期末达标测试卷（含答案解析）-2024-2025学年英语八年级下册外研版
文档属性
| 名称 | 期末达标测试卷（含答案解析）-2024-2025学年英语八年级下册外研版 |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-05-17 08:48:39 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末达标测试卷-2024-2025学年英语八年级下册外研版
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、完形填空
My sister Lisa had autism (孤独症). It turned my parents’ world upside down. However, I knew 1 about it until the age of ten.www-2-1-cnjy-com
It was then that I started to notice my sister was different. I 2 to accept her as my sister in public. However, an event 3 how I viewed(看待) my sister. It changed me as well. 21*cnjy*com
One day, Lisa needed to have a 4 . However, as you can imagine, Lisa was the only one left 5 a group. “I’ll sing,” she told us in a low voice. How could my sister sing in front of the school Hearing that, I was completely 6 . “No!” I cried out. My parents shot me a look and that was when I knew my sister was going to perform, no matter what.
That day came. I sat in the hall, 7 the performance to start. Soon it was Lisa’s turn. It took her about a whole minute to stammer (结巴地说) her name. Seeing this, I could feel my face burning (燃烧) with 8 . How I wished I wasn’t there! After what seemed like ages, Lisa started to sing. To my great surprise, she sang so 9 , as if it came from the singing of an angel (天使). I have never imagined that Lisa had a talent for music.
Tears (眼泪) filled in my eyes as I listened. I felt 10 , for what I had done to her. It was then that I decided to love her, no matter how strangely she acted in public.
1．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
2．A．decided B．refused C．expected D．promised
3．A．suggested B．showed C．checked D．changed
4．A．performance B．journey C．job D．deal
5．A．for B．in C．without D．against
6．A．shocked B．interested C．relaxed D．bored
7．A．going over B．talking about C．waiting for D．dreaming of
8．A．shame B．peace C．surprise D．joy
9．A．strangely B．sweetly C．difficultly D．quickly
10．A．worried B．serious C．tired D．sorry
二、单项选择
11．—________ I hang out with my friends now, Mom
— No, you ________. You should go to finish your homework first.
A．Should; can’t B．Could; can’t C．Could; couldn’t D．Should; mustn’t
12．—Is Bob in control ________ this clothes store
—Yes. ________ our surprise, he really does a good job.
A．from; With B．with; From C．to; Of D．of; To
13．Thanks to Mr. Xu, I’ve made great ________ in English.
A．trouble B．illness C．decision D．progress
14．The policeman gave us a lot of ________ on how to keep out of danger whenever we are travelling alone.
A．advice B．suggestion C．notice D．example
15．The Science and Technology Museum is located ________ the centre of Shanghai.
A．in B．to C．on D．with
16．You don’t have to know the writer’s name to find a book. You ________ find it by the title.
A．must B．need C．can D．should
三、阅读理解
请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
People depend on plants. We use plants for food, cloth, shelter (住处), and even the air we breathe (呼吸).
Plants keep our air and water clean. Green plants give us oxygen (氧气). Oxygen is part of the air we breathe. Plants are also part of the water cycle (水循环). Most of the water that a plant takes in goes back into the air.
Plants give us a lot of the food on the earth. Fruits, vegetables, and grains (谷物) come from plants. Without plants, we would not have bread, rice, carrots, apples, oranges, or bananas! Many people are growing plants to eat in their own gardens at home. Having your own garden helps the earth as well. When you grow your own fruits and vegetables, you help cut down on pollution because big trucks don’t need to take your food to shops. You also help reduce the amount of rubbish because you don’t need to use bags for packing your food. You can just pick it out of the ground or off a plant and put it into a basket!
Trees are an important plant resource (资源). Trees provide wood to build frames and furniture. Trees are used to make lots of things around your home and at your school. And trees provide fruits that are good for you. Without trees, the earth would be a very different place.
17．________ is part of the air we breathe.
A．Sunlight B．Water C．Oxygen
18．What happens to most of the water that a plant takes in
A．It goes back into the air. B．It stays in the plant. C．It goes into the ground.
19．What does the phrase “cut down on” mean in Paragraph 5
A．cause. B．accept. C．reduce.
20．What is the best title of the passage
A．A Different Place B．The Uses of Plants C．Food on the Earth
21．You would find the passage in ________.
A．an interesting novel B．a book about animals C．a book about nature
请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The Himalaya Mountains are the largest in the world. They are over 2, 600 kilometers long from Pakistan in the west, to Namcha Barwa of Tibet in China in the east. They have the highest and most dangerous climbing peaks (峰顶) in the world. The most well-known ones are Mount Qomolangma (8, 844.43 meters) and the K2 (8,611 meters). People from all over the world come to Asia to try climbing these huge mountains.
Mount Qomolangma is close to Nepal and Tibet of China, and K2 separates the Xinjiang area in the northwest of China from Pakistan. The most difficult peak to climb is K2 not only because of its terrible rocks but also because of the dangerous weather there. The mountain is the tallest in the area and doesn’t have any protection from the wind and storms.
The mountains are not just for climbing. Three important rivers come from these mountains. The Indus River, the Gangabrahmaputra River and the Yangtze River all receive water from the snowy peaks of these mountains. The Yangtze River is the largest river in Asia and the third largest in the world. It runs to the east from the Himalayas out to the China Sea. The Himalayas are a reminder of the power and beauty of nature.21cnjy.com
22．Where is the east point of the Himalaya mountains
A．Pakistan. B．Namcha Barwa of Tibet. C．Mount Qomolangma.
23．What does the underlined word “separates” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．连接 B．分割 C．排列
24．Why is K2 the most difficult peak to climb
A．Because it makes climbers feel terrible and give up.
B．Because it has strongest wind and storms and no water.
C．Because it has many terrible rocks and dangerous weather.
25．What is the importance of the Himalaya Mountains
A．They are just for climbing.
B．They protect people from the danger.
C．They mean the power and beauty of nature.
26．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Himalayas. B．Qomolangma. C．K2.
Have you watched the recent TV Three-Body Changed by Liu Cixin’s science book The Three-Body Problem, the show is very popular with people. One of the most exciting parts must be Operation Guzheng.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
In order to find the important information on a huge ship, people plan to cut it into pieces. They set up many thin strings (线) across the river, which are made by high technology. Looking like Guzheng, the strings quietly cut the steel ship into pieces as if the ship was soft tofu!
Is it possible to cut ships with thin strings in real life In fact, strings are very good at cutting. For example, the egg cutting machine uses thin strings to cut eggs into pieces. A kite line can easily hurt people if it gets circle around their necks. This is because the thin strings have a very small contact area, leading to a high intensity of pressure (高强度的压力) when they cut things.
In the program, the strings are as thin as human hair. To cut the ship, the pressure needs to be 200 MPa. How strong is that pressure Imagine an elephant standing on a string! In real life, scientists won’t be able to make such thin strings that wouldn’t easily break, at least for years to come. The cutting will also create lots of heat. We don’t have the things to bear (忍耐) that high temperature while it’s also thin enough to cut through. It’s still far away from the technology in the program.
27．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 2
A．The important information. B．The thin string.
C．The science book. D．The huge ship.
28．How does the writer tell us “strings are very good at cutting” 2·1·c·n·j·y
A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories.
C．By showing numbers. D．By telling rules.
29．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 want to tell us
A．Cutting things creates lots of heat. B．People need strong pressure to cut ships.
C．Making thin strings is easy. D．People break strings with machines.
Why should you play sports You might say “to get exercise” and you’d be right. To have fun That’s true, too. But that’s not enough. In fact, there are at least five reasons according to the Women’s Sports Foundation, girls who play sports get a lot more than just health.
30 You might think that sports will take up all your study time. But research shows that girls who play sports do better in school than those who don’t. Exercise improves learning and memory. It can give active girls an advantage in class.
31 Sports teach valuable life skills. When working with coaches, trainers and teammates to win games and achieve goals, you are learning how to be successful. Those skills will serve you well at work and in family life.
32 In addition to being fit and keeping a healthy weight, girls who play sports are also less likely to smoke. And later in life, girls who exercise are less likely to get ill.
33 Girls who play sports feel better about themselves. Why It builds confidence when you know you can practice, improve, and achieve your goals. Sports are also feel-good activities because they help girls stay in shape, keep a healthy weight, and make new friends.
34 Playing sports can help you feel happier. How The brain chemicals are released (释放) during exercise. Friends are another mood-lifter. And being in a team creates tight bonds between friends. It’s good to know your teammates will support you—both on and off the field.
根据短文内容，从A—F中选择最佳标题。
A．Girls who play sports learn teamwork and goal-setting skills.21*cnjy*com
B．Girls who play sports can eat many kinds of foods.
C．Playing sports improves self-confidence.
D．Girls who play sports do better in school.
E．Exercise releases the pressure.
F．Sports are good for a girl’s health.
四、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
Do you think PE is less important than other subjects In fact, it is becoming more and more important in the senior high school entrance examination. This shows that the country is thinking more of the physical health of students. If you are good at PE, some universities will also prioritize (优先考虑) you. Here is some advice about how to exercise.
Do more physical exercise. As students, you need to take each PE class seriously. And I don’t think two PE classes a week is enough. You also need to play different kinds of sports at school. For example, you can play ping-pong with your classmates after class.
Outdoor activities are important. I run for an hour every day. I swim or play ball games at least once a week. What about you How often do you do them
It’s a good way for you to join a sports club. The teachers there will help you a lot. And you will make many good friends there with the same hobby.
Do you think exercise is only for good grades in examinations Of course not. As long as you usually do sports, you will be healthy and happy for a lifetime.
35．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)
It refers to .
36．Which English words in the passage mean “中考”
It’s “ ”.
37．How long does the writer run every day
The writer runs for every day.
38．How many pieces of advice about how to exercise does the writer give
There are pieces of advice.
39．Where can you read the passage
We can read the passage from a magazine about .
五、短文填空
在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Dennis Tito is an American rocket scientist. The 82-year-old billionaire plans to take a week-long trip with his wife around the far side of the moon.
Dennis Tito, became the first private space t 40 in 2001, who paid Russia $20 million for a trip to the International Space Station. That ticket would be worth $34 million today.
Tito, then 60, shared, “The pencils on the table started floating in the air, and I could see the blackness of space. It was the greatest moment of my life to achieve a life goal, and I knew then that n 41 could ever beat this.” The rapture (狂喜) will be r 42 as the US billionaire and his wife said they had bought two seats on a future SpaceX passenger flight around the moon.
Tito’s space dreams are still alive and kicking. He plans to take his wife to the moon on a SpaceX Starship flight. “I’ve been thinking about flying to the moon for the last 20 years s 43 I finished my last space flight,” Tito said.
He continued, “We will be able to watch the Earth get smaller and smaller, and the moon get larger and larger. We will be out of this world.”
It’s not known how much they might spend. However, Tito would not discuss the cost of his space trip around the moon. “One of the things I hope to do, we both hope to do, is to inspire people that as we get older, there are so many things we still can do. And flying in space a 44 is a lot easier than a lot of other things. I mean, I’m b 45 the age of skiing, but flying in space is much easier than that,” Tito said.
六、用单词的正确形式填空
46．Our teachers often us to face the challenges bravely. (courage)
47．The lady tried many times and managed to (invention) a new kind of biscuits.
48．They had fun (create) their own new plays in their free time.
49．Listen! The Model United Nations Club is full of laughter from students. Linda says she (stay) here in China for another month if her parents agree.
50．It is not a bad way to what water is. (explanation)
七、完成句子
51．Can you get me a packet of flour Benny asked.（合并成一句）
Benny asked I get him a packet of flour.
52．新能源汽车对我们的健康和环境都有好处。
New energy cars are good for both our health and .
53．How often do we hold the meeting I asked the chief editor.（合并成一句）
I asked the chief editor how often the meeting.
54．“Do you plan to visit the EuroDisney with me ” Jason asked Tom. (改为宾语从句)
Jason asked Tom he to visit the EuroDisney with him.
55．young, to further their studies, go to France, students, a lot of (连词成句)
.
八、书面表达
56．提示：每个人都经历过童年，小时候的一些玩具总是令人难忘的。请以“My Favorite Toy”为题，用英语写一篇短文，向大家介绍你最爱的玩具以及你喜欢它的原因。
要求：1.根据所给题目，写一篇短文，词数不少于 80个；
2.语言流畅，书写规范，卷面整洁；
3.文中不得使用你的真实姓名，校名，否则以零分计；
4.请将短文写在答题卡上，如在本卷上作答，一律不得分。
My Favorite Toy
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2-1-c-n-j-y
《期末达标测试卷-2024-2025学年英语八年级下册外研版》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 D B D A C A C A B D
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B D D A A C C A C B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C B B C C A D A B D
题号 31 32 33 34
答案 A F C E
1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．D
【导语】本文讲述作者因妹妹患有孤独症而感到羞耻，直到她在学校表演中展现出音乐天赋后，作者才真正接纳并爱护妹妹的故事。21世纪教育网版权所有
1．句意：然而，直到十岁我才知道这件事。
something某事；anything任何事；everything一切；nothing没有。根据“until the age of ten”可知此前完全不知情，否定词用nothing。故选D。 21·cn·jy·com
2．句意：我拒绝在公开场合接受她是我妹妹。
decided决定；refused拒绝；expected期望；promised承诺。根据后文“No!” I cried out”可知作者当时持排斥态度。故选B。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
3．句意：但一件事改变了我对妹妹的看法。
suggested建议；showed展示；checked检查；changed改变。后文“It changed me”为复现线索。故选D。21·世纪*教育网
4．句意：有一天，丽莎需要表演。
performance表演；journey旅程；job工作；deal交易。根据后文“sing in front of the school”可知是演出场景。故选A。【出处：21教育名师】
5．句意：然而，正如你可以想象的那样，丽莎是唯一没有团队的人。
for为了；in在……里；without没有；against反对。根据“the only one left”可知是独自表演。故选C。 21教育名师原创作品
6．句意：听到这个，我完全震惊了。
shocked震惊的；interested感兴趣的；relaxed放松的；bored无聊的。根据“‘No!’ I cried out”体现强烈情绪反应。故选A。
7．句意：我坐在大厅里等待表演开始。
going over复习；talking about讨论；waiting for等待；dreaming of梦想。根据“the performance to start”可知是等待状态。故选C。
8．句意：看到这一幕，我的脸因羞愧而发烫。
shame羞愧；peace和平；surprise惊讶；joy喜悦。前文“How I wished I wasn’t there!”体现羞耻感。故选A。
9．句意：令我大吃一惊的是，她唱得如此甜美，仿佛来自天使的歌声。
strangely奇怪地；sweetly甜美地；difficultly困难地；quickly快速地。后文“as if it came from an angel”为比喻依据。故选B。
10．句意：我为自己的行为感到抱歉。
worried担心的；serious严肃的；tired疲惫的；sorry抱歉的。后文“what I had done to her”体现悔意。故选D。
11．B
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我现在可以和朋友们出去玩吗？——不，你不能。你应该先去完成作业。
考查情态动词。should应该；can能够；could（礼貌地请求许可）可以，能；can’t不能；couldn’t不能，过去式；mustn’t不得，禁止。第一句表示委婉请求，用could提问；结合“You should go to finish your homework first.”可知，第二句表示“不能”，因为未完成作业，时态是一般现在时。故选B。
12．D
【详解】句意：——鲍勃是这家服装店的老板吗？——是的。令我们惊讶的是，他确实做得很好。
考查介词辨析。from从；with和；to到；of……的。be in control of“控制，执掌”；to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”。故选D。
13．D
【详解】句意：多亏了徐先生，我的英语进步很大。
考查名词辨析。trouble麻烦；illness疾病；decision决定；progress进步。根据“I’ve made great...in English”可知，这里指取得进步，故选D。
14．A
【详解】句意：警察就我们独自旅行时如何远离危险给了我们许多建议。
考查名词辨析。advice建议，为不可数名词；suggestion建议，为可数名词；notice通知；example例子。根据“The policeman gave us a lot of … on how to keep out of danger whenever we are travelling alone.”可知，此处是指警察给了很多建议，a lot of后跟可数名词复数形式或不可数名词，选项B为单数形式。故选A。
15．A
【详解】句意：科学技术博物馆位于上海市中心。
考查介词辨析。in在……里；to到，往；on在……上面；with和。in the centre of“在……中心” 。故选A。
16．C
【详解】句意：你不必知道作者的名字就能找到一本书。你可以通过书名找到它。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须；need需要；can能；能够；should应当。根据前句“don’t have to”可知，找书不依赖作者名，通过书名能够找到书。故选C。
17．C 18．A 19．C 20．B 21．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了植物对人类的重要性及其多种用途。
17．细节理解题。根据“Green plants give us oxygen (氧气). Oxygen is part of the air we breathe.”可知我们呼吸的空气中包含氧气，故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“Most of the water that a plant takes in goes back into the air.”可知植物吸收的大部分水分会回到空气中，故选A。
19．词义猜测题。根据“you help cut down on pollution because big trucks don’t need to take your food to shops”可知自己种植食物可以减少卡车运输带来的污染，因此“cut down on”意为“减少”，故选C。
20．最佳标题题。全文围绕植物的各种用途展开，包括提供氧气、食物、净化环境等，因此最佳标题是“植物的用途”，故选B。
21．推理判断题。文章内容主要涉及植物与自然环境的关系，因此最可能出现在“关于自然的书籍”中，故选C。
22．B 23．B 24．C 25．C 26．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了喜马拉雅山脉的地理位置、著名山峰的攀登难度，以及其作为三条重要河流发源地的生态意义，展现了山脉的自然力量与美丽。
22．细节理解题。根据文中“They are over 2,600 kilometers long from Pakistan in the west, to Namcha Barwa of Tibet in China in the east.”可知，喜马拉雅山脉的东端是中国西藏的南迦巴瓦峰，故选B。
23．词义猜测题。根据“K2 separates the Xinjiang area in the northwest of China from Pakistan”并结合地理常识可知，K2处于中国新疆与巴基斯坦之间，起到分隔的作用，所以separates意思是“分割”，故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据“The most difficult peak to climb is K2 not only because of its terrible rocks but also because of the dangerous weather there.”可知，K2难攀登是因为有可怕的岩石和危险的天气，故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“The Himalayas are a reminder of the power and beauty of nature.”可知，喜马拉雅山脉代表着自然的力量与美丽，这是其重要性所在，故选C。
26．最佳标题题。文章围绕喜马拉雅山脉展开，介绍了它的长度、著名山峰、地理意义以及重要性等，故选A。
27．D 28．A 29．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了电视剧《三体》中的一段情节——“古筝行动”，以及细绳能够用来切东西，但是“古筝行动”在现实生活中不可能出现。
27．细节理解题。根据“In order to find the important information on a huge ship, people plan to cut it into pieces. ”可知，为了找到一艘大船上的重要信息，人们计划把它切成碎片。逻辑上“it”指代大船。故选D。
28．推理判断题。根据“In fact, strings are very good at cutting. For example, the egg cutting machine uses thin strings to cut eggs into pieces. A kite line can easily hurt people if it gets circle around their necks. ”可知，作者是通过举例来告诉我们“细绳非常擅长切割”。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据“To cut the ship, the pressure needs to be 200 MPa. How strong is that pressure ”可知，通过举例一头大象站在绳子上来解释需要很大的压力来切割船只。故选B。
30．D 31．A 32．F 33．C 34．E
【导语】本文主要介绍了女孩进行体育运动的至少五个好处，说明女孩参与运动除了能获得健康外，还能在学业、生活技能、身体健康、自信心、情绪等方面受益。
30．根据“But research shows that girls who play sports do better in school than those who don’t.”可知，介绍女孩进行体育运动在学校表现更好。选项D“进行体育运动的女孩在学校表现更好”符合语境。故选D。
31．根据“Sports teach valuable life skills. When working with coaches, trainers and teammates to win games and achieve goals”可知，介绍女孩在运动中学习团队合作和设定目标的技能。选项A“进行体育运动的女孩学习团队合作和设定目标的技能”符合语境。故选A。
32．根据“girls who play sports are also less likely to smoke. And later in life, girls who exercise are less likely to get ill.”可知，介绍运动对女孩健康有益。选项F“运动对女孩的健康有益”符合语境。故选F。
33．根据“Girls who play sports feel better about themselves. It builds confidence when you know you can practice, improve, and achieve your goals.”可知，介绍运动能提升女孩的自信心。选项C“进行体育运动能提升自信心”符合语境。故选C。
34．根据“Playing sports can help you feel happier. The brain chemicals are released (释放) during exercise.”可知，介绍运动能释放压力让人更快乐。选项E“运动释放压力”符合语境。故选E。
35．P.E 36．the senior high school entrance examination 37．an hour 38．3/three 39．health/sports【版权所有：21教育】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了体育学科的重要性日益增加，并给出了关于如何进行体育锻炼的建议。
35．根据“Do you think PE is less important than other subjects In fact, it is becoming more and more important”可知，这里“it”指代前文提到的PE“体育”。故填PE。
36．根据“it is becoming more and more important in the senior high school entrance examination”可知，“the senior high school entrance examination”意为“中考”。故填the senior high school entrance examination。
37．根据“I run for an hour every day.”可知，作者每天跑步一小时。故填an hour。
38．根据“Do more physical exercise.”，“Outdoor activities are important.”以及“It’s a good way for you to join a sports club.”可知，作者提出了三条建议。故填3/three。
39．文章围绕体育锻炼和学生身体健康展开，所以可能在关于“健康”或“运动”的杂志上读到。故填health/sports。
40．(t)ourist 41．(n)othing 42．(r)epeated 43．(s)ince 44．(a)gain 45．(b)eyond
【导语】本文主要介绍了丹尼斯·蒂托计划与妻子进行为期一周的月球之旅。
40．句意：丹尼斯·蒂托在2001年成为首位私人太空游客，他向俄罗斯支付了2000万美元用于前往国际空间站的旅行。根据“who paid Russia $20 million for a trip to the International Space Station”和首字母“t”可知，此处说的是太空“游客”，tourist“游客”符合语境。故填(t)ourist。
41．句意：这是我人生中实现人生目标的最伟大时刻，我当时就知道，没有什么能超越这一刻。根据“the greatest moment of my life to achieve a life goal”和首字母“n”可知，他认为没有什么能比这一刻更棒，nothing“没有什么”符合语境。故填(n)othing。
42．句意：当这位美国亿万富翁和他的妻子表示他们已经购买了未来SpaceX绕月乘客航班的两个座位时，那种狂喜将再次出现。根据“the rapture (狂喜)”以及前文他去太空时的感受和首字母“r”可知，这次绕月飞行会让他再次有那种狂喜的感觉，repeat“重复”，符合语境，且此处是被动语态，用过去分词形式。故填(r)epeated。21教育网
43．句意：自从我完成上一次太空飞行后的20年里，我一直在考虑飞往月球。根据“I’ve been thinking about flying to the moon for the last 20 years”和首字母“s”可知，此处表示从上次太空飞行结束开始的这20年，since“自从”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。故填(s)ince。
44．句意：而且再次进入太空飞行比很多其他事情要容易得多。根据前文他去过太空，现在又要去绕月飞行，结合首字母“a”可知，这里说的是再次进入太空，again“再次”符合语境。故填(a)gain。
45．句意：我是说，我已经过了滑雪的年纪，但在太空飞行比那容易得多。根据“the age of skiing”和首字母“b”可知，此处说的是超过了滑雪适合的年龄，beyond“超过、超出”，符合语境。故填(b)eyond。
46．encourage
【详解】句意：我们的老师经常鼓励我们勇敢地面对挑战。根据“Our teachers often…us to face the challenges bravely. (courage)”可知，此处是指老师经常鼓励我们，应用名词courage的动词形式encourage表示“鼓励”，主语为复数，时态为一般现在时，应用动词原形。故填encourage。
47．invent
【详解】句意：这位女士尝试了很多次，终于发明了一种新的饼干。“manage to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，其中to是不定式符号，后接动词原形。“invention”是名词，意为“发明；发明物”，其动词形式是“invent”，表示“发明；创造”。故填invent。
48．creating
【详解】句意：他们在空闲时间创作自己的新剧，玩得很开心。根据“They had fun”可知，考查have fun doing sth“做某事很高兴”，因此填动名词。故填creating。
49．will stay
【详解】句意：听！模拟联合国俱乐部里充满了同学们的笑声。Linda说如果她父母同意，她将在中国再待一个月。根据“if her parents agree.”可知，此处为if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，结构为will+do。故填will stay。
50．explain
【详解】句意：这是解释什么是水的一个不错的方法。分析句子可知，空处需用动词不定式作定语，explanation的动词原形为explain。故填explain。
51． if/whether could
【详解】句意：你能给我拿包面粉吗？Benny问。原句为直接引语，合并为一句，可将直接引语变为间接引语，Benny asked后面接宾语从句，需用连词if/whether“是否”引导，且从句为陈述语序，根据asked可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式could。故填if/whether；could。
52．environment
【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“环境”，“environment”意为“环境”，是名词， 不可数名词。故填environment。
53． we held
【详解】句意：我们多久开一次会？我问主编。原句的“How often do we hold the meeting ”是直接疑问句，合并后需改为间接引语（宾语从句），用陈述语序，主句动词“asked”是过去时，因此从句的时态也要用过去时。故填we；held。
54． if/whether planned
【详解】句意：“你打算和我一起去欧洲迪斯尼乐园吗？”杰森问汤姆。分析题干，变含有一般疑问句的两个句子为宾语从句的复合句时，应用if或whether引导宾语从句，意为“是否……”，则第一空用if或whether；后接陈述句语序，其时态应与主句的一般过去时一致，则第二空处应用plan的过去式作谓语。故填if/whether；planned。
55．A lot of young students go to France to further their studies/To further their studies, a lot of young students go to France
【详解】结合提示词及标点符号可知，该句为陈述句，时态为一般现在时，a lot of“许多”，作定语修饰主语；young students“年轻的学生们”，作主语；go to France“去法国”；to further their studies“为了进一步深造”，不定式作目的状语，可放句末或句首，且句首首字母大写。故填A lot of young students go to France to further their studies“许多年轻学生去法国深造”或To further their studies, a lot of young students go to France“为了进一步深造，许多年轻学生去了法国”。
56．例文
My Favorite Toy
My favorite toy from childhood is my teddy bear. I have had it since I was a child. My grandmother gave it to me as a birthday gift on my fourth birthday. I love the teddy bear so much because it was very beautiful and cool. It is special to me because my grandmother made it for me by herself. I’ll keep it forever to remind me of my grandmother. The teddy bear has left many good and sweet memories in my heart. I always slept next to it when I was a child. It made me feel safe. I often played with it. It looked like my friend. Thanks to the teddy bear, I didn’t feel lonely. All in all, it may be a bit old but I like it very much.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时和一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要围绕主题，表述你最爱的玩具以及你喜欢它的原因。适当增加细节，表述完整。
[写作步骤]
第一步，直入主题表述我最喜欢的玩具是什么；
第二步，详细表述喜欢这个玩具的原因及玩具给自己带来的影响；
第三步，对文章做出总结。
[亮点词汇]
①remind sb of使某人想起
②Thanks to多亏
③All in all总之
[高分句型]
①I love the teddy bear so much because it was very beautiful and cool.（because引导的原因状语从句）www.21-cn-jy.com
②I always slept next to it when I was a child.（when引导的时间状语从句）
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
期末达标测试卷-2024-2025学年英语八年级下册外研版
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、完形填空
My sister Lisa had autism (孤独症). It turned my parents’ world upside down. However, I knew 1 about it until the age of ten.www-2-1-cnjy-com
It was then that I started to notice my sister was different. I 2 to accept her as my sister in public. However, an event 3 how I viewed(看待) my sister. It changed me as well. 21*cnjy*com
One day, Lisa needed to have a 4 . However, as you can imagine, Lisa was the only one left 5 a group. “I’ll sing,” she told us in a low voice. How could my sister sing in front of the school Hearing that, I was completely 6 . “No!” I cried out. My parents shot me a look and that was when I knew my sister was going to perform, no matter what.
That day came. I sat in the hall, 7 the performance to start. Soon it was Lisa’s turn. It took her about a whole minute to stammer (结巴地说) her name. Seeing this, I could feel my face burning (燃烧) with 8 . How I wished I wasn’t there! After what seemed like ages, Lisa started to sing. To my great surprise, she sang so 9 , as if it came from the singing of an angel (天使). I have never imagined that Lisa had a talent for music.
Tears (眼泪) filled in my eyes as I listened. I felt 10 , for what I had done to her. It was then that I decided to love her, no matter how strangely she acted in public.
1．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
2．A．decided B．refused C．expected D．promised
3．A．suggested B．showed C．checked D．changed
4．A．performance B．journey C．job D．deal
5．A．for B．in C．without D．against
6．A．shocked B．interested C．relaxed D．bored
7．A．going over B．talking about C．waiting for D．dreaming of
8．A．shame B．peace C．surprise D．joy
9．A．strangely B．sweetly C．difficultly D．quickly
10．A．worried B．serious C．tired D．sorry
二、单项选择
11．—________ I hang out with my friends now, Mom
— No, you ________. You should go to finish your homework first.
A．Should; can’t B．Could; can’t C．Could; couldn’t D．Should; mustn’t
12．—Is Bob in control ________ this clothes store
—Yes. ________ our surprise, he really does a good job.
A．from; With B．with; From C．to; Of D．of; To
13．Thanks to Mr. Xu, I’ve made great ________ in English.
A．trouble B．illness C．decision D．progress
14．The policeman gave us a lot of ________ on how to keep out of danger whenever we are travelling alone.
A．advice B．suggestion C．notice D．example
15．The Science and Technology Museum is located ________ the centre of Shanghai.
A．in B．to C．on D．with
16．You don’t have to know the writer’s name to find a book. You ________ find it by the title.
A．must B．need C．can D．should
三、阅读理解
请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
People depend on plants. We use plants for food, cloth, shelter (住处), and even the air we breathe (呼吸).
Plants keep our air and water clean. Green plants give us oxygen (氧气). Oxygen is part of the air we breathe. Plants are also part of the water cycle (水循环). Most of the water that a plant takes in goes back into the air.
Plants give us a lot of the food on the earth. Fruits, vegetables, and grains (谷物) come from plants. Without plants, we would not have bread, rice, carrots, apples, oranges, or bananas! Many people are growing plants to eat in their own gardens at home. Having your own garden helps the earth as well. When you grow your own fruits and vegetables, you help cut down on pollution because big trucks don’t need to take your food to shops. You also help reduce the amount of rubbish because you don’t need to use bags for packing your food. You can just pick it out of the ground or off a plant and put it into a basket!
Trees are an important plant resource (资源). Trees provide wood to build frames and furniture. Trees are used to make lots of things around your home and at your school. And trees provide fruits that are good for you. Without trees, the earth would be a very different place.
17．________ is part of the air we breathe.
A．Sunlight B．Water C．Oxygen
18．What happens to most of the water that a plant takes in
A．It goes back into the air. B．It stays in the plant. C．It goes into the ground.
19．What does the phrase “cut down on” mean in Paragraph 5
A．cause. B．accept. C．reduce.
20．What is the best title of the passage
A．A Different Place B．The Uses of Plants C．Food on the Earth
21．You would find the passage in ________.
A．an interesting novel B．a book about animals C．a book about nature
请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The Himalaya Mountains are the largest in the world. They are over 2, 600 kilometers long from Pakistan in the west, to Namcha Barwa of Tibet in China in the east. They have the highest and most dangerous climbing peaks (峰顶) in the world. The most well-known ones are Mount Qomolangma (8, 844.43 meters) and the K2 (8,611 meters). People from all over the world come to Asia to try climbing these huge mountains.
Mount Qomolangma is close to Nepal and Tibet of China, and K2 separates the Xinjiang area in the northwest of China from Pakistan. The most difficult peak to climb is K2 not only because of its terrible rocks but also because of the dangerous weather there. The mountain is the tallest in the area and doesn’t have any protection from the wind and storms.
The mountains are not just for climbing. Three important rivers come from these mountains. The Indus River, the Gangabrahmaputra River and the Yangtze River all receive water from the snowy peaks of these mountains. The Yangtze River is the largest river in Asia and the third largest in the world. It runs to the east from the Himalayas out to the China Sea. The Himalayas are a reminder of the power and beauty of nature.21cnjy.com
22．Where is the east point of the Himalaya mountains
A．Pakistan. B．Namcha Barwa of Tibet. C．Mount Qomolangma.
23．What does the underlined word “separates” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．连接 B．分割 C．排列
24．Why is K2 the most difficult peak to climb
A．Because it makes climbers feel terrible and give up.
B．Because it has strongest wind and storms and no water.
C．Because it has many terrible rocks and dangerous weather.
25．What is the importance of the Himalaya Mountains
A．They are just for climbing.
B．They protect people from the danger.
C．They mean the power and beauty of nature.
26．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Himalayas. B．Qomolangma. C．K2.
Have you watched the recent TV Three-Body Changed by Liu Cixin’s science book The Three-Body Problem, the show is very popular with people. One of the most exciting parts must be Operation Guzheng.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
In order to find the important information on a huge ship, people plan to cut it into pieces. They set up many thin strings (线) across the river, which are made by high technology. Looking like Guzheng, the strings quietly cut the steel ship into pieces as if the ship was soft tofu!
Is it possible to cut ships with thin strings in real life In fact, strings are very good at cutting. For example, the egg cutting machine uses thin strings to cut eggs into pieces. A kite line can easily hurt people if it gets circle around their necks. This is because the thin strings have a very small contact area, leading to a high intensity of pressure (高强度的压力) when they cut things.
In the program, the strings are as thin as human hair. To cut the ship, the pressure needs to be 200 MPa. How strong is that pressure Imagine an elephant standing on a string! In real life, scientists won’t be able to make such thin strings that wouldn’t easily break, at least for years to come. The cutting will also create lots of heat. We don’t have the things to bear (忍耐) that high temperature while it’s also thin enough to cut through. It’s still far away from the technology in the program.
27．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 2
A．The important information. B．The thin string.
C．The science book. D．The huge ship.
28．How does the writer tell us “strings are very good at cutting” 2·1·c·n·j·y
A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories.
C．By showing numbers. D．By telling rules.
29．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 want to tell us
A．Cutting things creates lots of heat. B．People need strong pressure to cut ships.
C．Making thin strings is easy. D．People break strings with machines.
Why should you play sports You might say “to get exercise” and you’d be right. To have fun That’s true, too. But that’s not enough. In fact, there are at least five reasons according to the Women’s Sports Foundation, girls who play sports get a lot more than just health.
30 You might think that sports will take up all your study time. But research shows that girls who play sports do better in school than those who don’t. Exercise improves learning and memory. It can give active girls an advantage in class.
31 Sports teach valuable life skills. When working with coaches, trainers and teammates to win games and achieve goals, you are learning how to be successful. Those skills will serve you well at work and in family life.
32 In addition to being fit and keeping a healthy weight, girls who play sports are also less likely to smoke. And later in life, girls who exercise are less likely to get ill.
33 Girls who play sports feel better about themselves. Why It builds confidence when you know you can practice, improve, and achieve your goals. Sports are also feel-good activities because they help girls stay in shape, keep a healthy weight, and make new friends.
34 Playing sports can help you feel happier. How The brain chemicals are released (释放) during exercise. Friends are another mood-lifter. And being in a team creates tight bonds between friends. It’s good to know your teammates will support you—both on and off the field.
根据短文内容，从A—F中选择最佳标题。
A．Girls who play sports learn teamwork and goal-setting skills.21*cnjy*com
B．Girls who play sports can eat many kinds of foods.
C．Playing sports improves self-confidence.
D．Girls who play sports do better in school.
E．Exercise releases the pressure.
F．Sports are good for a girl’s health.
四、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
Do you think PE is less important than other subjects In fact, it is becoming more and more important in the senior high school entrance examination. This shows that the country is thinking more of the physical health of students. If you are good at PE, some universities will also prioritize (优先考虑) you. Here is some advice about how to exercise.
Do more physical exercise. As students, you need to take each PE class seriously. And I don’t think two PE classes a week is enough. You also need to play different kinds of sports at school. For example, you can play ping-pong with your classmates after class.
Outdoor activities are important. I run for an hour every day. I swim or play ball games at least once a week. What about you How often do you do them
It’s a good way for you to join a sports club. The teachers there will help you a lot. And you will make many good friends there with the same hobby.
Do you think exercise is only for good grades in examinations Of course not. As long as you usually do sports, you will be healthy and happy for a lifetime.
35．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)
It refers to .
36．Which English words in the passage mean “中考”
It’s “ ”.
37．How long does the writer run every day
The writer runs for every day.
38．How many pieces of advice about how to exercise does the writer give
There are pieces of advice.
39．Where can you read the passage
We can read the passage from a magazine about .
五、短文填空
在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Dennis Tito is an American rocket scientist. The 82-year-old billionaire plans to take a week-long trip with his wife around the far side of the moon.
Dennis Tito, became the first private space t 40 in 2001, who paid Russia $20 million for a trip to the International Space Station. That ticket would be worth $34 million today.
Tito, then 60, shared, “The pencils on the table started floating in the air, and I could see the blackness of space. It was the greatest moment of my life to achieve a life goal, and I knew then that n 41 could ever beat this.” The rapture (狂喜) will be r 42 as the US billionaire and his wife said they had bought two seats on a future SpaceX passenger flight around the moon.
Tito’s space dreams are still alive and kicking. He plans to take his wife to the moon on a SpaceX Starship flight. “I’ve been thinking about flying to the moon for the last 20 years s 43 I finished my last space flight,” Tito said.
He continued, “We will be able to watch the Earth get smaller and smaller, and the moon get larger and larger. We will be out of this world.”
It’s not known how much they might spend. However, Tito would not discuss the cost of his space trip around the moon. “One of the things I hope to do, we both hope to do, is to inspire people that as we get older, there are so many things we still can do. And flying in space a 44 is a lot easier than a lot of other things. I mean, I’m b 45 the age of skiing, but flying in space is much easier than that,” Tito said.
六、用单词的正确形式填空
46．Our teachers often us to face the challenges bravely. (courage)
47．The lady tried many times and managed to (invention) a new kind of biscuits.
48．They had fun (create) their own new plays in their free time.
49．Listen! The Model United Nations Club is full of laughter from students. Linda says she (stay) here in China for another month if her parents agree.
50．It is not a bad way to what water is. (explanation)
七、完成句子
51．Can you get me a packet of flour Benny asked.（合并成一句）
Benny asked I get him a packet of flour.
52．新能源汽车对我们的健康和环境都有好处。
New energy cars are good for both our health and .
53．How often do we hold the meeting I asked the chief editor.（合并成一句）
I asked the chief editor how often the meeting.
54．“Do you plan to visit the EuroDisney with me ” Jason asked Tom. (改为宾语从句)
Jason asked Tom he to visit the EuroDisney with him.
55．young, to further their studies, go to France, students, a lot of (连词成句)
.
八、书面表达
56．提示：每个人都经历过童年，小时候的一些玩具总是令人难忘的。请以“My Favorite Toy”为题，用英语写一篇短文，向大家介绍你最爱的玩具以及你喜欢它的原因。
要求：1.根据所给题目，写一篇短文，词数不少于 80个；
2.语言流畅，书写规范，卷面整洁；
3.文中不得使用你的真实姓名，校名，否则以零分计；
4.请将短文写在答题卡上，如在本卷上作答，一律不得分。
My Favorite Toy
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2-1-c-n-j-y
《期末达标测试卷-2024-2025学年英语八年级下册外研版》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 D B D A C A C A B D
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B D D A A C C A C B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C B B C C A D A B D
题号 31 32 33 34
答案 A F C E
1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．D
【导语】本文讲述作者因妹妹患有孤独症而感到羞耻，直到她在学校表演中展现出音乐天赋后，作者才真正接纳并爱护妹妹的故事。21世纪教育网版权所有
1．句意：然而，直到十岁我才知道这件事。
something某事；anything任何事；everything一切；nothing没有。根据“until the age of ten”可知此前完全不知情，否定词用nothing。故选D。 21·cn·jy·com
2．句意：我拒绝在公开场合接受她是我妹妹。
decided决定；refused拒绝；expected期望；promised承诺。根据后文“No!” I cried out”可知作者当时持排斥态度。故选B。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
3．句意：但一件事改变了我对妹妹的看法。
suggested建议；showed展示；checked检查；changed改变。后文“It changed me”为复现线索。故选D。21·世纪*教育网
4．句意：有一天，丽莎需要表演。
performance表演；journey旅程；job工作；deal交易。根据后文“sing in front of the school”可知是演出场景。故选A。【出处：21教育名师】
5．句意：然而，正如你可以想象的那样，丽莎是唯一没有团队的人。
for为了；in在……里；without没有；against反对。根据“the only one left”可知是独自表演。故选C。 21教育名师原创作品
6．句意：听到这个，我完全震惊了。
shocked震惊的；interested感兴趣的；relaxed放松的；bored无聊的。根据“‘No!’ I cried out”体现强烈情绪反应。故选A。
7．句意：我坐在大厅里等待表演开始。
going over复习；talking about讨论；waiting for等待；dreaming of梦想。根据“the performance to start”可知是等待状态。故选C。
8．句意：看到这一幕，我的脸因羞愧而发烫。
shame羞愧；peace和平；surprise惊讶；joy喜悦。前文“How I wished I wasn’t there!”体现羞耻感。故选A。
9．句意：令我大吃一惊的是，她唱得如此甜美，仿佛来自天使的歌声。
strangely奇怪地；sweetly甜美地；difficultly困难地；quickly快速地。后文“as if it came from an angel”为比喻依据。故选B。
10．句意：我为自己的行为感到抱歉。
worried担心的；serious严肃的；tired疲惫的；sorry抱歉的。后文“what I had done to her”体现悔意。故选D。
11．B
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我现在可以和朋友们出去玩吗？——不，你不能。你应该先去完成作业。
考查情态动词。should应该；can能够；could（礼貌地请求许可）可以，能；can’t不能；couldn’t不能，过去式；mustn’t不得，禁止。第一句表示委婉请求，用could提问；结合“You should go to finish your homework first.”可知，第二句表示“不能”，因为未完成作业，时态是一般现在时。故选B。
12．D
【详解】句意：——鲍勃是这家服装店的老板吗？——是的。令我们惊讶的是，他确实做得很好。
考查介词辨析。from从；with和；to到；of……的。be in control of“控制，执掌”；to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”。故选D。
13．D
【详解】句意：多亏了徐先生，我的英语进步很大。
考查名词辨析。trouble麻烦；illness疾病；decision决定；progress进步。根据“I’ve made great...in English”可知，这里指取得进步，故选D。
14．A
【详解】句意：警察就我们独自旅行时如何远离危险给了我们许多建议。
考查名词辨析。advice建议，为不可数名词；suggestion建议，为可数名词；notice通知；example例子。根据“The policeman gave us a lot of … on how to keep out of danger whenever we are travelling alone.”可知，此处是指警察给了很多建议，a lot of后跟可数名词复数形式或不可数名词，选项B为单数形式。故选A。
15．A
【详解】句意：科学技术博物馆位于上海市中心。
考查介词辨析。in在……里；to到，往；on在……上面；with和。in the centre of“在……中心” 。故选A。
16．C
【详解】句意：你不必知道作者的名字就能找到一本书。你可以通过书名找到它。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须；need需要；can能；能够；should应当。根据前句“don’t have to”可知，找书不依赖作者名，通过书名能够找到书。故选C。
17．C 18．A 19．C 20．B 21．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了植物对人类的重要性及其多种用途。
17．细节理解题。根据“Green plants give us oxygen (氧气). Oxygen is part of the air we breathe.”可知我们呼吸的空气中包含氧气，故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“Most of the water that a plant takes in goes back into the air.”可知植物吸收的大部分水分会回到空气中，故选A。
19．词义猜测题。根据“you help cut down on pollution because big trucks don’t need to take your food to shops”可知自己种植食物可以减少卡车运输带来的污染，因此“cut down on”意为“减少”，故选C。
20．最佳标题题。全文围绕植物的各种用途展开，包括提供氧气、食物、净化环境等，因此最佳标题是“植物的用途”，故选B。
21．推理判断题。文章内容主要涉及植物与自然环境的关系，因此最可能出现在“关于自然的书籍”中，故选C。
22．B 23．B 24．C 25．C 26．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了喜马拉雅山脉的地理位置、著名山峰的攀登难度，以及其作为三条重要河流发源地的生态意义，展现了山脉的自然力量与美丽。
22．细节理解题。根据文中“They are over 2,600 kilometers long from Pakistan in the west, to Namcha Barwa of Tibet in China in the east.”可知，喜马拉雅山脉的东端是中国西藏的南迦巴瓦峰，故选B。
23．词义猜测题。根据“K2 separates the Xinjiang area in the northwest of China from Pakistan”并结合地理常识可知，K2处于中国新疆与巴基斯坦之间，起到分隔的作用，所以separates意思是“分割”，故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据“The most difficult peak to climb is K2 not only because of its terrible rocks but also because of the dangerous weather there.”可知，K2难攀登是因为有可怕的岩石和危险的天气，故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“The Himalayas are a reminder of the power and beauty of nature.”可知，喜马拉雅山脉代表着自然的力量与美丽，这是其重要性所在，故选C。
26．最佳标题题。文章围绕喜马拉雅山脉展开，介绍了它的长度、著名山峰、地理意义以及重要性等，故选A。
27．D 28．A 29．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了电视剧《三体》中的一段情节——“古筝行动”，以及细绳能够用来切东西，但是“古筝行动”在现实生活中不可能出现。
27．细节理解题。根据“In order to find the important information on a huge ship, people plan to cut it into pieces. ”可知，为了找到一艘大船上的重要信息，人们计划把它切成碎片。逻辑上“it”指代大船。故选D。
28．推理判断题。根据“In fact, strings are very good at cutting. For example, the egg cutting machine uses thin strings to cut eggs into pieces. A kite line can easily hurt people if it gets circle around their necks. ”可知，作者是通过举例来告诉我们“细绳非常擅长切割”。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据“To cut the ship, the pressure needs to be 200 MPa. How strong is that pressure ”可知，通过举例一头大象站在绳子上来解释需要很大的压力来切割船只。故选B。
30．D 31．A 32．F 33．C 34．E
【导语】本文主要介绍了女孩进行体育运动的至少五个好处，说明女孩参与运动除了能获得健康外，还能在学业、生活技能、身体健康、自信心、情绪等方面受益。
30．根据“But research shows that girls who play sports do better in school than those who don’t.”可知，介绍女孩进行体育运动在学校表现更好。选项D“进行体育运动的女孩在学校表现更好”符合语境。故选D。
31．根据“Sports teach valuable life skills. When working with coaches, trainers and teammates to win games and achieve goals”可知，介绍女孩在运动中学习团队合作和设定目标的技能。选项A“进行体育运动的女孩学习团队合作和设定目标的技能”符合语境。故选A。
32．根据“girls who play sports are also less likely to smoke. And later in life, girls who exercise are less likely to get ill.”可知，介绍运动对女孩健康有益。选项F“运动对女孩的健康有益”符合语境。故选F。
33．根据“Girls who play sports feel better about themselves. It builds confidence when you know you can practice, improve, and achieve your goals.”可知，介绍运动能提升女孩的自信心。选项C“进行体育运动能提升自信心”符合语境。故选C。
34．根据“Playing sports can help you feel happier. The brain chemicals are released (释放) during exercise.”可知，介绍运动能释放压力让人更快乐。选项E“运动释放压力”符合语境。故选E。
35．P.E 36．the senior high school entrance examination 37．an hour 38．3/three 39．health/sports【版权所有：21教育】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了体育学科的重要性日益增加，并给出了关于如何进行体育锻炼的建议。
35．根据“Do you think PE is less important than other subjects In fact, it is becoming more and more important”可知，这里“it”指代前文提到的PE“体育”。故填PE。
36．根据“it is becoming more and more important in the senior high school entrance examination”可知，“the senior high school entrance examination”意为“中考”。故填the senior high school entrance examination。
37．根据“I run for an hour every day.”可知，作者每天跑步一小时。故填an hour。
38．根据“Do more physical exercise.”，“Outdoor activities are important.”以及“It’s a good way for you to join a sports club.”可知，作者提出了三条建议。故填3/three。
39．文章围绕体育锻炼和学生身体健康展开，所以可能在关于“健康”或“运动”的杂志上读到。故填health/sports。
40．(t)ourist 41．(n)othing 42．(r)epeated 43．(s)ince 44．(a)gain 45．(b)eyond
【导语】本文主要介绍了丹尼斯·蒂托计划与妻子进行为期一周的月球之旅。
40．句意：丹尼斯·蒂托在2001年成为首位私人太空游客，他向俄罗斯支付了2000万美元用于前往国际空间站的旅行。根据“who paid Russia $20 million for a trip to the International Space Station”和首字母“t”可知，此处说的是太空“游客”，tourist“游客”符合语境。故填(t)ourist。
41．句意：这是我人生中实现人生目标的最伟大时刻，我当时就知道，没有什么能超越这一刻。根据“the greatest moment of my life to achieve a life goal”和首字母“n”可知，他认为没有什么能比这一刻更棒，nothing“没有什么”符合语境。故填(n)othing。
42．句意：当这位美国亿万富翁和他的妻子表示他们已经购买了未来SpaceX绕月乘客航班的两个座位时，那种狂喜将再次出现。根据“the rapture (狂喜)”以及前文他去太空时的感受和首字母“r”可知，这次绕月飞行会让他再次有那种狂喜的感觉，repeat“重复”，符合语境，且此处是被动语态，用过去分词形式。故填(r)epeated。21教育网
43．句意：自从我完成上一次太空飞行后的20年里，我一直在考虑飞往月球。根据“I’ve been thinking about flying to the moon for the last 20 years”和首字母“s”可知，此处表示从上次太空飞行结束开始的这20年，since“自从”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。故填(s)ince。
44．句意：而且再次进入太空飞行比很多其他事情要容易得多。根据前文他去过太空，现在又要去绕月飞行，结合首字母“a”可知，这里说的是再次进入太空，again“再次”符合语境。故填(a)gain。
45．句意：我是说，我已经过了滑雪的年纪，但在太空飞行比那容易得多。根据“the age of skiing”和首字母“b”可知，此处说的是超过了滑雪适合的年龄，beyond“超过、超出”，符合语境。故填(b)eyond。
46．encourage
【详解】句意：我们的老师经常鼓励我们勇敢地面对挑战。根据“Our teachers often…us to face the challenges bravely. (courage)”可知，此处是指老师经常鼓励我们，应用名词courage的动词形式encourage表示“鼓励”，主语为复数，时态为一般现在时，应用动词原形。故填encourage。
47．invent
【详解】句意：这位女士尝试了很多次，终于发明了一种新的饼干。“manage to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，其中to是不定式符号，后接动词原形。“invention”是名词，意为“发明；发明物”，其动词形式是“invent”，表示“发明；创造”。故填invent。
48．creating
【详解】句意：他们在空闲时间创作自己的新剧，玩得很开心。根据“They had fun”可知，考查have fun doing sth“做某事很高兴”，因此填动名词。故填creating。
49．will stay
【详解】句意：听！模拟联合国俱乐部里充满了同学们的笑声。Linda说如果她父母同意，她将在中国再待一个月。根据“if her parents agree.”可知，此处为if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，结构为will+do。故填will stay。
50．explain
【详解】句意：这是解释什么是水的一个不错的方法。分析句子可知，空处需用动词不定式作定语，explanation的动词原形为explain。故填explain。
51． if/whether could
【详解】句意：你能给我拿包面粉吗？Benny问。原句为直接引语，合并为一句，可将直接引语变为间接引语，Benny asked后面接宾语从句，需用连词if/whether“是否”引导，且从句为陈述语序，根据asked可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式could。故填if/whether；could。
52．environment
【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“环境”，“environment”意为“环境”，是名词， 不可数名词。故填environment。
53． we held
【详解】句意：我们多久开一次会？我问主编。原句的“How often do we hold the meeting ”是直接疑问句，合并后需改为间接引语（宾语从句），用陈述语序，主句动词“asked”是过去时，因此从句的时态也要用过去时。故填we；held。
54． if/whether planned
【详解】句意：“你打算和我一起去欧洲迪斯尼乐园吗？”杰森问汤姆。分析题干，变含有一般疑问句的两个句子为宾语从句的复合句时，应用if或whether引导宾语从句，意为“是否……”，则第一空用if或whether；后接陈述句语序，其时态应与主句的一般过去时一致，则第二空处应用plan的过去式作谓语。故填if/whether；planned。
55．A lot of young students go to France to further their studies/To further their studies, a lot of young students go to France
【详解】结合提示词及标点符号可知，该句为陈述句，时态为一般现在时，a lot of“许多”，作定语修饰主语；young students“年轻的学生们”，作主语；go to France“去法国”；to further their studies“为了进一步深造”，不定式作目的状语，可放句末或句首，且句首首字母大写。故填A lot of young students go to France to further their studies“许多年轻学生去法国深造”或To further their studies, a lot of young students go to France“为了进一步深造，许多年轻学生去了法国”。
56．例文
My Favorite Toy
My favorite toy from childhood is my teddy bear. I have had it since I was a child. My grandmother gave it to me as a birthday gift on my fourth birthday. I love the teddy bear so much because it was very beautiful and cool. It is special to me because my grandmother made it for me by herself. I’ll keep it forever to remind me of my grandmother. The teddy bear has left many good and sweet memories in my heart. I always slept next to it when I was a child. It made me feel safe. I often played with it. It looked like my friend. Thanks to the teddy bear, I didn’t feel lonely. All in all, it may be a bit old but I like it very much.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时和一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要围绕主题，表述你最爱的玩具以及你喜欢它的原因。适当增加细节，表述完整。
[写作步骤]
第一步，直入主题表述我最喜欢的玩具是什么；
第二步，详细表述喜欢这个玩具的原因及玩具给自己带来的影响；
第三步，对文章做出总结。
[亮点词汇]
①remind sb of使某人想起
②Thanks to多亏
③All in all总之
[高分句型]
①I love the teddy bear so much because it was very beautiful and cool.（because引导的原因状语从句）www.21-cn-jy.com
②I always slept next to it when I was a child.（when引导的时间状语从句）
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
同课章节目录