阅读理解之说明文
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
1、复杂文本结构与逻辑关系
结构特征：说明文常采用“总-分-总”或并列/递进逻辑（如因果、对比、分类），需快速识别
段落主旨句（首尾句）及支撑细节。
干扰设计：选项利用“部分正确信息”或“颠倒逻辑关系”设置陷阱（如混淆因果顺序）。
2、专业术语与长难句解析
高频术语：科技类（如“renewable energy”“AI algorithms”）、环境类（如“carbon emission”
“biodiversity”）等词汇需结合上下文理解。
长难句拆分：含定语从句、状语从句的复合句（如“Technologies that reduce pollution, which
are becoming popular in Zhejiang, may help improve air quality”）需剥离主干。
3、细节定位与推理判断
数据干扰：数字、百分比易混淆（如“30% decrease” vs. “30% increase”），需精准定位原文。
抽象概念：如“sustainability”“smart grid”需结合实例具体化。
4、本土化命题趋势
浙江案例：可能涉及生态保护（如千岛湖治理）、科技应用（如杭州亚运会智能场馆）、文
化传承（良渚文化数字化展示）等，需掌握地域特色词汇（如“Zhejiang’s green transition”）。
二、解题步骤与技巧
1、速读定位主题与结构
首尾段分析：首段提出说明对象（如“Zhejiang’s air pollution solutions”），尾段总结观点或
呼吁行动。
段落首句标记：80%的段落首句为主题句，标注后串联逻辑链（如“现象→原因→措施”）。
2、精准查读与信息匹配
题干关键词法：专有名词（如“Yangtze River”“Confucius Temple”）、数 字（ 如“2024 年数据”）
直接定位原文。
同义替换识别：选项可能改写原文（如“renewable energy”对应“solar/wind power”）。
3、逻辑分析与推理判断
因果链梳理：关注“due to”“as a result”等词，理清论据与结论关系（如“数据 A→现象 B→作
者观点 C”）。
排除法应用：剔除含绝对化词汇（must/never）或与原文矛盾的选项。
4、复核查验与细节验证
语法复查：主谓一致、时态一致性（如过去时用“did”而非“do”）。
图表匹配：若含流程图或数据表，需核对数据趋势与原文描述是否一致。
三、2025 年考向预测
1、命题趋势升级
本土化议题主导：
生态保护：如“西湖生态修复工程”“垃圾分类政策”，需掌握术语（如“ecological balance”
“zero-waste community”）。
科技创新：如“杭州 AI 医疗诊断系统”“宁波舟山港智能物流”，需理解功能描述（如
“automatically adjust parameters”）。
多模态文本：可能结合图表（如浙江碳排放数据）与说明文，要求分析数据并论证观点。
2、高频题型分布
细节理解题（50%）：时间、地点、功能描述（如“Why was the policy introduced ”）。
推理判断题（30%）：隐含目的（如“实验结论”）、因果链（如“污染→健康问题→解决方
案”）。
词义猜测题（15%）：结合上下文推测学术词（如“sustainable development”）。
开放态度题（5%）：评价作者立场（如“是否支持新能源推广”）。
3、热点话题预测
环保与可持续发展：如“浙江新能源推广”“塑料污染治理”，需匹配措施与效果（如“reduce
carbon emissions by 30%”）。
科技伦理：如“AI 在农业中的应用”，需分析利弊（如“提高效率但存在数据隐私风险”）。
文化传承：如“绍兴黄酒制作技艺的现代化”，需结合传统与创新（如“digital printing
techniques”）。
四、备考建议
1、高频主题与词汇积累
分类整理模板：
主题 关键词 范文片段
carbon neutrality, renewable "Adopting solar energy helps Zhejiang achieve 环保
energy carbon neutrality by 2030."
"While AI improves efficiency, its ethical 科技 AI ethics, smart cities
dilemmas require strict regulations."
"The digital exhibition showcases Hangzhou's 文化 silk culture, heritage conservation
silk-making traditions."
2、真题模拟与策略优化
限时训练：每篇控制在 8-10 分钟，模拟考场节奏（前 2 分钟速读，后 6 分钟精析）。
浙江真题精练：重点练习 2024 年“AI 农业应用说明文”、2023 年“垃圾分类争议”，熟悉本土
命题风格。
3、长难句与逻辑专项突破
句子主干提取：划出主谓宾，忽略修饰成分（如定语从句），快速定位核心信息。
逻辑词标记：圈画 but/however/therefore，预判上下文关系。
4、文化背景拓展
本土知识积累：
浙江特色：千岛湖（Qiandao Lake）、良渚文化（Liangzhu Culture）、大运河文化带。
跨文化知识：国际环保协议（如《巴黎协定》）、科技伦理案例（如自动驾驶责任归属）。
总结：2025 年浙江中考说明文将更注重本土议题深度分析与逻辑思辨能力，考生需通过“结
构拆解+语境推理”双轨突破，强化高频考点（主旨归纳、态度推断）及复合题型应对。建议
结合真题限时训练、文化词汇积累及逻辑链专项训练，全面提升文本分析与解题能力。
【基础试题】
A
When I was seven years old, I saw a magic trick (把戏) for the first time. One day, my
uncle took out a coin from his pocket and made it disappear! Everyone in the room couldn’t
believe that. It was so interesting that I wanted to learn how he did it. Ever since that day, I wanted
to become a magician.
Soon, I learned many new tricks. The truth is that magic tricks are not really “magic”. Most
magic is a type of trick on your eyes. Magicians make people pay attention to something else.
Some magic tricks just use simple science. Let me give you an example. It’ll be our little secret,
okay
This one is called the toothpick trick. You’ll need a dish of water and some toothpicks.
First, put some soap (香皂) on the tip of a toothpick. Let the soap dry. This will be your “magic
toothpick”. Then make a triangle (三 角 形 ) using three other toothpicks on the surface of the
water. Now you are ready to show your trick.
When you put the tip of the “magic toothpick” into the water, the triangle will break into
parts. This will only happen once. Then, you can make the shape again and let someone else try.
Nothing will happen! When people ask you how you do it, you can say, “It’s just magic.” But
actually, the soap on the “magic toothpick” breaks the water’s surface just once. This makes the
toothpicks move. Simple science!
Now you can be a magician. Try this trick next time. Your family and friends will be
amazed!
1．How did the writer feel about the uncle’s magic show
A．Bored. B．Disappointed. C．Scared. D．Amazed.
2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．The fun of magic tricks. B．The history of magic tricks.
C．The truth about magic tricks. D．The development of magic tricks.
3．Which of the following shows the right order according to the example
A．a, d, c, b B．a, d, b, c C．a, c, b, d D．a, c, d, b
4．What can be the best title for the text
A．Fun Toothpick Games B．Fun Experiments with Soap
C．The Magic Tricks of Science D．The Magic Tricks for Beginners
B
Imagine being a business that regularly takes high quantities of your own products worth
millions of pounds and burns them up. Your stock (库存) literally goes up in smoke. It sounds
crazy, but the practice is common for some of the world’s biggest clothing manufacturers. They
argue that it is the most cost-effective way of maintaining their brand’s exclusivity (独特性).
The clothes that are burned are those that do not sell at a high enough price. Rather than
watch them go on sale, the companies would set fire to them and regain a small amount of energy.
Nobody knows exactly how much unsold stock is burnt annually by those fashion houses,
but burning clothes has various negative impacts on the environment. For example, burning
clothes made from artificial fibers may release plastic microfibers into the atmosphere, which
worsens global warming. A UK parliamentary committee report on sustainability and the fashion
industry advises the government to ban the burning of unsold stock if it can be reused or recycled.
Actually, there are other approaches. What if those companies had a section tasked with
taking back unsold clothes, redesigning them into new products, and shipping out the new
products to the market once again
There is also now an opportunity to focus on biodegradable (可 生 物 降 解 的 ) fabrics.
Clothes that break down faster might not have to be burned. They would also appeal to those who
care about the environmental impact of their own wardrobes.
Additionally, we have an over-production problem. According to the World Bank, while
clothing sales have risen steadily since 2000, clothing utilization has fallen at roughly the same
rate. For every extra T-shirt that is sold, it will be worn roughly half as much as it would have
been 20 years ago. That means better forecasting market trends would in theory result in less
waste.
Burning clothes won’t happen simply through fashion firms. The scale of fashion
production has to change. And it’s important to recognize that these consumer-focused brands will
only go where the market takes them. If protecting the environment really matters to the public,
they have to make clear that they want more sustainable clothing in the first place.
Without consumers demanding that, it won’t change.
1．According to the passage, why do clothing firms choose to burn instead of selling clothes at a
discount
A．They don’t want to be copied. B．It costs the least and profits the most.
C．There are quality problems. D．The manufacturer went bankrupt.
2．Paragraph Three mainly talks about ________.
A．how important the UK parliamentary committee report is
B．why fashion firms should end burning unsold stock
C．why fashion firms burn unsold clothes in large numbers every year
D．how artificial fabrics will contribute to global warming
3．The underlined expression “clothing utilization” in the sixth paragraph means ________.
A．how long clothing last B．how well clothing sells
C．how often clothing is used D．how clothing is designed
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Consumers play a key role in stopping burning clothes.
B．Burning clothes is a better option for every fashion firm.
C．The secret that some fashion firms burn clothes is well kept.
D．Today’s clothes are better than those two decades ago.
C
For teenagers who want to join the army and also dream of being a pilot, here comes a great
choice.
The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Navy (中国人民解放军海军) started selecting (选
拔) students from middle schools in 14 provincial-level for its teen pilot program. There are nearly
4, 500 qualified applicants (合格的申请者).
According to the Navy, applicants for this year’s teen pilot program should be born
between Aug31, 2006 and Aug 31, 2009; have a height between 162 and 181centimeters; and be
neither too thin nor overweight. They must be free of certain diseases, and their blood pressure
and vision (视力)must meet the Navy’s standards for its pilots.
If applicants pass all rounds of selection, they will go to a cooperating (合作) high school in
each of the 14 regions for the three-year program. They will take classes and receive training in
naval (海军的) and flight knowledge.
After three years, those who pass the necessary tests can go to naval aviation academies (航
空院校) or some of China’s top universities including Peking University and Tsinghua University.
These universities work with the Navy for pilot training.
The program, which started in 2015, is set to attract students who are interested in aviation
and are fit for military (军事的) flight. It’s to build a talent pool for the Navy.
The Chinese Navy is doing its best to meet the needs of aircraft carrier (航 空 母 舰 )
development. This way of selection can help find potential (潜在的) pilots for specific (特定的)
training as early as possible and strengthen the cultivation (培养) of young talents.
1．What things are mainly considered in the selection process
A．Health, age, weight and height. B．Family background, age, and height.
C．School, age, health and family background. D．Age, blood type and weight.
2．What do students do before they can go to naval aviation academies
A．Take classes in their middle school. B．Fly as a pilot for more than three years.
C．Study in China’s top universities. D．Get specific training for three years.
3．What’s the purpose of the program
A．To find and train talented pilots from a young age.
B．To help high school students learn about future choices.
C．To make more people interested in aviation.
D．To help the Chinese Navy build new aircraft carriers.
4．What’s the best title for this article
A．A special high school for Chinese teenagers
B．PLA Navy is looking for young pilots
C．PLA Navy is working with China’s top universities
D．How to take part in the teen pilot program
【提升试题】
A
On March 21, 2025, the Shenzhou XIX crew successfully finished their third spacewalk
outside China’s Tiangong space station. The China Manned Space Agency announced that Senior
Colonel Cai Xuzhe and Lieutenant Colonel Song Lingdong worked outside station for nearly
seven hours, while Lieutenant Colonel Wang Haoze stayed inside to assist them. This mission (使
命) marks another important step in China’s space exploration.
The astronauts used a robotic arm and received support from ground control to complete
several tasks. They installed protective shields (防 护 罩 ) against space debris (碎 片 ), set up
external equipment, and checked the condition of devices outside the station. These efforts help
ensure the space station’s safety and prepare it for future scientific work.
This spacewalk was the 20th ever conducted by Chinese astronauts. For Senior Colonel
Cai, it was his fifth time working in space outside a spacecraft—a record for Chinese astronauts.
Previously, he completed two spacewalks during the Shenzhou XIV mission in 2022. During the
current Shenzhou XIX mission, Cai and Song made history in December 2024 by spending over
nine hours outside Tiangong, breaking the world record set by American astronauts in 2001.
The Shenzhou XIX team, launched on October 30, 2024, from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch
Center, became the eighth group to live and work on China’s space station. Since arriving, they
have carried out numerous scientific experiments and technical tasks. Their work has provided
valuable data for space research and shown China’s growing abilities in space technology.
The crew is scheduled to return to Earth in late April or early May 2025, ending their
six-month mission. Their achievements remind us of the courage and skill required for space
exploration while inspiring young people to learn about science and technology.
1．What was one of the main purposes of the astronauts’ tasks during the spacewalk
A．To test new spacesuits for longer missions.
B．To communicate with astronauts from other countries.
C．To take photographs of Earth’s surface.
D．To prepare the station for future scientific activities.
2．What does the underlined word “current” mean in Paragraph 3
A．Past. B．Future. C．Present. D．Important.
3．What can we infer from Shenzhou XIX being the 8th team on the space station
A．China has already mastered all space station technology.
B．China’s space station program is continuously developing.
C．The space station has achieved most of its scientific goals.
D．All teams have made equal contributions to the space station.
4．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．The challenges of living in a space station.
B．A historic space mission and its achievements.
C．How to become an astronaut in China.
D．The dangers of space life.
B
①You’ve already noticed that some people are right-handed while others are left-handed.
But did you know that elephants are left-or right-trunked People can tell this by looking at the
wrinkles (皱纹) on their trunks (the long nose of an elephant), a study in Science found.
②Elephants can use their trunks to do many things like picking up food, spraying water or
sand across their backs to cool off, and sending warnings to other elephants. The muscles (肌肉)
and wrinkles of the trunks help them do these things. Wrinkles make the trunk move flexibly (灵
活地).
③Scientists found that elephants like to bend (弯曲) their trunks to one side to put food in
their mouths. Over time, this side of their trunks gets more wrinkles than the other. This is what
makes them either left-or right-trunked.
④The chances of elephants being left-trunked or right-trunked are about 50:50. This is very
different from people. For us, the chances of being left-handed or right-handed are about 10:90,
according to CBS News. And for other animals such as kangaroos, the chances are about 95:5.
This is interesting, isn’t it
⑤More interestingly, Asian elephants have more wrinkles on the top of their trunks than
African elephants. African elephants have two finger-like structures (结构) at the end of their
trunks to hold things, but Asian elephants have only one. So, Asian elephants wrap their trunks
around things to hold them more often than African elephants do. This leads to more wrinkles.
1．________ make (s) the trunk flexible.
A．The top of the mouth B．Muscles
C．Wrinkles D．The finger-like structure
2．About ________ out of every 50 elephants are left-trunked.
A．5 B．25 C．45 D．48
3．Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ________.
A．the muscles and wrinkles of the trunks help elephants a lot
B．elephants like to bend their trunks to one side to put food in their mouths
C．the difference between Asian elephants and African elephants
D．the reason why wrinkles can tell us if an elephant is left-or right-trunked
4．The purpose of the passage is to tell us ________.
A．more about elephants
B．to care for elephants
C．left-and right-trunked elephants are different
D．about Asian elephants and African elephants
C
Do you think stars don’t move Think again! When you look into the sky at night, the stars
may appear to stay in place. But stars are always on the move – they’re just so far away that the
motion (运动) is hard to see.
But some stars move in ways that appear too strange to be real. In 2005, astronomer (天文
学家) Warren Brown found one of these strange things. It was located on the outer edge of the
Milky Way, the galaxy (星系) we live in. The star was speeding away like nothing he’d ever seen.
“It seemed strange. No star in the galaxy has a speed like that,” Brown remembers. “I thought, oh
my goodness, I have something kind of special here.”
No one had ever seen a star like this one. What does a scientist do when the results don't
make sense Brown didn’t give up. Instead, he kept looking. And he kept finding more of these
strange and speedy stars, called hyper velocity stars. “Hyper” means “above” and “velocity” has to
do with speed. He and his team just found six more of these “above speed” stars, bringing the total
to 16.And he says, he’s found even more, and is just waiting for the scientific community to
confirm them.
1．In 2005, astronomer Warren Brown found ________.
A．a star was speeding away very fast B．a star was moving away very slowly
C．some stars were not real D．some stars were not in the Milky Way
2．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Stars never move at all. B．No stars in the galaxy has a fast speed.
C．It’s hard to see the stars moving. D．Brown has never seen something special.
3．The underlined word “hyper velocity” in the last paragraph probably means “________”.
A．匀速的 B．超速的 C．超重的 D．超常的
4．The writer writes this passage to tell us ________.
A．something about an astronomer B．where the Milky Way is
C．something about the speedy stars D．how scientists do their research
【拔高试题】
A
①Recent studies suggest plants might “communicate” in ways humans are only beginning
to understand. Researchers at the University of Nanjing have discovered that when plants are
under stress—such as insect attacks or not having enough water—they let out airborne chemicals
called volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These VOCs are like messages to neighboring plants
and make them start their protection ways.
②For example, when a tomato plant is bitten by caterpillars, it gives out some special
VOCs. Nearby plants detect these chemicals and begin producing bad-tasting things in their
leaves, so insects don’t like them as much. This phenomenon, which we call “plant
eavesdropping”, challenges the traditional view of plants as passive living things.
③To test this further, scientists designed an experiment. They placed healthy bean plants in
airtight chambers (密闭舱) next to chambers with plants that have little pests (害虫). Within 24
hours, the healthy plants began turn on their protection genes, even though they had no direct
contact with the pests.
④How do plants “hear” these messages The answer lies in their leaves. Tiny holes called
stomata not only control the air coming in but also take in VOCs from the air. Once they take
them in, the chemicals make the plant’s cells to something to get ready for possible dangers.
⑤This discovery has practical points. Farmers could potentially use synthetic VOCs to
“warn” crops of coming pest attacks, reducing pesticide use. As Dr. Li Wei, the lead researchers,
stated, “Plants have been talking all along—we just needed to learn their language.”
1．Which paragraph explains HOW plants detect chemical messages
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
2．Where does the following sentence best fit
“Surprisingly, the healthy plants showed no physical harm but still started protective steps.”
A．After① B．After② C．After③ D．After④
3．Which conclusion is supported by the experiment in paragraph ③
A．Plants only react to direct physical contact.
B．Airborne chemicals alone can start plant protection ways.
C．Stomata are useless in pest resistance (抵抗).
D．Synthetic VOCs harm crop growth.
4．What type of writing is this text
A．A fictional story B．A historical report
C．An opinion essay D．A scientific explanation
B
①Recently, a primary school in Changsha, has put Virtual Reality (VR) technology (虚拟
现实技术) to good use in an English class. When the students put on the VR glasses, it seemed
that they were taken into a new world where they could see, touch and feel. The world felt so real
that they could enjoy the views along the way while allowing more knowledge to be kept in mind.
②VR language learning is now starting to be widely used in many schools. Think of it like
this. Now you are learning English in China, you don’t have the atmosphere to use English, but if
you learn English in English-speaking countries like America or the UK, it’ll be much easier for
you to make progress.
③Nowadays, a lot of apps have also been designed to serve VR language learning. The app
“House of Languages” is one of them. It is already available on the Samsung VR. It can sense
your movement and the acts of your eyeballs, arms and hands, so you don’t have to sit still like in
traditional classes.
④When you are learning English in it, a lovely racoon (浣熊) called Mr. Woo, will guide
you to communicate in English. You can use English by finishing tasks Mr. Woo gives you. For
example, you will be asked to find “certain things” at your “home” according to the English words
that Mr. Woo gives you. After you’ve found these “things”, you should “take them”, “come back”
to Mr. Woo and “give them” to him. Then he will say thanks to you. Sometimes, Mr. Woo may
have some activities like a family party so that you will have more tasks to finish in that situation.
You will learn English so quickly that you will even forget you are learning.
⑤Virtual Reality is showing increasing promise in language education and the day isn’t far
away when it will become one of the main medias in education. What about you Would you learn
a new language in Virtual Reality
1．What does the underlined word “atmosphere” mean in paragraph ②
A．skill B．plan C．environment D．ability
2．What is the good thing about using the app “House of Languages”
A．It’s got better teachers than the other apps.
B．It makes English learners finish tasks in a situation.
C．Learning on this app costs less money than in a real class.
D．Students can learn English without moving around.
3．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage
(①=Para.1, ②=Para.2, ③=Para.3, ④=Para.4, ⑤=Para.5)
A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①②③/④⑤ D．①②/③④/⑤
4．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To make people believe in language education.
B．To promise students a better language learning app.
C．To welcome the birth of VR language learning in Changsha.
D．To introduce how VR technology is used in language learning.
C
In fact, the Nordic country (北欧国家) has come top of the UN World Happiness Report for
the last six years! The report ranks 150 countries in order of their happiness. This year the top ten
countries are： 1.Finland 2.Denmark 3.Iceland 4.Israel 5.Netherlands 6.Sweden 7.Norway
8.Switzerland 9.Luxembourg 10.New Zealand.
The UK came 19th behind the US (15th), Ireland (14th) and Australia (12th), the report
found that levels of benevolence (慈善) are actually higher now than before the COVID-19.
The report also noticed a link between altruism and happiness. Altruism is when you help
someone else without expecting anything in return. That could be doing things such as donating
money, volunteering, helping strangers or giving blood.
The report found a positive relationship between happiness and all of these altruistic
behaviors. It also said that when people receive kind acts they are then more likely to be altruistic,
too. So, not only does being altruistic seem to make people happier, it encourages others to be
kinder, too. “The overall goal is a happier society, but we only get there if people make each other
happy (and not just themselves).”
1．All these countries are in the top ten EXCEPT ________.
A．the UK B．Finland
C．Netherlands D．Switzerland
2．The meaning of altruism in Paragraph 3 is ________.
A．利己主义 B．利他主义
C．完美主义 D．享乐主义
3．What is the relationship between happiness and all of these altruistic behaviors ________
A．A bad relationship.
B．No relationship.
C．A positive relationship.
D．A common relationship.
4．What do we know from the passage ________
A．There can be a happier society if people make themselves happy.
B．Levels of benevolence are actually lower now than before the COVID—19.
C．When people receive kind acts they are then more likely to be helpful to others.
D．Doing things such as donating money, volunteering will not make people happy.阅读理解之说明文
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
1、复杂文本结构与逻辑关系
结构特征：说明文常采用“总-分-总”或并列/递进逻辑（如因果、对比、分类），需快速识别
段落主旨句（首尾句）及支撑细节。
干扰设计：选项利用“部分正确信息”或“颠倒逻辑关系”设置陷阱（如混淆因果顺序）。
2、专业术语与长难句解析
高频术语：科技类（如“renewable energy”“AI algorithms”）、环境类（如“carbon emission”
“biodiversity”）等词汇需结合上下文理解。
长难句拆分：含定语从句、状语从句的复合句（如“Technologies that reduce pollution, which
are becoming popular in Zhejiang, may help improve air quality”）需剥离主干。
3、细节定位与推理判断
数据干扰：数字、百分比易混淆（如“30% decrease” vs. “30% increase”），需精准定位原文。
抽象概念：如“sustainability”“smart grid”需结合实例具体化。
4、本土化命题趋势
浙江案例：可能涉及生态保护（如千岛湖治理）、科技应用（如杭州亚运会智能场馆）、文
化传承（良渚文化数字化展示）等，需掌握地域特色词汇（如“Zhejiang’s green transition”）。
二、解题步骤与技巧
1、速读定位主题与结构
首尾段分析：首段提出说明对象（如“Zhejiang’s air pollution solutions”），尾段总结观点或
呼吁行动。
段落首句标记：80%的段落首句为主题句，标注后串联逻辑链（如“现象→原因→措施”）。
2、精准查读与信息匹配
题干关键词法：专有名词（如“Yangtze River”“Confucius Temple”）、数 字（ 如“2024 年数据”）
直接定位原文。
同义替换识别：选项可能改写原文（如“renewable energy”对应“solar/wind power”）。
3、逻辑分析与推理判断
因果链梳理：关注“due to”“as a result”等词，理清论据与结论关系（如“数据 A→现象 B→作
者观点 C”）。
排除法应用：剔除含绝对化词汇（must/never）或与原文矛盾的选项。
4、复核查验与细节验证
语法复查：主谓一致、时态一致性（如过去时用“did”而非“do”）。
图表匹配：若含流程图或数据表，需核对数据趋势与原文描述是否一致。
三、2025 年考向预测
1、命题趋势升级
本土化议题主导：
生态保护：如“西湖生态修复工程”“垃圾分类政策”，需掌握术语（如“ecological balance”
“zero-waste community”）。
科技创新：如“杭州 AI 医疗诊断系统”“宁波舟山港智能物流”，需理解功能描述（如
“automatically adjust parameters”）。
多模态文本：可能结合图表（如浙江碳排放数据）与说明文，要求分析数据并论证观点。
2、高频题型分布
细节理解题（50%）：时间、地点、功能描述（如“Why was the policy introduced ”）。
推理判断题（30%）：隐含目的（如“实验结论”）、因果链（如“污染→健康问题→解决方
案”）。
词义猜测题（15%）：结合上下文推测学术词（如“sustainable development”）。
开放态度题（5%）：评价作者立场（如“是否支持新能源推广”）。
3、热点话题预测
环保与可持续发展：如“浙江新能源推广”“塑料污染治理”，需匹配措施与效果（如“reduce
carbon emissions by 30%”）。
科技伦理：如“AI 在农业中的应用”，需分析利弊（如“提高效率但存在数据隐私风险”）。
文化传承：如“绍兴黄酒制作技艺的现代化”，需结合传统与创新（如“digital printing
techniques”）。
四、备考建议
1、高频主题与词汇积累
分类整理模板：
主题 关键词 范文片段
carbon neutrality, renewable "Adopting solar energy helps Zhejiang achieve 环保
energy carbon neutrality by 2030."
"While AI improves efficiency, its ethical 科技 AI ethics, smart cities
dilemmas require strict regulations."
"The digital exhibition showcases Hangzhou's 文化 silk culture, heritage conservation
silk-making traditions."
2、真题模拟与策略优化
限时训练：每篇控制在 8-10 分钟，模拟考场节奏（前 2 分钟速读，后 6 分钟精析）。
浙江真题精练：重点练习 2024 年“AI 农业应用说明文”、2023 年“垃圾分类争议”，熟悉本土
命题风格。
3、长难句与逻辑专项突破
句子主干提取：划出主谓宾，忽略修饰成分（如定语从句），快速定位核心信息。
逻辑词标记：圈画 but/however/therefore，预判上下文关系。
4、文化背景拓展
本土知识积累：
浙江特色：千岛湖（Qiandao Lake）、良渚文化（Liangzhu Culture）、大运河文化带。
跨文化知识：国际环保协议（如《巴黎协定》）、科技伦理案例（如自动驾驶责任归属）。
总结：2025 年浙江中考说明文将更注重本土议题深度分析与逻辑思辨能力，考生需通过“结
构拆解+语境推理”双轨突破，强化高频考点（主旨归纳、态度推断）及复合题型应对。建议
结合真题限时训练、文化词汇积累及逻辑链专项训练，全面提升文本分析与解题能力。
【基础试题】
A
When I was seven years old, I saw a magic trick (把戏) for the first time. One day, my
uncle took out a coin from his pocket and made it disappear! Everyone in the room couldn’t
believe that. It was so interesting that I wanted to learn how he did it. Ever since that day, I wanted
to become a magician.
Soon, I learned many new tricks. The truth is that magic tricks are not really “magic”. Most
magic is a type of trick on your eyes. Magicians make people pay attention to something else.
Some magic tricks just use simple science. Let me give you an example. It’ll be our little secret,
okay
This one is called the toothpick trick. You’ll need a dish of water and some toothpicks.
First, put some soap (香皂) on the tip of a toothpick. Let the soap dry. This will be your “magic
toothpick”. Then make a triangle (三 角 形 ) using three other toothpicks on the surface of the
water. Now you are ready to show your trick.
When you put the tip of the “magic toothpick” into the water, the triangle will break into
parts. This will only happen once. Then, you can make the shape again and let someone else try.
Nothing will happen! When people ask you how you do it, you can say, “It’s just magic.” But
actually, the soap on the “magic toothpick” breaks the water’s surface just once. This makes the
toothpicks move. Simple science!
Now you can be a magician. Try this trick next time. Your family and friends will be
amazed!
1．How did the writer feel about the uncle’s magic show
A．Bored. B．Disappointed. C．Scared. D．Amazed.
2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．The fun of magic tricks. B．The history of magic tricks.
C．The truth about magic tricks. D．The development of magic tricks.
3．Which of the following shows the right order according to the example
A．a, d, c, b B．a, d, b, c C．a, c, b, d D．a, c, d, b
4．What can be the best title for the text
A．Fun Toothpick Games B．Fun Experiments with Soap
C．The Magic Tricks of Science D．The Magic Tricks for Beginners
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C
【难度】0.85
【知识点】科普知识、方法/策略、说明文
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者因叔叔的魔术表演对魔术产生兴趣，进而了解到魔术背后的真
相，并介绍了一个基于简单科学原理的牙签魔术。
1．细节理解题。根据“One day, my uncle took out a coin from his pocket and made it disappear!
Everyone in the room couldn’t believe that. It was so interesting that I wanted to learn how he did
it.”可知，作者看到叔叔的魔术表演后，觉得非常有趣，并且不敢相信，这种表现体现出作
者是感到惊奇的。故选 D。
2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The truth is that magic tricks are not really ‘magic’. Most magic is a
type of trick on your eyes. Magicians make people pay attention to something else. Some magic
tricks just use simple science.”可知，这段主要讲述了魔术并非真正的魔法，多数魔术是视觉
上的把戏，还会用到简单科学知识，也就是在阐述魔术背后的真相。故选 C。
3．推理判断题。根据“This one is called the toothpick trick. You’ll need a dish of water and some
toothpicks. First, put some soap on the tip of a toothpick. Let the soap dry. This will be your
“magic toothpick”. Then make a triangle using three other toothpicks on the surface of the water.
Now you are ready to show your trick. When you put the tip of the "magic toothpick" into the
water, the triangle will break into parts.”可知，首先是准备装水的盘子 a，接着制作魔法牙签，
即给牙签尖端涂肥皂并晾干 d，然后用另外三根牙签在水面摆成三角形 c，最后将魔法牙签
放入水中，三角形散开 b。所以正确顺序是 a, d, c, b，故选 A。
4．最佳标题题。文章先是讲述作者对魔术的兴趣，接着介绍魔术背后的科学原理，并列举
了牙签魔术的例子，整体围绕科学原理在魔术中的应用展开。选项 C“科学的魔术把戏”符合
文章标题。故选 C。
B
Imagine being a business that regularly takes high quantities of your own products worth
millions of pounds and burns them up. Your stock (库存) literally goes up in smoke. It sounds
crazy, but the practice is common for some of the world’s biggest clothing manufacturers. They
argue that it is the most cost-effective way of maintaining their brand’s exclusivity (独特性).
The clothes that are burned are those that do not sell at a high enough price. Rather than
watch them go on sale, the companies would set fire to them and regain a small amount of energy.
Nobody knows exactly how much unsold stock is burnt annually by those fashion houses,
but burning clothes has various negative impacts on the environment. For example, burning
clothes made from artificial fibers may release plastic microfibers into the atmosphere, which
worsens global warming. A UK parliamentary committee report on sustainability and the fashion
industry advises the government to ban the burning of unsold stock if it can be reused or recycled.
Actually, there are other approaches. What if those companies had a section tasked with
taking back unsold clothes, redesigning them into new products, and shipping out the new
products to the market once again
There is also now an opportunity to focus on biodegradable (可 生 物 降 解 的 ) fabrics.
Clothes that break down faster might not have to be burned. They would also appeal to those who
care about the environmental impact of their own wardrobes.
Additionally, we have an over-production problem. According to the World Bank, while
clothing sales have risen steadily since 2000, clothing utilization has fallen at roughly the same
rate. For every extra T-shirt that is sold, it will be worn roughly half as much as it would have
been 20 years ago. That means better forecasting market trends would in theory result in less
waste.
Burning clothes won’t happen simply through fashion firms. The scale of fashion
production has to change. And it’s important to recognize that these consumer-focused brands will
only go where the market takes them. If protecting the environment really matters to the public,
they have to make clear that they want more sustainable clothing in the first place.
Without consumers demanding that, it won’t change.
1．According to the passage, why do clothing firms choose to burn instead of selling clothes at a
discount
A．They don’t want to be copied. B．It costs the least and profits the most.
C．There are quality problems. D．The manufacturer went bankrupt.
2．Paragraph Three mainly talks about ________.
A．how important the UK parliamentary committee report is
B．why fashion firms should end burning unsold stock
C．why fashion firms burn unsold clothes in large numbers every year
D．how artificial fabrics will contribute to global warming
3．The underlined expression “clothing utilization” in the sixth paragraph means ________.
A．how long clothing last B．how well clothing sells
C．how often clothing is used D．how clothing is designed
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Consumers play a key role in stopping burning clothes.
B．Burning clothes is a better option for every fashion firm.
C．The secret that some fashion firms burn clothes is well kept.
D．Today’s clothes are better than those two decades ago.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A
【难度】0.85
【知识点】环境保护、说明文
【导语】本文主要讲述了服装生产商烧毁生产过剩的衣服，会污染环境，作者呼吁改变这种
情况。
1．细节理解题。根据“Rather than watch them go on sale, the companies would set fire to them
and regain a small amount of energy.”可知服装制造商选择烧掉衣服而不是折扣出售是因为这
样做成本最低，利润最高。故选 B。
2．主旨大意题。阅读第三段可知，本段讲述了焚烧衣物对环境有各种各样的负面影响，所
以时装公司应该停止焚烧未售出的存货。故选 B。
3．词句猜测题。根据“For every extra T-shirt that is sold, it will be worn roughly half as much as
it would have been 20 years ago.”可知划线词意为“服装多久使用一次”。故选 C。
4．推理判断题。根据“Without consumers demanding that, it won’t change.”可知消费者在防止
衣服烧毁方面起着关键的作用。故选 A。
C
For teenagers who want to join the army and also dream of being a pilot, here comes a great
choice.
The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Navy (中国人民解放军海军) started selecting (选
拔) students from middle schools in 14 provincial-level for its teen pilot program. There are nearly
4, 500 qualified applicants (合格的申请者).
According to the Navy, applicants for this year’s teen pilot program should be born
between Aug31, 2006 and Aug 31, 2009; have a height between 162 and 181centimeters; and be
neither too thin nor overweight. They must be free of certain diseases, and their blood pressure
and vision (视力)must meet the Navy’s standards for its pilots.
If applicants pass all rounds of selection, they will go to a cooperating (合作) high school in
each of the 14 regions for the three-year program. They will take classes and receive training in
naval (海军的) and flight knowledge.
After three years, those who pass the necessary tests can go to naval aviation academies (航
空院校) or some of China’s top universities including Peking University and Tsinghua University.
These universities work with the Navy for pilot training.
The program, which started in 2015, is set to attract students who are interested in aviation
and are fit for military (军事的) flight. It’s to build a talent pool for the Navy.
The Chinese Navy is doing its best to meet the needs of aircraft carrier (航 空 母 舰 )
development. This way of selection can help find potential (潜在的) pilots for specific (特定的)
training as early as possible and strengthen the cultivation (培养) of young talents.
1．What things are mainly considered in the selection process
A．Health, age, weight and height. B．Family background, age, and height.
C．School, age, health and family background. D．Age, blood type and weight.
2．What do students do before they can go to naval aviation academies
A．Take classes in their middle school. B．Fly as a pilot for more than three years.
C．Study in China’s top universities. D．Get specific training for three years.
3．What’s the purpose of the program
A．To find and train talented pilots from a young age.
B．To help high school students learn about future choices.
C．To make more people interested in aviation.
D．To help the Chinese Navy build new aircraft carriers.
4．What’s the best title for this article
A．A special high school for Chinese teenagers
B．PLA Navy is looking for young pilots
C．PLA Navy is working with China’s top universities
D．How to take part in the teen pilot program
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B
【难度】0.85
【知识点】政治/政策、科普知识、说明文
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了我们国家海军正在招年轻的飞行员。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“According to the Navy...for its pilots.”可知，中国人民解放军海
军的选拔会考查年龄、身高、体重、视力和健康状况。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“If applicants pass all rounds...three-year program.”可知申请人通
过了所有的选拔后，将会进入 14 个地区的合作高中进行为期 3 年的课程。故选 D。
3．细节理解题。根据第六段“The program, which started in 2015...talent pool for the Navy.”和
整个第七段，可知该项目是为了吸引对航空感兴趣并适合军事飞行的学生，为海军建立人才
库。这种选拔可以尽早发现有潜力的飞行员进行特定培训，加强对青年人才的培养。故选 A。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文，结合第二段“The People’s Liberation Army...nearly 4, 500 qualified
applicants (合格的申请者).”可知，本文主要介绍了海军正在寻找年轻飞行员，故选 B。
【提升试题】
A
On March 21, 2025, the Shenzhou XIX crew successfully finished their third spacewalk
outside China’s Tiangong space station. The China Manned Space Agency announced that Senior
Colonel Cai Xuzhe and Lieutenant Colonel Song Lingdong worked outside station for nearly
seven hours, while Lieutenant Colonel Wang Haoze stayed inside to assist them. This mission (使
命) marks another important step in China’s space exploration.
The astronauts used a robotic arm and received support from ground control to complete
several tasks. They installed protective shields (防 护 罩 ) against space debris (碎 片 ), set up
external equipment, and checked the condition of devices outside the station. These efforts help
ensure the space station’s safety and prepare it for future scientific work.
This spacewalk was the 20th ever conducted by Chinese astronauts. For Senior Colonel
Cai, it was his fifth time working in space outside a spacecraft—a record for Chinese astronauts.
Previously, he completed two spacewalks during the Shenzhou XIV mission in 2022. During the
current Shenzhou XIX mission, Cai and Song made history in December 2024 by spending over
nine hours outside Tiangong, breaking the world record set by American astronauts in 2001.
The Shenzhou XIX team, launched on October 30, 2024, from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch
Center, became the eighth group to live and work on China’s space station. Since arriving, they
have carried out numerous scientific experiments and technical tasks. Their work has provided
valuable data for space research and shown China’s growing abilities in space technology.
The crew is scheduled to return to Earth in late April or early May 2025, ending their
six-month mission. Their achievements remind us of the courage and skill required for space
exploration while inspiring young people to learn about science and technology.
1．What was one of the main purposes of the astronauts’ tasks during the spacewalk
A．To test new spacesuits for longer missions.
B．To communicate with astronauts from other countries.
C．To take photographs of Earth’s surface.
D．To prepare the station for future scientific activities.
2．What does the underlined word “current” mean in Paragraph 3
A．Past. B．Future. C．Present. D．Important.
3．What can we infer from Shenzhou XIX being the 8th team on the space station
A．China has already mastered all space station technology.
B．China’s space station program is continuously developing.
C．The space station has achieved most of its scientific goals.
D．All teams have made equal contributions to the space station.
4．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．The challenges of living in a space station.
B．A historic space mission and its achievements.
C．How to become an astronaut in China.
D．The dangers of space life.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】航天与航空、说明文
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了 2025 年 3 月 21 日神舟十九号机组人员成功完成
第三次太空行走，介绍了此次太空行走的任务、创下的记录，以及神舟十九号团队自 2024
年 10 月 30 日发射以来的工作情况和即将返回地球等信息，强调了这次历史性太空任务及其
取得的成就。
1．细节理解题。根据“The astronauts used a robotic arm and received support from ground control
to complete several tasks. They installed protective shields (防护罩) against space debris (碎片),
set up external equipment, and checked the condition of devices outside the station. These efforts
help ensure the space station’s safety and prepare it for future scientific work.”可知，宇航员太空
行走任务的主要目的之一是为空间站未来的科学活动做准备。故选 D。
2．词句猜测题。根据“Previously, he completed two spacewalks during the Shenzhou XIV mission
in 2022. During the current Shenzhou XIX mission, Cai and Song made history in December 2024
by, spending over nine hours outside Tiangong…”可知，前面提到了过去的神舟十四号任务，
此处将时间线对比，阐述神舟十九号任务中的成就，由此可推断 current 表示“现在的，当前
的”，与 Present 意思相符。故选 C。
3．推理判断题。根据“The Shenzhou XIX team, launched on October 30, 2024, from the Jiuquan
Satellite Launch Center, became the eighth group to live and work on China’s space station.”可
知，神舟十九号团队是第八批在空间站生活和工作的团队，这表明中国空间站项目不断有新
团队入驻并开展工作，说明中国的空间站项目在持续发展。故选 B。
4．主旨大意题。根据“On March 21, 2025, the Shenzhou XIX crew successfully finished their
third spacewalk outside China’s Tiangong space station.”以及全文内容可知，文章围绕神舟十九
号乘组成功完成太空行走这一历史性太空任务展开，介绍了任务过程、取得的记录、团队工
作情况及即将返回地球等内容，重点强调了此次太空任务及其成就。故选 B。
B
①You’ve already noticed that some people are right-handed while others are left-handed.
But did you know that elephants are left-or right-trunked People can tell this by looking at the
wrinkles (皱纹) on their trunks (the long nose of an elephant), a study in Science found.
②Elephants can use their trunks to do many things like picking up food, spraying water or
sand across their backs to cool off, and sending warnings to other elephants. The muscles (肌肉)
and wrinkles of the trunks help them do these things. Wrinkles make the trunk move flexibly (灵
活地).
③Scientists found that elephants like to bend (弯曲) their trunks to one side to put food in
their mouths. Over time, this side of their trunks gets more wrinkles than the other. This is what
makes them either left-or right-trunked.
④The chances of elephants being left-trunked or right-trunked are about 50:50. This is very
different from people. For us, the chances of being left-handed or right-handed are about 10:90,
according to CBS News. And for other animals such as kangaroos, the chances are about 95:5.
This is interesting, isn’t it
⑤More interestingly, Asian elephants have more wrinkles on the top of their trunks than
African elephants. African elephants have two finger-like structures (结构) at the end of their
trunks to hold things, but Asian elephants have only one. So, Asian elephants wrap their trunks
around things to hold them more often than African elephants do. This leads to more wrinkles.
1．________ make (s) the trunk flexible.
A．The top of the mouth B．Muscles
C．Wrinkles D．The finger-like structure
2．About ________ out of every 50 elephants are left-trunked.
A．5 B．25 C．45 D．48
3．Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ________.
A．the muscles and wrinkles of the trunks help elephants a lot
B．elephants like to bend their trunks to one side to put food in their mouths
C．the difference between Asian elephants and African elephants
D．the reason why wrinkles can tell us if an elephant is left-or right-trunked
4．The purpose of the passage is to tell us ________.
A．more about elephants
B．to care for elephants
C．left-and right-trunked elephants are different
D．about Asian elephants and African elephants
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】常见动物、说明文
【导语】本文主要介绍了大象的鼻子，包括鼻子的构成、不同之处等。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Wrinkles make the trunk move flexibly (灵活地).”可知，皱纹使
象鼻更灵活。故选 C。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段“The chances of elephants being left-trunked or right-trunked are
about 50:50.”可知，大象有左鼻或右鼻的可能性为 50:50，故推测每 50 头大象中大约有 25
个左鼻。故选 B。
3．段落大意题。根据第三段“Scientists found that elephants like to bend (弯曲) their trunks to
one side to put food in their mouths. Over time, this side of their trunks gets more wrinkles than
the other. This is what makes them either left-or right-trunked.”可知，本段主要讲了皱纹告诉我
们大象是左鼻还是右鼻的原因。故选 D。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了大象的鼻子，包括鼻子的构成、不同之处
等，即：告诉我们更多关于大象的信息。故选 A。
C
Do you think stars don’t move Think again! When you look into the sky at night, the stars
may appear to stay in place. But stars are always on the move – they’re just so far away that the
motion (运动) is hard to see.
But some stars move in ways that appear too strange to be real. In 2005, astronomer (天文
学家) Warren Brown found one of these strange things. It was located on the outer edge of the
Milky Way, the galaxy (星系) we live in. The star was speeding away like nothing he’d ever seen.
“It seemed strange. No star in the galaxy has a speed like that,” Brown remembers. “I thought, oh
my goodness, I have something kind of special here.”
No one had ever seen a star like this one. What does a scientist do when the results don't
make sense Brown didn’t give up. Instead, he kept looking. And he kept finding more of these
strange and speedy stars, called hyper velocity stars. “Hyper” means “above” and “velocity” has to
do with speed. He and his team just found six more of these “above speed” stars, bringing the total
to 16.And he says, he’s found even more, and is just waiting for the scientific community to
confirm them.
1．In 2005, astronomer Warren Brown found ________.
A．a star was speeding away very fast B．a star was moving away very slowly
C．some stars were not real D．some stars were not in the Milky Way
2．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Stars never move at all. B．No stars in the galaxy has a fast speed.
C．It’s hard to see the stars moving. D．Brown has never seen something special.
3．The underlined word “hyper velocity” in the last paragraph probably means “________”.
A．匀速的 B．超速的 C．超重的 D．超常的
4．The writer writes this passage to tell us ________.
A．something about an astronomer B．where the Milky Way is
C．something about the speedy stars D．how scientists do their research
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】天体与宇宙、科普知识、说明文
【导语】本文介绍了天文学家 Warren Brown 于 2005 年发现的“超速”星星。文章讲述了这些
星星以极快的速度离开银河系，Brown 为此感到非常惊讶，并且继续寻找类似的星星，最终
发现了 16 颗这样的星星。文章通过 Brown 的发现，展示了天文学家是如何通过观察星星的
运动来拓展我们对宇宙的认识。
1．细节理解题。根据“In 2005, astronomer (天文学家) Warren Brown found one of these strange
things.”和“The star was speeding away like nothing he’d ever seen.”可以推断出Brown发现的是
一颗极快远离银河系的星星。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据“the stars may appear to stay in place. But stars are always on the move –
they’re just so far away that the motion (运动) is hard to see.”可知，虽然星星看起来没有移动，
但由于它们离我们很远，运动是难以察觉的。故选 C。
3．词义猜测题。根据“‘Hyper’ means ‘above’ and ‘velocity’ has to do with speed.”可以推断，
“hyper velocity”指的是超速的意思，因此这里的“hyper velocity”意思为“超速的”。故选 B。
4．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了天文学家 Warren Brown 关于超速星星的发现及相关研究。
因此，作者写这篇文章是为了告诉我们关于这些快速移动的恒星的事。故选 C。
【拔高试题】
A
①Recent studies suggest plants might “communicate” in ways humans are only beginning
to understand. Researchers at the University of Nanjing have discovered that when plants are
under stress—such as insect attacks or not having enough water—they let out airborne chemicals
called volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These VOCs are like messages to neighboring plants
and make them start their protection ways.
②For example, when a tomato plant is bitten by caterpillars, it gives out some special
VOCs. Nearby plants detect these chemicals and begin producing bad-tasting things in their
leaves, so insects don’t like them as much. This phenomenon, which we call “plant
eavesdropping”, challenges the traditional view of plants as passive living things.
③To test this further, scientists designed an experiment. They placed healthy bean plants in
airtight chambers (密闭舱) next to chambers with plants that have little pests (害虫). Within 24
hours, the healthy plants began turn on their protection genes, even though they had no direct
contact with the pests.
④How do plants “hear” these messages The answer lies in their leaves. Tiny holes called
stomata not only control the air coming in but also take in VOCs from the air. Once they take
them in, the chemicals make the plant’s cells to something to get ready for possible dangers.
⑤This discovery has practical points. Farmers could potentially use synthetic VOCs to
“warn” crops of coming pest attacks, reducing pesticide use. As Dr. Li Wei, the lead researchers,
stated, “Plants have been talking all along—we just needed to learn their language.”
1．Which paragraph explains HOW plants detect chemical messages
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
2．Where does the following sentence best fit
“Surprisingly, the healthy plants showed no physical harm but still started protective steps.”
A．After① B．After② C．After③ D．After④
3．Which conclusion is supported by the experiment in paragraph ③
A．Plants only react to direct physical contact.
B．Airborne chemicals alone can start plant protection ways.
C．Stomata are useless in pest resistance (抵抗).
D．Synthetic VOCs harm crop growth.
4．What type of writing is this text
A．A fictional story B．A historical report
C．An opinion essay D．A scientific explanation
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．D
【难度】0.4
【知识点】科普知识、说明文
【导语】文介绍了植物如何通过释放和检测 VOCs 来进行“交流”和自我保护的新发现。
1．主旨大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段明确解释了植物如何通过叶子上的气孔来检测
和吸收空气中的 VOCs，从而“听到”这些化学信息。故选 D。
2．推理判断题。第三段描述了科学家设计的实验，其中健康的植物在没有直接接触害虫的
情况下也启动了保护基因，“Surprisingly, the healthy plants showed no physical harm but still
started protective steps.”与实验结果相呼应，因此该句最适合放在第二段之后，提出“健康的
植物没有表现出身体上的伤害，但仍然开始采取保护措施。”这一观点，引出第三段内容。
故选 B。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，本段实验表明，健康的植物在没有直接接触害虫的
情况下，仅仅因为附近的植物释放了 VOCs，就启动了它们的保护基因。这支持了“仅空气
中的化学物质就能启动植物的保护方式”的结论。故选 B。
4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了植物如何通过释放和检测 VOCs 来进行“交流”
和自我保护的新发现，这是基于科学研究的解释，因此属于科学说明文。故选 D。
B
①Recently, a primary school in Changsha, has put Virtual Reality (VR) technology (虚拟
现实技术) to good use in an English class. When the students put on the VR glasses, it seemed
that they were taken into a new world where they could see, touch and feel. The world felt so real
that they could enjoy the views along the way while allowing more knowledge to be kept in mind.
②VR language learning is now starting to be widely used in many schools. Think of it like
this. Now you are learning English in China, you don’t have the atmosphere to use English, but if
you learn English in English-speaking countries like America or the UK, it’ll be much easier for
you to make progress.
③Nowadays, a lot of apps have also been designed to serve VR language learning. The app
“House of Languages” is one of them. It is already available on the Samsung VR. It can sense
your movement and the acts of your eyeballs, arms and hands, so you don’t have to sit still like in
traditional classes.
④When you are learning English in it, a lovely racoon (浣熊) called Mr. Woo, will guide
you to communicate in English. You can use English by finishing tasks Mr. Woo gives you. For
example, you will be asked to find “certain things” at your “home” according to the English words
that Mr. Woo gives you. After you’ve found these “things”, you should “take them”, “come back”
to Mr. Woo and “give them” to him. Then he will say thanks to you. Sometimes, Mr. Woo may
have some activities like a family party so that you will have more tasks to finish in that situation.
You will learn English so quickly that you will even forget you are learning.
⑤Virtual Reality is showing increasing promise in language education and the day isn’t far
away when it will become one of the main medias in education. What about you Would you learn
a new language in Virtual Reality
1．What does the underlined word “atmosphere” mean in paragraph ②
A．skill B．plan C．environment D．ability
2．What is the good thing about using the app “House of Languages”
A．It’s got better teachers than the other apps.
B．It makes English learners finish tasks in a situation.
C．Learning on this app costs less money than in a real class.
D．Students can learn English without moving around.
3．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage
(①=Para.1, ②=Para.2, ③=Para.3, ④=Para.4, ⑤=Para.5)
A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①②③/④⑤ D．①②/③④/⑤
4．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To make people believe in language education.
B．To promise students a better language learning app.
C．To welcome the birth of VR language learning in Changsha.
D．To introduce how VR technology is used in language learning.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D
【难度】0.4
【知识点】科学技术、说明文
【导语】本文主要介绍了 VR 在英语教学中的应用。
1．词句猜测题。根据文中“you don’t have the atmosphere to use English”和“but if you learn
English in English-speaking countries like America or the UK, it’ll be much easier for you to
make progress.”可知，如果在英语国家学习英语会更容易进步，说明在中国没有使用英语的
环境，所以 atmosphere 意为“环境”。故选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据“For example, you will be asked to find ‘certain things’ at your ‘home’
according to the English words that Mr. Woo gives you.”可知，使用这款应用程序的好处之一是
它让英语学习者在某个情境中完成任务。故选 B。
3．篇章结构题。文章第一、二段引出 VR 在语言学习中的应用和 VR 语言学习的应用现状，
第三、四段介绍具体应用程序，第五段进行总结，所以本文的结构是总分总。故选 D。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要介绍了 VR 技术在语言学习中的应用，通过长沙一所
小学的例子引出话题，并详细描述了一个具体的应用程序及其优势，旨在介绍 VR 技术如何
用于语言学习。故选 D。
C
In fact, the Nordic country (北欧国家) has come top of the UN World Happiness Report for
the last six years! The report ranks 150 countries in order of their happiness. This year the top ten
countries are： 1.Finland 2.Denmark 3.Iceland 4.Israel 5.Netherlands 6.Sweden 7.Norway
8.Switzerland 9.Luxembourg 10.New Zealand.
The UK came 19th behind the US (15th), Ireland (14th) and Australia (12th), the report
found that levels of benevolence (慈善) are actually higher now than before the COVID-19.
The report also noticed a link between altruism and happiness. Altruism is when you help
someone else without expecting anything in return. That could be doing things such as donating
money, volunteering, helping strangers or giving blood.
The report found a positive relationship between happiness and all of these altruistic
behaviors. It also said that when people receive kind acts they are then more likely to be altruistic,
too. So, not only does being altruistic seem to make people happier, it encourages others to be
kinder, too. “The overall goal is a happier society, but we only get there if people make each other
happy (and not just themselves).”
1．All these countries are in the top ten EXCEPT ________.
A．the UK B．Finland
C．Netherlands D．Switzerland
2．The meaning of altruism in Paragraph 3 is ________.
A．利己主义 B．利他主义
C．完美主义 D．享乐主义
3．What is the relationship between happiness and all of these altruistic behaviors ________
A．A bad relationship.
B．No relationship.
C．A positive relationship.
D．A common relationship.
4．What do we know from the passage ________
A．There can be a happier society if people make themselves happy.
B．Levels of benevolence are actually lower now than before the COVID—19.
C．When people receive kind acts they are then more likely to be helpful to others.
D．Doing things such as donating money, volunteering will not make people happy.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C
【难度】0.4
【知识点】科普知识、说明文
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了联合国世界幸福报告中部分国家的排名，以及幸福
与利他主义的关系。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“This year the top ten countries are：1.Finland 2.Denmark
3.Iceland 4.Israel 5.Netherlands 6.Sweden 7.Norway 8.Switzerland 9.Luxembourg 10.New
Zealand.”可知，英国不在前十的国家里。故选 A。
2．词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“Altruism is when you help someone else without expecting
anything in return. ”可知，“altruism ”是指帮助别人并不期待回报，与利他主义相符合。故选
B。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The report found a positive relationship between happiness
and all of these altruistic behaviors.”可知，幸福和利他主义行为之间是积极联系。故选 C。
4．推理判断题。根据第四段“It also said that when people receive kind acts they are then more
likely to be altruistic, too. ”可知，当人们收获善意的行为时，也会更有可能变得无私，由此判
断，人们也就会更乐于助人。故选 C。
