【高考押题卷】2025年高考英语二轮复习提高卷 定语从句(含答案与解析)

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名称 【高考押题卷】2025年高考英语二轮复习提高卷 定语从句(含答案与解析)
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2025年高考英语二轮复习提高卷 定语从句
一.选择题(共14小题)
1.(2024 罗湖区校级模拟)Nowadays,people prefer the way technology simplifies online shopping processes,but it personal data security concerns.(  )
A.which;features B.which;competes
C.that;complicates D.that;reduces
2.(2024 全国模拟)We live in this society now __________ literally someone is always helping.(  )
A.when B.where C.that D.what
3.(2023 河东区一模)I'd like to live somewhere ______ the sun shines all year long.(  )
A.which B.that C.where D.in which
4.(2024 未央区校级模拟)The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen,________ customers' comments on the month's best﹣seller were being displayed.(  )
A.where B.whose
C.which D.through which
5.(2024 和平区模拟)In August,radioactive wastewater from Japan was released into the Pacific Ocean,______effects people are still suffering.(  )
A.from which B.in which
C. from whose D.in whose
6.(2024 北辰区校级模拟)—What do you think of teaching,Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging.It is a job ______ you are doing something serious but interesting.(  )
A.when B.which C.where D.that
7.(2024 河西区校级模拟)I will never forget the scene_____ you saw me off in tears at the station.(  )
A.which B.why C.when D.where
8.(2024 河东区模拟)The orange farm __________ we will visit tomorrow morning also sells chocolates, available in a few varieties.(  )
A.where B.when C.which D.whom
9.(2024 和平区二模)Our defeat, some players blame themselves,was caused by bad luck.(  )
A.for what B.for which C.to whom D.on which
10.(2024 泰安一模)Every student likes the woman teacher_________ temper is very gentle.(  )
A.who B.whose C.that D.whom
11.(2024 南开区一模)Hate and anger are felt only for those we care deeply.(  )
A.for which B.with which
C.for whom D.with whom
12.(2024 天津一模)Liu Cixin has written many scientific fiction books,some of ________ have been translated into other languages.(  )
A.them B.that C.which D.what
13.(2024 天津一模)Despite some difficulties,there are special moments make it worthwhile for moms to take care of children at home.(  )
A.when B.where C.which D.what
14.(2024 红桥区一模)An interviewee should be good at grasping every opportunity _____he is supposed to show his best self to others.(  )
A.when B.where C.that D.which
二.翻译题(共6小题)
15.(2024 兴化市校级模拟)中国书法是其中提供给对传统艺术感兴趣学生的选修课程之一。(定语从句)
   
16.(2023 浦东新区二模)这位来自奥地利艺术学院的油画家近期会在上海举办个人作品展,将呈现给参观者一场视觉盛宴。(which ) (汉译英)    
17.(2023 嘉定区二模)他是个出尔反尔的人,你难道没看出来吗?(whose) (汉译英)    
18.(2023 静安区二模)这种起源于广西的美食,以浓烈的特殊气味为特色,但令人吃惊的是,它的整个产业链竟能提供超过25万个就业岗位。(feature) (汉译英)    
19.(2023 奉贤区二模)中国饮食享有色、香、味俱佳且花样繁多的盛誉,吸引了世界各地的食客。(reputation) (汉译英)    
20.(2023 普陀区二模)《春晓》是唐代诗人孟浩然所作,语言平易浅近,抒发了诗人热爱春天、珍惜春光的美好心情。(whose) (汉译英)    
2025年高考英语二轮复习提高卷 定语从句
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共14小题)
1.(2024 罗湖区校级模拟)Nowadays,people prefer the way technology simplifies online shopping processes,but it personal data security concerns.(  )
A.which;features B.which;competes
C.that;complicates D.that;reduces
【答案】C
【分析】如今,人们更喜欢技术简化网上购物过程的方式,但它使个人数据安全问题复杂化。
【解答】A.features使突出;B.competes比赛;C.complicates使复杂化;D.reduces减少。第一空定语从句修饰先行词way,可用that、in which或不填;第二空根据上文but表示转折,说明技术简化网上购物过程的方式,但是使个人数据安全问题复杂化。
故选:C。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
2.(2024 全国模拟)We live in this society now __________ literally someone is always helping.(  )
A.when B.where C.that D.what
【答案】B
【分析】我们现在生活在一个确实有人总在帮忙的社会里.
【解答】答案:B.本题考查定语从句.先行词是society,从句中缺少状语,因此用where来引导定语从句.故选:B.
【点评】处理定语从句题目时,首先要准确判断从句类型,然后根据从句中缺少的成分,结合先行词,得出正确答案.
3.(2023 河东区一模)I'd like to live somewhere ______ the sun shines all year long.(  )
A.which B.that C.where D.in which
【答案】C
【分析】我喜欢住一年四季都有阳光的地方。
【解答】考查定语从句。句意:我喜欢住一年四季都有阳光的地方。分析句子可知,此处引导定语从句,先行词为somewhere,在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词为where。
故选:C。
【点评】考查定语从句关键把握正确的关系词,学生要有扎实的语法知识基础,分析句子,选择正确的关系词。
4.(2024 未央区校级模拟)The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen,________ customers' comments on the month's best﹣seller were being displayed.(  )
A.where B.whose
C.which D.through which
【答案】A
【分析】角落里的大木板已经被一个大屏幕所取代,上面显示着顾客对当月畅销书的评论。
【解答】分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,从句主干成分完整,从句是对先行词a big screen作补充说明,先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where作引导词。
故选A。
【点评】分析句子成分和结构,判断句子类型,如果是定语从句,找准先行词,判断先行词在定语从句中所作的成分,从而确定合适的关系词。
5.(2024 和平区模拟)In August,radioactive wastewater from Japan was released into the Pacific Ocean,______effects people are still suffering.(  )
A.from which B.in which
C. from whose D.in whose
【答案】C
【分析】8月,日本的放射性废水被排放到太平洋,人们仍在遭受其影响。
【解答】分析句子成分可知此空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是radioactive wastewater,定语从句中缺少介词from和radioactive wastewater's,用from+whose引导定语从句。
故选:C。
【点评】当关系词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,我们通常可以用"介词+关系词"来引导定语从句。如果指人,用whom,如果指物,用which(不能用that或who代替)。介词的选择取决于它与先行词的搭配或与从句中谓语动词的搭配。
6.(2024 北辰区校级模拟)—What do you think of teaching,Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging.It is a job ______ you are doing something serious but interesting.(  )
A.when B.which C.where D.that
【答案】C
【分析】﹣﹣你认为教学怎么样,Bob?
﹣﹣我觉得教学有趣又有挑战性。这是一份让你能做严肃但有趣事情的工作。
【解答】本题考查定语从句;本题定语从句的先行词是a job,把先行词a job带入到定语从句,完整的定语从句是"you are doing something serious but interesting in the job";可见in the job在从句中充当地点状语,故使用关系副词where。
故选:C。
【点评】选择定语从句中的关系词,首先要理解各关系词的用法;然后找准先行词,将先行词带入到定语从句;最后根据先行词在定语从句中的作用判断关系词。
7.(2024 河西区校级模拟)I will never forget the scene_____ you saw me off in tears at the station.(  )
A.which B.why C.when D.where
【答案】D
【分析】我永远不会忘记你在车站为我送行时流泪的情景。
【解答】分析句子,_____ you saw me off in tears at the station为定语从句,the scene为先行词,在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导。
故选:D。
【点评】考查定语从句关键把握正确的关系词,学生要有扎实的语法知识基础,分析句子,选择正确的关系词。
8.(2024 河东区模拟)The orange farm __________ we will visit tomorrow morning also sells chocolates, available in a few varieties.(  )
A.where B.when C.which D.whom
【答案】C
【分析】明天早上我们要去的橘子农场也卖巧克力,有几种品种可供选择.
【解答】答案:C,考查定语从句,先行词为地点名词,在定语从句中作宾语,所以用that或which引导,
故选:C.
【点评】做定语从句题时:我们可先将不是关系代词或关系副词的选项去掉,然后采用"代入原则"并同时结合定语从句的关系词之间的相关区别来进行解题.所谓"代入原则"就是试着把先行词即被定语从句修饰限制的那个词放进从句中,能直接代入的就用关系代词(不包括whose),不能直接代入的可能有三种情况,要么用关系副词,要么用介词加关系代词which或whom,要么就用关系代词whose.
9.(2024 和平区二模)Our defeat, some players blame themselves,was caused by bad luck.(  )
A.for what B.for which C.to whom D.on which
【答案】B
【分析】我们的失败是运气不好造成的,一些球员对此感到自责。
【解答】分析句子成分可知这句话使用非限制性定语从句,先行词是our defeat,定语从句中blame sb.for sth.意为"将某事归咎于某人",用for which引导定语从句。
故选:B。
【点评】当关系词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,我们通常可以用"介词+关系词"来引导定语从句。如果指人,用whom,如果指物,用which(不能用that或who代替)。介词的选择取决于它与先行词的搭配或与从句中谓语动词的搭配。
10.(2024 泰安一模)Every student likes the woman teacher_________ temper is very gentle.(  )
A.who B.whose C.that D.whom
【答案】B
【分析】每个学生都喜欢这位女老师,她的脾气很温柔.
【解答】分析句子的结构可知,划线处后面的内容为一个定语的成分,是对the woman teacher的修饰,而the woman teacher和temper之间为一种所属关系,所以使用关系代词whose来引导该定语从句.
故选:B.
【点评】定语从句又称为形容词性从句,综观历年高考试题,我们可以发现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点,解定语从句的题目首先要知道哪一句是主句,哪一句是从句,被修饰的词是谁,从句中的句子成分缺失什么,根据缺失成分的不同从而选出相对应的关系代词或者关系副词,从而选出正确的答案,解题的关键是从句句子的成分分析.
11.(2024 南开区一模)Hate and anger are felt only for those we care deeply.(  )
A.for which B.with which
C.for whom D.with whom
【答案】C
【分析】仇恨和愤怒只会发生在我们深切关心的人身上。
【解答】分析句子可知横线处为"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句,因为care for"关心"是固定用法,所以介词用for,定语从句的先行词为those,指人,在定语从句中作宾语,所以关系代词用whom。
故选:C。
【点评】分析句子结构,确定句子类型,根据先行词及动词短语确定定语从句的介词和关系代词。
12.(2024 天津一模)Liu Cixin has written many scientific fiction books,some of ________ have been translated into other languages.(  )
A.them B.that C.which D.what
【答案】C
【分析】刘慈欣写了好多科幻小说,其中一些已被翻译成其他语言。
【解答】题干中句子主干是逗号前面的句子Liu Cixin has written many scientific fiction books,逗号后some of ________ have been translated into other languages非限制性定语从句修饰前面的many scientific fiction books,指物,在定语从句中作of的宾语,用which引导非限制性定语从句。
故选:C。
【点评】非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用,在句子中不充当成分,缺少也不会影响全句的理解,它与主句往往用逗号隔开。关系代词which可以引导非限制性定语从句,其用法如下:指代主句中的名词、形容词、短语、从句等,在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。
13.(2024 天津一模)Despite some difficulties,there are special moments make it worthwhile for moms to take care of children at home.(  )
A.when B.where C.which D.what
【答案】C
【分析】尽管有一些困难,但在一些特殊的时刻,让妈妈在家里照顾孩子是值得的.
【解答】分析句子这是一个定语从句,先行词是special moments,从句缺主语,排除ABD(when在从句中时间状语从句;where在从句中做地点状语;what不引导定语从句),
故选:C.
【点评】对于定语从句的解题方法,首先确定先行词是指人还是指物,再次分析从句句子成分,选择正确选项.
14.(2024 红桥区一模)An interviewee should be good at grasping every opportunity _____he is supposed to show his best self to others.(  )
A.when B.where C.that D.which
【答案】B
【分析】面试者应该善于抓住每一个他应该向别人展示自己的机会.
【解答】根据句意和结构可知这句话使用定语从句,先行词是every opportunity,从句中缺少抽象的地点状语,用where引导定语从句.
故选:B.
【点评】限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语.
二.翻译题(共6小题)
15.(2024 兴化市校级模拟)中国书法是其中提供给对传统艺术感兴趣学生的选修课程之一。(定语从句)
 Chinese Calligraphy is one of the many optional courses offered to students who are interested in traditional art. 
【答案】Chinese Calligraphy is one of the many optional courses offered to students who are interested in traditional art.
【分析】中国书法是其中提供给对传统艺术感兴趣学生的选修课程之一。
【解答】表示"中国书法"应用Chinese Calligraphy作主语;表示"……之一"短语为be one of+复数名词;表示"选修课程"为optional course,由many修饰用复数;表示"提供"应用offer to,后跟复数名词students;后跟who 引导的定语从句;表示"感兴趣"短语为be interested in;表示"传统艺术"短语为traditional art。陈述事实用一般现在时。
故填:Chinese Calligraphy is one of the many optional courses offered to students who are interested in traditional art.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意汉英之间的差异,汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意进行翻译,使句意更通顺。
16.(2023 浦东新区二模)这位来自奥地利艺术学院的油画家近期会在上海举办个人作品展,将呈现给参观者一场视觉盛宴。(which ) (汉译英)  The oil painter from the Austrian Academy of Arts will hold an exhibition of his works in Shanghai soon,which will give visitors a visual feast. 
【答案】The oil painter from the Austrian Academy of Arts will hold an exhibition of his works in Shanghai soon,which will give visitors a visual feast.
【分析】这位来自奥地利艺术学院的油画家近期会在上海举办个人作品展,将呈现给参观者一场视觉盛宴。
【解答】"油画家"译为名词短语oil painter,表示特指,其前加定冠词,在句中作主语,"来自奥地利艺术学院"译为介词短语from the Austrian Academy of Arts,作定语修饰oil painter,"举办"使用动词hold,作主句谓语动词;"个人作品展"译为an exhibition of his works,"近期"使用副词soon,"将呈现给参观者一场视觉盛宴"译为一个非限制性定语,修饰先行词exhibition,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which,"呈现给"使用动词give,"参观者"使用可数名词复数visitors,"一场视觉盛宴"译为a visual feast,结合句意可知句子用一般将来时。
故填:The oil painter from the Austrian Academy of Arts will hold an exhibition of his works in Shanghai soon,which will give visitors a visual feast.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词、短语和句式。
17.(2023 嘉定区二模)他是个出尔反尔的人,你难道没看出来吗?(whose) (汉译英)  Don't you see he is a man whose words contradict themselves? 
【答案】Don't you see he is a man whose words contradict themselves?
【分析】他是个出尔反尔的人,你难道没看出来吗?
【解答】句子是描述一个事实,应用一般现在时,"你难道没看出来吗"是反问句,译为"don't you...?","看出来"使用动词see,"他是个出尔反尔的人"译为一个宾语从句he is a man whose words contradict themselves,作动词see的宾语,其中whose引导定语从句,修饰先行词man,宾语从句结构、意义完整,应用that引导,that可省略。
故填:Don't you see he is a man whose words contradict themselves?
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语。
18.(2023 静安区二模)这种起源于广西的美食,以浓烈的特殊气味为特色,但令人吃惊的是,它的整个产业链竟能提供超过25万个就业岗位。(feature) (汉译英)  The fine food,which originated from Guangxi,features a strong unique smell,but to our surprise,its whole industrial chain should provide over 250,000 jobs. 
【答案】The fine food,which originated from Guangxi,features a strong unique smell,but to our surprise,its whole industrial chain should provide over 250,000 jobs.
【分析】这种起源于广西的美食,以浓烈的特殊气味为特色,但令人吃惊的是,它的整个产业链竟能提供超过25万个就业岗位。
【解答】"美食"是The fine food,"这种起源于广西的"用which引导定语从句,时态用一般过去时,"起源于"是originated from,"广西"是Guangxi,"以……为特色"是feature,时态用一般现在时,描述客观事实,"浓烈的特殊气味"是a strong unique smell,"但令人吃惊的是"是but to our surprise,"它的整个产业链"是its whole industrial chain,"竟能"是should,其后跟动词原形,"提供"是provide,"超过25万个就业岗位"是over 250,000 jobs。
故填:The fine food,which originated from Guangxi,features a strong unique smell,but to our surprise,its whole industrial chain should provide over 250,000 jobs.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词、短语和句式。
19.(2023 奉贤区二模)中国饮食享有色、香、味俱佳且花样繁多的盛誉,吸引了世界各地的食客。(reputation) (汉译英)  Chinese cuisine/diet/food enjoys the reputation for its color,scent/aroma,taste and wide variety/diversity,which attracts people around the world. 
【答案】Chinese cuisine/diet/food enjoys the reputation for its color,scent/aroma,taste and wide variety/diversity,which attracts people around the world.
【分析】中国饮食享有色、香、味俱佳且花样繁多的盛誉,吸引了世界各地的食客。
【解答】"中国饮食"翻译为Chinese cuisine/diet/food;"享有盛誉"翻译为enjoys the reputation for;"色香味俱佳"翻译为its color,scent/aroma,taste;"花样繁多"翻译为wide variety/diversity;"吸引了世界各地的食客"翻译为attracts people around the world。分析句子结构可知,此句可用非限制性定语从句引导。
故填:Chinese cuisine/diet/food enjoys the reputation for its color,scent/aroma,taste and wide variety/diversity,which attracts people around the world.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语。
20.(2023 普陀区二模)《春晓》是唐代诗人孟浩然所作,语言平易浅近,抒发了诗人热爱春天、珍惜春光的美好心情。(whose) (汉译英)  "Spring Dawn" was written in the Tang Dynasty by the poet named Meng Haoran,whose poem was characterized by the use of simple language and expressions to show his love and appreciation for spring. 
【答案】"Spring Dawn" was written in the Tang Dynasty by the poet named Meng Haoran,whose poem was characterized by the use of simple language and expressions to show his love and appreciation for spring.
【分析】《春晓》是唐代诗人孟浩然所作,语言平易浅近,抒发了诗人热爱春天、珍惜春光的美好心情。
【解答】"《春晓》是唐代诗人孟浩然所作"的英文表达是"Spring Dawn was written in the Tang Dynasty by the poet named Meng Haoran,"其中谓语动词是一般过去时的被动语态was written,过去分词named是后置定语;"语言平易浅近"的英文表达是whose poem was characterized by the use of simple language,其中Meng Haoran作先行词,在后面的非限制性定语从句中作定语,从句由关系代词whose引导(在从句中作定语),从句的谓语动词是一般过去时的被动语态was characterized by(以……为特征);"抒发了诗人热爱春天、珍惜春光的美好心情"的英文表达是expressions to show his love and appreciation for spring,其中动词不定式作后置定语,由and连接the use of simple language和expressions并列作by的宾语。
故填:"Spring Dawn" was written in the Tang Dynasty by the poet named Meng Haoran,whose poem was characterized by the use of simple language and expressions to show his love and appreciation for spring.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语。
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