2025年高考英语二轮复习提高卷 动词词义辨析
一.选择题(共15小题)
1.(2024 科尔沁区校级模拟)Because of pollution,this lake is now too harmful to fish.( )
A.suppose B.transport C.suggest D.support
2.(2024 科尔沁区校级模拟)They many happy hours along the beach during that holiday.( )
A.spend;walking B.spent;walking
C.cost;walking D.gave;walking
3.(2024 全国模拟)Tom's comments on this issue are confusing because they appear to ______the remarks on the same issue made earlier by him.( )
A.violate B.induce
C.clarify D.contradict
4.(2024 和平区校级二模)While choosing your major,you need to your strengths and follow your heart.( )
A.identify B.expand C.advocate D.suit
5.(2024 罗湖区校级模拟)The population explosion, from mass migration movements,has led to additional social stresses and worries.( )
A.arising B.arousing C.raising D.rising
6.(2023 红桥区模拟)Busy as the man is,he______every weekend to staying with his wife and children.( )
A.picks B.spends C.devotes D.takes
7.(2023 南开区模拟)Being a college professor ______you the opportunity simply to write and do research.( )
A.liberates B.affords
C.occupies D.facilitates
8.(2023 东丽区校级模拟)The witness statements _________ each other,so it is difficult for the police to find out the truth of the crime.( )
A.acknowledge B.criticize
C.identify D.contradict
9.(2023 河东区一模)As is known to all,one way for people to prevent COVID﹣19 is to open the windows to allow the air to________.( )
A.calculate B.circulate
C.investigate D.accelerate
10.(2023 红桥区一模)—Where do Dr.Smith and his assistant come from?
—I'm not sure.but their English _______ Australia.( )
A.shows B.sounds C.suggests D.means
11.(2024 罗湖区校级模拟)Recent research lots of evidence to the drug company's claims about its "miracle" tablets for curing cancer.( )
A.found;prohibit B.found;convert
C.has found;expose D.has found;counter
12.(2024 虹口区校级模拟)The conventional wisdom is that a boy often more slowly than a girl.( )
A.matures B.paces C.acquires D.composes
13.(2024 天津模拟)Due to Huawei's latest product Mate X5 which was in September 2023,Huawei took a leading role on China Market Foldable Smartphone Brand Sales Ranking.( )
A.launched B.landed C.installed D.informed
14.(2024 南开区模拟) The negotiations have been ______ in a positive manner.( )
A.digested B.blocked C.conducted D.narrowed
15.(2024 南开区模拟)The Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone is the only free trade zone in northern China.The zone was to be established in 1991 by State Council( )
A.informed B.advertised
C.announced D.approved
二.翻译题(共5小题)
16.(2025 上海一模)对于失业者来说,重要的是保持积极的心态,不断学习,提升自己在就业市场上的竞争力。(matter) (汉译英)
17.(2024 青浦区一模)AI已经慢慢融入创造性艺术,让生活充满惊喜。 (integrate) (汉译英)
18.(2025 静安区一模)如果准新娘们认为婚纱是重中之重,那只能削减其它项的开支以防婚礼预算超支。(cut)
19.(2025 嘉定区一模)这位外国记者说,作为一个曾长期在沪居住的外国人,回到上海就有到家的感觉。(feel)
20.(2025 嘉定区一模)她将中国深厚的传统文化与西方古典音乐的作曲与演奏技法融为一体,赋予音乐全新的生命和表现力。(combine)
2025年高考英语二轮复习提高卷 动词词义辨析
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共15小题)
1.(2024 科尔沁区校级模拟)Because of pollution,this lake is now too harmful to fish.( )
A.suppose B.transport C.suggest D.support
【答案】D
【分析】由于污染,这个湖现在太有害了,无法养活鱼。
【解答】A.suppose假定,设想;B.transport运输;C.suggest建议;D.support养活,维持。根据"this lake"和"fish"可推知,support"养活,维持"符合题意,表示湖因为有害无法养活鱼。
故选:D。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词的词义,准确地翻译句子及备选答案,然后选择最符合题意的选项。
2.(2024 科尔沁区校级模拟)They many happy hours along the beach during that holiday.( )
A.spend;walking B.spent;walking
C.cost;walking D.gave;walking
【答案】B
【分析】在那个假期里,他们沿着海滩散步,度过了许多快乐的时光。
【解答】分析句子可知,根据第一个空格后的many happy hours可知,空格处表示"花费时间做某事",且主语是人,应该用动词spend,由时间状语during that holiday可知,描述过去发生的事,用一般过去时;"花费时间做某事"为spend time (in) doing something,第二个空格处用动名词作宾语。
故选:B。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析,弄清楚各个动词的含义并区别各个动词之间的差异,了解某些动词的特殊用法,并分析句中非谓语与其逻辑主语之间的关系。然后结合语境选择正确答案。
3.(2024 全国模拟)Tom's comments on this issue are confusing because they appear to ______the remarks on the same issue made earlier by him.( )
A.violate B.induce
C.clarify D.contradict
【答案】D
【分析】汤姆对这件事的评论是令人困惑的,因为它们似乎是他之前对相同问题的评论的否定.
【解答】考查动词词义辨析.violate违反;induce引起;clarify阐明;contradict否定.根据句意:D项正确.
故选:D.
【点评】考查动词词义辨析.弄清楚各个动词的词义,准确地翻译句子及备选答案,然后选择最符合题意的选项.
4.(2024 和平区校级二模)While choosing your major,you need to your strengths and follow your heart.( )
A.identify B.expand C.advocate D.suit
【答案】D
【分析】在选择专业的时候,你需要适应你的长处,跟随你的心。
【解答】A.identify识别;B.expand扩大;C.advocate 主张;D.suit适合。结合句意,在选择专业的时候,你需要适应你的长处,跟随你的心。D符合语意。
故选:D。
【点评】考查动词。平时多积累动词的用法,做题时,结合语意和选项,选择合适的动词。
5.(2024 罗湖区校级模拟)The population explosion, from mass migration movements,has led to additional social stresses and worries.( )
A.arising B.arousing C.raising D.rising
【答案】A
【分析】由于大规模移徙而引起的人口爆炸导致了更多的社会压力和忧虑。
【解答】A.arising由……引出;B.arousing激起;C.raising提升,举起;D.rising上升,攀升。根据句意和空格后的from可知,此处考查固定短语arise from"由……引起,起源于……"。
故选:A。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词的词义,准确地翻译句子及备选答案,然后选择最符合题意的选项。
6.(2023 红桥区模拟)Busy as the man is,he______every weekend to staying with his wife and children.( )
A.picks B.spends C.devotes D.takes
【答案】C
【分析】尽管这个男人很忙,但他每个周末都和妻子孩子呆在一起。
【解答】A.picks捡起;B.spends花费;C.devotes致力于;D.takes带走。根据后文"every weekend to staying with his wife and children"可知为短语devote to doing sth.表示"致力于"。
故选:C。
【点评】解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别,再联系句意进行判断,从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题型,要分析句子结构,理解句意,考虑语境,选择恰当词。切忌:粗心大意,惯性判断。要注意细心分析验证,得出答案。
7.(2023 南开区模拟)Being a college professor ______you the opportunity simply to write and do research.( )
A.liberates B.affords
C.occupies D.facilitates
【答案】B
【分析】作为一名大学教授,你就有机会写作和做研究。
【解答】A.liberates解放;B.affords提供,给予;C.occupies占领;D.facilitates促进。根据句意"作为一名大学教授,你就有机会写作和做研究。"空处意思应该是"提供,给予",B项正确。
故选:B。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词的词义,准确地翻译句子及备选答案,然后选择最符合题意的选项。
8.(2023 东丽区校级模拟)The witness statements _________ each other,so it is difficult for the police to find out the truth of the crime.( )
A.acknowledge B.criticize
C.identify D.contradict
【答案】D
【分析】证人的陈述相互矛盾,因此警察很难查明犯罪的真相。
【解答】考查动词辨析。句意:证人的陈述相互矛盾,因此警察很难查明犯罪的真相。A.acknowledge承认;B.criticize批评;C.identify确认;D.contradict相矛盾。根据"so it is difficult for the police to find out the truth of the crime"可知,此处指"证人的陈述相互矛盾"。contradict"相矛盾"符合语境。
故选:D。
【点评】考查动词,弄清楚各个动词的含义并区别各个动词之间的差异,然后结合语境选择正确答案。
9.(2023 河东区一模)As is known to all,one way for people to prevent COVID﹣19 is to open the windows to allow the air to________.( )
A.calculate B.circulate
C.investigate D.accelerate
【答案】B
【分析】众所周知,人们预防新冠肺炎的一种方法是打开窗户,让空气流通。
【解答】考查动词辨析。A.calculate计算;B.circulate循环;C.investigate调查;D.accelerate加速。根据上文"to open the windows"可知,此处表示开窗让空气循环(流通)。
故选:B。
【点评】考查动词,弄清楚各个动词的含义并区别各个动词之间的差异,然后结合语境选择正确答案。
10.(2023 红桥区一模)—Where do Dr.Smith and his assistant come from?
—I'm not sure.but their English _______ Australia.( )
A.shows B.sounds C.suggests D.means
【答案】C
【分析】——史密斯医生和他的助手来自哪里?——我不确定,但他们的英语使人想到澳大利亚。
【解答】考查动词辨析。句意:——史密斯医生和他的助手来自哪里?——我不确定,但他们的英语使人想到澳大利亚。A.shows展示;B.sounds听起来;C.suggests使想到;D.means意味着。根据"I'm not sure"可知,并不确定他们来自哪里,但是他们的英语使人想到澳大利亚,此处应用动词suggests,表示"使想到,表明"。
故选:C。
【点评】考查动词,弄清楚各个动词的含义并区别各个动词之间的差异,然后结合语境选择正确答案。
11.(2024 罗湖区校级模拟)Recent research lots of evidence to the drug company's claims about its "miracle" tablets for curing cancer.( )
A.found;prohibit B.found;convert
C.has found;expose D.has found;counter
【答案】D
【分析】最近的研究发现了许多证据来反驳该制药公司关于其"神奇"药片治疗癌症的说法。
【解答】A.prohibit禁止;B.convert改变;C.expose暴露;D.counter反驳。第一空根据上文表示过去的动作对现在产生影响,用现在完成时;第二空,根据后文"the drug company's claims about its "miracle" tablets for curing cancer"指反驳该制药公司关于其"神奇"药片治疗癌症的说法。
故选:D。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词的词义,准确地翻译句子及备选答案,然后选择最符合题意的选项。
12.(2024 虹口区校级模拟)The conventional wisdom is that a boy often more slowly than a girl.( )
A.matures B.paces C.acquires D.composes
【答案】A
【分析】传统观念认为男孩往往比女孩成熟得晚。
【解答】A.matures成熟;B.paces来回踱步;C.acquires获得;D.composes组成。根据下文more slowly than a girl可知,此处指"男孩往往比女孩成熟得晚"。
故选:A。
【点评】本题考查动词词义辨析,考生在平时的学习中应注意积累相应的词汇和搭配,并牢记其意思.在做题时,将词义和题干相结合,从语法、句子结构尤其是句意上去判断,句意通顺,符合逻辑,即正确答案。
13.(2024 天津模拟)Due to Huawei's latest product Mate X5 which was in September 2023,Huawei took a leading role on China Market Foldable Smartphone Brand Sales Ranking.( )
A.launched B.landed C.installed D.informed
【答案】A
【分析】由于华为于2023年9月推出的最新产品Mate X5,华为在中国市场可折叠智能手机品牌销售排名中占据领先地位。
【解答】A.launched推出,发射;B.landed降落,着陆;C.installed安装;D.informed通知。根据句意,华为最新产品Mate X5应该是被推出,故A项正确。
故选:A。
【点评】本题考查动词词义辨析。学生需要正确理解句意,根据关键词句判断空处表达的含义;掌握备选词汇的含义是解答本题的关键。
14.(2024 南开区模拟) The negotiations have been ______ in a positive manner.( )
A.digested B.blocked C.conducted D.narrowed
【答案】C
【分析】谈判已以积极的方式进行。
【解答】A.digested消化;B.blocked阻塞;C.conducted执行,实施;D.narrowed变窄。结合句意,谈判已以积极的方式进行。C符合语意。
故选:C。
【点评】考查动词。平时多积累动词的用法,做题时,结合语意和选项,选择合适的动词。
15.(2024 南开区模拟)The Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone is the only free trade zone in northern China.The zone was to be established in 1991 by State Council( )
A.informed B.advertised
C.announced D.approved
【答案】D
【分析】天津港自由贸易区是中国北方唯一的自由贸易区。1991年经国务院批准设立。
【解答】A.informed通知;B.advertised登广告;C.announced宣布;D.approved批准。根据句意"天津港自由贸易区是中国北方唯一的自由贸易区。1991年经国务院批准设立。"可知,空处应填"批准"。
故选:D。
【点评】本题考查动词词义辨析。学生需正确理解句意,根据关键词句判断空处表达的含义。掌握备选词汇的中文意思是解答本题的关键。
二.翻译题(共5小题)
16.(2025 上海一模)对于失业者来说,重要的是保持积极的心态,不断学习,提升自己在就业市场上的竞争力。(matter) (汉译英)
For the unemployed,what matters is to keep a positive attitude and keep learning to improve their competitiveness in the job market.
【答案】For the unemployed,what matters is to keep a positive attitude and keep learning to improve their competitiveness in the job market.
【分析】对于失业者来说,重要的是保持积极的心态,不断学习,提升自己在就业市场上的竞争力。
【解答】"对于失业者来说"译为for the unemployed,此处the+形容词表示一类人;"重要的"可以表述为主语从句,句子陈述事实为一般现在时,从句缺少主语,指物应用what,"重要"译为动词matter,即what matters;主语从句作主语,be动词用单数is;说明主语的内容,用不定式作表语;"保持积极的心态"译为keep a positive attitude;"不断学习"译为keep learning,用and连接两个并列的短语;"提升自己在就业市场上的竞争力"译为不定式短语作目的状语,即:to improve their competitiveness in the job market。
故填:For the unemployed,what matters is to keep a positive attitude and keep learning to improve their competitiveness in the job market.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意汉英之间的差异,汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意进行翻译,使句意更通顺。
17.(2024 青浦区一模)AI已经慢慢融入创造性艺术,让生活充满惊喜。 (integrate) (汉译英)
AI has gradually been integrated into creative arts,filling life with a delightful surprise./AI has gradually been integrated into creative arts,which fills life with delightful surprises.
【答案】AI has gradually been integrated into creative arts,filling life with a delightful surprise./AI has gradually been integrated into creative arts,which fills life with delightful surprises.
【分析】AI已经慢慢融入创造性艺术,让生活充满惊喜。
【解答】根据汉语提示中的"已经"可知,句子应该用现在完成时,"慢慢"翻译为gradually;"融入……"用动词短语integrate into表示,作谓语,主语AI与integrate构成被动关系,用被动语态;"创造性艺术"翻译为creative arts,作宾语;"AI已经慢慢融入创造性艺术"翻译为AI has gradually been integrated into creative arts;"让生活充满惊喜"翻译为fill life with a delightful surprise/delightful surprises,动词fill应该用非谓语形式作状语,与上文的内容之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词filling作状语。"让生活充满惊喜"也可以用定语从句表示,对上文的内容进行补充说明,所以应该用关系代词which代替上文的内容在从句中作主语。
故翻译为:AI has gradually been integrated into creative arts,filling life with a delightful surprise./AI has gradually been integrated into creative arts,which fills life with delightful surprises.
【点评】汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语,按照适当的语序来翻译。
18.(2025 静安区一模)如果准新娘们认为婚纱是重中之重,那只能削减其它项的开支以防婚礼预算超支。(cut) If the brides﹣to﹣be think that the wedding dress is the top priority,they have to cut expense on other items to avoid overspending the wedding budget.
【答案】If the brides﹣to﹣be think that the wedding dress is the top priority,they have to cut expense on other items to avoid overspending the wedding budget.
【分析】如果准新娘们认为婚纱是重中之重,那只能削减其它项的开支以防婚礼预算超支。
【解答】根据句意可知使用if引导的条件状语从句;从句"如果准新娘们认为婚纱是重中之重"译为If the brides﹣to﹣be think that the wedding dress is the top priority,brides﹣to﹣be"准新娘们",the top priority"重中之重";主句"那只能削减其它项的开支以防婚礼预算超支"译为they have to cut expense on other items to avoid overspending the wedding budget,cut"削减"。
故填:If the brides﹣to﹣be think that the wedding dress is the top priority,they have to cut expense on other items to avoid overspending the wedding budget.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、词汇和语法知识,来选择合适的单词或者短语,组合成正确的句子。
19.(2025 嘉定区一模)这位外国记者说,作为一个曾长期在沪居住的外国人,回到上海就有到家的感觉。(feel) The foreign reporter said that as a foreigner who has lived in Shanghai for a long time,returning to Shanghai gives him a feeling of being at home.
【答案】The foreign reporter said that as a foreigner who has lived in Shanghai for a long time,returning to Shanghai gives him a feeling of being at home.
【分析】这位外国记者说,作为一个曾长期在沪居住的外国人,回到上海就有到家的感觉。
【解答】这句话的主语是the foreign reporter"外国记者",谓语用say过去式said,that引导的宾语从句,从句中as a foreigner"作为一个外国人",who引导的是限制性定语从句,修饰a foreigner,谓语用现在完成时has lived和for a long time搭配,地点状语是in Shanghai;主语是动名词returning to Shanghai"回到上海",谓语用第三人称单数gives,宾语him,a feeling of being at home"在家的感觉"。
故翻译为:The foreign reporter said that as a foreigner who has lived in Shanghai for a long time,returning to Shanghai gives him a feeling of being at home.
【点评】汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语,按照适当的语序来翻译。
20.(2025 嘉定区一模)她将中国深厚的传统文化与西方古典音乐的作曲与演奏技法融为一体,赋予音乐全新的生命和表现力。(combine) She combined China's profound traditional culture with Western classical music composition and performance techniques,giving music a new life and expressiveness.
【答案】She combined China's profound traditional culture with Western classical music composition and performance techniques,giving music a new life and expressiveness.
【分析】她将中国深厚的传统文化与西方古典音乐的作曲与演奏技法融为一体,赋予音乐全新的生命和表现力。
【解答】这句话的主语是She,谓语使用短语"combine ...with ..."表示"将...与...融为一体",描述过去的事情,用一般过去时,宾语是China's profound traditional culture(中国深厚的传统文化),Western classical music's composing and performance techniques(西方古典音乐的作曲与演奏技法),现在分词短语giving music a whole new life and expressive force作结果状语,表示这一融合的结果是给音乐带来了全新的生命和表现力。
故翻译为:She combined China's profound traditional culture with Western classical music composition and performance techniques,giving music a new life and expressiveness.
【点评】汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语,按照适当的语序来翻译。
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