通用版小学毕业英语总复习词类梳理第五节形容词和副词课件(共55张PPT)

(共55张PPT)
专项提升
第五节 形容词和副词
知识梳理
一、形容词
1. 形容词的概念
形容词主要用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征或程度好坏等。
2. 形容词的用法
（1）形容词+名词，形容词作定语。如：
a good student 一位好学生
a busy bee 一只忙碌的蜜蜂
（2）不定代词+形容词，形容词作定语。如：
She told me something interesting last night. 她昨晚跟我讲了一些有趣的事情。
Is there anything new today 今天有什么新鲜事吗？
（3）系动词+形容词，形容词作表语。如：
That girl is smart. 那个女孩很聪明。
The dish tastes delicious. 这道菜尝起来很美味。
二、副词
1. 副词的概念
副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
2. 副词的用法
（1）副词修饰动词，一般位于动词之后。如：
The girls sing happily. 女孩子们唱得很开心。
Joe draws very well. 乔画画很好。
（2）频率副词常位于助动词、情态动词和系动词之后或实义动词之前。如：
It is usually hot in summer. 夏天通常很热。
My father often walks home. 我爸爸经常步行回家。
三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1. 原级（即原形）；2. 比较级，意为“更……”；3. 最高级，意为“最……”。
1. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则
(1)规则变化
规 则 原 级 比较级 最高级
一般情况下，比较级在词尾加-er，最高级在词尾加-est great
tall
clever greater
taller
cleverer greatest
tallest
cleverest
续表
规 则 原 级 比较级 最高级
以不发音的字母e结尾的单音节词，比较级在词尾加-r,最高级在词尾加-st large
nice
wide larger
nicer
wider largest
nicest
widest
续表
规 则 原 级 比较级 最高级
以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词，比较级改y为i，再加-er；最高级改y为i,再加-est heavy
easy
happy
early heavier
easier
happier
earlier heaviest
easiest
happiest
earliest
续表
规 则 原 级 比较级 最高级
以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母的词，比较级先双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-er；最高级先双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-est fat
thin
big
wet fatter
thinner
bigger
wetter fattest
thinnest
biggest
wettest
续表
规 则 原 级 比较级 最高级
部分双音节词和多音节词，比较级在词前加more,最高级在词前加most beautiful
exciting
interesting more beautiful
more exciting
more interesting most beautiful
most exciting
most interesting
(2)不规则变化
原 级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/badly worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
2. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法
用 法 举 例
比较级 表示两者之间的比较，结构为：比较级+than His ruler is longer than mine. 他的尺子比我的长。
比较级前可用much, a lot, a little, even等词修饰 This box is much heavier than that one. 这个箱子比那个重得多。
续表
用 法 举 例
比较级 “the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越……，越……” The more you study, the more you know. 你学得越多，就知道得越多。
“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越……” It's getting cooler and cooler. 天气越来越凉爽了。
续表
用 法 举 例
最高级 表示三者或三者以上的比较，最高级前通常加the Jack is the cleverest student in the class. 杰克是班上最聪明的学生。
“one of+the+最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……之一” Tom is one of the busiest teachers in our school. 汤姆是我们学校最忙碌的老师之一。
【注】形容词和副词的原级可以用“as+原级+as”结构对两者进行比较，意为“……和……一样……”。其否定形式为“not as/so+原级+as”，意为“……不如/没有……”。如：
Lily is as tall as her sister. 莉莉和她的姐姐一样高。
Leo is not as strong as Thomas. 利奥不像托马斯那么强壮。
考点精析
【例1】Read and write. 请仔细观察下面左排的单词，根据其变化规则写出右排所缺的单词。
1. big→bigger hot→__________
2. exciting→excited boring→__________
3. good→best much→__________
4. happy→happily easy→__________
考查形容词、副词的词形变换
考点1
解析:此类题考查形容词和副词的变换形式，涉及形容词之间的转换、形容词与副词间的转换以及形容词或副词的比较级、最高级等。
答案：1. hotter 2. bored 3. most 4. easily
一、Read and write. 写出下列单词的比较级和最高级。
1. late→________→________
2. thin→________→________
3. easy→________→________
4. useful→________________→________________
later
latest
thinner
thinnest
easier
easiest
more useful
most useful
二、Read, circle and correct. 读句子，圈出其中的错误，并把正确答案写在横线上。
1. The days are long in summer than that in winter.________
2. She is the good sing in our school.________
longer
best
3. This film is really interested . We all love it. ________________
4. Mary sat there quiet , enjoying the music made by the birds. ____________________
interesting
quietly
【例2】Read, choose and fill. 选词填空。
Yao Ming is a ____ basketball player. He plays basketball____.
考查形容词、副词的用法
考点2
good, well
解析:good作形容词，意为“出色的”。well作副词，意为“好地；出色地”。形容词修饰名词，放在名词之前；副词修饰动词，放在动词之后。
答案：good；well
【例3】Read and fill. 在横线上写出画线单词的反义词。
Is the box light or ____？
解析:选择疑问句的选项是一组反义词，light在此意为“轻的”，故其反义词为heavy。
答案：heavy
三、Read and fill. 在横线上写出画线单词的反义词。
1. The days are long in summer and the nights are ________.
2. The dictionary is thick， but the exercise book is ________.
3. It is cold in winter, but it's very ________ in summer.
short
thin
hot
四、Read, choose and fill. 选词填空。
1. She is a ________ girl.
2. That maths question is not as ________ as this one.
3. How ________ the rain is！
heavy, easy, lovely
lovely
easy
heavy
【例4】Read and fill. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
Amy sings________. Sarah sings________ than Amy. Chen Jie sings________ in our school. (well)
考查形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
考点3
解析:此题考查副词比较级及最高级的用法。第一句话陈述一般性事实，没有相互之间的比较，因而用副词原级well修饰动词sing。第二句话有than这个比较级标志，此句空格上应填well的比较级better来修饰动词sing。第三句话中有表范围的介词短语in our school，此句修饰sing的副词应是well的最高级best。
答案：well；better；best
【例5】Read and write. 请用比较级将下面两句话合并成一句。
I'm 11 years old. My sister is 8 years old.
_____________________________________________
解析:此题中的两个句子给出的是一组对比关系，所以，可以用比较级句式将其组合成一句话。
答案：I'm 3 years older than my sister./My sister is 3 years younger than me.
五、Read and choose. 读句子，选择正确的答案，并将其字母编号填在括号内。
( )1. Of all my family members， my brother is ____.
A. tall B. taller C. the tallest
C
( )2. Now Bob is ____ than he was.
A. more careful B. much careful
C. more carefully
( )3. My book is ____ than yours.
A. new B. newer C. more newer
A
B
六、Read and write. 按要求完成下列句子。
1. I'm 135 cm tall. My sister is 135 cm tall， too. (用同级表达)
_____________________________________________
2. Tom is 13 years old. Jim is 14 years old. (用比较级表达)
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
I'm as tall as my sister./My sister is as tall as me.
Tom is 1 year younger than Jim./Jim is 1 year older than Tom.
3. James runs fast. （用最高级表达）
_____________________________________________
James runs the fastest in his class.
过关检测
一、Read and write. 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级(省略the)。
1. long→____________→____________
2. heavy→____________→____________
3. wide→____________→____________
4. fat→____________→____________
longer
longest
heavier
heaviest
wider
widest
fatter
fattest
5. thin→____________→____________
6. early→____________→____________
7. slow→____________→____________
8. fast→____________→____________
9. much→____________→____________
10. hot→____________→____________
11. many→____________→____________
thinner
thinnest
earlier
earliest
slower
slowest
faster
fastest
more
most
hotter
hottest
more
most
12. bad→____________→____________
13. strong→____________→____________
14. short→____________→____________
15. well→____________→____________
16. good→____________→____________
17. lovely→____________→____________
18. young→____________→____________
worse
worst
stronger
strongest
shorter
shortest
better
best
better
best
more lovely
most lovely
younger
youngest
19. brightly→________________→_______________
20. interesting→________________
→________________
more brightly
most brightly
more interesting
most interesting
二、Read and fill. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Lucy is ____________ (thin) than her friend.
2. Winter is the ____________ (cold) season of the year.
3. The ____________ (cheap) bags are usually not the best ones.
4. It smells ____________ (terrible).
thinner
coldest
cheapest
terrible
5. Dick is ____________ at music, and he also does ____________ in sports. (well)
6. Things are getting ____________ and ____________. (bad)
7. Which is ____________ (heavy)， the elephant or the tiger？
good
well
worse
worse
heavier
8. I eat ____________ (much) food than you.
9. Tom runs ____________. But John runs ____________ in their class. (fast)
10. This ruler is not as ____________ (long) as that one.
more
fast
fastest
long
三、Read and fill. 在横线上写出画线单词的反义词。
1. There isn't
little
clean
wrong
expensive
old
四、Read and choose. 读句子，选择正确的答案，并将其字母编号填在括号内。
( )1. This park is ______ than that one.
A. large B. larger C. largest
( )2. Mike jumps ______ than Mary.
A. more high B. more higher C. much higher
B
C
( )3. The ______ the ground is, the thinner the air becomes.
A. high B. higher C. highest
( )4. The desk is ______， and the table is ______, too.
A. big； big B. bigger； bigger C. big； biggest
B
A
( )5. Jenny sings the song______.
A. happy B. happier C. happily
( )6. The school is______ newer than that one.
A. much B. many C. more
( )7. You can see the hospital ______.
A. easily B. easy C. more easy
C
A
A
( )8. Of all my friends， Kate is ______ one.
A. tall B. taller C. the tallest
( )9. She can do it as ______ as me.
A. good B. well C. better
( )10. She feels ______ because her favourite toy was lost.
A. sadly B. sad C. sadness
C
B
B
五、Read and write. 按要求完成下列句子。
1. 艾米是最早到达教室的。（汉译英）
_____________________________________________
2. Sarah's schoolbag is bigger than mine. （改为同义句）
_____________________________________________
Amy is the earliest to get to school.
My schoolbag is smaller than Sarah's.
3. He is 140 cm tall. His sister is 140 cm tall，too. （用同级表达）
_____________________________________________
4. Her dress is much cheaper than mine. （改为同义句）
_____________________________________________
5. 他是中国最伟大的飞行员之一。（汉译英）
_____________________________________________
His sister is as tall as him./He is as tall as his sister.
My dress is much more expensive than hers.
He is one of the greatest pilots in China.
六、Read and fill. 根据图表提示，填写单词，补全句子。
Zoe Age （年龄）: 13
Height （身高）: 150 cm
Weight （体重）: 43 kg
Ben Age: 11
Height: 158 cm
Weight: 52 kg
Lily Age: 16
Height: 159 cm
Weight: 48 kg
1. Ben is 158 cm. He is ____________ than Zoe. But he is ____________ than Lily.
2. A: ____________ ____________ is Lily？
B: She is 159 cm.
3. A: Who is the ____________, Zoe, Lily or Ben
B: Ben. He is 9 kg ____________ than Zoe.
taller
shorter
How
tall
heaviest
heavier
4. Zoe is ____________ than Ben，but she is ____________ than Lily. Lily is the ____________ of the three.
5. Zoe is 43 kg. She is the _______________________ one of the three.
older
younger
oldest
lightest/thinnest
七、Read and choose. 根据短文内容，选择正确的答案，并将其字母编号填在括号内。
Jenny and Stella are quite lovely girls. They are twins. One day,they are playing together happily in the garden.They're playing on the slide(滑梯). A younger boy comes. He can't play well. So he falls down.The two naughty girls can't stop laughing.
Mum says, “You can't laugh at（嘲笑） him.You must help him.”
“OK!” they say.
The second day,they still play on the slide. When they come back, Jenny looks so sad. “How do you feel today,Jenny ” Mum asks. “Today there's a girl falling down from the slide again and I don't laugh,” Jenny says.
“A good girl, Jenny,” Mum says.
“Because it's herself,” Stella shouts.
( )1. Jenny and Stella are lovely ______.
A. sisters B. brothers
( )2. Where do Jenny and Stella play happily
A. In the garden. B. At school.
A
B
( )3. Who falls down first
A. A younger boy. B. A lovely girl.
( )4. Jenny and Stella are ______.
A. pretty B. naughty
( )5. How does Jenny feel the second day
A. Sad. B. Happy.
A
B
A