通用版小学毕业英语总复习词类梳理第二节冠词课件（共39张PPT）

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第二节 冠词
知识梳理
一、冠词的概念
冠词是一种虚词，在句子中不重读，不能单独使用，只能与名词放在一起（一般用于名词前），帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。
二、冠词的分类
三、冠词的用法
1. 不定冠词的用法
不定冠词有“a”和“an”两种形式，都是用在单数可数名词前。“a”用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，“an”用在以元音音素开头的单词前。
用 法 举 例
表示数量“一” I can see a tiger, an elephant and a zebra over there. 我看见一只老虎、一头大象和一匹斑马在那边。
指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物 A man wants to see you. 有个人想见你。
续表
用 法 举 例
指一类人或物，含义相当于一类中的任何一个 A snake is a cold-blood animal. 蛇是一种冷血动物。
用于固定的词组中 a lot of许多，a little 一些，have a cold 感冒
2. 定冠词的用法
用 法 举 例
特指某些人或某些事 The book on the desk is mine. 在书桌上的那本书是我的。
指谈话双方都明确的人或事物 Open the door, please. 请开门。
指上文已提过的人或事物 First, cut up a tomato. Then put the tomato on the bread. 第一步，切西红柿。然后把西红柿放在面包上。
续表
用 法 举 例
用于序数词和形容词最高级前 January is the first month of a year. 一月是一年中的第一个月。
The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. 长江是中国最长的河流。
用于世界上独一无二的事物前 the sun 太阳, the moon 月亮, the earth 地球, the sky 天空
续表
用 法 举 例
用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the West Lake 西湖,the Great Wall 长城
用于姓氏的复数形式前,表示一家人 the Bakers贝克一家人
用于西洋乐器名词前 play the piano 弹钢琴, play the violin 拉小提琴
续表
用 法 举 例
用于固定的词组 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/中午/晚上, go to the cinema 去电影院, on the left/right 在左边/右边
3. 零冠词的用法
用 法 举 例
在国家名、人名、地名等专有名词前 China 中国，Europe 欧洲，Lei Feng 雷锋
在一日三餐、星期、月份、季节、节日前（中国传统节日除外） have lunch 吃午餐，on Sunday 在周日，in June 在6月，in spring 在春天，on National Day 在国庆
在棋类或球类运动的名词前 play chess 下棋, play basketball 打篮球
续表
用 法 举 例
名词前已经有 this, that, his, my, your, some, any等代词 This is my mother. 这是我妈妈。
Do you have any flowers 你有花吗？
在学科、语言名词前 have maths 上数学课，speak English 说英语
续表
用 法 举 例
用于固定的词组中 go to school/bed 去上学/睡觉，at noon/night 在中午/晚上，at home/school 在家/学校，by train 乘坐火车
考点精析
【例1】Read, choose and fill. 用a，an， the或“/”填空。
1. She has _______ apple and _______ pear.
2.I can speak _______ Chinese and _______ English well.
考查冠词的用法
考点
3.Mike can play _______ guitar and play _______ football.
4.After I had _______ quick breakfast， I hurried to school.
解析:此类题考查冠词在句子中的使用。要注意掌握定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的不同用法。第1小题关键看apple和pear两个单词的第一个字母的发音是元音还是辅音；第2小题语言名词前用零冠词；第3小题乐器名词前用定冠词，球类名词前用零冠词；第4小题注意三餐名词前若有形容词，则可在形容词前加不定冠词。
答案：1. an；a 2./；/ 3. the；/ 4. a
一、Read, choose and fill. 用a或an填空。
1. __________ eye 2. _______ hour
3. __________ mouth 4. __________ old man
5. __________ honest boy 6. __________ useful book
an
an
a
an
an
a
二、Read, choose and fill. 用a，an， the或“/”填空。
1. We study 8 hours ______ day.
2. He is ______ tallest student in our class.
3. I had ______ breakfast at 7：00 this morning.
4. I often have ______ big dinner on my birthday.
5. Sarah has ______ umbrella. It's pink with ______ bear on it.
a
the
/
a
an
a
【例2】Read and choose. 读句子，选择正确的答案，并将其字母编号填在括号内。
( )Mr Black will go to Beijing __.
A.by air B.by a plane C.take a plane
解析:本题考查冠词的使用和词组的固定搭配。by 与交通工具连用时，用零冠词，B选项本身有错，不可选；C选项take a plane 本身没有错，但是题干已有谓语动词，不需要再填动词词组。A选项的by air 与by plane， by airplane， by aeroplane 同义，均意为“乘坐飞机”。
答案：A
三、Read and fill. 用适当的冠词填空。
1. Let's go out for ______ walk.
2. We will have ______ picnic in the park next Saturday.
3. Washington D.C.is ______ capital （首都） of the USA.
4. I often take ______ bus to school.
5. There is a map on ______ wall.
a
a
the
a
the
四、Read and choose. 读句子，选择正确的答案，并将其字母编号填在括号内。
( )1. __ woman over there is __ popular teacher in our school.
A. A; the B. The； a C. The； the
( )2. Amy: Is he __ Chinese boy
Sarah: No, he is __ American boy.
A. a; an B. a; a C. an; a
B
A
( )3. John: Do you go to school by __ bus
Mike: No, I usually ride __ bike to school.
A. the; a B. /; / C. /; a
C
( )4. Ann: Would you like to play ____ chess with me tomorrow
Betty: I'd love to, but I have ____ art lesson tomorrow.
A. a; an B. /; an C. the; /
B
( )5. There is ____ tall tree over there and you can see a woman under ____ tree.
A. a; the B. a; a C. an; /
A
过关检测
一、Read, choose and fill. 用a或an填空。
1. ______ egg 2. ______ one-year-old boy
3. ____ student 4. ______ umbrella
5. ______ university 6. ______ office
7. ______ old house 8. ______ young man
9. ______ English book
an
a
a
an
a
an
an
a
an
二、Read, choose and fill. 用a，an，the或“/”填空。
1. I have ______ English book.______ book is very interesting.
2.That is ______ orange.It's ______ big orange.
3.Today is ______ Sunday.It's ______ first day of a week.
4.______ sun is much bigger than ______ moon.
an
The
an
a
/
the
The
the
5.Beijing is the capital of ______ China.
6.The sun comes out in ______ morning and sets down in ______ evening.
7.What ______ interesting film it is！I like ______ film very much.
8.Let's go for ______ walk， shall we？
/
the
the
an
the
a
9.Which is ______ biggest， ______ sun， ______ moon， or ______ earth？
10.I have two dogs.______ black one is young and ______ yellow one is old.
the
the
the
the
The
the
三、Read and choose. 读句子，选择正确的答案，并将其字母编号填在括号内。
( )1.Chen Jie is __ Chinese girl.
A. a B. an C. the D./
( )2. Mike is from __ America.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )3. This is __ useful book.
A. a B. an C. the D./
A
D
A
( )4. He is __ artist.
A. a B. an C. the D./
( )5. This is my __ pet dog.
A. a B. an C. the D./
( )6. Ann likes playing __ piano very much.
A. a B. an C. the D./
( )7. Tina often goes to __ school at 7：30 a.m.
A. a B. an C. the D./
B
D
C
D
( )8. This is __ map of __ world.
A. a； a B. the； the
C. a； the D. the； a
( )9. Our classroom is on __ second floor. Let's go to __ classroom.
A. a； a B. the； the
C. a； the D. the； a
C
B
( )10. Tokyo is __ capital of __ Japan.
A. a； a B. the； the
C. a； the D. the； /
D
四、Read and choose. 选择正确的答案补全短文，并将其字母编号填在括号内。
My name is Bill. I have __1__ sister. Her name is Katy. She and I go to __2__ same school. She is twelve years old. And today is her birthday. She likes __3__ very much, so my parents buy a big cake. Look! The cake is on the table. You can see my __4__ name
and some flowers on it. I give her a __5__ book as a gift. I bought it two days ago. Listen! Someone is knocking（敲）at the door. Katy's good __6__ Janet, Lily and Lucy are coming. She would like __7__ the birthday cake with them. I think she is very happy and excited now.
( )1. A. a B. an C. the
( )2. A. / B. the C. a
( )3. A. cake B. cakes C. cakes'
( )4. A. sister B. sisters C. sister's
( )5. A. interesting B. new C. strong
( )6. A. friend B. friend's C. friends
( )7. A. to eat B. eating C. eat
A
B
B
C
B
C
A
五、Read and judge. 阅读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否相符，相符的在括号内写“T”，不相符的写“F”。
I like the river in our village very much. The river is different in different seasons.
In spring, the trees along the river become green. The weather is warm. The beautiful flowers come out.
The water in the river is very clean. In summer, the river brings us a lot of happiness. I often go boating in the river. Last summer, I went fishing in it. In autumn, the weather is windy and cool. Yellow leaves fall with the wind. Some of them float on the water just like some little boats. The river looks like a nice and quiet picture. I often draw pictures beside the
river. It is white everywhere in winter. This is my favourite season. The water in the river becomes ice. I love to make snowmen along the river. Are there any leaves on the trees No, there are only branches（树枝）.
( )1. The water in the river is dirty in spring.
( )2. Last summer, I swam in the river.
( )3. The weather is warm in autumn.
( )4. Of all the seasons, I like winter best.
( )5. There aren't any leaves on the trees in winter.
F
F
F
T
T