2016届中考复习策略《阅读理解技巧》

阅读理解题型与技巧
阅读理解题主要是考查学生实际运用语言的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能力，是各类英语测试中必考的一种重要的测试题型，而且一般在试卷中所占比重较大。其考查的方式一般采取选择题、判断正误(T/F)、回答问题或改写成完形填空等几种形式。
阅读理解题的题材涉及科普、社会、政治、经济、文化等。体裁富于变化，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等。
考生要想做好阅读理解题，一般来说，考生应从以下几个方面考虑：
一、快速浏览，辨别文体，掌握结构，抓住话题，了解主旨大意
中考阅读理解题要求考生在有限的时间内读完5 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )篇左右的短文，并要回答20个左右的问题，所以根本不能也没必要仔细阅读每一篇短文。当然，快速浏览时要特别注意短文的首段。一篇文章的主旨大意往往就在这里。当然，考生还要通过首句或末句抓住每段的大意，紧扣每段中的关键词语，迅速把握短文的主旨大意以及短文主要信息的分布。
“No man is an island” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is a well-known line from John Donne’s Devotion, written more than three hundred years ago. Even now people still agree with him. No one can live a completely isolated life. Without other people, life became empty and sad. We all need to have friends.(广州市)
( )64.The best title for this passage should be .
A. How to Make Friends B. A Famous Book
C. About Friendship D. John Donne and Dale Carnegie
通过文章的首句和末句，考生不难选出A作为最佳答案。
二、了解考查内容，带着问题读短文，寻找答案
考生在掌握短文的主旨大意之后，应认真阅读题目，准确理解题意及其范围，然后到短文中寻找相关语句或段落。
PDAs are very ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) useful. They are like small computers. You can put a lot of informatiuon into them. For example, you can put in telephone numbers and e-mail addresses. Many people use PDAs to remember important dates. Some of these super machines can even send and receive e-mails. (南宁市)
( )37. The passage does not say a PDA can .
A. send e-mails B. remember information
C. talk to you D. do some things like a computer
通过分析四个选择支，考生不难发现A、B、D分别体现在文章最后一句、第三句和第二句。故本题应选C。
三、认真斟酌，透过表层结构，领会其深层涵义
找到相关语句或段落后，考生要对所选答 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )案有针对性地寻找支撑论点的关键信息，弄清楚短文中的一些重要事实或细节，因为它们是作者得出结论或阐明论点的依据。考生要对这一部分内容仔细阅读，反复推敲，从而保证对这一细节的正确理解。
In Sri Lanka, whe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n the first waves hit, thousands of children came to the seaside. The
waves brought in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fish. The old and the young collected them. Many waited for more.
“They got caught and c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ould not run to safety. This is the reason why so many children
have died,” said a police spokesman in Sri Lanka. (盐城市)
( ) 73. Many children died in tsunamis because_____________.
A. they were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )near the sea every day B. they didn't know when to run away
C. they were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) waiting to collect fish D. they were playing on the sand
考生初一看，A、B、C、D四个选择支在文中均提到，但只要仔细推敲一下那位警察发言人的话，就可以确定C为最佳答案。
四、筛选、比较、衡量、综合文章的有用信息，确定最佳答案
做完一篇短文后面的所有题目后，考生要对照短文内容通盘考虑，充分分析前后的内在联系，理顺全文的逻辑关系，从而尽可能可以减少错误或疏漏。
One autumn afternoo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n The fifth hurricane（飓风）of the year ----- Hurricane Paula, which was moving at a speed of more than thirty-five miles an hour, did hit Pohawk. This time it lasted nearly five hours and killed at least 2637 men, women and children. The list of missing people got longer every day. Nearly half of the people of Pohawk were missing. It destroyed（摧毁）everything in the town and caused great floods turning the small town into island. The top of the hotel disappeared and so did the great mansion（大厦）.The radio tower had fallen on Pohawk’s only factory and cut it in half. (泰州市)
( )61. The passage mainly tells us __ ___.
A. the great number of the lost people
B. the great speed of Hurricane Paula
C. the great damage caused by Hurricane Paula
D. the great floods caused by a hurricane
综合分析文中所提供的信息：飓风的巨大风速、死亡的人数、巨大的财产损失等，考生便可找出C为最佳答案。