2025年中考英语复习考前冲刺:名词
一.选择题(共20小题)
1.(2025 南通模拟)Learning English in a classroom is important,while using English in real_________will improve your English skills greatly.( )
A.positions B.situations
C.events D.experiences
2.(2025 常州模拟)Thanks to the achievements made by Yuan Longping,rice ________ has been increased greatly.( )
A.population B.contribution
C.production D.introduction
3.(2024秋 庐江县期末)My grandmother had a strong______________on my early childhood.( )
A.information B.influence
C.pronunciation D.technology
4.(2024秋 西青区期末)Maria is always full of because she takes exercise every day.( )
A.energy B.knowledge C.humor D.wealth
5.(2024秋 河东区期末) Mei Lanfang was the to spread Beijing Opera to the world.( )
A.pioneer B.manager C.customer D.relative
6.(2024秋 邗江区期末)—Have you ever heard of the Tang poem A spring morning《春晓》by Meng Haoran?
—Of course,It's about the of spring.( )
A.seasons B.sights C.secrets D.festivals
7.(2024秋 静海区期末)In some places,______ from factories spreads over cities and villages.( )
A.pollution B.wonder C. memory D.ability
8.(2024秋 和平区期末)Before you take the medicine,you have to read the_____,they are very important.( )
A.introductions B.inventions
C.invitations D.instructions
9.(2024 凉州区三模)﹣Did you enjoy yourself at ________ yesterday?
﹣Yes. We sang and danced,and also there was lots of delicious food.( )
A.Mr. Green's B.Mr. Green
C.Mr. Greens' D.Mr. Greens
10.(2024秋 黄浦区期末)It's not safe for teenagers to give too much ________ about themselves on the Internet.( )
A.information B.idea
C.knowledge D.question
11.(2024秋 栖霞区期末)Look at the picture.Millie is practising playing the for the coming art festival.( )
A.drum B.violin C.guitar D.piano
12.(2025 无锡一模)Being honest is the first if you want to make friends with others.( )
A.time B.job C.hand D.step
13.(2025 乐平市模拟)﹣ What do you think of the boy's painting?
﹣ I've never seen a person with a better of art.( )
A.view B.idea C.feeling D.sense
14.(2025 常州模拟)To show Chinese music culture,I think the musical instrument guqin(古琴) is a good______ at the concert.( )
A.career B.choice C.course D.control
15.(2025 太和县一模)—Mom,how often should I take the medicine?
—Follow the _________,Dan.You can find them inside the medicine box.( )
A.methods B.examples
C.traditions D.instructions
16.(2024秋 宁德期末)With good ______,high﹣speed railways of China are famous all over the world.( )
A. technology B.program
C. research
17.(2025 江岸区模拟)—Qi Baishi is a real in the world of art.
—So he is.He is famous for his paintings of shrimps.( )
A.coach B.master C.guard D.manager
18.(2025 南通模拟)Donald John Trump won the 2024 US election and become president successfully by his_______.( )
A.speech B.speak C.speaker D.speed
19.(2025 金牛区模拟)Meng Er Dai,the baby panda in Guangzhou,has quickly increased its ______ which reached 1.23 kg within a month,showing good health and growth.( )
A.weight B.height
C.popularity
20.(2024秋 海陵区期末)Look at the picture,Si Shengsheng will appear at the Spring Festival Gala in 2025 to welcome the Year of the Snake.Its is from traditional culture and represents good luck.( )
A.photo B.design C.family D.decision
2025年中考英语复习考前冲刺:名词
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共20小题)
1.(2025 南通模拟)Learning English in a classroom is important,while using English in real_________will improve your English skills greatly.( )
A.positions B.situations
C.events D.experiences
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】B
【分析】在教室里学习英语很重要,而在真实的境况中使用英语将会大大地提高你的英语技能。
【解答】A位置;B境况;C事件;D经历;结合题干"using English in real_________"在真实的______中使用英语,可知,四个选项中只有B项符合题意,表示状况下,境况下。
故选:B。
【点评】名词的用法比较广泛,要在理解名词意思的基础上,根据具体语境,仔细分析,完成试题。
2.(2025 常州模拟)Thanks to the achievements made by Yuan Longping,rice ________ has been increased greatly.( )
A.population B.contribution
C.production D.introduction
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】C
【分析】由于袁隆平先生的成就,水稻产量大大增加。
【解答】population人口;contribution贡献;production产量;introduction介绍。根据"rice...has been increased greatly"可知,应是水稻产量大大增加。
故选:C。
【点评】理解各个选项的含义,根据上下文的语境进行作答.
3.(2024秋 庐江县期末)My grandmother had a strong______________on my early childhood.( )
A.information B.influence
C.pronunciation D.technology
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】B
【分析】我奶奶对我的早期童年有着很大的影响。
【解答】A.信息;B.影响;C.发音;D.技术。根据句意可知,这里应该是:奶奶对我有很大的"影响",用"influence影响"。
故选:B。
【点评】首先弄明白设空处的汉语意思,然后根据句意和具体用法确定单词或者词组的适当形式,最后作答。
4.(2024秋 西青区期末)Maria is always full of because she takes exercise every day.( )
A.energy B.knowledge C.humor D.wealth
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】A
【分析】玛丽亚总是充满活力,因为她每天都锻炼身体。
【解答】energy活力;knowledge知识;humor幽默;wealth财富。根据because she takes exercise every day"因为她每天都锻炼身体"可知,应该充满"活力"。
故选:A。
【点评】名词的用法比较广泛,要在理解名词意思的基础上,根据具体语境,仔细分析,完成试题。
5.(2024秋 河东区期末) Mei Lanfang was the to spread Beijing Opera to the world.( )
A.pioneer B.manager C.customer D.relative
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】A
【分析】梅兰芳是京剧走向世界的先驱。
【解答】A.先驱;B.经理;C.顾客;D.亲戚。根据常识可知,梅兰芳是京剧走向世界的先驱。
故选:A。
【点评】做此类题,先分析选项,再结合句意和语法,正确作答。
6.(2024秋 邗江区期末)—Have you ever heard of the Tang poem A spring morning《春晓》by Meng Haoran?
—Of course,It's about the of spring.( )
A.seasons B.sights C.secrets D.festivals
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】B
【分析】—你有没有听说过孟浩然的唐诗《春晓》?
—当然,这首诗是关于春天的景色的。
【解答】A季节;B视野,景象;C秘密;D节日。根据Have you ever heard of the Tang poem A spring morning《春晓》by Meng Haoran?(你有没有听说过孟浩然的唐诗《春晓》?)可知,此处是这首诗是关于春天的景色的。
故选:B。
【点评】要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
7.(2024秋 静海区期末)In some places,______ from factories spreads over cities and villages.( )
A.pollution B.wonder C. memory D.ability
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】A
【分析】在一些地方,来自工厂的污染扩散到城市和村庄。
【解答】pollution污染;wonder奇迹;memory记忆;ability能力。根据"from factories"来自工厂,可知此处指来自工厂的污染扩散到城市和村庄。
故选:A。
【点评】分析各个选项的词义,结合句意,选择正确答案。
8.(2024秋 和平区期末)Before you take the medicine,you have to read the_____,they are very important.( )
A.introductions B.inventions
C.invitations D.instructions
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】在你吃药前,必须阅读说明书,它们很重要.
【解答】introductions介绍,inventions发明,invitations邀请,instructions说明.根据题意,在吃药前必须阅读说明书,可知,只有instructions符合题意.
故选:D.
【点评】掌握名词的含义和用法,根据题意选出正确答案.
9.(2024 凉州区三模)﹣Did you enjoy yourself at ________ yesterday?
﹣Yes. We sang and danced,and also there was lots of delicious food.( )
A.Mr. Green's B.Mr. Green
C.Mr. Greens' D.Mr. Greens
【考点】专有名词;名词所有格.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】﹣﹣你们昨天在Green先生家玩得开心吗?
﹣﹣是的.我们唱了歌,跳了舞,还有许多美味的食物.
【解答】结合语境可知空格处指"Green先生家",要使用名词所有格,某某先生直接在Mr后加姓氏即可,非s结尾的单词,直接在词尾加's即可.
故选:A.
【点评】此题考查名词的所有格.
10.(2024秋 黄浦区期末)It's not safe for teenagers to give too much ________ about themselves on the Internet.( )
A.information B.idea
C.knowledge D.question
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】A
【分析】青少年在互联网上提供太多关于自己的信息是不安全的。
【解答】information信息;idea主意;knowledge知识;question问题。根据"about themselves on the Internet"可知,此处是"提供太多关于自己的信息是不安全的"。
故选:A。
【点评】要抓出关键词结合句意选择合适的一项。
11.(2024秋 栖霞区期末)Look at the picture.Millie is practising playing the for the coming art festival.( )
A.drum B.violin C.guitar D.piano
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】A
【分析】看这幅画。米莉正在为即将到来的艺术节练习敲鼓。
【解答】A.鼓;B.小提琴;C.吉他;D.钢琴。根据图片可知此处是敲鼓,应是playing the drum敲鼓。
故选:A。
【点评】 考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
12.(2025 无锡一模)Being honest is the first if you want to make friends with others.( )
A.time B.job C.hand D.step
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】如果你想和别人交朋友,诚实是第一步.
【解答】分析句子,结合选项,推测意思是如果你想和别人交朋友,诚实是第一步.A时间,B工作,C手,D步骤.
故选:D.
【点评】解答这类试题时,务必充分理解句子的语境和逻辑关系,找到解题的依据,同时正确区分选项的细微差别,准确作答.
13.(2025 乐平市模拟)﹣ What do you think of the boy's painting?
﹣ I've never seen a person with a better of art.( )
A.view B.idea C.feeling D.sense
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】D
【分析】﹣﹣你觉得那个男孩的画怎么样?
﹣﹣我从来没有见过一个有更好艺术感的人。
【解答】考查名词。A景色,B想法,C感觉,D感觉,结合语境"﹣﹣你觉得那个男孩的画怎么样?﹣﹣我从来没有见过一个有更好艺术___的人。"可知,应该是"感觉".feeling侧重于我们自身的感觉是主观的.sense侧重于道理,是客观存在的.这里指艺术感用sense。
故选:D。
【点评】名词的用法比较广泛,要在理解名词意思的基础上,根据具体语境,仔细分析,完成试题。
14.(2025 常州模拟)To show Chinese music culture,I think the musical instrument guqin(古琴) is a good______ at the concert.( )
A.career B.choice C.course D.control
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】B
【分析】为了展示中国音乐文化,我认为在音乐会上古琴是一个很好的选择。
【解答】career 事业;choice选择;course课程;control控制。根据"To show Chinese music culture…at the concert."(为了展示中国音乐文化,在音乐会上……)可知,在音乐会上展示中国音乐文化,the musical instrument guqin(古琴乐器),古琴这种乐器应该是一种选择。
故选:B。
【点评】考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
15.(2025 太和县一模)—Mom,how often should I take the medicine?
—Follow the _________,Dan.You can find them inside the medicine box.( )
A.methods B.examples
C.traditions D.instructions
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】D
【分析】——妈妈,我应该多长时间吃一次药?
——遵循说明,丹。你可以在药盒子里找到它们。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A方式;B例子;C传统;D说明,根据句意,吃药应该遵循说明。
故选:D。
【点评】首先弄明白所缺失部分的汉语含义,然后根据具体语境确定单词或者短语,最终确定具体的形式作答。
16.(2024秋 宁德期末)With good ______,high﹣speed railways of China are famous all over the world.( )
A. technology B.program
C. research
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】A
【分析】凭借良好的技术,中国的高速铁路闻名世界。
【解答】A.技术;B.项目;C.研究。根据high﹣speed railways of China are famous all over the world.(中国的高速铁路闻名世界。)可知,此处是凭借良好的技术。
故选:A。
【点评】要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
17.(2025 江岸区模拟)—Qi Baishi is a real in the world of art.
—So he is.He is famous for his paintings of shrimps.( )
A.coach B.master C.guard D.manager
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】B
【分析】—齐白石是艺术界的一位真正的大师。
—他确实是。他以画虾而闻名。
【解答】 "coach "是 "教练 ", "master "表示 "大师、能手 ", "guard "是 "守卫 ", "manager "是 "经理 ",根据He is famous for his paintings of shrimps.(他以画虾而闻名。)可知齐白石在艺术界是大师。
故选:B。
【点评】仔细分析句子的结构,掌握一些名词的含义。
18.(2025 南通模拟)Donald John Trump won the 2024 US election and become president successfully by his_______.( )
A.speech B.speak C.speaker D.speed
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】A
【分析】唐纳德 约翰 特朗普凭借他的演讲成功赢得2024年美国大选并成为总统。
【解答】A.speech演讲,名词;B.speak说,动词;C.speaker演讲者,名词;D.speed速度,名词;根基Donald John Trump won the 2024 US election(唐纳德 约翰 特朗普赢得了2024年美国大选)可知应说唐纳德 约翰 特朗普凭借他的演讲成功赢得2024年美国大选并成为总统。
故选:A。
【点评】仔细分析句子的结构,掌握一些名词的含义。
19.(2025 金牛区模拟)Meng Er Dai,the baby panda in Guangzhou,has quickly increased its ______ which reached 1.23 kg within a month,showing good health and growth.( )
A.weight B.height
C.popularity
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】A
【分析】广州的熊猫宝宝萌二代体重迅速增加,一个月内达到了1.23公斤,显示出良好的健康和成长状况。
【解答】A.体重;B.身高;C.受欢迎程度。根据which reached 1.23 kg within a month,showing good health and growth.(一个月内达到了1.23公斤,显示出良好的健康和成长状况。)可知,此处是广州的熊猫宝宝萌二代体重迅速增加。
故选:A。
【点评】要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
20.(2024秋 海陵区期末)Look at the picture,Si Shengsheng will appear at the Spring Festival Gala in 2025 to welcome the Year of the Snake.Its is from traditional culture and represents good luck.( )
A.photo B.design C.family D.decision
【考点】名词词义辨析.
【答案】B
【分析】看这张照片,Si Shengsheng将在2025年的春节联欢晚会上亮相,迎接蛇年。它的设计源自传统文化,并代表着好运。
【解答】A照片;B设计;C家庭;D决定。根据from traditional culture and represents good luck.(源自传统文化,并代表着好运。)可知,此处是它的设计源自传统文化,并代表着好运。
故选:B。
【点评】要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
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