【高考真题汇编】热点压轴题专项训练：阅读理解-2025年高考英语（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【高考真题汇编】热点压轴题专项训练：阅读理解-2025年高考英语
（2025·湖北十堰·三模）From fashionable current affairs reports to the distant past, these podcasts (播客) take the mystery out of history.The Rest Is History
Two men quietly fill your brain with knowledge in an entertaining way. Tackling everything from the history of the World Cup to significant historical events, the two combine total command of their subjects with much enjoyable silliness and some terrible impressions.Slow Burn
Slow Burn takes deep dives into modern American history. Created by Slate, episodes (集) are hosted by various presenters, and are typically attractive from beginning to end. Often, these are moments in history you’ve already known about, but might never learned about in this much detail before. These seriously in-depth explainers will keep you addicted to an entire learning trip.In Our Time
Running weekly from 1998, the popular show hosted by Melvyn Bragg is more than just a history program. With over 1,000 episodes available to download, it covers many straightforward history topics. However, In Our Time mainly explores the big ideas and philosophical concepts that have shaped humanity.A History of the World in 100 Objects
The excellent bite-size journey through the history of the world initially aired in 2010 and probably wasn’t called a podcast, but it lives on in that form. Narrated by an art historian, it does exactly what the title suggests, serving as a loosely chronological guide to human civilization through the artifacts we have created, from primitive tools to world-famous pieces of art.
1．How does Slow Burn differ from other podcasts
A．It covers unknown American history.
B．It is available for download.
C．It offers details of historic events.
D．It is created by different presenters.
2．Which best suits those who want to know about the development of humanity best
A．The Rest Is History. B．Slow Burn.
C．In Our Time. D．A History of the World in 100 Objects.
3．What do we know about A History of the World in 100 Objects
A．It tells history with objects.
B．It is an informal podcast.
C．It focuses on the modern art.
D．It is stated by a famous artist.
（2025·湖南郴州·模拟预测）If you’re eager to boost your fitness levels, or simply explore new athletic activities, consider some exercise courses from the following platforms.YourFitness
YourFitness isn’t just a calorie-tracking app and it also provides a selection of free workout classes. In addition to its core nutrition-monitoring features, users can access workout routines designed to improve overall health. YourFitness caters (迎合) to different fitness goals. There are also payment courses, such as personalized coaching and exclusive workout content.FitPro Vitality
FitPro Vitality offers a blend of free and paid workout classes. The classes span various disciplines, including high-intensity interval training (HIIT), yoga, and strength training. It also offers off-line exercise courses with professional trainers providing on-site guidance.Peloton Trek
Peloton Trek offers a wide range of free workout classes catering to people of all ages. The classes give users a taste of the high-energy workouts Peloton Trek is known for, including cycling, running and strength training. All users gain access to an extensive library of on-demand classes and advanced analytics. The platform’s instructors are highly energetic and motivating.Athleanphere
Athleanphere is a platform dedicated to helping individuals build strength, improve athletic performance, and achieve their fitness goals. All of its workout videos and classes are available for free. For more in-depth training programs, users’ courses are jointly designed by professional trainers and famous athletes with a focus on sports-specific conditioning.
4．What makes YourFitness unique
A．It mainly provides paid classes.
B．It focuses on high-intensity workouts.
C．It incorporates unique training methods.
D．It combines nutrition tracking with exercise courses.
5．What is available to the users of FitPro Vitality
A．Customized yoga clothes.
B．Recordings of on-site training.
C．Personal data on strength training.
D．Face-to-face help and advice from the trainers.
6．What do the last two platforms have in common
A．They offer free courses.
B．They are targeted at young users.
C．They mainly focus on speed training
D．They have some courses designed by famous athletes.
（2025·河南·二模）Are you ready to dive into the mysteries of the ocean without getting wet Blue Planet Aquarium in Copenhagen is the perfect destination for ocean enthusiasts of all ages!
As Northern Europe’s largest and most superb aquarium, the National Aquarium Denmark — Blue Planet has excellent potential to contribute to a better understanding of the secrets of the sea. It replaced the old aquarium in Charlottenlund when it opened its doors in 2013. This decision came about for the purpose of offering a better facility to popularize marine information. It also seeks to help educational institutions in Denmark teach marine science to their students.
Diverse Marine Life
With over 1,000 species of fish and marine creatures, Blue Planet Aquarium is a treasure chest of ocean wonders. From the colorful coral reefs full of clownfish and angelfish to the mysterious depths where sharks and rays swim gracefully, every corner of the aquarium is a new adventure. It is one of the few places in Europe where you can experience sea otters (海獭).
World-class visitor interaction
How do fish hear and see under water And can you talk like a fish
Our award-winning digital exhibition provides visitors with an extraordinary experience by exploring the fascinating and mysterious life under water through education and play. We has also developed an app that allows visitors to find information about the fish they find particularly interesting.
Our interactive touch pools allow visitors to gently touch and feel starfish and small sharks. Visitors will love the opportunity to get close to marine life, while our knowledgeable guides provide interesting facts about these creatures.
Visit Us!
Open daily from 9:30 am to 6:00 pm. Tickets are available online or at the door. Your contribution has a significant impact on Blue Planet and the care of all our animals.
7．What’s one purpose of opening Blue Planet Aquarium in Copenhagen
A．To boost tourism in Copenhagen.
B．To further facilitate marine science education.
C．To serve as a research center for marine scientists.
D．To win an international award in marine conservation.
8．What interactive experience can visitors have at Blue Planet Aquarium
A．Communicating with fish by using a mobile app.
B．Opportunities to swim with starfish and small sharks.
C．Hands-on experiences with specific marine creatures.
D．Interacting with its staff to win the aquarium’s souvenirs.
9．Why does the author write this passage
A．To encourage visits to an aquarium.
B．To introduce an educational program.
C．To explain the development of an aquarium.
D．To advertise for a marine conservation project.
（2025·湖南·模拟预测）Here are some coming events concerning performing and visual arts.
Rhythms Across Continents
Join us for an unforgettable virtual field trip as we explore the world of Flamenco dancing and its surprising connections to African dance traditions! During this 90-minute interactive session, you’ll experience the passion of a Flamenco performance, the charm of live street musicians, and the rhythmic similarities between Spanish and African cultural expressions. We’ll uncover how these art forms connect us across continents and time.
Artist Workshop: Mastering Social Media Videos
Use your ArtSpan Artist workshop code to reveal ArtSpan Member $35 special workshop pricing! This 1-hour virtual workshop is designed to empower artists to create video content for Instagram and TikTok. With the ever-growing emphasis on videos by social media, artists can no longer only rely on images to grow their presence. Whether you’re a beginner or have some experience, this workshop will provide you with actionable strategies to create videos that show your art and attract a wider audience.
Mindful Painting
Join me for an online event that combines the calmness of mindfulness (正念) with the joy of painting. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced artist, this event is for everyone. I will guide you through a mindful painting exercise, help you express yourself and find inner peace through art. Catch this opportunity and get ready to relax! Follow me and join in a creative journey that will leave you feeling refreshed and inspired.
J’Wan Yvette’s Virtual Concert
Join us online for a night filled with amazing music and unforgettable performances by the talented J’Wan Yvette and the special guest Pynk Dymund. Get ready to dance, sing along, and celebrate from the comfort of your own home. Don’t miss out on this special event that will start your New Year’s Eve in style. Buy your virtual tickets now and get ready to party with us!
10．What can you do in the first event
A．Go for an on-site observation.
B．Appreciate different forms of art.
C．Practice traditional African drumming techniques.
D．Discuss the spread of art forms.
11．What can we learn about the Artist Workshop
A．People interested can enjoy a discount.
B．It teaches people to run social platforms.
C．Newcomers may not keep up with the pace.
D．It helps people present arts in a new way.
12．What’s the purpose of the Mindful Painting
A．To increase painting levels. B．To pursue peace of mind.
C．To experience the charm of art. D．To get new artistic skills.
（2025·湖南岳阳·二模）Beijing Central Axis (中轴线) Cycling Tour
Beijing’s Central Axis, formed in the Yuan Dynasty, is over 750 years old. It stretches 7.8 kilometers from Bell & Drum Towers to Yongdingmen, covering 65% of Beijing Old Town. As the highest achievement in the planning and construction of the ancient capital in Eastern civilization, it was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List on July 27, 2024. What heritage sites are threaded together by this axis and what attractions are in the surrounding area Join our cycling tour and have a look. Program
14: 00 Meet at U House Yuanlong Plaza
Walking 20 meters northwards from the Exit A2 at Tiantandongmen Station, Line 5
14: 30 Preparation and Warm-ups
Health kit, bike assignment, helmet checking & safety instructions
14: 45 Starting 20 km Long Central Axis Pedaling Adventure
14 historical and scenic spots with old stories
17: 30 Back to U House
Returning all facilities & Enjoying your coffee at U House
Price
(Based on 8 people minimum. If less than 8 participants, the trip will probably be cancelled. )
500 rmb/ person (Children aged over 12 are allowed to participate. )
* Including:
Professional English-speaking guide
Bike maintenance (维护) and disinfection
One helmet, one bottle of water and one piece of disinfection wipe
Coffee
Insurance
* Excluding: Personal expenses& Tips
13．Where does the Beijing Central Axis end
A．Bell & Drum Towers. B．Yongdingmen. C．Yuanlong Plaza. D．Tiantandongmen.
14．What is a participant of the tour probably doing at 14: 40
A．Walking out of a station. B．Cycling to a scenic spot.
C．Checking the bike brake. D．Riding back to U House.
15．In which of the following situation should you pay extra
A．You tip your tour guide. B．You drink coffee at U House.
C．Your guide introduces scenic spots. D．Your bike breaks down halfway.
（2025·陕西渭南·二模）Recently, Earth grabbed itself a second moon in the form of a newly discovered asteroid (小行星) named 2024 PT5. Unlike the moon, Earth’s primary companion which has accompanied our planet for around 4.5 billion years, this “new mini-moon” will stick around for just two months before it heads back to its home in an asteroid belt following our planet and orbiting the sun.
A team of scientists spotted 2024 PT5 as they routinely monitored newly discovered objects around Earth. “The asteroid paying us a visit belongs to the Arjuna asteroid belt, a secondary asteroid belt made of space rocks that follow the orbit very similar to that of Earth at an average distance to the sun of about 150 million kilometers,” said research lead author Carlos de la Fuente Marcos.
Marcos explained that some of these asteroids in the Arjuna asteroid belt can approach Earth at a close range of around 4.5 million kilometers and at low speeds of around 3,540 kilometers per hour. “Under these conditions, one of these asteroids may be captured by Earth’s gravity and become a temporary moon of Earth. The asteroid 2024 PT5 will undergo this process for about two months,” Marcos added. “It will not follow a full orbit around Earth.”
Mini-moon events come in two flavors. The first is about long episodes during which the asteroid completes one or more revolutions about our planet, with these gravitational engagements (引力作用) lasting one or more years. The second type of episodes is short engagements in which the small body does not complete one full revolution. These temporary captures can last just days, weeks or even a few months. Short mini-moon events are relatively frequent, with several events happening per decade. Long mini-moon events, on the other hand, are rare with Earth experiencing one around every ten or twenty years.
Unfortunately, during its occupation around Earth, 2024 PT5 won’t be visible to the vast majority of sky watchers. “The asteroid is too small and dark for typical amateur telescopes. However, it is well within the brightness range of typical telescopes by professional astronomers,” Marcos said.
16．How long will the asteroid 2024 PT5 stay near Earth
A．Over a decade. B．About two months.
C．Less than a week. D．Around 4.5 billion years.
17．What makes 2024 PT5 a “mini moon” rather than a true moon
A．It lacks a stable orbit around Earth. B．It is smaller than other asteroids.
C．It moves faster than Earth’s moon. D．It reflects too little light to be seen.
18．What writing technique is used to explain mini-moon events
A．Definition. B．Classification. C．Comparison. D．Illustration.
19．What can we infer from Marcos’ words from the last paragraph
A．The asteroid 2024 PT5 is unusually bright.
B．Sky watchers should purchase advanced telescopes.
C．Professional knowledge is needed for asteroid observation.
D．Amateur telescopes are not powerful to observe 2024 PT5.
（2025·内蒙古乌兰察布·二模）Sublingual delivery means delivering medicine under the tongue. This area is not a very common place to deliver drugs, but it is very effective for the drugs to be absorbed quickly into the body.
A Swiss biotech company, BioLingus, has developed sublingual delivery of peptides (肽) and proteins. It has opened the door to non-invasive delivery of many biological drugs that had so far only been taken through injections.
The primary challenge in developing the technique was stabilising the proteins. BioLingus turned to nature to find a solution. The seeds of plants contain a high concentration of proteins, which have to survive and remain complete for years, sometimes in extreme conditions of temperature, moisture, or drought. By mimicking these mechanisms, BioLingus has been able to come up with a way to preserve and stabilise proteins for a very long time at room temperature through advanced bioengineering.
And because of this, sublingual drugs are more adaptable than injection solutions that must usually be refrigerated. In itself, this opens up the possibility for social innovation as well as biological innovation.
Due to the strong stability of BioLingus’ technology, sublingual drugs are very well suited for use in some less developed countries. Biological drugs usually have to be cooled all the way from manufacturing right up to when they reach the patient, and then injected. In many less developed countries, however, effective logistical cold chains are non-existent or not very good. With BioLingus’ sublingual technology, however, the cold chain can be minimised or not needed at all.
In addition, because the drugs can be given orally instead of by injection, complications (并发症) due to infected needles are also prevented. What’s more, although the technology is hi-tech, from a manufacturing perspective it is relatively low-cost. So, the combination of these factors makes it an excellent technology for use in some less developed countries — very much a social innovation.
20．Which of the following inspired BioLingus’ solution to stabilising the proteins
A．Proteins contained in plants.
B．Plants that live in extreme conditions.
C．The ways proteins survive extreme conditions.
D．Seeds growing at a steady and high temperature.
21．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 4 refer to
A．Proteins in injection solutions must be refrigerated.
B．BioLingus came up with a technology through biomimicry.
C．Sublingual drugs are both socially and biologically innovative.
D．Sublingual drugs keep proteins stable for a long time at room temperature.
22．Why is sublingual delivery suited to some less developed countries
A．Because these countries lack effective cold chains.
B．Because it is easier to be accepted in these countries.
C．Because it is less expensive and more high-tech than injection solutions.
D．Because there are more complications due to infected needles in these countries.
23．What is the best title of this passage
A．Inspiration from Nature Transforms How Medicines Work
B．The Challenges Facing the Production of Sublingual Drugs
C．The Promotion of Sublingual Drugs in Developed Countries
D．Proteins in Different Natural Conditions Contribute to Innovation
（2025·河南·二模）It’s almost Christmas Eve, the night when Santa and Rudolph pull the king of all-nighters to deliver their gifts. But what about the rest of the year How do real reindeer manage to get enough sleep One challenge for reindeer is that their habitat is different from most places on the planet: “In winter and in summer, in the Arctic, we either have constant darkness or constant light,” says Gabi Wagner, a neuroscientist at the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research and an author of the study.
“In summer,” says co-author Sara Meier, “they have an open meal and can choose what they like best,” including lichens, mushrooms, and plants. That’s when they really fatten up. In winter, however, “they have to dig through the snow and maybe find some lichen or some grass.” The result, says Wagner, is that “they’re very, very active and lead a rich life during the very short growing season in summer. And they’re very lazy in winter when there isn’t any food.”
Wagner measured the reindeer’s brain waves incessantly for several days straight in the summer, again in the fall, and once again in the winter. “What we found,” says Furrer, a researcher of the study, “was, first of all, they sleep a similar amount of time across the whole year.” Furrer thought maybe something was happening during rumination, the process of chewing their food. “While they chew,” Furrer says, “they are in a body position that is very similar to the one of deep sleep. So they usually have their eyes closed and they are quite still.” They’re like us — they can’t sleep one hour today and then catch up next week. Rather, reindeer need a certain amount of sleep every day.
As scientists look to what’s next, these new findings also echo the traditional wisdom of the Sámi, native people of Norway who have herded (放牧) reindeer for centuries. “Sámi reindeer herders have known all along that the animals need peace to eat and lie down to ruminate.” says Wagner who works with the community, “For the first time, we now have the physiological data that is a requirement for the reindeer.”
24．What is the main reason for reindeer’s special sleep pattern
A．Their huge weight. B．Their eating habits.
C．Their brain structure. D．Their living conditions.
25．Which can best describe reindeer’s life in summer
A．Carefree and inactive. B．Sleepy and exhausted.
C．Colorful and energetic. D．Lazy and demanding.
26．What does the underlined word “incessantly” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Irregularly. B．Casually. C．Infrequently. D．Continuously.
27．Why is Sámi mentioned in the last paragraph
A．To back up the scientific finding. B．To present old herding ways.
C．To introduce new research directions. D．To contrast with the new study.
（2025·山西晋城·二模）It’s impossible to predict when we’re going to die. But if we’re aiming for a long and healthy life, it pays to worry less about our genes (基因) — which we can’t change anyway — and more about our lifestyle and surroundings. That’s the conclusion of a new study published in Nature Medicine.
The study was based on data from more than 490,000 people, all of whom are registered with the UK Biobank, a massive collection of participants’ detailed medical histories. The researchers used this rich data to study the influence of genes and more than 100 environmental and socioeconomic factors on the risk of 22 diseases that make up most of the major causes of death.
To do that, they focused especially closely on a subset of 45,000 people whose blood samples had been subjected to what is known as proteomic profiling: an analysis of thousands of proteins or genes that help determine physical age compared to calendar age.
“We can get an estimation of how quickly or slowly each participant is aging biologically compared to their calendar age,” says lead author Austin Argentieri from Massachusetts General Hospital. “This is referred to as the ‘proteomic age gap’, since it’s the gap in years between protein-predicted age and calendar age.”
Just knowing that age gap, of course, is only part of the picture. Equally important is the cause of that gap. To help determine that, the researchers analyzed people’s many environmental and behavioral exposures that contribute to disease and biological age. These factors include income, neighborhood, employment status, diet, as well as whether people smoke or exercise regularly. To cover the genetic side, researchers looked for genetic markers associated with the 22 key diseases.
The results were striking. Environment and lifestyle accounted for 17% of people’s disease-related risk of dying, compared to just 2% for genetics. Of the various environmental exposures, smoking was the riskiest behavior, linked to 21 diseases; socioeconomic factors such as income, neighborhood were associated with 19 diseases; and a lack of physical activity was linked to 17 diseases.
28．What did the researchers do in their study
A．They analyzed the causes of 22 diseases.
B．They focused on 100 environmental factors.
C．They interviewed more than 490,000 people.
D．They collected blood samples from 45,000 people.
29．Which of the following is the so-called proteomic age gap
A．Protein-predicted age + calendar age. B．Calendar age-Proteomic age gap.
C．Protein-predicted age - calendar age. D．Proteomic age gap - calendar age.
30．Which factor has the biggest effect on our health
A．Diet. B．Income.
C．Physical activity. D．Smoking.
31．What can we learn from the new research
A．Our genes determine our intelligence.
B．Our lifestyles matter more than our genes.
C．It is easy to control the environmental factors.
D．It is vital to monitor some diseases in advance.
（2025·青海西宁·二模）Experts believe that earthquakes may become more intense and closer together as a result of climate change. The melting (融化) of glaciers is speeding up due to global warming. The land that was beneath the melted glacier water rises when it runs off land and into the sea.
Among the most terrible of all natural disasters are earthquakes. While experts can prepare when the major ones will strike, smaller ones can strike seemingly at any time, destroying entire cities and causing smaller disasters like fires, landslides and tsunamis (海啸).
An upcoming rise in sea level along with glacier melt may make future earthquakes more frequent, according to John Cassidy, an earthquake seismologist. The risk of earthquakes caused by glacial retreat (退缩) is less than that of what may be associated with rising sea levels. An increase in sea level results in an increase in underwater pressure on the seabed and therefore on the fault lines near the shore.
According to researchers, many earthquakes that are anticipated soon close to San Francisco and Los Angeles still have late earthquake cycles. Consequently, the geological clock can be moved faster with slightly higher temperatures. It could cause earthquakes in several regions. The stop in sea level rise could take up to a thousand years, even in the event that we immediately stopped using greenhouse gases.
Cassidy is unsure if, at least during our lifetimes, the sea level rise would result in a significant enough change in pressure to precipitate these massive earthquakes. Cassidy underlined that the effects of climate change will increase their risk when they occur. As sea level rises, earthquake-caused tsunamis will extend farther inland. Increased rainfall brought on by warmer waters will enhance the likelihood of landslides caused by earthquakes. As any vibration (震动) in wet ground is far more intensified than in dry ground, rainfall will likewise highlight earthquake shaking. “It’s an important topic, one that I’m sure we’ll see a lot of information coming out on in the coming months and years,” Cassidy said.
32．What aspect of earthquakes is stressed in paragraph 2
A．Their universality. B．Their predictability.
C．Their suddenness. D．Their intensity.
33．What does the text imply about stopping using greenhouse gases right away
A．Earthquakes will be prevented.
B．The sea level rise will stop at once.
C．The geological clock will move faster.
D．Coastal earthquakes may be fewer in the future.
34．What does the underlined word “precipitate” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Reduce. B．Quicken. C．Predict. D．Prevent.
35．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Cassidy is concerned about changes in sea level.
B．Disastrous earthquakes surely suffer from sea level rises.
C．Climate change has no impact on earthquake occurrences.
D．The chance of the secondary effects from earthquakes is low.
（2025·云南曲靖·二模）The spinal cord (脊髓) is the control cable that connects the brain to the rest of the body. If it is severed, people lose the ability to move their body below the site of the injury. But if it is only partly cut, the brain can sometimes adapt to the damage. Some people who are paralysed (瘫痪) by a spinal cord injury can gradually regain at least a limited ability to walk.
Exactly which bits of the brain are involved in this adaptation is not clear. But, in a paper just published in Nature Medicine, a group of researchers led by Jocelyne Bloch of Lausanne University Hospital and Grégoire Courtine at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne shed some light. In doing so, they demonstrate that stimulation (刺激) of the right bits of the brain can produce dramatic and seemingly permanent improvements in the ability of patients to walk again.
“We already knew that changes in the brain were key to regaining walking after a spinal cord injury,” says Dr Courtine. “But we didn’t know which regions were the most important.” To find out, the researchers built detailed maps of the brains of a dozen mice whose spinal cords had been partially severed.
By examining some brains shortly after the injury, and others later, as their animal owners were regaining the ability to walk, the researchers were led to a set of neurons (神经元) in the LH (下丘脑外侧) as the likely factor. That was unexpected, says Dr Bloch, for the LH is best known for being involved with hunger, thirst and other involuntary functions of the nervous system.
To check they were on the right track, the researchers turned to a method of stimulating neurons, deep-brain stimulation (DBS). This involves inserting fine electrodes (电极) into the brain and stimulating neurons with electric currents. As hoped, stimulating neurons in the brains of injured rats over the course of several weeks helped them to regain the ability to walk. The improvements continued even when the current was turned off, with analysis of their spinal cords showing an increased density of neuronal wiring below the site of their injuries.
36．What was the aim of the researchled by Jocelyne Bloch and Grégoire Courtine
A．To show how the spinal cord connects the brain to the body.
B．To figure out which part of the brain is linked to regaining walking.
C．To explain how a spinal cord injury leads to people’s paralysis.
D．To build a map of the brain for those with spinal cord injuries.
37．What was beyond the researchers’ expectation
A．The existence of neurons in LH.
B．The effect of LH on hunger and thirst.
C．The role of LH neurons in regaining walking.
D．The application of DBS in the study.
38．What were the results of DBS in injured rats
A．They managed to walk again.
B．They couldn’t walk without the current.
C．They were seriously injured by the current.
D．They had a lower density of neuronal wiring.
39．What is the best title for the text
A．The Impact of a Spinal Cord Injury. B．The Function of the Spinal Cord.
C．The Prevention Strategies of a Spinal Cord Injury. D．The Benefit of Stimulating Parts of the Brain.
（2025·四川达州·二模）Although daydreaming is often seen as an enjoyable escape from the dull, tough or repetitive aspects of everyday life, the act of “pleasurable thinking” is more challenging and less satisfying than many people might think, according to a growing body of research.
Years ago, Nicholas Buttrick and his team conducted a study. The researchers asked, “Which is more enjoyable: trying to think enjoyable thoughts or doing daily individual activities ” They found that of the 2,557 participants from 12 sites in 11 countries, most people, across cultures, enjoyed engaging in individual activities more than thinking freely and entertaining themselves with their thoughts as best they could. “Participants randomly assigned to do something reported significantly greater gratification than that of participants randomly assigned to think for pleasure, and the results were consistent in every country,” Buttrick concluded.
Recently, a follow-up study led by Erin Westgate, a psychology professor at the University of Florida, investigated why so many people do not choose to think for pleasure, and when directed to do so, struggle to concentrate successfully.
The researchers started by providing participants with specific examples of meaningful topics and then instructed them to think “meaningful” thoughts. Surprisingly, they discovered that asking people to think meaningful thoughts actually made daydreaming much less enjoyable than freely thinking about unguided thoughts. “I was so confused,” Westgate said. But after analyzing which meaningful topics participants reported thinking about when asked to think about something meaningful, she realized that “they were heavy stuff”.
Westgate wants to help people recapture that daydream state, which may boost wellness. Although improving daydream states can be difficult, she recommends priming (指引) the brain to think about topics that are both enjoyable and meaningful.
“It’s something that sets us apart. Thinking for pleasure allows us to imagine new realities,” Westgate said. “But that kind of thinking requires practice. As you build your ability to daydream, you’ll have a source of enjoyable thoughts during stressful times. The next time you’re walking, instead of pulling out your phone, try it.”
40．What is the common understanding of “pleasurable thinking” among people
A．It is a form of relaxation. B．It is a usual daily practice.
C．It is a sign of wasting time. D．It is a hard but rewarding activity.
41．What is the closest meaning to the underlined word “gratification” in paragraph 2
A．Success. B．Boredom. C．Hesitation. D．Enjoyment.
42．Which of the following made Westgate puzzled
A．The research methods.
B．The joy levels of the participants.
C．The participants’ choice of meaningful topics.
D．The lack of a clear definition of “meaningful thoughts”.
43．What advice does Westgate give to people
A．Focusing on new realities.
B．Engaging in physical exercise.
C．Keeping daydreaming during tough times.
D．Daydreaming on both pleasant and significant subjects.
（2025·山西·二模）Rise with the sun and rest at sunset — this was the way of life for our ancestors. Thanks to artificial light, which improves visibility at night, we can enjoy a much safer society and around-the-clock productivity. For wildlife, however, studies have shown it disturbs animals’ natural sleep cycles, affects amphibian (两栖的) reproduction and throws migrating birds off course.
New research in Frontiers in Plant Science investigated how artificial light impacts plant-insect relationships. Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences noticed tree leaves in cities typically showed fewer signs of insect damage than those outside of cities, so they analyzed 5,500 leaf samples from two tree species throughout Beijing. Researchers found more artificial light in a given area meant tougher leaves. And the tougher the leaf, the less evidence of hungry insects. They don’t fully understand why, but assume that trees under artificial light at night might be extending their photosynthesis (光合作用) time.
“Plants distribute their limited resources, such as nutrients, water and energy, among various functions like growth, reproduction and defense, depending on the environment. Light can affect how plants use resources,” says Ellen Cieraad, a plant ecologist from New Zealand. “Since plants use light for growth, artificial night light could be unnaturally increasing the time trees spend on photosynthesis, allocating more resources to chemical compounds that make leaves tougher.”
“If the same applied to leaves of other species, this would be bad news for insects,” researchers said. Changes in plants, and in interactions between plants and animals, can significantly impact the entire urban ecosystem. Herbivorous insects, which rely on leaves for food, may struggle to survive, disrupting the food chain. Fewer herbivorous insects could lead to declines in predators like birds, affecting biodiversity. Insects also play vital roles as pollinators (传粉媒介) and eat decaying plants, helping to break down leaves and returning nutrients to soil. In cities, healthy soil and healthy plant life supported by insects are good for humans, as plants provide shade and reduce heat trapped in cities. Moving forward, researchers are committed to refining their discovery, aiming to guide people to take corresponding actions.
44．What influence does artificial light bring according to the text
A．It toughens tree leaves.
B．It shortens animals’ sleep hours.
C．It illuminates birds’ migrating routes.
D．It increases amphibian reproduction rates.
45．Why is Ellen Cieraad quoted in paragraph 3
A．To raise a concern. B．To introduce a concept.
C．To support an assumption. D．To clarify a misunderstanding.
46．Which of the following best summarizes the phenomenon in paragraph 4
A．Time heals all wounds. B．Nature always finds a way.
C．A chain is as strong as its weakest link. D．A small move may affect the bigger picture.
47．What will the following research probably focus on
A．Approaches to enhancing soil quality.
B．Ways of improving urban biodiversity.
C．Standards for selecting plant species in cities.
D．Solutions to reducing impacts of nighttime light.
（2025·天津·一模）Libraries are my world. I’ve been a patron (老主顾) all my life, and for the past nine years I’ve worked at multiple libraries and archives (档案馆) in and around Detroit. The library as an institution has many roles, but as our country struggles through an economic crisis, I have watched the library where I work evolve into a career and business center, a community gathering place and a bastion (堡垒) of hope.
In the spring of 2007, I got a library internship at the Southfield Public Library (SPL), just north of Detroit. Summers at SPL were usually slow, but that year, we experienced a library that was as busy as science-fair project week, midterms or tax season. Yet patrons weren’t looking for Mosby’s Nursing Drug Reference or tax return forms. They were coming for information on growing their small business.
I interpreted people’s interest in our business collection as the first step to pursuing their dreams, but these patrons were not motivated by dreams. They were responding to reality, and they were looking for Plan B．
Things worsened in 2008, and in 2009 the economic crisis continues to plague (折磨) Michigan. Last year, we put up a display with a variety of job resources that we restocked (补充货源) every hour. Each night when the library closed, the display was bare. While we normally keep displays up for a week, we kept the job resources display up for months.
Then there’s the tightening credit market. People see the writing on the wall and they want to get educated. They can’t afford a financial adviser, but checking books out is free. Some of the most popular titles now are Rich Dad, Poor Dad, Think and Grow Rich, and Suze Orman’s 2009 Action Plan.
The economic downturn affects us all. I have had to work long hours and don’t get to see much of my boyfriend or experience any kind of social life lately, but I am thankful to be in a position where I can help people overcome this struggle. In Michigan, we haven’t lost hope. As long as there are libraries here, there will always be hope.
48．What changes has the current economic crisis brought to the library
A．It has opened its age-old archives to the general public.
B．It has become a center for job and business information.
C．It has evolved into a place for business transactions.
D．It has been turned into a community center by the government.
49．What does the author say about the Southfield Public Library in the summer of 2007
A．It was overflowing with unusual numbers of visitors.
B．It launched a science project series for teenagers.
C．It added many books on business to its collection.
D．It was full of people seeking information on drugs.
50．What can be inferred from people’s strong interest in the library’s business collection
A．They think it is now time to realize their dreams.
B．They want to tide themselves over the crisis.
C．They consider it a trend to start their own business.
D．They are concerned about the worsening economy.
51．Why were there no more job resources on display by the end of the day
A．The library staff could not do the restocking quickly enough.
B．People competed with each other for the jobs listed in the ads.
C．People were much interested in the job resources on display.
D．All the materials on display were free of charge to the jobless.
52．How did the author feel about working in the library
A．She felt contented to be in a position to provide help.
B．She felt pleased to be able to give hope to the jobless.
C．She felt rewarded to have gained a lot of experience.
D．She felt sorry for herself to miss her normal social life.
（2025·天津·一模）Most taxi drivers need a smartphone to get to their destinations. But sharks, it seems, need nothing more than their own bodies — and Earth’s magnetic (磁的) field. A new study suggests some sharks can read Earth’s field like a map and use it to travel long distances with accuracy.
Since the 1970s, researchers have suspected that some fish can detect magnetic fields. But no one had shown that sharks use the fields to find their location or navigate (导航), partly because the animals aren’t so easy to work with. It’s one thing if you have a small fish, or a baby sea turtle, but when you work with sharks, you have to upscale everything.
Bryan Keller, an ecologist at Florida State University, and his colleagues decided to do just that. They lined a bedroom-size cage with wire and placed a small swimming pool in the center of the cage. By running an electrical current through the wiring, they could generate a custom magnetic field in the center of the pool. The team then collected 20 young bonnet — head sharks — a species known to migrate hundreds of kilometers — off the Florida coast. They placed the sharks into the pool, one at a time, and let them swim freely under three different magnetic fields, applied in random succession. One field mimicked (模仿) Earth’s natural field at the spot where the sharks were collected, while the others mimicked the fields at locations 600 kilometers north and 600 kilometers south of their homes.
They used software to track the sharks’ responses, observing which direction in the tank they were trying to swim towards. When the young sharks were exposed to the magnetic field of the place they were captured, or ‘home’, they stayed put. But when subjected to the southern magnetic field, the sharks persistently changed their headings to swim north, as if tying to get back home. This suggests that the sharks were using the magnetic field to guide them, similar to how humans use GPS.
Surprisingly, the researchers found that the sharks didn’t favor any direction when swimming under the northern field. Keller says this might be because they don’t go north of their home location since there is only land there, and so they rarely have to find their way back south again. “This could support the theory that their ability to go back home is a learned behavior,” he says. They might not know what to do in the northern field because “they’ve never been up there.” says Keller.
Keller’s research adds a significant piece to the still-incomplete puzzle of shark biology. Sharks have been declining at an alarming rate due to mostly overfishing and habitat change. Studying the life cycles and migration patterns of sharks can help us understand what areas to protect when managing marine spaces.
53．The comparison between taxi drivers and sharks in the first paragraph serves to ________.
A．highlight the simplicity of sharks’ navigation ability
B．criticize the dependence of human beings on technology
C．introduce the topic with a familiar everyday situation
D．claim sharks’ abilities surpass human inventions
54．Why is it difficult for researchers to prove that sharks can read Earth’s magnetic field
A．Because it’s too hard to follow and observe sharks in nature.
B．Because sharks are fierce and unfriendly to human beings.
C．Because sharks are difficult to study in a laboratory setting.
D．Because most sharks are on the list of endangered species.
55．According to Keller, what might be the reason why sharks don’t favor any direction when swimming under the northern magnetic field
A．They don’t like the climate in the north.
B．They’ve never been to the north of their home before.
C．They learned to do so when they were young.
D．The northern magnetic field was not strong enough.
56．From the passage, we can infer that Keller’s research is significant because it ________.
A．provides a new approach to studying sharks in the ocean.
B．supports the idea that sharks’ migration patters are random.
C．adds crucial information to our understanding of shark biology.
D．suggests that sharks should be protected from overfishing.
57．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Sharks use Earth’s magnetic field to find their way on seas.
B．Researchers discovered a new way to study sharks in labs.
C．Shark populations are declining due to habitat change.
D．Sharks have a learned behavior of returning to their home.
《【高考真题汇编】热点压轴题专项训练：阅读理解-2025年高考英语》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C C A D D A B C A B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 D B B C A B A B D C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D A A D C D A A C D
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 B C D B A B C A D A
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 D B D A C D D B A B
题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57
答案 C A C C B C A
1．C 2．C 3．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍The Rest Is History等四款播客，涵盖历史各领域，以多样形式带听众探索历史奥秘 。
1．细节理解题。根据Slow Burn部分“Often, these are moments in history you’ve already known about, but might never learned about in this much detail before. These seriously in-depth explainers will keep you addicted to an entire learning trip.(通常，这些是你已经知道的历史时刻，但可能以前从未如此详细地了解过。这些非常深入的讲解会让你沉迷于整个学习之旅。)”可知，“Slow Burn”播客的不同之处在于它提供历史事件的细节。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据In Our Time部分“However, In Our Time mainly explores the big ideas and philosophical concepts that have shaped humanity.(然而，《In Our Time》主要探索塑造了人类的重大思想和哲学概念。)”可知，In Our Time最适合那些想了解人类发展的人。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据A History of the World in 100 Objects部分“Narrated by an art historian, it does exactly what the title suggests, serving as a loosely chronological guide to human civilization through the artifacts we have created, from primitive tools to world-famous pieces of art.(由一位艺术史学家讲述，它正如其标题所示，通过我们创造的人工制品，从原始工具到世界著名的艺术品，作为一部大致按时间顺序编排的人类文明指南。)”可知，“A History of the World in 100 Objects”是通过物品讲述历史。故选A。
4．D 5．D 6．A
【导语】文章介绍了四个开设运动锻炼课程的平台。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“YourFitness isn’t just a calorie-tracking app and it also provides a selection of free workout classes.( YourFitness不仅是一款卡路里追踪应用，它还提供一系列免费健身课程。)”可知，YourFitness结合了营养跟踪和锻炼课程，这是它的独特之处。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“It also offers off-line exercise courses with professional trainers providing on-site guidance.(它还提供由专业教练提供现场指导的离线锻炼课程。)”可知，FitPro Vitality提供线下训练课程，由专业老师进行现场指导。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Peloton Trek offers a wide range of free workout classes catering to people of all ages.( Peloton Trek为所有年龄段的人提供广泛的免费健身课程。)”和最后一段第二句“All of its workout videos and classes are available for free.(所有的健身视频和课程都是免费的。)”可知，这两个平台的课程都是免费的。故选A。
7．B 8．C 9．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了哥本哈根的蓝色星球水族馆，包括它的地位、开放目的、馆内多样的海洋生物、世界级的游客互动体验以及开放时间和购票方式等信息。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This decision came about for the purpose of offering a better facility to popularize marine information. It also seeks to help educational institutions in Denmark teach marine science to their students(这一决定的做出是为了提供一个更好的设施来普及海洋信息。它还旨在帮助丹麦的教育机构向学生教授海洋科学)”可知，开设蓝色星球水族馆的目的是提供更好的设施来普及海洋信息，并且帮助丹麦的教育机构向学生教授海洋科学，也就是进一步促进海洋科学教育。故选B项。
8．细节理解题。根据“World-class visitor interaction”部分第二段“Our interactive touch pools allow visitors to gently touch and feel starfish and small sharks. Visitors will love the opportunity to get close to marine life, while our knowledgeable guides provide interesting facts about these creatures(我们的互动触摸池让游客可以轻轻地触摸和感受海星和小鲨鱼。游客们会喜欢这个接近海洋生物的机会，而我们知识渊博的导游会提供关于这些生物的有趣知识)”可知，游客在蓝色星球水族馆可以通过互动触摸池温柔地触摸和感受海星和小鲨鱼，有机会近距离接触海洋生物，也就是对特定的海洋生物有亲身实践的体验。故选C项。
9．推理判断题。根据第一段“Are you ready to dive into the mysteries of the ocean without getting wet Blue Planet Aquarium in Copenhagen is the perfect destination for ocean enthusiasts of all ages!(准备好探索海洋的奥秘却不想弄湿自己吗？哥本哈根的蓝色星球水族馆是各个年龄段海洋爱好者的理想去处！)”、第二段“As Northern Europe’s largest and most superb aquarium, the National Aquarium Denmark—Blue Planet has excellent potential to contribute to a better understanding of the secrets of the sea. It replaced the old aquarium in Charlottenlund when it opened its doors in 2013. This decision came about for the purpose of offering a better facility to popularize marine information. It also seeks to help educational institutions in Denmark teach marine science to their students(作为北欧最大且最卓越的水族馆，丹麦国家水族馆——蓝色星球水族馆在帮助人们更好地理解海洋奥秘方面具有巨大潜力。该水族馆于2013年对外开放，取代了位于Charlottenlund的旧水族馆。这一决策旨在提供更优质的设施来普及海洋知识，同时也致力于辅助丹麦各教育机构开展海洋科学教育)”以及最后一段“Visit Us! Open daily from 9: 30 am to 6: 00 pm. Tickets are available online or at the door. Your contribution has a significant impact on Blue Planet and the care of all our animals(来参观我们吧！每天上午9:30 到下午6:00 开放。门票可在网上或现场购买。你的贡献对蓝色星球水族馆以及我们对所有动物的照料有着重大影响)”可知，文章开头就表明蓝色星球水族馆是各个年龄段海洋爱好者的完美目的地，接着介绍了水族馆的特色，包括多样的海洋生物、世界级的游客互动体验等，最后一段直接呼吁大家去参观。可推理出作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们参观这个水族馆，故选A项。
10．B 11．D 12．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了即将举办的四项与表演和视觉艺术相关的活动。
10．细节理解题。根据Rhythms Across Continents部分中“During this 90-minute interactive session, you’ll experience the passion of a Flamenco performance, the charm of live street musicians, and the rhythmic similarities between Spanish and African cultural expressions.(在这90分钟的互动环节中，你将体验到弗拉门戈表演的激情、街头现场音乐家的魅力，以及西班牙和非洲文化表达之间的节奏相似之处。)”可知，在第一个活动中你可以欣赏到不同形式的艺术。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据Artist Workshop: Mastering Social Media Videos部分中“With the ever-growing emphasis on videos by social media, artists can no longer only rely on images to grow their presence. Whether you’re a beginner or have some experience, this workshop will provide you with actionable strategies to create videos that show your art and attract a wider audience. (随着社交媒体对视频的日益重视，艺术家们不能再仅仅依靠图片来扩大自己的影响力。无论你是初学者还是有一定经验，这个研讨会都将为你提供可行的策略，以创建展示你的艺术并吸引更广泛观众的视频。)”可知，这个艺术家研讨会帮助人们以一种新的方式（通过视频）展示艺术。故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据Mindful Painting部分中“Join me for an online event that combines the calmness of mindfulness (正念) with the joy of painting. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced artist, this event is for everyone. I will guide you through a mindful painting exercise, help you express yourself and find inner peace through art. (加入我的一个在线活动，它将正念的平静与绘画的乐趣结合起来。无论你是初学者还是有经验的艺术家，这个活动都适合每个人。我将引导你进行正念绘画练习，帮助你通过艺术表达自己并找到内心的平静。)”可知，正念绘画活动的目的是让人们通过艺术找到内心的平静，即追求内心的平和。故选B。
13．B 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了北京中轴线骑行之旅，包括中轴线的基本信息、骑行之旅的行程安排、价格及包含和不包含的项目等。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“It stretches 7.8 kilometers from Bell & Drum Towers to Yongdingmen, covering 65% of Beijing Old Town.(它从钟鼓楼延伸到永定门，长7.8公里，覆盖了北京老城的65%)”可知，北京中轴线从钟鼓楼延伸到永定门。因此，北京中轴线的终点是永定门。故选B项。
14．推理判断题。根据文章“Program”部分中的“14: 30 Preparation and Warm-ups(14: 30准备和热身)”，“Health kit, bike assignment, helmet checking & safety instructions(健康包、自行车分配、头盔检查和安全说明)”以及“14: 45 Starting 20km Long Central Axis Pedaling Adventure(14: 45开始20公里长的中轴线徒步探险)”可知，14: 30是准备和热身的时间，会进行健康包、自行车分配、头盔检查和安全说明等活动。由此可以推测，14: 40的时候，参与者可能正在检查自行车刹车等准备工作。故选C项。
15．细节理解题。根据文章“Price”部分中的“Excluding: Personal expenses& Tips(不包括：个人费用和小费)”可知，小费是不包含在价格中的，需要额外支付。因此，如果你给导游小费，你需要额外支付。故选A项。
16．B 17．A 18．B 19．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新发现的小行星2024 PT5将在地球附近停留大约两个月，对这颗小行星的情况进行了说明。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段“Unlike the moon, Earth’s primary companion which has accompanied our planet for around 4.5 billion years, this “new mini-moon” will stick around for just two months before it heads back to its home in an asteroid belt following our planet and orbiting the sun. (月球是地球的主要伴星，已经陪伴地球大约45亿年了。与月球不同的是，这颗“新的迷你卫星”将在地球上停留两个月，然后就会回到它位于小行星带的家，它跟着地球绕太阳运行。)”可知，2024 PT5小行星将在地球附近停留大约两个月。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段“The asteroid 2024 PT5 will undergo this process for about two months,” Marcos added. “It will not follow a full orbit around Earth.” (小行星2024 PT5将经历这一过程大约两个月，”马科斯补充道。“它不会沿着环绕地球的完整轨道运行。”)”可知，2024 PT5是“迷你月球”而不是真正的月球因为它没有一个稳定的绕地球轨道。故选A。
18．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Mini-moon events come in two flavors. The first is about long episodes during which the asteroid completes one or more revolutions about our planet, with these gravitational engagements (引力作用) lasting one or more years. The second type of episodes is short engagements in which the small body does not complete one full revolution. These temporary captures can last just days, weeks or even a few months. Short mini-moon events are relatively frequent, with several events happening per decade. Long mini-moon events, on the other hand, are rare with Earth experiencing one around every ten or twenty years. (迷你月亮活动有两种形式。第一种是关于小行星绕地球一周或多次的长时间事件，这些引力作用持续一年或更长时间。第二种类型的情节是短暂的交战，其中小身体没有完成一次完整的旋转。这些临时捕获可能只持续几天、几周甚至几个月。短暂的小月亮事件相对频繁，每十年发生几次。另一方面，地球每十年或二十年就会经历一次长时间的小月亮事件，这是罕见的。)”可知，通过分类法来解释小月亮事件。故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The asteroid is too small and dark for typical amateur telescopes. However, it is well within the brightness range of typical telescopes by professional astronomers (对于典型的业余望远镜来说，这颗小行星太小、太暗了。然而，它完全在专业天文学家使用的典型望远镜的亮度范围内)”可知，业余望远镜不够强大，无法观测2024 PT5。故选D。
20．C 21．D 22．A 23．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述BioLingus如何从自然中获得灵感，开发舌下给药技术，解决了冷链保存问题，成为一些欠发达国家使用的优秀技术。
20．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The seeds of plants contain a high concentration of proteins, which have to survive and remain complete for years, sometimes in extreme conditions of temperature, moisture, or drought. By mimicking these mechanisms, BioLingus has been able to come up with a way to preserve and stabilise proteins for a very long time at room temperature through advanced bioengineering.(植物的种子含有高浓度的蛋白质，这些蛋白质必须存活并保持完整多年，有时在极端的温度、湿度或干旱条件下。通过模仿这些机制，BioLingus已经能够通过先进的生物工程，在室温下长时间保存和稳定蛋白质)”可知，植物种子中的蛋白质能够在极端条件下长期存活，BioLingus模仿了这些机制，开发出稳定蛋白质的方法，故选C。
21．词句猜测题。第三段最后一句“By mimicking these mechanisms, BioLingus has been able to come up with a way to preserve and stabilise proteins for a very long time at room temperature through advanced bioengineering.(通过模仿这些机制，BioLingus已经能够通过先进的生物工程，在室温下长时间保存和稳定蛋白质)”提到，BioLingus通过生物工程能够在室温下长期保存蛋白质，结合划线词所在句“And because of this, sublingual drugs are more adaptable than injection solutions that must usually be refrigerated.(正因为如此，舌下药物比通常必须冷藏的注射溶液适应性更强)”可知，this指代前文提到的“舌下药物能使蛋白质在室温下长时间保持稳定”，故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“In many less developed countries, however, effective logistical cold chains are non-existent or not very good. With BioLingus’ sublingual technology, however, the cold chain can be minimised or not needed at all.(然而，在许多欠发达国家，不存在有效的物流冷链，或者不是很好。然而，有了BioLingus的舌下技术，冷链可以最小化，甚至根本不需要)”可知，由于一些欠发达国家缺乏有效的冷链，而舌下药物不需要冷藏，所以适合这些国家，故选A。
23．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“The primary challenge in developing the technique was stabilising the proteins. BioLingus turned to nature to find a solution.(开发这项技术的主要挑战是稳定蛋白质。BioLingus转向大自然寻求解决方案)”可知，文章主要讲述BioLingus如何从自然中获得灵感，开发舌下给药技术，解决了冷链保存问题，成为一些欠发达国家使用的优秀技术，A项“来自大自然的灵感改变了药物的工作方式”最适合作为标题，故选A。
24．D 25．C 26．D 27．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家对驯鹿睡眠模式及其与生存环境关系的研究。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段“One challenge for reindeer is that their habitat is different from most places on the planet: “In winter and in summer, in the Arctic, we either have constant darkness or constant light,” says Gabi Wagner, a neuroscientist at the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research and an author of the study.(驯鹿面临的一个挑战是，它们的栖息地与地球上的大多数地方都不同：“在北极地区，无论冬天还是夏天，要么是持续的极夜，要么是持续的极昼。”挪威生物经济研究所的神经科学家、该研究的作者之一加比 瓦格纳说道)” 以及下文关于驯鹿睡眠模式的研究内容可知，驯鹿特殊的睡眠模式主要原因是它们的生活环境。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段““In summer,” says co-author Sara Meier, “they have an open meal and can choose what they like best,” including lichens, mushrooms, and plants. That’s when they really fatten up.(共同作者萨拉 迈耶说：“在夏天，它们可以随意进食，选择自己最喜欢的食物”，包括地衣、蘑菇和植物。那是它们真正长膘的时候)”以及“The result, says Wagner, is that “they’re very, very active and lead a rich life during the very short growing season in summer. And they’re very lazy in winter when there isn’t any food.”.(瓦格纳说，结果就是“它们在夏季非常短暂的生长季节里极其活跃，生活丰富多彩。而在冬季没有食物的时候，它们就非常慵懒。”)” 可推知，夏天驯鹿的生活丰富多彩且充满活力。故选C。
26．词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在的句子“for several days straight in the summer, again in the fall, and once again in the winter(在夏天连续几天，然后在秋天又一次，在冬天再一次)”可知，瓦格纳在夏天、秋天和冬天连续几天测量驯鹿的脑电波，所以划线单词意为“连续的”。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As scientists look to what’s next, these new findings also echo the traditional wisdom of the Sámi, native people of Norway who have herded (放牧) reindeer for centuries.(当科学家们展望未来时，这些新发现也呼应了萨米人的传统智慧，萨米人是挪威的原住民，他们已经放牧驯鹿几个世纪了)”以及 ““Sámi reindeer herders have known all along that the animals need peace to eat and lie down to ruminate.” says Wagner who works with the community, “For the first time, we now have the physiological data that is a requirement for the reindeer.”(“萨米族的驯鹿牧民一直都知道，这些动物进食时需要安静的环境，也需要安静地躺下反刍。” 与该社群合作的瓦格纳说道，“如今，我们首次掌握了驯鹿所需的生理数据。”)”可推知，提到萨米人是为了支持科学发现。故选A。
28．A 29．C 30．D 31．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了影响人类寿命的因素。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The researchers used this rich data to study the influence of genes and more than 100 environmental and socioeconomic factors on the risk of 22 diseases that make up most of the major causes of death.(研究人员利用这些丰富的数据来研究基因和100多种环境和社会经济因素对22种疾病风险的影响，这些疾病构成了大多数主要的死亡原因)”可知，研究人员主要是通过分析22种疾病的诱因来得出结论的。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段中“This is referred to as the ‘proteomic age gap’, since it’s the gap in years between protein-predicted age and calendar age.(这被称为‘蛋白质组年龄差距’，因为它是蛋白质预测年龄和实际年龄之间的年数差距)”可知，proteomic age gap指的是预期寿命与实际寿命之差。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Of the various environmental exposures, smoking was the riskiest behavior, linked to 21 diseases; socioeconomic factors such as income, neighborhood were associated with 19 diseases(在各种环境暴露中，吸烟是最危险的行为，与21种疾病有关；收入、社区等社会经济因素与19种疾病相关)”可知，吸烟对人的寿命影响最大。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据第一段中“But if we’re aiming for a long and healthy life, it pays to worry less about our genes (基因) — which we can’t change anyway — and more about our lifestyle and surroundings.(但是，如果我们的目标是健康长寿，那么少担心我们的基因（反正我们也无法改变基因），多担心我们的生活方式和周围环境是值得的)”及最后一段中“Environment and lifestyle accounted for 17% of people’s disease-related risk of dying, compared to just 2% for genetics.(环境和生活方式占人们疾病相关死亡风险的17%，而遗传因素仅占2%)”可推断，我们更应该关注生活习惯而不是基因。故选B。
32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了气候变化对地震活动可能产生的影响，特别是冰川融化和海平面上升如何可能增加地震的频率和强度。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Among the most terrible of all natural disasters are earthquakes. While experts can prepare when the major ones will strike, smaller ones can strike seemingly at any time, destroying entire cities and causing smaller disasters like fires, landslides and tsunamis (海啸).(在所有的自然灾害中，地震是最为可怕的灾害之一。虽然专家们能够预测大型地震的发生时间，但小型地震似乎随时都可能发生，它们会摧毁整座城市，并引发火灾、山体滑坡和海啸等次生灾害。)”可知，地震是最可怕的自然灾害之一，虽然专家能预测大型地震的发生，但小型地震似乎随时都可能发生，并造成严重后果。这里强调的是小型地震发生的突然性，也就是它们可能毫无预兆地突然出现。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“According to researchers, many earthquakes that are anticipated soon close to San Francisco and Los Angeles still have late earthquake cycles. Consequently, the geological clock can be moved faster with slightly higher temperatures. It could cause earthquakes in several regions. The stop in sea level rise could take up to a thousand years, even in the event that we immediately stopped using greenhouse gases.(研究人员称，预计不久后旧金山和洛杉矶附近将会发生的许多地震，其地震周期仍然较晚。因此，温度稍有升高就可能会加快地质时钟的运转。这可能会在多个地区引发地震。即使我们立即停止使用温室气体，海平面上升的趋势也可能需要长达一千年的时间才会停止。)”可知，海平面上升和冰川融化可能会使未来地震更频繁，而即便我们立即停止使用温室气体，海平面上升的停止也可能需要长达一千年，但这暗示了如果停止使用温室气体，从长远来看，海平面上升的趋势会得到控制，所以控制住海平面上升，未来沿海地区的地震可能会减少。故选D。
34．词义猜测题。根据文章划线单词上下文“Cassidy is unsure if, at least during our lifetimes, the sea level rise would result in a significant enough change in pressure to precipitate these massive earthquakes. Cassidy underlined that the effects of climate change will increase their risk when they occur.(Cassidy不确定，至少在我们的有生之年，海平面上升是否会导致压力发生足够显著的变化，从而……这些大规模的地震。Cassidy强调，一旦地震发生，气候变化的影响将会增加其造成的风险。)”可知，前面提到海平面上升和气候变化与地震的关系，Cassidy不确定在我们有生之年海平面上升是否会导致足够显著的压力变化来“precipitate”这些大规模地震，且后面又说气候变化的影响会增加地震发生时的风险，推测“precipitate”意思是引发、促使（地震发生），也就是加快地震发生的进程。选项B“quicken”意为“加速、加快”，与划线词意思相近。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As sea level rises, earthquake-caused tsunamis will extend farther inland. Increased rainfall brought on by warmer waters will enhance the likelihood of landslides caused by earthquakes. As any vibration (震动) in wet ground is far more intensified than in dry ground, rainfall will likewise highlight earthquake shaking. “It’s an important topic, one that I’m sure we’ll see a lot of information coming out on in the coming months and years,” Cassidy said.(随着海平面上升，地震引发的海啸将会向内陆蔓延得更远。温暖的海水带来的降雨增多，将会增加地震引发山体滑坡的可能性。因为潮湿地面的震动比干燥地面的震动要强烈得多，降雨同样也会加剧地震带来的晃动。Cassidy说：“这是一个重要的话题，我相信在未来的几个月乃至几年里，我们会看到大量关于这个话题的信息。”)”可推测，Cassidy提到海平面上升可能带来的一系列影响，从这些内容可以看出，Cassidy对海平面上升所带来的各种变化，尤其是对地震及其次生灾害的影响非常关注。故选A。
36．B 37．C 38．A 39．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了脊髓损伤及其对人体的影响，特别是当脊髓只是部分切断时，大脑如何适应这种损伤并可能帮助患者恢复行走能力。而一项研究则揭示了大脑中特定区域在脊髓损伤后恢复行走能力中的重要作用，并通过实验验证了通过刺激这些神经元可以显著改善患者的行走能力。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Exactly which bits of the brain are involved in this adaptation is not clear. But, in a paper just published in Nature Medicine, a group of researchers led by Jocelyne Bloch of Lausanne University Hospital and Grégoire Courtine at the Swi