Unit 6 Electricity everywhere单元测验B卷(含答案)—沪教版七年级下册英语

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024学年第二学期学业质量发展阶段性训练
沪教版七年级下册英语第六单元测验B卷
本试卷共10页，七大题，满分90分。考试用时100分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动后的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、涂改液和修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
Electricity is an essential part of our daily lives. Without it, we 1 enjoy the convenience of modern technology. For example, when you turn on a light, you 2 electricity to power it. However, electricity can also be dangerous if we don’t use it 3 .
Last month, my class learned about electrical safety. Our teacher, Mr. Li, told us 4 important rules. “You mustn’t touch electrical appliances with wet hands,” he said. “And you 5 check the cables regularly to make sure they are safe.” He also warned us 6 fly kites near power lines because it could cause accidents.
After the lesson, our school organized a “Switch-off Day”. We 7 use any electricity for 24 hours. At first, I thought it 8 easy. But when I tried to read 9 candlelight, I realized how much we depend on electricity. My phone battery ran out quickly, and I 10 even watch TV.
By the end of the day, I felt tired but inspired. I 11 that saving electricity is not only good for the environment but also helps us value simple things in life. Now, I always turn off the lights 12 leaving a room and remind my family 13 unplug devices when they’re not in use.
Electricity is like a double-edged sword. 14 we use it wisely, it can make our lives better. But if we ignore safety rules, it 15 harm us.
1. A. can’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
2. A. need B. needed C. needs D. will need
3. A. careful B. carefully C. careless D. carelessly
4. A. some B. any C. a few D. many
5. A. should B. may C. can D. must
6. A. to not B. not to C. don’t D. not
7. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. shouldn’t
8. A. is B. was C. are D. were
9. A. by B. with C. under D. through
10.A. can’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
11.A. understand B. understood C. will understand D. had understood
12.A. before B. after C. while D. since
13.A. for B. to C. with D. by
14.A. If B. Unless C. Whether D. Though
15.A. may B. must C. should D. can’t
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
One day, a group of students visited a science museum. They saw a special exhibition about electricity. The guide showed them how to 16 electricity using solar panels and wind turbines. “Renewable energy is the future,” he said. “It’s clean and 17 .”
The students were excited to try the experiments. Lucy 18 a small fan connected to a solar panel. When she placed it under the sun, the fan started spinning. “Wow! Solar power 19 work!” she shouted.
Next, they learned about electrical safety. The guide warned them, “Never touch broken wires or use 20 appliances. Always ask an adult for help.” Tom asked, “What should we do if we see a 21 power line ” The guide replied, “Stay away and call the police immediately.”
Before leaving, the students watched a video about Earth Hour. The video explained how turning off lights for one hour 22 save energy. “Let’s join Earth Hour this year!” said Emma. “We can play board games by 23 instead of watching TV.”
The trip taught the students the importance of electricity and ______ 24 ______ to use it responsibly. They realized that even small actions, like turning off unused devices, could make a big ______ 25 ______.
16.A. save B. waste C. produce D. buy
17.A. expensive B. dangerous C. sustainable D. useless
18.A. repaired B. designed C. tested D. ignored
19.A. actually B. hardly C. never D. seldom
20.A. new B. modern C. damaged D. shiny
21.A. hidden B. fallen C. fixed D. glowing
22.A. need B. must C. should D. can
23.A. candlelight B. flashlight C. sunlight D. moonlight
24.A. when B. where C. how D. why
25.A. mistake B. difference C. decision D. problem
三、阅读 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A篇
Electricity is an essential part of our modern lives. We use it for lighting, heating, cooking, and powering all kinds of electrical appliances. But have you ever stopped to think about where electricity comes from
One of the most common ways to produce electricity is by burning fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Power plants burn these fuels to heat water and produce steam. The steam then turns turbines, which are connected to generators that produce electricity. However, burning fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change.
Another way to generate electricity is through renewable energy sources. Solar power uses sunlight to produce electricity. Solar panels are made up of many small cells that convert sunlight into electricity. Wind power is also popular. Wind turbines capture the energy of the wind and turn it into electricity. Hydroelectric power harnesses the energy of flowing water. Dams are built across rivers to create a reservoir. When the water is released from the reservoir, it flows through turbines to generate electricity.
There are also other renewable energy sources like geothermal energy, which comes from the heat inside the Earth, and biomass energy, which is produced from organic materials such as plants and animal waste.
However, using electricity also comes with some risks. Electrical appliances can be dangerous if not used properly. We must follow safety rules, such as not touching electrical appliances with wet hands and not using frayed cables.
In conclusion, electricity is crucial for our daily lives, but we need to find more sustainable ways to produce it and use it safely.
26.How do power plants produce electricity from fossil fuels
A. By using sunlight to heat water.
B. By burning fuels to heat water and turn turbines.
C. By capturing the energy of the wind.
D. By harnessing the energy of flowing water.
27.What is a disadvantage of burning fossil fuels to produce electricity
A. It is too expensive.
B. It is difficult to find fossil fuels.
C. It releases greenhouse gases and causes climate change.
D. It produces less electricity than other methods.
28.Which of the following is a renewable energy source
A. Coal.
B. Oil.
C. Natural gas.
D. Solar power.
29.Why should we follow safety rules when using electricity
A. To save money.
B. To make our lives easier.
C. Because electrical appliances can be dangerous if misused.
D. To help the environment.
30.What is the main idea of the passage
A. Electricity is essential, and we need to produce and use it sustainably and safely.
B. We should only use renewable energy.
C. Electricity is not important in our lives.
D. There are no risks associated with using electricity.
B篇
Last weekend, my family decided to have an electricity - free day as an experiment. We wanted to see how our lives would be different without this modern convenience.
As soon as we woke up in the morning, we realized how much we depended on electricity. There was no electric kettle to make our morning tea, so we had to use the gas stove. It took a bit longer, but we managed. When it came to getting dressed, there was no electric iron to smooth out our clothes. We had to wear them a bit wrinkled.
During the day, we couldn't use our usual entertainment devices. The TV was off, and our smartphones quickly ran out of battery since we couldn't charge them. We couldn't play video games or watch funny videos on the Internet. Instead, we went outside for a walk. The fresh air and beautiful scenery made us forget about our dependence on electricity for a while.
When it got dark, things became more challenging. There were no electric lights in the house. We had to use candles, which made the house feel a bit spooky. It was also difficult to read or do any work by candlelight. Cooking dinner was a problem too. We couldn't use the microwave or the electric oven. We had to rely on the gas stove again, but it was hard to control the heat precisely.
However, this electricity - free day also had some positive aspects. We spent more time talking to each other without the distraction of electronic devices. We played board games together, which was a lot of fun. It made us realize that we didn't always need electricity to enjoy ourselves.
In the end, we were all relieved when we could turn the electricity back on the next day. But this experience taught us a valuable lesson about how much we rely on electricity and how we should appreciate it more.
31.Why did the family have an electricity - free day
A. As an experiment to see the difference without electricity.
B. To save money.
C. Because there was a power cut.
D. Because they didn't like using electricity.
32.What was the problem with making tea in the morning
A. They didn't have any tea leaves.
B. The gas stove didn't work.
C. There was no electric kettle, and using the gas stove took longer.
D. They couldn't find the cups.
33.What did they do instead of using electronic entertainment devices
A. They watched movies at the cinema.
B. They went outside for a walk.
C. They slept all day.
D. They read books all day.
34.What was the positive aspect of the electricity - free day
A. They could cook better food.
B. They spent more time talking and playing board games.
C. They could use candles to decorate the house.
D. They could charge their phones for free.
35.How did the family feel when they could turn the electricity back on
A. Sad.
B. Angry.
C. Relieved.
D. Disappointed.
C篇
In today's digital age, we are surrounded by electrical devices. From the moment we wake up and check our smartphones to the time we go to bed and turn off the bedside lamp, electricity is an integral part of our daily routine.
Take our homes, for example. We have refrigerators to keep our food fresh, washing machines to clean our clothes, and air conditioners to keep us comfortable in different seasons. All of these appliances rely on electricity. In schools, computers are used for teaching and learning, projectors help in presenting information, and electric fans keep the classrooms cool.
In the workplace, offices are filled with computers, printers, and other electrical equipment. Factories use large - scale electrical machinery to produce goods. Even transportation is affected by electricity. Electric cars are becoming more popular as a more environmentally friendly alternative to gasoline - powered vehicles. Trains also often run on electricity, providing a fast and efficient way of travel.
However, with the increasing use of electricity, we also face some problems. One of the major issues is power shortages. As the demand for electricity grows, power plants may not be able to meet the needs, especially during peak hours. Another problem is the high cost of electricity. For some families and businesses, the electricity bill can be a significant expense.
To solve these problems, we need to find ways to use electricity more efficiently. We can turn off lights and electrical appliances when we are not using them. We can also choose energy - efficient appliances. In addition, developing more renewable energy sources is crucial to ensure a stable and sustainable supply of electricity.
36.Which of the following is NOT an example of electrical appliances used at home
A. Refrigerators.
B. Projectors.
C. Washing machines.
D. Air conditioners.
37.What is one of the problems caused by the increasing use of electricity
A. There are too many electrical devices.
B. Power shortages during peak hours.
C. People don't know how to use electricity properly.
D. Electrical devices are too expensive.
38.Why are electric cars becoming more popular
A. They are cheaper than gasoline - powered cars.
B. They are faster.
C. They don't need electricity to run.
D. They are more environmentally friendly.
39.How can we use electricity more efficiently
A. Keep all electrical appliances on all the time.
B. Only use old - fashioned electrical appliances.
C. Turn off lights and appliances when not in use.
D. Use more electrical appliances at the same time.
40.What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To introduce different electrical devices.
B. To tell people how to make electrical devices.
C. To encourage people to use more electricity.
D. To show the importance of electricity and the problems it brings, and how to solve them.
四、阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（文章字数：380词）
Electric cars are becoming increasingly popular worldwide due to their environmental benefits. 41 They produce zero tailpipe emissions, which helps reduce air pollution in cities. Additionally, electric cars are quieter than traditional gasoline-powered vehicles, making them ideal for urban areas. 42 For instance, many drivers worry about finding charging stations during long journeys. Although the number of charging points is growing, they are still not as widespread as gas stations.
43 Most electric cars can only travel 200 to 300 miles on a single charge, while gasoline cars can cover over 400 miles. This limitation makes some people hesitant to switch to electric vehicles. 44 However, governments and companies are working to address these issues. Many countries now offer tax incentives to encourage people to buy electric cars.
45 Advances in battery technology are extending driving ranges, and new fast-charging stations can recharge a car in under 30 minutes. Experts predict that by 2030, electric cars will dominate the market.
A. Despite these challenges, the future looks bright.
B. Another major concern is the limited driving range.
C. They are cheaper to maintain and rely on renewable energy.
D. This makes long-distance travel challenging for electric car owners.
E. However, the initial cost of electric cars remains higher than gasoline cars.
五、语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文大意及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。（文章字数：420词）
Last weekend, our school organized a “No Electricity Day” to raise awareness about energy conservation. We were not allowed to use any electrical d 46 , such as lights, computers, or even fans. At first, I felt nervous because I rely heavily on my phone. By noon, my phone battery r 47 out completely, so I decided to read a book instead. However, the classroom was too dark, so I had to use c 48 light. It flickered softly, creating a cozy atmosphere.
For lunch, we couldn’t use the microwave. Instead, we cooked noodles on a gas stove. It took longer, but the food tasted surprisingly good. In the afternoon, our teacher suggested playing board games. Without the distraction of screens, we laughed and talked more than usual.
By evening, I realized how much we d 49 on electricity for comfort and entertainment. Even simple tasks like washing clothes became difficult without a washing machine. This experience taught me to appreciate modern conveniences and to use e 50 more wisely.
六、完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。
51.电在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。
Electricity ______ ______ ______ ______ in our daily lives.
52.不要用湿手触摸电器，否则可能会触电。
Don’t touch electrical appliances with wet hands, or you may ______ ______ ______ ______ .
53.节约用电不仅能保护环境，还能减少开支。
Saving electricity can not only protect the environment ______ ______ ______ ______ .
54.太阳能是一种清洁且可再生的能源。
Solar power is a clean and ______ ______ .
55.参加“地球一小时”活动是支持环保的好方法。
______ ______ ______ Earth Hour is a good way to support environmental protection.
七、书面表达（满分15分）
请以“How to Use Electricity Safely”为题，写一篇80词左右的短文，包含以下要点：
1.勿湿手接触电器；
2.定期检查电线；
3.雷雨时避免户外活动；
4.发现破损电线立即报告。
答案及解析
一、语法选择
1-5: BABAA 6-10: BCBAB 11-15: BABAA
二、完形填空
16-20: CCCAC 21-25: BDACB
三、阅读理解
26-30: BCDCA
31-35: ACBBC
36-40: BBDCD
四、阅读填空
41-45: CEBDA
五、语篇填词
46.devices
47.ran
48.candle
49.depend
50.energy
六、完成句子
51.plays an important role
52.get an electric shock
53.but also reduce costs
54.renewable energy
55.Taking part in
七、书面表达(范文)
How to Use Electricity Safely
Electricity is useful but dangerous if misused. Here are some safety tips. First, never touch electrical appliances with wet hands. Second, check cables regularly to ensure they are not damaged. Third, avoid outdoor activities during thunderstorms to stay away from power lines. Finally, report broken wires to adults immediately. By following these rules, we can protect ourselves and enjoy the benefits of electricity.
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