阅读理解之五选五
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
1. 逻辑衔接与上下文关联
重点：需识别段落间逻辑关系（如因果、转折、并列），并利用过渡词（however, therefore,
for example）判断选项与上下文的连贯性。
难点：干扰项常通过“部分关联”或“无逻辑关联”制造混淆，例如选项看似合理但与段落主
题无关。
2. 代词指代与复现线索
重点：关注代词（it, they, this）的指代对象，以及名词、动词的复现（如原词、同义词、
近义词）。
难点：跨段落指代或隐含指代需结合全文逻辑推断，例如“such phenomena”需回溯前文同
类现象。
3. 选项干扰与陷阱设置
高频陷阱：
绝对化表述：如“all”“never”等词常为错误选项。
偷换概念：替换原文关键词（如将“reduce”改为“eliminate”）。
无中生有：选项内容未在原文出现。
4. 长难句与复杂结构
难点：嵌套从句（如定语从句、状语从句）或被动语态需拆解分析，例如“The project, which
was launched last year, aims to...”需明确“which”指代对象。
5. 多模态文本与跨学科融合
新趋势：可能结合图表、说明书等非连续性文本，需整合图文信息（如流程图配说明文字）。
二、解题步骤与技巧
1. 通读全文，把握主旨与结构
方法：快速浏览段落首尾句，确定主题（如环保、科技），标注逻辑信号词（如“firstly”“in
addition”）。
示例：若段落首句为“Plastic pollution threatens marine life”，可预判后文讨论危害或解决方
案。
2. 分析选项，标记关键词
技巧：
原词复现：如原文出现“renewable energy”，选项可能用“solar/wind power”替换。
逻辑词匹配：选项含“however”则对应上下文转折关系。
3. 定位空格，上下文推理
段首空：多为段落主题句，需概括后文内容。
段中空：关注前后句逻辑（如举例、解释），利用代词或连接词锁定答案。
段尾空：总结性结论或呼吁性语句，如“Therefore, immediate action is needed.”。
4. 排除干扰，验证答案
原则：代入选项后，检查是否与段落逻辑一致，排除矛盾项。
验证方法：若选项含“for instance”，需前文有观点、后文有例子支持。
三、预测分析
1. 命题趋势
题型分布：5 题，每空 2 分，总 10 分；首尾段设空概率高（约 40%），段中设空侧重逻辑
衔接。
选材方向：
本土文化：如河南非遗技艺（唐三彩制作）、黄河生态保护案例。
科技热点：AI 在农业/教育中的应用、智能家居场景。
社会议题：青少年心理健康、垃圾分类行动倡议。
2. 高频考点
逻辑推理题（占比 50%）：转折、因果、并列关系判断。
代词指代题（占比 20%）：it/they 指代前文单复数主体。
主旨概括题（占比 20%）：段首/段尾总结句。
细节匹配题（占比 10%）：数据、步骤、特征对应。
3. 备考建议
强化训练：每周精练 3-4 篇真题，标注逻辑词和复现线索。
限时模拟：每篇控制在 8 分钟内，段首题 2 分钟，段中/尾题各 1.5 分钟。
错题归类：总结干扰项类型（如偷换概念、无逻辑关联）。
总结：2025 年河南中考五选五需重点把握逻辑衔接与本土化选材，通过精准定位和复现线
索提升准确率，同时适应多模态文本的新趋势。
【基础试题】
A
Having trouble getting out of bed for school on Monday mornings This year’s World Sleep
Day on March 21 has brought more attention to the problem of teenagers not getting enough sleep.
1 Homework, after-school activities and using electronic devices(电子设备) are
all reasons. For example, in the US, 77.3 percent of high school students don’t get enough sleep,
said USAFACTS.
Good sleep is important for everyone, and it is especially important for teenagers. 2
This is because adolescence(青 春 期 ) is a time of deep mental(心 理 的 ), physical and social
change.
3 It helps improve attention, memory and thinking skills, Harvard Health pointed
out.
Sleep also helps teenagers become more creative. This relationship was first studied in the
late 20th century, when scientists at Loughborough University in the UK did a test. 4 The
first group did worse on the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. They kept making she same
mistakes and couldn’t think of new ideas.
More recently, in 2023, the US Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) found that
“sleep onset” is especially helpful for creativity. 5 If people are guided to dream a-bout a
certain task during sleep onset, they can do that task more creatively after waking up, according to
MIT News.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内
容完整。
A．They compared the creative performance of people who didn’t sleep well and those who slept
normally.
B．Many teenagers feel sleepy during the day.
C．This special sleep stage happens when we are just starting to fall asleep.
D．They need nine to ten hours of sleep each day more than adults, said the US National Institute
of Health.
E．For students, sleep plays a key role in doing well in school.
B
补全短文 根据短文内容，从短文后的 A-E 选项中，选出适当的选项补全短文，并涂在答
题卡上相应的位置。
Asking for advice can be scary In a recent study, 74 percent said they were afraid to ask
for advice. But people who ask for advice are easier to succeed at a task. 1 Here are a
few tips.
2 It might be easy to ask all people around you for advice at once, but will you
value all advice Probably not. It might be better to choose one or two people whose opinions you
value the most. You can ask for advice from people who have experience in the topic.
3 Finding the right time to ask for advice is important. If what you are asking
needs a lot of thought, you should ask people when they are free and clear-headed.
Be specific (具体的) in your questioning. 4 Do you ask a business owner,
“What advice do you have for me ” No, because it’s not specific enough. Instead, try asking,
“What college classes did you find helpful for starting a business ”
5 If you can’t solve your problem by following the first person’s advice, why not
ask someone else who may have a different opinion
The key is: Don’t be afraid to ask for advice.
A．Think about when to ask.
B．So how do you ask for advice
C．Ask somebody for a second opinion.
D．Look for the best person to give you advice.
E．Imagine you want to own a business someday.
C
People know the danger of fires. It’s good for a family to learn how to prepare for a fire.
Here are some suggestions:
Put a smoke alarm in the house. Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off. 1 The
sound tells everyone to leave the house at once.
2 They should know all the ways out of the house. If there is a fire, everyone follows
the plan to get out. Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened
easily.
Buy fire extinguishers (灭 火 器 ) and put them in the house. Besides, family members
should know how to use them. Practice for a fire. We do fire practices because we need to teach
children about fire safety. Everyone in the family should know the following fire rules:
*Don’t open a hot door! 3
*Stay close to the floor! Smoke can be more dangerous than fire. The best air is near the
floor because smoke rises.
*What will you do if your hair or clothes start to burn First, stop! Don’t run! The fire
burns faster because of more air. Drop! Fall to the floor. Then roll! 4 Put a wet blanket (毯
子) around you to keep air away from the fire that may still be on you.
There are any possible causes for fires. 5 If there is a fire, don’t forget to call 119 for
help.
A．A wise family is ready all the time.
B．The alarm makes a loud sound.
C．Make escape (逃跑；逃脱) plans.
D．Turning over and over will make the fire go out.
E．The fire can grow more quickly if you open the door.
【提升试题】
A
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。
Spring is a lovely time for getting in the countryside to admire all the beautiful colors in the
nature. However, do you know that there are so many guidelines for enjoying the great outdoor
1
Care for each other.
Be sure to be friendly to people who live and work in the countryside, as well as the travel
companions. That means sharing spaces and not making too much noise. Cyclists (people who
ride bikes) have to give way to walkers. 2
3
While much of the countryside is open to the public, many areas are also private. Follow
signs and stay on planned paths (路径) to avoid harming crops (庄稼) and animals or getting lost.
Use gates and paths. Leave gates as you found them or follow instructions on signs to prevent
animals from escaping or being unable to reach food.
Leave nothing behind.
If you have a picnic, make sure that you clear up afterwards and take all your litter home.
4 If you have a dog, please always carry bags to collect dog waste. Dispose of (处理) it in a
public bin (垃圾桶) or take it home.
To protect the wild environment, you should:
●be careful not to step on plants
●keep a respectful distance from wild birds and animals
●keep your dogs under control, on a lead or within your sight
Before you hit the road, you should:
●design your route (路线) by using maps or apps
●check the weather conditions and make sure you are dressed correctly
● 5
A．Keep to path.
B．Rubbish can be harmful to wildlife.
C．take water and snacks to keep you going
D．Here are the main things that you need to know.
E．However, if you’re not cycling or riding, you should watch out for slower walkers.
B
Do you remember the days when you had to look up words in a big, heavy dictionary on
your bookshelf Well, those days are almost over. But don’t be sad! Because we all have our own
special “dictionary” that we carry with us all the time. It’s not the kind you can touch on your
phone or hold in your hands. 1 Our mental (心理的) dictionary is a lot like a regular
(常规的) dictionary. It has all kinds of information about words. It knows what letters are in a
word, how to say it, and what it means. It knows if a word is a noun (名词), a verb (动词), or
something else. 2 A regular dictionary is good for everyone to learn the same words and
meanings. 3 It’s made up of all the things we’ve learned and experienced in our lives.
If you and someone else speak the same language, some of the words in your mental
dictionaries might be the same. 4 We add new words to our mental dictionary from
going to school, having a job, learning about different cultures, and all the other things we do in
life. Because of this, everyone’s mental dictionary is a little bit different in size. Scientists found
that a 20-year-old who speaks American English usually knows about 42, 000 different words. By
the time they’re 60, they might know around 48, 000 words. 5
Remember, the words you say and the mental dictionary you have are what make you
special and different from everyone else.
A．It’s the one in our minds.
B．And some people know even more!
C．But our mental dictionary is just for us.
D．But there will also be a lot of words that are different.
E．And it can also tell us how to put words together to make good sentences.
C
根据短文内容，从下面所给的 A、B、C、D、E 五个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，
使文章内容完整且符合逻辑。
Seeing is believing, but if our eyes don’t work, how can we see to believe
Today more and more kids wear glasses before going to middle school. 1 But we
must protect our eyes because they help us see the world.
Love our eyes. Every day, we see friends, parents, flowers, and trees. Without them, there is
only darkness (黑暗). 2 How important our eyes are!
Remember to rest our eyes. 3 At school, we need to do eye exercises to rest our
eyes. Closing our eyes or looking at green trees helps them relax.
4 Keep books 30cm away from our eyes. Don’t touch our eyes with dirty hands.
Use eye drops (滴眼液) before and after swimming. 5
If we take good care of our eyes, we can enjoy the beauty of the world for a lifetime.
A．Have good habits.
B．It is like a house without any light.
C．Eat healthy food like carrots, fish, and eggs.
D．After using the computer for an hour or two, we need to take a 30-minute rest.
E．That’s because they spend too much time watching TV or playing computer games.
【拔高试题】
A
Our lives have become more digital in the modern world. We can study, find information, play
games and communicate with friends through computers and smart phones. 1 According to
the American Optometric Association, 70—75% of computer workers have eye problems.
Digital eyestrain (眼 睛 疲 劳 ) is one of the most common problems. People with digital
eyestrain may get headache, dry and red eyes, eye pain and other problems. 2 “More
children get cell phones at the younger ages and use them very often during the day,” Sarah
Hinkley, spokeswoman for the American Optometric Association told USA Today.
3
When using a computer, first sit in your chair and extend (伸展) your arm. Your hand should
rest comfortably. Increase text size until your eyes feel comfortable.
When you are using mobile devices (设备), keep them at least 30cm from your eyes and just
below eye level. 4
Remember to take a 20-20-20 break: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at
something 20 feet (around 6 meters) away.
5 Eye doctors suggest that children should spend no more than one to two hours in
front of a screen per day.
选择恰当的句子补全短文，使文章内容完整、通顺。
A．Try not to use them in direct sunlight.
B．These problems have started to increase among kids.
C．However, spending a lot of time using digital devices is bad for our eyes.
D．Of course, the best way to protect your eyes is to spend less time on digital devices.
E．The good news is that there’re many things you can do to help avoid digital eyestrain.
B
How do you read books Do you read all the books in the same way 1
The book you read for pleasure can be read in a state (状态) of relaxation, and nothing is
left in your mind. But for a great book, rich in ideas, you can’t let your eyes just move across the
lines. You should come up with an understanding of what you have read. 2 You know you
have to read “between the lines” to get the information.
There are three kinds of book owners. 3 The second has most of the books that are
as clean as those on the day they were bought. The third has a few dog-eared (翻折) books, which
are marked from front to back. Why is marking a book necessary 4 And reading is
thinking. The marked book is usually the thought-through book. However, you shouldn’t mark a
book which isn’t yours. People who lend you books expect you to keep them clean. If you think it
is useful to mark books, you will have to buy them.
There are two ways in which one can own a book. One is to pay for it, just as you pay for
clothes and furniture (家具). But full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of
yourself. 5 Writing helps you remember the thoughts you had a lot, or the thoughts the
writer expressed.
Do you agree with me Tell me about your experience of reading!
根据短文内容，将下面选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺（每个选项只能用一
次)。
A．The best way to be a full owner is by writing it.
B．Here are some ideas that I’d like to share with you.
C．Because it keeps you awake.
D．If reading is to learn anything more than passing time, it must be active.
E．The first has all the books that are unread and untouched.
C
We all know that exercise is good for us, don’t we 1 Just thinking about having
to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up!
However, did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport
2 Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that
create a good feeling. Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier. Moreover,
regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily. Finally, if we connect our
exercise with a healthy diet, we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves.
Sounds like a good deal, doesn’t it
3 If exercise hasn’t been part of your life for a long time, there is no point
training for a marathon（马拉松）: you will soon give up and go back to your old ways! Walking
and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a
fitness habit.
Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy. Some people
simply go jogging while listening to their favourite music. Others take up activities such as
dancing or playing basketball with their friends. Make the experience more enjoyable as you work
out. 4
It doesn’t matter how much we exercise. Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance.
5 Who wouldn’t want that
A．Start small!
B．That way, you’ll never give it up!
C．It’s about being healthier and feeling happier.
D．For a start, exercise is not just about the body.
E．But we also know that not everybody loves doing it.阅读理解之五选五
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
1. 逻辑衔接与上下文关联
重点：需识别段落间逻辑关系（如因果、转折、并列），并利用过渡词（however, therefore,
for example）判断选项与上下文的连贯性。
难点：干扰项常通过“部分关联”或“无逻辑关联”制造混淆，例如选项看似合理但与段落主
题无关。
2. 代词指代与复现线索
重点：关注代词（it, they, this）的指代对象，以及名词、动词的复现（如原词、同义词、
近义词）。
难点：跨段落指代或隐含指代需结合全文逻辑推断，例如“such phenomena”需回溯前文同
类现象。
3. 选项干扰与陷阱设置
高频陷阱：
绝对化表述：如“all”“never”等词常为错误选项。
偷换概念：替换原文关键词（如将“reduce”改为“eliminate”）。
无中生有：选项内容未在原文出现。
4. 长难句与复杂结构
难点：嵌套从句（如定语从句、状语从句）或被动语态需拆解分析，例如“The project, which
was launched last year, aims to...”需明确“which”指代对象。
5. 多模态文本与跨学科融合
新趋势：可能结合图表、说明书等非连续性文本，需整合图文信息（如流程图配说明文字）。
二、解题步骤与技巧
1. 通读全文，把握主旨与结构
方法：快速浏览段落首尾句，确定主题（如环保、科技），标注逻辑信号词（如“firstly”“in
addition”）。
示例：若段落首句为“Plastic pollution threatens marine life”，可预判后文讨论危害或解决方
案。
2. 分析选项，标记关键词
技巧：
原词复现：如原文出现“renewable energy”，选项可能用“solar/wind power”替换。
逻辑词匹配：选项含“however”则对应上下文转折关系。
3. 定位空格，上下文推理
段首空：多为段落主题句，需概括后文内容。
段中空：关注前后句逻辑（如举例、解释），利用代词或连接词锁定答案。
段尾空：总结性结论或呼吁性语句，如“Therefore, immediate action is needed.”。
4. 排除干扰，验证答案
原则：代入选项后，检查是否与段落逻辑一致，排除矛盾项。
验证方法：若选项含“for instance”，需前文有观点、后文有例子支持。
三、预测分析
1. 命题趋势
题型分布：5 题，每空 2 分，总 10 分；首尾段设空概率高（约 40%），段中设空侧重逻辑
衔接。
选材方向：
本土文化：如河南非遗技艺（唐三彩制作）、黄河生态保护案例。
科技热点：AI 在农业/教育中的应用、智能家居场景。
社会议题：青少年心理健康、垃圾分类行动倡议。
2. 高频考点
逻辑推理题（占比 50%）：转折、因果、并列关系判断。
代词指代题（占比 20%）：it/they 指代前文单复数主体。
主旨概括题（占比 20%）：段首/段尾总结句。
细节匹配题（占比 10%）：数据、步骤、特征对应。
3. 备考建议
强化训练：每周精练 3-4 篇真题，标注逻辑词和复现线索。
限时模拟：每篇控制在 8 分钟内，段首题 2 分钟，段中/尾题各 1.5 分钟。
错题归类：总结干扰项类型（如偷换概念、无逻辑关联）。
总结：2025 年河南中考五选五需重点把握逻辑衔接与本土化选材，通过精准定位和复现线
索提升准确率，同时适应多模态文本的新趋势。
【基础试题】
A
Having trouble getting out of bed for school on Monday mornings This year’s World Sleep
Day on March 21 has brought more attention to the problem of teenagers not getting enough sleep.
1 Homework, after-school activities and using electronic devices(电子设备) are
all reasons. For example, in the US, 77.3 percent of high school students don’t get enough sleep,
said USAFACTS.
Good sleep is important for everyone, and it is especially important for teenagers. 2
This is because adolescence(青 春 期 ) is a time of deep mental(心 理 的 ), physical and social
change.
3 It helps improve attention, memory and thinking skills, Harvard Health pointed
out.
Sleep also helps teenagers become more creative. This relationship was first studied in the
late 20th century, when scientists at Loughborough University in the UK did a test. 4 The
first group did worse on the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. They kept making she same
mistakes and couldn’t think of new ideas.
More recently, in 2023, the US Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) found that
“sleep onset” is especially helpful for creativity. 5 If people are guided to dream a-bout a
certain task during sleep onset, they can do that task more creatively after waking up, according to
MIT News.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内
容完整。
A．They compared the creative performance of people who didn’t sleep well and those who slept
normally.
B．Many teenagers feel sleepy during the day.
C．This special sleep stage happens when we are just starting to fall asleep.
D．They need nine to ten hours of sleep each day more than adults, said the US National Institute
of Health.
E．For students, sleep plays a key role in doing well in school.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．C
【难度】0.85
【知识点】青少年问题
【导语】本文围绕青少年睡眠问题展开，探讨了睡眠不足的现状、睡眠时长需求、睡眠对学
习与创造力的促进作用，并提出改善睡眠的建议。
1．根据“Homework, after-school activities and using electronic devices (电子设备) are all
reasons. For example, in the US, 77.3 percent of high school students don’t get enough sleep, said
USAFACTS.”可知，此处需总述青少年睡眠不足的普遍现象。选项 B 描述“许多青少年在白
天感到困倦。”符合语境。故选 B。
2．根据上文“Good sleep is especially important for teenagers”，以及下文“This is because
adolescence is a time of deep mental, physical and social change”。可知，此处需填青少年的睡
眠需求。选项 D“美国国家卫生研究院表示，他们每天需要比成年人多 9 到 10 小时的睡眠。”
符合语境。故选 D。
3．根据下文提到“It helps improve attention, memory and thinking skills”可知，此处需说明睡
眠对学生的积极作用。选项 E“对于学生来说，睡眠对在学校表现良好起着关键作用。”符合
语境。故选 E。
4．根据上文“This relationship was first studied in the late 20th century, when scientists at
Loughborough University in the UK did a test.”以及下文“The first group did worse on the
Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking.”可知，此处应填入测试内容。选项 A“他们比较了睡眠不
好的人和正常睡眠的人的创造力表现。”符合语境。故选 A。
5．根据上文“sleep onset is especially helpful for creativity”，以及下文“If people are guided to
dream a-bout a certain task during sleep onset, they can do that task more creatively after waking
up, according to MIT News.”可知，此处应解释“sleep onset”的定义，选项 C“当我们开始入睡
时，这个特殊的睡眠阶段就会发生。”符合语境。故选 C。
B
补全短文 根据短文内容，从短文后的 A-E 选项中，选出适当的选项补全短文，并涂在答
题卡上相应的位置。
Asking for advice can be scary In a recent study, 74 percent said they were afraid to ask
for advice. But people who ask for advice are easier to succeed at a task. 1 Here are a
few tips.
2 It might be easy to ask all people around you for advice at once, but will you
value all advice Probably not. It might be better to choose one or two people whose opinions you
value the most. You can ask for advice from people who have experience in the topic.
3 Finding the right time to ask for advice is important. If what you are asking
needs a lot of thought, you should ask people when they are free and clear-headed.
Be specific (具体的) in your questioning. 4 Do you ask a business owner,
“What advice do you have for me ” No, because it’s not specific enough. Instead, try asking,
“What college classes did you find helpful for starting a business ”
5 If you can’t solve your problem by following the first person’s advice, why not
ask someone else who may have a different opinion
The key is: Don’t be afraid to ask for advice.
A．Think about when to ask.
B．So how do you ask for advice
C．Ask somebody for a second opinion.
D．Look for the best person to give you advice.
E．Imagine you want to own a business someday.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．C
【难度】0.85
【知识点】方法/策略
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些寻求建议的方法。
1．根据上文“But people who ask for advice are easier to succeed at a task.”及下文主要讲述寻求
建议的方法可知，此处表示如何寻求建议，选项 B“那么，你如何寻求建议呢？”符合语境。
故选 B。
2．根据下文“It might be better to choose one or two people whose opinions you value the most.
You can ask for advice from people who have experience in the topic.”可知，此处表示找合适的
人寻求建议，选项 D“寻找最合适的人给你建议。”符合语境。故选 D。
3．根据下文“Finding the right time to ask for advice is important.”可知，此处与寻求建议的时
机有关，选项 A“想想什么时候问。”符合语境。故选 A。
4．根据下文“Do you ask a business owner…‘What college classes did you find helpful for
starting a business ’”可知，此处与做生意有关，选项 E“想象一下，有一天你想拥有一家企业。”
符合语境。故选 E。
5．根据下文“If you can’t solve your problem by following the first person’s advice, why not ask
someone else who may have a different opinion ”可知，此处与询问其他可能有不同意见的人有
关，选项 C“征求别人的其他意见。”符合语境。故选 C。
C
People know the danger of fires. It’s good for a family to learn how to prepare for a fire.
Here are some suggestions:
Put a smoke alarm in the house. Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off. 1 The
sound tells everyone to leave the house at once.
2 They should know all the ways out of the house. If there is a fire, everyone follows
the plan to get out. Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened
easily.
Buy fire extinguishers (灭 火 器 ) and put them in the house. Besides, family members
should know how to use them. Practice for a fire. We do fire practices because we need to teach
children about fire safety. Everyone in the family should know the following fire rules:
*Don’t open a hot door! 3
*Stay close to the floor! Smoke can be more dangerous than fire. The best air is near the
floor because smoke rises.
*What will you do if your hair or clothes start to burn First, stop! Don’t run! The fire
burns faster because of more air. Drop! Fall to the floor. Then roll! 4 Put a wet blanket (毯
子) around you to keep air away from the fire that may still be on you.
There are any possible causes for fires. 5 If there is a fire, don’t forget to call 119 for
help.
A．A wise family is ready all the time.
B．The alarm makes a loud sound.
C．Make escape (逃跑；逃脱) plans.
D．Turning over and over will make the fire go out.
E．The fire can grow more quickly if you open the door.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．A
【难度】0.85
【知识点】安全守则、自我保护
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要写了如何为火灾做准备, 包括安装烟雾报警器、制定逃生
计划、购买灭火器并学会使用、进行火灾演练以及注意火灾的可能原因。此外, 还强调了火
灾中的安全规则, 如不开热门、靠近地面等。最后提醒在火灾发生时拨打 119 求助。
1．根据上文“Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off.”及下文“The sound tells everyone to
leave the house at once.”可知，火灾产生的烟雾会使警报器响起, 警报器发出的声音提醒每个
人立刻离开房屋，B 选项“警报器发出很响的声音”，符合语境。故选 B。
2．根据下文“If there is a fire, everyone follows the plan to get out.”可知，如果发生火灾，每个
人都按照计划逃生。由此可知此句介绍了如何逃生，C 选项“制定逃生计划”，符合语境。故
选 C。
3．根据上文“Don’t a hot door!”可知，不要打开高温的门。如果打开的话，大火会蔓延得更
快。E 选项“如果打开的话，大火会蔓延得更快”，符合语境。故选 E。
4．根据上文“Fall the roll.”可知，如果大火烧到头发或衣服，那就滚。此处 D 选项“翻来覆去
地滚会让火熄灭”,符合语境。 故选 D。
5．根据上文“There are any possible causes for fires.”可知，引起火灾的原因很多，所以，A 选
项“明智的家庭随时做好准备”，符合语境。故选 A。
【提升试题】
A
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。
Spring is a lovely time for getting in the countryside to admire all the beautiful colors in the
nature. However, do you know that there are so many guidelines for enjoying the great outdoor
1
Care for each other.
Be sure to be friendly to people who live and work in the countryside, as well as the travel
companions. That means sharing spaces and not making too much noise. Cyclists (people who
ride bikes) have to give way to walkers. 2
3
While much of the countryside is open to the public, many areas are also private. Follow
signs and stay on planned paths (路径) to avoid harming crops (庄稼) and animals or getting lost.
Use gates and paths. Leave gates as you found them or follow instructions on signs to prevent
animals from escaping or being unable to reach food.
Leave nothing behind.
If you have a picnic, make sure that you clear up afterwards and take all your litter home.
4 If you have a dog, please always carry bags to collect dog waste. Dispose of (处理) it in a
public bin (垃圾桶) or take it home.
To protect the wild environment, you should:
●be careful not to step on plants
●keep a respectful distance from wild birds and animals
●keep your dogs under control, on a lead or within your sight
Before you hit the road, you should:
●design your route (路线) by using maps or apps
●check the weather conditions and make sure you are dressed correctly
● 5
A．Keep to path.
B．Rubbish can be harmful to wildlife.
C．take water and snacks to keep you going
D．Here are the main things that you need to know.
E．However, if you’re not cycling or riding, you should watch out for slower walkers.
【答案】1．D 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】意见/建议、旅行
【导语】本文主要介绍了去乡村游玩时的一些注意事项。
1．根据“do you know that there are so many guidelines for enjoying the great outdoor ”及后文介
绍户外活动的指南可知，选项 D“以下是你需要知道的主要事情”引出下文，符合语境。故选
D。
2．根据“Cyclists (people who ride bikes) have to give way to walkers.”可知，此处讲述不同出行
方式人群的礼仪，选项 E“然而，如果你不是在骑行，就应该注意走得较慢的步行者”符合语
境。故选 E。
3．根据“Follow signs and stay on planned paths to avoid harming crops and animals or getting
lost. Use gates and paths.”可知，本段讲述乡村旅游时遵循标志并在规划的道路上走，以免伤
害动植物或迷路，选项 A“请沿着道路行走”符合语境。故选 A。
4．根据“take all your litter home”可知，此处讲述垃圾相关内容，选项 B“垃圾可能对野生动
物有害”符合语境。故选 B。
5．根据“Before you hit the road, you should...”可知，此处讲述出行前的准备事项，选项 C“带
上水和零食让你保持体力”符合语境。故选 C。
B
Do you remember the days when you had to look up words in a big, heavy dictionary on
your bookshelf Well, those days are almost over. But don’t be sad! Because we all have our own
special “dictionary” that we carry with us all the time. It’s not the kind you can touch on your
phone or hold in your hands. 1 Our mental (心理的) dictionary is a lot like a regular
(常规的) dictionary. It has all kinds of information about words. It knows what letters are in a
word, how to say it, and what it means. It knows if a word is a noun (名词), a verb (动词), or
something else. 2 A regular dictionary is good for everyone to learn the same words and
meanings. 3 It’s made up of all the things we’ve learned and experienced in our lives.
If you and someone else speak the same language, some of the words in your mental
dictionaries might be the same. 4 We add new words to our mental dictionary from
going to school, having a job, learning about different cultures, and all the other things we do in
life. Because of this, everyone’s mental dictionary is a little bit different in size. Scientists found
that a 20-year-old who speaks American English usually knows about 42, 000 different words. By
the time they’re 60, they might know around 48, 000 words. 5
Remember, the words you say and the mental dictionary you have are what make you
special and different from everyone else.
A．It’s the one in our minds.
B．And some people know even more!
C．But our mental dictionary is just for us.
D．But there will also be a lot of words that are different.
E．And it can also tell us how to put words together to make good sentences.
【答案】1．A 2．E 3．C 4．D 5．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】哲理感悟、语言与文化
【导语】本文主要介绍了心理字典。
1．根据“It’s not the kind you can touch on your phone or hold in your hands. ”和“Our mental
dictionary is a lot like a regular dictionary”可知，空处提到的应是心理上的字典，选项 A“它是
在我们心里的字典。”符合语境。故选 A。
2．根据“It has all kinds of information about words. It knows what letters are in a word, how to
say it, and what it means. It knows if a word is a noun, a verb, or something else”可知，此处在介
绍常规的字典的功用，选项 E“它也能告诉我们如何把这些词组在一起造成好句。”符合语境。
故填 E。
3．根据“It’s made up of all the things we’ve learned and experienced in our lives.”可知，此处在
介绍心理上的字典和常规字典的不同，选项 C“我们的心理字典只是为我们而准备的。”符合
语境。故选 C。
24．根据“If you and someone else speak the same language, some of the words in your mental
dictionaries might be the same. ”可知，前文指出“部分词汇相同”，选项 D“但是也有很多不同
的词。”符合语境。故选 D。
5．根据“Scientists found that a 20-year-old who speaks American English usually knows about
42, 000 different words. By the time they’re 60, they might know around 48, 000 words.”可知，前
文数据说明词汇量随年龄增长，此处在作补充说明，选项 B“有些人甚至知道更多！”符合语
境。故选 B。
C
根据短文内容，从下面所给的 A、B、C、D、E 五个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，
使文章内容完整且符合逻辑。
Seeing is believing, but if our eyes don’t work, how can we see to believe
Today more and more kids wear glasses before going to middle school. 1 But we
must protect our eyes because they help us see the world.
Love our eyes. Every day, we see friends, parents, flowers, and trees. Without them, there is
only darkness (黑暗). 2 How important our eyes are!
Remember to rest our eyes. 3 At school, we need to do eye exercises to rest our
eyes. Closing our eyes or looking at green trees helps them relax.
4 Keep books 30cm away from our eyes. Don’t touch our eyes with dirty hands.
Use eye drops (滴眼液) before and after swimming. 5
If we take good care of our eyes, we can enjoy the beauty of the world for a lifetime.
A．Have good habits.
B．It is like a house without any light.
C．Eat healthy food like carrots, fish, and eggs.
D．After using the computer for an hour or two, we need to take a 30-minute rest.
E．That’s because they spend too much time watching TV or playing computer games.
【答案】1．E 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】身体部位
【导语】本文围绕眼睛保护展开，指出如今很多孩子上中学前就戴眼镜，强调眼睛对看世界
的重要性，介绍了如让眼睛休息、养成良好习惯等保护眼睛的方法，呼吁人们好好保护眼睛
以享受世界之美。
1．根据“Today more and more kids wear glasses before going to middle school.”可知，空格处需
解释孩子们为什么戴眼镜的原因。选项 E“那是因为他们花费太多时间看电视或玩电脑游戏”
符合语境，故选 E。
2．根据“Without them, there is only darkness (黑暗).”可知，对于孩子们来说，没有眼睛就像
一个房子里没有灯光一样。选项 B“这就像一个没有任何灯光的房子”符合语境，故选 B。
3．根据“Remember to rest our eyes.”可知，这里需表示孩子们需要适当让眼睛休息。选项 D“使
用电脑一两个小时后，我们需要休息 30 分钟”，是具体的让眼睛休息的做法，符合语境。故
选 D。
4．根据“Keep books 30cm away from our eyes.”可知，空格处为总结本段内容。选项 A“养成
良好习惯”能统领后文内容，符合语境。故选 A。
5．根据“Don’t touch our eyes with dirty hands. Use eye drops (滴眼液) before and after
swimming.”可知，此处应继续补充护眼方法，选项 C“吃像胡萝卜、鱼和鸡蛋这样的健康食
物”符合语境，故选 C。
【拔高试题】
A
Our lives have become more digital in the modern world. We can study, find information, play
games and communicate with friends through computers and smart phones. 1 According to
the American Optometric Association, 70—75% of computer workers have eye problems.
Digital eyestrain (眼 睛 疲 劳 ) is one of the most common problems. People with digital
eyestrain may get headache, dry and red eyes, eye pain and other problems. 2 “More
children get cell phones at the younger ages and use them very often during the day,” Sarah
Hinkley, spokeswoman for the American Optometric Association told USA Today.
3
When using a computer, first sit in your chair and extend (伸展) your arm. Your hand should
rest comfortably. Increase text size until your eyes feel comfortable.
When you are using mobile devices (设备), keep them at least 30cm from your eyes and just
below eye level. 4
Remember to take a 20-20-20 break: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at
something 20 feet (around 6 meters) away.
5 Eye doctors suggest that children should spend no more than one to two hours in
front of a screen per day.
选择恰当的句子补全短文，使文章内容完整、通顺。
A．Try not to use them in direct sunlight.
B．These problems have started to increase among kids.
C．However, spending a lot of time using digital devices is bad for our eyes.
D．Of course, the best way to protect your eyes is to spend less time on digital devices.
E．The good news is that there’re many things you can do to help avoid digital eyestrain.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．E 4．A 5．D
【难度】0.4
【知识点】意见/建议
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了现在很多人正在经历眼睛疲劳，并给出了减少
眼睛疲劳的方法。
1．根据后文“According to the American Optometric Association, 70—75% of computer workers
have eye problems.”可知，此处说的是人们在使用电子设备后可能会出现眼部问题，选项C“然
而，花费大量时间使用电子产品，对我们的眼睛有害。”符合语境。故选 C。
2．根据后文“More children get cell phones at the younger ages and use them very often during
the day”可知，此处说的是孩子们的用眼问题，选项 B“这些问题开始在孩子们中增长。”符合
语境。故选 B。
3．根据后文“When using a computer, first sit in your chair and extend (伸展) your arm. Your
hand should rest comfortably. Increase text size until your eyes feel comfortable.”可知，此处主要
是在说为了避免眼部疲劳可以做一些事情，选项 E“好消息是你可以做很多事情来帮助避免
眼部疲劳。”符合语境。故选 E。
4．根据前文“When you are using mobile devices (设备), keep them at least 30cm from your eyes
and just below eye level. ”可知，此处是接着说为了保护眼睛，最好不要做的事情，选项 A“最
好不要在阳光直射的地方使用电子设备。”符合语境。故选 A。
5．根据后文“Eye doctors suggest that children should spend no more than one to two hours in
front of a screen per day.”可知，此处是说看电子产品的时长，选项 D“当然保护你眼睛的最好
的方式是少看电子产品。”符合语境。故选 D。
B
How do you read books Do you read all the books in the same way 1
The book you read for pleasure can be read in a state (状态) of relaxation, and nothing is
left in your mind. But for a great book, rich in ideas, you can’t let your eyes just move across the
lines. You should come up with an understanding of what you have read. 2 You know you
have to read “between the lines” to get the information.
There are three kinds of book owners. 3 The second has most of the books that are
as clean as those on the day they were bought. The third has a few dog-eared (翻折) books, which
are marked from front to back. Why is marking a book necessary 4 And reading is
thinking. The marked book is usually the thought-through book. However, you shouldn’t mark a
book which isn’t yours. People who lend you books expect you to keep them clean. If you think it
is useful to mark books, you will have to buy them.
There are two ways in which one can own a book. One is to pay for it, just as you pay for
clothes and furniture (家具). But full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of
yourself. 5 Writing helps you remember the thoughts you had a lot, or the thoughts the
writer expressed.
Do you agree with me Tell me about your experience of reading!
根据短文内容，将下面选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺（每个选项只能用一
次)。
A．The best way to be a full owner is by writing it.
B．Here are some ideas that I’d like to share with you.
C．Because it keeps you awake.
D．If reading is to learn anything more than passing time, it must be active.
E．The first has all the books that are unread and untouched.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】学习策略、阅读
【导语】本文主要就如何阅读和阅读方式给出了一些建议。
1．根据上文“How do you read books Do you read all the books in the same way ”可知，此句
关于阅读分享，选项 B“这儿有一些想法，我想与你分享。”符合语境。故选 B。
2．根据下文“You know you have to read ‘between the lines’ to get the information.”可知，此句
表达积极阅读，选项 D“如果阅读不仅仅是为了打发时间，那么它必须是积极的。”符合题意。
故选 D。
3．根据前句“There are three kinds of book owners.”及下文“The second has most of the books
that are as clean as those on the day they were bought.”可知，此句表达第一种图书拥有者是什
么情况，选项 E“第一种是他拥有的所有书，从没读过和触摸过。”符合题意。故选 E。
4．根据上文“Why is marking a book necessary ”可知，下文应回答做记号的原因，使用 because
回答（why 引导的特殊疑问句，要用 because 回答），选项 C“因为它让你保持清醒。”符合题
意。故选 C。
5．根据下文“But full ownership … Writing helps you remember the thoughts you had a lot, or the
thoughts the writer expressed.”可知，此句关于完全拥有和写作的关系，选项 A“成为完全拥有
者的最好方法是写下来。”符合题意。故选 A。
C
We all know that exercise is good for us, don’t we 1 Just thinking about having
to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up!
However, did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport
2 Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that
create a good feeling. Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier. Moreover,
regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily. Finally, if we connect our
exercise with a healthy diet, we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves.
Sounds like a good deal, doesn’t it
3 If exercise hasn’t been part of your life for a long time, there is no point
training for a marathon（马拉松）: you will soon give up and go back to your old ways! Walking
and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a
fitness habit.
Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy. Some people
simply go jogging while listening to their favourite music. Others take up activities such as
dancing or playing basketball with their friends. Make the experience more enjoyable as you work
out. 4
It doesn’t matter how much we exercise. Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance.
5 Who wouldn’t want that
A．Start small!
B．That way, you’ll never give it up!
C．It’s about being healthier and feeling happier.
D．For a start, exercise is not just about the body.
E．But we also know that not everybody loves doing it.
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C
【难度】0.4
【知识点】健康与运动、方法/策略
【导语】本文讲述做锻炼的好处，讲述锻炼应从小的方面着手，做让人享受的运动，这样才
能让人更健康更开心。
1．根据“Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people
want to lie down and give up”可知，跑或者游泳很长一段路会让人想躺倒放弃，可知讲述锻炼
对人有好处，但是不是每个人都会喜欢。E 选项“但是我们也知道不是每个人都喜欢做这件
事”符合。故选 E。
2．根据“Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a
good feeling”及“Moreover, regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily”可
知，身体的运动引起人的大脑的变化，帮助人感觉更新鲜更容易睡着，可知讲述除了身体，
锻炼对人其他方面的影响。D 选项“首先，锻炼不只是关于身体方面的”符合。故选 D。
3．根据“give up and go back to your old ways”及“Walking and riding bikes around the local park
for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit”可知，每天走路骑自行车十分
钟是形成锻炼习惯的好方法，这样人不会放弃，可知句子讲述应从小的方面着手。A 选项“从
小的方面开始”符合。故选 A。
4．根据“Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy”及“Make
the experience more enjoyable as you work out”可知，选择的锻炼活动不仅能有益于身体，而
且让人享受。可知句子讲述让人享受的运动对人的益处。B 选项“那样的话，你就永不会放
弃”符合。故选 B。
5．根据“Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance”可知，有规律的锻炼不只是关于外
表，根据前文讲述对人其他方面的益处，以及锻炼让人享受，可推断，句子讲述锻炼更多的
是让人健康让人开心。C 选项“是关于更健康和感觉更开心”符合。故选 C。
