阅读理解议论文(特征、题型与策略)（原卷版＋解析版）2025年中考英语冲刺必备之阅读理解(方法解析 名校模拟)(浙江专用)

阅读理解议论文
(特征、题型与策略)
阅读理解议论文的命题特征、题型设置及解答方法
一、命题特征的深度解析（2022-2024 年）
（一）题材分类的立体化与现实关联
浙江省中考议论文题材紧密贴合核心素养，形成五大核心类别，兼具知识性与教育意义：
1.社会现象与生活决策
[典型试题]2024 浙江卷：宠物饮食健康研究探讨 “人类食物与宠物健康” 的关系；2023 宁波卷：时尚
与健康的权衡批判极端时尚对健康的危害。
[命题逻辑]以日常生活场景为切入点，通过研究数据（如 “22% 慢性肠胃病风险降低”）和具体案例
（如 Cathy 的生日派对噩梦），引导学生形成理性决策思维。
2.教育理念与成长心态
[典型试题]2023 金华卷：“Yet” 的力量倡导成长型思维；2023 嘉兴卷：适时放弃的勇气讨论坚持与放
弃的辩证关系。
[命题逻辑]结合教育实践（如学校改用 “Not yet” 评分制度）和心理学理论（如 “固定型思维” 与 “成长
型思维” 对比），渗透积极价值观。
3.科技伦理与网络安全
[典型试题]2022 宁波卷：展现网络钓鱼的危害并解析 “phishing” 原理；2022 金华卷：社交媒体安全
提醒在线分享风险。
[命题逻辑]以科技发展带来的新问题为背景，通过数据（如 “40 亿条虚假信息”）和真实案例（如 Amy
的网络受骗经历），培养信息甄别能力。
4.自我认知与社会认同
[典型试题]2022 绍兴卷：围绕身体自信的重要性呼吁接纳身体差异；2023 丽水卷：从团队合作的挑
战反思人际协作的复杂性。
[命题逻辑]结合社会心理学理论（如 “自我认同”“群体行为”），通过对比论证（如 “积极心态 vs 焦虑情
绪”）引导自我反思。
1 / 25
5.职业规划与人生选择
[典型试题]2022 舟山卷：围绕父母与孩子的职业沟通讨论代际职业认知差异；2023 杭州卷：从团队
合作的困境分析职场协作难题。
[命题逻辑]以现实职业选择为背景，通过调查数据（如 “75% 父母难提供职业建议”）和专家观点，培
养独立决策意识。
（二）语篇结构的逻辑模式与论证策略
结构类型 典型案例 论证策略 命题高频点
研 究 论 证 2024 浙江卷（宠物饮 数据支撑（8500 只狗参与）
研究目的、数据意义、结论推导 型 食研究） + 原理分析（微生物多样性）
案 例 引 入 2023 嘉兴卷（Roger 名人案例引出论点 + 专家 案例与论点的逻辑关联、建议的可
型 Federer 案例） 建议深化主题 行性
对 比 分 析 2023 金华卷（成长型 概念对比 + 学校实践案例 对比词（in contrast）、案例的支撑
型 vs 固定型思维） + 方法论建议 作用
问 题 解 决 2022 宁波卷（网络钓 问题定义 + 危害分析 + 解 问题 - 原因 - 对策的逻辑链、措施
型 鱼防范） 决方案 的有效性
观 点 辩 论 2023 宁波卷（时尚 vs 现象描述 + 分点论证（饮食 分论点的独立性、总结句的观点强
型 健康） / 穿着 / 发型）+ 总结升华 化
（三）语言特征的论证性与理解中的陷阱
1.论证手法的多样化
数据论证：如 2024 浙江卷 “4,500 只 6 个月以下幼犬”“22% 风险降低”，增强科学性；
引用论证：如 2023 嘉兴卷引用运动心理学家 Eric Bean 的建议，提升权威性；
比喻论证：如 2022 宁波卷将 “phishing” 比作 “钓鱼”，通过类比帮助理解。
2.逻辑连接词的隐含考点
转折词（however, but）：如 2023 嘉兴卷 “Sticking at something...However, learning to let go...”，转
折后为核心论点；
总结词（in fact, therefore）：如 2024 浙江卷 “Dr. Anna Hielm Bjorkman told...Therefore, variety is
important”，引导结论；
举例词（for example, such as）：如 2023 金华卷 “For some, success means being famous, while for
others...”，考查案例与观点的对应。
2 / 25
3.理解中的陷阱
偷换概念：如 2023 宁波卷将 “极端饮食” 的原因从 “追求时尚” 改为 “节省时间”（干扰项），需紧扣
原文 “look good”；
过度推理：如 2023 嘉兴卷不能从 “放弃有时有益” 推断 “应经常放弃”，需严格依据语篇 “理性决策”
的限定；
细节遗漏：如 2022 绍兴卷忽略 “body confidence” 的核心定义，误选 “关注外表” 的选项，需定位
“accepting your body”。
二、题型设置的多维分析与解题策略
（一）细节理解题：论据定位与精准匹配
1. 数据型细节题
[典型试题]2024 浙江卷第 3 题（研究可信度）
Do you get in trouble for feeding your dog on food from dinner under the table A new study suggests that by
sharing “people food”, you might actually be helping to keep your pet healthy.
Many dogs are fed dry processed food. Science has shown that a diet (饮食) of processed food is not healthy
for humans. Scientists from the University of Helsinki, in Finland, say this diet is not good for our pet dogs, either.
The scientists discovered that the food a dog might find in an owner’s home such as eggs, fish, meat and
vegetables may be better than a diet of just dog food. This is because having different kinds of food leads to more
variety (多样性) in microbes, which are little living things, too small to be seen with our eyes. There are millions of
them in human and animal bodies. Some are bad for us, but many are good for us, and they play important roles in
helping us digest (消化) food.
A total of 8,500 young pet dogs took part in the study. 4,500 of them were under 6 months old, and the rest
were between 6 and 18 months old. The owners were asked about what food they had fed their pets and how often.
When the dogs reached adulthood, their owners reported that about 20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms (慢性肠
胃不适症状) such as weight loss. However, if dogs had been fed a mixed diet while young, it was 22% less
possible for them to experience CE symptoms later in life.
Dr. Anna Hielm Bjorkman told The Times of London, “Dog food on sale is described as providing a complete
diet. But what we show is that variety is important. Nobody would give 12 years of the same food to a child—why
should a dog be different ”
3. How does the writer describe the study in Paragraph 4 to make it believable
A. By using pictures. B. By giving examples.
C. By telling stories. D. By listing numbers.
（根据“A total of 8,500 young pet dogs took part in the study.”，“about 20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms (慢
性肠胃不适症状) such as weight loss”和“However, if dogs had been fed a mixed diet while young, it was 22%
less possible for them to experience CE symptoms later in life.”可知，作者通过列数字，使其研究更可信。故选
3 / 25
D。）
解题步骤：定位第四段 “8,500 young pet dogs”“20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms”“22% less
possible”，识别数据论证手法，选 D（列数字）。
陷阱规避：避免将数据与结论割裂，确保选项与 “增强研究可信度” 的论证目的一致。
2. 案例型细节题
[典型试题]2023 嘉兴卷第 1 题（Roger Federer 案例作用）
Roger Federer, a world-famous sports star, quit(放 弃 ) the 2020 Olympic Games to deal with his knee
problem. It was a hard decision because no one wanted to be a quitter. But finding the courage to let go can be good
for you.
Nothing is fun all the time. Sticking at something difficult teaches us important skills like perseverance(毅力).
However, learning to let go when things aren't right is important too. Maybe your heart isn't in playing the piano
any more, or you only play football because your friends do and you want to try a different sport instead. Making
the decision to walk away can free up time and energy to spend on something you really enjoy. In fact, studies
show that letting go of goals you can't reach, or don't really want, can build up your confidence and help you lead a
happier and healthier life.
But how can you know it's time to stop and move on Eric Bean is an expert in sports psychology(心理学)
who helps athletes and teams understand their feelings. He says, “Quitting is never a matter of black and white.” He
suggests thinking carefully about why you aren't enjoying something any more. Is it because you've argued with a
teammate or can't get on with a new art teacher Talk about this with a trusted adult or friend. That can help you
decide whether you should stay and stick, or quit and move on.
Quitting doesn't have to mean totally giving up, though. For example, playing an instrument might be more
fun if you take away the pressure of exams. If you do decide to give up an activity, Bean suggests picking up
another where you can still enjoy things like teamwork, creativity, and exercise.
1.The writer mentions “Roger Federer” in Paragraph 1 to show that .
A.we should never give up
B.we should get away from trouble
C.it's all right to stop and quit
D.it's difficult to win Olympic medals
解题步骤：案例后紧跟论点句 “But finding the courage to let go can be good for you”，推断案例为支
持 “放弃是可接受的”，选 C。
突破技巧：案例通常位于论点之后，注意 “this is why, for instance” 等衔接词。
3. 引用型细节题
[典型试题]2023 金华卷第 2 题（成长型思维判断）
①Does life sometimes seem to be full of impossible problems How many times, for example, do you find
yourself saying things like “I really don't understand this maths problem”, or “I can't get into the school team”
4 / 25
Well, maybe it's time to introduce yourself to the power of “yet”. By adding this simple word, you can change
everything. “I really don't understand this maths problem yet.” “I can't get into the school team yet.” Suddenly, the
impossible becomes possible. You can imagine those things happening.
②I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students' exams. The school find out that the old
pass/fail system wasn't helping students' motivation(积极性). If you passed, then great, but those students who
didn't pass often felt like failures. So now students who don't pass the exams will not see a big red “F” on their
papers; they see a “Not yet” instead. That way the students feel that they are on a journey. They haven't reached the
end, but they know that they are going the right way.
③This kind of thinking is part of what experts call “having a growth mindset”. People with a growth mindset
don't concentrate on failure. They aren't worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep
trying until they do. They enjoy the challenge and believe they can change. In contrast, people who just focus on
the failure have what the experts call “a fixed mindset”. These people are always worried about failure and are
happy to give up when things don't go right. They don't think that they are able to change. Clearly, it is better to
have a growth mindset than a fixed mindset.
④But don't worry if you think that you have a fixed mindset. ▲ . Remember that it all starts with
questioning the things you believe about yourself. Stop believing that you can't or you haven't and realize that you
just can't or haven't yet. Once you start doing this, you'll wonder why you didn't do it before. It's one small but very
powerful word.
2.According to the passage, which one of the following has “a growth mindset”
A.Jack got an “A” in the exam. He was quite happy to tell his parents.
B.David failed in a competition, but he stays confident and keeps trying.
C.Jenny found it hard to work out the maths problem, so she gave it up.
D.Emma was refused by the school team. She didn't want to have another try.
（根据第三段的“They aren't worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep trying until
they do.”可知,B 选项“大卫在一场比赛中失败了,但他保持着自信并不断努力。”中的大卫具有“成长心态”。故
选 B。）
解题步骤：定位第三段 “People with a growth mindset...happy to keep trying until they do”，匹配选项
B（David 失败后继续尝试）。
突破技巧：引用专家观点时，注意 “sb. says, research shows” 等引导词，直接对应观点句。
（二）推理判断题：逻辑链构建与隐含观点挖掘
[典型试题]2023 杭州卷第 4 题（团队合作态度）
We all enjoy being part of a group—there's no better work than teamwork, right Actually, I disagree.
Teamwork can be hard. In fact, it was so difficult that I left my office job and started working from home on my
own. It's a much better fit for me, and it has made me think about why teamwork can make our jobs harder rather
than easier.
Personalities(个性) can make teamwork difficult. There's often someone on the team that puts their needs first.
5 / 25
The team often goes along with this person, whose ideas might not be the best, just the loudest. Just one difficult
personality can make teamwork bine(结合) several challenging personality types, and it's even harder.
Not having enough time together can also make teamwork challenging. For example, I was once on a team
where we never had enough time to meet as a group. To successfully work as a team, you need time together—and
lots of it.
A final reason teamwork is difficult is because there's often no training on how to work on a team. You can't
just put people in a room and expect them to work well with each other. You need to build trust with your team
members. Think of football players: They aren't just given a ball and told to play. They practice, and they train.
Teamwork can be hard, but working alone has its challenges, too. When my computer doesn't work, I don't
have an IT person to turn to. When I have a great idea, I don't have anyone to share it with to see if it really is a
great idea. Don't get me wrong—I still like my team of one and enjoy making all of the important decisions myself.
But now I realize what was wrong with the teamwork I did in the past and how good teamwork could be if done
correctly. And that's useful information—because one day I might want to turn my ME TEAM into a WE TEAM.
4.What is the purpose of the text
A.To show the advantages of teamwork.
B.To tell the importance of teamwork.
C.To introduce the influence of teamwork.
D.To explain the difficulties of teamwork.
（本文第一段作者首先讲述了自己在团队合作中遇到困难后选择在家工作的经历,接着第二、三、四段介绍
了团队合作难的原因。所以说明团队合作中的困难是作者写这篇文章的主要目的。故选 D。）
论证逻辑：第二段 “Personalities can make teamwork difficult”、第三段 “not having enough time”、
第四段 “no training on how to work on a team” 分析困难，末段 “how good teamwork could be if done
correctly” 暗示 “正确团队合作有价值”，选 D（解释团队合作的困难）。
突破技巧：通过 “but, however” 等转折词，区分作者对论点的支持与批判。
（三）词义 / 句义猜测题：上下文线索的深度分析
[典型试题]2022 绍兴卷 “agitated”（第三段）
“I wish I had straight hair”; “I'd like to be taller”. At times, we all want to look a bit more like someone else.
However, the pictures we see on TV and social media can give us improper ideas about how our bodies “should”
look. The truth is that everybody is different—and that's a good thing. Accepting and feeling good about our bodies
is really important for our self-confidence(自信).
Body confidence is when someone accepts and behaves kindly towards their body. That includes our size and
shape, skin color, appearance and any physical disabilities. Jade Parnell from the Centre for Appearance
Research(CAR), says that having body confidence is “about being accepting of your body and what it does for you”.
If you feel positive(积极的) about your body, you are more likely to take care of it. Research has even shown
that you are more likely to take part in activities and perform well in school. However, feeling agitated about your
body could make you step back, do less well at school and even feel down. Parnell says that the cost of trying to
6 / 25
achieve the “perfect” appearance is high. She says, “If you're spending a lot of time trying to look a certain way,
you will have less time to spend with friends and to make important memories.”
It's important to remember that everybody is different. To develop a positive body image, Parnell says, “Try
to talk positively about your own body and other people's bodies. Try not to pay too much attention to appearance.
Instead, think about what your body does for you; do your legs make you run really fast ” She also suggests
treating your body well by eating different kinds of foods, exercising to feel good and to have fun, and getting
plenty of sleep. Remember that you are more than how you look.
2.The underlined word “agitated” probably means “ ”.
A.scared B.serious C.careless D.worried
（根据前面的 However 可知,这里和前两句意思相反,前面说 feel positive 就表现得好,所以这里的意思应该是
和 positive 相对,故此处画线部分意为“焦虑的;烦恼的”。故选 D。）
上下文：前文 “feel positive about your body...perform well”，后文 “make you step back, do less well”，
通过对比推断 “agitated” 为 “焦虑的”，选 D（worried）。
突破技巧：寻找反义词（positive vs agitated）或情感对立词，确定词义倾向。
（四）主旨 / 标题题：核心论点的提炼与干扰项排除
[典型试题]2023 金华卷标题选择
①Does life sometimes seem to be full of impossible problems How many times, for example, do you find
yourself saying things like “I really don't understand this maths problem”, or “I can't get into the school team”
Well, maybe it's time to introduce yourself to the power of “yet”. By adding this simple word, you can change
everything. “I really don't understand this maths problem yet.” “I can't get into the school team yet.” Suddenly, the
impossible becomes possible. You can imagine those things happening.
②I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students' exams. The school find out that the old
pass/fail system wasn't helping students' motivation(积极性). If you passed, then great, but those students who
didn't pass often felt like failures. So now students who don't pass the exams will not see a big red “F” on their
papers; they see a “Not yet” instead. That way the students feel that they are on a journey. They haven't reached the
end, but they know that they are going the right way.
③This kind of thinking is part of what experts call “having a growth mindset”. People with a growth mindset
don't concentrate on failure. They aren't worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep
trying until they do. They enjoy the challenge and believe they can change. In contrast, people who just focus on
the failure have what the experts call “a fixed mindset”. These people are always worried about failure and are
happy to give up when things don't go right. They don't think that they are able to change. Clearly, it is better to
have a growth mindset than a fixed mindset.
④But don't worry if you think that you have a fixed mindset. ▲ . Remember that it all starts with
questioning the things you believe about yourself. Stop believing that you can't or you haven't and realize that you
just can't or haven't yet. Once you start doing this, you'll wonder why you didn't do it before. It's one small but very
powerful word.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
7 / 25
A.The Power of “Yet” B.Two Different Mindsets
C.Nothing Is Impossible D.On the Way to Success
（作者认为 yet(还)是一个很有分量的词,且在我们成长过程中起着重要的作用。选项 A 作为标题最合适。故
选 A。）
核心词：“yet” 在首段 “power of ‘yet’”、第二段 “Not yet” 评分、末段 “you just can't or haven't yet” 重
复出现，选 A（The Power of “Yet”）。
突破策略：统计全文出现 3 次以上的名词 / 动词，排除仅出现一次的细节词（如 “math problem”）。
三、解答方法的系统化构建
（一）三步解题法：从 “读题” 到 “验证”
1.论点定位（1 分钟）
首段扫描：寻找 “however, in fact, I believe” 等观点引导词，如 2024 浙江卷首段 “A new study
suggests...” 直接点明论点。
末段聚焦：关注 “in conclusion, remember, finally” 等总结词，如 2023 宁波卷末段 “your worth is not
decided by your appearance” 升华主题。
2.论据标注（2 分钟）
数据类：用 “□” 标注数字（如 “8,500 young pet dogs”），明确其对论点的支撑；
案例类：用 “○” 标注案例（如 “Roger Federer 放弃奥运会”），注明对应论点；
引用类：用 “△” 标注专家 / 研究观点（如 “Dr. Anna Hielm Bjorkman told...”），区分论据类型。
3.选项验证（1 分钟）
细节题：核对 “关键词 + 逻辑一致”，如 2023 金华卷第 2 题 “growth mindset” 对应 “keep trying”，
排除 “放弃” 选项；
推理题：确保结论基于语篇，如 2022 舟山卷末段 “parents should not decide careers” 推断标题为 D
（父母应否为孩子选职业）；
主旨题：检查选项是否涵盖核心论点，如 2024 浙江卷标题需包含 “宠物饮食多样化”，而非仅 “研究
方法”。
（二）专项题型解题清单
题型 解题工具 案例应用
论据定位表（数据 / 案例 / 2024 浙江卷第 3 题：定位 “8,500 只狗” 数据，选 D（列 细节理解题
引用） 数字）
推理判断题 逻辑关系图（论点 - 论据链） 2023 嘉兴卷第 1 题：案例→论点 “放弃有益”，选 C
8 / 25
上下文线索卡（对比 / 因果 / 词义猜测题
2023 宁波卷 “agitated”：对比 positive，选 D（焦虑） 比喻）
主旨标题题 核心词词云图 + 论点句匹配 2023 金华卷：高频词 “yet”+ 首段论点，选 A
（三）冲刺提分策略
1.题材模块化训练
社会现象类：整理 “研究类” 语篇结构（问题→数据→结论），如 2024 浙江卷、2022 宁波卷；
教育理念类：关注 “对比论证” 结构（如成长型 vs 固定型思维），强化概念区分能力；
科技伦理类：积累 “网络安全” 相关词汇（phishing, password, transfer），理解技术术语。
2.逻辑连接词专项突破
转折类：however, but, instead → 重点关注其后的论点；
因果类：because, therefore, as a result → 明确论据与结论的关系；
举例类：for example, such as → 快速定位案例对应的论点。
3.错题归因与针对性训练
定位错误：强化 “题干关键词→原文原句” 的定位能力，使用荧光笔标注对应词；
推理过度：建立 “语篇唯一原则”，结论必须有明确依据，如 2023 杭州卷末段 “might want to” 表明
可能性，而非必然性；
主旨偏差：练习用 “一句话概括文章”，确保涵盖核心论点，如 “宠物多样化饮食更健康” 而非 “狗的微
生物研究”。
1
（2025 年浙江省宁波市中考一模英语试题）①Birthdays can sometimes be expensive. People often spend
money not just on gifts, but also on food and drinks. So many people have started giving second-hand gifts. But is
it a good choice Let’s look at both sides.
②One reason people choose second-hand gifts is for the environment. Many of us have old toys, books or
games that we no longer use. If we throw them away, they end up in landfills (垃圾堆). In these landfills, things
can take years to break down and harmful gases are produced. Giving away old things instead of throwing them
away can reduce waste and protect the environment. Second-hand gifts are also often cheaper than new ones. What’
s more, reusing things reduces the need to produce more products, which also reduces pollution.
③________ When you give a new gift, you know it’s in perfect condition, and it feels special because it’s
9 / 25
new. People also like receiving something that shows you’ve thought about them, and sometimes, a second-hand
gift might not feel as thoughtful. You may worry that the gift will wear out soon, which can make you feel
uncertain about giving it. People may also feel excited when they receive gifts they have wanted for a long time. Of
course, it’s fine to want the latest toys or books for a birthday gift. After all, it’s their special day.
④In the end, whether you give a second-hand or new gift depends on the situation. Both can show you care,
but it’s important to consider what the birthday person would like the most. What matters most is the thought
behind the gift, no matter if it’s new or old.
1．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Old things. B．New gifts. C．Broken products. D．Harmful gases.
2．Which sentence best fits the blank ________ in Paragraph3
A．Still, some people like second-hand gifts.
B．However, second-hand gifts are always perfect.
C．On the other hand, new gifts have advantages.
D．Also, new gifts are the only choice for special days.
3．What does the writer care most about giving gifts
A．The thought behind the gift. B．The price of the gift.
C．The popularity of the gift. D．The style of the gift.
4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
2
（2025 年浙江省台州市中考一模英语试题）① How did you spend your last holiday Did you just stare at
a screen from morning till night Well, you are not alone. A new survey shows that the average Chinese person
spends over five and a half hours online every day. That’s a lot of time scrolling (滚屏) and watching videos! But is
this really helping us relax, or is it just making our brains tired
10 / 25
② First, let’s think about how we spend our time online. Most of us watch short videos rather than learning
something new. This kind of low-value material doesn’t help us relax—it actually makes our thinking less clear.
The term “brain rot” perfectly describes what happens when we spend too much time on meaningless online things.
③ Meanwhile, using the internet is like eating your favorite snack: it’s hard to stop. Our phones and tablets
are full of endless short videos and memes, making them like personal fun factories. It’s easy and comfortable to
just sit and scroll for hours, but this “easy fun” comes at a cost. The more time we spend on screens, the less we
enjoy real life. We’re missing out on beautiful sunsets, heartfelt thanks, and fun hobbies. When did our lives
become so boring
④ Also, we’re forgetting how to relax in a meaningful way. Free time shouldn’t just be about watching
Douyin or Bilibili. Instead, it should be a chance to connect with the world. Nature doesn’t have Wi-Fi, but it has
fresh air, sunlight, and birdsong. Spending time with friends in real life is much better than laughing alone at a
meme on your screen.
⑤ In short, life isn’t about how much time you have—it’s about how you use it. Screens are here to stay, but
they shouldn’t take over our free time. The summer holiday is coming soon. Will you choose to do something more
meaningful Remember, “brain rot” is real!
1．What does “brain rot” mean in the passage
A．Enjoying real-life activities. B．Learning something new online.
C．Feeling sad after watching videos. D．Thinking less clearly because of screen time.
2．Why does the author compare Internet to snacks
A．It’s a waste of time. B．It’s not easy to control.
C．It’s bad for one’s health. D．It’s one way to have fun.
3．What does the author suggest for a meaningful holiday
A．Chat with friends online. B．Stay indoors and use Wi-Fi.
C．Spend time in nature or with friends. D．Watch more educational videos.
4．What’s the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
3
11 / 25
（2025 年浙江省杭州市区中考模拟英语试题）Today, we are talking about money. I can share a bit about
my history with money and my new view when it comes to using green paper.
I made a web page with links to posts about our financial (财政的) journey where you can look for more
details of where we’ve been and how we got where we are now. It was a big part of my story in the past and was a
huge part of our downsizing (精简) journey. We got out of debt and stayed out of debt.
So I feel eager (渴望的) to share the benefits of being on this side. It takes more planning and more careful
thought whenever a dollar is spent now than it did when I had a wallet full of credit cards. I now like to think all of
my dollars doing the job. So many of us work for money and don’t consider that money should work for us, too.
Make your dollars do the job of helping you live the life you want.
Each time money is spent or saved, it should be going toward something that you purposefully want for your
life. Last week I was out and I spent $ 20 on food in 3 days. It made me angry because afterward I thought about
eating is not at all what I want for my life.
On the other hand, there are times I spend $ 20 while out with my family and it doesn’t bother (使烦恼) me
one bit. An afternoon out with my kids during which we stop for ice cream, and do something fun together has a
completely different feel.
In the end, I want the dollars I spend to have purpose like I can enjoy life while still planning and saving for
the future.
1．The underlined words “green paper” in Paragraph 1 refer to “________”.
A．money B．work C．newspaper D．book
2．You can learn about the writer’s history with money ________.
A．by reading posts about their financial journey B．by going on a financial journey
C．by making a web page D．by writing to him
3．In the writer’s opinion, ________.
A．more credit cards should be used in our daily life B．we should work hard to make more money
C．money should help us live better D．saving money is very easy
4．Why does the writer feel happy with the money spent with his family
A．Because the money is spent on food.
B．Because the money is spent in doing something fun.
C．Because eating is what he wants for his life.
D．Because the money goes toward something that he wants for his life.
12 / 25
4
（2025 年浙江省初中学校 TZ-8 共同体中考一模英语试题）For more than 100 years, going to the cinema
with friends and family to watch brand-new films has been a tradition that lots of people have loved. Not only is it a
great experience to sit in comfortable seats and eat popcorn, but it’s a chance to watch the latest films on the big
screen. However, in recent years, some people have realised it’s easier and more convenient to watch films in their
own home. What do you think Are cinemas the best place to watch films
Yes—it’s an amazing experience
Going to the cinema is a really fun activity to enjoy with friends and family. It’s a chance to leave the house,
enjoy a film with other people, and even eat some delicious popcorn. Also, ________. The big screen and surround
sound help you lose yourself in a film easily. Lots of films are specially made for the cinema and don’t feel the
same on a TV or laptop. At home, distractions (分心) like stopping for a drink can make the experience bad. The
cinema feels special and lets you truly enjoy the movie.
No—they’re too expensive
It can cost a lot of money to go to the cinema, especially when the whole family is going together. People
don’t just have to pay for tickets but snacks and drinks too. Most popular films usually stay in the cinemas for
around four weeks, and sometimes it doesn’t take long before they’re available on streaming (流媒体) services.
There’s no need to see films at the cinema if they’ll be available to watch at home in a month or two. Streaming
films is much easier too, because people have more control over when they watch the film and can pause (暂停) it
whenever they like.
1．What has been a tradition loved by many people for over 100 years
A．Reading books in the library.
B．Watching streaming films online.
C．Going to the cinema with friends and family.
D．Watching films at home with family members.
2．Which of the following can be put in the “________”
A．nothing is better than watching films at home
B．nothing beats the experience of going to the cinema
C．going to the cinema is the most expensive experience
D．going to the cinema is just like watching movies at home
3．Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “available” in the last paragraph
13 / 25
A．Is the manager available for a meeting now
B．The information is available on the Internet.
C．He’s afraid he isn’t available to help with the show.
D．The problem is getting it all done in the time available.
4．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To explain the history of cinemas.
B．To encourage more and more people to go to the cinema.
C．To compare different kinds of films in cinemas and at home.
D．To show different opinions towards cinema and home viewing.
5
（2025 年浙江省中考模拟英语试题）“Let’s brainstorm together!” You might often hear your teachers ask
you to have a group discussion to solve a problem. But is brainstorming really the best way to solve problems,
especially creative ones
The Dutch company WeTransfer did a study of 20,000 people from 197 countries and regions. Most of these
people work in creative jobs, such as writers, musicians and scientists. The results showed that brainstorming was
often unhelpful for solving creative challenges.
“It seems that while working together is important to bring an idea to life, it’s not very helpful for shaping
ideas in the first place,” said Rob Alderson, WeTransfer’s editor-in-chief.
If we give people enough time and space to think clearly, they can come up with better ideas, Alderson aded.
Even Alex Osborn, the father of brainstorming, believed that spending time thinking alone was part of his own
creative process.
However, most companies don’t give their staff enough time and chances to prepare and develop their ideas
on their own. Instead, they often hold too many meetings, which can hurt creativity. More than 40 percent of the
people said meetings were harmful to good thinking.
Spending time alone to think helps you come up with your own ideas and develop independent thinking.
This is especially important when making decisions. Nearly 80 percent of the people in WeTransfer’s study said
14 / 25
they trusted their own instincts (直觉) and research when deciding whether an idea was good.
1．What did WeTransfer’s research find out
A．People waste too much time brainstorming.
B．Brainstorming brings creative people together.
C．Brainstorming is needed to solve creative problems.
D．Brainstorming isn’t very helpful for solving creative challenges.
2．Which idea might Alex Osborn agree with about coming up with good ideas
A．Working with others is important. B．Thinking on your own is helpful.
C．Having discussions in meetings helps a lot. D．Asking for quick answers leads to better ideas.
3．What problems do some companies have according to Paragraph 5
A．Most of their staff can’t speak up. B．They don’t give their staff enough time to think.
C．They don’t know how to hold a creative meeting. D．They care too much about their staff’s creativity.
4．Which is the best title for the passage
A．Better ideas come from thinking alone B．Think twice before making a decision
C．Find someone and share your idea D．Brainstorming develops creativity
6
（2024 年浙江省杭州临平区余杭区中考一模英语试题）A bell rings at 7 pm every evening in Mohityache
Avadgaon village, in India, telling people that it is time for everyone to turn off screen devices (设 备 ), like
televisions and mobile phones. At 8:30 pm, the bell rings the second time, telling the 3,000 villagers that
screen-free time is over. The leaders of the village introduced it so that young people could focus on their
homework and not be influenced by funny videos or phone messages. However, some say that a screen simply
allows people to get information — it is not harmful in itself. A person can decide for themselves when to put
down a device. So should you set limits (限制) on screen time
Yes—screen time should be limited
Phones, computers and TV are great ways for getting information and lots of fun. However, they can be
addictive (使人成瘾的) and some people need help to break from them. Even if people are chatting on their phone
or playing online games together, they can still feel lonely. Screen-free time means people can connect with family
15 / 25
and friends in the real world. It’s also a great chance for people to go outside and be active, which is good for their
health. Too much screen time can lead to other problems, such as not sleeping properly and being short on
creativity.
No—people can manage their screen time
Through devices like phones and computers, people can find answers to many questions. Screen time can be
productive—you can read great works of literature (文学), discover wonderful facts or read about important things
happening in the world. It is great for homework and curious minds. Electronic devices also allow friends and
family to stay in touch. Most people naturally take screen breaks, for example when they eat or exercise. People
should be free to judge for themselves how much screen time they should have.
Now that you’ve read a lot about it, tell us what you think on the website theweekiunior.co.uk/polls. Choose
YES if you think screen time should be limited, or NO if you don’t. We’ll show the results next week.
1．How does the writer begin the passage
A．By giving reasons. B．By telling a real event.
C．By comparing examples. D．By listing large numbers.
2．According to Paragraph 2, which of the following are the good points of screen-free time
①Help people get information more easily. ②Make people go outside and be healthy.
③Help people stay alone by themselves. ④Make people connect with the real world.
A．①④ B．②③ C．②④ D．③④
3．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “productive” in Paragraph 3
productive adj.
① Not interesting.
②Doing or achieving a lot.
③Widely accepted and used for a long time.
④Full of new, exciting or dangerous experiences.
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
4．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To encourage readers to manage their screen time freely.
B．To advise readers to manage and control their screen time.
C．To lead readers to form a good habit of doing homework.
D．To collect ideas about whether to cut the screen time.
16 / 25
7
American artist Andy Warhol once said, “In the future , everyone will be world-famous for 15 minutes. ”
Now, thanks to the Internet, the rise of live streamers(网红主播) has kind of shown him correct.
Li Jiaqi ,27, known as the “ Lipstick (口红)Man" for his 2018 super job of selling more than 15000 lipsticks
in five minutes ,is one of the most famous live streamers on Taobao, China's biggest online shopping platform (平
台).With about 50 million followers on popular social media platforms like Sina Weibo, Li has at least several
million fans for each live show.
Live streaming has been a fashion worldwide shopping. About 450 million online shoppers in China paid
more than $4.4 billion (30.89 billion yuan) for goods and products through live streaming platforms in 2018. Live
streaming has not only helped the live streamers like Li become famous, but also helped to grow their own brands.
The new shopping model, with its short videos, is greatly welcomed by those who prefer to stay at home and want
to get the things right away.
While live streaming provides a new fashionable way of shopping, it also has its own problems.
Days before the Double II event this year, Li tried to sell a non-stick frying pan(不粘锅)during his live show.
While he used words like "super" to describe the pan, an egg he was cooking stuck to the pan and burned (燃烧).
The accident has sent people worrying that some live streamers sell sub-standard products with poor after-sales
services .The National Radio and Television Administration sent a notice the next day, asking platforms to check
the quality (质量) of live streamed products and make sure all of the products should have good quality. It tires to
protect customers from being fooled.
Liu Yuanju, a researcher at the Shanghai-based SIFL Institute, once said that the government should make
laws to protect the online shopping, And the customers should be more careful when they buy the things from the
live stream platform
1．From Paragraph I we can know that_________.
A．everyone can be world-famous in the future
B．the Internet offers the possibilities to be famous
C．Live Streamers are the world-famous for 15 minutes.
D．Internet is the most important thing to people
2．Li Jiaqi is called the "Lipstick Man" because he is a man who________.
A．has more than 15,000 lipsticks B．wants to buy 15,000 lipsticks
C．is good at selling the lipsticks D．loves the lipsticks very much
17 / 25
3．The underline word “sub-standard" in Paragraph 5 means the the product is __________.
A．worth buying B．not good enough C．expensive D．cheap
4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．Live streaming, a new way of shopping！ B．Li Jiaqi, a popular live streamers!
C．Live streaming, a wise way of shopping？ D．Say no to live streaming shopping！
8
（2024 年浙江省舟山市中考三模英语试题）In the wild, wolves with broken legs often face an unlucky
result, waiting for death. Yet, in the Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve (可可西里国家级自然保护区) in Qinghai,
one such wolf had a different fate (命运). It grew from a poor, thin one to a fat, happy wolf because tourists in the
area often fed it.
This “act of kindness” led people to ask: Should tourists feed the wolf Supporters argue that without
feeding, the wolf would die because it couldn’t get food by itself. But those who do not agree with the idea believe
that humans should not mess with (干扰) the natural order. Science, however, provides us with an answer.
Research published in Scientific Reports in June 2019 studied how human feeding influenced the lives of
bottlenose dolphins (宽吻海豚) near Bunbury, Australia. Dolphins there can sometimes get food from the Dolphin
Discovery Centre. After studying more than 10 years of data, the scientists found that dolphins looking for food
from boats had a higher risk of death than those who found food themselves. This is because they may get hit by
boats or caught by fishermen.
Feeding wild animals may lead animals to depend on humans for food, warned Dai Qiang, a scientist at the
Chengdu Institute of Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. What’s more, sick animals may bring diseases
to people who feed them.
So, if we come across a wild animal that seems to need our help, what should we do Does it mean there is
nothing we can do Of course not. Qi Xinzhang, the director of Xining Wildlife Park, advised that ▲
1．Why does the writer talk about the wolf in Qinghai
A．To present the writer’s opinion. B．To guide readers to think.
C．To lead into the subject. D．To introduce the main idea of the passage.
2．Why did the bottlenose dolphins have a higher risk of death according to the text
A．Because they had some diseases.
B．Because they couldn’t get food by themselves.
C．Because humans often mess with the natural order.
18 / 25
D．Because they may be hurt by boats or fishing nets.
3．According to the passage, which of the following is the best to fill in the blank “ ▲ ”
A．it’s necessary to stay away from it.
B．it’s a better choice to throw some food to it.
C．it’s unnecessary to do anything for it because it has its own fate.
D．it’s best to report the animal to the government instead of just feeding it.
4．Which could be the best title for the text
A．Should tourists feed a wild animal B．Animals need our help
C．The wild animals are in danger D．Should wild animals live by themselves
9
①There are many arguments(争 论 ) for and against children owning pets. Pets help to keep children
company, help to keep children fit, and they also help children to learn new responsibilities. However, pets can be
dangerous. They require a lot of care, and they cost a lot of money to be taken care of properly.
②The first argument that supports pet ownership by children is that they are good company. When children
come home from school, pets are always there to greet them. They love children and are always willing to play. As
a result, children will be less likely to experience loneliness. They will also help to keep children active as they will
need to be walked and played with every day.
③Secondly, owning a pet encourages children to learn new responsibilities. Pets need to be looked after and
be taken care of every day. Children will learn different skills that they can use later in life. For example, washing
and feeding pets are important skills to learn. Learning these responsibilities will ensure that children will be able to
look after themselves, and possibly their children one day.
④________ Some dogs, for example, may bite others, and children may become afraid of animals as a result
of this happening to them. Cats also look very soft, but they do have very sharp claws(爪子). If they are treated in
the wrong way, cats can use their claws to scratch. In addition, pets require a great deal of care. Many pets need to
be regularly groomed, exercised and bathed. As a result of this, children may neglect their studies because they are
too busy worrying about their pet and its well-being.
19 / 25
⑤A further argument against pet ownership is that pets are costly; buying food and maintaining their care is
expensive. Finally, the cost of owning one falls on parents, and as a result, children don’t fully understand the
responsibility of having one.
⑥In short, there are many arguments for and against pet ownership. Pets help to keep children company, fit,
and they also help them to learn new responsibilities. However, pets can be dangerous, they require a lot of care,
and they cost a lot of money to be taken care of properly.
1．Which of the following sentences can be put into ________ in Paragraph 4
A．On the other hand, some pets can be dangerous.
B．As a result, some animals are very cute for children.
C．So their children can look after more people at school.
D．All in all, having a pet has a good influence on children.
2．The underlined word “neglect” in Paragraph 4 means ________.
A．put an effort in B．pay little attention to
C．have no influence on D．show great interest in
3．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
4．What’s the best title of the passage
A．New Things from Owning Pets
B．Arguments about Owning Pets
C．Allowing Children to Own Pets
D．Looking After Pets in a Right Way
10
Leap , spike , score! In the past few months, volleyball has been a hot topic both in the sports world and on
the big screen. Leap, a movie that tells the story of the Chinese women’s national volleyball team, came out on
September 25.
The Chinese women’s national volleyball team has been the pride of the country since winning their first
world championship in 1981. It has won 10 world titles so far. The team’s spirit has encouraged millions of
20 / 25
Chinese to fight tooth and nail even though they know they might fail over the years.
The film Leap starts from the team’s first world championship and spans 35 years to 2016, showing the
struggles of several generations of Chinese players. Hong Kong director Peter Ho-sun Chan directed it. Actress
Gong Li plays Lang Ping, the head coach of the team. Lang Ping’s real-life daughter Bai Lang plays a younger
Lang. She was born in 1992. Younger volleyball players, including Zhu Ting (1994) and Hui Ruoqi (1991), play
themselves in the film.
1．The film Leap starts from to 2016.
A．1981 B．1991 C．1992 D．1994
2．According to passage, we know that .
A．Lang Ping’s daughter Zhu Ting plays a younger Lang
B．the team’s fighting spirit cheer lots of Chinese up
C．Leap shows the history of the Chinese men’s national volleyball match
D．Gong Li is the head coach of the volleyball team
3．What does the underlined phrases “fight tooth and nail” in Paragraph Two mean in Chinese
A．为正义而战 B．全力以赴 C．张牙舞爪 D．伶牙利爪
4．You may read the passage in the part in a newspaper.
A．Travel B．Campus C．Culture D．Film
11
Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and a T-shirt to work, including
to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he doesn't look serious this way.
Harvard Business School researcher, Franccsca Gino, has a different idea. While most people seem to think
that dressing differently from those around you generally has a bad influence, she believes it can actually have a
positive(积极的) effect. And she’s done experiments to support her idea. When her researchers, wearing sportswear,
visited the expensive shops an Italy, they were usually viewed as wealthier and more important people than those
who were well-dressed in designer clothes.
Do people always view less formal(正 式 的 ) clothing more positively Researchers in France took their
research out into the street, to the general public. The video they made shows an actor dressed in a well-cut suit and
shiny shoes. While walking along the road, he begins to cough badly, stops to catch his breath and falls down.
Before he even calls for help, people rush to help him. In another video, the actor appears at the same crowded
place and repeats the actions in exactly the same way. But this time, no one comes to help. What’s the difference
21 / 25
He’s wearing untidy clothes and looks like a homeless person. In a situation like this, the clothes you’re wearing
could mean the difference between life and death.
It seems that our clothing doesn’t only change the way others view us, but also the way we see ourselves. In
an experiment testing students’ ability to pay attention to details(细节), the group wearing white lab coats did the
best. Why Researchers told them that they were wearing the doctors coats. The experiment didn’t show whether
such influences would last long. More experiments are needed in the future before we decide to make the doctors’
coats a must of fashion.
1．Mark Zuckerberg is not considered serious by some people because ____.
A．he does not listen to others’ advice B．he sets up a network of video games
C．he wears jeans and a T-shirt to work D．he often plays jokes at business meetings
2．Which of the following is Gino’s opinion according to Paragraph 2
A．It is necessary to buy expensive clothes.
B．Wearing less formal clothes is in fact good.
C．It is bad to dress differently from people around you.
D．Wearing sports clothes makes you look less important.
3．In Paragraph 3, the writer proves(证明) his ( her ) opinion mainly ____.
A．by giving reasons B．by using pictures
C．by comparing facts D．by listing numbers
4．What can we learn from the passage
A．What we wear makes a difference. B．Formal clothing makes a wise man.
C．Our value depends on what we wear. D．Our clothing influences our characters.
12
（2025年浙江省初中名校发展共同体中考一模英语试题）Imagine you are in an autonomous vehicle (AV，
自动驾驶车辆) and face this terrible choice: The car must either turn left and hit an 8-year-old girl, or turn right
and hit many walkers. On top of this “moral dilemma (道德困境)”, if the car doesn’t turn, you could be in danger.
What decision would you want the car to make
When AVs face dangerous situations, should they save people in the car first or walkers Should they put the
greater good above one person’s safety These questions have been under discussion for years, but there is no
perfect answer.
“A moral dilemma is a dilemma; it has no clear answer,” wrote Derek Leben, a professor at the Tepper
22 / 25
School of Business, US, in his paper.
Iyad Radhwan, an MIT scientist studied these questions. He found out that people often think about their
own safety first. “People buying these cars, they want cars that protect the passengers. But they want other people’s
cars to protect walkers instead.”
AVs bring not only moral dilemmas but also problems with rules. If there is an accident, who should be
responsible
In July, 2024, a self-driving taxi by Baidu hit a walker in Wuhan, Hubei, who ran a red light. Baidu worked
with the police and took the walker to the hospital. In another accident in Seattle, US. in April, 2024, it was decided
that the “driver” should be responsible because he was on his phone while in the full self-driving mode (模式).
The situations of different accidents caused by AVs are so complex (复杂的) that “now there are no very
clear laws about it”, said Ji Xuehong, a researcher from North China University of technology.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic of moral dilemmas faced by AVs
A．By giving an example of a hard decision.
B．By explaining what moral dilemmas mean.
C．By describing how self-driving cars work.
D．By introducing the rules for self-driving cars.
2．What does Derek Leben think about the moral dilemma
A．It won’t happen in real life.
B．It is easy to make a choice.
C．There is no perfect answer.
D．Drivers should protect themselves.
3．What is Paragraph 6 mainly about
A．Real-life examples of AV accidents in China.
B．The best ways to deal with the moral dilemma.
C．Rules of driving AVs in big cities like Seattle.
D．Different situations of accidents caused by AVs.
4．What might be Ji Xuehong’s opinion in the last paragraph
A．AVs are hard to drive. B．We need better laws for AVs.
C．AVs can cause a lot of trouble. D．There will be no need for drivers soon.
13
23 / 25
（2025 年浙江省杭州市慧澜中学九年级第一次质量调研英语试题）A volleyball player at the college
where I worked recently stopped by my office. After making a few mistakes during weekend match, she was very
sad. She told me, “I think I’m good at it, and I practice hard. How is this happening ” This student believes she
should be able to control the effects of her life through her hard work. I am noticing a trouble increase in students
like this athlete. They believe that when they win, they feel powerful and smart.
We often talk about young adults fighting with failure because their parents have protected them from
discomfort. But there are some other facts at play here, parents sometimes falsely promise their children that they
can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.
Psychologists (心理学家) think that students have used the mindset (心态) wrongly. They find that praising
children’s effort will increase their performance in schools. But a 2018 research found that although praising effort
over ability may benefit disadvantaged students, it does not necessarily help everyone. For some of them, the big
problem is that it’s not good when the wish for the achievement is over the top. Adults should help students
understand what success means in healthier ways. At Smith College where I teach, students are asked to explore
how challenges made them stronger or more effective. The point is not to tell our kids not to make efforts or try
their best. But imagining that they can control everything is not really resilience (适应力) . We would be wise to
remind them that something unexpected always happens in our lives.
1．Why is the athlete mentioned in the first paragraph
A．To introduce the topic. B．To make an argument.
C．To explain the fact. D．To provide an example.
2．What can we infer from Paragraph 3
A．Psychologists think effort means success.
B．Many students now need the purposes of the achievement.
C．It is difficult for parents to encourage their children to achieve success.
D．It is not wise to always encourage children to make efforts to succeed.
3．Who will benefit most from the message that effort means success
A．The students who have stress. B．The students who are from rich families.
C．The students who are less advantaged. D．The students who are especially smart.
4．What is the right attitude (态度) when facing failure according to the passage
A．Never give in to failure. B．Failure is the mother of success.
C．Failure is a natural part of learning. D．We will win as long as we try our best.
24 / 25
25 / 25阅读理解议论文
(特征、题型与策略)
阅读理解议论文的命题特征、题型设置及解答方法
一、命题特征的深度解析（2022-2024 年）
（一）题材分类的立体化与现实关联
浙江省中考议论文题材紧密贴合核心素养，形成五大核心类别，兼具知识性与教育意义：
1.社会现象与生活决策
[典型试题]2024 浙江卷：宠物饮食健康研究探讨 “人类食物与宠物健康” 的关系；2023 宁波卷：时尚
与健康的权衡批判极端时尚对健康的危害。
[命题逻辑]以日常生活场景为切入点，通过研究数据（如 “22% 慢性肠胃病风险降低”）和具体案例
（如 Cathy 的生日派对噩梦），引导学生形成理性决策思维。
2.教育理念与成长心态
[典型试题]2023 金华卷：“Yet” 的力量倡导成长型思维；2023 嘉兴卷：适时放弃的勇气讨论坚持与放
弃的辩证关系。
[命题逻辑]结合教育实践（如学校改用 “Not yet” 评分制度）和心理学理论（如 “固定型思维” 与 “成长
型思维” 对比），渗透积极价值观。
3.科技伦理与网络安全
[典型试题]2022 宁波卷：展现网络钓鱼的危害并解析 “phishing” 原理；2022 金华卷：社交媒体安全
提醒在线分享风险。
[命题逻辑]以科技发展带来的新问题为背景，通过数据（如 “40 亿条虚假信息”）和真实案例（如 Amy
的网络受骗经历），培养信息甄别能力。
4.自我认知与社会认同
[典型试题]2022 绍兴卷：围绕身体自信的重要性呼吁接纳身体差异；2023 丽水卷：从团队合作的挑
战反思人际协作的复杂性。
[命题逻辑]结合社会心理学理论（如 “自我认同”“群体行为”），通过对比论证（如 “积极心态 vs 焦虑情
绪”）引导自我反思。
1 / 31
5.职业规划与人生选择
[典型试题]2022 舟山卷：围绕父母与孩子的职业沟通讨论代际职业认知差异；2023 杭州卷：从团队
合作的困境分析职场协作难题。
[命题逻辑]以现实职业选择为背景，通过调查数据（如 “75% 父母难提供职业建议”）和专家观点，培
养独立决策意识。
（二）语篇结构的逻辑模式与论证策略
结构类型 典型案例 论证策略 命题高频点
研 究 论 证 2024 浙江卷（宠物饮 数据支撑（8500 只狗参与）
研究目的、数据意义、结论推导 型 食研究） + 原理分析（微生物多样性）
案 例 引 入 2023 嘉兴卷（Roger 名人案例引出论点 + 专家 案例与论点的逻辑关联、建议的可
型 Federer 案例） 建议深化主题 行性
对 比 分 析 2023 金华卷（成长型 概念对比 + 学校实践案例 对比词（in contrast）、案例的支撑
型 vs 固定型思维） + 方法论建议 作用
问 题 解 决 2022 宁波卷（网络钓 问题定义 + 危害分析 + 解 问题 - 原因 - 对策的逻辑链、措施
型 鱼防范） 决方案 的有效性
观 点 辩 论 2023 宁波卷（时尚 vs 现象描述 + 分点论证（饮食 分论点的独立性、总结句的观点强
型 健康） / 穿着 / 发型）+ 总结升华 化
（三）语言特征的论证性与理解中的陷阱
1.论证手法的多样化
数据论证：如 2024 浙江卷 “4,500 只 6 个月以下幼犬”“22% 风险降低”，增强科学性；
引用论证：如 2023 嘉兴卷引用运动心理学家 Eric Bean 的建议，提升权威性；
比喻论证：如 2022 宁波卷将 “phishing” 比作 “钓鱼”，通过类比帮助理解。
2.逻辑连接词的隐含考点
转折词（however, but）：如 2023 嘉兴卷 “Sticking at something...However, learning to let go...”，转
折后为核心论点；
总结词（in fact, therefore）：如 2024 浙江卷 “Dr. Anna Hielm Bjorkman told...Therefore, variety is
important”，引导结论；
举例词（for example, such as）：如 2023 金华卷 “For some, success means being famous, while for
others...”，考查案例与观点的对应。
2 / 31
3.理解中的陷阱
偷换概念：如 2023 宁波卷将 “极端饮食” 的原因从 “追求时尚” 改为 “节省时间”（干扰项），需紧扣
原文 “look good”；
过度推理：如 2023 嘉兴卷不能从 “放弃有时有益” 推断 “应经常放弃”，需严格依据语篇 “理性决策”
的限定；
细节遗漏：如 2022 绍兴卷忽略 “body confidence” 的核心定义，误选 “关注外表” 的选项，需定位
“accepting your body”。
二、题型设置的多维分析与解题策略
（一）细节理解题：论据定位与精准匹配
1. 数据型细节题
[典型试题]2024 浙江卷第 3 题（研究可信度）
Do you get in trouble for feeding your dog on food from dinner under the table A new study suggests that by
sharing “people food”, you might actually be helping to keep your pet healthy.
Many dogs are fed dry processed food. Science has shown that a diet (饮食) of processed food is not healthy
for humans. Scientists from the University of Helsinki, in Finland, say this diet is not good for our pet dogs, either.
The scientists discovered that the food a dog might find in an owner’s home such as eggs, fish, meat and
vegetables may be better than a diet of just dog food. This is because having different kinds of food leads to more
variety (多样性) in microbes, which are little living things, too small to be seen with our eyes. There are millions of
them in human and animal bodies. Some are bad for us, but many are good for us, and they play important roles in
helping us digest (消化) food.
A total of 8,500 young pet dogs took part in the study. 4,500 of them were under 6 months old, and the rest
were between 6 and 18 months old. The owners were asked about what food they had fed their pets and how often.
When the dogs reached adulthood, their owners reported that about 20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms (慢性肠
胃不适症状) such as weight loss. However, if dogs had been fed a mixed diet while young, it was 22% less
possible for them to experience CE symptoms later in life.
Dr. Anna Hielm Bjorkman told The Times of London, “Dog food on sale is described as providing a complete
diet. But what we show is that variety is important. Nobody would give 12 years of the same food to a child—why
should a dog be different ”
3. How does the writer describe the study in Paragraph 4 to make it believable
A. By using pictures. B. By giving examples.
C. By telling stories. D. By listing numbers.
（根据“A total of 8,500 young pet dogs took part in the study.”，“about 20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms (慢
性肠胃不适症状) such as weight loss”和“However, if dogs had been fed a mixed diet while young, it was 22%
less possible for them to experience CE symptoms later in life.”可知，作者通过列数字，使其研究更可信。故选
3 / 31
D。）
解题步骤：定位第四段 “8,500 young pet dogs”“20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms”“22% less
possible”，识别数据论证手法，选 D（列数字）。
陷阱规避：避免将数据与结论割裂，确保选项与 “增强研究可信度” 的论证目的一致。
2. 案例型细节题
[典型试题]2023 嘉兴卷第 1 题（Roger Federer 案例作用）
Roger Federer, a world-famous sports star, quit(放 弃 ) the 2020 Olympic Games to deal with his knee
problem. It was a hard decision because no one wanted to be a quitter. But finding the courage to let go can be good
for you.
Nothing is fun all the time. Sticking at something difficult teaches us important skills like perseverance(毅力).
However, learning to let go when things aren't right is important too. Maybe your heart isn't in playing the piano
any more, or you only play football because your friends do and you want to try a different sport instead. Making
the decision to walk away can free up time and energy to spend on something you really enjoy. In fact, studies
show that letting go of goals you can't reach, or don't really want, can build up your confidence and help you lead a
happier and healthier life.
But how can you know it's time to stop and move on Eric Bean is an expert in sports psychology(心理学)
who helps athletes and teams understand their feelings. He says, “Quitting is never a matter of black and white.” He
suggests thinking carefully about why you aren't enjoying something any more. Is it because you've argued with a
teammate or can't get on with a new art teacher Talk about this with a trusted adult or friend. That can help you
decide whether you should stay and stick, or quit and move on.
Quitting doesn't have to mean totally giving up, though. For example, playing an instrument might be more
fun if you take away the pressure of exams. If you do decide to give up an activity, Bean suggests picking up
another where you can still enjoy things like teamwork, creativity, and exercise.
1.The writer mentions “Roger Federer” in Paragraph 1 to show that .
A.we should never give up
B.we should get away from trouble
C.it's all right to stop and quit
D.it's difficult to win Olympic medals
解题步骤：案例后紧跟论点句 “But finding the courage to let go can be good for you”，推断案例为支
持 “放弃是可接受的”，选 C。
突破技巧：案例通常位于论点之后，注意 “this is why, for instance” 等衔接词。
3. 引用型细节题
[典型试题]2023 金华卷第 2 题（成长型思维判断）
①Does life sometimes seem to be full of impossible problems How many times, for example, do you find
yourself saying things like “I really don't understand this maths problem”, or “I can't get into the school team”
4 / 31
Well, maybe it's time to introduce yourself to the power of “yet”. By adding this simple word, you can change
everything. “I really don't understand this maths problem yet.” “I can't get into the school team yet.” Suddenly, the
impossible becomes possible. You can imagine those things happening.
②I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students' exams. The school find out that the old
pass/fail system wasn't helping students' motivation(积极性). If you passed, then great, but those students who
didn't pass often felt like failures. So now students who don't pass the exams will not see a big red “F” on their
papers; they see a “Not yet” instead. That way the students feel that they are on a journey. They haven't reached the
end, but they know that they are going the right way.
③This kind of thinking is part of what experts call “having a growth mindset”. People with a growth mindset
don't concentrate on failure. They aren't worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep
trying until they do. They enjoy the challenge and believe they can change. In contrast, people who just focus on
the failure have what the experts call “a fixed mindset”. These people are always worried about failure and are
happy to give up when things don't go right. They don't think that they are able to change. Clearly, it is better to
have a growth mindset than a fixed mindset.
④But don't worry if you think that you have a fixed mindset. ▲ . Remember that it all starts with
questioning the things you believe about yourself. Stop believing that you can't or you haven't and realize that you
just can't or haven't yet. Once you start doing this, you'll wonder why you didn't do it before. It's one small but very
powerful word.
2.According to the passage, which one of the following has “a growth mindset”
A.Jack got an “A” in the exam. He was quite happy to tell his parents.
B.David failed in a competition, but he stays confident and keeps trying.
C.Jenny found it hard to work out the maths problem, so she gave it up.
D.Emma was refused by the school team. She didn't want to have another try.
（根据第三段的“They aren't worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep trying until
they do.”可知,B 选项“大卫在一场比赛中失败了,但他保持着自信并不断努力。”中的大卫具有“成长心态”。故
选 B。）
解题步骤：定位第三段 “People with a growth mindset...happy to keep trying until they do”，匹配选项
B（David 失败后继续尝试）。
突破技巧：引用专家观点时，注意 “sb. says, research shows” 等引导词，直接对应观点句。
（二）推理判断题：逻辑链构建与隐含观点挖掘
[典型试题]2023 杭州卷第 4 题（团队合作态度）
We all enjoy being part of a group—there's no better work than teamwork, right Actually, I disagree.
Teamwork can be hard. In fact, it was so difficult that I left my office job and started working from home on my
own. It's a much better fit for me, and it has made me think about why teamwork can make our jobs harder rather
than easier.
Personalities(个性) can make teamwork difficult. There's often someone on the team that puts their needs first.
5 / 31
The team often goes along with this person, whose ideas might not be the best, just the loudest. Just one difficult
personality can make teamwork bine(结合) several challenging personality types, and it's even harder.
Not having enough time together can also make teamwork challenging. For example, I was once on a team
where we never had enough time to meet as a group. To successfully work as a team, you need time together—and
lots of it.
A final reason teamwork is difficult is because there's often no training on how to work on a team. You can't
just put people in a room and expect them to work well with each other. You need to build trust with your team
members. Think of football players: They aren't just given a ball and told to play. They practice, and they train.
Teamwork can be hard, but working alone has its challenges, too. When my computer doesn't work, I don't
have an IT person to turn to. When I have a great idea, I don't have anyone to share it with to see if it really is a
great idea. Don't get me wrong—I still like my team of one and enjoy making all of the important decisions myself.
But now I realize what was wrong with the teamwork I did in the past and how good teamwork could be if done
correctly. And that's useful information—because one day I might want to turn my ME TEAM into a WE TEAM.
4.What is the purpose of the text
A.To show the advantages of teamwork.
B.To tell the importance of teamwork.
C.To introduce the influence of teamwork.
D.To explain the difficulties of teamwork.
（本文第一段作者首先讲述了自己在团队合作中遇到困难后选择在家工作的经历,接着第二、三、四段介绍
了团队合作难的原因。所以说明团队合作中的困难是作者写这篇文章的主要目的。故选 D。）
论证逻辑：第二段 “Personalities can make teamwork difficult”、第三段 “not having enough time”、
第四段 “no training on how to work on a team” 分析困难，末段 “how good teamwork could be if done
correctly” 暗示 “正确团队合作有价值”，选 D（解释团队合作的困难）。
突破技巧：通过 “but, however” 等转折词，区分作者对论点的支持与批判。
（三）词义 / 句义猜测题：上下文线索的深度分析
[典型试题]2022 绍兴卷 “agitated”（第三段）
“I wish I had straight hair”; “I'd like to be taller”. At times, we all want to look a bit more like someone else.
However, the pictures we see on TV and social media can give us improper ideas about how our bodies “should”
look. The truth is that everybody is different—and that's a good thing. Accepting and feeling good about our bodies
is really important for our self-confidence(自信).
Body confidence is when someone accepts and behaves kindly towards their body. That includes our size and
shape, skin color, appearance and any physical disabilities. Jade Parnell from the Centre for Appearance
Research(CAR), says that having body confidence is “about being accepting of your body and what it does for you”.
If you feel positive(积极的) about your body, you are more likely to take care of it. Research has even shown
that you are more likely to take part in activities and perform well in school. However, feeling agitated about your
body could make you step back, do less well at school and even feel down. Parnell says that the cost of trying to
6 / 31
achieve the “perfect” appearance is high. She says, “If you're spending a lot of time trying to look a certain way,
you will have less time to spend with friends and to make important memories.”
It's important to remember that everybody is different. To develop a positive body image, Parnell says, “Try
to talk positively about your own body and other people's bodies. Try not to pay too much attention to appearance.
Instead, think about what your body does for you; do your legs make you run really fast ” She also suggests
treating your body well by eating different kinds of foods, exercising to feel good and to have fun, and getting
plenty of sleep. Remember that you are more than how you look.
2.The underlined word “agitated” probably means “ ”.
A.scared B.serious C.careless D.worried
（根据前面的 However 可知,这里和前两句意思相反,前面说 feel positive 就表现得好,所以这里的意思应该是
和 positive 相对,故此处画线部分意为“焦虑的;烦恼的”。故选 D。）
上下文：前文 “feel positive about your body...perform well”，后文 “make you step back, do less well”，
通过对比推断 “agitated” 为 “焦虑的”，选 D（worried）。
突破技巧：寻找反义词（positive vs agitated）或情感对立词，确定词义倾向。
（四）主旨 / 标题题：核心论点的提炼与干扰项排除
[典型试题]2023 金华卷标题选择
①Does life sometimes seem to be full of impossible problems How many times, for example, do you find
yourself saying things like “I really don't understand this maths problem”, or “I can't get into the school team”
Well, maybe it's time to introduce yourself to the power of “yet”. By adding this simple word, you can change
everything. “I really don't understand this maths problem yet.” “I can't get into the school team yet.” Suddenly, the
impossible becomes possible. You can imagine those things happening.
②I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students' exams. The school find out that the old
pass/fail system wasn't helping students' motivation(积极性). If you passed, then great, but those students who
didn't pass often felt like failures. So now students who don't pass the exams will not see a big red “F” on their
papers; they see a “Not yet” instead. That way the students feel that they are on a journey. They haven't reached the
end, but they know that they are going the right way.
③This kind of thinking is part of what experts call “having a growth mindset”. People with a growth mindset
don't concentrate on failure. They aren't worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep
trying until they do. They enjoy the challenge and believe they can change. In contrast, people who just focus on
the failure have what the experts call “a fixed mindset”. These people are always worried about failure and are
happy to give up when things don't go right. They don't think that they are able to change. Clearly, it is better to
have a growth mindset than a fixed mindset.
④But don't worry if you think that you have a fixed mindset. ▲ . Remember that it all starts with
questioning the things you believe about yourself. Stop believing that you can't or you haven't and realize that you
just can't or haven't yet. Once you start doing this, you'll wonder why you didn't do it before. It's one small but very
powerful word.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
7 / 31
A.The Power of “Yet” B.Two Different Mindsets
C.Nothing Is Impossible D.On the Way to Success
（作者认为 yet(还)是一个很有分量的词,且在我们成长过程中起着重要的作用。选项 A 作为标题最合适。故
选 A。）
核心词：“yet” 在首段 “power of ‘yet’”、第二段 “Not yet” 评分、末段 “you just can't or haven't yet” 重
复出现，选 A（The Power of “Yet”）。
突破策略：统计全文出现 3 次以上的名词 / 动词，排除仅出现一次的细节词（如 “math problem”）。
三、解答方法的系统化构建
（一）三步解题法：从 “读题” 到 “验证”
1.论点定位（1 分钟）
首段扫描：寻找 “however, in fact, I believe” 等观点引导词，如 2024 浙江卷首段 “A new study
suggests...” 直接点明论点。
末段聚焦：关注 “in conclusion, remember, finally” 等总结词，如 2023 宁波卷末段 “your worth is not
decided by your appearance” 升华主题。
2.论据标注（2 分钟）
数据类：用 “□” 标注数字（如 “8,500 young pet dogs”），明确其对论点的支撑；
案例类：用 “○” 标注案例（如 “Roger Federer 放弃奥运会”），注明对应论点；
引用类：用 “△” 标注专家 / 研究观点（如 “Dr. Anna Hielm Bjorkman told...”），区分论据类型。
3.选项验证（1 分钟）
细节题：核对 “关键词 + 逻辑一致”，如 2023 金华卷第 2 题 “growth mindset” 对应 “keep trying”，
排除 “放弃” 选项；
推理题：确保结论基于语篇，如 2022 舟山卷末段 “parents should not decide careers” 推断标题为 D
（父母应否为孩子选职业）；
主旨题：检查选项是否涵盖核心论点，如 2024 浙江卷标题需包含 “宠物饮食多样化”，而非仅 “研究
方法”。
（二）专项题型解题清单
题型 解题工具 案例应用
论据定位表（数据 / 案例 / 2024 浙江卷第 3 题：定位 “8,500 只狗” 数据，选 D（列 细节理解题
引用） 数字）
推理判断题 逻辑关系图（论点 - 论据链） 2023 嘉兴卷第 1 题：案例→论点 “放弃有益”，选 C
8 / 31
上下文线索卡（对比 / 因果 / 词义猜测题
2023 宁波卷 “agitated”：对比 positive，选 D（焦虑） 比喻）
主旨标题题 核心词词云图 + 论点句匹配 2023 金华卷：高频词 “yet”+ 首段论点，选 A
（三）冲刺提分策略
1.题材模块化训练
社会现象类：整理 “研究类” 语篇结构（问题→数据→结论），如 2024 浙江卷、2022 宁波卷；
教育理念类：关注 “对比论证” 结构（如成长型 vs 固定型思维），强化概念区分能力；
科技伦理类：积累 “网络安全” 相关词汇（phishing, password, transfer），理解技术术语。
2.逻辑连接词专项突破
转折类：however, but, instead → 重点关注其后的论点；
因果类：because, therefore, as a result → 明确论据与结论的关系；
举例类：for example, such as → 快速定位案例对应的论点。
3.错题归因与针对性训练
定位错误：强化 “题干关键词→原文原句” 的定位能力，使用荧光笔标注对应词；
推理过度：建立 “语篇唯一原则”，结论必须有明确依据，如 2023 杭州卷末段 “might want to” 表明
可能性，而非必然性；
主旨偏差：练习用 “一句话概括文章”，确保涵盖核心论点，如 “宠物多样化饮食更健康” 而非 “狗的微
生物研究”。
1
（2025 年浙江省宁波市中考一模英语试题）①Birthdays can sometimes be expensive. People often spend
money not just on gifts, but also on food and drinks. So many people have started giving second-hand gifts. But is
it a good choice Let’s look at both sides.
②One reason people choose second-hand gifts is for the environment. Many of us have old toys, books or
games that we no longer use. If we throw them away, they end up in landfills (垃圾堆). In these landfills, things
can take years to break down and harmful gases are produced. Giving away old things instead of throwing them
away can reduce waste and protect the environment. Second-hand gifts are also often cheaper than new ones. What’
s more, reusing things reduces the need to produce more products, which also reduces pollution.
③________ When you give a new gift, you know it’s in perfect condition, and it feels special because it’s
9 / 31
new. People also like receiving something that shows you’ve thought about them, and sometimes, a second-hand
gift might not feel as thoughtful. You may worry that the gift will wear out soon, which can make you feel
uncertain about giving it. People may also feel excited when they receive gifts they have wanted for a long time. Of
course, it’s fine to want the latest toys or books for a birthday gift. After all, it’s their special day.
④In the end, whether you give a second-hand or new gift depends on the situation. Both can show you care,
but it’s important to consider what the birthday person would like the most. What matters most is the thought
behind the gift, no matter if it’s new or old.
1．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Old things. B．New gifts. C．Broken products. D．Harmful gases.
2．Which sentence best fits the blank ________ in Paragraph3
A．Still, some people like second-hand gifts.
B．However, second-hand gifts are always perfect.
C．On the other hand, new gifts have advantages.
D．Also, new gifts are the only choice for special days.
3．What does the writer care most about giving gifts
A．The thought behind the gift. B．The price of the gift.
C．The popularity of the gift. D．The style of the gift.
4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了在生日时赠送二手礼物的利弊。
1．词义猜测题。根据“Giving away old things instead of throwing them away can reduce waste and protect the
environment.”可知，捐赠旧物品而不是扔掉它们可以减少浪费和保护环境。them 指代“old things”。故选 A。
2．推理判断题。根据“When you give a new gift, you know it’s in perfect condition, and it feels special because it’
10 / 31
s new.”可知，本段是介绍新礼物的优势，选项 C“另一方面，新的礼物有优势。”符合。故选 C。
3．细节理解题。根据“What matters most is the thought behind the gift, no matter if it’s new or old.”可知，作者
最关心的是礼物背后的心意。故选 A。
4．篇章结构题。通读文章可知，第一段引出主题，提出是否应该送二手礼物这一问题；第二、三段分别介
绍了送二手礼物和新礼物的优势；第四段进行总结，表达了作者自己的看法。C 选项符合文章结构。故选 C。
2
（2025 年浙江省台州市中考一模英语试题）① How did you spend your last holiday Did you just stare at
a screen from morning till night Well, you are not alone. A new survey shows that the average Chinese person
spends over five and a half hours online every day. That’s a lot of time scrolling (滚屏) and watching videos! But is
this really helping us relax, or is it just making our brains tired
② First, let’s think about how we spend our time online. Most of us watch short videos rather than learning
something new. This kind of low-value material doesn’t help us relax—it actually makes our thinking less clear.
The term “brain rot” perfectly describes what happens when we spend too much time on meaningless online things.
③ Meanwhile, using the internet is like eating your favorite snack: it’s hard to stop. Our phones and tablets
are full of endless short videos and memes, making them like personal fun factories. It’s easy and comfortable to
just sit and scroll for hours, but this “easy fun” comes at a cost. The more time we spend on screens, the less we
enjoy real life. We’re missing out on beautiful sunsets, heartfelt thanks, and fun hobbies. When did our lives
become so boring
④ Also, we’re forgetting how to relax in a meaningful way. Free time shouldn’t just be about watching
Douyin or Bilibili. Instead, it should be a chance to connect with the world. Nature doesn’t have Wi-Fi, but it has
fresh air, sunlight, and birdsong. Spending time with friends in real life is much better than laughing alone at a
meme on your screen.
⑤ In short, life isn’t about how much time you have—it’s about how you use it. Screens are here to stay, but
they shouldn’t take over our free time. The summer holiday is coming soon. Will you choose to do something more
meaningful Remember, “brain rot” is real!
1．What does “brain rot” mean in the passage
A．Enjoying real-life activities. B．Learning something new online.
C．Feeling sad after watching videos. D．Thinking less clearly because of screen time.
2．Why does the author compare Internet to snacks
A．It’s a waste of time. B．It’s not easy to control.
11 / 31
C．It’s bad for one’s health. D．It’s one way to have fun.
3．What does the author suggest for a meaningful holiday
A．Chat with friends online. B．Stay indoors and use Wi-Fi.
C．Spend time in nature or with friends. D．Watch more educational videos.
4．What’s the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A
【解析】本文主要讨论了现代人过度使用互联网对生活的影响，并呼吁人们在假期中做一些更有意义的事情，
而不是沉迷于屏幕。
1．词句猜测题。根据文章第②段“This kind of low-value material doesn’t help us relax—it actually makes our
thinking less clear. The term ‘brain rot’ perfectly describes what happens when we spend too much time on
meaningless online things.”可知，低价值的材料并不能帮助我们放松，反而会让我们的思维变得不清晰。“brain
rot”指的是当我们花太多时间在无意义的网络内容上时会发生的事情，即思维会变得不清晰。故选 D。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第③段“using the internet is like eating your favorite snack: it’s hard to stop.”可知，作
者将互联网比作零食，是因为它像零食一样难以控制。故选 B。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第④段“Nature doesn’t have Wi-Fi, but it has fresh air, sunlight, and birdsong. Spending
time with friends in real life is much better than laughing alone at a meme on your screen.”可知，大自然没有无线
网络，但它有新鲜的空气、阳光和鸟鸣。在现实生活中与朋友共度时光比看着屏幕上的表情包独自大笑要
好得多。由此可知，作者建议在假期中亲近自然或与朋友相处。故选 C。
4．篇章结构题。文章第①段提出问题：使用互联网是否会让我们大脑疲劳；第②至④段分析问题：人们沉
迷于低价值网络内容的现象及其弊端；第⑤段提出建议：呼吁人们在假期中做一些更有意义的事情，而不
是沉迷于屏幕。故选 A。
3
（2025 年浙江省杭州市区中考模拟英语试题）Today, we are talking about money. I can share a bit about
my history with money and my new view when it comes to using green paper.
I made a web page with links to posts about our financial (财政的) journey where you can look for more
details of where we’ve been and how we got where we are now. It was a big part of my story in the past and was a
12 / 31
huge part of our downsizing (精简) journey. We got out of debt and stayed out of debt.
So I feel eager (渴望的) to share the benefits of being on this side. It takes more planning and more careful
thought whenever a dollar is spent now than it did when I had a wallet full of credit cards. I now like to think all of
my dollars doing the job. So many of us work for money and don’t consider that money should work for us, too.
Make your dollars do the job of helping you live the life you want.
Each time money is spent or saved, it should be going toward something that you purposefully want for your
life. Last week I was out and I spent $ 20 on food in 3 days. It made me angry because afterward I thought about
eating is not at all what I want for my life.
On the other hand, there are times I spend $ 20 while out with my family and it doesn’t bother (使烦恼) me
one bit. An afternoon out with my kids during which we stop for ice cream, and do something fun together has a
completely different feel.
In the end, I want the dollars I spend to have purpose like I can enjoy life while still planning and saving for
the future.
1．The underlined words “green paper” in Paragraph 1 refer to “________”.
A．money B．work C．newspaper D．book
2．You can learn about the writer’s history with money ________.
A．by reading posts about their financial journey B．by going on a financial journey
C．by making a web page D．by writing to him
3．In the writer’s opinion, ________.
A．more credit cards should be used in our daily life B．we should work hard to make more money
C．money should help us live better D．saving money is very easy
4．Why does the writer feel happy with the money spent with his family
A．Because the money is spent on food.
B．Because the money is spent in doing something fun.
C．Because eating is what he wants for his life.
D．Because the money goes toward something that he wants for his life.
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．D
【解析】本文讲述了作者通过分享自己在金钱方面的经历，说明每一分钱都有作用，钱应该花在自己生活
中想要的事物上。
1．词句猜测题。根据“Today, we are talking about money.”以及后文内容围绕金钱展开，可推断出“green paper”
13 / 31
在这里指代“money”。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据“I made a web page with links to posts about our financial journey where you can look for
more details of where we’ve been and how we got where we are now.”可知，可以通过阅读关于他们财务历程的
帖子来了解作者的金钱历史，故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Make your dollars do the job of helping you live the life you want.”以及最后一段
“In the end, I want the dollars I spend to have purpose like I can enjoy life while still planning and saving for the
future.”可知，作者认为钱应该帮助我们过上更好的生活，故选 C。
4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“An afternoon out with my kids during which we stop for ice cream, and do
something fun together has a completely different feel.”以及最后一段“In the end, I want the dollars I spend to
have purpose like I can enjoy life while still planning and saving for the future.”可推知，作者和家人一起花钱感
到开心是因为这些钱花在了他想要的生活上，故选 D。
4
（2025 年浙江省初中学校 TZ-8 共同体中考一模英语试题）For more than 100 years, going to the cinema
with friends and family to watch brand-new films has been a tradition that lots of people have loved. Not only is it a
great experience to sit in comfortable seats and eat popcorn, but it’s a chance to watch the latest films on the big
screen. However, in recent years, some people have realised it’s easier and more convenient to watch films in their
own home. What do you think Are cinemas the best place to watch films
Yes—it’s an amazing experience
Going to the cinema is a really fun activity to enjoy with friends and family. It’s a chance to leave the house,
enjoy a film with other people, and even eat some delicious popcorn. Also, ________. The big screen and surround
sound help you lose yourself in a film easily. Lots of films are specially made for the cinema and don’t feel the
same on a TV or laptop. At home, distractions (分心) like stopping for a drink can make the experience bad. The
cinema feels special and lets you truly enjoy the movie.
No—they’re too expensive
It can cost a lot of money to go to the cinema, especially when the whole family is going together. People
don’t just have to pay for tickets but snacks and drinks too. Most popular films usually stay in the cinemas for
around four weeks, and sometimes it doesn’t take long before they’re available on streaming (流媒体) services.
There’s no need to see films at the cinema if they’ll be available to watch at home in a month or two. Streaming
films is much easier too, because people have more control over when they watch the film and can pause (暂停) it
whenever they like.
14 / 31
1．What has been a tradition loved by many people for over 100 years
A．Reading books in the library.
B．Watching streaming films online.
C．Going to the cinema with friends and family.
D．Watching films at home with family members.
2．Which of the following can be put in the “________”
A．nothing is better than watching films at home
B．nothing beats the experience of going to the cinema
C．going to the cinema is the most expensive experience
D．going to the cinema is just like watching movies at home
3．Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “available” in the last paragraph
A．Is the manager available for a meeting now
B．The information is available on the Internet.
C．He’s afraid he isn’t available to help with the show.
D．The problem is getting it all done in the time available.
4．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To explain the history of cinemas.
B．To encourage more and more people to go to the cinema.
C．To compare different kinds of films in cinemas and at home.
D．To show different opinions towards cinema and home viewing.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D
【解析】本文主要就电影院是否是看电影的最佳场所这一问题给出了两种不同的意见。
1．细节理解题。根据“For more than 100 years, going to the cinema with friends and family to watch brand-new
films has been a tradition that lots of people have loved.”可知，100 多年来，许多人喜爱的传统是和朋友和家人
一起去看电影。故选 C。
2．推理判断题。根据“Are cinemas the best place to watch films ”以及“Yes—it’s an amazing experience”可知，
此处表示认为电影院是看电影的最佳场所，可推知，选项 B“没有什么比去电影院的体验更好的了”符合语境。
故选 B。
3．词句猜测题。根据“Most popular films usually stay in the cinemas for around four weeks, and sometimes it
doesn’t take long before they’re available on streaming (流媒体) services.”可知，大多数受欢迎的电影通常会在
15 / 31
电影院上映四周左右，有时很快就会在流媒体服务上播放，所以划线部分的含义是“可获得的；可找到的”，
根据选项可知，B 项“这些信息可以在互联网上找到。”符合。故选 B。
4．主旨大意题。根据“What do you think Are cinemas the best place to watch films ”、“Yes—it’s an amazing
experience”以及“No—they’re too expensive”并通读全文可知，本文主要就电影院是否是看电影的最佳场所
这一问题给出了两种不同的意见。故选 D。
5
（2025 年浙江省中考模拟英语试题）“Let’s brainstorm together!” You might often hear your teachers ask
you to have a group discussion to solve a problem. But is brainstorming really the best way to solve problems,
especially creative ones
The Dutch company WeTransfer did a study of 20,000 people from 197 countries and regions. Most of these
people work in creative jobs, such as writers, musicians and scientists. The results showed that brainstorming was
often unhelpful for solving creative challenges.
“It seems that while working together is important to bring an idea to life, it’s not very helpful for shaping
ideas in the first place,” said Rob Alderson, WeTransfer’s editor-in-chief.
If we give people enough time and space to think clearly, they can come up with better ideas, Alderson aded.
Even Alex Osborn, the father of brainstorming, believed that spending time thinking alone was part of his own
creative process.
However, most companies don’t give their staff enough time and chances to prepare and develop their ideas
on their own. Instead, they often hold too many meetings, which can hurt creativity. More than 40 percent of the
people said meetings were harmful to good thinking.
Spending time alone to think helps you come up with your own ideas and develop independent thinking.
This is especially important when making decisions. Nearly 80 percent of the people in WeTransfer’s study said
they trusted their own instincts (直觉) and research when deciding whether an idea was good.
1．What did WeTransfer’s research find out
A．People waste too much time brainstorming.
B．Brainstorming brings creative people together.
16 / 31
C．Brainstorming is needed to solve creative problems.
D．Brainstorming isn’t very helpful for solving creative challenges.
2．Which idea might Alex Osborn agree with about coming up with good ideas
A．Working with others is important. B．Thinking on your own is helpful.
C．Having discussions in meetings helps a lot. D．Asking for quick answers leads to better ideas.
3．What problems do some companies have according to Paragraph 5
A．Most of their staff can’t speak up. B．They don’t give their staff enough time to think.
C．They don’t know how to hold a creative meeting. D．They care too much about their staff’s creativity.
4．Which is the best title for the passage
A．Better ideas come from thinking alone B．Think twice before making a decision
C．Find someone and share your idea D．Brainstorming develops creativity
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了头脑风暴在解决创造性问题时的有效性。文章引用了 WeTransfer
公司对 20,000 名来自 197 个国家和地区从事创意工作的人的研究结果，指出头脑风暴在形成创意时并不十
分有效，而独立思考则更有助于产生好的想法。文章还提到，许多公司未能给予员工足够的时间和空间进
行独立思考，反而通过过多的会议抑制了创造力。
1．细节理解题。根据“The results showed that brainstorming was often unhelpful for solving creative challenges.”
可知研究结果表明，头脑风暴在解决创造性挑战时往往没有帮助。因此头脑风暴对解决创造性问题并不十
分有效。故选 D。
2．推理判断题。根据“Even Alex Osborn, the father of brainstorming, believed that spending time thinking alone
was part of his own creative process.”可知即使是头脑风暴之父 Alex Osborn 也认为，花时间独立思考是他自己
创作过程的一部分。因此 Alex Osborn 认为独立思考有助于产生好的想法。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据“However, most companies don’t give their staff enough time and chances to prepare and
develop their ideas on their own.”可知然而，大多数公司没有给予员工足够的时间和机会来独立准备和发展他
们的想法。因此许多公司未能给予员工足够的时间进行独立思考。故选 B。
4．最佳标题题。根据“But is brainstorming really the best way to solve problems, especially creative ones ”以及
文章整体内容可知本文的最佳标题应突出独立思考的价值。故选 A。
6
17 / 31
（2024 年浙江省杭州临平区余杭区中考一模英语试题）A bell rings at 7 pm every evening in Mohityache
Avadgaon village, in India, telling people that it is time for everyone to turn off screen devices (设 备 ), like
televisions and mobile phones. At 8:30 pm, the bell rings the second time, telling the 3,000 villagers that
screen-free time is over. The leaders of the village introduced it so that young people could focus on their
homework and not be influenced by funny videos or phone messages. However, some say that a screen simply
allows people to get information — it is not harmful in itself. A person can decide for themselves when to put
down a device. So should you set limits (限制) on screen time
Yes—screen time should be limited
Phones, computers and TV are great ways for getting information and lots of fun. However, they can be
addictive (使人成瘾的) and some people need help to break from them. Even if people are chatting on their phone
or playing online games together, they can still feel lonely. Screen-free time means people can connect with family
and friends in the real world. It’s also a great chance for people to go outside and be active, which is good for their
health. Too much screen time can lead to other problems, such as not sleeping properly and being short on
creativity.
No—people can manage their screen time
Through devices like phones and computers, people can find answers to many questions. Screen time can be
productive—you can read great works of literature (文学), discover wonderful facts or read about important things
happening in the world. It is great for homework and curious minds. Electronic devices also allow friends and
family to stay in touch. Most people naturally take screen breaks, for example when they eat or exercise. People
should be free to judge for themselves how much screen time they should have.
Now that you’ve read a lot about it, tell us what you think on the website theweekiunior.co.uk/polls. Choose
YES if you think screen time should be limited, or NO if you don’t. We’ll show the results next week.
1．How does the writer begin the passage
A．By giving reasons. B．By telling a real event.
C．By comparing examples. D．By listing large numbers.
2．According to Paragraph 2, which of the following are the good points of screen-free time
①Help people get information more easily. ②Make people go outside and be healthy.
18 / 31
③Help people stay alone by themselves. ④Make people connect with the real world.
A．①④ B．②③ C．②④ D．③④
3．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “productive” in Paragraph 3
productive adj.
① Not interesting.
②Doing or achieving a lot.
③Widely accepted and used for a long time.
④Full of new, exciting or dangerous experiences.
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
4．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To encourage readers to manage their screen time freely.
B．To advise readers to manage and control their screen time.
C．To lead readers to form a good habit of doing homework.
D．To collect ideas about whether to cut the screen time.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D
【解析】本文讨论了印度一村庄实行屏幕时间限制的措施，引发关于是否应限制屏幕时间的争议，支持者
认为限制有助于避免上瘾、促进社交和健康，而反对者则认为屏幕时间可带来信息和联系便利，个人应自
由决定使用时间。
1．推理判断题。通读第一段可知，此段讲述了印度一村庄实行屏幕时间限制的措施，由此可知作者以一个
真实的事件开始这篇文章。故选 B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Screen-free time means people can connect with family and friends in the real world. It’s also
a great chance for people to go outside and be active, which is good for their health.”可知，无屏幕时间意味着人
们可以在现实世界中与家人和朋友建立联系。这也是人们外出活动的好机会，这对他们的健康有好处。故
选 C。
3．词义猜测题。根据“Screen time can be productive—you can read great works of literature (文学), discover
wonderful facts or read about important things happening in the world.”可知，在屏幕时间你可以阅读伟大的文学
作品，发现奇妙的事实或阅读世界上发生的重要事情，也就是说在屏幕时间里你可以做很多事情，“productive”
应是“做或完成很多事情”。故选 B。
4．推理判断题。根据“Now that you’ve read a lot about it, tell us what you think on the website”可知，作者想让
读者在网站上写下自己的想法，由此可知作者写这篇文章的目的是收集关于是否减少看屏幕时间的意见。
19 / 31
故选 D。
7
American artist Andy Warhol once said, “In the future , everyone will be world-famous for 15 minutes. ”
Now, thanks to the Internet, the rise of live streamers(网红主播) has kind of shown him correct.
Li Jiaqi ,27, known as the “ Lipstick (口红)Man" for his 2018 super job of selling more than 15000 lipsticks
in five minutes ,is one of the most famous live streamers on Taobao, China's biggest online shopping platform (平
台).With about 50 million followers on popular social media platforms like Sina Weibo, Li has at least several
million fans for each live show.
Live streaming has been a fashion worldwide shopping. About 450 million online shoppers in China paid
more than $4.4 billion (30.89 billion yuan) for goods and products through live streaming platforms in 2018. Live
streaming has not only helped the live streamers like Li become famous, but also helped to grow their own brands.
The new shopping model, with its short videos, is greatly welcomed by those who prefer to stay at home and want
to get the things right away.
While live streaming provides a new fashionable way of shopping, it also has its own problems.
Days before the Double II event this year, Li tried to sell a non-stick frying pan(不粘锅)during his live show.
While he used words like "super" to describe the pan, an egg he was cooking stuck to the pan and burned (燃烧).
The accident has sent people worrying that some live streamers sell sub-standard products with poor after-sales
services .The National Radio and Television Administration sent a notice the next day, asking platforms to check
the quality (质量) of live streamed products and make sure all of the products should have good quality. It tires to
protect customers from being fooled.
Liu Yuanju, a researcher at the Shanghai-based SIFL Institute, once said that the government should make
laws to protect the online shopping, And the customers should be more careful when they buy the things from the
live stream platform
1．From Paragraph I we can know that_________.
A．everyone can be world-famous in the future
B．the Internet offers the possibilities to be famous
C．Live Streamers are the world-famous for 15 minutes.
D．Internet is the most important thing to people
2．Li Jiaqi is called the "Lipstick Man" because he is a man who________.
A．has more than 15,000 lipsticks B．wants to buy 15,000 lipsticks
20 / 31
C．is good at selling the lipsticks D．loves the lipsticks very much
3．The underline word “sub-standard" in Paragraph 5 means the the product is __________.
A．worth buying B．not good enough C．expensive D．cheap
4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．Live streaming, a new way of shopping！ B．Li Jiaqi, a popular live streamers!
C．Live streaming, a wise way of shopping？ D．Say no to live streaming shopping！
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C
【解析】本文介绍了网红主播是一种新的时尚的购物方式，销售产品快，但是有很多问题，消费者在网红
主播购物平台上买东西，应当小心。
1．推理判断题。根据“American artist Andy Warhol once said, “In the future , everyone will be world-famous for
15 minutes. ”Now, thanks to the Internet, the rise of live streamers(网红主播) has kind of shown him correct.”可知，
网红主播世界出名 15 分钟，故选 C。
2．推理判断题。根据“Li Jiaqi ,27, known as the “ Lipstick (口红)Man" for his 2018 super job of selling more than
15000 lipsticks in five minutes ,is one of the most famous live streamers on Taobao, China's biggest online
shopping platform (平台).”可知，李佳奇在线购物平台淘宝上在 5 分钟内卖出了 15000 多支口红，因此他擅
长卖口红。故选 C。
3．词义猜测题。根据“with poor after-sales services”可知，表示产品不够好，故选 B。
4．标题归纳题。根据“While live streaming provides a new fashionable way of shopping, it also has its own
problems.”和“And the customers should be more careful when they buy the things from the live stream platform”
可知，本文介绍了网红主播是一种新的购物方式，但是有很多问题，因此消费者买网红主播的物品时，要
当心，因此本文关于通过网红主播购物是不是一种明智的购物方式。故选 C。
8
（2024 年浙江省舟山市中考三模英语试题）In the wild, wolves with broken legs often face an unlucky
result, waiting for death. Yet, in the Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve (可可西里国家级自然保护区) in Qinghai,
one such wolf had a different fate (命运). It grew from a poor, thin one to a fat, happy wolf because tourists in the
area often fed it.
This “act of kindness” led people to ask: Should tourists feed the wolf Supporters argue that without
feeding, the wolf would die because it couldn’t get food by itself. But those who do not agree with the idea believe
that humans should not mess with (干扰) the natural order. Science, however, provides us with an answer.
Research published in Scientific Reports in June 2019 studied how human feeding influenced the lives of
21 / 31
bottlenose dolphins (宽吻海豚) near Bunbury, Australia. Dolphins there can sometimes get food from the Dolphin
Discovery Centre. After studying more than 10 years of data, the scientists found that dolphins looking for food
from boats had a higher risk of death than those who found food themselves. This is because they may get hit by
boats or caught by fishermen.
Feeding wild animals may lead animals to depend on humans for food, warned Dai Qiang, a scientist at the
Chengdu Institute of Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. What’s more, sick animals may bring diseases
to people who feed them.
So, if we come across a wild animal that seems to need our help, what should we do Does it mean there is
nothing we can do Of course not. Qi Xinzhang, the director of Xining Wildlife Park, advised that ▲
1．Why does the writer talk about the wolf in Qinghai
A．To present the writer’s opinion. B．To guide readers to think.
C．To lead into the subject. D．To introduce the main idea of the passage.
2．Why did the bottlenose dolphins have a higher risk of death according to the text
A．Because they had some diseases.
B．Because they couldn’t get food by themselves.
C．Because humans often mess with the natural order.
D．Because they may be hurt by boats or fishing nets.
3．According to the passage, which of the following is the best to fill in the blank “ ▲ ”
A．it’s necessary to stay away from it.
B．it’s a better choice to throw some food to it.
C．it’s unnecessary to do anything for it because it has its own fate.
D．it’s best to report the animal to the government instead of just feeding it.
4．Which could be the best title for the text
A．Should tourists feed a wild animal B．Animals need our help
C．The wild animals are in danger D．Should wild animals live by themselves
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A
【解析】本文主要讨论了野生动物是否应该被投喂。
1．细节理解题。根据“Yet, in the Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve (可可西里国家级自然保护区) in Qinghai, one
such wolf had a different fate (命运).”以及“This ‘act of kindness’ led people to ask: Should tourists feed the wolf ”
可知，作者提到青海的狼是为了引出文章的话题。故选 C。
22 / 31
2．细节理解题。根据“This is because they may get hit by boats or caught by fishermen.”可知，是因为它们可能
会被船只撞到或被渔网抓住。故选 D。
3．推理判断题。根据“So, if we come across a wild animal that seems to need our help, what should we do Does
it mean there is nothing we can do Of course not.”可知，设空处应该给出建议，如何应对求助的野生动物，选
项 D“最好向政府报告这只动物，而不是仅仅喂它。”符合语境。故选 D。
4．标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据“This ‘act of kindness’ led people to ask: Should tourists feed the wolf…But
those who do not agree with the idea believe that humans should not mess with (干扰) the natural order.”可知，本
文主要讨论了野生动物是否应该被投喂，选项 A“游客应该喂野生动物吗？”适合作为文章标题。故选 A。
9
①There are many arguments(争 论 ) for and against children owning pets. Pets help to keep children
company, help to keep children fit, and they also help children to learn new responsibilities. However, pets can be
dangerous. They require a lot of care, and they cost a lot of money to be taken care of properly.
②The first argument that supports pet ownership by children is that they are good company. When children
come home from school, pets are always there to greet them. They love children and are always willing to play. As
a result, children will be less likely to experience loneliness. They will also help to keep children active as they will
need to be walked and played with every day.
③Secondly, owning a pet encourages children to learn new responsibilities. Pets need to be looked after and
be taken care of every day. Children will learn different skills that they can use later in life. For example, washing
and feeding pets are important skills to learn. Learning these responsibilities will ensure that children will be able to
look after themselves, and possibly their children one day.
④________ Some dogs, for example, may bite others, and children may become afraid of animals as a result
of this happening to them. Cats also look very soft, but they do have very sharp claws(爪子). If they are treated in
the wrong way, cats can use their claws to scratch. In addition, pets require a great deal of care. Many pets need to
be regularly groomed, exercised and bathed. As a result of this, children may neglect their studies because they are
too busy worrying about their pet and its well-being.
⑤A further argument against pet ownership is that pets are costly; buying food and maintaining their care is
23 / 31
expensive. Finally, the cost of owning one falls on parents, and as a result, children don’t fully understand the
responsibility of having one.
⑥In short, there are many arguments for and against pet ownership. Pets help to keep children company, fit,
and they also help them to learn new responsibilities. However, pets can be dangerous, they require a lot of care,
and they cost a lot of money to be taken care of properly.
1．Which of the following sentences can be put into ________ in Paragraph 4
A．On the other hand, some pets can be dangerous.
B．As a result, some animals are very cute for children.
C．So their children can look after more people at school.
D．All in all, having a pet has a good influence on children.
2．The underlined word “neglect” in Paragraph 4 means ________.
A．put an effort in B．pay little attention to
C．have no influence on D．show great interest in
3．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
4．What’s the best title of the passage
A．New Things from Owning Pets
B．Arguments about Owning Pets
C．Allowing Children to Own Pets
D．Looking After Pets in a Right Way
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，分别介绍了支持和反对孩子养宠物的观点。
1．细节理解题。根据第四段“Some dogs, for example, may bite others, and children may become afraid of animals
as a result of this happening to them. Cats also look very soft, but they do have very sharp claws. If they are treated
in the wrong way, cats can use their claws to scratch.”可知，狗会咬人，孩子可能会害怕；猫有锋利的爪子会抓
挠。以此为例说明一些宠物很危险，故选 A。
2．词义猜测题。put an effort in“努力”；pay little attention to“不怎么重视”；have no influence on“没有影响”；
24 / 31
show great interest in“表现出极大的兴趣”。根据“because they are too busy worrying about their pet and its
well-being.”可知，因为孩子们忙于担心他们的宠物，所以会忽视学习。由此可以推测 neglect 与“不怎么重视”
意思相近。故选 B。
3．篇章结构题。第一段介绍支持和反对孩子养宠物的争论有很多。第二段介绍了支持孩子养宠物的第一个
论点：他们是很好的伴侣。第三段介绍了支持孩子养宠物的第二个论点：养宠物可以鼓励孩子学习新的责任。
第四段介绍了反对孩子养宠物的论点：许多宠物很危险，需要恰当的照顾。第五段介绍了反对孩子养宠物
的另一个论点：养宠物的成本很高。第六段总结正反两方面的观点。故选 D。
4．最佳标题题。通过文章可知，本文主要讲述了对于孩子养宠物，存在支持和反对两方面的争论点。故选
B。
10
Leap , spike , score! In the past few months, volleyball has been a hot topic both in the sports world and on
the big screen. Leap, a movie that tells the story of the Chinese women’s national volleyball team, came out on
September 25.
The Chinese women’s national volleyball team has been the pride of the country since winning their first
world championship in 1981. It has won 10 world titles so far. The team’s spirit has encouraged millions of
Chinese to fight tooth and nail even though they know they might fail over the years.
The film Leap starts from the team’s first world championship and spans 35 years to 2016, showing the
struggles of several generations of Chinese players. Hong Kong director Peter Ho-sun Chan directed it. Actress
Gong Li plays Lang Ping, the head coach of the team. Lang Ping’s real-life daughter Bai Lang plays a younger
Lang. She was born in 1992. Younger volleyball players, including Zhu Ting (1994) and Hui Ruoqi (1991), play
themselves in the film.
1．The film Leap starts from to 2016.
A．1981 B．1991 C．1992 D．1994
2．According to passage, we know that .
A．Lang Ping’s daughter Zhu Ting plays a younger Lang
B．the team’s fighting spirit cheer lots of Chinese up
C．Leap shows the history of the Chinese men’s national volleyball match
D．Gong Li is the head coach of the volleyball team
3．What does the underlined phrases “fight tooth and nail” in Paragraph Two mean in Chinese
A．为正义而战 B．全力以赴 C．张牙舞爪 D．伶牙利爪
25 / 31
4．You may read the passage in the part in a newspaper.
A．Travel B．Campus C．Culture D．Film
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D
【解析】这篇短文主要讲述了电影《夺冠》的一些相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据文中“The film Leap starts from the team’s first world championship and spans 35 years to
2016, showing the struggles* of several generations of Chinese players”可知，这部电影从第一次夺冠，到 2016
年 35 年时间，也就是从 1981 年开始。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据文中“The team’s spirit has encouraged millions of Chinese to fight tooth and nail even though
they know they might fail over the years.”可知，女排的精神鼓励了数以百万的中国人全力以赴。故选 B。
3．词句猜测题。根据上文“The team’s spirit has encouraged millions of Chinese”可知，女排的精神鼓励了数以
百万的中国人全力以赴，文中划线“fight tooth and nail”的意思是“全力以赴”。故选 B。
4．推理判断题。根据文中“Leap , spike , score!”可知，本文介绍了电影《夺冠》的一些相关信息，此片文章
可以在新闻电影部分看到。故选 D。
11
Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and a T-shirt to work, including
to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he doesn't look serious this way.
Harvard Business School researcher, Franccsca Gino, has a different idea. While most people seem to think
that dressing differently from those around you generally has a bad influence, she believes it can actually have a
positive(积极的) effect. And she’s done experiments to support her idea. When her researchers, wearing sportswear,
visited the expensive shops an Italy, they were usually viewed as wealthier and more important people than those
who were well-dressed in designer clothes.
Do people always view less formal(正 式 的 ) clothing more positively Researchers in France took their
research out into the street, to the general public. The video they made shows an actor dressed in a well-cut suit and
shiny shoes. While walking along the road, he begins to cough badly, stops to catch his breath and falls down.
Before he even calls for help, people rush to help him. In another video, the actor appears at the same crowded
place and repeats the actions in exactly the same way. But this time, no one comes to help. What’s the difference
He’s wearing untidy clothes and looks like a homeless person. In a situation like this, the clothes you’re wearing
could mean the difference between life and death.
It seems that our clothing doesn’t only change the way others view us, but also the way we see ourselves. In
an experiment testing students’ ability to pay attention to details(细节), the group wearing white lab coats did the
26 / 31
best. Why Researchers told them that they were wearing the doctors coats. The experiment didn’t show whether
such influences would last long. More experiments are needed in the future before we decide to make the doctors’
coats a must of fashion.
1．Mark Zuckerberg is not considered serious by some people because ____.
A．he does not listen to others’ advice B．he sets up a network of video games
C．he wears jeans and a T-shirt to work D．he often plays jokes at business meetings
2．Which of the following is Gino’s opinion according to Paragraph 2
A．It is necessary to buy expensive clothes.
B．Wearing less formal clothes is in fact good.
C．It is bad to dress differently from people around you.
D．Wearing sports clothes makes you look less important.
3．In Paragraph 3, the writer proves(证明) his ( her ) opinion mainly ____.
A．by giving reasons B．by using pictures
C．by comparing facts D．by listing numbers
4．What can we learn from the passage
A．What we wear makes a difference. B．Formal clothing makes a wise man.
C．Our value depends on what we wear. D．Our clothing influences our characters.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A
【解析】本文谈论了 Facebook 的创始人马克 扎克伯格经常穿着牛仔裤和 T 恤衫上班，包括参加重要的商务
会议。这引起了人的争议。哈佛商学院的研究人员 Francsca Gino 赞成穿不正式的服装上班，认为它实际上
能起到积极的作用。有些人不赞同他的穿着，说他看起来不那么严肃。作者认为我们的衣着不仅改变了别
人对我们的看法，而且也改变了我们对自己的看法。举了两个例子：1.一个穿着考究的人和一个穿着凌乱的
衣服，看上去像个无家可归的人倒在同一个拥挤的地上，看人们做出不同的反应。2.在一项测试学生关注细
节能力的实验中，穿白色实验服的小组做得最好。
1．细节理解题。根据第 1 段描述 Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and
a T-shirt to work, including to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he
doesn't look serious this way.（社交网络 Facebook 的创始人马克 扎克伯格经常穿着牛仔裤和 T 恤衫上班，包
括参加重要的商务会议。不是每个人都赞同。有人说他看起来不那么严肃。）可知“有些人认为马克扎克伯
格不严肃，因为他经常穿着牛仔裤和 T 恤衫上班”；故选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据第 2 段第 2 句中 she believes it can actually have a positive(积极的) effect.（她认为它实
27 / 31
际上能起到积极的作用。）可知“穿不太正式的衣服实际上很好”是吉诺的观点；故选 B。
3．细节理解题。通读第 3 段可知作者举了一个穿着考究的人和一个穿着凌乱的衣服，看上去像个无家可归
的人倒在同一个拥挤的地上，看人们做出不同的反应。可知作者主要通过比较事实来证明他的观点。故选 C。
4．主旨理解题。本文谈论了 Facebook 的创始人马克 扎克伯格经常穿着牛仔裤和 T 恤衫上班，包括参加重
要的商务会议。这引起了人的争议。哈佛商学院的研究人员 Francsca Gino 赞成穿不正式的服装上班，认为
它实际上能起到积极的作用。有些人不赞同他的穿着，说他看起来不那么严肃。作者认为我们的衣着不仅
改变了别人对我们的看法，而且也改变了我们对自己的看法。举了两个例子：1.一个穿着考究的人和一个穿
着凌乱的衣服，看上去像个无家可归的人倒在同一个拥挤的地上，看人们做出不同的反应。2.在一项测试学
生关注细节能力的实验中，穿白色实验服的小组做得最好。根据本文主要内容，我们能从本文了解到我们
穿着会产生很大的作用。故选 A。
12
（2025年浙江省初中名校发展共同体中考一模英语试题）Imagine you are in an autonomous vehicle (AV，
自动驾驶车辆) and face this terrible choice: The car must either turn left and hit an 8-year-old girl, or turn right
and hit many walkers. On top of this “moral dilemma (道德困境)”, if the car doesn’t turn, you could be in danger.
What decision would you want the car to make
When AVs face dangerous situations, should they save people in the car first or walkers Should they put the
greater good above one person’s safety These questions have been under discussion for years, but there is no
perfect answer.
“A moral dilemma is a dilemma; it has no clear answer,” wrote Derek Leben, a professor at the Tepper
School of Business, US, in his paper.
Iyad Radhwan, an MIT scientist studied these questions. He found out that people often think about their
own safety first. “People buying these cars, they want cars that protect the passengers. But they want other people’s
cars to protect walkers instead.”
AVs bring not only moral dilemmas but also problems with rules. If there is an accident, who should be
responsible
In July, 2024, a self-driving taxi by Baidu hit a walker in Wuhan, Hubei, who ran a red light. Baidu worked
with the police and took the walker to the hospital. In another accident in Seattle, US. in April, 2024, it was decided
that the “driver” should be responsible because he was on his phone while in the full self-driving mode (模式).
The situations of different accidents caused by AVs are so complex (复杂的) that “now there are no very
clear laws about it”, said Ji Xuehong, a researcher from North China University of technology.
28 / 31
1．How does the writer introduce the topic of moral dilemmas faced by AVs
A．By giving an example of a hard decision.
B．By explaining what moral dilemmas mean.
C．By describing how self-driving cars work.
D．By introducing the rules for self-driving cars.
2．What does Derek Leben think about the moral dilemma
A．It won’t happen in real life.
B．It is easy to make a choice.
C．There is no perfect answer.
D．Drivers should protect themselves.
3．What is Paragraph 6 mainly about
A．Real-life examples of AV accidents in China.
B．The best ways to deal with the moral dilemma.
C．Rules of driving AVs in big cities like Seattle.
D．Different situations of accidents caused by AVs.
4．What might be Ji Xuehong’s opinion in the last paragraph
A．AVs are hard to drive. B．We need better laws for AVs.
C．AVs can cause a lot of trouble. D．There will be no need for drivers soon.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B
【解析】本文主要围绕自动驾驶车辆展开讨论，指出其面临的道德困境。
1．细节理解题。根据“Imagine you are in an autonomous vehicle ... What decision would you want the car to
make ”可知，作者描述了一个自动驾驶车辆面临艰难抉择的场景，通过这个例子引出了自动驾驶车辆面临
的道德困境这一话题。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据“‘A moral dilemma is a dilemma; it has no clear answer,’ wrote Derek Leb