阅读表达
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点解析
1、题型多样性与能力综合要求
细节题（占比 50%+）：需精准定位原文信息，但干扰项设计隐蔽（如偷换主语、时态混淆）。
推理题（20%+）：需结合上下文逻辑链推导隐含信息（如人物动机、作者态度），易因主
观臆断失分。
开放性试题（10%+）：要求基于原文合理发挥（如建议类、观点类问题），需平衡逻辑性
与创新性。
翻译题（10%）：划线句子多为复合句（含定语从句、被动语态），需拆分结构并转换语序。
2、语言难度与文本特征
长难句占比提升：复合句（如非限制性定语从句）、插入语、被动语态增多，需拆分主干（主
谓宾）理解。
跨学科词汇：科技（AI、算法）、环保（碳中和）、文化（非遗）类术语出现频率增加。
文化背景依赖：中西习俗对比、传统节日等题材需常识辅助理解（如端午节与屈原关联）。
3、高频易错点
信息误判：未区分直接信息与间接信息（如混淆“原因”与“结果”）。
语法错误：时态不一致（原文过去时→答案未用过去式）、单复数错误（如“suggestions”漏
写“s”）。
逻辑断层：未关注转折词（but/however）或因果词（therefore）导致推理偏差。
二、解题步骤与技巧
1、审题定位（1 分钟）
划关键词：疑问词（what/why/how）、核心名词/动词、数字/专有名词。
预测答案类型：细节题（直接抄录）、推理题（逻辑词+原文线索）、开放题（观点+依据）。
2、信息提取与加工（3-5 分钟）
细节题：
直接定位法：按段落顺序查找，匹配关键词（如时间、地点）。
同义替换识别：如原文“reduce screen time”对应题目“limit device use”。
推理题：
逻辑链推导：分析上下文因果（because）、对比（however）、举例（for example）关系。
情感态度推断：通过形容词（positive/negative）、副词（fortunately/unfortunately）判断作者
立场。
开放题：
TAP 模型：紧扣主题（Topic）→ 具体行动（Action）→ 明确目的（Purpose）。
示例：问题“How to protect traditional festivals ” → 答案“Promote cultural activities in schools
to enhance awareness.”。
3、语言转换与规范作答（2 分钟）
语法准确性：
时态一致：原文过去时→答案用过去式（如“started”）。
词性转换：名词→形容词（如 tradition→traditional）。
简洁完整：
疑问词引导：What→答名词/动名词；Why→答 because 从句或不定式目的状语。
避免冗余：删除无关修饰词（如“very”“really”）。
4、复查与修正（1 分钟）
逻辑验证：代入答案检查是否与原文矛盾（如时态、人称）。
标点与格式：首字母大写、句尾加句号，翻译题注意中英文标点差异。
三、2025 年命题趋势预测
1、选材方向
实用类文本主导：校园通知、活动安排、科普短文占比 60%+，需关注信息筛选能力。
跨学科融合：科技（AI 伦理）、环保（垃圾分类）、文化（中西节日对比）类文本增加，
需积累主题词汇。
2、题型创新
多模态文本：图文结合（如广告海报+说明文字）考查信息整合能力。
批判性思维强化：增加评价类问题（如“是否同意作者观点？为什么？”），需结合文本与常
识论证。
3、高频考点
细节题：时间、地点、原因、方式等直接信息。
推理题：隐含态度（如作者对科技的担忧）、事件影响（如环保措施的效果）。
翻译题：含定语从句的复合句（如“The book which I borrowed is interesting.”）。
四、备考策略
1、词汇与语法强化
高频词分类记忆：按主题整理科技（algorithm, renewable energy）、文 化（dragon boat, Peking
Opera）词汇，搭配例句。
长难句专项训练：每日精析 2-3 个真题长句，标注主干与修饰成分（如定语从句）。
2、技巧实战化
限时模拟：每周完成 3 篇阅读表达，严格计时（8 分钟/篇），记录错题类型（如细节/推理）。
错题归因：建立错题本，按“定位失误”“语法错误”“逻辑偏差”分类总结。
3、文化拓展与思维训练
跨文化知识库：积累传统习俗（如春节贴春联）、科技概念（如机器学习）的英文表达。
思辨能力培养：针对开放题，练习从多角度（经济、环境、社会）提出解决方案。
4、真题与模拟题结合
近 5 年真题精练：重点分析 2023-2024 年真题，掌握命题规律（如上海卷偏好生活化场景）。
模拟题创新题突破：练习含图表、多模态文本的题目，提升信息整合能力。
五、总结
2025 年上海中考“阅读表达”将延续“细节为基、推理为核、开放为变”的命题逻辑。考生需以
高频词汇为根基，以逻辑推理为核心，以规范表达为保障，结合真题训练与跨学科拓展，强
化对长难句和复杂文本的解析能力。建议通过“限时模拟+错题复盘+文化积累”三位一体策
略，实现精准提分。
【基础试题】
A
It was April 1962. I was 12 years old and in the seventh grade at William Cleveland School,
in Houston, Texas. My English teacher was Ms. Ada Pettis. It was Spelling Bee time in our city.
Students were given small books of words to study in preparation for the classroom spelldowns
(拼单词比赛). Spelling Bee was one of the most important activities of the year in our school.
Everyone wanted to qualify (有资格)for the school spelldown. Winners would enter the citywide
competition and try hard to become the top Spelling Bee of Houston.
The day before the classroom spelldown, my youngest brother was playing with matches
and accidentally set a fire in our house. The next morning, my mother called the school and told
Ms. Pettis about the accident.
When I arrived at school, Ms. Pettis pulled me aside. She asked if I wanted her to put off
the classroom spelldown because I was in a bad mood. I told her no. That day, I won the
spelldown.
The school spelldown was held the next week. I won again! The citywide spelling
competition was one month away.
Over the weekend, Ms. Pettis picked me up. We went to her home, where she helped me
practice the spelling of difficult words.
After a couple of hours, Ms. Pettis took me to an ice cream bar, where we enjoyed large ice
creams! We practiced and had big ice creams every weekend until the citywide competition.
I did not win, but I still felt proud . I also felt thankful that .
1．What was one of the most important activities of the year in the school
2．Why was there a fire in the writer’s house the day before the classroom spelldown
3．Did the teacher put off the classroom spelldown the next day
4．How did the writer do in the school spelldown the next week
5．Where did the writer practice the spelling over the weekend
6．What can be filled in the two blanks according to the story
【答案】
1．Spelling Bee.
2．Because the writer’s (his) youngest brother played with matches (and set a fire in the house).
3．No.
4．He won the school spelldown.
5．The writer practiced the spelling at Ms. Pettis’s home over the weekend.
6．to have taken part in the competition； I had such a caring teacher
【难度】0.85
【知识点】叙事忆旧、记叙文
【导语】本文主要讲述我参加拼字比赛的故事。
1．根据“Spelling Bee was one of the most important activities of the year in our school”可知拼字
比赛是我们学校一年中最重要的活动之一。故填 Spelling Bee.
2．根据“The day before the classroom spelldown, my youngest brother…Ms. Pettis about the
accident”可知作者最小的弟弟在家里玩火柴。故填 Because the writer’s (his) youngest brother
played with matches (and set a fire in the house)。
3．根据“She asked if I wanted…I told her no”可知没有推迟比赛。故填 No.
4．根据“The school spelldown was held the next week. I won again”可知我赢得了比赛。故填
He won the school spelldown.
5．根据“We went to her home, where she helped me practice the spelling of difficult words.”可知
我们在佩蒂斯女士的家练习。故填The writer practiced the spelling at Ms. Pettis’s home over the
weekend.
6．根据“I did not win, but I still felt proud”可知我虽然输了比赛但是我为参加比赛而骄傲；根
据“I also felt thankful”可知我因为我有一个乐于助人的老师而心怀感恩。故填 to have taken
part in the competition；I had such a caring teacher。
B
Sun Ruifeng, a mother in Beijing, changed some of her plans for her 8-year-old son’s
summer vacation. She looked for an English training course, but in the end, she changed it to a
swimming training class.
“Due to the stricter regulations (规定) on subject-training classes, many parents like me
choose sports or other projects for developing interests instead,” Sun said.
Sun’s choice is part of the result of the government’s growing efforts to lighten the
academic pressure on young students.
On July 24 last year, Chinese government introduced a guideline (意见) to ease the burden
(负 担 ) of excessive homework and off-campus training for primary and junior high school
students. It lists requirements in areas such as reducing the amount and the difficulty of homework
and improving the quality of education and after-class services provided by schools.
For example, homework for children below the third grade is not allowed, while homework
for junior high school students should take no longer than 90 minutes to finish.
According to the guideline, training institutions (机构) cannot teach students content that is
too advanced for the school curriculum. No training courses can be taught on weekends, national
holidays or during winter and summer vacations.
According to Global Times, more than 75 percent of Chinese urban children, from Grade 1
to Grade 12, are enrolled in training programs. However, some training institutions take part in
anxiety marketing, selling unnecessary programs that increase the burden on students.
Many parents showed their support for the new moves. “Subject learning is enough at
school and we hope to improve the children’s overall quality of life during holidays.” a parent
surnamed (姓) Zhou in Guangzhou told Xinhua.
However, there are also some concerns. A parent surnamed Chen in Shanxi said that
although she agreed on new moves, she worried about ________.
At present, nine cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Shenyang and Guangzhou, have been
selected to carry out the guideline. It will later be rolled out nationwide.
1．Sun Ruifeng didn’t choose the swimming training class for her son at last, did she
2．What does the guideline require primary and junior high schools to do on homework
3．How long do the children below the third grade spend on homework
4．Who increase the burden on students by selling unnecessary programs
5．Why did many parents show their support for the new move
6．What might be filled in the blank in the last second paragraph
【答案】
1．Yes, she does.
2．It requires primary and junior high schools to reduce the amount and the difficulty of
homework. 3．Zero.
4．Some training institutions.
5．Because they think subject learning is enough at school and they hope to improve the children’
s overall quality of life during holidays.
6．they couldn’t help their kids if they have problems academically（答案不唯一，言之有理即
可）
【难度】0.85
【知识点】教育、说明文
【导语】本文介绍了“双减”政策落地的原因、政策规定及家长反应。
1．根据“She looked for an English training course, but in the end, she changed it to a swimming
training class.”可知，孙瑞峰最后给儿子选了游泳训练课。故填 Yes, she did.
2．根据“It lists requirements in areas such as reducing the amount and the difficulty of homework”
可知，该指导意见要求小学和初中都要减少家庭作业的量和难度。故填It requires primary and
junior high schools to reduce the amount and the difficulty of homework.
3．根据“For example, homework for children below the third grade is not allowed,”可知，三年级
以下的孩子们不需要在家庭作业上花费时间。故填 Zero.
4．根据“According to the guideline, training institutions (机构) cannot teach students content that
is too advanced for the school curriculum.”可知，一些培训机构通过出售不必要的课程来增加
学生的负担。故填 Some training institutions.
5．根据“Subject learning is enough at school and we hope to improve the children’s overall
quality of life during holidays.”可知，许多家长支持这一新举措是因为他们希望在假期期间提
高孩子们的整体生活质量。故填Because they think subject learning is enough at school and they
hope to improve the children’s overall quality of life during holidays.
6．根据“she worried about”可知此处补充出“双减”政策令家长担忧的地方即可（答案不唯一，
言之有理即可）。故填 they couldn’t help their kids if they have problems academically。
【提升试题】
A
Scientists say every year the energy being wasted in the oil and gas fields of Texas can
provide electricity for one hundred thousand homes. Loy Sneary, a businessman, also says sixty
percent of all energy produced in the world today is being lost as wasted heat. So he created a
company called Gulf Coast Green Energy to recycle that waste with the help of his “Green Energy
Machine” and heat-recyeling technology.
As we all know, it is very hot in the deep underground of the earth. If we drive a drill down
into hard rock, the drill bit (钻头) will get hotter and hotter. Can we capture the heat energy to
make electricity Of course, Mr Sneary has successfully collected the waste heat by his machine.
The machine pours the lower temperature hot well-water through one pipe next to another which
is filled with a cooling material called refrigerant (制冷剂). As soon as the heat meets the cold, the
refrigerant is expanded and pressurized. Steam is then produced to operate the “Green Energy
Machine” to make electricity. Through this heat-recycling technology more electricity can be
produced than all of the coal-fired power plants, natural gas fired power plants and nuclear power
plants together in the world.
In order to make full use of the waste heat made by the boilers (锅 炉 ) system, he has
connected his “Green Energy Machine” to the boilers at Southern Methodist University in Dallas,
Texas, to create electricity. It has helped reduce the university’s bills. The school and Gulf Coast
Green Energy have worked together for several years. Besides oil and gas wells that can provide
waste heat for the Green Energy Machines to make electricity, this heat-recycling technology can
also be used in solar energy collectors, coal-fired power plants—almost any factory that can
produce waste heat.
1．Loy Sneary is a scientist, isn’t he
2．What has Mr Sneary successfully done by his machine
3．From the passage how many ways are there to make electricity
4．In which state is the “Green Energy Machine” being used
5．How has Mr Sneary helped Southern Methodist University reduce the electricity bill
6．Do you know any other good ways to make electricity Give some examples.
【答案】
1．No, he isn’t.
2．He has successfully collected the waste heat by his machine.
3．Four.
4．In Texas.
5．He has connected his “Green Energy Machine” to the boilers at Southern Methodist University
to create electricity.
6．Yes. We can make electricity by wind, by water and by sun. (答案不唯一，合理即可)
【难度】0.65
【知识点】科学技术、说明文
【导语】本文主要介绍洛伊·斯纳里创立海湾海岸绿色能源公司，利用“绿色能源机器”和热
回收技术将废热转化为电能，应用广泛且已显成效。
1．根据“Loy Sneary, a businessman”可知，Loy Sneary 是商人，不是科学家，故填 No, he isn’
t.
2．根据“Mr Sneary has successfully collected the waste heat by his machine.”可知，Sneary 先生
用他的机器成功收集了废热。故填 He has successfully collected the waste heat by his machine.
3．通读全文可知，文中提到利用热回收技术发电，还提到了传统的 coal-fired power plants
（燃煤发电厂）、natural gas fired power plants（燃气发电厂）、nuclear power plants（核电
厂），总共是四种发电方式。故填 Four.
4．根据“he has connected his ‘Green Energy Machine’ to the boilers at Southern Methodist
University in Dallas, Texas”可知，“绿色能源机器”在德克萨斯州（Texas）被使用。故填In Texas.
5．根据“In order to make full use of the waste heat made by…reduce the university’s bills.”可知，
他将“绿色能源机器”连接到大学的锅炉来发电，从而帮助学校降低了电费。故填 He has
connected his “Green Energy Machine” to the boilers at Southern Methodist University to create
electricity.
6．答案不唯一，合理即可。故填 Yes. We can make electricity by wind, by water and by sun.
B
Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner is an amazing mountain climber. She has climbed 14 of the world’s
highest mountains—which are all over 8,000 meters high! Because the air is thinner, most
climbers need extra oxygen to reach the tops of these mountains. However, Gerlinde is the first
woman to climb all 14 mountains without extra oxygen.
When Gerlinde was 13 years old, she climbed her first big mountain—Sturzhahn in Austria
(2,028 meters). She became a nurse, but always had a passion (激情) for climbing. When she was
32 years old, Gerlinde climbed her fifth major mountain—Nanga Parbat in Pakistan—and decided
to become a full-time mountain climber.
In 2007, when Gerlinde was 37 years old, she had an accident while climbing Dhaulagiri in
Nepal—the world’s seventh highest mountain. She was inside her tent one morning when an
avalanche (雪 崩 ) struck. When the avalanche stopped, it was very dark, and she didn’t know
where she was. She had a small knife and cut a hole in the tent. Slowly, Gerlinde managed to get
out of the deep snow and to the surface.
Gerlinde recovered from the accident. “I couldn’t stop climbing—this is my life,” she said.
“A year later I returned to the same spot (地点). There was the most beautiful sunrise I have ever
seen.” She climbed the 14th mountain—K2, between Pakistan and China—in 2011 and set the
world record.
1．Gerlinde has climbed all 14 mountains without using extra oxygen, hasn’t she
2．What change did Gerlinde make to become a full-time mountain climber
3．Why did everything go dark for Gerlinde after the avalanche stopped
4．How did Gerlinde manage to escape after the avalanche
5．Why do you think Gerlinde found the sunrise on Dhaulagiri so beautiful
6．What facts from the story show Gerlinde’s passion for climbing Please list three.
【答案】
1．Yes, she has.
2．She gave up her job (as a nurse)/ She changed/ quitted her job.
3．Because she was inside her tent when the avalanche happened, and the snow covered it.
4．She used a small knife to cut a hole in the tent, then slowly made her way out of the deep snow
to the surface.
5．Because it was a sign of hope and a new beginning after her challenging experience. The
sunrise gives her the strength to keep climbing.
6．She climbed her first big mountain at the age of 13. At 32, she (quitted her job as a nurse and)
decided to become a full-time mountain climber after climbing her fifth major mountain. Even
after a serious accident, she returned to the same mountain a year later.
【难度】0.65
【知识点】其他人、记叙文
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了著名登山家 Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner 的登山经历和成
就。
1．根据文章第 1 段“Gerlinde is the first woman to climb all 14 mountains without extra oxygen.”
可推知 Gerlinde 确实没有使用额外氧气攀登了所有 14 座山峰。故填 Yes, she has.
2．根据文章第 2 段“She became a nurse, but always had a passion (激情) for climbing. When she
was 32 years old, Gerlinde climbed her fifth major mountain—Nanga Parbat in Pakistan—and
decided to become a full-time mountain climber.”可知 Gerlinde 在攀登了 Nanga Parbat 后决定成
为一名全职登山者，这表明她从护士变为专职登山者。故填 She gave up her job (as a nurse)/
She changed/ quitted her job.
3．根据文章第 3 段“She was inside her tent one morning when an avalanche (雪崩) struck. When
the avalanche stopped, it was very dark, and she didn’t know where she was.”可知，雪崩后
Gerlinde 被埋在深雪中，因此周围一片黑暗。故填 Because she was inside her tent when the
avalanche happened, and the snow covered it.
4．根据文章第 3 段“She had a small knife and cut a hole in the tent. Slowly, Gerlinde managed to
get out of the deep snow and to the surface.”可知，Gerlinde 用一把小刀在帐篷上割了一个洞，
慢慢从深雪中爬了出来。故填 She used a small knife to cut a hole in the tent, then slowly made
her way out of the deep snow to the surface.
5．根据文章第 4 段“A year later I returned to the same spot. There was the most beautiful sunrise
I have ever seen.”可推知，她遭遇雪崩后重返的地方，她克服危险再度登顶，心中更觉珍贵
和美好，是希望和新的开始的象征，所以觉得日出格外壮丽。故填 Because it was a sign of
hope and a new beginning after her challenging experience. The sunrise gives her the strength to
keep climbing.
6．根据文章第 2 段“When Gerlinde was 13 years old, she climbed her first big mountain—
Sturzhahn in Austria (2,028 meters).”可知 Gerlinde 在 13 岁时就攀登了她的第一座大山，显示
了她对登山的热情；根据文章第 2 段“When she was 32 years old, Gerlinde climbed her fifth
major mountain—Nanga Parbat in Pakistan—and decided to become a full-time mountain
climber.”可知，Gerlinde 在攀登了第五座大山后决定成为一名全职登山者，进一步体现了她
对登山的热情；根据文章第 4 段“I couldn’t stop climbing—this is my life,” she said.”可知，即
使经历了严重的事故，Gerlinde 仍然继续攀登，表明她对登山的执着和热爱。故填She climbed
her first big mountain at the age of 13. At 32, she (quitted her job as a nurse and) decided to
become a full-time mountain climber after climbing her fifth major mountain. Even after a serious
accident, she returned to the same mountain a year later.
C
根据对话内容回答下列问题。
Finally, under a cloudy, moonless sky, the train pulled into the train station. “Hold hands
and stay together,” Kassie’s mom waned as they got off the train and made their way out of the
station. During their short ride to their new home, Kassie noticed how whites and blacks kept their
distance. Even on the bus, they were forced to sit at the back; meanwhile, the whites took the front
seats. Kassie couldn’t stop thinking of this strange behavior.
She hoped it would be slightly different at school.
Two days later, Kassie got her answer. She entered her classroom and was surprised to find
so many white children already seated. She looked for a black child, but saw none, so she decided
to find a seat.
“What are you doing ” a red-haired girl asked. Kassie looked at her puzzled, not sure how
to reply. “Blacks sit on the back of the room,” the girl said, pointing a finger towards the broken
desks at the back of the classroom. Kassie looked at the collection of desks and frowned. Most
were broken, and their surfaces were covered with dust and pencil drawings. Kassie hoped that
there would be other black children in the class, but as the bell rang, no other children showed up.
When the teacher introduced Kassie to the class, everyone looked at her as if she was an alien.
The rest of the week wasn’t any better. Kassie considered asking her parents more than
once to let her move back home with her grandparents. But again, the idea of being respectful and
grateful kept her quiet.
Boston was a gray city with tall buildings and few trees. There were a few sunny days, and
the air was cold. Kassie missed the open countryside, the tall trees, colourful flowers and blue
skies. Most of all, she missed her friends and grandparents.
1．When did Kassie arrive at Boston railway station
2．What did Kassie see during the ride to her new home
3．Did Kassie feel excited or surprised when she entered the classroom
4．What did the red-haired girl mean by asking “What are you doing ”
5．What was Kassie like in her classmates’ eyes
6．What did Kassie think of her new life in Boston Why (Give at least two reasons.)
【答案】
1．On a cloudy, moonless night.
2．She saw how whites and blacks kept their distance.
3．Kassie felt surprised.
4．The girl meant that Kassie should sit on the back of the classroom./that Kassie had no rights to
choose a seat.
5．She was like an alien.
6．Kassie thought her new life in Boston was cold and lonely, because whites kept their distance
from blacks in Boston and Kassie missed her friends and grandparents in the open
countryside./people didn’t treat blacks with respect and her classmates are also unfriendly to her
and she didn’t have friends. (Any reasonable answer is accepted.)
【难度】0.65
【知识点】叙事忆旧、记叙文
【导语】本文主要讲述了凯西前往波士顿新家以及在学校发生的事情。
1．根据“Finally, under a cloudy, moonless sky, the train pulled into the train station.”可知，在多
云无月的晚上，凯西到达波士顿火车站。故填 On a cloudy, moonless night.
2．根据“ During their short ride to their new home, Kassie noticed how whites and blacks kept
their distance”可知，在前往新家的短途旅程中，凯西注意到白人和黑人是如何保持距离的。
故填 She saw how whites and blacks kept their distance.
3．根据“She entered her classroom and was surprised to find so many white children already
seated.”可知，她很惊讶，故填 Kassie felt surprised.
4．根据“Blacks sit on the back of the room”和文章可知，女孩的意思是凯西应该坐在教室的
后面。/凯西无权选择座位。故填 The girl meant that Kassie should sit on the back of the
classroom./that Kassie had no rights to choose a seat.
5．根据“everyone looked at her as if she was an alien.”可知，她像一个外星人，故填 She was
like an alien.
6．根据“Boston was a gray city with tall buildings and few trees. There were a few sunny days,
and the air was cold. Kassie missed the open countryside, the tall trees, colourful flowers and blue
skies. Most of all, she missed her friends and grandparents.”可知，凯西认为她在波士顿的新生
活是寒冷和孤独的，因为白人和波士顿的黑人保持着距离，凯西想念她在开阔乡村的朋友和
祖父母。/人们不尊重黑人，她的同学对她也不友好，她没有朋友。故填 Kassie thought her
new life in Boston was cold and lonely, because whites kept their distance from blacks in Boston
and Kassie missed her friends and grandparents in the open countryside./people didn’t treat blacks
with respect and her classmates are also unfriendly to her and she didn’t have friends.
【拔高试题】
A
Answer the questions (根据以下内容回答问题).
Hello, Larry,
So glad to hear from you this morning and to hear about the Chinese Lantern Festival. I note
that you saw lots of fireworks IN your flat. I am sure that you meant you saw them FROM your
flat. If they were IN your flat, that would be rather dangerous! Your visit to the Roman Catholic
cathedral was interesting, too.
I believe you have received our New Year greetings twice over! After I wrote the card, I
could not find it. It was gone. . . lost! I did not know where, so I wrote another card. Later I
received a note telling me that you had received both cards. So you were doubly greeted! And, I
hope, doubly blessed!
It was good to know you have been to your parents’ home for the New Year. I trust you
found them well and enjoyed visiting your hometown. You must have been excited to meet your
old friends and neighbours there again.
My brother John has a Chinese friend who he met in London last summer. His name is
Andrew. He works with students in Beijing, and also Chinese students returning to Beijing after
having studied and worked abroad—like you did. He seems a very pleasant fellow who, when I
told him I had a friend recently returning from Scotland, said he would be happy to contact you
if you would like that. He is currently in Taiwan but will be back in Beijing around 15th March
after which, he says, he would be happy to meet up with you. If you would like to meet him, I
will send you his address and/or him yours, but I will do nothing further till I hear from you.
About your question about us, as Christians, eating pork…, yes, we do indeed try to follow
the teaching of the Bible (圣经) as it applies to our daily living. Some rules do not apply to us in
our day though.
The sun is shining brightly today but it is still very cold this morning. There is heavy snow
everywhere. In some places, power cables go wrong, too. The winter conditions are lasting
longer this year than before.
Best wishes!
Sincerely,
Ken
1．Did Larry see the fireworks in his flat or from his flat
2．Why did Ken say Larry was doubly greeted
3．What did Larry do during his New Year holiday
4．Where does Larry live now
5．Write a question Larry asked Ken according to the underlined words. Why did he ask it
6．Do you think Larry will meet up with Andrew Why
【答案】
1．From his flat.
2．Because Ken wrote two cards to Larry and he received both of them.
3．He went to his parents’ home, met his old friends and neighbours.
4．In Beijing.
5．Do Christians eat pork He asked the question because he was curious about Christian religious
practices and dietary rules.
6．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I think Larry will likely meet Andrew. Andrew
works with Chinese students returning from abroad, just like Larry did. This common experience
could make them connect easily.
【难度】0.4
【知识点】朋友、假日活动、饮食习俗、应用文、传统节日
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要是 Ken 写给 Larry 的回信，谈及 Larry 提到的中国元
宵节、去父母家过年等内容，还介绍了自己哥哥的中国朋友 Andrew，询问 Larry 是否愿意
见面，同时回答了 Larry 关于基督徒是否吃猪肉的问题，并描述了当地的天气状况。
1．根据第一段“I note that you saw lots of fireworks IN your flat. I am sure that you meant you
saw them FROM your flat.”可知，Ken 纠正了 Larry 的介词使用，如果烟花在屋里 (in his flat)，
会很危险，所以应该是从屋里看外面的烟花 (from his flat)。故填 From his flat.
2．根据第二段“After I wrote the card, I could not find it. It was gone... lost! I did not know where,
so I wrote another card. Later I received a note telling me that you had received both cards.”可知，
Ken 写了两张贺卡给 Larry，Larry 都收到了；因此，Ken 说 Larry 被双重问候了。故填 Because
Ken wrote two cards to Larry and he received both of them.
3．根据第三段“It was good to know you have been to your parents’ home for the New Year... You
must have been excited to meet your old friends and neighbours there again.”可知，Larry 在新年
假期去了父母家，见到了老朋友和邻居。故填 He went to his parents’ home, met his old friends
and neighbours.
4．根据第四段“His name is Andrew. He works with students in Beijing, and also Chinese students
returning to Beijing after having studied and worked abroad—like you did.”可知，安德鲁的工作
对象包括在北京的学生，以及像 Larry 一样在国外学习和工作后回到北京的中国学生；据此
可以推断，Larry 现在住在北京。故填 In Beijing.
5．根据第五段“About your question about us, as Christians, eating pork…”可知，Larry 问的问
题是关于基督徒是否吃猪肉；他问这个问题的原因是，Larry 可能对基督徒的宗教习俗和饮
食禁忌感到好奇。故填 Do Christians eat pork He asked the question because he was curious
about Christian religious practices and dietary rules.
6．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I think Larry will likely meet Andrew. Andrew
works with Chinese students returning from abroad, just like Larry did. This common experience
could make them connect easily.
B
The train was winding its way. All the other passengers were sleeping soundly, but I didn't
fall asleep on that morning. I wanted to have a look at our West with my own eyes. Looking out of
the window, I couldn't see green for miles. What I saw was ranges of mountains with few or no
trees on them.
At that time I remembered and really understood a famous writer's words. "The West of
China used to be the beginning of Chinese culture. But now it is sleeping." Maybe, we, who live
in the East, have never thought that we will come to the West one day. Maybe, some Easterners
have a sense of superiority, but did they know if it were not for the soiled lands, there would not
have been the richness in the East If it were not for the deep wrinkle（皱纹）on the Westerners'
faces, there would not have been the comfortable life of the handsome boys and pretty girls in the
East. In a way, we can say, the West of China is great!
For tens of hundreds of years, our mother river, the Yellow River has been flowing from the
West to the East, carrying rich food all the way. As a result, the East is getting more and more
beautiful, and the West is becoming poorer and poorer. Now lots of people are entering the West.
Wake up, the West of China! Here is the chance for you to develop yourself.
We are sure that a few years later more and more people will come to the West, to develop
or to visit it. The West of China will become rich and beautiful sooner or later. We are waiting for
that day!
1．Why didn't the writer fall asleep when he took the train
2．What did the writer see on mountains
3．Where wouldn't have been the richness if it weren't for the soiled lands
4．How long has the Yellow River been flowing from the West to the East
5．The West is becoming more and more beautiful, isn't it
6．What can we do for the development of West of China
【答案】
1．Because he wanted to have a look at our West with his own eyes.
2．He saw few or no trees.
3．In the East/In the East of China.
4．For tens of hundreds of years.
5．No, it isn't.
6．Planting trees/...
【难度】0.4
【知识点】社会差距、记叙文
【分析】这篇短文主语讲述了作者乘火车去西部看到的景色，非常看好中国西部的发展。中
国西部迟早会变得富饶美丽。
1．题干“为什么作者坐火车时没有睡着？” 根据文中“I wanted to have a look at our West with
my own eyes.”可知，想亲眼看看我们的西部。故填Because he wanted to have a look at our West
with his own eyes.
2．题干“作者在山上看到了什么？” 根据文中“What I saw was ranges of mountains with few
or no trees on them.” 可知作者看到的是一群山，山上几乎没有树木。故填 He saw few or no
trees.
3．题干“如果不是那些肮脏的土地，哪里不会有财富呢？” 根据文中 but did they know if it
were not for the soiled lands, there would not have been the richness in the East 但他们是否知
道，如果没有这片肮脏的土地，东方就不会有富饶？可知，在中国的东部。故填 In the East/In
the East of China.
4．题干“黄河从西向东流了多久？” 根据文中“For tens of hundreds of years, our mother river,
the Yellow River has been flowing from the West to the East, carrying rich food all the way.”可
知，成百上千年来，我们的母亲河，黄河一直从西向东流淌，一路带来了丰富的食物。故填
For tens of hundreds of years.
5．题干“西方越来越美丽了，不是吗？”根据“ As a result, the East is getting more and more
beautiful, and the West is becoming poorer and poorer.”可知，结果，东方越来越漂亮，西方越
来越穷。这里是否定回答，No, it isn't.不，它不是。故填 No, it isn't.
6．题干“我们能为西部大开发做些什么？”根据文中“ We are sure that a few years later more
and more people will come to the West, to develop or to visit it.”可知，我们可以为西部开发做很
多贡献，比如我们可以种树，造林。根据题意，故填 Planting trees。阅读表达
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点解析
1、题型多样性与能力综合要求
细节题（占比 50%+）：需精准定位原文信息，但干扰项设计隐蔽（如偷换主语、时态混淆）。
推理题（20%+）：需结合上下文逻辑链推导隐含信息（如人物动机、作者态度），易因主
观臆断失分。
开放性试题（10%+）：要求基于原文合理发挥（如建议类、观点类问题），需平衡逻辑性
与创新性。
翻译题（10%）：划线句子多为复合句（含定语从句、被动语态），需拆分结构并转换语序。
2、语言难度与文本特征
长难句占比提升：复合句（如非限制性定语从句）、插入语、被动语态增多，需拆分主干（主
谓宾）理解。
跨学科词汇：科技（AI、算法）、环保（碳中和）、文化（非遗）类术语出现频率增加。
文化背景依赖：中西习俗对比、传统节日等题材需常识辅助理解（如端午节与屈原关联）。
3、高频易错点
信息误判：未区分直接信息与间接信息（如混淆“原因”与“结果”）。
语法错误：时态不一致（原文过去时→答案未用过去式）、单复数错误（如“suggestions”漏
写“s”）。
逻辑断层：未关注转折词（but/however）或因果词（therefore）导致推理偏差。
二、解题步骤与技巧
1、审题定位（1 分钟）
划关键词：疑问词（what/why/how）、核心名词/动词、数字/专有名词。
预测答案类型：细节题（直接抄录）、推理题（逻辑词+原文线索）、开放题（观点+依据）。
2、信息提取与加工（3-5 分钟）
细节题：
直接定位法：按段落顺序查找，匹配关键词（如时间、地点）。
同义替换识别：如原文“reduce screen time”对应题目“limit device use”。
推理题：
逻辑链推导：分析上下文因果（because）、对比（however）、举例（for example）关系。
情感态度推断：通过形容词（positive/negative）、副词（fortunately/unfortunately）判断作者
立场。
开放题：
TAP 模型：紧扣主题（Topic）→ 具体行动（Action）→ 明确目的（Purpose）。
示例：问题“How to protect traditional festivals ” → 答案“Promote cultural activities in schools
to enhance awareness.”。
3、语言转换与规范作答（2 分钟）
语法准确性：
时态一致：原文过去时→答案用过去式（如“started”）。
词性转换：名词→形容词（如 tradition→traditional）。
简洁完整：
疑问词引导：What→答名词/动名词；Why→答 because 从句或不定式目的状语。
避免冗余：删除无关修饰词（如“very”“really”）。
4、复查与修正（1 分钟）
逻辑验证：代入答案检查是否与原文矛盾（如时态、人称）。
标点与格式：首字母大写、句尾加句号，翻译题注意中英文标点差异。
三、2025 年命题趋势预测
1、选材方向
实用类文本主导：校园通知、活动安排、科普短文占比 60%+，需关注信息筛选能力。
跨学科融合：科技（AI 伦理）、环保（垃圾分类）、文化（中西节日对比）类文本增加，
需积累主题词汇。
2、题型创新
多模态文本：图文结合（如广告海报+说明文字）考查信息整合能力。
批判性思维强化：增加评价类问题（如“是否同意作者观点？为什么？”），需结合文本与常
识论证。
3、高频考点
细节题：时间、地点、原因、方式等直接信息。
推理题：隐含态度（如作者对科技的担忧）、事件影响（如环保措施的效果）。
翻译题：含定语从句的复合句（如“The book which I borrowed is interesting.”）。
四、备考策略
1、词汇与语法强化
高频词分类记忆：按主题整理科技（algorithm, renewable energy）、文 化（dragon boat, Peking
Opera）词汇，搭配例句。
长难句专项训练：每日精析 2-3 个真题长句，标注主干与修饰成分（如定语从句）。
2、技巧实战化
限时模拟：每周完成 3 篇阅读表达，严格计时（8 分钟/篇），记录错题类型（如细节/推理）。
错题归因：建立错题本，按“定位失误”“语法错误”“逻辑偏差”分类总结。
3、文化拓展与思维训练
跨文化知识库：积累传统习俗（如春节贴春联）、科技概念（如机器学习）的英文表达。
思辨能力培养：针对开放题，练习从多角度（经济、环境、社会）提出解决方案。
4、真题与模拟题结合
近 5 年真题精练：重点分析 2023-2024 年真题，掌握命题规律（如上海卷偏好生活化场景）。
模拟题创新题突破：练习含图表、多模态文本的题目，提升信息整合能力。
五、总结
2025 年上海中考“阅读表达”将延续“细节为基、推理为核、开放为变”的命题逻辑。考生需以
高频词汇为根基，以逻辑推理为核心，以规范表达为保障，结合真题训练与跨学科拓展，强
化对长难句和复杂文本的解析能力。建议通过“限时模拟+错题复盘+文化积累”三位一体策
略，实现精准提分。
【基础试题】
A
It was April 1962. I was 12 years old and in the seventh grade at William Cleveland School,
in Houston, Texas. My English teacher was Ms. Ada Pettis. It was Spelling Bee time in our city.
Students were given small books of words to study in preparation for the classroom spelldowns
(拼单词比赛). Spelling Bee was one of the most important activities of the year in our school.
Everyone wanted to qualify (有资格)for the school spelldown. Winners would enter the citywide
competition and try hard to become the top Spelling Bee of Houston.
The day before the classroom spelldown, my youngest brother was playing with matches
and accidentally set a fire in our house. The next morning, my mother called the school and told
Ms. Pettis about the accident.
When I arrived at school, Ms. Pettis pulled me aside. She asked if I wanted her to put off
the classroom spelldown because I was in a bad mood. I told her no. That day, I won the
spelldown.
The school spelldown was held the next week. I won again! The citywide spelling
competition was one month away.
Over the weekend, Ms. Pettis picked me up. We went to her home, where she helped me
practice the spelling of difficult words.
After a couple of hours, Ms. Pettis took me to an ice cream bar, where we enjoyed large ice
creams! We practiced and had big ice creams every weekend until the citywide competition.
I did not win, but I still felt proud . I also felt thankful that .
1．What was one of the most important activities of the year in the school
2．Why was there a fire in the writer’s house the day before the classroom spelldown
3．Did the teacher put off the classroom spelldown the next day
4．How did the writer do in the school spelldown the next week
5．Where did the writer practice the spelling over the weekend
6．What can be filled in the two blanks according to the story
B
Sun Ruifeng, a mother in Beijing, changed some of her plans for her 8-year-old son’s
summer vacation. She looked for an English training course, but in the end, she changed it to a
swimming training class.
“Due to the stricter regulations (规定) on subject-training classes, many parents like me
choose sports or other projects for developing interests instead,” Sun said.
Sun’s choice is part of the result of the government’s growing efforts to lighten the
academic pressure on young students.
On July 24 last year, Chinese government introduced a guideline (意见) to ease the burden
(负 担 ) of excessive homework and off-campus training for primary and junior high school
students. It lists requirements in areas such as reducing the amount and the difficulty of homework
and improving the quality of education and after-class services provided by schools.
For example, homework for children below the third grade is not allowed, while homework
for junior high school students should take no longer than 90 minutes to finish.
According to the guideline, training institutions (机构) cannot teach students content that is
too advanced for the school curriculum. No training courses can be taught on weekends, national
holidays or during winter and summer vacations.
According to Global Times, more than 75 percent of Chinese urban children, from Grade 1
to Grade 12, are enrolled in training programs. However, some training institutions take part in
anxiety marketing, selling unnecessary programs that increase the burden on students.
Many parents showed their support for the new moves. “Subject learning is enough at
school and we hope to improve the children’s overall quality of life during holidays.” a parent
surnamed (姓) Zhou in Guangzhou told Xinhua.
However, there are also some concerns. A parent surnamed Chen in Shanxi said that
although she agreed on new moves, she worried about ________.
At present, nine cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Shenyang and Guangzhou, have been
selected to carry out the guideline. It will later be rolled out nationwide.
1．Sun Ruifeng didn’t choose the swimming training class for her son at last, did she
2．What does the guideline require primary and junior high schools to do on homework
3．How long do the children below the third grade spend on homework
4．Who increase the burden on students by selling unnecessary programs
5．Why did many parents show their support for the new move
6．What might be filled in the blank in the last second paragraph
【提升试题】
A
Scientists say every year the energy being wasted in the oil and gas fields of Texas can
provide electricity for one hundred thousand homes. Loy Sneary, a businessman, also says sixty
percent of all energy produced in the world today is being lost as wasted heat. So he created a
company called Gulf Coast Green Energy to recycle that waste with the help of his “Green Energy
Machine” and heat-recyeling technology.
As we all know, it is very hot in the deep underground of the earth. If we drive a drill down
into hard rock, the drill bit (钻头) will get hotter and hotter. Can we capture the heat energy to
make electricity Of course, Mr Sneary has successfully collected the waste heat by his machine.
The machine pours the lower temperature hot well-water through one pipe next to another which
is filled with a cooling material called refrigerant (制冷剂). As soon as the heat meets the cold, the
refrigerant is expanded and pressurized. Steam is then produced to operate the “Green Energy
Machine” to make electricity. Through this heat-recycling technology more electricity can be
produced than all of the coal-fired power plants, natural gas fired power plants and nuclear power
plants together in the world.
In order to make full use of the waste heat made by the boilers (锅 炉 ) system, he has
connected his “Green Energy Machine” to the boilers at Southern Methodist University in Dallas,
Texas, to create electricity. It has helped reduce the university’s bills. The school and Gulf Coast
Green Energy have worked together for several years. Besides oil and gas wells that can provide
waste heat for the Green Energy Machines to make electricity, this heat-recycling technology can
also be used in solar energy collectors, coal-fired power plants—almost any factory that can
produce waste heat.
1．Loy Sneary is a scientist, isn’t he
2．What has Mr Sneary successfully done by his machine
3．From the passage how many ways are there to make electricity
4．In which state is the “Green Energy Machine” being used
5．How has Mr Sneary helped Southern Methodist University reduce the electricity bill
6．Do you know any other good ways to make electricity Give some examples.
B
Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner is an amazing mountain climber. She has climbed 14 of the world’s
highest mountains—which are all over 8,000 meters high! Because the air is thinner, most
climbers need extra oxygen to reach the tops of these mountains. However, Gerlinde is the first
woman to climb all 14 mountains without extra oxygen.
When Gerlinde was 13 years old, she climbed her first big mountain—Sturzhahn in Austria
(2,028 meters). She became a nurse, but always had a passion (激情) for climbing. When she was
32 years old, Gerlinde climbed her fifth major mountain—Nanga Parbat in Pakistan—and decided
to become a full-time mountain climber.
In 2007, when Gerlinde was 37 years old, she had an accident while climbing Dhaulagiri in
Nepal—the world’s seventh highest mountain. She was inside her tent one morning when an
avalanche (雪 崩 ) struck. When the avalanche stopped, it was very dark, and she didn’t know
where she was. She had a small knife and cut a hole in the tent. Slowly, Gerlinde managed to get
out of the deep snow and to the surface.
Gerlinde recovered from the accident. “I couldn’t stop climbing—this is my life,” she said.
“A year later I returned to the same spot (地点). There was the most beautiful sunrise I have ever
seen.” She climbed the 14th mountain—K2, between Pakistan and China—in 2011 and set the
world record.
1．Gerlinde has climbed all 14 mountains without using extra oxygen, hasn’t she
2．What change did Gerlinde make to become a full-time mountain climber
3．Why did everything go dark for Gerlinde after the avalanche stopped
4．How did Gerlinde manage to escape after the avalanche
5．Why do you think Gerlinde found the sunrise on Dhaulagiri so beautiful
6．What facts from the story show Gerlinde’s passion for climbing Please list three.
C
根据对话内容回答下列问题。
Finally, under a cloudy, moonless sky, the train pulled into the train station. “Hold hands
and stay together,” Kassie’s mom waned as they got off the train and made their way out of the
station. During their short ride to their new home, Kassie noticed how whites and blacks kept their
distance. Even on the bus, they were forced to sit at the back; meanwhile, the whites took the front
seats. Kassie couldn’t stop thinking of this strange behavior.
She hoped it would be slightly different at school.
Two days later, Kassie got her answer. She entered her classroom and was surprised to find
so many white children already seated. She looked for a black child, but saw none, so she decided
to find a seat.
“What are you doing ” a red-haired girl asked. Kassie looked at her puzzled, not sure how
to reply. “Blacks sit on the back of the room,” the girl said, pointing a finger towards the broken
desks at the back of the classroom. Kassie looked at the collection of desks and frowned. Most
were broken, and their surfaces were covered with dust and pencil drawings. Kassie hoped that
there would be other black children in the class, but as the bell rang, no other children showed up.
When the teacher introduced Kassie to the class, everyone looked at her as if she was an alien.
The rest of the week wasn’t any better. Kassie considered asking her parents more than
once to let her move back home with her grandparents. But again, the idea of being respectful and
grateful kept her quiet.
Boston was a gray city with tall buildings and few trees. There were a few sunny days, and
the air was cold. Kassie missed the open countryside, the tall trees, colourful flowers and blue
skies. Most of all, she missed her friends and grandparents.
1．When did Kassie arrive at Boston railway station
2．What did Kassie see during the ride to her new home
3．Did Kassie feel excited or surprised when she entered the classroom
4．What did the red-haired girl mean by asking “What are you doing ”
5．What was Kassie like in her classmates’ eyes
6．What did Kassie think of her new life in Boston Why (Give at least two reasons.)
【拔高试题】
A
Answer the questions (根据以下内容回答问题).
Hello, Larry,
So glad to hear from you this morning and to hear about the Chinese Lantern Festival. I note
that you saw lots of fireworks IN your flat. I am sure that you meant you saw them FROM your
flat. If they were IN your flat, that would be rather dangerous! Your visit to the Roman Catholic
cathedral was interesting, too.
I believe you have received our New Year greetings twice over! After I wrote the card, I
could not find it. It was gone. . . lost! I did not know where, so I wrote another card. Later I
received a note telling me that you had received both cards. So you were doubly greeted! And, I
hope, doubly blessed!
It was good to know you have been to your parents’ home for the New Year. I trust you
found them well and enjoyed visiting your hometown. You must have been excited to meet your
old friends and neighbours there again.
My brother John has a Chinese friend who he met in London last summer. His name is
Andrew. He works with students in Beijing, and also Chinese students returning to Beijing after
having studied and worked abroad—like you did. He seems a very pleasant fellow who, when I
told him I had a friend recently returning from Scotland, said he would be happy to contact you
if you would like that. He is currently in Taiwan but will be back in Beijing around 15th March
after which, he says, he would be happy to meet up with you. If you would like to meet him, I
will send you his address and/or him yours, but I will do nothing further till I hear from you.
About your question about us, as Christians, eating pork…, yes, we do indeed try to follow
the teaching of the Bible (圣经) as it applies to our daily living. Some rules do not apply to us in
our day though.
The sun is shining brightly today but it is still very cold this morning. There is heavy snow
everywhere. In some places, power cables go wrong, too. The winter conditions are lasting
longer this year than before.
Best wishes!
Sincerely,
Ken
1．Did Larry see the fireworks in his flat or from his flat
2．Why did Ken say Larry was doubly greeted
3．What did Larry do during his New Year holiday
4．Where does Larry live now
5．Write a question Larry asked Ken according to the underlined words. Why did he ask it
6．Do you think Larry will meet up with Andrew Why
B
The train was winding its way. All the other passengers were sleeping soundly, but I didn't
fall asleep on that morning. I wanted to have a look at our West with my own eyes. Looking out of
the window, I couldn't see green for miles. What I saw was ranges of mountains with few or no
trees on them.
At that time I remembered and really understood a famous writer's words. "The West of
China used to be the beginning of Chinese culture. But now it is sleeping." Maybe, we, who live
in the East, have never thought that we will come to the West one day. Maybe, some Easterners
have a sense of superiority, but did they know if it were not for the soiled lands, there would not
have been the richness in the East If it were not for the deep wrinkle（皱纹）on the Westerners'
faces, there would not have been the comfortable life of the handsome boys and pretty girls in the
East. In a way, we can say, the West of China is great!
For tens of hundreds of years, our mother river, the Yellow River has been flowing from the
West to the East, carrying rich food all the way. As a result, the East is getting more and more
beautiful, and the West is becoming poorer and poorer. Now lots of people are entering the West.
Wake up, the West of China! Here is the chance for you to develop yourself.
We are sure that a few years later more and more people will come to the West, to develop
or to visit it. The West of China will become rich and beautiful sooner or later. We are waiting for
that day!
1．Why didn't the writer fall asleep when he took the train
2．What did the writer see on mountains
3．Where wouldn't have been the richness if it weren't for the soiled lands
4．How long has the Yellow River been flowing from the West to the East
5．The West is becoming more and more beautiful, isn't it
6．What can we do for the development of West of China
