2025年中考英语复习考前冲刺:定语从句
一.选择题(共12小题)
1.(2025 南通模拟)Wechat is a tool can help people talk to friends or share photos and ideas.( )
A.whose B.who C.which D.what
2.(2024秋 静海区期末)The game ______ they like most is Australian football.( )
A. that B.who C. whom D.what
3.(2025 吉林模拟)This is the most interesting book I have ever read.( )
A.which B.that C.who D.what
4.(2024秋 南京期末) Which of the following sentences has a defining relative clause?( )
A.Tan Dun knows how he can make music with water.
B.Tan Dun showed an interest in music when he was young.
C.Tan Dun is a great musician that creates a new type of music.
D.As Tan Dun likes the sounds of nature,he uses them a lot in his music.
5.(2025 郫都区模拟)As the old saying goes,anyone ______ makes no mistakes makes nothing.( )
A. which B.whom C. that
6.(2025 温江区模拟)The documentary showed how the firefighter saved the lives really moved me.( )
A.which B.who C.whose
7.(2024秋 宁德期末)﹣﹣Do you know a Chinese rocket scientist named Wang Yongzhi______passed away on June 11th,2024?
﹣﹣Yes.He is the pride of China.( )
A. which B. what C.who
8.(2025 武侯区模拟)The Ig Nobel Prizes were given to some funny studies ________ make people laugh,then think.( )
A.that B.whose C.who
9.(2025 青羊区模拟)The singer is famous for his songs express a strong feeling of missing hometown.( )
A.who B.that C.whose
10.(2024秋 厦门期末)Duolingo is a useful app offers many language courses.( )
A.which B.who C.whose
11.(2024秋 延边州期末) Kung Fu Panda is a cartoon gives people something to think about.( )
A.that B.who C.whom
12.(2025 东辽县一模)﹣Do you know the astronaut Wang Yaping?
﹣Sure!She is a great woman______sticks to her dream.I really look up to her.( )
A. where B.who C.which
二.单词拼写(共1小题)
13.(2023 桃源县模拟)﹣﹣﹣﹣What kind of movies do you like?
﹣﹣﹣﹣ I prefer movies give me something to think about.
三.根据汉语提示完成句子(共5小题)
14.(2024 播州区二模)宗庆后是一位对员工很负责的企业家。
Zong Qinghou is an entrepreneur very responsible for his employees.
15.(2024 黔东南州二模)能歌善舞的苗族人民大部分居住在贵州。
The Miao people talented in singing and dancing mostly live in Guizhou Province.
16.(2024 遵义二模)袁隆平是一位帮助中国人民摆脱饥饿的伟大科学家。
Yuan longing is a great scientist Chinese people to live without hunger.
17.(2024 沿河县一模)人而无信,不知其可也。
People no credit do not know what is possible.
18.(2024秋 黔东南州期末)中国是第三个将人送入太空的国家。
China is the third nation a person into space.
四.句型转换(共2小题)
19.(2024 天祝县三模)I borrowed a book from the library.It was newly published.(改为定语从句)
The book I borrowed from the library newly published.
20.(2024 金川区三模)I need the book.Your sister bought it in the nearby bookstore. (改为含有定语从句的句子)
I need the book your sister in the nearby bookstore.
2025年中考英语复习考前冲刺:定语从句
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共12小题)
1.(2025 南通模拟)Wechat is a tool can help people talk to friends or share photos and ideas.( )
A.whose B.who C.which D.what
【考点】关系代词which引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】C
【分析】微信是一个能帮助人们和朋友交谈或分享照片和看法的工具。
【解答】本题包含一个定语从句,先行词是tool,空格上应填一个代替先行词且在从句中作主语的关系代词。whose引导定语从句时,在从句中作定语,指代人或物;who引导定语从句时,在从句中作主语或宾语,指代人,which引导定语从句时,在从句中作主语或宾语,指代物;what不能引导定语从句。因此本题正确答案是C。
故选:C。
【点评】本题考点是定语从句,解题前要先分析定语从句中缺少的成分,再根据每个选项的用法选出正确答案。
2.(2024秋 静海区期末)The game ______ they like most is Australian football.( )
A. that B.who C. whom D.what
【考点】关系代词that引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】A
【分析】他们最喜欢的游戏是澳大利亚足球。
【解答】A.代词,指代人或物;B.代词,指代人;C.代词,指代人,在从句中作宾语;D.代词,引导宾语从句。根据the game(游戏)可知,此处先行词为名词,在从句中作动词like(喜欢)的宾语,因此用that指代。
故选:A。
【点评】根据定语从句语法规则选择恰当连词补全句子。
3.(2025 吉林模拟)This is the most interesting book I have ever read.( )
A.which B.that C.who D.what
【考点】关系代词that引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这是我曾经读过的最有趣的书.
【解答】答案:B.which "哪/那一个,哪/那一些 " ,that"那,那个" who"谁,什么人", what "什么,多么,多少".是连接代词,可用于宾语从句中,不能用于定于从句中,that,which 和who在定语从句中做关系代词,指代人或物. that和which主要在定语从句中做主语或宾语,指代物;who在定语从句中做主语,指代人;当先行词是或被序数词,最高级,不定代词修饰时,关系词用that不用which.因句中有the most interesting book,"最有趣的书.",故空格是that.由提干"这是我曾经读过的最有趣的书."可知,股答案选择B.
【点评】本题考查了代词的用法,在熟知所供词的基础上,根据句意,判断出正确答案.
4.(2024秋 南京期末) Which of the following sentences has a defining relative clause?( )
A.Tan Dun knows how he can make music with water.
B.Tan Dun showed an interest in music when he was young.
C.Tan Dun is a great musician that creates a new type of music.
D.As Tan Dun likes the sounds of nature,he uses them a lot in his music.
【考点】关系代词that引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】C
【分析】下列哪个句子有定语从句?
【解答】选项A,"Tan Dun knows how he can make music with water"的意思是"谭盾知道如何用水制作音乐"。选项B,"Tan Dun showed an interest in music when he was young"的意思是"谭盾年轻时对音乐感兴趣"。选项C,"Tan Dun is a great musician that creates a new type of music"的意思是"谭盾是一位创造了一种新型音乐的伟大音乐家"。选项D,"As Tan Dun likes the sounds of nature,he uses them a lot in his music"的意思是"由于谭盾喜欢大自然的声音,他在音乐中大量使用它们"。"that creates a new type of music(创造了一种新型音乐)"是一个定语从句,它修饰并定义了"musician(音乐家)",说明了这位音乐家的特点或成就。
故选:C。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意掌握定语从句的定义,选出正确答案。
5.(2025 郫都区模拟)As the old saying goes,anyone ______ makes no mistakes makes nothing.( )
A. which B.whom C. that
【考点】关系代词that引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】C
【分析】正如古老的谚语所说,任何不犯错误的人将一事无成。
【解答】A.which,关系代词,引导先行词指物的定语从句;B.whom,关系代词,引导先行词指人的定语从句,且在从句中作宾语;C.that,关系代词,引导先行词指人或物的定语从句。本题先行词anyone(任何人)指人,关系代词在从句中作主语,考虑用that引导。
故选:C。
【点评】 对于此种题型,要辨清每个选项的意义,结合语境方能正确答题。
6.(2025 温江区模拟)The documentary showed how the firefighter saved the lives really moved me.( )
A.which B.who C.whose
【考点】关系代词which引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】A
【分析】这部纪录片展示了消防员如何拯救生命,真的让我感动。
【解答】考查定语从句的引导词。which在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代物;who在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代人;whose在定语从句中作定语,指代人或物。分析句子可知先行词是"the documentary",指物,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导定语从句。
故选:A。
【点评】本题考查定语从句的引导词。
7.(2024秋 宁德期末)﹣﹣Do you know a Chinese rocket scientist named Wang Yongzhi______passed away on June 11th,2024?
﹣﹣Yes.He is the pride of China.( )
A. which B. what C.who
【考点】关系代词who引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】C
【分析】﹣﹣你知道一位名叫王永志的中国火箭科学家在2024年6月11日去世了吗?
﹣﹣是的。他是中国的骄傲。
【解答】本题考查定语从句的引导词。which在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代物;what不能引导定语从句;who在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代人。分析可知定语从句中缺少主语且指代人,因此正确答案是C。
故选:C。
【点评】本题考查定语从句的有关知识。
8.(2025 武侯区模拟)The Ig Nobel Prizes were given to some funny studies ________ make people laugh,then think.( )
A.that B.whose C.who
【考点】关系代词that引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】A
【分析】搞笑诺贝尔奖颁发给一些令人发笑并引发思考的有趣研究。
【解答】that引导定语从句,先行词为人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;whose引导定语从句,先行词为人或物,在从句中作定语;who引导定语从句,先行词为人,在从句中作主语或宾语。此句为定语从句,先行词为studies,指物,且从句中缺少主语。
故选:A。
【点评】熟悉关系代词的用法,结合题意,给出答案。
9.(2025 青羊区模拟)The singer is famous for his songs express a strong feeling of missing hometown.( )
A.who B.that C.whose
【考点】关系代词that引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】B
【分析】这位歌手以他表达强烈思乡之情的歌曲而闻名。
【解答】who谁,引导定语从句,先行词指人;that那,引导定语从句,先行词指物指物;whose谁的引导宾语从句,作定语。根据his songs...express a strong feeling of missing hometown.(可知空格处单词引导定语从句,修饰先行词songs(歌曲);songs是某物,且引导词在从句中作主语,不可省略,应用that来引导。
故选:B。
【点评】考查关系代词that引导定语从句,应牢记其含义和用法,结合语境答题。
10.(2024秋 厦门期末)Duolingo is a useful app offers many language courses.( )
A.which B.who C.whose
【考点】关系代词which引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】A
【分析】多邻国是一款提供多种语言课程的有用应用程序。
【解答】A.代词,指代物;B.代词,指代人;C.代词,表示"谁的"。本题考查定语从句。先行词为名词app(软件),在从句中作主语,因此关系代词用that或which。
故选:A。
【点评】根据定语从句语法规则选择恰当代词补全句子。
11.(2024秋 延边州期末) Kung Fu Panda is a cartoon gives people something to think about.( )
A.that B.who C.whom
【考点】关系代词that引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】A
【分析】Kung Fu Panda是一部让人们有所思考的动画片。
【解答】本题考查定语从句的引导词。that在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代人或物;who在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代人;whom在定语从句中作宾语,指代人。本题先行词是"a cartoon(动画片)",在定语从句中作主语且指物,因此正确答案是that。
故选:A。
【点评】本题考查定语从句的基本用法。
12.(2025 东辽县一模)﹣Do you know the astronaut Wang Yaping?
﹣Sure!She is a great woman______sticks to her dream.I really look up to her.( )
A. where B.who C.which
【考点】关系代词who引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】B
【分析】﹣你认识宇航员王亚平吗?
﹣当然!她是一个坚持自己梦想的伟大女性。我真的很敬佩她。
【解答】where哪里,引导宾语从句;who引导定语从句,先行词指人;which引导定语从句,先行词指物。根据She is a great woman…sticks to her dream.(她是一个坚持自己梦想的伟大女性。)可知,是定语从句,先行词woman(女性)是指人的,所以用who引导。
故选:B。
【点评】考查关系代词who引导限制性定语从句,应牢记其含义和用法,结合语境答题。
二.单词拼写(共1小题)
13.(2023 桃源县模拟)﹣﹣﹣﹣What kind of movies do you like?
﹣﹣﹣﹣ I prefer movies that give me something to think about.
【考点】关系代词that引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】that
【分析】——你喜欢哪种类型的电影?
——我更喜欢那些能让我思考的电影。
【解答】根据句子可知,此句话表达的是某人更喜欢那些能让他思考的电影。因此,这里应该填入一个表示目的或结果的连词。在英语中,"that"常用于引导定语从句,修饰前面的名词"movies(电影)",在从句中作主语。所以,这里应该填入that。
故填:that。
【点评】根据定语从句语法规则选择恰当连词补全对话。
三.根据汉语提示完成句子(共5小题)
14.(2024 播州区二模)宗庆后是一位对员工很负责的企业家。
Zong Qinghou is an entrepreneur who is very responsible for his employees.
【考点】关系代词who引导限制性定语从句;be动词.
【答案】who is
【分析】宗庆后是一位对员工很负责的企业家。
【解答】根据汉语提示和所给部分可知,此句是定语从句,时态应用一般现在时,an entrepreneur(一位企业家)是先行词,并且是人,因此第一空应用关系代词who,作从句的主语;be responsible for表示"对……负责",因此第二空应用be动词,主语是第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,因此be动词用is符合题意。
故填:who is。
【点评】做这类题,要注意分析题干信息,并结合语境答题。
15.(2024 黔东南州二模)能歌善舞的苗族人民大部分居住在贵州。
The Miao people who are talented in singing and dancing mostly live in Guizhou Province.
【考点】关系代词who引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】who are
【分析】能歌善舞的苗族人民大部分居住在贵州。
【解答】分析句子结构可知,空处所在句为定语从句,先行词The Miao people(苗族人民)是人,关系词先行词在从句中充当主语,应用who引导定语从句;be talented in…"在……方面有天赋",为固定词组;时态为一般现在时,主语为复数,所以此处应用be动词are。
故填:who are。
【点评】做这类题,要注意分析题干信息,并结合语境答题。
16.(2024 遵义二模)袁隆平是一位帮助中国人民摆脱饥饿的伟大科学家。
Yuan longing is a great scientist who helps Chinese people to live without hunger.
【考点】关系代词who引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】who helps
【分析】袁隆平是一位帮助中国人民摆脱饥饿的伟大科学家。
【解答】分析句子结构可知此处是定语从句,先行词是scientist(科学家),所以用who引导定语从句。who关系代词,代指主语;help sb.to do sth."帮助某人做某事"。结合句意可知,从句陈述事实,时态是一般现在时,主语是单数,所以此处谓语动词help应该变成第三人称单数形式helps。
故填:who helps。
【点评】做这类题,要注意结合句意,用所给的信息,认真完成翻译。
17.(2024 沿河县一模)人而无信,不知其可也。
People who / that have no credit do not know what is possible.
【考点】关系代词who引导限制性定语从句;语法一致.
【答案】who / that have
【分析】人而无信,不知其可也。
【解答】根据中英文对比及句子结构可知,该句为定语从句;have no credit表示"无信",又因为先行词是people,关系代词用who/that。
故填:who / that have。
【点评】做这类题,要注意结合句意,用所给的信息,认真完成翻译。
18.(2024秋 黔东南州期末)中国是第三个将人送入太空的国家。
China is the third nation that sent a person into space.
【考点】关系代词that引导限制性定语从句;一般过去时.
【答案】that sent
【分析】中国是第三个将人送入太空的国家。
【解答】根据题干可知,此句含有定语从句,先行词是物,关系词在从句中作主语,且先行词被序数词修饰,应该用that引导定语从句;send"送入",时态为一般过去时,动词用过去式。
故填:that sent。
【点评】做这类题,要注意结合句意,用所给的信息,认真完成翻译。
四.句型转换(共2小题)
19.(2024 天祝县三模)I borrowed a book from the library.It was newly published.(改为定语从句)
The book that I borrowed from the library was newly published.
【考点】关系代词which引导限制性定语从句;一般现在时的被动语态.
【答案】that/was
【分析】我从图书馆借了一本书。它是刚出版的。
我从图书馆借了一本刚出版的书。
【解答】根据题干要求,将原句改成含定语从句的句子。book,名词,表示"书",作先行词,用that指代。句子用被动,且用一般过去时,因此第二空格填was。
故填:that;was。
【点评】根据要求改写成对应句子。
20.(2024 金川区三模)I need the book.Your sister bought it in the nearby bookstore. (改为含有定语从句的句子)
I need the book that/which your sister bought in the nearby bookstore.
【考点】关系代词that引导限制性定语从句;关系代词which引导限制性定语从句.
【答案】that/which;bought
【分析】我需要这本书。你姐姐在附近的书店买的。
我需要你姐姐在附近书店买的那本书。
【解答】分析题干,先行词是book"书",指事物,且在从句中作宾语,关系代词填that或which。从句是一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式bought"买"。
故答案为:that/which;bought。
【点评】分析先行词、关系词,注意时态变化,正确写出答案。
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