专题11 阅读七选五
题型解读｜模板构建｜真题试炼
根据文章内容从7个选项中选出 5项填入文中相应的空白处，使补全后的文章意思通顺，前后连贯。
话题：题材广泛,包括服饰、日常生活娱乐与媒体、饮食、医疗健康与运动、爱好、住房与家庭等。
考点：主要考查考生对文章架构、整体内容和篇章衔接知识的运用。
一．答题步骤
第一点:答题前应先速读全文，理解文章主旨和文章框架。切忌边看文章边作答。
第二点:作答时应先细读每个选项,注意填的选项与上下文语义是否衔接、逻辑是否连贯。
第三点:每选择一个选项，都要确保其他选项均不能填入该空格处。
第四点:作答完成后，还应再次通读全文,检查填的选项是否正确。
一．看位置·定类型
句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：
挖空位置 逻辑关系 具体解读
段首题 主旨句 常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。
承上启下句 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
段中题 例证关系 前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is to say等。
转折关系 若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有： but, however, yet, while/though/although, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, in contrast/comparison, by comparison等。
因果关系 表示因果关系的标志词语有：so, therefore, thus, consequently(结果), as a result (of), so/such ...that ..., so that ...等。
递进关系 若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, likewise, similarly, what's more, what's worse, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not ... but ..., not only ... but also等。
并列关系 表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), second(ly); first, then/next; to begin with, some ... others ...; for one thing, for another thing; then/next, finally/last等。
段尾题 总结句 用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
承上启下句 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
二．由类型·定技法
主旨概括题
主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感态度。这类题常以考查段落标题为主，设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：①概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；②段落标题。
解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主旨大意，然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。
语段过渡题
语段过渡题所涉及的句子是过渡句，具有承上启下的作用，该题型主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其设空位置比较灵活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解这类题通常可采用位置判断法。
如果设空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与之衔接，并结合本段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。
如果设空位于段中，重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；如果还没有把握，再分析该段的中心句。
如果设空位于段尾，在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时，可考虑与下一段开头之间的衔接。仔细阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与所选选项紧密连接起来。
细节线索题
细节线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。解答这类试题经常用到的方法有：分析上下文语境、分析逻辑关系、根据承上启下关系推断、根据并列递进关系推断、根据转折关系推断、同词复现、根据同畴词推断等。
方法1 分析上下文语境
在做阅读补全题目时,首先要通读全文,根据上下文语境判断设空处想要表达的意思,进而确定答案。
例 Do you ever wish you had more time Everyone gets the same amount of time each day. But here are ways to use those hours better. As a popular saying says, “Work smarter, not harder.”
The most important way to manage your time is to set priorities(优先事项). 1 Also, consider whether or not they are urgent—if they need to be done right away. It can be easy to forget important tasks that aren't urgent, so make time for them.
...
A.Think about the time of day you work best.
B.That way I can make sure I don't forget anything.
C.Figure out(弄明白) which of your tasks is the most important.
D.Often, managing time means saying no to things that aren’t so important.
E.Meetings also tend to be a waste of time, so avoid them whenever possible.
解题思路 根据该空前面一句可知,管理时间最重要的方法是设定优先事项。优先做的一定要是最
重要的事情,所以本句要与最重要的事情相关,故选C。
方法2 分析逻辑关系
句子之间的逻辑关系包括并列、递进、转折、因果等。可以通过and, then, not only...but also..., but, however, though, because, so等词确定。
例 ...
Write down what you need to do and when. I keep two to-do lists: one for the present tasks and one for
larger projects I'm working on. 3 And I don't get discouraged by looking at a long list of items I
can't finish. I focus on the shorter list of each day's tasks.
...
(选项同方法1例题)
解题思路 该空后的And表示并列关系,判断该空应该是和后面两句一样讲述有两个待办事项的清单的好处,故选B。
方法3 根据承上启下关系推断
Suppose you’re in London and trying to find the bus to take you to Hyde Park. This should be easy. But if you can’t speak the language, it can be a problem. What will you do 1 Know the place you want to go.You can always tell others the name of the place where you want to go……. Whatever it is, if you do a little homework to remember its name, you can ask the way much more easily.
A. Here is some advice on how to ask the way in a foreign country.
B. Take a map or a picture.
解析：根据空前的”What will you do ” 和下文给出的建议可以判断此处应该填一个承上启下的过渡句引出下文，答案：A
What is health “Health” means eating well, getting enough exercise, and having a healthy weight. Let’s read the following rules. 1 .Eat different kinds of foods, especially fruit and vegetables. We all know that eating fruit and vegetables can help us stay healthy, …… Remember that we can only get the nutrition(营养) we need by eating different kinds of foods, especially fruit and vegetables.
A. They include a lot of sugar.
B. They can help you keep healthy.
解析：根据空前的句子“Let’s read the following rules.”和后面介绍的一些保持健康的规则，可以推断出这里需要承上启下的句子：“这些规则能帮助保持健康。”答案：B
You've been learning words since you were a tiny baby. At first, you learned them only by hearing other people talk. Now that you're a reader, you have another way to learn words. What should you do when you come to a word and you think you don't know what it means？ 1 Say itFirst, sound it out. Then say it to yourself．…… Sometimes you know a word in your head but you don't know what it looks like in print. So if you match up what you know and what you read ─ you have the word!
A. You can find the word in a dictionary.
B. Following some easy steps can help you.
解析：根据上句“What should you do when you come to a word and you think you don't know what it means？” 及下文的小标题“Say it” 可以知道此处是一个承上启下的过渡句。答案：B
方法4 根据并列递进关系推断
Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people, try out new skills and explore career choices. 1 Take Andrew Makhoul, a student at the University of Pennsylvania, as an example. Andrew didn’t spend his last spring break relaxing. Instead, the 19-year-old boy decided to do something for people who were less lucky than himself. He travelled to an orphanage(孤儿院) in Guatemala in Central American……. And it depends on volunteers to stay open.
A. It is a chance for poor children to get better care and support.
B. For young adults, valuable lessons may also be learned through volunteering.
解析：根据前一句 “Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people, try out new skills and explore career choices.”可以知道，这里是介绍志愿活动的好处。分析选项，B 符合语境，介绍了志愿活动的又一个好处。答案：B
方法5根据转折关系推断
You may have already forgotten the days when you had to learn how to use chopsticks. Every Chinese kids struggles with them for some time. 1 They come with their own special rules and traditions.
A. How Chinese kids learn to use chopsticks
B. But chopsticks are not just simple tools to pick up food.
解析：根据前一句“Every Chinese kids struggles with them for some time.”可以知道每个中国孩子都和他们斗争了一段时间，可以推断出下面的内容是转折，但是筷子不只是拿起食物的简单工具。它们有自己的特殊规则和传统。答案：B
When you are a teenager, it seems that every time you say, “I want to……” , your parents answer, “ No, you can’t.” Teenagers often think they should be allowed to make their own decisions, 1 Li Hai, a 15-year-old boy from Huarong, is a middle school student. He is often late for school because he stays up too late……. Unless he arrives at school on time, he will be punished by his teacher.
A. he will argue with his father or mother.
B. but their parents may worry about children’s development.
解析：根据前面的“I want to……” , your parents answer, “ No, you can’t.”可以知道此处是讲青少年和父母之间的矛盾，所以这里用but转折，引出父母。答案：B
方法6 同词复现
Li Enhui said in an interview,“As long as we are alive, there are no problems that cannot be solved, and many people don't have my experiences. 1 Such an idea makes many adults feel embarrassed.
A.“Poor students” are usually hard-working and caring.
B. And these experiences make me grow and become better.
解析：根据上文的 “my experiences”及上下文语境可知此处所填内容与“我”的经历相关,分析备选项可知B项符合语境。此处为"experience 的复现。答案：B。
Stay clean. No one likes a bad smell that could knock someone over. Shower every day, brush your teeth and wash your hair. 1 Be respectful of people's differences. 2 And everyone believes in different things. It is a good thing to have different friends with different opinions because you can each share your own.
A. Starting a new life might make you excited.
B. Everyone has his or her own opinion of the world.
C. You are supposed to make yourself look clean and tidy, whatever you wear.
解析：1.根据本段的小标题“Stay clean.”可以知道这里应该填与保持清洁相关的内容。“clean” 的复现。答案：C
2.根据下文“It is a good thing to have different friends with different opinions because you can each share your own. ”可以知道这里所填的内容与不同的观点相关。此处为“opinion”复现。答案：B
方法7.根据同畴词推断
As one of the world top universities, Stanford has many subjects that stand among the top ones in the world. 1 If you want to study computer in a university abroad, maybe it is your best choice.
A. The tallest building is Stanford is Hoover Tower.
B. And computer science has been the first for many years.
解析:根据上文“Stanford has many subjects that stand among the top ones in the world.”可知此处所填内容与斯坦福大学的科目相关，分析备选项可知B项符合语境。
另外，我们还可以根据以下六种关系进行推断：近义词、反义词；派生词；解释关系；因果关系；举例；概括总结。
二．快捷解题技法
一序一忌看四点
在考场上，我们不但要拼解题的准度，还要拼解题的速度，所以本讲我们给考生介绍一种快捷的解题技法——一序一忌看四点。
一序：先看七、再读文，快捷准确有针对
关于做题顺序，是先读文段，还是先看七个选项，大多数人倾向于先读文段。但是，笔者还是建议先看七个选项，再读短文。先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常有三个位置：段首、段中、段尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征，有时有的选项本身表述就是错误的，可以直接从备选项中清除，以降低难度。
一忌：“选一个、划一个”，这个方法不足取
解答阅读七选五题目最大的风险就是容易出现连环错！假如做题时，我们选一个，划掉一个，美其名曰：逐步缩小包围圈。方法虽妙，但倘若前面我们错选了一处，那么就会导致多处错选。
因此我们做题时要特别忌讳“选出一个划掉一个”，以避免造成一错再错，产生连环错误，特别是那些句子结构相同、句意相近的选项更是需要我们三思而定。
看四点：体裁、指代、连贯词，重复信息有价值
1．看文段体裁，用好鲜明特征
从近年高考所选材料来看，其体裁基本是说明文和记叙文。说明文的特征是主题鲜明、层次清晰，语篇特征非常明晰。记叙文则以故事发展脉络为主线，为了有趣，常常会出现一些比较特别的记叙手法，因而会增加理解的难度。
2．看代词指代，寻根还需溯源
英语是一门非常讲究简洁的语言，所以在篇章中代词的运用很多，用于指代上文已经提到过的人、物或者整个事件。追根溯源，找到指代与被替代关系，会大大加快我们解题的速度。
3．看上下连贯，捕捉文段脉络
上下连贯是好的篇章的特点，常常靠“起承转合”来实现。“起”就是开端，或提出主题或吸引读者关注主题；“承”就是承接上文加以申述；“转”就是转折，指出问题或困难；“合”则是给出解决问题的方法或建议。这些特征在说明文和议论文中尤为明显。
4．看重复信息，把握内在联系
篇章是相对完整的一个语义体，自然而然会有很多割裂不开的内在联系。这些联系常常靠同义词、近义词、反义词或者借助词性的变化来重复体现，而这些重复信息的存在，又为我们提供了良好的解题契机。
（2024昆中考）
You may be too busy to notice the wonderful world where you live. Taking time to know your own town or city can help you see it in a new light. With the warm weather outside, now is a good time to go exploring (探索) with a trusted adult. ___1___
◆Act like a tourist.
Many times, when you live in a place, you never really explore some of the most exciting parts that a visitor might. Start by asking yourself this question: ___2___ Maybe you can visit a historic building, a nice park, or a new ice cream store.
◆Consider local attractions (景点).
First, do some research online and talk to an adult about where to go. ___3___ A local museum or zoo might have a new exhibit. You might also head to a national park for a hike.
◆ ___4___
With an adult’s guide, look up walking tours for a whole new way to explore your city. Some cities offer walking tours focused on a theme, like food or local parks. You can also search for free self-guided walking tours in your area.
◆Take a photography (摄影) walk.
___5___ Pick a theme for your photos, like special dishes, local waterways, or lovely birds. And at the end of the day, you can look back on all your explorations.
A. Find out a guided tour.
B. Here is how to get started.
C. Go bike riding in a local park.
D. Then try to think about which place is the best to explore.
E. If I have never been to the town before, when is the best time to explore
F. If my friends came to town for the first time, where would I advise them to go
G. Another way to see where you live with fresh eyes is to go exploring with your camera.
[方法运用]
“一序”：读选项：七个选项的排列从最短句到最长句，呈梯形排列；最短的A、B、C、D四项涵盖性强，具有主旨句的特点，故可优先考虑放到段首位置。
读文章：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何花时间去探索自己所在的城镇。
“一忌”：切忌“选一个、划掉一个”，这样极易造成“连环错”。
“看四点”：答案解析过程。
【答案】41. B 42. F 43. D 44. A 45. G
【解析】本文主要讲述了如何花时间去探索自己所在的城镇。
1.根据上下文内容可知，此处承上启下，引出对后文的介绍，选项B“下面是如何开始。”符合语境，故选B。
2.根据“Start by asking yourself this question”和“A local museum or zoo might have a new exhibit. You might also head to a national park for a hike.”可知，此处应是一个问题，与去什么地方相关，选项F“如果我的朋友第一次进城，我会建议他们去哪里？”符合语境，故选F。
3.根据“First, do some research online and talk to an adult about where to go.”可知，此处建议在网上做一些调查，和成年人谈谈去哪里，选项D“然后试着想想哪个是最好的探索地点。”符合语境，故选D。
4.根据“With an adult’s guide”可知，此处提到导游，选项A“找一个导游。”符合语境，故选A。
5.根据“Take a photography (摄影) walk.”可知，此处建议与摄影相关，选项G“另一种用新鲜的眼光看你住的地方的方法是带着你的相机去探索。”符合语境，故选G。
1.（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）When winter comes, cranes migrate (迁徙) from northeast Siberia in Russia to Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province, China. 1 However, climate change has influenced the birds’ living conditions.
In some years, the Poyang Lake experiences floods, while in others, it experiences dry weather. 2
To help deal with the problem, the local government has planted 70 hectares (公顷) of lotus roots (莲藕) in Nanchang. 3 The birds’ population has risen from about 3, 000 to more than 5,000 over the past 20 years.
Over the years, China has worked hard to protect migratory birds. Recently, 1,140 places in the country have been taken as important breeding (繁殖) grounds, wintering grounds and migratory stops. 4 They play a key role in cleaning water, preventing floods, and keeping the balance of the environment.
5 The law sets rules to help manage wetlands. And it stops harmful activities, including giving out waste water. Thanks to these efforts, China has reported more birds wintering in the wetlands.
A．Most of them are wetlands.
B．We need more people to count the birds.
C．About 95% of the birds spend winter there.
D．It’s important for us to do something to protect them.
E．In this way, they provide food during the winter for the cranes.
F．Both of these lead to the problem that there isn’t enough food for cranes.
G．To protect wetlands, the Wetlands Protection Law was introduced on June 1, 2022.
【答案】1．C 2．F 3．E 4．A 5．G
【导语】本文主要介绍中国对于保护鸟类采取的行动和成果。
1．根据“When winter comes, cranes migrate (迁徙) from northeast Siberia in Russia to Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province, China.”可知当冬天来临时，鹤从俄罗斯西伯利亚东北部迁徙到中国江西省的鄱阳湖，选项C“大约95%的鸟类在那里过冬”符合语境。故选C。
2．根据“In some years, the Poyang Lake experiences floods, while in others, it experiences dry weather”可知在一些年份，鄱阳湖经历洪水，而在另一些年份，它经历干旱天气，选项F“这两者都导致了鹤没有足够的食物的问题”符合语境。故选F。
3．根据“To help deal with the problem, the local government has planted 70 hectares (公顷) of lotus roots (莲藕) in Nanchang”可知为了解决这个问题，当地政府在南昌种植了70公顷的莲藕，此处介绍这样做的结果，选项E“通过这种方式，它们在冬天为鹤提供食物”符合语境。故选E。
4．根据“Recently, 1,140 places in the country have been taken as important breeding (繁殖) grounds, wintering grounds and migratory stops”可知全国1140个地方被作为重要的繁殖地、越冬地和迁徙站，此处介绍这些地方，选项A“其中大部分是湿地”符合语境。故选A。
5．根据“The law sets rules to help manage wetlands.”可知该法律制定了有助于管理湿地的规则，选项G“为保护湿地，《湿地保护法》于2022年6月1日出台”符合语境。故选G。
2.（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项多余。
Pan Yuzhen, 77, is an inheritor (继承人) of the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) of Miao embroidery (刺绣) in Southwest China’s Guizhou Province. Pan has often been a guest on the International fashion stage. 1
“ 2 Since I was five years old, I have learned embroidery from my mother and sister. Miao embroidery methods are complicated (复杂的), but I have finally mastered all of them.” Pan said. “I can embroider clothes for myself and family.”
Pan’s daughter Zhang Yanmei was born in 1977. She suffered from poliomyelitis (小儿麻痹症) at the age of three. Because her family is so poor, 3 She traveled to many cities including Shanghai, Beijing and other places by train. Zhang remembered that her mother was always back home in a hurry and brought some candies and new clothes to her, but she never complained about her hardship.
In 1999, Zhang went to Beijing to join her mother after graduation from high school to do business while learning embroidery. 4 she met many foreign friends there. “They advised me to go abroad and sell embroidery products. I went to the United States to do business related to Miao embroidery from 2006 to 2016.” Pan said.
Pan also went to the UK to join in all kinds of fashion show activities. Pan said. “When the foreigners saw these products 5 Miao embroidery is the pride of our Chinese people.”
A．Due to the family’s heavy financial burden (经济负担).
B．At that time, Pan had a stall (摊位) in Panjiayuan Antique (古玩) Market.
C．who were interested in Miao embroidery.
D．She has been famous for these experiences.
E．Pan began to sell Miao embroidery products around the country.
F．they rushed to take photos with the Chinese embroiderer.
G．The girls in my hometown can embroider with needles (针) from a very young age.
【答案】1．D 2．G 3．E 4．B 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了中国非物质文化遗产——苗绣的传承人潘玉珍的故事。
1．根据“Pan has often been a guest on the International fashion stage. ”可知，她经常是国际时尚舞台上的嘉宾，此处介绍的是她很出名，D选项“她因为这些经历而出名”符合，故选D。
2．根据“Since I was five years old, I have learned embroidery from my mother and sister.”可知，此处介绍她小时候的情况，G选项“我家乡的女孩很小的时候就会用针刺绣”符合，故选G。
3．根据“Because her family is so poor…She traveled to many cities including Shanghai, Beijing and other places by train. Zhang remembered that her mother was always back home in a hurry and brought some candies and new clothes to her”可知，因为家里穷，所以她去各地做一些生意，E选项“潘开始在全国各地销售苗绣产品”符合，故选E。
4．根据“she met many foreign friends there”可知，提到了遇见外国朋友的地方，B选项“当时，潘在潘家园古玩市场摆摊”符合，故选B。
5．根据“When the foreigners saw these products ”可知，此处介绍外国人看到这些产品时的反应，F选项“他们冲过去和中国刺绣师合影”符合，故选F。
3.（2024·陕西·中考真题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rain forests are forests that get a lot of rain. It can rain more than one inch (=2. 54 cm) per day! There are tropical (热带的) rain forests all over the world. 1 They are very warm.
The Amazon is in South America. It is the biggest rain forest in the world. More than half of the rain forest is in Brazil. 2
Many plants and animals live in the Amazon. There are more kinds of plants and animals there than anywhere else in the world. The biggest mix of plants and animals live in the canopy (遮篷). 3 The canopy keeps off most of the sunlight. The rain forest floor is very dark.
4 There are more than 400 different native tribes (土著部落)! Native people used to stay in the rain forest. They found food and built homes there. They made medicine from plants. Now they sometimes leave. They go into nearby towns to sell food. Still, they live in their own ways.
Today, the Amazon is faced with the problem of deforestation. This means that too many trees are cut down by humans and 5 What can we do to protect the rain forest and the wildlife there
A．The canopy is a thick coat of trees.
B．They are found near the equator (赤道).
C．it brings harmful results to the wildlife in the Amazon.
D．it makes more space for the animals in the Amazon to live in.
E．They have found some wildlife near the equator.
F．The rest spreads across eight other countries.
G．People live in the Amazon too.
【答案】1．B 2．F 3．A 4．G 5．C
【导语】本文介绍了亚马逊热带雨林。
1．根据“There are tropical (热带的) rain forests all over the world…They are very warm.”可知，此处在介绍热带雨林，选项B “它们（指热带雨林）是在赤道附近。”符合，故选B。
2．根据“The Amazon is in South America. It is the biggest rain forest in the world. More than half of the rain forest is in Brazil.”可知，此处在介绍亚马逊热带雨林的地理位置，选项F “其余的则分布在其他8个国家。”符合，故选F。
3．根据“The canopy keeps off most of the sunlight. The rain forest floor is very dark.”可知，此处提到了天篷似的树荫，选项A “天篷是一层很厚的树。”符合，故选A。
4．根据“There are more than 400 different native tribes”可知，此处在介绍那里的人，选项G“人们也生活在亚马逊地区。”符合，故选G。
5．根据“This means that too many trees are cut down by humans”可知，太多的树木被人类砍伐，这会带来不良后果，选项C “它给亚马逊地区的野生动物带来了有害的后果。”符合，故选C。
1.（2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“You have to drink eight cups of water.” I believe everyone has received the advice and been told the importance of it. 1 That’s because the advice is probably wrong.
According to the research published in the Journal of Science, most healthy adults don’t need to drink eight cups of water every day. What will happen if you have eight cups of water a day 2 You probably just need to make more trips to the bathroom.
Some people may ask, “Where does the suggestion come from ” In 1945, the US National Research Council suggested that adults should drink around 1.9 liters of water each day. The suggestion referred to a person’s total daily intake of water, including water from the food. 3 They believed that people should drink eight cups of water daily according to the suggestion.
According to the research, each person’s water requirements are different. A person’s size and body fat greatly influence his daily water requirements. 4 In general, our water requirements reach the top between the ages of 20 and 50. This is because how much water we require depends partly on the body’s metabolism (新陈代谢) and how many calories we burn each day.
So, how much water should we actually drink every day 5 Just drink whenever we’re thirsty. Remember to stay away from sugary drinks. They can cause health problems.
A．However, it’s OK if you fail to do it.
B．The research also showed that our water requirements change with age.
C．But many people misunderstood the suggestion.
D．In fact, we don’t need to work out how much water we need.
E．It won’t do you any good or harm.
F．About two million people around the world are suffering from water shortages.
G．Many health experts suggest drinking 8 glasses of water per day as a general guideline.
【答案】1．A 2．E 3．C 4．B 5．D
【导语】本文就每天是否应该喝八杯水的建议给出了科学的解答。
1．根据“You have to drink eight cups of water.”及“That’s because the advice is probably wrong.”可知，这个建议可能是错的，此处是说没有喝到八杯水也是可以的，选项A“但是，如果你做不到，也没关系。”符合语境。故选A。
2．根据“What will happen if you have eight cups of water a day ”可知，此处应表达喝八杯水会发生什么，选项E“这对你没有任何好处或坏处。”符合语境。故选E。
3．根据“The suggestion referred to a person’s total daily intake of water, including water from the food.”及“They believed that people should drink eight cups of water daily according to the suggestion.”可知，此处是介绍人们误解了每天喝八杯水这一建议，选项C“但许多人误解了这个建议。”符合语境。故选C。
4．根据“In general, our water requirements reach the top between the ages of 20 and 50.”可知，我们对水的需求量跟年龄有关，选项B“研究还表明，我们的需水量会随着年龄的增长而变化。”符合语境。故选B。
5．根据“So, how much water should we actually drink every day ”可知，此处应回答每天应该喝多少水，选项D“事实上，我们不需要计算出我们需要多少水。”符合语境。故选D。
2.（2025·山东济南·模拟预测）Have you ever tried to hide your emotions from someone during a conversation 1 Scientists from the Ohio State University have found that people are able to tell other people’s emotions according to the changes in the color of their faces.
Scientists studied pictures of people’s facial expressions. 2 For example, happiness makes our faces red around the cheeks and a little blue around the chin. Disgust (厌恶) creates not only a blue-yellow color around the lips, but also a red-green color around the nose and forehead.
“We believe these color patterns are the result of small changes in blood flow triggered (触发) by the central nervous system”, a researcher Alex Martinez said.
3 Does the color alone or also the facial expressions help people tell others’ emotions
To figure this out, scientists added color patterns to pictures of faces that showed no facial expressions. 4 They were able to tell the emotions seventy-five percent of the time without any difficulty.
5 For example, when two people are heatedly arguing over something, we say they are red in the face. When a person is very angry, we say he or she is blue in the face.
A．But this raises a question.
B．There are many facial expressions on the face.
C．It is shown that human emotions are influenced by colors on the face.
D．They found that every facial expression is connected to a certain color.
E．It’s not always easy, because the colors on your face may tell the truth.
F．Then, volunteers were asked to tell what emotions the faces were showing.
G．This is why there are some Chinese sayings that connect emotions to the color of one’s face.
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了科学家发现人们能够根据脸部颜色的变化来判断他人的情感。
1．根据“Have you ever tried to hide your emotions from someone during a conversation ”可知，第一段应该引出下文的脸上的颜色和情感的关系，选项E“这并不总是容易的，因为你脸上的颜色可能会说出真相”，承接上文，解释了隐藏情绪不容易的原因，与下文提到的人们能根据脸色变化判断情绪相呼应。故选E。
2．根据“Scientists studied pictures of people’s facial expressions.”可知，科学家研究了人们面部表情的图片，下文应该说明研究的发现，选项D“他们发现每一种面部表情都与某种特定的颜色有关”，“found”与上文的“studied”相呼应，且下文具体举例说明了不同情绪对应的不同脸色。故选D。
3．根据下文“Does the color alone or also the facial expressions help people tell others’ emotions ”可知，这里提出了一个问题，选项A“但这提出了一个问题”，起到了承上启下的作用，引出下文的问题。故选A。
4．根据“To figure this out, scientists added color patterns to pictures of faces that showed no facial expressions.”可知，为了弄清楚这一点，科学家们在没有面部表情的人脸图片上添加了颜色模式，选项F“然后，志愿者被要求说出这些脸所表达的情绪”，“Then”表示承接，说明在科学家做了前面的操作之后，让志愿者来判断情绪，符合逻辑。故选F。
5．根据“For example, when two people are heatedly arguing over something, we say they are red in the face. When a person is very angry, we say he or she is blue in the face.”可知，是对中国一些将情绪和脸色联系起来的俗语的举例，选项G“这就是为什么有一些中国俗语将情绪和一个人脸色联系起来”，能够引出下文的例子。故选G。
3.（2025·陕西西安·一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
That one looks like a rabbit. Or is the larger one a whale Whatever shape they take, they’re clouds. 1 The following can help you know more about them.
●Clouds are floating (浮动的) water.
Clouds are made of small water drops. 2 They stay together around a tiny piece of dust (尘埃) or salt. How small are cloud drops A shoebox of clouds might hold millions of cloud drops.
●Clouds are heavy.
3 And water is heavy. The water in an average cotton-ball cloud may weigh as much as a group of elephants.
●Things live in clouds.
Have you ever dreamed of living on a cloud It would probably be cold and wet, with no place to sit down. But weather balloons have discovered insects inside clouds as high as 20 miles above the earth. 4 Airplane pilots have ever found butterflies at 10,000 feet.
●Clouds don’t last.
Clouds are always changing. They form and then change into gas soon. They are changing shapes as the wind blows them across the sky. Will the shapes stay long Some big clouds can hang around all day. 5
So take a look at the cloud before it disappears—what does that cloud look like
A．What are the types of clouds
B．So what are clouds, exactly
C．But some small soft clouds often last 10 minutes.
D．Clouds are very important for many reasons.
E．Most of the insects inside clouds are blown there by the wind.
F．Clouds look light and soft, but they hold much water.
G．Each drop is made of many flying water molecules (分子).
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．F 4．E 5．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了云的形状，种类以及重要性等。
1．根据“That one looks like a rabbit. Or is the larger one a whale Whatever shape they take, they’re clouds.”可知，前文提到云的不同形状，后文引出对云的科普。选项B“那么云到底是什么呢？”符合语境。故选B。
2．根据“Clouds are made of small water drops.”以及“They stay together around a tiny piece of dust (尘埃) or salt.”可知，此处应该具体解释水滴的构成，选项G“每一滴都是由许多飞舞的水分子组成的。”符合语境。故选G。
3．根据“And water is heavy. The water in an average cotton-ball cloud may weigh as much as a group of elephants.”可知，此处应该对比外观与实际重量，选项F“云看起来又轻又软，但它们含有很多水分。”符合语境。故选F。
4．根据“But weather balloons have discovered insects inside clouds as high as 20 miles above the earth.”可知，此处应该解释现象原因，选项E“云里的大多数昆虫都是被风吹到那里的。”符合语境。故选E。
5．根据“Some big clouds can hang around all day.”以及“So take a look at the cloud before it disappears”可知，前文说“大云能持续整天”，此处应该形成对比，呼应后文“云易消失”。选项C“但是一些小的软云通常会持续10分钟。”符合语境。故选C。
4.（2025·山东济南·一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you have clothes in your wardrobe that you never wear Do you keep things in your cupboards that you never use Do you have books on your shelves that you never open And what about the mess on the floor 1 If the answer to these questions is yes, then you’re not alone. Most of us have too many things.
People with untidy, cluttered (凌乱的) rooms have untidy minds. 2 This makes them unhappy. There is no doubt that too many things are bad for us and we have to change.
Now, imagine this bedroom: a white floor, a bed, a wardrobe, a desk and a chair. That’s all. It looks calm and relaxing. This is the minimalist style (简约主义). Minimalists believe that they don’t have to own a lot of things to be happy. 3
You are probably asking at this point “Do I have to throw away all my favorite things ” 4 A minimalist room is too extreme (极端) for most people, and personal things like photos and books are comforting and help us to feel at home. 5 Consider this simple rule: if you don’t use something for longer than 6 months, get rid of it. You have to regularly tidy and sort out all the things in your room. After regular decluttering (定期清理), you’ll have more space in your wardrobe and cupboards. No more “You must tidy your room!” from your parents! Your room will look more spacious (宽敞的) and you’ll feel free.
A．Of course the answer is that you don’t.
B．Actually, they enjoy their messy room.
C．They try to live with only necessary things.
D．But regular decluttering isn’t a bad idea.
E．Why do you keep so many things in your room
F．Is it difficult to find things when you need them
G．They can feel stressed and they find it difficult to relax.
【答案】1．F 2．G 3．C 4．A 5．D
【导语】本文主要讨论了杂乱无章的生活环境对人的影响，并介绍了简约主义的生活方式。
1．根据“Do you have clothes in your wardrobe that you never wear Do you keep things in your cupboards that you never use Do you have books on your shelves that you never open ”和“If the answer to these questions is yes, then you’re not alone.”可知，此处应该填一般疑问句。选项F“当你需要东西时，很难找到它们吗？”符合语境。故选F。
2．根据“People with untidy, cluttered (凌乱的) rooms have untidy minds.”和“This makes them unhappy.”可知，此处应填入凌乱环境对人的负面影响。选项G“他们会感到压力，并且他们发现很难放松。”符合语境。故选G。
3．根据“Minimalists believe that they don’t have to own a lot of things to be happy.”可知，此处应介绍简约主义的生活。选项C“他们试图仅保留必需品来生活。”符合语境。故选C。
4．根据“Do I have to throw away all my favorite things ”可知，此处应给出答案。选项A“当然，答案是你不用这样。”符合语境。故选A。
5．根据“if you don’t use something for longer than 6 months, get rid of it.”可知，此处与清理不用的东西有关。选项D“但定期清理不是个坏主意。”符合语境。故选D。
6.（2025·陕西西安·二模）
There are many deserts on the earth. 1
What are deserts like
Deserts can be hot and dry places. Rain may not fall there for months or years. Some deserts are sandy and stony. Deserts can also be very windy places. The wind can change the shape of the deserts. It moves sand around from place to place.
2 During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40°C even in the shade (阴凉处). At night, deserts can become very cold. In winter, there may even be a frost in the early morning.
Living in the desert.
The camel is sometimes called “the ship of the desert”. It stores food in its hump and can go for days without water. 3 Its long eyelashes (睫毛) keep out the sand during sandstorms.
An oasis is an area of the desert where water may be found. The water may be in pools or under the ground. People and animals visit an oasis for water and food. Plants grow at an oasis. Some farmers are able to grow crops (庄稼) here.
4
The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. In some parts of the desert, it is too hot for people to live. 5 It has made some countries in the area very rich. Much of the money has been spent building fine cities with lovely parks and lakes, and people there live a comfortable life.
A．Oil was discovered under parts of the desert and in the Arabian Gulf.
B．The Sahara Desert.
C．And the followings are some facts about deserts you may find interesting.
D．It has large feet which help it not to fall into the sand.
E．It is dangerous to walk alone in the desert.
F．Temperatures in the desert can be quite different.
G．The Arabian Desert.
【答案】1．C 2．F 3．D 4．G 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了沙漠的极端环境特征、生物适应性以及阿拉伯沙漠的资源开发案例，展现沙漠的严酷性与人类对自然资源的利用，传递“生命与科技在极端环境中的适应与共存”的主题。
1．根据“There are many deserts on the earth.”并结合下文可知，首段引出下文关于沙漠的事实描述，选项C“下面是一些你可能会感兴趣的关于沙漠的事实。”符合语境，故选C。
2．根据后文“During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40°C even in the shade (阴凉处). At night, deserts can become very cold. In winter, there may even be a frost in the early morning.”可知，此处强调沙漠温差大，选项F“沙漠中的温度差异很大。”符合，故选F。
3．根据“The camel is sometimes called “the ship of the desert”. It stores food in its hump and can go for days without water.”和“Its long eyelashes (睫毛) keep out the sand during sandstorms.”可知，上下文描述了骆驼适应沙漠的方法，如驼峰储粮、睫毛挡沙，选项D“它有很大的脚，这有助于它不掉进沙子里。”补充骆驼的另一个适应性特征，故选D。
4．根据“The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf.”可知，后文详细描述阿拉伯沙漠的地理位置、气候及资源，选项G“阿拉伯沙漠。”为段落主题句，符合语境，故选G。
5．根据后文“It has made some countries in the area very rich. Much of the money has been spent building fine cities with lovely parks and lakes, and people there live a comfortable life.”可知，石油使该地区国家富裕，资金用于建设城市和提高民众生活水平，选项A“在沙漠的部分地下和阿拉伯湾发现了石油。”解释财富来源，符合语境，故选A。
7.（2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots of people have never seen snakes, but they are afraid of them. 1
To find out the answer, scientists put pictures with snakes, pandas, flowers and many other things in front of people of all ages. People found snakes faster than flowers. In fact, it wasn’t just snakes. Even babies found “black faces”, like spiders, faster than safe things like flowers. 2
Why do people fear snakes 3 However, they said that even if they were not actually bitten by snakes. They got scared when they hear the shouting or see the faces of those people who met snakes.
So why is it important whether we are afraid of snakes or not 4 People protect animals they like, not animals they fear. Snakes may not be as cute as pandas, but they’re just of the same importance to the environment. They eat insects and mice. So when we kill snakes simply because we are scared of them, we’re breaking the balance.
5 To answer this question, scientists did another study recently. Some volunteer students went on a field trip. With the help of safety tips, everyone could safely touch and hold a snake. The result is that snakes aren’t so bad or scary. If you like, snakes even became some students’ favorite animals.
A．Where can people see snakes
B．Maybe we are born to be afraid of them.
C．Some people were bitten by snakes.
D．Where does the fear come from
E．Are the snakes as scary as people think
F．The answer is important to snakes.
G．Most of them weren’t bitten by snakes.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．E
【导语】本文主要介绍人们害怕蛇是有一定依据的，但是蛇和其他动物一样在生态中同等重要。
1．根据上文“Lots of people have never seen snakes, but they are afraid of them.”以及下文“To find out the answer, scientists put pictures with snakes, pandas, flowers and many other things in front of people of all ages.”可知，此处应是提出关于人们害怕蛇的问题，选项D“害怕来自哪里呢 ”符合语境。故选D。
2．根据上文“People found snakes faster than flowers. In fact, it wasn’t just snakes. Even babies found ‘black faces’, like spiders, faster than safe things like flowers.”可知，人们似乎天生对某些危险的东西比较敏感，此处表示推测，选项B“也许我们生来就害怕它们。”符合语境。故选B。
3．根据下文“However, they said that even if they were not actually bitten by snakes. They got scared when they hear the shouting or see the faces of those people who met snakes.”可知，此处应与人们是否被蛇咬过有关，选项C“一些人被蛇咬过”符合语境。故选C。
4．根据上文“So why is it important whether we are afraid of snakes or not ”以及下文“People protect animals they like, not animals they fear. Snakes may not be as cute as pandas, but they’re just of the same importance to the environment.”可知，这里强调对蛇的恐惧与否对蛇来说很重要，选项F“这个答案对蛇来说很重要”符合语境。故选F。
5．根据下文“To answer this question, scientists did another study recently. Some volunteer students went on a field trip. With the help of safety tips, everyone could safely touch and hold a snake. The result is that snakes aren’t so bad or scary. If you like, snakes even became some students’ favorite animals.”可知，此处应是提出关于蛇是否像人们认为的那样可怕的问题，选项E“蛇像人们认为的那样可怕吗？”符合语境。故选E。
8.（2025·陕西西安·一模）
There are many modern role models in our country. Many of us know about Qian Xuesen, Yuan Longping, Zhang Guimei, Nan Rendong and Gu Fangzhou, but do you know Fan Jinshi—“the daughter of Dunhuang”—is also a modern role model She is an archaeologist (考古学家). Do you know what an archaeologist does
1 . So people call them history’s detectives*. They collect information, use scientific methods and study data to understand past events. Archaeologists study man-made objects and human remains (遗迹) from the past. 2 . But how do archaeologists work
First, archaeologists need to find a site. Some sites are on the surface, 3 . They use technology, such as satellite images, to find them.
Next, archaeologists start to dig with great care. They try to find objects from the past, such as tools, bones, artworks and buildings, then dig them out carefully. To protect these remains, archaeologists use special tools, like knives, picks (镐) or brushes.
After this, archaeologists study these remains. They want to answer questions, such as: who made this object, when and why 4 .
Archaeologists work with other scientists and museums to bring history back to life. Through their careful work, 5 .
*Detectives are the people whose jobs are to discover what has happened in a crime or other situation. Some detectives work in the police station and others work privately.
A．what do archaeologists work for
B．Archaeologists are like detectives
C．They can find the answers very easily
D．but others are underground or even underwater
E．These objects help them make sense of human history
F．Their study helps us understand how people lived in the past
G．we are able to learn new, important things about historic cultures
【答案】1．B 2．E 3．D 4．F 5．G
【导语】本文主要介绍了考古学家的工作内容及其重要性。
1．根据“So people call them history’s detectives”可知，是指考古学家如同侦探一样，选项B“考古学家就像侦探一样”符合语境。故选B。
2．根据“Archaeologists study man-made objects and human remains (遗迹) from the past.”可知，此处是介绍研究这些人造物品的原因，选项E“这些物品有助于他们理解人类历史”符合语境。故选E。
3．根据“Some sites are on the surface”可知，是在介绍考古遗址的位置，选项D“但其他的在地下或甚至在水下”符合语境。故选D。
4．根据“After this, archaeologists study these remains. They want to answer questions, such as: who made this object, when and why ”可知，是指考古学家研究这些遗迹来找到是谁，在什么时间及为什么发明这件物品的答案，从而帮助我们了解过去人们是如何生活的，选项F“他们的研究帮助我们了解过去人们是如何生活的。”符合语境。故选F。
5．根据“Archaeologists work with other scientists and museums to bring history back to life. Through their careful work,”可知，考古学家与其他科学家和博物馆合作，将历史重现，因此通过他们的细致工作，我们能够了解历史文化，选项G“我们能够学习关于历史文化的新的、重要的事情”符合语境。故选G。
9.（2025·陕西渭南·一模）Scientists have created an underwater robot and it can tell different kinds of pollution at the bottom of the sea. 1 . It can also give them a chance to remove the things that can cause the most harm to the environment.
The robot weighs nearly 100 pounds and uses special cameras to take 3D pictures. It was created by a team at Skarv Technologies.
2 . First, the robot swam up and down in rows at about six feet above the lake bed, collecting information with the special cameras. Then a computer turned the information into a map, which showed different kinds of rubbish in different colors.
A total of 3,894 objects (物品) were found in the lake and divided into different kinds. “There’s too much rubbish,” a member of the Skarv Technologies team told New Scientist. “ 3 .”
It is not always possible for clean-up teams to remove all the rubbish they find underwater, besides, 4 . The robot will be used to help the teams find the most harmful things. And the teams spend their time, efforts and money in removing them first. “Glass isn’t really polluting,” said Fossum. “So if you know there’s an area with a lot of glass, 5 . Instead, you should pay more attention to the things that are putting heavy metals (金属) into the environment.”
Besides helping to check the pollution, the robot can also tell the positions of animals in the sea. It can avoid hurting the animals while the clean-up teams remove the rubbish.
A．There’s somewhere around 165 to 300 tons of rubbish in the lake
B．The robot can clean the rubbish on the ground on its own
C．there is something more important to clean
D．The researchers put their work to the test at a lake
E．it still needed to be tested
F．you probably can ignore (忽视) that
G．The robot will help clean-up teams find the rubbish
【答案】1．G 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．F
【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家们创造的一种水下机器人，它能够识别海底的不同种类的污染。
1．根据后文“It can also give them a chance to remove the things that can cause the most harm to the environment.”可知，此句提到机器人能给清洁团队一个机会去移除对环境有害的东西，由此可推出此处是说机器人能帮助清洁团队找到垃圾，选项G“机器人将帮助清洁团队找到垃圾”符合语境。故选G。
2．根据后文“First, the robot swam up and down in rows at about six feet above the lake bed, collecting information with the special cameras. Then a computer turned the information into a map…”可知，此处详细描述机器人在湖里进行测试的过程，选项D“研究人员在一个湖里对他们的工作进行了测试”符合语境。故选D。
3．根据前文“‘There’s too much rubbish,’ a member of the Skarv Technologies team told New Scientist.”可知，此处提到湖里有太多垃圾，由此可推出此处会说湖里垃圾的具体数量，选项A“湖里大约有165到300吨垃圾”符合语境。故选A。
4．根据前文“It is not always possible for clean-up teams to remove all the rubbish they find underwater, besides…”可知，清洁团队不可能移除水下发现的所有垃圾，除此之外，还有更重要的东西要清理，选项C“有更重要的东西要清理”符合语境。故选C。
5．根据前文“‘Glass isn’t really polluting,’ said Fossum.”以及后文“Instead, you should pay more attention to the things that are putting heavy metals into the environment.”可知，Fossum说玻璃不是真正的污染，相反应该更关注那些把重金属排入环境中的东西，由此可推出此处是说如果知道某个区域有很多玻璃，那么可以忽略它，选项F“你可能可以忽略它”符合语境。故选F。
10.（2025·陕西渭南·一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are more than 400,000 kinds of plants on Earth. Some plants are as big as tall buildings. 1 Plants are an important part in nature because they can give out oxygen (氧气). All animals need it for breathing.
What is a plant Most people can find the differences between an animal and a plant. 2 What makes a plant Like animals, plants are living things with lots of cells (细胞). Unlike animals, plants make their own food with water, CO and sunlight. 3 and most plants reproduce by growing flowers and making seeds.
4 For most animals, genes (基因) control their growth. That means when they are small, it’s easy to know what they will look like after they grow up. Plants are different. Genes controlled their growth too, 5 For example, a tree can be big and round if it grows up in an open space, but taller and thinner if it grows with many other trees around it. Plants can’t move from one place to another, so it is important for them to fit in (适应) the place they live.
A．but their final shapes may be different because of the place they live.
B．Others are as small as rice.
C．What can plants provide for us
D．Most plants have roots, stems (茎), and leaves,
E．How does a plant grow
F．so plants can only live in warmer places.
G．That is because animals can move around, but plants can’t.
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．D 4．E 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植物的相关知识，包括植物的大小、植物与动物的区别、植物的构成、生长方式以及其生长形状与环境的关系等，强调植物是自然界重要的一部分，且具有适应环境的特点。
1．根据上文“Some plants are as big as tall buildings.”可知，有些植物像高楼一样大，此处应是对比，说明有些植物很小；选项B“其他的则像大米一样小。”符合语境。故选B。
2．根据上文“Most people can find the differences between an animal and a plant.”可知，大多数人能找出动物和植物的区别，所以此处应说明能找出区别的原因；选项G“那是因为动物可以四处移动，但植物却不能。”符合语境。故选G。
3．根据上文“What makes a plant Like animals, plants are living things with lots of cells. Unlike animals, plants make their own food with water, CO and sunlight.”可知，植物和动物的一些不同，而下文说大多数植物通过开花结果繁殖，所以这里应介绍植物的基本组成部分；选项D“大多数植物都有根、茎和叶，”符合语境。故选D。
4．根据下文“For most animals, genes control their growth.”以及后面关于植物生长的描述可知，此段主要讲植物的生长；选项E“植物是如何生长的呢？”符合语境。故选E。
5．根据上文“For most animals, genes control their growth.”和下文“For example, a tree can be big and round if it grows up in an open space, but taller and thinner if it grows with many other trees around it.”可知，上文说基因也控制植物的生长，下文举例说明植物生长环境不同形状不同，所以此处应解释植物的最终形状可能因生长环境的不同而有所差异；选项A“但是由于它们所生长的地方不同，它们最终的形状可能会有所不同”符合语境。故选A。
11.（2025·陕西渭南·一模）Nowadays, many people would like to go outside for a short trip on weekends. Before they actually go out, one thing they have to think about is how to get to the place they plan to go. When you go somewhere, choosing the proper transportation is really important. 1
Don’t drive a car.
2 Walking is a good choice when you travel to a village or visit some places with mountains. You can slow down to enjoy the beautiful views along the roads. That’s the thing you’re not able to do well in a car. That’s really enjoyable and relaxing.
3
Many people usually like to travel by bike, especially the young. They think they can also exercise in this way. 4 Just feel the wind and riding bikes can also make less pollution.
Choose public transport.
If you travel to a city, try to take public transport. You needn’t worry about the problem of parking. Mostly, cities offer lots of information and clear maps about the public transport. 5 It can also provide you with good chances to enjoy the beautiful sights.
No matter what transportation you choose, you must remember that safety comes first. Choosing a proper one will make your journey more wonderful.
A．Without them, you will get lost in the city.
B．Ride a bike.
C．Take a shared taxi.
D．It can make you travel in the city freely.
E．Just take a walk instead of driving a car.
F．It is not only good for health but also for the environment.
G．Here are some suggestions for you.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．B 4．F 5．D
【导语】本文针对周末短途旅行提出交通方式选择的建议，强调根据目的地特点合理选择出行工具：乡村或山区步行，享受自然；城市优先公共交通，避免停车困扰，自由出行；骑自行车环保健康，适合年轻人；避免自驾，减少拥堵和污染。最后呼吁无论选择何种方式，安全第一，并指出合理选择能让旅程更美好。
1．根据“When you go somewhere, choosing the proper transportation is really important.”可知，此处需要引出下文的具体建议，选项G“这里有一些建议供你参考。”符合语境，故选G。
2．根据“Don’t drive a car.”和“Walking is a good choice when you travel to a village or visit some places with mountains.”可知，此处强调用步行替代开车，选项E“只是步行而不是开车。”符合语境，故选E。
3．根据“Many people usually like to travel by bike, especially the young.”可知，此处需点明段落主题“骑自行车”，选项B“骑自行车。”符合语境，故选B。
4．根据“They think they can also exercise in this way.”可知，此处需补充骑自行车的双重好处，选项F“这不仅对健康有益，而且对环境也有好处。”符合语境，故选F。
5．根据“Mostly, cities offer lots of information and clear maps about the public transport...It can also provide you with good chances to enjoy the beautiful sights.”可知，此处需说明公共交通的优势，选项D“它能让你在城市自由出行。”符合语境，故选D。
12.（2025·山东济南·一模）阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
On February 28, 2025, China and Pakistan made a historic decision. They signed an agreement to send the first Pakistani astronaut to China’s Tiangong space station. 1
Under the agreement, Pakistani astronauts will take a year-long. rigorous (严格的) training program in China next year. 2 After the training, one Pakistani astronaut will be selected to join Chinese astronauts on a mission to the space station, which orbits (绕轨道飞行) about 400 kilometers above the earth.
Pakistan’s Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) has already chosen five candidates, including military personnel and civilians. SUPARCO Chairman, Muhammad Yousuf Khan, said this is a great step for Pakistan’s space program. 3 Chinese astronaut Ye Guangfu, who has been to space, is looking forward to working with the Pakistani team and sharing his knowledge.
China has always followed the principles of “peaceful use, equality, and mutual benefit” in space exploration (探索). By sharing the space station, 4 A Chinese official said this cooperation (合作) will bring new opportunities for scientific research and technological advancement worldwide.
5 Firstly, it strengthens the friendship between China and Pakistan. Secondly, it sets a good example for other developing countries in space exploration. By working together, we can learn more about space and make the world a better place. We hope that such teamwork will lead to a brighter future in space exploration.
A．This agreement is truly meaningful.
B．They will face many physical and mental tests.
C．He also praised China’s expertise (专业知识) in space technology.
D．When people hear about it, they were completely shocked.
E．This means a new period of space cooperation between the two countries.
F．China is encouraging more countries to explore space together.
G．Other countries will make more effort to build bigger space stations in the near future.
【答案】1．E 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国和巴基斯坦在太空探索方面的合作，特别是关于巴基斯坦宇航员将前往中国天宫空间站的历史性决定。
1．根据后文“They signed an agreement to send the first Pakistani astronaut to China’s Tiangong space station.”可知，此处提到了中巴签署协议送巴基斯坦宇航员去中国天宫空间站，这是一个重要的合作事件。选项E“这意味着两国太空合作的新时期”符合语境，承接上文，说明这一协议的重要性。故选E。
2．根据前文“Under the agreement, Pakistani astronauts will take a year-long, rigorous training program in China next year.”可知，此处提到巴基斯坦宇航员将在中国接受为期一年的严格训练计划，那么接下来应该具体说明训练的内容。选项B“他们将面临许多身心测试”符合语境，进一步解释了训练计划的严格性。故选B。
3．根据前文“SUPARCO Chairman, Muhammad Yousuf Khan, said this is a great step for Pakistan’s space program.”可知，此处是巴基斯坦空间与上层大气研究委员会主席对这次合作的评价，认为这对巴基斯坦的太空计划是一大步。选项C“他还赞扬了中国在空间技术方面的专业知识”符合语境，继续表达了主席对中国空间技术的认可和赞扬。故选C。
4．根据前文“By sharing the space station”可知，此处提到中国通过分享空间站来进行太空合作，那么接下来应该说明这种合作的目的或意义。选项F“中国鼓励更多国家共同探索太空”符合语境，说明了中国分享空间站的目的。故选F。
5．根据后文“Firstly, it strengthens the friendship between China and Pakistan. Secondly, it sets a good example for other developing countries in space exploration.”可知，此处列举了这次合作的意义和好处，说明这次合作是非常重要的。选项A“这个协议真的很有意义”符合语境，概括了下文的内容。故选A。
13.（2025·山东济南·一模）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It can be really embarrassing if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it! 1
You probably know that thinking is good for the brain. 2 Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work.
When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self-confidence. For example, using phrases like “You can do this!” can make a big difference. 3 Researchers put them into two groups: one group that said nothing while playing, and the other that talked to themselves while playing. They found that the self-talkers showed more confidence and played better than those in the silent group.
Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings. “Talking to yourself in the third person is like giving yourself advice,” said Jason Moser, a professor (教授) from a university. Moser uses himself in an example. 4 So when he is feeling nervous or afraid during a flight (航班), he talks to himself. “Well, you know, Jason knows air travel is very safe. And Jason has been on thousands of flights.” This can help us to see things in a different way, especially when we’re feeling sad or angry.
5 Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things—reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else read and listening to a recording of oneself reading. They found that those who read out loud recalled the information the best. It’s because the information will probably become a long-term memory if it is said out loud.
A．Self-talk also helps to improve memory.
B．Talking to yourself actually has a lot of benefits.
C．Improving memory is quite necessary for learning.
D．Talking to yourself helps to communicate with others.
E．He does not like flying, but he has to fly often for his work.
F．A study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches.
G．It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings.
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．F 4．E 5．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了自言自语的好处。
1．根据上文“It can be really embarrassing if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it!”及下文介绍自言自语的好处可知，此处承上启下，引出主题，选项B“自言自语实际上有很多好处。”符合语境。故选B。
2．根据上文“You probably know that thinking is good for the brain.”并结合选项可知，此处主要介绍思考的好处，选项G“它帮助我们做一些事情，比如制定计划和管理我们的感受。”符合语境。故选G。
3．根据下文“Researchers put them into two groups…They found that the self-talkers showed more confidence and played better than those in the silent group.”可知，此处介绍一项研究，选项F“一项研究邀请了72名网球运动员参加一些比赛。”符合语境。故选F。
4．根据上文“Moser uses himself in an example.”以及下文“So when he is feeling nervous or afraid during a flight (航班), he talks to himself.”可是，Moser不喜欢乘坐飞机飞行，选项E“他不喜欢坐飞机，但为了工作他不得不经常坐飞机。”符合语境。故选E。
5．根据下文“Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things…It’s because the information will probably become a long-term memory if it is said out loud.”可知，此处与自言自语能提高记忆力有关，选项A“自言自语也有助于提高记忆力。”符合语境。故选A。
14.（2025·山东枣庄·一模）Sixteen years old Alkut Dilxat became the youngest Chinese climber to reach the summit (山顶) of Qomolangma on May 19, 2024.
The boy from Urumqi, capital of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, arrived at South Base Camp in Nepal, on the southern slope of the world’s highest mountain, on April 15,2024．He completed 28 days of acclimatization (适应) on May 10. And several days later, he was told that the conditions were suitable. 1
On May 19, breathing heavily, Alkut stepped onto the long summit ridge. 2 Alkut broke a record set last year by Xu Zhuoyuan, a 17-year-old girl from Hunan Province.
“ 3 ” Alkut said. “Reaching the summit of Qomolangma is the dream of many climbers including me. I feel very happy that I realized my dream.”
Alkut began to learn rock climbing at 7, skiing at 8 and ice climbing at 9. 4 He is head of the outdoor rescue (救援) team at the Xinjiang Mountaineering Sports Service Center.
Alkut’s father said, “He wanted to realize his dream independently (独立地). As a father, I was worried, but as a coach and friend, I wanted to support him more.”
To prepare, Alkut ran 10 kilometers every morning before going to school. 5 He attended an alpine (高山的) skills training class organized by the Chinese Mountaineering Association in August last year.
His father said he was proud when he received a call from Alkut at the summit. “His ability to control safety risks has improved, and his understanding of nature has been enhanced (增强),” he said.
A．He climbed his first mountain at the age of 10 with his father.
B．He set off with about 10 experienced adult climbers.
C．I felt very tired at the summit!
D．Finally, he reached the top of the world.
E．I was told climbing Qomolangma is dangerous.
F．I was very excited at the summit!
G．He took professional training on weekends.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．F 4．A 5．G
【导语】本文主要讲述了16岁的Alkut Dilxat于2024年5月19日成为最年轻的登上珠穆朗玛峰的中国登山者。
1．根据“He completed 28 days of acclimatization on May 10. And several days later, he was told that the conditions were suitable.”可知，天气条件合适后，他与队友出发登顶。故选B“他与大约10名经验丰富的成年登山者一同出发了。”符合语境。故选B 。
2．根据“On May 19, breathing heavily, Alkut stepped onto the long summit ridge.”和“Alkut broke a record...”可知，他最终成功登顶。选项D“最后，他终于到达了世界的顶端”符合语境。故选 D 。
3．根据“I feel very happy that I realized my dream.”可知，他登顶时非常兴奋。选项F“我在顶峰上非常兴奋！”符合语境。故选F。
4．根据“Alkut began to learn rock climbing at 7, skiing at 8 and ice climbing at 9.”可知，Alkut在7岁时开始攀岩，8岁时开始滑雪，9岁时开始攀冰。选项A“他10岁时和父亲一起爬了他的第一座山。”符合语境。故选 A 。
5．根据“To prepare, Alkut ran 10 kilometers every morning before going to school.”可知，为了做准备，Alkut每天早上上学前跑10公里。选项G“他在周末接受专业培训。”符合语境。故选 G。
15.（2025·陕西咸阳·一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Without the sun, no living things can live on the earth. 1 . At the same time, it helps your body get vitamin (维生素) D．However, you may feel tired after spending long hours in the sun. 2 Here are some reasons to explain it.
The first one is that your body doesn’t want to heat up. 3 . If you feel too tired in the sun, it must be a sign that it’s time to take a rest and cool down.
4 . When you sweat (出汗) a lot, your body loses water. As a result, your blood becomes thicker, which makes it hard for your heart to send blood. And it means that less O2 will be sent to your body. The low level of O2 will make you feel even more tired. This is also why you should drink water after doing sports.
And another reason is sunburn, which is your skin’s way to fight against the UV (紫外线) in the sunlight. 5 . And this is also tiring for your body. So, staying in the sun too long easily leads to tiredness.
As you can see, the sun is both 专题11 阅读七选五
题型解读｜模板构建｜真题试炼
根据文章内容从7个选项中选出 5项填入文中相应的空白处，使补全后的文章意思通顺，前后连贯。
话题：题材广泛,包括服饰、日常生活娱乐与媒体、饮食、医疗健康与运动、爱好、住房与家庭等。
考点：主要考查考生对文章架构、整体内容和篇章衔接知识的运用。
一．答题步骤
第一点:答题前应先速读全文，理解文章主旨和文章框架。切忌边看文章边作答。
第二点:作答时应先细读每个选项,注意填的选项与上下文语义是否衔接、逻辑是否连贯。
第三点:每选择一个选项，都要确保其他选项均不能填入该空格处。
第四点:作答完成后，还应再次通读全文,检查填的选项是否正确。
一．看位置·定类型
句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：
挖空位置 逻辑关系 具体解读
段首题 主旨句 常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。
承上启下句 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
段中题 例证关系 前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is to say等。
转折关系 若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有： but, however, yet, while/though/although, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, in contrast/comparison, by comparison等。
因果关系 表示因果关系的标志词语有：so, therefore, thus, consequently(结果), as a result (of), so/such ...that ..., so that ...等。
递进关系 若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, likewise, similarly, what's more, what's worse, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not ... but ..., not only ... but also等。
并列关系 表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), second(ly); first, then/next; to begin with, some ... others ...; for one thing, for another thing; then/next, finally/last等。
段尾题 总结句 用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
承上启下句 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
二．由类型·定技法
主旨概括题
主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感态度。这类题常以考查段落标题为主，设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：①概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；②段落标题。
解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主旨大意，然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。
语段过渡题
语段过渡题所涉及的句子是过渡句，具有承上启下的作用，该题型主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其设空位置比较灵活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解这类题通常可采用位置判断法。
如果设空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与之衔接，并结合本段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。
如果设空位于段中，重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；如果还没有把握，再分析该段的中心句。
如果设空位于段尾，在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时，可考虑与下一段开头之间的衔接。仔细阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与所选选项紧密连接起来。
细节线索题
细节线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。解答这类试题经常用到的方法有：分析上下文语境、分析逻辑关系、根据承上启下关系推断、根据并列递进关系推断、根据转折关系推断、同词复现、根据同畴词推断等。
方法1 分析上下文语境
在做阅读补全题目时,首先要通读全文,根据上下文语境判断设空处想要表达的意思,进而确定答案。
例 Do you ever wish you had more time Everyone gets the same amount of time each day. But here are ways to use those hours better. As a popular saying says, “Work smarter, not harder.”
The most important way to manage your time is to set priorities(优先事项). 1 Also, consider whether or not they are urgent—if they need to be done right away. It can be easy to forget important tasks that aren't urgent, so make time for them.
...
A.Think about the time of day you work best.
B.That way I can make sure I don't forget anything.
C.Figure out(弄明白) which of your tasks is the most important.
D.Often, managing time means saying no to things that aren’t so important.
E.Meetings also tend to be a waste of time, so avoid them whenever possible.
方法2 分析逻辑关系
句子之间的逻辑关系包括并列、递进、转折、因果等。可以通过and, then, not only...but also..., but, however, though, because, so等词确定。
例 ...
Write down what you need to do and when. I keep two to-do lists: one for the present tasks and one for
larger projects I'm working on. 3 And I don't get discouraged by looking at a long list of items I
can't finish. I focus on the shorter list of each day's tasks.
...
(选项同方法1例题)
方法3 根据承上启下关系推断
Suppose you’re in London and trying to find the bus to take you to Hyde Park. This should be easy. But if you can’t speak the language, it can be a problem. What will you do 1 Know the place you want to go.You can always tell others the name of the place where you want to go……. Whatever it is, if you do a little homework to remember its name, you can ask the way much more easily.
A. Here is some advice on how to ask the way in a foreign country.
B. Take a map or a picture.
What is health “Health” means eating well, getting enough exercise, and having a healthy weight. Let’s read the following rules. 1 .Eat different kinds of foods, especially fruit and vegetables. We all know that eating fruit and vegetables can help us stay healthy, …… Remember that we can only get the nutrition(营养) we need by eating different kinds of foods, especially fruit and vegetables.
A. They include a lot of sugar.
B. They can help you keep healthy.
You've been learning words since you were a tiny baby. At first, you learned them only by hearing other people talk. Now that you're a reader, you have another way to learn words. What should you do when you come to a word and you think you don't know what it means？ 1 Say itFirst, sound it out. Then say it to yourself．…… Sometimes you know a word in your head but you don't know what it looks like in print. So if you match up what you know and what you read ─ you have the word!
A. You can find the word in a dictionary.
B. Following some easy steps can help you.
方法4 根据并列递进关系推断
Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people, try out new skills and explore career choices. 1 Take Andrew Makhoul, a student at the University of Pennsylvania, as an example. Andrew didn’t spend his last spring break relaxing. Instead, the 19-year-old boy decided to do something for people who were less lucky than himself. He travelled to an orphanage(孤儿院) in Guatemala in Central American……. And it depends on volunteers to stay open.
A. It is a chance for poor children to get better care and support.
B. For young adults, valuable lessons may also be learned through volunteering.
方法5根据转折关系推断
You may have already forgotten the days when you had to learn how to use chopsticks. Every Chinese kids struggles with them for some time. 1 They come with their own special rules and traditions.
A. How Chinese kids learn to use chopsticks
B. But chopsticks are not just simple tools to pick up food.
When you are a teenager, it seems that every time you say, “I want to……” , your parents answer, “ No, you can’t.” Teenagers often think they should be allowed to make their own decisions, 1 Li Hai, a 15-year-old boy from Huarong, is a middle school student. He is often late for school because he stays up too late……. Unless he arrives at school on time, he will be punished by his teacher.
A. he will argue with his father or mother.
B. but their parents may worry about children’s development.
方法6 同词复现
Li Enhui said in an interview,“As long as we are alive, there are no problems that cannot be solved, and many people don't have my experiences. 1 Such an idea makes many adults feel embarrassed.
A.“Poor students” are usually hard-working and caring.
B. And these experiences make me grow and become better.
Stay clean. No one likes a bad smell that could knock someone over. Shower every day, brush your teeth and wash your hair. 1 Be respectful of people's differences. 2 And everyone believes in different things. It is a good thing to have different friends with different opinions because you can each share your own.
A. Starting a new life might make you excited.
B. Everyone has his or her own opinion of the world.
C. You are supposed to make yourself look clean and tidy, whatever you wear.
方法7.根据同畴词推断
As one of the world top universities, Stanford has many subjects that stand among the top ones in the world. 1 If you want to study computer in a university abroad, maybe it is your best choice.
A. The tallest building is Stanford is Hoover Tower.
B. And computer science has been the first for many years.
另外，我们还可以根据以下六种关系进行推断：近义词、反义词；派生词；解释关系；因果关系；举例；概括总结。
二．快捷解题技法
一序一忌看四点
在考场上，我们不但要拼解题的准度，还要拼解题的速度，所以本讲我们给考生介绍一种快捷的解题技法——一序一忌看四点。
一序：先看七、再读文，快捷准确有针对
关于做题顺序，是先读文段，还是先看七个选项，大多数人倾向于先读文段。但是，笔者还是建议先看七个选项，再读短文。先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常有三个位置：段首、段中、段尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征，有时有的选项本身表述就是错误的，可以直接从备选项中清除，以降低难度。
一忌：“选一个、划一个”，这个方法不足取
解答阅读七选五题目最大的风险就是容易出现连环错！假如做题时，我们选一个，划掉一个，美其名曰：逐步缩小包围圈。方法虽妙，但倘若前面我们错选了一处，那么就会导致多处错选。
因此我们做题时要特别忌讳“选出一个划掉一个”，以避免造成一错再错，产生连环错误，特别是那些句子结构相同、句意相近的选项更是需要我们三思而定。
看四点：体裁、指代、连贯词，重复信息有价值
1．看文段体裁，用好鲜明特征
从近年高考所选材料来看，其体裁基本是说明文和记叙文。说明文的特征是主题鲜明、层次清晰，语篇特征非常明晰。记叙文则以故事发展脉络为主线，为了有趣，常常会出现一些比较特别的记叙手法，因而会增加理解的难度。
2．看代词指代，寻根还需溯源
英语是一门非常讲究简洁的语言，所以在篇章中代词的运用很多，用于指代上文已经提到过的人、物或者整个事件。追根溯源，找到指代与被替代关系，会大大加快我们解题的速度。
3．看上下连贯，捕捉文段脉络
上下连贯是好的篇章的特点，常常靠“起承转合”来实现。“起”就是开端，或提出主题或吸引读者关注主题；“承”就是承接上文加以申述；“转”就是转折，指出问题或困难；“合”则是给出解决问题的方法或建议。这些特征在说明文和议论文中尤为明显。
4．看重复信息，把握内在联系
篇章是相对完整的一个语义体，自然而然会有很多割裂不开的内在联系。这些联系常常靠同义词、近义词、反义词或者借助词性的变化来重复体现，而这些重复信息的存在，又为我们提供了良好的解题契机。
（2024昆中考）
You may be too busy to notice the wonderful world where you live. Taking time to know your own town or city can help you see it in a new light. With the warm weather outside, now is a good time to go exploring (探索) with a trusted adult. ___1___
◆Act like a tourist.
Many times, when you live in a place, you never really explore some of the most exciting parts that a visitor might. Start by asking yourself this question: ___2___ Maybe you can visit a historic building, a nice park, or a new ice cream store.
◆Consider local attractions (景点).
First, do some research online and talk to an adult about where to go. ___3___ A local museum or zoo might have a new exhibit. You might also head to a national park for a hike.
◆ ___4___
With an adult’s guide, look up walking tours for a whole new way to explore your city. Some cities offer walking tours focused on a theme, like food or local parks. You can also search for free self-guided walking tours in your area.
◆Take a photography (摄影) walk.
___5___ Pick a theme for your photos, like special dishes, local waterways, or lovely birds. And at the end of the day, you can look back on all your explorations.
A. Find out a guided tour.
B. Here is how to get started.
C. Go bike riding in a local park.
D. Then try to think about which place is the best to explore.
E. If I have never been to the town before, when is the best time to explore
F. If my friends came to town for the first time, where would I advise them to go
G. Another way to see where you live with fresh eyes is to go exploring with your camera.
1.（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）When winter comes, cranes migrate (迁徙) from northeast Siberia in Russia to Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province, China. 1 However, climate change has influenced the birds’ living conditions.
In some years, the Poyang Lake experiences floods, while in others, it experiences dry weather. 2
To help deal with the problem, the local government has planted 70 hectares (公顷) of lotus roots (莲藕) in Nanchang. 3 The birds’ population has risen from about 3, 000 to more than 5,000 over the past 20 years.
Over the years, China has worked hard to protect migratory birds. Recently, 1,140 places in the country have been taken as important breeding (繁殖) grounds, wintering grounds and migratory stops. 4 They play a key role in cleaning water, preventing floods, and keeping the balance of the environment.
5 The law sets rules to help manage wetlands. And it stops harmful activities, including giving out waste water. Thanks to these efforts, China has reported more birds wintering in the wetlands.
A．Most of them are wetlands.
B．We need more people to count the birds.
C．About 95% of the birds spend winter there.
D．It’s important for us to do something to protect them.
E．In this way, they provide food during the winter for the cranes.
F．Both of these lead to the problem that there isn’t enough food for cranes.
G．To protect wetlands, the Wetlands Protection Law was introduced on June 1, 2022.
2.（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项多余。
Pan Yuzhen, 77, is an inheritor (继承人) of the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) of Miao embroidery (刺绣) in Southwest China’s Guizhou Province. Pan has often been a guest on the International fashion stage. 1
“ 2 Since I was five years old, I have learned embroidery from my mother and sister. Miao embroidery methods are complicated (复杂的), but I have finally mastered all of them.” Pan said. “I can embroider clothes for myself and family.”
Pan’s daughter Zhang Yanmei was born in 1977. She suffered from poliomyelitis (小儿麻痹症) at the age of three. Because her family is so poor, 3 She traveled to many cities including Shanghai, Beijing and other places by train. Zhang remembered that her mother was always back home in a hurry and brought some candies and new clothes to her, but she never complained about her hardship.
In 1999, Zhang went to Beijing to join her mother after graduation from high school to do business while learning embroidery. 4 she met many foreign friends there. “They advised me to go abroad and sell embroidery products. I went to the United States to do business related to Miao embroidery from 2006 to 2016.” Pan said.
Pan also went to the UK to join in all kinds of fashion show activities. Pan said. “When the foreigners saw these products 5 Miao embroidery is the pride of our Chinese people.”
A．Due to the family’s heavy financial burden (经济负担).
B．At that time, Pan had a stall (摊位) in Panjiayuan Antique (古玩) Market.
C．who were interested in Miao embroidery.
D．She has been famous for these experiences.
E．Pan began to sell Miao embroidery products around the country.
F．they rushed to take photos with the Chinese embroiderer.
G．The girls in my hometown can embroider with needles (针) from a very young age.
3.（2024·陕西·中考真题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rain forests are forests that get a lot of rain. It can rain more than one inch (=2. 54 cm) per day! There are tropical (热带的) rain forests all over the world. 1 They are very warm.
The Amazon is in South America. It is the biggest rain forest in the world. More than half of the rain forest is in Brazil. 2
Many plants and animals live in the Amazon. There are more kinds of plants and animals there than anywhere else in the world. The biggest mix of plants and animals live in the canopy (遮篷). 3 The canopy keeps off most of the sunlight. The rain forest floor is very dark.
4 There are more than 400 different native tribes (土著部落)! Native people used to stay in the rain forest. They found food and built homes there. They made medicine from plants. Now they sometimes leave. They go into nearby towns to sell food. Still, they live in their own ways.
Today, the Amazon is faced with the problem of deforestation. This means that too many trees are cut down by humans and 5 What can we do to protect the rain forest and the wildlife there
A．The canopy is a thick coat of trees.
B．They are found near the equator (赤道).
C．it brings harmful results to the wildlife in the Amazon.
D．it makes more space for the animals in the Amazon to live in.
E．They have found some wildlife near the equator.
F．The rest spreads across eight other countries.
G．People live in the Amazon too.
1.（2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“You have to drink eight cups of water.” I believe everyone has received the advice and been told the importance of it. 1 That’s because the advice is probably wrong.
According to the research published in the Journal of Science, most healthy adults don’t need to drink eight cups of water every day. What will happen if you have eight cups of water a day 2 You probably just need to make more trips to the bathroom.
Some people may ask, “Where does the suggestion come from ” In 1945, the US National Research Council suggested that adults should drink around 1.9 liters of water each day. The suggestion referred to a person’s total daily intake of water, including water from the food. 3 They believed that people should drink eight cups of water daily according to the suggestion.
According to the research, each person’s water requirements are different. A person’s size and body fat greatly influence his daily water requirements. 4 In general, our water requirements reach the top between the ages of 20 and 50. This is because how much water we require depends partly on the body’s metabolism (新陈代谢) and how many calories we burn each day.
So, how much water should we actually drink every day 5 Just drink whenever we’re thirsty. Remember to stay away from sugary drinks. They can cause health problems.
A．However, it’s OK if you fail to do it.
B．The research also showed that our water requirements change with age.
C．But many people misunderstood the suggestion.
D．In fact, we don’t need to work out how much water we need.
E．It won’t do you any good or harm.
F．About two million people around the world are suffering from water shortages.
G．Many health experts suggest drinking 8 glasses of water per day as a general guideline.
2.（2025·山东济南·模拟预测）Have you ever tried to hide your emotions from someone during a conversation 1 Scientists from the Ohio State University have found that people are able to tell other people’s emotions according to the changes in the color of their faces.
Scientists studied pictures of people’s facial expressions. 2 For example, happiness makes our faces red around the cheeks and a little blue around the chin. Disgust (厌恶) creates not only a blue-yellow color around the lips, but also a red-green color around the nose and forehead.
“We believe these color patterns are the result of small changes in blood flow triggered (触发) by the central nervous system”, a researcher Alex Martinez said.
3 Does the color alone or also the facial expressions help people tell others’ emotions
To figure this out, scientists added color patterns to pictures of faces that showed no facial expressions. 4 They were able to tell the emotions seventy-five percent of the time without any difficulty.
5 For example, when two people are heatedly arguing over something, we say they are red in the face. When a person is very angry, we say he or she is blue in the face.
A．But this raises a question.
B．There are many facial expressions on the face.
C．It is shown that human emotions are influenced by colors on the face.
D．They found that every facial expression is connected to a certain color.
E．It’s not always easy, because the colors on your face may tell the truth.
F．Then, volunteers were asked to tell what emotions the faces were showing.
G．This is why there are some Chinese sayings that connect emotions to the color of one’s face.
3.（2025·陕西西安·一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
That one looks like a rabbit. Or is the larger one a whale Whatever shape they take, they’re clouds. 1 The following can help you know more about them.
●Clouds are floating (浮动的) water.
Clouds are made of small water drops. 2 They stay together around a tiny piece of dust (尘埃) or salt. How small are cloud drops A shoebox of clouds might hold millions of cloud drops.
●Clouds are heavy.
3 And water is heavy. The water in an average cotton-ball cloud may weigh as much as a group of elephants.
●Things live in clouds.
Have you ever dreamed of living on a cloud It would probably be cold and wet, with no place to sit down. But weather balloons have discovered insects inside clouds as high as 20 miles above the earth. 4 Airplane pilots have ever found butterflies at 10,000 feet.
●Clouds don’t last.
Clouds are always changing. They form and then change into gas soon. They are changing shapes as the wind blows them across the sky. Will the shapes stay long Some big clouds can hang around all day. 5
So take a look at the cloud before it disappears—what does that cloud look like
A．What are the types of clouds
B．So what are clouds, exactly
C．But some small soft clouds often last 10 minutes.
D．Clouds are very important for many reasons.
E．Most of the insects inside clouds are blown there by the wind.
F．Clouds look light and soft, but they hold much water.
G．Each drop is made of many flying water molecules (分子).
4.（2025·山东济南·一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you have clothes in your wardrobe that you never wear Do you keep things in your cupboards that you never use Do you have books on your shelves that you never open And what about the mess on the floor 1 If the answer to these questions is yes, then you’re not alone. Most of us have too many things.
People with untidy, cluttered (凌乱的) rooms have untidy minds. 2 This makes them unhappy. There is no doubt that too many things are bad for us and we have to change.
Now, imagine this bedroom: a white floor, a bed, a wardrobe, a desk and a chair. That’s all. It looks calm and relaxing. This is the minimalist style (简约主义). Minimalists believe that they don’t have to own a lot of things to be happy. 3
You are probably asking at this point “Do I have to throw away all my favorite things ” 4 A minimalist room is too extreme (极端) for most people, and personal things like photos and books are comforting and help us to feel at home. 5 Consider this simple rule: if you don’t use something for longer than 6 months, get rid of it. You have to regularly tidy and sort out all the things in your room. After regular decluttering (定期清理), you’ll have more space in your wardrobe and cupboards. No more “You must tidy your room!” from your parents! Your room will look more spacious (宽敞的) and you’ll feel free.
A．Of course the answer is that you don’t.
B．Actually, they enjoy their messy room.
C．They try to live with only necessary things.
D．But regular decluttering isn’t a bad idea.
E．Why do you keep so many things in your room
F．Is it difficult to find things when you need them
G．They can feel stressed and they find it difficult to relax.
6.（2025·陕西西安·二模）
There are many deserts on the earth. 1
What are deserts like
Deserts can be hot and dry places. Rain may not fall there for months or years. Some deserts are sandy and stony. Deserts can also be very windy places. The wind can change the shape of the deserts. It moves sand around from place to place.
2 During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40°C even in the shade (阴凉处). At night, deserts can become very cold. In winter, there may even be a frost in the early morning.
Living in the desert.
The camel is sometimes called “the ship of the desert”. It stores food in its hump and can go for days without water. 3 Its long eyelashes (睫毛) keep out the sand during sandstorms.
An oasis is an area of the desert where water may be found. The water may be in pools or under the ground. People and animals visit an oasis for water and food. Plants grow at an oasis. Some farmers are able to grow crops (庄稼) here.
4
The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. In some parts of the desert, it is too hot for people to live. 5 It has made some countries in the area very rich. Much of the money has been spent building fine cities with lovely parks and lakes, and people there live a comfortable life.
A．Oil was discovered under parts of the desert and in the Arabian Gulf.
B．The Sahara Desert.
C．And the followings are some facts about deserts you may find interesting.
D．It has large feet which help it not to fall into the sand.
E．It is dangerous to walk alone in the desert.
F．Temperatures in the desert can be quite different.
G．The Arabian Desert.
7.（2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots of people have never seen snakes, but they are afraid of them. 1
To find out the answer, scientists put pictures with snakes, pandas, flowers and many other things in front of people of all ages. People found snakes faster than flowers. In fact, it wasn’t just snakes. Even babies found “black faces”, like spiders, faster than safe things like flowers. 2
Why do people fear snakes 3 However, they said that even if they were not actually bitten by snakes. They got scared when they hear the shouting or see the faces of those people who met snakes.
So why is it important whether we are afraid of snakes or not 4 People protect animals they like, not animals they fear. Snakes may not be as cute as pandas, but they’re just of the same importance to the environment. They eat insects and mice. So when we kill snakes simply because we are scared of them, we’re breaking the balance.
5 To answer this question, scientists did another study recently. Some volunteer students went on a field trip. With the help of safety tips, everyone could safely touch and hold a snake. The result is that snakes aren’t so bad or scary. If you like, snakes even became some students’ favorite animals.
A．Where can people see snakes
B．Maybe we are born to be afraid of them.
C．Some people were bitten by snakes.
D．Where does the fear come from
E．Are the snakes as scary as people think
F．The answer is important to snakes.
G．Most of them weren’t bitten by snakes.
8.（2025·陕西西安·一模）
There are many modern role models in our country. Many of us know about Qian Xuesen, Yuan Longping, Zhang Guimei, Nan Rendong and Gu Fangzhou, but do you know Fan Jinshi—“the daughter of Dunhuang”—is also a modern role model She is an archaeologist (考古学家). Do you know what an archaeologist does
1 . So people call them history’s detectives*. They collect information, use scientific methods and study data to understand past events. Archaeologists study man-made objects and human remains (遗迹) from the past. 2 . But how do archaeologists work
First, archaeologists need to find a site. Some sites are on the surface, 3 . They use technology, such as satellite images, to find them.
Next, archaeologists start to dig with great care. They try to find objects from the past, such as tools, bones, artworks and buildings, then dig them out carefully. To protect these remains, archaeologists use special tools, like knives, picks (镐) or brushes.
After this, archaeologists study these remains. They want to answer questions, such as: who made this object, when and why 4 .
Archaeologists work with other scientists and museums to bring history back to life. Through their careful work, 5 .
*Detectives are the people whose jobs are to discover what has happened in a crime or other situation. Some detectives work in the police station and others work privately.
A．what do archaeologists work for
B．Archaeologists are like detectives
C．They can find the answers very easily
D．but others are underground or even underwater
E．These objects help them make sense of human history
F．Their study helps us understand how people lived in the past
G．we are able to learn new, important things about historic cultures
9.（2025·陕西渭南·一模）Scientists have created an underwater robot and it can tell different kinds of pollution at the bottom of the sea. 1 . It can also give them a chance to remove the things that can cause the most harm to the environment.
The robot weighs nearly 100 pounds and uses special cameras to take 3D pictures. It was created by a team at Skarv Technologies.
2 . First, the robot swam up and down in rows at about six feet above the lake bed, collecting information with the special cameras. Then a computer turned the information into a map, which showed different kinds of rubbish in different colors.
A total of 3,894 objects (物品) were found in the lake and divided into different kinds. “There’s too much rubbish,” a member of the Skarv Technologies team told New Scientist. “ 3 .”
It is not always possible for clean-up teams to remove all the rubbish they find underwater, besides, 4 . The robot will be used to help the teams find the most harmful things. And the teams spend their time, efforts and money in removing them first. “Glass isn’t really polluting,” said Fossum. “So if you know there’s an area with a lot of glass, 5 . Instead, you should pay more attention to the things that are putting heavy metals (金属) into the environment.”
Besides helping to check the pollution, the robot can also tell the positions of animals in the sea. It can avoid hurting the animals while the clean-up teams remove the rubbish.
A．There’s somewhere around 165 to 300 tons of rubbish in the lake
B．The robot can clean the rubbish on the ground on its own
C．there is something more important to clean
D．The researchers put their work to the test at a lake
E．it still needed to be tested
F．you probably can ignore (忽视) that
G．The robot will help clean-up teams find the rubbish
10.（2025·陕西渭南·一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are more than 400,000 kinds of plants on Earth. Some plants are as big as tall buildings. 1 Plants are an important part in nature because they can give out oxygen (氧气). All animals need it for breathing.
What is a plant Most people can find the differences between an animal and a plant. 2 What makes a plant Like animals, plants are living things with lots of cells (细胞). Unlike animals, plants make their own food with water, CO and sunlight. 3 and most plants reproduce by growing flowers and making seeds.
4 For most animals, genes (基因) control their growth. That means when they are small, it’s easy to know what they will look like after they grow up. Plants are different. Genes controlled their growth too, 5 For example, a tree can be big and round if it grows up in an open space, but taller and thinner if it grows with many other trees around it. Plants can’t move from one place to another, so it is important for them to fit in (适应) the place they live.
A．but their final shapes may be different because of the place they live.
B．Others are as small as rice.
C．What can plants provide for us
D．Most plants have roots, stems (茎), and leaves,
E．How does a plant grow
F．so plants can only live in warmer places.
G．That is because animals can move around, but plants can’t.
11.（2025·陕西渭南·一模）Nowadays, many people would like to go outside for a short trip on weekends. Before they actually go out, one thing they have to think about is how to get to the place they plan to go. When you go somewhere, choosing the proper transportation is really important. 1
Don’t drive a car.
2 Walking is a good choice when you travel to a village or visit some places with mountains. You can slow down to enjoy the beautiful views along the roads. That’s the thing you’re not able to do well in a car. That’s really enjoyable and relaxing.
3
Many people usually like to travel by bike, especially the young. They think they can also exercise in this way. 4 Just feel the wind and riding bikes can also make less pollution.
Choose public transport.
If you travel to a city, try to take public transport. You needn’t worry about the problem of parking. Mostly, cities offer lots of information and clear maps about the public transport. 5 It can also provide you with good chances to enjoy the beautiful sights.
No matter what transportation you choose, you must remember that safety comes first. Choosing a proper one will make your journey more wonderful.
A．Without them, you will get lost in the city.
B．Ride a bike.
C．Take a shared taxi.
D．It can make you travel in the city freely.
E．Just take a walk instead of driving a car.
F．It is not only good for health but also for the environment.
G．Here are some suggestions for you.
12.（2025·山东济南·一模）阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
On February 28, 2025, China and Pakistan made a historic decision. They signed an agreement to send the first Pakistani astronaut to China’s Tiangong space station. 1
Under the agreement, Pakistani astronauts will take a year-long. rigorous (严格的) training program in China next year. 2 After the training, one Pakistani astronaut will be selected to join Chinese astronauts on a mission to the space station, which orbits (绕轨道飞行) about 400 kilometers above the earth.
Pakistan’s Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) has already chosen five candidates, including military personnel and civilians. SUPARCO Chairman, Muhammad Yousuf Khan, said this is a great step for Pakistan’s space program. 3 Chinese astronaut Ye Guangfu, who has been to space, is looking forward to working with the Pakistani team and sharing his knowledge.
China has always followed the principles of “peaceful use, equality, and mutual benefit” in space exploration (探索). By sharing the space station, 4 A Chinese official said this cooperation (合作) will bring new opportunities for scientific research and technological advancement worldwide.
5 Firstly, it strengthens the friendship between China and Pakistan. Secondly, it sets a good example for other developing countries in space exploration. By working together, we can learn more about space and make the world a better place. We hope that such teamwork will lead to a brighter future in space exploration.
A．This agreement is truly meaningful.
B．They will face many physical and mental tests.
C．He also praised China’s expertise (专业知识) in space technology.
D．When people hear about it, they were completely shocked.
E．This means a new period of space cooperation between the two countries.
F．China is encouraging more countries to explore space together.
G．Other countries will make more effort to build bigger space stations in the near future.
13.（2025·山东济南·一模）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It can be really embarrassing if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it! 1
You probably know that thinking is good for the brain. 2 Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work.
When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self-confidence. For example, using phrases like “You can do this!” can make a big difference. 3 Researchers put them into two groups: one group that said nothing while playing, and the other that talked to themselves while playing. They found that the self-talkers showed more confidence and played better than those in the silent group.
Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings. “Talking to yourself in the third person is like giving yourself advice,” said Jason Moser, a professor (教授) from a university. Moser uses himself in an example. 4 So when he is feeling nervous or afraid during a flight (航班), he talks to himself. “Well, you know, Jason knows air travel is very safe. And Jason has been on thousands of flights.” This can help us to see things in a different way, especially when we’re feeling sad or angry.
5 Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things—reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else read and listening to a recording of oneself reading. They found that those who read out loud recalled the information the best. It’s because the information will probably become a long-term memory if it is said out loud.
A．Self-talk also helps to improve memory.
B．Talking to yourself actually has a lot of benefits.
C．Improving memory is quite necessary for learning.
D．Talking to yourself helps to communicate with others.
E．He does not like flying, but he has to fly often for his work.
F．A study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches.
G．It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings.
14.（2025·山东枣庄·一模）Sixteen years old Alkut Dilxat became the youngest Chinese climber to reach the summit (山顶) of Qomolangma on May 19, 2024.
The boy from Urumqi, capital of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, arrived at South Base Camp in Nepal, on the southern slope of the world’s highest mountain, on April 15,2024．He completed 28 days of acclimatization (适应) on May 10. And several days later, he was told that the conditions were suitable. 1
On May 19, breathing heavily, Alkut stepped onto the long summit ridge. 2 Alkut broke a record set last year by Xu Zhuoyuan, a 17-year-old girl from Hunan Province.
“ 3 ” Alkut said. “Reaching the summit of Qomolangma is the dream of many climbers including me. I feel very happy that I realized my dream.”
Alkut began to learn rock climbing at 7, skiing at 8 and ice climbing at 9. 4 He is head of the outdoor rescue (救援) team at the Xinjiang Mountaineering Sports Service Center.
Alkut’s father said, “He wanted to realize his dream independently (独立地). As a father, I was worried, but as a coach and friend, I wanted to support him more.”
To prepare, Alkut ran 10 kilometers every morning before going to school. 5 He attended an alpine (高山的) skills training class organized by the Chinese Mountaineering Association in August last year.
His father said he was proud when he received a call from Alkut at the summit. “His ability to control safety risks has improved, and his understanding of nature has been enhanced (增强),” he said.
A．He climbed his first mountain at the age of 10 with his father.
B．He set off with about 10 experienced adult climbers.
C．I felt very tired at the summit!
D．Finally, he reached the top of the world.
E．I was told climbing Qomolangma is dangerous.
F．I was very excited at the summit!
G．He took professional training on weekends.
15.（2025·陕西咸阳·一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Without the sun, no living things can live on the earth. 1 . At the same time, it helps your body get vitamin (维生素) D．However, you may feel tired after spending long hours in the sun. 2 Here are some reasons to explain it.
The first one is that your body doesn’t want to heat up. 3 . If you feel too tired in the sun, it must be a sign that it’s time to take a rest and cool down.
4 . When you sweat (出汗) a lot, your body loses water. As a result, your blood becomes thicker, which makes it hard for your heart to send blood. And it means that less O2 will be sent to your body. The low level of O2 will make you feel even more tired. This is also why you should drink water after doing sports.
And another reason is sunburn, which is your skin’s way to fight against the UV (紫外线) in the sunlight. 5 . And this is also tiring for your body. So, staying in the sun too long easily leads to tiredness.
As you can see, the sun is both your enemy and friend. Warming light is good for you, but tiredness shows that your body has too much sunlight in the day.
A．The second reason is lack of (缺乏) water
B．When does the sun make you tired
C．Why does the life-giving star make you tired
D．The sun makes plants grow and produce food
E．So it has to use a lot of energy to cool itself down
F．As a form of protection, your skin turns red
G．Many people enjoy spending a long time in the sun
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