中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
U6
一、单词
battery n. 电池
electricity n. 电；电能
switch-off adj. 关闭(电灯、机器等)的
task n. 任务；活动
while n. 一段时间；一会儿
tablet n. 平板电脑
fridge n. 冰箱
yogurt n. 酸奶
apartment n. 公寓套房
household adj. 家庭的
against prep. 紧靠；碰；撞
speed n. 速度；速率
safety n. 安全；平安
instruction n. 用法说明；操作指南
connect v (使)连接
device n. 装置；设备
rule n. 规则；条例
climate n. 气候
amount n. 数量；数额
power v. 驱动；推动(机器或车辆)
television set n. 电视机
landmark n. 地标
二、短语
1.have something in common有相同的 2.light bulb电灯泡 3.air conditioner空调机；空调设备 4.video game电子游戏特征(或特点等) 5.run out of用完；耗尽 6.go bad变质
7.electric car电动汽车 8.electrical appliance电器 9.care about关注；担忧
10.climate change气候变化 11.join in参加；加入
单词词性衍生、短语衍生、固定搭配
electricity, n.电力；电流，静电； 高涨的情绪； 紧张
electric adj. 电的；电动的；例如：electric cooker; electric kettle;electric car
electrical adj. 有关电的；电气科学的 例如：Electrical Engineer；Electrical safety；electrical appliance电器
switch-off adj.关闭(电灯、机器等)的 switch-on adj. 接通(电灯、机器等)的
household (all the people living together in a house)n. 家庭 adj.家庭的、家用的 household income
区别：family n. 家庭、家人
against prep. 紧靠；碰；撞 短语：fight against 与……作斗争
speed n.速度；速率v.加速
safety n.安全；平安 safe adj.安全的 safely adv. 安全地、稳定地
instruction n.用法说明；操作指南—①instruct v.指示；教导 搭配：instruct sb to do sth 指示某人做某事
②instructor n.教练；导师
connect v.(使)连接—connection n.连接 短语：connect to连接到 connect with 把...和...连接在一起
rule n.规则；条例 v.统治 ruler n. 尺子；统治者
amount n. 数量 短语：a （large） amount of大量的（接不可数名词）
a （large） number of 大量的（接可数名词）
power v.驱动；推动(机器或车辆)n.力量；能量 —powerful adj.有影响力的；力量大的
power station 发电站
三、单词填空
1.I ______________ (connect) my laptop to the projector for the presentation tomorrow.
2.The _____________ (rule) of the game are easy to understand.
3.The _____________ (power) went out during the storm.
4.I prefer to use a tablet for__________(read) e-books.
5.The _____________ (safe) of the building is a top priority.
6.The _____________ (instruct) were clear and concise.
7.The _______________ (electricity) in our house went out last night, so we had to use candles.
8. Please switch_______________ the lights before you leave the room.
9. The car was traveling at a high _______________ (speed) when the accident happened.
10. "Drive ____________ (safe)," he said and waved goodbye.
11.Make sure to _______________ (connect) the printer ______ the computer before you start printing.
12.The new engine is very ____________(power), and it can pull heavy loads easily.
13.The Eiffel Tower is one of the famous _____________ (landmark) in Paris, and millions of tourists visit it every year.
14.The _______________ (electricity) car is becoming more popular because it’s environmentally friendly.
15.The _______________ (electricity) engineer is working on a new project to improve energy efficiency.
16.Please switch___________ the TV; I want to watch the news.
17.The "flywheel" battery, it is said, could __________ (power) an electric car for 600 miles on a single charge.
18.Water power is a way of_____________electricity. (produce)
19.—How much are the two packets of (battery) —Ten yuan, please.
答案:1. will connect 2. rules 3. power 4.reading 5. safety 6.instructions 7.electricity 8. off 9. speed 10.safely 11.connect to 12.powerful 13. landmarks 14. electric 15.electrical 16.on 17. power 18. producing 19.batteries
四、短语填空
1.他关掉电视，去睡觉了。 He the TV and went to bed.
2.外面太热了，请打开空调。 It’s very hot outside, please switch on the .
3.李明的爸爸制定了一些家规，但是李明并不喜欢它们。
Li Ming’s father made some , but he didn’t like them.
4.你的手机可以通过蓝牙与电脑连接。
Your mobile phone can computers by Bluetooth.
5.人们之所以会成为朋友，是因为他们有共同点。
People usually become friends because they have something .
6.气候变化很大程度上仍是一个争论的话题。
is still very much a subject for debate.
7.我们的纸差不多已用完了。你看今天够用吗？
We've nearly . Do you think there's enough for today
8.他正在鼓励其他人加入进来。
He is encouraging others to .
9.把肉放进冰箱里，免得坏了。 Put the meat in the fridge so it doesn't .
答案：1. switched off 2.air conditioner 3. family rules 4. connect to 5.in common 6. Climate change 7. run out of 8. join in 9. go bad
语法填空
A
Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most 36 (importance) thing. The human body can go without food for 37 while, but two 38 three days without water could make people 39 (death). A lot of people don’t understand how 40 (many) water the human body 41 (real) needs. As a matter of fact, many people don’t drink enough, especially 42 hot weather. Most people drink some when 43 (them) are thirsty, but in fact they need more water, especially when they take exercise.
A man’s body 44 (be) 65 to 75 percent of liquid (液体). 45 we don’t have enough water, we would feel tired and may become ill.
答案：36．important 37．a 38．or 39．die 40．much 41．really 42．in 43．they 44．is 45．If
B
Electricity safety tips
Electricity makes our lives easier. We use a lot of (66) (electricity) appliances in our homes every day. Here (67) (be) three of them. How can we use them (68) (safe)
Rice (69) (cook)
Keep the outside of the pot dry.
Do not switch it (70) if the pot is empty.
Washing machine
Do not put your hand in the washing machine (71) it is on.
Unplug it when you are not (72) (use) it.
Microwave
Do not turn it on when it is empty, because it might start a fire.
Stand at least one meter away (73) the microwave when it is on.
Before you put (74) object in a microwave, make sure it is microwave
(75) (safely).
答案：66.electrical 67. are 68. safely 69. cooker 70. on 71. when/if 72. using 73. when 74. an 75. safe
语法讲解————情态动词
can的用法。
1）表能力 He can swim well. 他游泳很好。
2）表许可 You can watch TV after supper. 晚饭后你可以看电视。
3）表请求 Can you help me with my math 你能帮我学数学吗？
注意：could 是can的过去式，但是这里并不表示过去时，而是表示委婉语气。
拓展：can 和be able to的区别
（1）情态动词can只有两种时态形式，现在式can和过去式could，而be able to有多种时态形式。在一般过去时中都表示能够时，两者可以互换。
例如：Mary can play the piano. （一般现在时） 玛丽会弹钢琴。
She could / was able to play the piano when she was five. （一般过去时） 她五岁时就会弹琴。
She has been able to play it since she was five. （现在完成时） 她自从五岁起就会弹琴了。
（2）用在过去时中，could经常表示能够做某事，事实上不一定去做，而was were able to则表示“过去设法做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。
例如：He could swim across the English Channel. But he didn’t want to do it that day.
他能游过英吉利海峡，但那天他不想游。
Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain. 昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。
表示“不可能……”
情态动词can的否定式，可以用来表示否定的推测，意为“不可能……”。
例如：That can’t be her father, because her father has gone to England.
那个人不可能是她爸爸，因为她爸爸已经去英国了。
2. may
1）表示请求和允许
例如：May I borrow your bike 我可以借你的自行车吗？ You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。
2）表示推测
情态动词may表示推测时，意思是“可能（会），或许（会）”。
例如：It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。 She may be at home. 她可能在家呢。
3）may的过去式 may的过去式为might，语气比may弱。表示推测时，可能性低于may。
例如：He is away from school. He might be sick.
他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。
4）表示希望、祈求、祝愿 may表示希望、祈求、祝愿时，常可译为“祝…，但愿”。
例如：May you have a good time. 祝你过得愉快。
May you be happy! 祝你幸福！
May you succeed! 祝你成功！
3. must
1）表必须 情态动词must在肯定句中后跟动词原形，表示“必须”的含义。
例如：You must finish your homework on time. 你必须按时完成作业。
We must return the books on time. 我们必须按时把书归还。
2）在否定结构中表“禁止，不许”
例如：You mustn't leave here. 不允许你离开这儿。
You mustn’t shout in the classroom. 禁止在教室喊叫。
3）表推测 must用于肯定句中的推测，意为“一定是……”。
例如：He must be ill. He looks so pale.他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。
The light is on, so he must be at home now. 灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。
4. have to have to是一个词组，相当于情态动词，表示“不得不，必须”。一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，要将have变成has。一般过去时中，要将have变成had。
例如：We have to be quiet in the library. 你必须在图书馆保持安静
She has to finish her homework before she goes home. 她在回家前必须完成作业。
拓展：have to 和 must的区别
have to表示“必须”时，和must意思相近， 有时可以互换。但是有以下不同：
（1）must 侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。have to 侧重于客观上的必要。
例如：I know I must study hard. 我知道我必须努力学习。
My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.
我弟弟病得厉害， 我只得半夜里把医生请来。
（2）must 和have to的否定式意义区别很大。mustn’t表示“不允许和禁止”，但是don’t have to 表示“不必要”。
例如：You mustn’t park your car here. 不允许在这里停车。
You don’t have to go now. 你没必要现在走。
（3） have to可以用于多种时态，并且有人称和数的变化；而must一般只表示现在或将来，没有人称和数的变化。
例如：I /We/ You/They… must do something. 我（我们/你/你们/他们……）必须得做点什么。
She has to look after her mother today. 她今天必须照看她妈妈。
5. 情态动词的问答
由can引起的提问，肯定回答用can，否定回答用can’t。
例如：－Can you open the door 你能打开门吗？－Yes, I can. 是的，可以－No, I can’t. 不，不可以。
2）由may引起的提问，肯定回答用may/can, 否定回答用can’t/mustn’t。
例如：－May I open the window 我可以打开窗户吗？ －Yes, you can / may. 是的，可以。
－No，you can’t / mustn’t. 不，不行/不允许。
3）由must引起的提问，肯定回答用must， 否定回答用needn’t / don’t have to。
例如：－Must I finish my homework now 我现在必须完成作业吗？
－Yes, you must. 是的，必须。 －No, you needn’t / don’t have to. 不，不必。
语法练习
1. We should keep quiet in the cinema. We speak loudly.
A. can B. must C. needn’t D. mustn’t
2. —Mum, I’ve signed for the box. What’s in it —I’m not sure. It _____ be a present from your uncle.
A . need B. must C. may D. will
3. This pair of glasses ______ be Tony’s. He’s the only one who wears glasses.
A. must B. might C. can't
4. —Mom, I visit the art museum next Monday
—I’m afraid you can’t . All museums in the city are closed on Monday.
A. would B. need C. should D. may
5.—Listen! I think it be Mr. White singing in the office.—No. It be him. He left for London just now.
A. must; mustn’t B. may; mustn’t C. must; can’t D. can; can
6.—You look very pretty, if I say so.—Thanks a lot for saying that.
must B. may C. will D. have to
7.—I’ve bought all the food for the party tonight.—Thank you. Then I go to the supermarket.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
8.—Excuse me, is this the right way to the Children’s Palace —Sorry, I’m not sure. But it be.
A. mustn’t B. might C. can’t D. must
9.—Look! Why are there so many people — There are some policemen. I think there a traffic accident.
A. must have B. can have C. is going to be D. must be
10.—I saw Mr. White in his office just now.
—No, it be him. He has Beijing and will come back next Friday.
A. can’t; gone to B. can’t; been to C. mustn’t; gone to D. mustn’t; been to
11. — I try on this sweater in the window — It is just on show.
A. Could; Yes, you can. B. Can; Sorry, you couldn’t
C. Could; Sorry, you can’t. D. Can; Yes, you could.
12.— Doctor Wang, I’m feeling much better. Must I go on taking the medicine
—No, you . You’ll get well soon.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t
13. People drive after drinking alcohol(酒). It’s against the law.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. wouldn’t
答案： 1. D. 2. C. 3. A. 5. C. 6. B. 7. D. 8. B. 9. D. 10. A. 11. C. 12. C. 13. A.
综合练习
一、单选题
1. A: Can you get me a packet of sweets, please B: No, I __________. I have no time.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. couldn’t
2. Electricity is very dangerous. You must always __________ with it.
A. more careful B. be careful C. carefully D. are careful
3. I’m old enough to wash __________ clothes by myself. You can just wash __________.
A. my, your B. mine, your C. my, yours D. your, my
4. “Did __________ see electricity ” Ben asked his Dad.
A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. no one
5. Nowadays, people use the rice __________ to cook rice.
A. cook B. cooker C. machine D. tool
6. Jane saw a bank robbery __________.
A. on her way to there B. on her way back home C. at the way to home D. at the way to home
7. She arrived in Shanghai __________ April 21st.
A. in B. at C. on D. to
8. You __________ jump onto a bus while it is still moving. It’s too dangerous.
A. can B. must C. can’t D. mustn’t
9. It’s too late. It’s time to go to bed. Lily, __________ the TV.
A. switch on B. turn up C. switch off D. close
10. The computer is connected __________ a machine.
A. at B. to C. on D. in
11. I asked him twice. But he didn’t __________ my questions.
A. answers B. answer to C. reply D. reply to
12. There are a lot of books on the desk. Who can __________
A. tidy up them B. tidy them up C. tidy it up D. tidy up it
13. Remember __________ the door when you leave.
A. to lock B. locking C. locked D. lock
14. “No smoking!” means “__________”.
A. You mustn’t smoke B. You don’t like smoke C. You can smoke outside D. You’d better smoke
答案：1-14 CBCBB BCDCB DBAA
二、语法选择
Nowadays people use money every day. It is very important in our life. __1___money, you cannot buy anything you want. However, I think ___2___people know the history of money.
Long ago, people did not need money. They lived on wild animals, fruits and ___3___plants. As time passed, people learned ___4___plants and keep animals. Sometimes, families produced more things than they needed, ___5___they started to sell them to other families. Later, people began to use money, but it ___6__not the kind of money we use today. They used shells, rice, salt, large stones, etc.
During the 600s BC, people began ___7___coins as money. They soon found that coins were easier to carry than other things. Later, countries started to make ___8___own coins.
The Chinese were ___9___first to use paper money, probably as early as the 11th century. The Italian traveler Marco Polo saw the Chinese using money ___10___he visited China in the 1200s.
Today, we have many ways to buy things. We not only use coins and paper money, but also use bank cards and phones. Paying with a card or a phone is easier and safer than carrying around a lot of “real”money.
( )A. Without B. With C. In D. About
( )A. a few B. few C. little D. a little
( )A. the others B. each other C. others D. other
( )A. to grow B. grow C. growing D. grows
( )A. because B. but C. or D. so
( )A. was B. is C. are D. were
( )A. used B. using C. use D. uses
( )A. theirs B. their C. they D. them
( )A. a B. an C. / D. the
( )A. when B. before C. if D. that
答案：1-10 ABDAD ABBDA
三、完形填空
Shooting has gradually become a popular activity around the world. But for me, at first I wasn’t interested in shooting—I thought it would be ____1____. But my dad advised me to have a ____2____.
The shooting range (射击场) we went to looked beautiful and the instructor was nice. As I got the gun, he said, “If you want your gun to ____3____ the target (靶), you must have good posture.” Then we ____4____ over and over again to get the best posture. Ten minutes later, I tried to shoot and I got two points. This wasn’t bad for a ____5____, but I was not happy with the result.
The instructor ____6____ me and said that all I needed was more practice. After an hour of hard training, I shot properly and hit the ____7____ of the target! I shouted ____8____, “I got a 10!”
At that moment I fell in love with shooting. If you want to try it sometime, I can give you some ____9____. First, when shooting a gun, you shouldn’t hold it with just one hand. Two hands help you keep balance. Second, guns need lots of strength to hold. Third, shooting can be dangerous, so always ____10____ your instructor and behave yourself!
1. A. dangerous B. cool C. beautiful D. perfect
2. A. look B. talk C. try D. rest
3. A. break B. return C. connect D. hit
4. A. practiced B. continued C. achieved D. remained
5. A. leader B. member C. shooter D. beginner
6. A. greeted B. encouraged C. helped D. discovered
7. A. board B. heart C. range D. top
8. A. slowly B. sadly C. excitedly D. calmly
9. A. advice B. rules C. knowledge D. support
10. A. train B. follow C. help D. test
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B
四、阅读理解
A
France is the largest country in Western Europe. There are over 66 million people in France. The country is home to beautiful natural scenery, like the Seine River as well as cultural sites such as the Eiffel Tower. About 75 million visitors come here every year. Here are the top things to do in France.
Visit museums
No trip to France is complete without a visit to its museums, especially the world’s best known one, the Louvre in Paris. In this four-floor building, there are 35,000 works of art, such as the painting Mona Lisa by Da Vinci and the statue David by Michelangelo. It would take nine months to enjoy all the pieces.
Have a local meal
French food is world-famous. Bread is very important in France. The most famous French bread is called “baguette”. It is long and tastes salty. Snails (蜗牛) are also a must-have here. French people cat 40,000 tons of snails every year! People always cook snails with butter and garlic (大蒜) .
Take a bike tour
What is the best way to enjoy the vineyard in Loire Valley Take a bike tour. You can experience the real French life. You may come across some local people. A bright “Bonjour” always begins a nice talk. If you come here in July, you are lucky. The famous bicycle race Tour of France takes place at this time.
11. How many people are there in France
A. About 40 million. B. More than 35 million. C. About 75 million. D. More than 66 million.
12. What do we know about the Louvre in Paris
A. It is the best museum in the world. B. The statue of Michelangelo is in the Louvre.
C. It will be nine months before you enjoy all the artworks.
D. It is a museum with five floors and 35,000 works of art.
13. What is the best way to experience the real French life
A. By taking a bike tour. B. By eating French snails. C. By visiting the museums. D. By enjoying natural views.
14. What does the underlined word “Bonjour” mean
A. Good. B. Right. C. Hello. D. OK.
15. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The must-to-dos in France. B. The natural scenery in France.
C. The famous museums in Paris. D. The people and culture of France.
【答案】11. D 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. A
B
Chopsticks, or kuaizi, appeared (出现) over 3, 000 years ago in ancient China. They were first used for cooking and serving, not as an eating tool. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that chopsticks came into use for eating. Today, bamboo and wood chopsticks are the most popular ones in Chinese homes.
Chinese chopsticks are usually about 26 centimeters long and 1.2 centimeters wide. It is believed that chopsticks should be part of a girl’s dowry (嫁妆) because the sound of kuaizi is like that of the words for “soon” and “son”. It’s still a popular good wish in China.
According to modern science, the long-term use of chopsticks makes one’s fingers move quickly. That is good for people’s health. The culture of using chopsticks has spread to many other Asian countries. In Japan, people celebrate August 4 as Chopsticks Day every year.
There are rules to follow when using chopsticks. Chinese people don’t usually beat their bowls or point at others with chopsticks. In most cases, they won’t start eating until the elderly move chopsticks, and they will put chopsticks down gently after they finish eating.
As an old saying goes, “A chopstick can be broken easily. Ten pairs of chopsticks held together are hard to break.” For thousands of years, Chinese people have loved chopsticks not only because they are easy to use but also because they show the spirit (精神) of the Chinese people.
16. What can we learn about chopsticks in Paragraph 1
A. People usually make chopsticks out of plastics. B. People first used chopsticks as a cooking tool.
C. Chopsticks were used for eating 3, 000 years ago. D. Few people could use chopsticks in ancient China.
17. Why is the use of chopsticks good for our health
A. Because they make eating easier. B. Because they have a magical power.
C. Because they practice people’s fingers. D. Because they are made out of modern science.
18. Which is the right way to use chopsticks
A. Put chopsticks down gently. B. Beat the bowl with chopsticks.
C. Use chopsticks to point at others. D. Move chopsticks before the elderly.
19. What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph
A. Chopsticks belong not only to China. B. Chopsticks are hard to break when held together.
C. Chopsticks are more than just eating tools for Chinese. D. It’s easy for people to use chopsticks in their daily life.
20. Which part of the newspaper is the article probably from
A. Science B. Health C. Fashion D. Culture
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. D
C
For thousands of years, people have been dreaming about and inventing robot machines. In the 3rd century BC, people in Ancient Greece and China built lifelike machines such as dolls and birds. People called them automatons. Automatons used power from water, steam or later–steel springs to make themselves move.
One of the earliest automatons was a wooden bird built by Greek scientist Archytas of Tarentum around 350 BC. The bird could move its wings and travel a short distance along a cable. In the late 15th century, inventor and artist Leonardo da Vinci built a human—like robot knight. His design used wheels to move the knight’s arms and head. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, people built machines to help in factories and other types of work.
In the 1920s, playwright Karel Capek first used the term ‘robot’ in his play Rossum’s Universal Robot. It was about a company that made a human—like robot that did all the work.
The invention of the computer made today’s modern robots possible. With computers, people could program robots to do jobs without human help. In the 1950s, inventor George Devol designed a roto arm. Joseph Engelberger, took this idea and turned it into the first industrial robot called the Unimate. In 1959, the first Unimate began working at a General Motors car plant. It moved pieces from a production line and connected them to car bodies. Engelberger worked hard to show how robots do dangerous jobs in factories and keep people safe. Today, he is referred to as “the father of robotics”.
21. How many kinds of power can automatons use
A. Two kinds B. Three kinds. C. Four kinds. D. Five kinds.
22. What could an automaton possibly do
A. It could move on its own. B. It could climb along a cable.
C. It could dance like a human. D. It could help make robots in factories.
23. What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. The playwright. B. The robot. C. The play. D. The term.
24. Who is considered as the inventor of the first industrial robot
A. George Devol. B. Archytas of Tarentum. C. Leonardo da Vinci. D. Joseph Engelberger.
25. What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A. To show the importance of the computers. B. To introduce the invention of modern robots.
C. To explain why Unimate can do dangerous jobs. D. To tell how scientists use robots to help factories.
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B
五、短文还原
I was holding an apple tree in my hand, as this little seed can become a big tree with thousands of apples. Thousands of apples with several seeds can grow into new trees which can produce thousands of apples. Why then wasn’t the world filled with apple trees ____26____ Most of them never do or are destroyed early on in their growth.
I put the apple seed on the table, and watched it. ____27____ How many times do they have to try to get a seed to grow How much work does it need
____28____ The seeds of your dreams do not grow by themselves. Like planting an apple tree, it might take many tries-like 100 job applications (求职) to get that good job. ____29____ And after that, others will say you are lucky—when in fact you probably failed (失败) more times than you would like to count. But you were good at failing—you learned, you changed, and then with your new knowledge you tried again. And again. And again. And one day success was yours.
I picked up the apple seed again. I took an empty flower pot, put some earth into it and planted the seed. Maybe one day it will grow into a tree. ____30____
A. I’ll never know if I don’t try. B. Maybe it is like your dreams.
C. This time I didn’t throw the seed away. D. I thought a lot about how people grow apples.
E. It is a rule of nature that only a few seeds grow.
F. But if you keep on planting the seeds of your dream, one day you will succeed.
【答案】26. E 27. D 28. B 29. F 30. A
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U6
一、单词
battery n. 电池
electricity n. 电；电能
switch-off adj. 关闭(电灯、机器等)的
task n. 任务；活动
while n. 一段时间；一会儿
tablet n. 平板电脑
fridge n. 冰箱
yogurt n. 酸奶
apartment n. 公寓套房
household adj. 家庭的
against prep. 紧靠；碰；撞
speed n. 速度；速率
safety n. 安全；平安
instruction n. 用法说明；操作指南
connect v (使)连接
device n. 装置；设备
rule n. 规则；条例
climate n. 气候
amount n. 数量；数额
power v. 驱动；推动(机器或车辆)
television set n. 电视机
landmark n. 地标
二、短语
1.have something in common有相同的 2.light bulb电灯泡 3.air conditioner空调机；空调设备 4.video game电子游戏特征(或特点等) 5.run out of用完；耗尽 6.go bad变质
7.electric car电动汽车 8.electrical appliance电器 9.care about关注；担忧
10.climate change气候变化 11.join in参加；加入
三、单词填空
1.I ______________ (connect) my laptop to the projector for the presentation tomorrow.
2.The _____________ (rule) of the game are easy to understand.
3.The _____________ (power) went out during the storm.
4.I prefer to use a tablet for__________(read) e-books.
5.The _____________ (safe) of the building is a top priority.
6.The _____________ (instruct) were clear and concise.
7.The _______________ (electricity) in our house went out last night, so we had to use candles.
8. Please switch_______________ the lights before you leave the room.
9. The car was traveling at a high _______________ (speed) when the accident happened.
10. "Drive ____________ (safe)," he said and waved goodbye.
11.Make sure to _______________ (connect) the printer ______ the computer before you start printing.
12.The new engine is very ____________(power), and it can pull heavy loads easily.
13.The Eiffel Tower is one of the famous _____________ (landmark) in Paris, and millions of tourists visit it every year.
14.The _______________ (electricity) car is becoming more popular because it’s environmentally friendly.
15.The _______________ (electricity) engineer is working on a new project to improve energy efficiency.
16.Please switch___________ the TV; I want to watch the news.
17.The "flywheel" battery, it is said, could __________ (power) an electric car for 600 miles on a single charge.
18.Water power is a way of_____________electricity. (produce)
19.—How much are the two packets of (battery) —Ten yuan, please.
四、短语填空
1.他关掉电视，去睡觉了。 He the TV and went to bed.
2.外面太热了，请打开空调。 It’s very hot outside, please switch on the .
3.李明的爸爸制定了一些家规，但是李明并不喜欢它们。
Li Ming’s father made some , but he didn’t like them.
4.你的手机可以通过蓝牙与电脑连接。
Your mobile phone can computers by Bluetooth.
5.人们之所以会成为朋友，是因为他们有共同点。
People usually become friends because they have something .
6.气候变化很大程度上仍是一个争论的话题。
is still very much a subject for debate.
7.我们的纸差不多已用完了。你看今天够用吗？
We've nearly . Do you think there's enough for today
8.他正在鼓励其他人加入进来。
He is encouraging others to .
9.把肉放进冰箱里，免得坏了。 Put the meat in the fridge so it doesn't .
语法填空
A
Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most 36 (importance) thing. The human body can go without food for 37 while, but two 38 three days without water could make people 39 (death). A lot of people don’t understand how 40 (many) water the human body 41 (real) needs. As a matter of fact, many people don’t drink enough, especially 42 hot weather. Most people drink some when 43 (them) are thirsty, but in fact they need more water, especially when they take exercise.
A man’s body 44 (be) 65 to 75 percent of liquid (液体). 45 we don’t have enough water, we would feel tired and may become ill.
B
Electricity safety tips
Electricity makes our lives easier. We use a lot of (66) (electricity) appliances in our homes every day. Here (67) (be) three of them. How can we use them (68) (safe)
Rice (69) (cook)
Keep the outside of the pot dry.
Do not switch it (70) if the pot is empty.
Washing machine
Do not put your hand in the washing machine (71) it is on.
Unplug it when you are not (72) (use) it.
Microwave
Do not turn it on when it is empty, because it might start a fire.
Stand at least one meter away (73) the microwave when it is on.
Before you put (74) object in a microwave, make sure it is microwave
(75) (safely).
语法讲解————情态动词
can的用法。
1）表能力 He can swim well. 他游泳很好。
2）表许可 You can watch TV after supper. 晚饭后你可以看电视。
3）表请求 Can you help me with my math 你能帮我学数学吗？
注意：could 是can的过去式，但是这里并不表示过去时，而是表示委婉语气。
拓展：can 和be able to的区别
（1）情态动词can只有两种时态形式，现在式can和过去式could，而be able to有多种时态形式。在一般过去时中都表示能够时，两者可以互换。
例如：Mary can play the piano. （一般现在时） 玛丽会弹钢琴。
She could / was able to play the piano when she was five. （一般过去时） 她五岁时就会弹琴。
She has been able to play it since she was five. （现在完成时） 她自从五岁起就会弹琴了。
（2）用在过去时中，could经常表示能够做某事，事实上不一定去做，而was were able to则表示“过去设法做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。
例如：He could swim across the English Channel. But he didn’t want to do it that day.
他能游过英吉利海峡，但那天他不想游。
Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain. 昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。
表示“不可能……”
情态动词can的否定式，可以用来表示否定的推测，意为“不可能……”。
例如：That can’t be her father, because her father has gone to England.
那个人不可能是她爸爸，因为她爸爸已经去英国了。
2. may
1）表示请求和允许
例如：May I borrow your bike 我可以借你的自行车吗？ You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。
2）表示推测
情态动词may表示推测时，意思是“可能（会），或许（会）”。
例如：It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。 She may be at home. 她可能在家呢。
3）may的过去式 may的过去式为might，语气比may弱。表示推测时，可能性低于may。
例如：He is away from school. He might be sick.
他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。
4）表示希望、祈求、祝愿 may表示希望、祈求、祝愿时，常可译为“祝…，但愿”。
例如：May you have a good time. 祝你过得愉快。
May you be happy! 祝你幸福！
May you succeed! 祝你成功！
3. must
1）表必须 情态动词must在肯定句中后跟动词原形，表示“必须”的含义。
例如：You must finish your homework on time. 你必须按时完成作业。
We must return the books on time. 我们必须按时把书归还。
2）在否定结构中表“禁止，不许”
例如：You mustn't leave here. 不允许你离开这儿。
You mustn’t shout in the classroom. 禁止在教室喊叫。
3）表推测 must用于肯定句中的推测，意为“一定是……”。
例如：He must be ill. He looks so pale.他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。
The light is on, so he must be at home now. 灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。
4. have to have to是一个词组，相当于情态动词，表示“不得不，必须”。一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，要将have变成has。一般过去时中，要将have变成had。
例如：We have to be quiet in the library. 你必须在图书馆保持安静
She has to finish her homework before she goes home. 她在回家前必须完成作业。
拓展：have to 和 must的区别
have to表示“必须”时，和must意思相近， 有时可以互换。但是有以下不同：
（1）must 侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。have to 侧重于客观上的必要。
例如：I know I must study hard. 我知道我必须努力学习。
My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.
我弟弟病得厉害， 我只得半夜里把医生请来。
（2）must 和have to的否定式意义区别很大。mustn’t表示“不允许和禁止”，但是don’t have to 表示“不必要”。
例如：You mustn’t park your car here. 不允许在这里停车。
You don’t have to go now. 你没必要现在走。
（3） have to可以用于多种时态，并且有人称和数的变化；而must一般只表示现在或将来，没有人称和数的变化。
例如：I /We/ You/They… must do something. 我（我们/你/你们/他们……）必须得做点什么。
She has to look after her mother today. 她今天必须照看她妈妈。
5. 情态动词的问答
由can引起的提问，肯定回答用can，否定回答用can’t。
例如：－Can you open the door 你能打开门吗？－Yes, I can. 是的，可以－No, I can’t. 不，不可以。
2）由may引起的提问，肯定回答用may/can, 否定回答用can’t/mustn’t。
例如：－May I open the window 我可以打开窗户吗？ －Yes, you can / may. 是的，可以。
－No，you can’t / mustn’t. 不，不行/不允许。
3）由must引起的提问，肯定回答用must， 否定回答用needn’t / don’t have to。
例如：－Must I finish my homework now 我现在必须完成作业吗？
－Yes, you must. 是的，必须。 －No, you needn’t / don’t have to. 不，不必。
语法练习
1. We should keep quiet in the cinema. We speak loudly.
A. can B. must C. needn’t D. mustn’t
2. —Mum, I’ve signed for the box. What’s in it —I’m not sure. It _____ be a present from your uncle.
A . need B. must C. may D. will
3. This pair of glasses ______ be Tony’s. He’s the only one who wears glasses.
A. must B. might C. can't
4. —Mom, I visit the art museum next Monday
—I’m afraid you can’t . All museums in the city are closed on Monday.
A. would B. need C. should D. may
5.—Listen! I think it be Mr. White singing in the office.—No. It be him. He left for London just now.
A. must; mustn’t B. may; mustn’t C. must; can’t D. can; can
6.—You look very pretty, if I say so.—Thanks a lot for saying that.
must B. may C. will D. have to
7.—I’ve bought all the food for the party tonight.—Thank you. Then I go to the supermarket.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
8.—Excuse me, is this the right way to the Children’s Palace —Sorry, I’m not sure. But it be.
A. mustn’t B. might C. can’t D. must
9.—Look! Why are there so many people — There are some policemen. I think there a traffic accident.
A. must have B. can have C. is going to be D. must be
10.—I saw Mr. White in his office just now.
—No, it be him. He has Beijing and will come back next Friday.
A. can’t; gone to B. can’t; been to C. mustn’t; gone to D. mustn’t; been to
11. — I try on this sweater in the window — It is just on show.
A. Could; Yes, you can. B. Can; Sorry, you couldn’t
C. Could; Sorry, you can’t. D. Can; Yes, you could.
12.— Doctor Wang, I’m feeling much better. Must I go on taking the medicine
—No, you . You’ll get well soon.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t
13. People drive after drinking alcohol(酒). It’s against the law.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. wouldn’t
综合练习
一、单选题
1. A: Can you get me a packet of sweets, please B: No, I __________. I have no time.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. couldn’t
2. Electricity is very dangerous. You must always __________ with it.
A. more careful B. be careful C. carefully D. are careful
3. I’m old enough to wash __________ clothes by myself. You can just wash __________.
A. my, your B. mine, your C. my, yours D. your, my
4. “Did __________ see electricity ” Ben asked his Dad.
A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. no one
5. Nowadays, people use the rice __________ to cook rice.
A. cook B. cooker C. machine D. tool
6. Jane saw a bank robbery __________.
A. on her way to there B. on her way back home C. at the way to home D. at the way to home
7. She arrived in Shanghai __________ April 21st.
A. in B. at C. on D. to
8. You __________ jump onto a bus while it is still moving. It’s too dangerous.
A. can B. must C. can’t D. mustn’t
9. It’s too late. It’s time to go to bed. Lily, __________ the TV.
A. switch on B. turn up C. switch off D. close
10. The computer is connected __________ a machine.
A. at B. to C. on D. in
11. I asked him twice. But he didn’t __________ my questions.
A. answers B. answer to C. reply D. reply to
12. There are a lot of books on the desk. Who can __________
A. tidy up them B. tidy them up C. tidy it up D. tidy up it
13. Remember __________ the door when you leave.
A. to lock B. locking C. locked D. lock
14. “No smoking!” means “__________”.
A. You mustn’t smoke B. You don’t like smoke C. You can smoke outside D. You’d better smoke
二、语法选择
Nowadays people use money every day. It is very important in our life. __1___money, you cannot buy anything you want. However, I think ___2___people know the history of money.
Long ago, people did not need money. They lived on wild animals, fruits and ___3___plants. As time passed, people learned ___4___plants and keep animals. Sometimes, families produced more things than they needed, ___5___they started to sell them to other families. Later, people began to use money, but it ___6__not the kind of money we use today. They used shells, rice, salt, large stones, etc.
During the 600s BC, people began ___7___coins as money. They soon found that coins were easier to carry than other things. Later, countries started to make ___8___own coins.
The Chinese were ___9___first to use paper money, probably as early as the 11th century. The Italian traveler Marco Polo saw the Chinese using money ___10___he visited China in the 1200s.
Today, we have many ways to buy things. We not only use coins and paper money, but also use bank cards and phones. Paying with a card or a phone is easier and safer than carrying around a lot of “real”money.
( )A. Without B. With C. In D. About
( )A. a few B. few C. little D. a little
( )A. the others B. each other C. others D. other
( )A. to grow B. grow C. growing D. grows
( )A. because B. but C. or D. so
( )A. was B. is C. are D. were
( )A. used B. using C. use D. uses
( )A. theirs B. their C. they D. them
( )A. a B. an C. / D. the
( )A. when B. before C. if D. that
三、完形填空
Shooting has gradually become a popular activity around the world. But for me, at first I wasn’t interested in shooting—I thought it would be ____1____. But my dad advised me to have a ____2____.
The shooting range (射击场) we went to looked beautiful and the instructor was nice. As I got the gun, he said, “If you want your gun to ____3____ the target (靶), you must have good posture.” Then we ____4____ over and over again to get the best posture. Ten minutes later, I tried to shoot and I got two points. This wasn’t bad for a ____5____, but I was not happy with the result.
The instructor ____6____ me and said that all I needed was more practice. After an hour of hard training, I shot properly and hit the ____7____ of the target! I shouted ____8____, “I got a 10!”
At that moment I fell in love with shooting. If you want to try it sometime, I can give you some ____9____. First, when shooting a gun, you shouldn’t hold it with just one hand. Two hands help you keep balance. Second, guns need lots of strength to hold. Third, shooting can be dangerous, so always ____10____ your instructor and behave yourself!
1. A. dangerous B. cool C. beautiful D. perfect
2. A. look B. talk C. try D. rest
3. A. break B. return C. connect D. hit
4. A. practiced B. continued C. achieved D. remained
5. A. leader B. member C. shooter D. beginner
6. A. greeted B. encouraged C. helped D. discovered
7. A. board B. heart C. range D. top
8. A. slowly B. sadly C. excitedly D. calmly
9. A. advice B. rules C. knowledge D. support
10. A. train B. follow C. help D. test
四、阅读理解
A
France is the largest country in Western Europe. There are over 66 million people in France. The country is home to beautiful natural scenery, like the Seine River as well as cultural sites such as the Eiffel Tower. About 75 million visitors come here every year. Here are the top things to do in France.
Visit museums
No trip to France is complete without a visit to its museums, especially the world’s best known one, the Louvre in Paris. In this four-floor building, there are 35,000 works of art, such as the painting Mona Lisa by Da Vinci and the statue David by Michelangelo. It would take nine months to enjoy all the pieces.
Have a local meal
French food is world-famous. Bread is very important in France. The most famous French bread is called “baguette”. It is long and tastes salty. Snails (蜗牛) are also a must-have here. French people cat 40,000 tons of snails every year! People always cook snails with butter and garlic (大蒜) .
Take a bike tour
What is the best way to enjoy the vineyard in Loire Valley Take a bike tour. You can experience the real French life. You may come across some local people. A bright “Bonjour” always begins a nice talk. If you come here in July, you are lucky. The famous bicycle race Tour of France takes place at this time.
11. How many people are there in France
A. About 40 million. B. More than 35 million. C. About 75 million. D. More than 66 million.
12. What do we know about the Louvre in Paris
A. It is the best museum in the world. B. The statue of Michelangelo is in the Louvre.
C. It will be nine months before you enjoy all the artworks.
D. It is a museum with five floors and 35,000 works of art.
13. What is the best way to experience the real French life
A. By taking a bike tour. B. By eating French snails. C. By visiting the museums. D. By enjoying natural views.
14. What does the underlined word “Bonjour” mean
A. Good. B. Right. C. Hello. D. OK.
15. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The must-to-dos in France. B. The natural scenery in France.
C. The famous museums in Paris. D. The people and culture of France.
B
Chopsticks, or kuaizi, appeared (出现) over 3, 000 years ago in ancient China. They were first used for cooking and serving, not as an eating tool. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that chopsticks came into use for eating. Today, bamboo and wood chopsticks are the most popular ones in Chinese homes.
Chinese chopsticks are usually about 26 centimeters long and 1.2 centimeters wide. It is believed that chopsticks should be part of a girl’s dowry (嫁妆) because the sound of kuaizi is like that of the words for “soon” and “son”. It’s still a popular good wish in China.
According to modern science, the long-term use of chopsticks makes one’s fingers move quickly. That is good for people’s health. The culture of using chopsticks has spread to many other Asian countries. In Japan, people celebrate August 4 as Chopsticks Day every year.
There are rules to follow when using chopsticks. Chinese people don’t usually beat their bowls or point at others with chopsticks. In most cases, they won’t start eating until the elderly move chopsticks, and they will put chopsticks down gently after they finish eating.
As an old saying goes, “A chopstick can be broken easily. Ten pairs of chopsticks held together are hard to break.” For thousands of years, Chinese people have loved chopsticks not only because they are easy to use but also because they show the spirit (精神) of the Chinese people.
16. What can we learn about chopsticks in Paragraph 1
A. People usually make chopsticks out of plastics. B. People first used chopsticks as a cooking tool.
C. Chopsticks were used for eating 3, 000 years ago. D. Few people could use chopsticks in ancient China.
17. Why is the use of chopsticks good for our health
A. Because they make eating easier. B. Because they have a magical power.
C. Because they practice people’s fingers. D. Because they are made out of modern science.
18. Which is the right way to use chopsticks
A. Put chopsticks down gently. B. Beat the bowl with chopsticks.
C. Use chopsticks to point at others. D. Move chopsticks before the elderly.
19. What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph
A. Chopsticks belong not only to China. B. Chopsticks are hard to break when held together.
C. Chopsticks are more than just eating tools for Chinese. D. It’s easy for people to use chopsticks in their daily life.
20. Which part of the newspaper is the article probably from
A. Science B. Health C. Fashion D. Culture
C
For thousands of years, people have been dreaming about and inventing robot machines. In the 3rd century BC, people in Ancient Greece and China built lifelike machines such as dolls and birds. People called them automatons. Automatons used power from water, steam or later–steel springs to make themselves move.
One of the earliest automatons was a wooden bird built by Greek scientist Archytas of Tarentum around 350 BC. The bird could move its wings and travel a short distance along a cable. In the late 15th century, inventor and artist Leonardo da Vinci built a human—like robot knight. His design used wheels to move the knight’s arms and head. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, people built machines to help in factories and other types of work.
In the 1920s, playwright Karel Capek first used the term ‘robot’ in his play Rossum’s Universal Robot. It was about a company that made a human—like robot that did all the work.
The invention of the computer made today’s modern robots possible. With computers, people could program robots to do jobs without human help. In the 1950s, inventor George Devol designed a roto arm. Joseph Engelberger, took this idea and turned it into the first industrial robot called the Unimate. In 1959, the first Unimate began working at a General Motors car plant. It moved pieces from a production line and connected them to car bodies. Engelberger worked hard to show how robots do dangerous jobs in factories and keep people safe. Today, he is referred to as “the father of robotics”.
21. How many kinds of power can automatons use
A. Two kinds B. Three kinds. C. Four kinds. D. Five kinds.
22. What could an automaton possibly do
A. It could move on its own. B. It could climb along a cable.
C. It could dance like a human. D. It could help make robots in factories.
23. What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. The playwright. B. The robot. C. The play. D. The term.
24. Who is considered as the inventor of the first industrial robot
A. George Devol. B. Archytas of Tarentum. C. Leonardo da Vinci. D. Joseph Engelberger.
25. What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A. To show the importance of the computers. B. To introduce the invention of modern robots.
C. To explain why Unimate can do dangerous jobs. D. To tell how scientists use robots to help factories.
五、短文还原
I was holding an apple tree in my hand, as this little seed can become a big tree with thousands of apples. Thousands of apples with several seeds can grow into new trees which can produce thousands of apples. Why then wasn’t the world filled with apple trees ____26____ Most of them never do or are destroyed early on in their growth.
I put the apple seed on the table, and watched it. ____27____ How many times do they have to try to get a seed to grow How much work does it need
____28____ The seeds of your dreams do not grow by themselves. Like planting an apple tree, it might take many tries-like 100 job applications (求职) to get that good job. ____29____ And after that, others will say you are lucky—when in fact you probably failed (失败) more times than you would like to count. But you were good at failing—you learned, you changed, and then with your new knowledge you tried again. And again. And again. And one day success was yours.
I picked up the apple seed again. I took an empty flower pot, put some earth into it and planted the seed. Maybe one day it will grow into a tree. ____30____
A. I’ll never know if I don’t try. B. Maybe it is like your dreams.
C. This time I didn’t throw the seed away. D. I thought a lot about how people grow apples.
E. It is a rule of nature that only a few seeds grow.
F. But if you keep on planting the seeds of your dream, one day you will succeed.
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