阅读理解之说明文-备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀生拔高重难题型特训（广东）

阅读理解之说明文
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点解析
1、逻辑结构与信息整合
复杂逻辑链：说明文常通过因果（due to）、对 比（vs.）、步骤（①→②）等逻辑关系展开，
需理清段落间及句间逻辑（如“现象→原因→解决方案”）。
多维度信息分布：同一主题的信息可能分散在不同段落，需跨段落整合（如环保类文章中“问
题”与“措施”分述）。
2、专业术语与长难句
学科词汇：科技类（如 algorithm 算法）、环保类（如 carbon emission 碳排放）等术语需结
合上下文推测。
嵌套句式：含定语从句、被动语态的长句需拆解主干（如“Devices that use solar energy can
reduce pollution”→“Devices reduce pollution”）。
3、干扰项设计
偷换概念：如将“reduce”改为“eliminate”（减少→消除）。
无中生有：选项包含原文未提及的结论（如“AI will replace teachers”无依据）。
4、主旨与意图推断
隐含目的：需区分客观描述（事实）与主观观点（如“may be”表推测）。
结构特征：首尾段常点明主旨，但部分文章需综合各段核心句提炼。
二、解题步骤与技巧
1、速读定位结构（2 分钟）
标记逻辑信号词：因果（because）、举例（for example）、转折（however），辅助划分段
落层次。
绘制思维导图：用符号标注“总-分”关系（如●→●）、步骤顺序（①→②→③）。
2、精准定位细节（3 分钟）
关键词定位法：锁定题干中的数字（2025）、专有名词（Guangdong）、技术术语（5G）回
原文匹配。
限定词验证：注意选项修饰词（如“main purpose”需关注首尾段，“best describes”需匹配最佳
选项）。
3、逻辑推理与验证（2 分钟）
因果推断：若文中提到“due to climate change”，需关联环境问题的影响。
同义替换验证：正确选项常对原文改写（如“efficient”对应“save time and energy”）。
排除绝对化选项：含“only”“absolutely”的选项多为错误。
4、主旨与意图判断（1 分钟）
首尾段分析法：总结首段引入对象、尾段升华主题的句子（如“...is crucial for sustainable
development”）。
高频词聚焦：重复出现的名词（如“AI”）即为核心说明对象。
三、2025 年命题趋势预测
1、选材方向
本土化科技：聚焦广东创新成果（如粤港澳大湾区智慧城市项目、广深港高铁技术）。
跨学科融合：结合历史（如岭南建筑技艺）、生态（如红树林保护）等场景，考查知识迁移
能力。
社会热点：碳中和（carbon neutrality）、AI 伦理（AI ethics）等话题占比提升。
2、题型创新
非连续性文本：图文结合（如流程图+说明文字）、数据图表（柱状图对比技术参数）。
开放性设问：如“如何将文中技术应用于校园？”需结合实际提出建议。
3、高频考点分布
细节理解（45%）：数据、步骤、特征等直接信息。
推理判断（30%）：隐含因果、作者意图（如呼吁环保行动）。
主旨与结构（20%）：段落大意、文章目的。
词义猜测（5%）：通过上下文或构词法（如 un-表否定）推测生词。
四、备考策略
1、高频主题词汇积累
分类记忆：按领域整理术语（科技类：innovation, prototype；环保类：recyclable, degradation）。
真题复盘：精析近三年广东真题，标注术语及逻辑词（如“however”表转折）。
2、逻辑思维专项训练
逻辑链拆解：每日拆解 1 篇说明文，用箭头标注因果（如“污染→健康问题→政策出台”）。
长难句分析：每日精析 3 句含定语从句或被动语态的句子，提炼主干。
3、真题模拟与技巧强化
限时训练：每周完成 3 篇广东模拟题，严格计时（8 分钟/篇），强化速度与准确率。
错题归因：按“逻辑误判”“术语生疏”“干扰项陷阱”分类总结，针对性突破。
4、本土化素材拓展
广东案例积累：如“港珠澳大桥建造技术”“粤剧文化数字化保护”，积累相关英文表达。
跨学科阅读：阅读《广东科技报》等刊物，熟悉科技与人文结合的文本。
五、总结
2025 年广东中考英语说明文将延续“逻辑严谨、题材前沿”的特点，考生需以结构分析为基
础，以术语积累为支撑，以逻辑推理为核心，结合本土化热点与跨学科内容，通过“速读定
位→细节比对→逻辑验证→主旨升华”四步法，精准攻克细节题、推理题及主旨题。备考中
需强化非连续性文本训练，关注科技与环保领域动态，最终实现高效提分。
【基础试题】
A
The Internet is becoming more and more important in our daily life. On the Internet, we can
read news, plan holidays, pay bills, make friends and so on. But for some people, once they are on
the Internet, they just can’t stop.
It is reported that 51% of the men and 42% of the women think the Internet is one reason
why they’re not getting enough sleep! Because they have the online experience, 68% of the
Internet addicts (上瘾的人) say they have less time to stay with their family or visit their friends
face to face than before.
Some students also have Internet addiction. These students often stay away from school and
home, throw their homework away, just play games in the Internet bars. They spend a lot of
money on the Internet. As a result, they have got poor grades in their study.
How can we avoid getting addicted to the Internet Here are some tips: First, use the
Internet mainly for schoolwork and keep to a proper time. Second, go out with your friends or
family often and don’t always sit in front of the computer. Third, try to do some sports or read
interesting books instead of spending too much time online.
1．On the Internet, we can do many things except ________.
A．reading news B．planning holidays C．making money D．making friends
2．________ think the Internet is one reason why they’re not getting enough sleep.
A．51% of the men and 42% of the women B．68% of the Internet addicts
C．Some students D．All the people
3．The students with Internet addiction often ________.
A．do their homework well B．get good grades in their study
C．stay at home and study hard D．stay away from school and home
4．Which of the following is NOT a tip to avoid Internet addiction
A．Use the Internet mainly for schoolwork. B．Go out with friends or family often.
C．Try to do some sports. D．Spend much time on the Internet.
5．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．The Internet is becoming more and more important.
B．Many people get addicted to the Internet.
C．The Internet addiction and how to avoid it.
D．Some students have Internet addiction.
B
Everywhere an elephant goes, it carries a powerful tool-its trunk. An elephant’s trunk has
more muscles (肌肉) in it than you have in your entire body. And the trunk has many different
uses.
A trunk is a…
Nose: An elephant breathes through its trunk and mouth. A trunk has two nostrils, just as
your nose does. But the elephant’s sense of smell is better than yours.
Trumpet: Elephants can use their trunks to make special loud sounds called trumpets.
Trumpeting usually means that an elephant is excited.
Hand: Elephants use their trunks to pick up food and put it into their mouths. Their trunks
are strong enough to pull small trees out of the ground. They can also use the tips of their trunks to
pick up objects as small as grass.
Drinking straw: Elephants draw in water through their trunks, then squirt (喷射) the water
into their mouths. An adult elephant’s trunk can hold almost 2L of water at most.
Snorkel: Elephants are great swimmers. While an elephant paddles (划桨) with four feet, it
sticks its trunk into the air so that it can breathe.
Shower: Elephants use their trunks to squirt water over their bodies. This helps them to
keep clean and cool.
Shovel: When water is hard to find, an elephant can dig into the ground with its
trunk to find water below the surface.
▲: Sometimes elephants play with one another by dragging and wrestling (摔跤) with their
trunks. At other times, a mother elephant wraps (围绕) her trunk around her baby, just as your
mom or dad gives you a hug.
1．When the elephant pulls a car out of the mud, what does its trunk act as
A．Nose. B．Trumpet. C．Hand. D．Drinking straw.
2．Why does the writer compare an elephant’s trunk to a “snorkel” in the text
A．To describe its skill in catching fish.
B．To show its ability to swim in deep water.
C．To explain how it breathes while swimming.
D．To prove elephants can survive without water.
3．Which is the proper word in ▲
A．Arm. B．Body. C．Ear. D．Leg.
4．If an elephant lost the use of its trunk, which activity would be MOST influenced
A．Seeing enemies in the dark. B．Hearing sounds from far away.
C．Walking on rocky and hard ground. D．Eating, drinking and communicating.
5．What is the writer’s main purpose in listing so many uses of the elephant’s trunk
A．To stress its importance for survival.
B．To ask human beings to protect nature.
C．To compare elephants with other animals.
D．To explain why elephants are endangered.
C
Wang Qingchun, a 64-year-old retiree (退休人员) from Changsha, had long suffered the
hot summers in her home town. Tired of the heat, she decided to move to the cool cities in the
south or the villages in the north.
Finally, in early July, Wang chose an old people’s flat in Qujing, a city in the southwest of
China. The flat provided free meals. She didn’t have to cook on her own. This saved her a lot of
trouble. Besides, the film room and the music room there made her life much more interesting.
Most importantly, the weather in Qujing was so comfortable. Wang even joked that she didn’t
need an air-conditioner (空调) any more.
Retirees like Wang are called “elderly migratory birds”. Just like migratory birds, they
move to different places in different seasons to enjoy a better environment. Now, more and more
elderly people are choosing this new way of life.
A recent study shows what makes retirees choose to be “elderly migratory birds”. The
beautiful sights of a place are the top reason. Then come pleasant climate and convenient
transport. Good medical care seems much less important. This is because many new retirees are
still in good condition. They are active and lively to travel pared with the retirees in
the old days, now elderly people can enjoy richer retirement life with enough money and good
health. It’s a wonderful change, letting them go to new places and have fun experiences after years
of hard work.
However, even with enjoyable seasonal retirement life, these “elderly migratory birds” still
need young people’s care. As Wang said, “I have everything here, but I miss my granddaughter.
She’s too busy. It would be so much better if she could call me more often.”
1．Where did Wang Qingchun go in July
A．In Southwest China. B．In Southeast China.
C．In Northwest China. D．In Northeast China.
2．What kind of people are “elderly migratory birds”
A．Retirees who love migratory birds. B．Retirees who travel for a better life.
C．Retirees who live in old people’s flats. D．Retirees who enjoy life in home towns.
3．Which of the following shows the result of the study
A． B．
C． D．
4．What does “migratory” mean
A．离开的 B．移除的 C．流浪的 D．迁徙的
5．What can be the best title of the text
A．Qujing Sees More Elderly Tourists
B．Elderly People Hope for Better Health
C．A New Way of Life for Retirees Gets Popular
D．Chinese Retirees Need Young People's Care
【提升试题】
A
Do you know the sun’s warmth is a kind of useful energy Want to try using it yourself
Let’s do a cool project-making a solar tower (太阳能塔)!
You can try this project at home. You just need some tapes, a pin (别针), paper, three cans
and two big thick books.
Now, we’re going to build the solar tower. First, make a pinwheel (纸风车) with a piece of
square paper. In the second stage, cut off the tops and bottoms of the cans, place the cans on top of
each other and stick them together. Next, use a pin to connect the pinwheel with the tower.
Finally, put the can tower on top of the books, which are 5 cm apart from each other. So there’s a
gap (间隔) at the bottom, allowing the air to enter the tower.
Now, all we have to do is to set the whole thing near a window, where there’s direct
sunlight. When the sun shines on the tower, it gets hot and warms the air in it. The warmer air
moves upward through the tower and makes the pinwheel turn around as it passes by. Then cooler
air comes in through the gap from the bottom of the tower, gets heated up, and rises, so the cycle
goes on. This is how it works. How amazing!
So next time you feel the warm sun on your face, remember that it’s more than just a nice
feeling—sunlight is a powerful and useful source of energy.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic
A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions.
C．By stating opinions. D．By giving examples.
2．Which step comes FIRST in building the solar tower
A．Connect the pinwheel to the tower. B．Make a pinwheel with paper.
C．Stick the cans together. D．Place the tower on books.
3．Why do we leave a gap between the two books
A．To stop the tower from falling off. B．To stop the books from heating up.
C．To make the air get into the tower. D．To make the air get out of the tower.
4．How does the air travel through the tower ( for warm air; for cold air.)
A． B． C． D．
5．Which is the correct order of the passage structure
A．①Introduction→ ②Steps→③Materials→④ Principle (原理)→⑤Conclusion
B．①Principle→②Materials→③Steps→④Conclusion→⑤Introduction
C．①Introduction→②Materials→③Steps→④Principle→⑤Conclusion
D．①Materials→②Introduction→③Steps→④Conclusion→⑤Principle
B
Do you wear glasses If yes, would you like to have surgery (手术) so you don’t need to
wear them anymore Many believe that surgery can fix the problem forever, but that’s not always
the case.
Most people wear glasses because of nearsightedness (近视). When we see things, light
comes into our eyes and focuses on the retina (视网膜). But for people with nearsightedness, in
their eyes, light focuses in front of the retina. This makes things far away seem blurry but close
things seem clear.
Surgery can treat this. Xu Jiayi, a 19-year-old student from Beijing, had the surgery five
months ago during the winter vacation. “After the surgery, I can see very clearly. Life is more
convenient without having to wear eyeglasses,” said Xu.
However, the process is not as easy as you might think. Xu said that her eyes hurt badly
right after the surgery. Also, she needed to use medicine for at least three months. “At first, there
were four types of medicines, then the number became six,” she said. These medicines help the
eye heal (康复) and prevent eye problems.
Moreover, if you don’t look after your eye health well, nearsightedness may return even
after surgery. “Because I use my eyes too much both at work and at home, things have started to
look blurry to me again,” said Du Anni, 32, who had the surgery nine years ago.
Instead of fixing nearsightedness, “the surgery just lets you ‘take off your glasses’,” said
Wei Wenbin from the Beijing Tongren Hospital in a speech in July. He said that the surgery doesn’
t fix the changes in the eye’s structure.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic in the first paragraph
A．By giving the example. B．By making the comparison.
C．By asking questions. D．By telling the stories.
2．Why do people with nearsightedness can’t see things clearly far away
A．Because the light can’t get into the eyes.
B．Because the light focuses in front of the retina.
C．Because the light doesn’t focus on the retina.
D．Because the light focuses at the back of the retina.
3．What happens to Xu Jiayi after the surgery
A．Her eyes don’t hurt any more after the surgery.
B．She has to use four kinds of medicine for two months.
C．Her eyes’ structure has changed a lot after the surgery.
D．Her life becomes convenient without wearing eyeglasses.
4．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．Nearsightedness may return if we don’t take care of our eyes.
B．The surgery can fix the changes in the eye’s structure completely.
C．As long as you have the right surgery, nearsightedness won’t come back.
D．The surgery just lets you take off glasses but you still can’t see things clearly.
5．What would be the best title for this passage
A．Surgery Does Harm to Eyes. B．Are Eyesight Problems Solved
C．Medicines Heal Nearsightedness. D．Nearsightedness Is Common for Teenagers.
C
For more than a month, the world has been very excited about a new AI model called
DeepSeek-R1. The company behind it, also called DeepSeek, is a business based in Hangzhou,
Zhejiang.
The new AI first appeared on January 20th. In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT
and became number one free application (应用) in the App Store. What is so special about it
According to DeepSeek, the new AI model is as good at difficult activities like math as
other big-time models. But it needs much less computing power (算力) to do that. It is also the
cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57 million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to make.
That is way less than the hundreds of millions or even billions that US businesses have to spend
on making similar AI models, said Marc Andreessen, a technology expert in the US.
The achievement was largely due to an idea the scientist had while they trained it. Instead
of using the traditional ways, DeepSeek mainly uses Reinforcement Learning (RL, 强化学习). It
helps AI learn by working out the right way to do things on its own to get points. This makes R1
better at reasoning and solving hard problems.
What’s more, DeepSeek-R1 is open-source (开源的). Everyone is free to get a copy of its
code (代码). They can also change the code to meet their own needs. Being open-source is very
important for sharing knowledge and making technology better for everyone, said Liang Wenfeng,
who set up DeepSeek.
1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．DeepSeek-R1. B．OpenAI. C．ChatGPT. D．App Store.
2．What is one of the strong points of DeepSeek-R1 compared to other AI models
A．It’s cheaper to develop. B．It’s smarter than others.
C．It’s better at difficult activities. D．It’s quicker in solving problems.
3．How does DeepSeek-R1 learn
A．In a traditional way.
B．Through solving hard problems.
C．By finding the right way to do things independently.
D．By following all kinds of orders from its creators.
4．Why is it important that DeepSeek-R1 is open-source
A．It makes AI safer. B．It creates new knowledge.
C．It makes AI cheaper. D．It makes the use of AI wider.
5．What is the theme of the passage
A．The importance of open-source code. B．The challenges faced by DeepSeek-R1.
C．The differences between AI models. D．The introduction to DeepSeek-R1.
【拔高试题】
A
A computer program that could help catch and ever translates messages from aliens in outer
space has been started by a British scientist.
If aliens are discovered one day, scientists fear their language may make it impossible to
understand them. But John Elliott of Metropolitan University in Britain has come up with a
program that can figure out the structure (结构) of their language. He thinks that’s the first step in
understanding what they are saying.
Dr. Elliott’s program would compare an alien language to a database (数 据 库 ) of 60
different languages in the world to look for a similar structure. He believes that even an alien
language will have its own structure. Language has to be structured in a certain way, or it will be
harder to use. He told New Scientist magazine.
Research had shown that it is possible to know if a signal (信号) carries a language rather
than a picture or music. Dr. Elliott has gone a step further by finding a way to pick out what might
be words and sentences. Because languages have different word orders, Dr. Elliott has set up a
library of the sentence structures of 60 human languages.
If a message is received from outer space, it could be compared against this database.
Scientist would then be able to see if it’s similar to any human language, or a mix of the language.
However, Dr. Elliott also said that in order to translate what the aliens are actually saying, it
may still be necessary to have a code book.
1．Why did Dr. Elliott come up with the program
A．To learn more about outer space. B．To develop a new language.
C．To help translate the messages for aliens.D．To compare an alien language to human
languages.
2．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us
A．A way to identify different languages has been found.
B．Dr. Elliott’s findings about different kinds of languages.
C．Three important functions of the program.
D．The number of sentence structures of human languages.
3．How does the program work when it receives a message from aliens
A．Mix the message with 60 human languages.
B．Translate the message and send it to the database.
C．Pick out the sentence structure and translate it.
D．Compare the message to the database of 60 human languages.
4．What can we infer from the story
A．Not all languages have their own structure.
B．The structure of alien languages is similar to that of human languages.
C．To translate alien languages, there is much work to do.
D．Alien languages are signals carrying pictures and music.
5．Which part of magazine will you read this passage
A．Science B．Nature C．Person D．Amusement
B
With the development of science and technology, e-book reading is becoming popular with
people of all ages. It seems more convenient because you could see people read on their mobile
phones almost everywhere. However, not everybody loves reading e-books. Some preter
traditional printed books which are known as p-books. A survey was made among 110 students
aged between 14 and 18. In the survey, the students were asked which kind they liked better. The
answers are not surprising. Twenty-one percent of them prefer e-book reading and thirty-seventy
percent mainly read printed books. What about the others They said they liked both. As for the
questions how many books they had and what books they read, the diagrams below show the
survey results.
How many p-books/e-books do you have
Numbers of the
students
Diagram I
Diagram
Ⅱ
E-books opened another door to the world of reading, but printed books also have the
advantages which are much loved till now. Both of them bring us the pleasure of reading. What
we should do is to enjoy it no matter which way we choose.
1．The survey is mainly about ________.
A．two ways of reading B．reading competitions
C．the popularity of reading D．wonderful places to read
2．According to Diagram I, the number of the students with ________ is the largest of all.
A．one to ten p-books B．one to ten e-books
C．eleven to fifty p-books D．eleven to fifty e-books
3．According to Diagram 1, novels are less popular than ________ among the p-book lovers.
A．news B．professional books C．science books D．classics
4．E-book readers ________ according to the passage.
A．don’t read printed books
B．are 14-year-old teenagers
C．are seen to read nearly everywhere
D．like professional books better than classics
5．From the passage, we can know ________.
A．one of the 110 teenagers doesn’t own e-books
B．there are five kinds of books for people to read
C．people think printed books are more convenient to read
D．e-books will take the place of printed books in the future
C
The Four Gentlemen in Chinese culture refers to four plants: the mume blossom, the orchid,
the bamboo, and the chrysanthemum.
The term compares the four plants to junzi, or “gentlemen”. They have been shown in
Chinese poems and paintings for more than a thousand years. The four gentlemen are symbols of
traditional Chinese virtues, such as honesty, goodness and so on.
The mume blossoms bloom (绽放) on cold winter days, displaying beauty in the cold wind.
They are regarded as the symbols of inner beauty and iron will under terrible conditions.
The orchid stands for the spring. Although easily broken in form, the orchid is regarded as a
symbol of not caring about glory and wealth. Like the mume blossom, its fragrance (香气) is
never overpowering, symbolizing humility (谦虚) and nobility (高贵).
The center of the bamboo is empty, which symbolizes standing straight and
open-mindedness. Furthermore, it never breaks in storms, teaching people to never give up.
The chrysanthemum blooms in the cold autumn air and foretells the coming of winter. It’s a
beautiful flower that blooms in autumn when other flowers disappear. Although the weather is
cold, nothing can stop its brave growth. And that’s why it was the favorite flower of Tao
Yuanming, a famous poet from the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Two poems to enjoy:
(Poem I ) (Poem II )
Mume Blossoms Bamboo in the Rock
By Wang AnshiAt the wall corner By Zheng XieUpright stands the bamboo amid green
mume trees grow; mountains steep (陡峭的),
Against the cold they bloom apart. Its toothlike root in broken rock is planted deep.
How could we know they are not It’s strong and firm though struck and beaten without
snow rest,
For fragrance unseen they impart. Careless of the wind from north or south; east or west.
(Translated by XuYuanchong) (Translated by XuYuanchong)
1．What does the underlined word “virtues” mean
A．Good looks. B．Special skills. C．Historic artworks. D．Excellent qualities.
2．What do mume blossoms and orchids have in common
A．Iron will. B．Light fragrance.
C．Braving the cold. D．Chasing glory and wealth.
3．Why does Tao Yuanming like the chrysanthemum best
A．Because of the spirit of its honesty.
B．Because of the beauty of blooming flowers.
C．Because it can grow bravely in cold weather.
D．Because other flowers can’t bloom in autumn.
4．Which sentence can reflect the spirit of Poem Ⅱ
A．A tree can’t make a forest.
B．What doesn’t beat you makes you stronger.
C．Knowing yourself is the beginning of all wisdom.
D．If you want to go fast, go alone, if you want to go far, go together.
5．What can we know from the text
A．The mume blossoms look similar to snow in winter.
B．The orchid is regarded as the symbol of inner beauty.
C．The blooming of chrysanthemum means the arrival of autumn.
D．The two famous Chinese poems are translated by different men.阅读理解之说明文
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点解析
1、逻辑结构与信息整合
复杂逻辑链：说明文常通过因果（due to）、对 比（vs.）、步骤（①→②）等逻辑关系展开，
需理清段落间及句间逻辑（如“现象→原因→解决方案”）。
多维度信息分布：同一主题的信息可能分散在不同段落，需跨段落整合（如环保类文章中“问
题”与“措施”分述）。
2、专业术语与长难句
学科词汇：科技类（如 algorithm 算法）、环保类（如 carbon emission 碳排放）等术语需结
合上下文推测。
嵌套句式：含定语从句、被动语态的长句需拆解主干（如“Devices that use solar energy can
reduce pollution”→“Devices reduce pollution”）。
3、干扰项设计
偷换概念：如将“reduce”改为“eliminate”（减少→消除）。
无中生有：选项包含原文未提及的结论（如“AI will replace teachers”无依据）。
4、主旨与意图推断
隐含目的：需区分客观描述（事实）与主观观点（如“may be”表推测）。
结构特征：首尾段常点明主旨，但部分文章需综合各段核心句提炼。
二、解题步骤与技巧
1、速读定位结构（2 分钟）
标记逻辑信号词：因果（because）、举例（for example）、转折（however），辅助划分段
落层次。
绘制思维导图：用符号标注“总-分”关系（如●→●）、步骤顺序（①→②→③）。
2、精准定位细节（3 分钟）
关键词定位法：锁定题干中的数字（2025）、专有名词（Guangdong）、技术术语（5G）回
原文匹配。
限定词验证：注意选项修饰词（如“main purpose”需关注首尾段，“best describes”需匹配最佳
选项）。
3、逻辑推理与验证（2 分钟）
因果推断：若文中提到“due to climate change”，需关联环境问题的影响。
同义替换验证：正确选项常对原文改写（如“efficient”对应“save time and energy”）。
排除绝对化选项：含“only”“absolutely”的选项多为错误。
4、主旨与意图判断（1 分钟）
首尾段分析法：总结首段引入对象、尾段升华主题的句子（如“...is crucial for sustainable
development”）。
高频词聚焦：重复出现的名词（如“AI”）即为核心说明对象。
三、2025 年命题趋势预测
1、选材方向
本土化科技：聚焦广东创新成果（如粤港澳大湾区智慧城市项目、广深港高铁技术）。
跨学科融合：结合历史（如岭南建筑技艺）、生态（如红树林保护）等场景，考查知识迁移
能力。
社会热点：碳中和（carbon neutrality）、AI 伦理（AI ethics）等话题占比提升。
2、题型创新
非连续性文本：图文结合（如流程图+说明文字）、数据图表（柱状图对比技术参数）。
开放性设问：如“如何将文中技术应用于校园？”需结合实际提出建议。
3、高频考点分布
细节理解（45%）：数据、步骤、特征等直接信息。
推理判断（30%）：隐含因果、作者意图（如呼吁环保行动）。
主旨与结构（20%）：段落大意、文章目的。
词义猜测（5%）：通过上下文或构词法（如 un-表否定）推测生词。
四、备考策略
1、高频主题词汇积累
分类记忆：按领域整理术语（科技类：innovation, prototype；环保类：recyclable, degradation）。
真题复盘：精析近三年广东真题，标注术语及逻辑词（如“however”表转折）。
2、逻辑思维专项训练
逻辑链拆解：每日拆解 1 篇说明文，用箭头标注因果（如“污染→健康问题→政策出台”）。
长难句分析：每日精析 3 句含定语从句或被动语态的句子，提炼主干。
3、真题模拟与技巧强化
限时训练：每周完成 3 篇广东模拟题，严格计时（8 分钟/篇），强化速度与准确率。
错题归因：按“逻辑误判”“术语生疏”“干扰项陷阱”分类总结，针对性突破。
4、本土化素材拓展
广东案例积累：如“港珠澳大桥建造技术”“粤剧文化数字化保护”，积累相关英文表达。
跨学科阅读：阅读《广东科技报》等刊物，熟悉科技与人文结合的文本。
五、总结
2025 年广东中考英语说明文将延续“逻辑严谨、题材前沿”的特点，考生需以结构分析为基
础，以术语积累为支撑，以逻辑推理为核心，结合本土化热点与跨学科内容，通过“速读定
位→细节比对→逻辑验证→主旨升华”四步法，精准攻克细节题、推理题及主旨题。备考中
需强化非连续性文本训练，关注科技与环保领域动态，最终实现高效提分。
【基础试题】
A
The Internet is becoming more and more important in our daily life. On the Internet, we can
read news, plan holidays, pay bills, make friends and so on. But for some people, once they are on
the Internet, they just can’t stop.
It is reported that 51% of the men and 42% of the women think the Internet is one reason
why they’re not getting enough sleep! Because they have the online experience, 68% of the
Internet addicts (上瘾的人) say they have less time to stay with their family or visit their friends
face to face than before.
Some students also have Internet addiction. These students often stay away from school and
home, throw their homework away, just play games in the Internet bars. They spend a lot of
money on the Internet. As a result, they have got poor grades in their study.
How can we avoid getting addicted to the Internet Here are some tips: First, use the
Internet mainly for schoolwork and keep to a proper time. Second, go out with your friends or
family often and don’t always sit in front of the computer. Third, try to do some sports or read
interesting books instead of spending too much time online.
1．On the Internet, we can do many things except ________.
A．reading news B．planning holidays C．making money D．making friends
2．________ think the Internet is one reason why they’re not getting enough sleep.
A．51% of the men and 42% of the women B．68% of the Internet addicts
C．Some students D．All the people
3．The students with Internet addiction often ________.
A．do their homework well B．get good grades in their study
C．stay at home and study hard D．stay away from school and home
4．Which of the following is NOT a tip to avoid Internet addiction
A．Use the Internet mainly for schoolwork. B．Go out with friends or family often.
C．Try to do some sports. D．Spend much time on the Internet.
5．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．The Internet is becoming more and more important.
B．Many people get addicted to the Internet.
C．The Internet addiction and how to avoid it.
D．Some students have Internet addiction.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．C
【难度】0.85
【知识点】青少年问题、方法/策略、说明文
【导语】本文主要介绍了网瘾问题和避免网瘾的建议。
1．细节理解题。根据“On the Internet, we can read news, plan holidays, pay bills, make friends
and so on.”可知，在互联网上，我们可以阅读新闻、计划假期、支付账单、交朋友等等。故
选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据“It is reported that 51% of the men and 42% of the women think the Internet
is one reason why they’re not getting enough sleep!”可知，据报道，有 51%的男性和 42%的女
性认为互联网是他们睡眠不足的原因之一！故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据“These students often stay away from school and home, throw their
homework away,”可知，有网瘾的学生经常逃学，不回家，把作业扔在一边。故选 D。
4．细节理解题。根据“First, use the Internet mainly for schoolwork and keep to a proper time.
Second, go out with your friends or family often and don’t always sit in front of the computer.
Third, try to do some sports or read interesting books instead of spending too much time online.”
可知，避免网瘾的建议不包括在网上花很多时间，故选 D。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章先讲了网瘾问题，又给出了避免网瘾的建议，选项 C“网
络成瘾及其避免方法。”符合，故选 C。
B
Everywhere an elephant goes, it carries a powerful tool-its trunk. An elephant’s trunk has
more muscles (肌肉) in it than you have in your entire body. And the trunk has many different
uses.
A trunk is a…
Nose: An elephant breathes through its trunk and mouth. A trunk has two nostrils, just as
your nose does. But the elephant’s sense of smell is better than yours.
Trumpet: Elephants can use their trunks to make special loud sounds called trumpets.
Trumpeting usually means that an elephant is excited.
Hand: Elephants use their trunks to pick up food and put it into their mouths. Their trunks
are strong enough to pull small trees out of the ground. They can also use the tips of their trunks to
pick up objects as small as grass.
Drinking straw: Elephants draw in water through their trunks, then squirt (喷射) the water
into their mouths. An adult elephant’s trunk can hold almost 2L of water at most.
Snorkel: Elephants are great swimmers. While an elephant paddles (划桨) with four feet, it
sticks its trunk into the air so that it can breathe.
Shower: Elephants use their trunks to squirt water over their bodies. This helps them to
keep clean and cool.
Shovel: When water is hard to find, an elephant can dig into the ground with its
trunk to find water below the surface.
▲: Sometimes elephants play with one another by dragging and wrestling (摔跤) with their
trunks. At other times, a mother elephant wraps (围绕) her trunk around her baby, just as your
mom or dad gives you a hug.
1．When the elephant pulls a car out of the mud, what does its trunk act as
A．Nose. B．Trumpet. C．Hand. D．Drinking straw.
2．Why does the writer compare an elephant’s trunk to a “snorkel” in the text
A．To describe its skill in catching fish.
B．To show its ability to swim in deep water.
C．To explain how it breathes while swimming.
D．To prove elephants can survive without water.
3．Which is the proper word in ▲
A．Arm. B．Body. C．Ear. D．Leg.
4．If an elephant lost the use of its trunk, which activity would be MOST influenced
A．Seeing enemies in the dark. B．Hearing sounds from far away.
C．Walking on rocky and hard ground. D．Eating, drinking and communicating.
5．What is the writer’s main purpose in listing so many uses of the elephant’s trunk
A．To stress its importance for survival.
B．To ask human beings to protect nature.
C．To compare elephants with other animals.
D．To explain why elephants are endangered.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A
【难度】0.85
【知识点】说明文、科普知识、常见动物
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，详细介绍了大象鼻子的多种用途，包括呼吸、发声、抓取物品、
饮水、游泳呼吸、洗澡、挖地以及情感交流等，突出了大象鼻子在其生存中的重要性。
1．细节理解题。根据题干“When the elephant pulls a car out of the mud, what does its trunk act
as ”以及文章第三段“Hand: Elephants use their trunks to pick up food and put it into their
mouths. Their trunks are strong enough to pull small trees out of the ground.”可知，大象用鼻子来
抓取和提起物体，因此当大象从泥中拉车时，它的鼻子起的是“手”的作用。故选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据题干“Why does the writer compare an elephant’s trunk to a ‘snorkel’ in the
text ”以及文章第六段“Snorkel: Elephants are great swimmers. While an elephant paddles with
four feet, it sticks its trunk into the air so that it can breathe.”可知，作者将大象的鼻子比作“呼吸
管”是为了解释大象在游泳时是如何呼吸的。故选 C。
3．推理判断题。根据题干“Which is the proper word in ▲ ”以及文章最后一段“Sometimes
elephants play with one another by dragging and wrestling with their trunks. At other times, a
mother elephant wraps her trunk around her baby, just as your mom or dad gives you a hug.”可
知，此处描述的是大象用鼻子进行情感交流的行为，如玩耍和拥抱，这与“手臂”的功能相似，
因此最适合填入的词是“Arm”。故选 A。
4．细节理解题。根据题干“If an elephant lost the use of its trunk, which activity would be MOST
influenced ”以及文章内容可知，大象的鼻子在进食、饮水、发声（交流）等方面都起着至
关重要的作用。因此，如果大象失去了鼻子的使用功能，这些活动将受到最大影响。故选 D。
5．主旨大意题。根据题干“What is the writer’s main purpose in listing so many uses of the
elephant’s trunk ”以及文章内容可知，作者列举大象鼻子的多种用途，主要是为了强调鼻子
对于大象生存的重要性。故选 A。
C
Wang Qingchun, a 64-year-old retiree (退休人员) from Changsha, had long suffered the
hot summers in her home town. Tired of the heat, she decided to move to the cool cities in the
south or the villages in the north.
Finally, in early July, Wang chose an old people’s flat in Qujing, a city in the southwest of
China. The flat provided free meals. She didn’t have to cook on her own. This saved her a lot of
trouble. Besides, the film room and the music room there made her life much more interesting.
Most importantly, the weather in Qujing was so comfortable. Wang even joked that she didn’t
need an air-conditioner (空调) any more.
Retirees like Wang are called “elderly migratory birds”. Just like migratory birds, they
move to different places in different seasons to enjoy a better environment. Now, more and more
elderly people are choosing this new way of life.
A recent study shows what makes retirees choose to be “elderly migratory birds”. The
beautiful sights of a place are the top reason. Then come pleasant climate and convenient
transport. Good medical care seems much less important. This is because many new retirees are
still in good condition. They are active and lively to travel pared with the retirees in
the old days, now elderly people can enjoy richer retirement life with enough money and good
health. It’s a wonderful change, letting them go to new places and have fun experiences after years
of hard work.
However, even with enjoyable seasonal retirement life, these “elderly migratory birds” still
need young people’s care. As Wang said, “I have everything here, but I miss my granddaughter.
She’s too busy. It would be so much better if she could call me more often.”
1．Where did Wang Qingchun go in July
A．In Southwest China. B．In Southeast China.
C．In Northwest China. D．In Northeast China.
2．What kind of people are “elderly migratory birds”
A．Retirees who love migratory birds. B．Retirees who travel for a better life.
C．Retirees who live in old people’s flats. D．Retirees who enjoy life in home towns.
3．Which of the following shows the result of the study
A． B．
C． D．
4．What does “migratory” mean
A．离开的 B．移除的 C．流浪的 D．迁徙的
5．What can be the best title of the text
A．Qujing Sees More Elderly Tourists
B．Elderly People Hope for Better Health
C．A New Way of Life for Retirees Gets Popular
D．Chinese Retirees Need Young People's Care
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C
【难度】0.85
【知识点】说明文、其他人、旅行
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了越来越多的退休人员选择像候鸟一样在不同季节迁
移到不同的地方，以享受更好的生活环境。
1．细节理解题。根据“Finally, in early July, Wang chose an old people’s flat in Qujing, a city in
the southwest of China.”可知，王选择了曲靖的一套老人公寓，曲靖是中国西南部的一个城市。
故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Retirees like Wang are called “elderly migratory birds”. Just like migratory
birds, they move to different places in different seasons to enjoy a better environment.”可知，就像
候鸟一样，他们在不同的季节搬到不同的地方去享受更好的环境。故选 B。
3．推理判断题。根据“A recent study shows what makes retirees choose to be ‘elderly migratory
birds’. The beautiful sights of a place are the top reason. Then come pleasant climate and
convenient transport. Good medical care seems much less important.”可知，使退休人员选择成为
“老年候鸟”的首要原因是一个地方美丽的风景，其次是宜人的气候和便利的交通，良好的医
疗护理显得没那么重要。A 选项的图表符合这一研究结果，故选 A。
4．词义猜测题。根据“Just like migratory birds, they move to different places in different seasons
to enjoy a better environment.”，把这些退休人员比作候鸟，候鸟会在不同季节迁徙到不同地
方，这些退休人员也是在不同季节搬到不同地方，所以可以推测“migratory”意思是“迁徙的”，
故选 D。
5．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了像王青春这样的退休人员被称为“老年候鸟”，他们在不同
季节搬到不同地方享受更好的环境，现在越来越多的老年人选择这种新的生活方式。所以文
章主要讲的是一种退休人员的新生活方式变得流行起来，“A New Way of Life for Retirees
Gets Popular”作为标题最合适，故选 C。
【提升试题】
A
Do you know the sun’s warmth is a kind of useful energy Want to try using it yourself
Let’s do a cool project-making a solar tower (太阳能塔)!
You can try this project at home. You just need some tapes, a pin (别针), paper, three cans
and two big thick books.
Now, we’re going to build the solar tower. First, make a pinwheel (纸风车) with a piece of
square paper. In the second stage, cut off the tops and bottoms of the cans, place the cans on top of
each other and stick them together. Next, use a pin to connect the pinwheel with the tower.
Finally, put the can tower on top of the books, which are 5 cm apart from each other. So there’s a
gap (间隔) at the bottom, allowing the air to enter the tower.
Now, all we have to do is to set the whole thing near a window, where there’s direct
sunlight. When the sun shines on the tower, it gets hot and warms the air in it. The warmer air
moves upward through the tower and makes the pinwheel turn around as it passes by. Then cooler
air comes in through the gap from the bottom of the tower, gets heated up, and rises, so the cycle
goes on. This is how it works. How amazing!
So next time you feel the warm sun on your face, remember that it’s more than just a nice
feeling—sunlight is a powerful and useful source of energy.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic
A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions.
C．By stating opinions. D．By giving examples.
2．Which step comes FIRST in building the solar tower
A．Connect the pinwheel to the tower. B．Make a pinwheel with paper.
C．Stick the cans together. D．Place the tower on books.
3．Why do we leave a gap between the two books
A．To stop the tower from falling off. B．To stop the books from heating up.
C．To make the air get into the tower. D．To make the air get out of the tower.
4．How does the air travel through the tower ( for warm air; for cold air.)
A． B． C． D．
5．Which is the correct order of the passage structure
A．①Introduction→ ②Steps→③Materials→④ Principle (原理)→⑤Conclusion
B．①Principle→②Materials→③Steps→④Conclusion→⑤Introduction
C．①Introduction→②Materials→③Steps→④Principle→⑤Conclusion
D．①Materials→②Introduction→③Steps→④Conclusion→⑤Principle
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】科普知识、说明文
【导语】本文主要介绍如何做一个太阳能塔。
1．细节理解题。根据“Do you know the sun’s warmth is a kind of useful energy Want to try using
it yourself ”可知作者通过一个问题引出话题。故选 B。
2．细节理解题。根据“First, make a pinwheel (纸风车) with a piece of square paper.”可知第一
步是用一张方纸做一个风车。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据“So there’s a gap (间隔) at the bottom, allowing the air to enter the tower.”
可知底部有一个间隙，允许空气进入塔内。故选 C。
4．推理判断题。根据“When the sun shines on the tower, it gets hot and warms the air in it. The
warmer air moves upward through the tower and makes the pinwheel turn around as it passes by.
Then cooler air comes in through the gap from the bottom of the tower, gets heated up, and rises,
so the cycle goes on. This is how it works”可知，当太阳照在塔上时，它变热，使塔内的空气
变暖。温暖的空气通过塔向上移动，使风车在经过时转动。然后较冷的空气从塔底部的缝隙
进入，被加热，上升，这样循环下去。这就是它的工作原理。结合选项图片，故选 A。
5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是介绍；第二段介绍了做太阳能塔需要的材料；第
三段介绍了步骤；第四段介绍了原理；第五段进行总结。故选项 C 符合。故选 C。
B
Do you wear glasses If yes, would you like to have surgery (手术) so you don’t need to
wear them anymore Many believe that surgery can fix the problem forever, but that’s not always
the case.
Most people wear glasses because of nearsightedness (近视). When we see things, light
comes into our eyes and focuses on the retina (视网膜). But for people with nearsightedness, in
their eyes, light focuses in front of the retina. This makes things far away seem blurry but close
things seem clear.
Surgery can treat this. Xu Jiayi, a 19-year-old student from Beijing, had the surgery five
months ago during the winter vacation. “After the surgery, I can see very clearly. Life is more
convenient without having to wear eyeglasses,” said Xu.
However, the process is not as easy as you might think. Xu said that her eyes hurt badly
right after the surgery. Also, she needed to use medicine for at least three months. “At first, there
were four types of medicines, then the number became six,” she said. These medicines help the
eye heal (康复) and prevent eye problems.
Moreover, if you don’t look after your eye health well, nearsightedness may return even
after surgery. “Because I use my eyes too much both at work and at home, things have started to
look blurry to me again,” said Du Anni, 32, who had the surgery nine years ago.
Instead of fixing nearsightedness, “the surgery just lets you ‘take off your glasses’,” said
Wei Wenbin from the Beijing Tongren Hospital in a speech in July. He said that the surgery doesn’
t fix the changes in the eye’s structure.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic in the first paragraph
A．By giving the example. B．By making the comparison.
C．By asking questions. D．By telling the stories.
2．Why do people with nearsightedness can’t see things clearly far away
A．Because the light can’t get into the eyes.
B．Because the light focuses in front of the retina.
C．Because the light doesn’t focus on the retina.
D．Because the light focuses at the back of the retina.
3．What happens to Xu Jiayi after the surgery
A．Her eyes don’t hurt any more after the surgery.
B．She has to use four kinds of medicine for two months.
C．Her eyes’ structure has changed a lot after the surgery.
D．Her life becomes convenient without wearing eyeglasses.
4．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．Nearsightedness may return if we don’t take care of our eyes.
B．The surgery can fix the changes in the eye’s structure completely.
C．As long as you have the right surgery, nearsightedness won’t come back.
D．The surgery just lets you take off glasses but you still can’t see things clearly.
5．What would be the best title for this passage
A．Surgery Does Harm to Eyes. B．Are Eyesight Problems Solved
C．Medicines Heal Nearsightedness. D．Nearsightedness Is Common for Teenagers.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】身体部位、医疗、说明文
【导语】本文主要讨论了近视手术能否解决近视问题。
1．细节理解题。根据“Do you wear glasses If yes, would you like to have surgery (手术) so you
don’t need to wear them anymore ”可知，文章开头通过提问吸引读者关注手术解决近视的问
题。故选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据“But for people with nearsightedness, in their eyes, light focuses in front of
the retina. This makes things far away seem blurry but close things seem clear.”可知，近视者看不
清远处是因为光线聚焦在视网膜前方。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据“After the surgery, I can see very clearly. Life is more convenient without
having to wear eyeglasses,”可知，手术后，她的生活因不用戴眼镜而变得更加方便了。故选 D。
4．细节理解题。根据“Moreover, if you don’t look after your eyes health well, nearsightedness
may return even after surgery”可知，术后护理不当可能导致近视复发。故选 A。
5．最佳标题题。本文主要围绕近视手术能否解决近视问题展开，因此最佳标题为选项 B“视
力问题解决了吗？”。故选 B。
C
For more than a month, the world has been very excited about a new AI model called
DeepSeek-R1. The company behind it, also called DeepSeek, is a business based in Hangzhou,
Zhejiang.
The new AI first appeared on January 20th. In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT
and became number one free application (应用) in the App Store. What is so special about it
According to DeepSeek, the new AI model is as good at difficult activities like math as
other big-time models. But it needs much less computing power (算力) to do that. It is also the
cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57 million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to make.
That is way less than the hundreds of millions or even billions that US businesses have to spend
on making similar AI models, said Marc Andreessen, a technology expert in the US.
The achievement was largely due to an idea the scientist had while they trained it. Instead
of using the traditional ways, DeepSeek mainly uses Reinforcement Learning (RL, 强化学习). It
helps AI learn by working out the right way to do things on its own to get points. This makes R1
better at reasoning and solving hard problems.
What’s more, DeepSeek-R1 is open-source (开源的). Everyone is free to get a copy of its
code (代码). They can also change the code to meet their own needs. Being open-source is very
important for sharing knowledge and making technology better for everyone, said Liang Wenfeng,
who set up DeepSeek.
1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．DeepSeek-R1. B．OpenAI. C．ChatGPT. D．App Store.
2．What is one of the strong points of DeepSeek-R1 compared to other AI models
A．It’s cheaper to develop. B．It’s smarter than others.
C．It’s better at difficult activities. D．It’s quicker in solving problems.
3．How does DeepSeek-R1 learn
A．In a traditional way.
B．Through solving hard problems.
C．By finding the right way to do things independently.
D．By following all kinds of orders from its creators.
4．Why is it important that DeepSeek-R1 is open-source
A．It makes AI safer. B．It creates new knowledge.
C．It makes AI cheaper. D．It makes the use of AI wider.
5．What is the theme of the passage
A．The importance of open-source code. B．The challenges faced by DeepSeek-R1.
C．The differences between AI models. D．The introduction to DeepSeek-R1.
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D
【难度】0.65
【知识点】发明与创造、科学技术、说明文
【导语】本文主要介绍了杭州深度求索公司开发的 AI 模型 DeepSeek-R1 的特点和优势。
1．代词指代题。根据“...about a new AI model called DeepSeek-R1”和“The new AI first appeared
on January 20th...What is so special about it ”可知，此处 it 指代前文提到的新的人工智能模型
——DeepSeek-R1。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据“It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57 million US
dollars (40.58 million yuan) to make.”可知，与其他 AI 模型相比，DeepSeek-R1 的研发经费更
少。故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据“It helps AI learn by working out the right way to do things on its own to get
points.”可知，DeepSeek-R1 学习主要靠自行摸索做事的正确方法。故选 C。
4．推理判断题。根据“DeepSeek-R1 is open-source. Everyone is free to get a copy of its code.”
可知，开源的 DeepSeek-R1 让每个人都可以免费获得它的代码，因此这样可以让它被更广泛
地应用。故选 D。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了 DeepSeek-R1 的相关内容，包括其研发、
自我强化学习及应用等。故选 D。
【拔高试题】
A
A computer program that could help catch and ever translates messages from aliens in outer
space has been started by a British scientist.
If aliens are discovered one day, scientists fear their language may make it impossible to
understand them. But John Elliott of Metropolitan University in Britain has come up with a
program that can figure out the structure (结构) of their language. He thinks that’s the first step in
understanding what they are saying.
Dr. Elliott’s program would compare an alien language to a database (数 据 库 ) of 60
different languages in the world to look for a similar structure. He believes that even an alien
language will have its own structure. Language has to be structured in a certain way, or it will be
harder to use. He told New Scientist magazine.
Research had shown that it is possible to know if a signal (信号) carries a language rather
than a picture or music. Dr. Elliott has gone a step further by finding a way to pick out what might
be words and sentences. Because languages have different word orders, Dr. Elliott has set up a
library of the sentence structures of 60 human languages.
If a message is received from outer space, it could be compared against this database.
Scientist would then be able to see if it’s similar to any human language, or a mix of the language.
However, Dr. Elliott also said that in order to translate what the aliens are actually saying, it
may still be necessary to have a code book.
1．Why did Dr. Elliott come up with the program
A．To learn more about outer space. B．To develop a new language.
C．To help translate the messages for aliens.D．To compare an alien language to human
languages.
2．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us
A．A way to identify different languages has been found.
B．Dr. Elliott’s findings about different kinds of languages.
C．Three important functions of the program.
D．The number of sentence structures of human languages.
3．How does the program work when it receives a message from aliens
A．Mix the message with 60 human languages.
B．Translate the message and send it to the database.
C．Pick out the sentence structure and translate it.
D．Compare the message to the database of 60 human languages.
4．What can we infer from the story
A．Not all languages have their own structure.
B．The structure of alien languages is similar to that of human languages.
C．To translate alien languages, there is much work to do.
D．Alien languages are signals carrying pictures and music.
5．Which part of magazine will you read this passage
A．Science B．Nature C．Person D．Amusement
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】发明与创造、科学技术、说明文
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述英国科学家 John Elliott 开发了一款程序，旨在帮助
识别和翻译外星语言。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第 1 段“A computer program that could help catch and ever translates
messages from aliens in outer space has been started by a British scientist.”可知，该程序的目的
是帮助翻译外星信息。故选 C。
2．主旨大意题。根据文章第 4 段“Dr. Elliott has gone a step further by finding a way to pick out
what might be words and sentences.”可推知，本段主要讲述了一种识别语言的方法。故选 A。
3．细节理解题。 根据文章第 5 段“If a message is received from outer space, it could be
compared against this database.”可知，如果他们接收到了外星人的信息，这个程序会和人类
语言数据库进行比较，故选 D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, Dr. Elliott also said that in order to translate what the
aliens are actually saying, it may still be necessary to have a code book.”可知，为了翻译外星人
说的话，还需要做很多事，故选 C。
5．推理判断题。本文内容涉及科学研究和外星语言分析，最可能出现在科学杂志中。故选
A。
B
With the development of science and technology, e-book reading is becoming popular with
people of all ages. It seems more convenient because you could see people read on their mobile
phones almost everywhere. However, not everybody loves reading e-books. Some preter
traditional printed books which are known as p-books. A survey was made among 110 students
aged between 14 and 18. In the survey, the students were asked which kind they liked better. The
answers are not surprising. Twenty-one percent of them prefer e-book reading and thirty-seventy
percent mainly read printed books. What about the others They said they liked both. As for the
questions how many books they had and what books they read, the diagrams below show the
survey results.
How many p-books/e-books do you have
Numbers of the
students
Diagram I
Diagram
Ⅱ
E-books opened another door to the world of reading, but printed books also have the
advantages which are much loved till now. Both of them bring us the pleasure of reading. What
we should do is to enjoy it no matter which way we choose.
1．The survey is mainly about ________.
A．two ways of reading B．reading competitions
C．the popularity of reading D．wonderful places to read
2．According to Diagram I, the number of the students with ________ is the largest of all.
A．one to ten p-books B．one to ten e-books
C．eleven to fifty p-books D．eleven to fifty e-books
3．According to Diagram 1, novels are less popular than ________ among the p-book lovers.
A．news B．professional books C．science books D．classics
4．E-book readers ________ according to the passage.
A．don’t read printed books
B．are 14-year-old teenagers
C．are seen to read nearly everywhere
D．like professional books better than classics
5．From the passage, we can know ________.
A．one of the 110 teenagers doesn’t own e-books
B．there are five kinds of books for people to read
C．people think printed books are more convenient to read
D．e-books will take the place of printed books in the future
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】说明文、爱好、阅读
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章结合图表讲述了 14 到 18 岁学生阅读纸质书和电子书的情
况。
1．主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章主要讲述了 14 到 18 岁学生阅读纸质书和电子书的情
况。选项 A“阅读的两种方式”符合主旨。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据第一张图表，可知阅读 1-10 本电子书的学生数量是最多的。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据第二张图表中的 The P-books Students Read，可知小说没有经典文学受
欢迎。故选 D。
4．推理判断题。根据“It seems more convenient because you could see people read on their
mobile phones almost everywhere.”可知电子书阅读者几乎随处可见。故选 C。
5．细节理解题。根据第一张图表，可知在调查的 110 名学生中没有电子书的学生有 1 人。
故选 A。
C
The Four Gentlemen in Chinese culture refers to four plants: the mume blossom, the orchid,
the bamboo, and the chrysanthemum.
The term compares the four plants to junzi, or “gentlemen”. They have been shown in
Chinese poems and paintings for more than a thousand years. The four gentlemen are symbols of
traditional Chinese virtues, such as honesty, goodness and so on.
The mume blossoms bloom (绽放) on cold winter days, displaying beauty in the cold wind.
They are regarded as the symbols of inner beauty and iron will under terrible conditions.
The orchid stands for the spring. Although easily broken in form, the orchid is regarded as a
symbol of not caring about glory and wealth. Like the mume blossom, its fragrance (香气) is
never overpowering, symbolizing humility (谦虚) and nobility (高贵).
The center of the bamboo is empty, which symbolizes standing straight and
open-mindedness. Furthermore, it never breaks in storms, teaching people to never give up.
The chrysanthemum blooms in the cold autumn air and foretells the coming of winter. It’s a
beautiful flower that blooms in autumn when other flowers disappear. Although the weather is
cold, nothing can stop its brave growth. And that’s why it was the favorite flower of Tao
Yuanming, a famous poet from the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Two poems to enjoy:
(Poem I ) (Poem II )
Mume Blossoms Bamboo in the Rock
By Wang AnshiAt the wall corner By Zheng XieUpright stands the bamboo amid green
mume trees grow; mountains steep (陡峭的),
Against the cold they bloom apart. Its toothlike root in broken rock is planted deep.
How could we know they are not It’s strong and firm though struck and beaten without
snow rest,
For fragrance unseen they impart. Careless of the wind from north or south; east or west.
(Translated by XuYuanchong) (Translated by XuYuanchong)
1．What does the underlined word “virtues” mean
A．Good looks. B．Special skills. C．Historic artworks. D．Excellent qualities.
2．What do mume blossoms and orchids have in common
A．Iron will. B．Light fragrance.
C．Braving the cold. D．Chasing glory and wealth.
3．Why does Tao Yuanming like the chrysanthemum best
A．Because of the spirit of its honesty.
B．Because of the beauty of blooming flowers.
C．Because it can grow bravely in cold weather.
D．Because other flowers can’t bloom in autumn.
4．Which sentence can reflect the spirit of Poem Ⅱ
A．A tree can’t make a forest.
B．What doesn’t beat you makes you stronger.
C．Knowing yourself is the beginning of all wisdom.
D．If you want to go fast, go alone, if you want to go far, go together.
5．What can we know from the text
A．The mume blossoms look similar to snow in winter.
B．The orchid is regarded as the symbol of inner beauty.
C．The blooming of chrysanthemum means the arrival of autumn.
D．The two famous Chinese poems are translated by different men.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】中华文化、说明文
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国文化中的“四君子”，分别是梅花、兰花、竹子和菊
花，分别阐述了它们所代表的品质，并展示了两首相关的古诗。
1．词义猜测题。根据“such as honesty, goodness and so on”可知，“virtues”是指像诚实、善良
等优秀的品质，故选 D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Like the mume blossom, its fragrance (香气) is never overpowering,
symbolizing humility (谦虚) and nobility (高贵).”可知，梅花和兰花的共同之处是都有淡淡的
香气，故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Although the weather is cold, nothing can stop its brave growth. And that’
s why it was the favorite flower of Tao Yuanming”可知，陶渊明最喜欢菊花是因为它能在寒冷
的天气中勇敢生长，故选 C。
4．推理判断题。《竹石》这首诗体现了竹子在恶劣环境中坚韧不拔的精神，B选项“What doesn’
t beat you makes you stronger.（那些打不倒你的，会让你更强大）”符合这种精神，故选 B。
5．细节理解题。根据“How could we know they are not snow For fragrance unseen they impart.”
可知，梅花在冬天看起来和雪很像，故选 A。