【高考押题卷】2025年高考英语二轮复习提高卷 介词短语辨析（含答案与解析）
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| 名称 | 【高考押题卷】2025年高考英语二轮复习提高卷 介词短语辨析（含答案与解析） |  | |
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2025年高考英语二轮复习提高卷 介词短语辨析
一．选择题（共15小题）
1．（2024 全国模拟）The study of natural history is not something to be left to biologists．In fact，their capacity _____ the time they can spend away from their offices is very limited．（ ）
A．in terms of B．in search of
C．in view of D．in spite of
2．（2024 全国模拟）﹣﹣﹣How was your evening？
﹣﹣﹣We went to Joe's and had ____． We really enjoyed ourselves．（ ）
A．a white elephant
B．a square meal
C．a sacred cow
D．the salt of the earth
3．（2023 滨海新区三模）The tennis player never thought of giving up on his journey to success______all the setbacks.（ ）
A． by means of B． in spite of
C． in view of D． on account of
4．（2023 和平区三模）______blowing away with the wind，the kites arose against it to achieve great heights.（ ）
A． Instead of B． In spite of
C． By means of D． Due to
5．（2023 和平区校级一模） Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear _________ the earth very soon if we don't do anything to save them.（ ）
A． on the edge of B． by the side of
C． at the foot of D． off the face of
6．（2023 河东区二模）The problem of smog is becoming increasingly serious．______，the citizens need to wear masks when going out．（ ）
A．On the contrary B．In other words
C．As a consequence D．On the whole
7．（2023 天津二模）It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money______favor to them.（ ）
A．in preference to B．in place
C．in agreement with D．in exchange for
8．（2023 天津二模）92，000 hectares of farmland in the country have been planted with food crops .（ ）
A．up to now
B．ten years ago
C．now and then
D．by the end of next year
9．（2023 河西区一模）China's economic progress has been made __________stronger efforts in energy saving and environmental protection．（ ）
A．in response to B．in parallel with
C．in regard to D．in conflict with
10．（2023 天津一模）When we visited the ward the next morning，we were amazed to see that ________，both boys were still alive.（ ）
A．against all odds
B．above the horizon
C．beyond all praise
D．behind the schedule
11．（2023 河东区一模）Scientists have found that imagination is generated in the right side of the brain；________，the left side of the brain is thought to be "logical".（ ）
A．in other words B．in consequence
C．in a word D．in contrast
12．（2023 河西区校级二模）How can we improve medical care to benefit people？_______ how can we create a health care system that helps people？（ ）
A．In addition B．On the other hand
C．In other words D．On the contrary
13．（2023 红桥区二模）You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request _________ a question．（ ）
A．in search of B．in the form of
C．in need of D．in memory of
14．（2024 和平区模拟）His hurtful comment was ______ during the serious discussion，causing tension among the participants.（ ）
A．out of shape B．out of place
C．out of order D．out of fashion
15．（2024 天津二模）Governments can pass laws which force companies to change their behavior current principles of environmental protection.（ ）
A．in line with B．in reply to
C．in return for D．in honour of
二．翻译题（共5小题）
16．（2025 长宁区一模）北京烤鸭烤好时，香味让所有外国食客都垂涎三尺了。（by the time）
17．（2025 浦东新区一模）任何时候都要保持冷静，而非盲目行事。（instead of）
18．（2025 松江区一模）天气不好，孩子们心心念念的露天音乐会只能推迟两周举行。（Due to…）
19．（2024 青浦区一模）除了推出智能电子产品外，这个公司与客户深化合作，探索数字化转型和可持续发展的道路。 （launch）
20．（2024 奉贤区一模）出乎所有人的预料，这个年仅 8岁的小男孩在竞赛中对答如流，赢得了所有在场观众们如雷般的掌声。（which） （汉译英）
2025年高考英语二轮复习提高卷 介词短语辨析
参考答案与试题解析
一．选择题（共15小题）
1．（2024 全国模拟）The study of natural history is not something to be left to biologists．In fact，their capacity _____ the time they can spend away from their offices is very limited．（ ）
A．in terms of B．in search of
C．in view of D．in spite of
【答案】A
【分析】对于自然历史的研究不是要留给生物学家的事情．事实上，就他们能在办公室外度过的时间而言他们的能力是非常有限的．
【解答】考查介词短语．Ain terms of就某方面而言；in search of寻找；寻求；in view of鉴于，考虑到；in spite of不管；尽管．
故选：A。
【点评】考查短语的题，熟记短语的意思，根据句意进行确定．
2．（2024 全国模拟）﹣﹣﹣How was your evening？
﹣﹣﹣We went to Joe's and had ____． We really enjoyed ourselves．（ ）
A．a white elephant
B．a square meal
C．a sacred cow
D．the salt of the earth
【答案】B
【分析】﹣﹣你们的晚会如何呢？
﹣﹣我们去了Joe家，在那里我们美餐了一顿并且玩得很开心．
【解答】答案：B．A．a white elephant 昂贵而无用的东西；B．a square meal 一顿美餐（饱餐）；C．a sacred cow 神圣而不可侵犯的人（物）；D．the salt of the earth 品质高尚的人，社会中坚．结合句意，所以B项正确．
故选：B．
【点评】考查名词短语词义辨析．做题时先弄清每个选项的含义，再结合句意选出最佳选项．需要注意的是，不能仅仅根据表面意思来理解．
3．（2023 滨海新区三模）The tennis player never thought of giving up on his journey to success______all the setbacks.（ ）
A． by means of B． in spite of
C． in view of D． on account of
【答案】B
【分析】尽管遭遇了种种挫折，这位网球运动员从未想过要放弃通往成功的道路。
【解答】A.by means of凭借；B.in spite of尽管；C.in view of鉴于；D.on account of因为。根据句意"尽管遭遇了种种挫折，这位网球运动员从未想过要放弃通往成功的道路。"空处意思应该是"尽管"，B项正确。
故选：B。
【点评】考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
4．（2023 和平区三模）______blowing away with the wind，the kites arose against it to achieve great heights.（ ）
A． Instead of B． In spite of
C． By means of D． Due to
【答案】A
【分析】那些风筝在逆风中慢慢升到高空，而不是随风而逝。
【解答】A.Instead of而不是；B.In spite of不管；C.By means of凭借；D.Due to由于。根据句意"那些风筝在逆风中慢慢升到高空，而不是随风而逝。"空处意思应该是"而不是"，A项正确。
故选：A。
【点评】考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
5．（2023 和平区校级一模） Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear _________ the earth very soon if we don't do anything to save them.（ ）
A． on the edge of B． by the side of
C． at the foot of D． off the face of
【答案】D
【分析】许多物种濒临灭绝，如果我们不采取任何措施来拯救它们，它们可能很快就会从地球上消失。
【解答】A.on the edge of在……的边缘；B.by the side of在……附近；C.at the foot of在……的脚下；D.off the face of the earth完全彻底地消除。根据句意"许多物种濒临灭绝，如果我们不采取任何措施来拯救它们，它们可能很快就会从地球上消失。"空处意思应该是"完全彻底地消除"，D项正确。
故选：D。
【点评】考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
6．（2023 河东区二模）The problem of smog is becoming increasingly serious．______，the citizens need to wear masks when going out．（ ）
A．On the contrary B．In other words
C．As a consequence D．On the whole
【答案】C
【分析】句意：烟雾的问题变得越来越严重，结果，市民们外出时需要戴口罩．
【解答】答案C．"on the contrary"正好相反；"in other words"换句话说；"as a consequence"结果；"on the whole"总而言之，一般来说．根据句意，烟雾的问题变得越来越严重，结果，市民们外出时需要戴口罩．前后两句话是因果关系，用as a consequence引导结果状语．故选C．
【点评】本题考查介词短语，要掌握选项中短语的意思并结合具体的语境选择出正确的选项．
7．（2023 天津二模）It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money______favor to them.（ ）
A．in preference to B．in place
C．in agreement with D．in exchange for
【答案】D
【分析】公职人员向人们索要礼物或金钱以换取对他们的帮助是违法的。
【解答】A．in preference to 优先于；B．in place在正确的位置，在适当位置；C．in agreement with同意，与…一致；D．in exchange for作为交换。结合句意，公职人员向人们索要礼物或金钱以换取对他们的帮助是违法的。D符合语意。
故选：D。
【点评】做题时，分析句子，结合句意和选项做出判断。
8．（2023 天津二模）92，000 hectares of farmland in the country have been planted with food crops .（ ）
A．up to now
B．ten years ago
C．now and then
D．by the end of next year
【答案】A
【分析】到目前为止，全国已有9.2万公顷农田种植了粮食作物。
【解答】A.up to now到目前为止；B.ten years ago十年前；C.now and then时而；D.by the end of next year到明年年底。根据句意"到目前为止，全国已有9.2万公顷农田种植了粮食作物。"空处意思应该是"到目前为止"，A项正确。
故选：A。
【点评】考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
9．（2023 河西区一模）China's economic progress has been made __________stronger efforts in energy saving and environmental protection．（ ）
A．in response to B．in parallel with
C．in regard to D．in conflict with
【答案】B
【分析】中国的经济发展与节能环保工作同步进行．
【解答】A． in response to回应； B． in parallel with 并行的； C． in regard to 关于；D． in conflict with 与…冲突；根据句意：中国的经济发展与节能环保工作同步进行．
故选：B．
【点评】考查介词短语词义辨析．弄清楚各个介词短语的词义和用法，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项．
10．（2023 天津一模）When we visited the ward the next morning，we were amazed to see that ________，both boys were still alive.（ ）
A．against all odds
B．above the horizon
C．beyond all praise
D．behind the schedule
【答案】A
【分析】第二天早上我们去看病房时，惊讶地发现尽管困难重重，两个男孩都活了下来。
【解答】句意：第二天早上我们去病房时，惊讶地发现尽管困难重重，两个男孩都活了下来。A.against all odds尽管困难重重，突破万难；B.above the horizon水平线以上；C.beyond all praise赞美不完；D.behind the schedule落后于预定计划。根据后文"both boys were still alive"指突破万难活下来。故选：A。
【点评】考查固定短语辨析。这四组均为介词短语，日常学习中要注意积累。
11．（2023 河东区一模）Scientists have found that imagination is generated in the right side of the brain；________，the left side of the brain is thought to be "logical".（ ）
A．in other words B．in consequence
C．in a word D．in contrast
【答案】D
【分析】科学家发现，想象力产生于大脑的右半脑；相比之下，左脑被认为是"有逻辑的"。
【解答】A.in other words换句话说；B.in consequence因此、结果；C.in a word总之；D.in contrast比较起来、相比之下。根据句意可知，本句表明科学发现人的左右脑作用不一样，填空处表示把前后内容作对比。
故选：D。
【点评】解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题型，要分析句子结构，理解句意，考虑语境，选择恰当词。切忌：粗心大意，惯性判断。要注意细心分析验证，得出答案。
12．（2023 河西区校级二模）How can we improve medical care to benefit people？_______ how can we create a health care system that helps people？（ ）
A．In addition B．On the other hand
C．In other words D．On the contrary
【答案】C
【分析】我们该怎样才能改善医疗服务来造福人民呢？换句话说，我们该如何创造一个为人民服务的卫生保健体系呢？
【解答】答案：C．
In addition此外，另外；On the other hand另一方面，In other words，换句话说，On the contrary相反．to benefit people为不定式作目的状语；that helps people为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a health care system．因为前后两句话所表达的意思基本上是一致的，所以选C．
【点评】辨析清楚不同介词短语的意思，关键是要弄清题干所表达的含义，并且符合上下文逻辑关系．
13．（2023 红桥区二模）You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request _________ a question．（ ）
A．in search of B．in the form of
C．in need of D．in memory of
【答案】B
【分析】如果你以疑问的形式提出要求听起来会更礼貌．
【解答】答案是B．本题主要考查介词短语辨析．in search of 搜寻；in the form of 以…形式；in need of 需要；in memory of为了纪念…；根据句句意和常识判断，"以疑问的形式"会使请求听起来更礼貌，所以答案选择B．
故选：B．
【点评】本题考查介词短语的语义辨析，考生在平时的学习中应注意积累相应的短语和词汇，并牢记其意思．在做题时，将短语的意思和题干相结合，从语法、句子结构尤其是句意上去判断，句意通顺，符合逻辑，即正确答案．
14．（2024 和平区模拟）His hurtful comment was ______ during the serious discussion，causing tension among the participants.（ ）
A．out of shape B．out of place
C．out of order D．out of fashion
【答案】B
【分析】在严肃的讨论中，他的伤害性言论不合时宜，引起了参与者的紧张。
【解答】A.out of shape不成型；B.out of place不适当；C.out of order坏了；D.out of fashion过时了。根据句意：在严肃的讨论中，他的伤害性言论不合时宜，引起了参与者的紧张。可知这里使用介词短语out of place"不适当"。
故选：B。
【点评】介词短语是介词和其它代词或名词或词组搭配形成的短语。口语上简称"介短"。该短语主要是用来表示词与词，词与句之间的关系。
15．（2024 天津二模）Governments can pass laws which force companies to change their behavior current principles of environmental protection.（ ）
A．in line with B．in reply to
C．in return for D．in honour of
【答案】A
【分析】政府可以颁布法律，迫使公司改变他们的行为以符合当前环境保护原则。
【解答】A.in line with符合，一致；B.in reply to答复；C.in return for作为……报答；D.in honour of以纪念，向....表示敬意。根据句意，公司只有行为与环境保护原则一致，政府才会通过法律。
故选：A。
【点评】考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
二．翻译题（共5小题）
16．（2025 长宁区一模）北京烤鸭烤好时，香味让所有外国食客都垂涎三尺了。（by the time） By the time the Peking duck was roasted/done/ready，the smell had made all the foreign diners' mouths water.
【答案】By the time the Peking duck was roasted/done/ready，the smell had made all the foreign diners' mouths water.
【分析】北京烤鸭烤好时，香味让所有外国食客都垂涎三尺了。
【解答】本句是时间状语从句，使用了"by the time"结构，表示"到了……时候"。从句为一般过去时，主句为过去完成时。"北京烤鸭烤好时"翻译成一般过去时被动语态。"北京烤鸭"为the Peking duck ，为主语。"烤好"为翻译为：was roasted/done/ready。"香味"为the smell，"所有外国食客"为all the foreign diners。make one's mouth water是固定搭配，表示"让某人垂涎欲滴"。
故填：By the time the Peking duck was roasted/done/ready，the smell had made all the foreign diners' mouths water.
【点评】考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意进行翻译，使句意更通顺。
17．（2025 浦东新区一模）任何时候都要保持冷静，而非盲目行事。（instead of） Stay calm at any time instead of taking action blindly.
【答案】Stay calm at any time instead of taking action blindly.
【分析】任何时候都要保持冷静，而非盲目行事。
【解答】根据语境要用祈使句，"保持冷静"译为stay calm；"任何时候"译为at any time，是介词短语；"而非"译为instead of，后接动词时用动名词形式；"盲目行事"译为take action blindly。
故填：Stay calm at any time instead of taking action blindly.
【点评】考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意进行翻译，使句意更通顺。
18．（2025 松江区一模）天气不好，孩子们心心念念的露天音乐会只能推迟两周举行。（Due to…） Due to the bad weather，the open﹣air concert which the children are looking forward to has to be put off for two weeks.
【答案】Due to the bad weather，the open﹣air concert which the children are looking forward to has to be put off for two weeks.
【分析】天气不好，孩子们心心念念的露天音乐会只能推迟两周举行。
【解答】"天气不好"译为Due to the bad weather；"孩子们心心念念的露天音乐会"译为the open﹣air concert which the children are looking forward to，用定语从句修饰the open﹣air concert；"只能推迟两周举行"译为has to be put off for two weeks。
故填：Due to the bad weather，the open﹣air concert which the children are looking forward to has to be put off for two weeks.
【点评】考查句子的翻译，要熟记单词的汉语意思，并结合题目要求写出正确的句子。
19．（2024 青浦区一模）除了推出智能电子产品外，这个公司与客户深化合作，探索数字化转型和可持续发展的道路。 （launch） In addition to launching smart electronic products，the company is deepening cooperation with customers to explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development.
【答案】In addition to launching smart electronic products，the company is deepening cooperation with customers to explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development.
【分析】除了推出智能电子产品外，这个公司与客户深化合作，探索数字化转型和可持续发展的道路。
【解答】根据语境可知，句子是在描述正在发生的事情，应用现在进行时；"除了……外"译为in addition to，"推出智能电子产品"译为launch smart electronic products，结合前文in addition to可知，动词应用动名词形式，"这个公司"译为the company，"与客户深化合作"译为deepen cooperation with customers，主语the company为单数，be动词应用is，"探索数字化转型和可持续发展的道路"译为explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development，在句中作目的状语，其前加to，因此整句话翻译为In addition to launching smart electronic products，the company is deepening cooperation with customers to explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development.
故答案为：In addition to launching smart electronic products，the company is deepening cooperation with customers to explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，组合成正确的句子。
20．（2024 奉贤区一模）出乎所有人的预料，这个年仅 8岁的小男孩在竞赛中对答如流，赢得了所有在场观众们如雷般的掌声。（which） （汉译英） Out of/Beyond all the people's expectations，the eight﹣year﹣old boy answered all the questions fluently in the competition，which won the loud/thunderous applause from all the audience present.
【答案】Out of/Beyond all the people's expectations，the eight﹣year﹣old boy answered all the questions fluently in the competition，which won the loud/thunderous applause from all the audience present.
【分析】出乎所有人的预料，这个年仅 8岁的小男孩在竞赛中对答如流，赢得了所有在场观众们如雷般的掌声。
【解答】表示"出乎所有人的预料"应用out of/beyond all the people's expectations；"这个年仅 8岁的小男孩"翻译为the eight﹣year﹣old boy，为句子主语；表示"对答如流"应用answer all the questions fluently，是谓语和宾语部分，结合语境可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时；表示"在竞赛中"短语为in the competition；故主句部分翻译为：Out of/Beyond all the people's expectations，the eight﹣year﹣old boy answered all the questions fluently in the competition，其后跟which引导的非限制性定语从句，其中which指代主句的内容；表示"赢得了所有在场观众们如雷般的掌声"翻译为win the loud/thunderous applause from all the audience present，句子是在描述过去发生的事，从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时。
故翻译为：Out of/Beyond all the people's expectations，the eight﹣year﹣old boy answered all the questions fluently in the competition，which won the loud/thunderous applause from all the audience present.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，组合成正确的句子。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
一．选择题（共15小题）
1．（2024 全国模拟）The study of natural history is not something to be left to biologists．In fact，their capacity _____ the time they can spend away from their offices is very limited．（ ）
A．in terms of B．in search of
C．in view of D．in spite of
2．（2024 全国模拟）﹣﹣﹣How was your evening？
﹣﹣﹣We went to Joe's and had ____． We really enjoyed ourselves．（ ）
A．a white elephant
B．a square meal
C．a sacred cow
D．the salt of the earth
3．（2023 滨海新区三模）The tennis player never thought of giving up on his journey to success______all the setbacks.（ ）
A． by means of B． in spite of
C． in view of D． on account of
4．（2023 和平区三模）______blowing away with the wind，the kites arose against it to achieve great heights.（ ）
A． Instead of B． In spite of
C． By means of D． Due to
5．（2023 和平区校级一模） Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear _________ the earth very soon if we don't do anything to save them.（ ）
A． on the edge of B． by the side of
C． at the foot of D． off the face of
6．（2023 河东区二模）The problem of smog is becoming increasingly serious．______，the citizens need to wear masks when going out．（ ）
A．On the contrary B．In other words
C．As a consequence D．On the whole
7．（2023 天津二模）It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money______favor to them.（ ）
A．in preference to B．in place
C．in agreement with D．in exchange for
8．（2023 天津二模）92，000 hectares of farmland in the country have been planted with food crops .（ ）
A．up to now
B．ten years ago
C．now and then
D．by the end of next year
9．（2023 河西区一模）China's economic progress has been made __________stronger efforts in energy saving and environmental protection．（ ）
A．in response to B．in parallel with
C．in regard to D．in conflict with
10．（2023 天津一模）When we visited the ward the next morning，we were amazed to see that ________，both boys were still alive.（ ）
A．against all odds
B．above the horizon
C．beyond all praise
D．behind the schedule
11．（2023 河东区一模）Scientists have found that imagination is generated in the right side of the brain；________，the left side of the brain is thought to be "logical".（ ）
A．in other words B．in consequence
C．in a word D．in contrast
12．（2023 河西区校级二模）How can we improve medical care to benefit people？_______ how can we create a health care system that helps people？（ ）
A．In addition B．On the other hand
C．In other words D．On the contrary
13．（2023 红桥区二模）You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request _________ a question．（ ）
A．in search of B．in the form of
C．in need of D．in memory of
14．（2024 和平区模拟）His hurtful comment was ______ during the serious discussion，causing tension among the participants.（ ）
A．out of shape B．out of place
C．out of order D．out of fashion
15．（2024 天津二模）Governments can pass laws which force companies to change their behavior current principles of environmental protection.（ ）
A．in line with B．in reply to
C．in return for D．in honour of
二．翻译题（共5小题）
16．（2025 长宁区一模）北京烤鸭烤好时，香味让所有外国食客都垂涎三尺了。（by the time）
17．（2025 浦东新区一模）任何时候都要保持冷静，而非盲目行事。（instead of）
18．（2025 松江区一模）天气不好，孩子们心心念念的露天音乐会只能推迟两周举行。（Due to…）
19．（2024 青浦区一模）除了推出智能电子产品外，这个公司与客户深化合作，探索数字化转型和可持续发展的道路。 （launch）
20．（2024 奉贤区一模）出乎所有人的预料，这个年仅 8岁的小男孩在竞赛中对答如流，赢得了所有在场观众们如雷般的掌声。（which） （汉译英）
2025年高考英语二轮复习提高卷 介词短语辨析
参考答案与试题解析
一．选择题（共15小题）
1．（2024 全国模拟）The study of natural history is not something to be left to biologists．In fact，their capacity _____ the time they can spend away from their offices is very limited．（ ）
A．in terms of B．in search of
C．in view of D．in spite of
【答案】A
【分析】对于自然历史的研究不是要留给生物学家的事情．事实上，就他们能在办公室外度过的时间而言他们的能力是非常有限的．
【解答】考查介词短语．Ain terms of就某方面而言；in search of寻找；寻求；in view of鉴于，考虑到；in spite of不管；尽管．
故选：A。
【点评】考查短语的题，熟记短语的意思，根据句意进行确定．
2．（2024 全国模拟）﹣﹣﹣How was your evening？
﹣﹣﹣We went to Joe's and had ____． We really enjoyed ourselves．（ ）
A．a white elephant
B．a square meal
C．a sacred cow
D．the salt of the earth
【答案】B
【分析】﹣﹣你们的晚会如何呢？
﹣﹣我们去了Joe家，在那里我们美餐了一顿并且玩得很开心．
【解答】答案：B．A．a white elephant 昂贵而无用的东西；B．a square meal 一顿美餐（饱餐）；C．a sacred cow 神圣而不可侵犯的人（物）；D．the salt of the earth 品质高尚的人，社会中坚．结合句意，所以B项正确．
故选：B．
【点评】考查名词短语词义辨析．做题时先弄清每个选项的含义，再结合句意选出最佳选项．需要注意的是，不能仅仅根据表面意思来理解．
3．（2023 滨海新区三模）The tennis player never thought of giving up on his journey to success______all the setbacks.（ ）
A． by means of B． in spite of
C． in view of D． on account of
【答案】B
【分析】尽管遭遇了种种挫折，这位网球运动员从未想过要放弃通往成功的道路。
【解答】A.by means of凭借；B.in spite of尽管；C.in view of鉴于；D.on account of因为。根据句意"尽管遭遇了种种挫折，这位网球运动员从未想过要放弃通往成功的道路。"空处意思应该是"尽管"，B项正确。
故选：B。
【点评】考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
4．（2023 和平区三模）______blowing away with the wind，the kites arose against it to achieve great heights.（ ）
A． Instead of B． In spite of
C． By means of D． Due to
【答案】A
【分析】那些风筝在逆风中慢慢升到高空，而不是随风而逝。
【解答】A.Instead of而不是；B.In spite of不管；C.By means of凭借；D.Due to由于。根据句意"那些风筝在逆风中慢慢升到高空，而不是随风而逝。"空处意思应该是"而不是"，A项正确。
故选：A。
【点评】考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
5．（2023 和平区校级一模） Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear _________ the earth very soon if we don't do anything to save them.（ ）
A． on the edge of B． by the side of
C． at the foot of D． off the face of
【答案】D
【分析】许多物种濒临灭绝，如果我们不采取任何措施来拯救它们，它们可能很快就会从地球上消失。
【解答】A.on the edge of在……的边缘；B.by the side of在……附近；C.at the foot of在……的脚下；D.off the face of the earth完全彻底地消除。根据句意"许多物种濒临灭绝，如果我们不采取任何措施来拯救它们，它们可能很快就会从地球上消失。"空处意思应该是"完全彻底地消除"，D项正确。
故选：D。
【点评】考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
6．（2023 河东区二模）The problem of smog is becoming increasingly serious．______，the citizens need to wear masks when going out．（ ）
A．On the contrary B．In other words
C．As a consequence D．On the whole
【答案】C
【分析】句意：烟雾的问题变得越来越严重，结果，市民们外出时需要戴口罩．
【解答】答案C．"on the contrary"正好相反；"in other words"换句话说；"as a consequence"结果；"on the whole"总而言之，一般来说．根据句意，烟雾的问题变得越来越严重，结果，市民们外出时需要戴口罩．前后两句话是因果关系，用as a consequence引导结果状语．故选C．
【点评】本题考查介词短语，要掌握选项中短语的意思并结合具体的语境选择出正确的选项．
7．（2023 天津二模）It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money______favor to them.（ ）
A．in preference to B．in place
C．in agreement with D．in exchange for
【答案】D
【分析】公职人员向人们索要礼物或金钱以换取对他们的帮助是违法的。
【解答】A．in preference to 优先于；B．in place在正确的位置，在适当位置；C．in agreement with同意，与…一致；D．in exchange for作为交换。结合句意，公职人员向人们索要礼物或金钱以换取对他们的帮助是违法的。D符合语意。
故选：D。
【点评】做题时，分析句子，结合句意和选项做出判断。
8．（2023 天津二模）92，000 hectares of farmland in the country have been planted with food crops .（ ）
A．up to now
B．ten years ago
C．now and then
D．by the end of next year
【答案】A
【分析】到目前为止，全国已有9.2万公顷农田种植了粮食作物。
【解答】A.up to now到目前为止；B.ten years ago十年前；C.now and then时而；D.by the end of next year到明年年底。根据句意"到目前为止，全国已有9.2万公顷农田种植了粮食作物。"空处意思应该是"到目前为止"，A项正确。
故选：A。
【点评】考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
9．（2023 河西区一模）China's economic progress has been made __________stronger efforts in energy saving and environmental protection．（ ）
A．in response to B．in parallel with
C．in regard to D．in conflict with
【答案】B
【分析】中国的经济发展与节能环保工作同步进行．
【解答】A． in response to回应； B． in parallel with 并行的； C． in regard to 关于；D． in conflict with 与…冲突；根据句意：中国的经济发展与节能环保工作同步进行．
故选：B．
【点评】考查介词短语词义辨析．弄清楚各个介词短语的词义和用法，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项．
10．（2023 天津一模）When we visited the ward the next morning，we were amazed to see that ________，both boys were still alive.（ ）
A．against all odds
B．above the horizon
C．beyond all praise
D．behind the schedule
【答案】A
【分析】第二天早上我们去看病房时，惊讶地发现尽管困难重重，两个男孩都活了下来。
【解答】句意：第二天早上我们去病房时，惊讶地发现尽管困难重重，两个男孩都活了下来。A.against all odds尽管困难重重，突破万难；B.above the horizon水平线以上；C.beyond all praise赞美不完；D.behind the schedule落后于预定计划。根据后文"both boys were still alive"指突破万难活下来。故选：A。
【点评】考查固定短语辨析。这四组均为介词短语，日常学习中要注意积累。
11．（2023 河东区一模）Scientists have found that imagination is generated in the right side of the brain；________，the left side of the brain is thought to be "logical".（ ）
A．in other words B．in consequence
C．in a word D．in contrast
【答案】D
【分析】科学家发现，想象力产生于大脑的右半脑；相比之下，左脑被认为是"有逻辑的"。
【解答】A.in other words换句话说；B.in consequence因此、结果；C.in a word总之；D.in contrast比较起来、相比之下。根据句意可知，本句表明科学发现人的左右脑作用不一样，填空处表示把前后内容作对比。
故选：D。
【点评】解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题型，要分析句子结构，理解句意，考虑语境，选择恰当词。切忌：粗心大意，惯性判断。要注意细心分析验证，得出答案。
12．（2023 河西区校级二模）How can we improve medical care to benefit people？_______ how can we create a health care system that helps people？（ ）
A．In addition B．On the other hand
C．In other words D．On the contrary
【答案】C
【分析】我们该怎样才能改善医疗服务来造福人民呢？换句话说，我们该如何创造一个为人民服务的卫生保健体系呢？
【解答】答案：C．
In addition此外，另外；On the other hand另一方面，In other words，换句话说，On the contrary相反．to benefit people为不定式作目的状语；that helps people为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a health care system．因为前后两句话所表达的意思基本上是一致的，所以选C．
【点评】辨析清楚不同介词短语的意思，关键是要弄清题干所表达的含义，并且符合上下文逻辑关系．
13．（2023 红桥区二模）You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request _________ a question．（ ）
A．in search of B．in the form of
C．in need of D．in memory of
【答案】B
【分析】如果你以疑问的形式提出要求听起来会更礼貌．
【解答】答案是B．本题主要考查介词短语辨析．in search of 搜寻；in the form of 以…形式；in need of 需要；in memory of为了纪念…；根据句句意和常识判断，"以疑问的形式"会使请求听起来更礼貌，所以答案选择B．
故选：B．
【点评】本题考查介词短语的语义辨析，考生在平时的学习中应注意积累相应的短语和词汇，并牢记其意思．在做题时，将短语的意思和题干相结合，从语法、句子结构尤其是句意上去判断，句意通顺，符合逻辑，即正确答案．
14．（2024 和平区模拟）His hurtful comment was ______ during the serious discussion，causing tension among the participants.（ ）
A．out of shape B．out of place
C．out of order D．out of fashion
【答案】B
【分析】在严肃的讨论中，他的伤害性言论不合时宜，引起了参与者的紧张。
【解答】A.out of shape不成型；B.out of place不适当；C.out of order坏了；D.out of fashion过时了。根据句意：在严肃的讨论中，他的伤害性言论不合时宜，引起了参与者的紧张。可知这里使用介词短语out of place"不适当"。
故选：B。
【点评】介词短语是介词和其它代词或名词或词组搭配形成的短语。口语上简称"介短"。该短语主要是用来表示词与词，词与句之间的关系。
15．（2024 天津二模）Governments can pass laws which force companies to change their behavior current principles of environmental protection.（ ）
A．in line with B．in reply to
C．in return for D．in honour of
【答案】A
【分析】政府可以颁布法律，迫使公司改变他们的行为以符合当前环境保护原则。
【解答】A.in line with符合，一致；B.in reply to答复；C.in return for作为……报答；D.in honour of以纪念，向....表示敬意。根据句意，公司只有行为与环境保护原则一致，政府才会通过法律。
故选：A。
【点评】考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
二．翻译题（共5小题）
16．（2025 长宁区一模）北京烤鸭烤好时，香味让所有外国食客都垂涎三尺了。（by the time） By the time the Peking duck was roasted/done/ready，the smell had made all the foreign diners' mouths water.
【答案】By the time the Peking duck was roasted/done/ready，the smell had made all the foreign diners' mouths water.
【分析】北京烤鸭烤好时，香味让所有外国食客都垂涎三尺了。
【解答】本句是时间状语从句，使用了"by the time"结构，表示"到了……时候"。从句为一般过去时，主句为过去完成时。"北京烤鸭烤好时"翻译成一般过去时被动语态。"北京烤鸭"为the Peking duck ，为主语。"烤好"为翻译为：was roasted/done/ready。"香味"为the smell，"所有外国食客"为all the foreign diners。make one's mouth water是固定搭配，表示"让某人垂涎欲滴"。
故填：By the time the Peking duck was roasted/done/ready，the smell had made all the foreign diners' mouths water.
【点评】考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意进行翻译，使句意更通顺。
17．（2025 浦东新区一模）任何时候都要保持冷静，而非盲目行事。（instead of） Stay calm at any time instead of taking action blindly.
【答案】Stay calm at any time instead of taking action blindly.
【分析】任何时候都要保持冷静，而非盲目行事。
【解答】根据语境要用祈使句，"保持冷静"译为stay calm；"任何时候"译为at any time，是介词短语；"而非"译为instead of，后接动词时用动名词形式；"盲目行事"译为take action blindly。
故填：Stay calm at any time instead of taking action blindly.
【点评】考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意进行翻译，使句意更通顺。
18．（2025 松江区一模）天气不好，孩子们心心念念的露天音乐会只能推迟两周举行。（Due to…） Due to the bad weather，the open﹣air concert which the children are looking forward to has to be put off for two weeks.
【答案】Due to the bad weather，the open﹣air concert which the children are looking forward to has to be put off for two weeks.
【分析】天气不好，孩子们心心念念的露天音乐会只能推迟两周举行。
【解答】"天气不好"译为Due to the bad weather；"孩子们心心念念的露天音乐会"译为the open﹣air concert which the children are looking forward to，用定语从句修饰the open﹣air concert；"只能推迟两周举行"译为has to be put off for two weeks。
故填：Due to the bad weather，the open﹣air concert which the children are looking forward to has to be put off for two weeks.
【点评】考查句子的翻译，要熟记单词的汉语意思，并结合题目要求写出正确的句子。
19．（2024 青浦区一模）除了推出智能电子产品外，这个公司与客户深化合作，探索数字化转型和可持续发展的道路。 （launch） In addition to launching smart electronic products，the company is deepening cooperation with customers to explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development.
【答案】In addition to launching smart electronic products，the company is deepening cooperation with customers to explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development.
【分析】除了推出智能电子产品外，这个公司与客户深化合作，探索数字化转型和可持续发展的道路。
【解答】根据语境可知，句子是在描述正在发生的事情，应用现在进行时；"除了……外"译为in addition to，"推出智能电子产品"译为launch smart electronic products，结合前文in addition to可知，动词应用动名词形式，"这个公司"译为the company，"与客户深化合作"译为deepen cooperation with customers，主语the company为单数，be动词应用is，"探索数字化转型和可持续发展的道路"译为explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development，在句中作目的状语，其前加to，因此整句话翻译为In addition to launching smart electronic products，the company is deepening cooperation with customers to explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development.
故答案为：In addition to launching smart electronic products，the company is deepening cooperation with customers to explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，组合成正确的句子。
20．（2024 奉贤区一模）出乎所有人的预料，这个年仅 8岁的小男孩在竞赛中对答如流，赢得了所有在场观众们如雷般的掌声。（which） （汉译英） Out of/Beyond all the people's expectations，the eight﹣year﹣old boy answered all the questions fluently in the competition，which won the loud/thunderous applause from all the audience present.
【答案】Out of/Beyond all the people's expectations，the eight﹣year﹣old boy answered all the questions fluently in the competition，which won the loud/thunderous applause from all the audience present.
【分析】出乎所有人的预料，这个年仅 8岁的小男孩在竞赛中对答如流，赢得了所有在场观众们如雷般的掌声。
【解答】表示"出乎所有人的预料"应用out of/beyond all the people's expectations；"这个年仅 8岁的小男孩"翻译为the eight﹣year﹣old boy，为句子主语；表示"对答如流"应用answer all the questions fluently，是谓语和宾语部分，结合语境可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时；表示"在竞赛中"短语为in the competition；故主句部分翻译为：Out of/Beyond all the people's expectations，the eight﹣year﹣old boy answered all the questions fluently in the competition，其后跟which引导的非限制性定语从句，其中which指代主句的内容；表示"赢得了所有在场观众们如雷般的掌声"翻译为win the loud/thunderous applause from all the audience present，句子是在描述过去发生的事，从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时。
故翻译为：Out of/Beyond all the people's expectations，the eight﹣year﹣old boy answered all the questions fluently in the competition，which won the loud/thunderous applause from all the audience present.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，组合成正确的句子。
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