【高考押题卷】2025年高考英语预测考前冲刺--记叙文语法填空（含答案与解析）
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| 名称 | 【高考押题卷】2025年高考英语预测考前冲刺--记叙文语法填空（含答案与解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2025-05-20 10:27:49 | ||
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高考英语考前冲刺押题预测 记叙文语法填空
一．语法填空（共20小题）
1．（2025 腾冲市校级二模） It rained every day during our visit to Suzhou，a city （1） （build）on and around fresh water.Nearly half of the area is covered by lakes，streams and ponds.
Water is one of the four （2） （symbol）elements in a Chinese garden；it represents the ever﹣changing environment.Other elements include（3） （rock）symbolizing eternity（永恒） ，plant life to show the shift of the seasons and structures constructed to compose a view or present themselves （4） part of a view.
Our guide，Cathy，（5） （careful）led us along stone paths and zigzag walkways."Suzhou classical gardens were constructed by talented scholars hundreds of years ago，"she said."I strongly recommend international tourists experience a special activity when visiting （6） garden."
While tea is offered at all of the gardens，some have classes and demonstrations.A flower arrangement class is available at the Lingering Garden and a lesson from a bonsai （盆景） master can（7） （arrange） at Tiger Hill.We can imagine （8） elegant these authentic experiences were in old times.
Structures are named （9） （reflect）their purpose，like the Mountain﹣in﹣View Tower，the Hall of Distant Fragrance and the"Keep and Listen"Pavilion.Cathy （10） （stop）by one last pond as we were leaving.Standing at the water's edge，she summarized our visit by calling our attention to a limestone（石灰岩） feature that lay ahead，the native trees and the overarching bridge."This is a wonderful view in the garden，"she said ever so softly."It has everything."
2．（2025 东城区一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
After a weekend trip，my friend and I（1） （drive） home when a blue car suddenly pulled up beside us at a stoplight.A woman and her little daughter excitedly told us shoes had flown（2） our car!We realized our other friend must have left them on the roof.We thanked them and went back to search，（3） we couldn't find the shoes until the same car reappeared!These kind strangers had circled back，（4） （spot） shoes and even picking them up for us.Their unexpected effort to help us out made our day.
B
Researchers have discovered that dogs can identify the voices of different members of their human family.The research team tested 31 pet dogs.Three human caretakers of each dog（5） （ask） to record their voices.Then they sat quietly in front of the dog while the recording played.The dogs usually approached﹣or at least spent more time looking at﹣the person （6） voice they heard.Experts hope to study whether other mammals have this skill，so they can better understand（7） different species learn to communicate with each other.
C
AI and learning have a powerful and collaborative relationship.AI acts as a smart tool，personalizing lessons（8） （match） each student's pace and needs，which makes learning more effective.It also supports teachers by automating tasks like grading，allowing them to focus more on instruction and student interaction.However，it is important to use AI responsibly﹣it should complement，not replace，the role of teachers and students.Ensuring （9） （fair），privacy，and ethical use is essential.When（10） （use） wisely，AI can transform education for the better.
3．（2025 虹口区二模）
Reverse Culture Shock Is Real
Returning from studying abroad was like being hit by a wave of reality.The initial shock wasn't in the customs or language differences I （1） （expect） abroad—it came when I stepped back into daily life in the U.S.
In Denmark and the other countries I visited， （2） （not understand） every word around me became strangely comforting.There was a quiet peace in not having to process every conversation，not being subjected to endless chatter.What struck me deeply was （3） English surrounded me once more，a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn't realize I'd grown tired of.
Then came the noise. （4） I had gotten used to the peacefulness，New York felt like a mixture of loud unpleasant sounds.Shouting is literally everywhere—it felt like everyone was always （5） a rush to fill the air with sound.It felt disturbing，especially when I （6） （throw） into chaos after months of peace.
The hardest part wasn't just adjusting to the noise，but the lack of agreement between my excitement to talk about my experiences and the blank stares I received in return.I longed （7） （share），but it felt like no one really understood.Only my fellow study﹣abroad friends could relate，and their sympathy was a comfort.
The biggest change，though，was internal.I had once been set on a future in cardiothoracic surgery （心胸外科手术）， （8） （convince） that medical school was my calling.Yet，living in Scandinavia shifted my perspective.Now，I'm researching global health.Life， （9） it happens，has a way of changing direction when you least expect it.Sometimes，the best opportunities come from saying yes to （10） unexpected，from stepping outside your comfort zone—and the people and experiences you meet along the way make it all worth it.
4．（2025 山东模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nursena Burus，a 19﹣year﹣old from the historical city of Manisa on Turkiye's Aegean coast， （1） （develop） a taste for Chinese culture thanks to its cuisine and her travels around the country in the past few months.For Burus，coming to China was not just a language learning opportunity but a chance to experience a culture（2） attracted her from afar.
She arrived in China in February 2024，just before Chinese New Year，and immediately involved（3） （she） in the lively，celebratory atmosphere.Red lanterns swayed in the wind，paper﹣cuttings adorned windows（4） spirited couplets decorated doorways.Everywhere she went，the streets were filled with red，a color of celebration and good luck.
As classes began in March，Burus quickly adapted to learning and living at Tianjin University.She（5） （regular） explored the university's cafeterias and discovered her favorite（6） （dish），including Peking Duck.She often followed the recommended foods on the popular short video﹣sharing platform Douyin（7） （explore） new restaurants and shared photos of her culinary adventures on her WeChat Moments.
Burus says that Chinese cuisines are rich and（8） （taste），and the convenient digital payment system amazes her.
Before（9） （leave） China earlier this year after she finished two semesters of a language﹣learning program，she left behind a wish bottle buried on campus，containing her desire to become a bridge for cultural exchanges（10） Turkiye and China.
5．（2025 重庆模拟） Patrick Sommier，a French theater director，has been devoted to passing on the true meaning of Chinese operas which，according to him，are the assembly of all art forms， （1） the French public.
On the occasion of the celebration for the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France in 2004，Sommier （2） （invite） to collaborate on a joint project with the Beijing Vocational College of Opera and Arts（BVCOA） to perform Beijing Opera in France.Unexpectedly，the beauty of Beijing Opera（3） （immediate） captured his heart.
Recalling his first （4） （cooperate） with the BVCOA，Sommier was highly impressed by the vigor of the actors （5） （hide） behind the make﹣ups and costumes，and the strength of the characters from the Chinese classics that evoked thoughts of the Greek tragedy genre.He was also touched by the Chinese （6） （professor） effort to pass their acting skills to their students by acting with them.He said，"In China，opera is （7） art requiring lifelong devotion， （8） performing effect largely depends on the actors' inner strength and excellent acting skills."Since then，Sommier has learned various performance forms from professionals of BVCOA （9） introduced many traditional Chinese operas to French audiences.
（10） （serve） as a cultural courier（使者） between the two countries for two decades，Sommier hopes that the French and Chinese will mutually impress each other with high﹣quality shows.
6．（2025 西城区一模）
A
Last summer，I joined a community garden project in my neighborhood.At first，I was nervous about working with （1） （stranger），but everyone was welcoming and enthusiastic.I learned how to plant vegetables and care for flowers.In autumn，we had a big harvest and decided to donate the fresh produce to a local food bank.I never expected that our small efforts could create such an effect.The surprise came when I received a thank﹣you letter from a family （2） benefited from our donations.It made me realize how powerful （3） （kind） can be!
B
Tsinghua University plans to increase its undergraduate enrollment（本科招生人数）（4） about 150 in 2025 and establish a new undergraduate school focused on combining artificial intelligence（AI） with various fields of study.The new school （5） （make） use of Tsinghua's strengths，（6） （highlight）AI's role in education and research.It （7） （aim） to explore AI﹣driven learning models and develop students with diverse skills，a solid understanding of AI and creative thinking.
C
At a 200﹣megawatt（兆瓦）wind farm in Hengshui，Hebei，the world's largest tonnage wheeled crane（起重机），the XCA4000，completed its first lift in March 2024.It （8） （lift） a 130﹣metric﹣ton nacelle，a 40﹣ton hub and three 95﹣meter﹣long blades weighing 28 tons each，to a height of 162 meters for assembly（组装） on the tower.The XCA4000 has a self﹣developed control system and technologies （9） （ensure） safety during operation.With more than a dozen sensors （10） （distribute） in the facility，it can detect and address potential safety dangers in real time.
7．（2025 嘉定区二模）
Race to the Frozen North
On April 6，1909，six determined men stood at the top of the world，claiming victory over one of Earth's last great frontiers—the North Pole.Their leader，Robert E.Peary，captured the historic moment in photographs as his team proudly held up their flags.Among them was Matthew Henson，an experienced explorer（1） skills had been vital to their success.He held a unique flag，（2） （sew）together from different pieces of fabric，while four expert Inuit hunters stood by his side.They guided the team through the endless frozen wilderness.
Reaching this ice﹣covered world was not easy.Many had tried before them，only（3） （force）back by terrible conditions.Peary's success was not just luck—it was careful strategy，perseverance，and the strength of his team.He relied heavily（4） Henson，who had journeyed with him through the Arctic before.Henson wasn't just an explorer；he was a survivalist，trained by the Inuit（因纽特人）in the art of handling the ice.
But no amount of skill （5） make overcoming the Arctic any easier.The wind screamed like a wild beast，and the temperature dropped to a freezing minus 60 degrees Fahrenheit.Henson later wrote in his journal， "Freezing of the whole front part of the face is an ordinary occurrence." Ice formed on their skin， （6） （bite）deeper with every burst of wind.Frostbite（冻疮）was a constant threat.Peary himself had lost toes on earlier adventures.
Despite （7） they endured，they kept pushing forward.Their food was simple but packed with energy：pemmican，a dense mixture of dried meat，animal fat，and berries.（8） it did little to satisfy true hunger，it did keep them alive.Their days were long and exhausting.Yet they refused to stop.
Then，at last，they arrived.The vast，icy emptiness （9） （stretch）in every direction.Henson，moving quickly ahead，was the first to mark their achievement.When Peary arrived，they planted their flags，securing their place in history.The impossible （10） （conquer）.
8．（2025 河南二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Wang Xiaoyun，a well﹣known Chinese cryptographer（密码学家），was horn in a teacher family in Zhucheng，Shandong in 1966.（1） （influence） by her father，she showed a strong interest in mathematics and physics from an early age.Doe to her excellent mathematics in the college entrance examination，she applied for the Department of Mathematics at Shandong University，（2） in 1987，she was admitted to the graduate school of Shandong University and studied analytic number theory with Professor Pan Chengdong，a famous mathematician.More than a year later，under the advice of the （3） （instruct），Wang Xiaoyun transferred to cryptography.
Over the years，the hash functions MD5 and SHA﹣1 have been （4） （general） recognized as the most advanced and widely﹣used important algorithms（算法） worldwide.According to the （5） （convention）method，even an advanced computer needs to be operated for 1 million years to be cracked.However，in 2004 and 2005，the two "fixed gold soup"algorithms were cracked by Wang Xiaoyun，（6） （cause）a strong "earthquake"in the international cryptography community.Moreover，in 2006，Wang Xiaoyun and domestic experts designed China's first hash function algorithm standard SM3，（7） security has been highly recognized at home and abroad.After the release of SM3，dozens of industry standards in the field of password﹣related fields（8） （release） and the country's understanding of cyber security issues became clearer and deeper."（9） （make）our network safer，we must use our research capabilities to do a good job of national password protection，"said Wang in terms（10） future research dreams.
9．（2025 辽宁模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our warm breath rose in the cold air as we waited at the gate of a remote village in Guizhou.Eventually the residents came to meet us.Their faces were （1） （pleasant）wrinkled.They chatted among （2） （them），slowly putting on clothes which each of them had invested dozens of hours （3） （sew）by hand.They spoke with a thick local dialect，and I spoke with my poor Chinese.We did not understand one another.Smiles served （4） our conversation.
The village was remote and unpolished.It was my first chance （5） （film）in a location that felt so authentic and that people truly （6） （live）in.There were rows of elderly villagers and a few women closer to my age （7） wore their finest silver upon their shoulders and heads.We started with a traditional Miao gate﹣blocking ceremony.Essentially you cannot enter until you drink wine. （8） silver women tip bowls of the wine into your mouth.Then we （9） （lead）to the village square to dance.Warm with wine，I didn't mind.Round and round we went for what seemed nearly 20 minutes.I feel fortunate to have seen the （10） （protect）of this part of cultural heritage.
10．（2025 门头沟区一模）
A
Every culture has unique social customs，often leading to surprises.Last year，in South Korea，I（1） （give） a wrapped gift and learned it's polite to open gifts privately.In contrast，in Brazil，hosts open birthday gifts immediately.These show how cultural customs vary in large（2） （quantity）.Over the years，I（3） （learn）that understanding these differences can help avoid misunderstandings from diverse backgrounds.
B
Wetlands，known as the"kidneys of the earth，"are crucial ecosystems between land and water.When （4） （view）from a distance，wetlands look very peaceful and beautiful.Acting as nature's "purifiers"，they can clean water，prevent floods and offer habitats，so experts emphasize（5） needs to be done to protect wetlands and ensure their（6） （survive）.In recent years，many nations have made（7） （big）efforts than ever before to preserve and restore these invaluable natural areas.
C
Emma，a kind﹣hearted volunteer，has visited over 50 orphanages globally to bring joy to needy kids.Her aim is to inspire others（8） （share） with the less fortunate selflessly.Lately，she went to a charitable institution for kids in Kenyan，（9） the children welcomed her with pleasant smiles and songs.Emma threw herself into various activities（10） hesitation，immediately making the atmosphere even more lively.Emma has touched countless children，showing them boundless love.
11．（2025 河北模拟） Maria，a student from Brazil ，chose to study at Beijing Language and Culture University （ BLCU）.Her experience has been both challenging and rewarding.Maria（1） （arrive） in Beijing with a basic understanding of Chinese but was eager to improve her language skills.
At BLCU，Maria found a （2） （support） environment.The university offers a variety of courses，（3） intensive Chinese language programs to cultural studies.And all those conveniences allowed Maria（4） （tailor） her studies to her interests.
One of the（5） （highlight） of Maria's experience was participating in cultural excursions organized by the university.These trips took her to historical sites and cultural events across Beijing，（6） （provide） a deeper understanding of Chinese traditions and modern life.Maria also appreciated the chance to join language competitions and talent shows，（7） not only boosted her confidence but also allowed her to make new friends from around the world.
Despite the academic rigor （严谨），Maria found the community at BLCU to be very welcoming.The university's nickname，"" Little United Nations，" （8） （reflect） its rich mix of students，with over 10，000 international students from more than 170 countries.This（9） （diverse） created a vibrant（充满活力的） campus life，with numerous cultural events and international festivals.
Maria's time at BLCU has been a transformative experience.She has not only improved her Chinese language skills（10） gained a deeper appreciation for Chinese culture.
12．（2025 丰台区一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Whales swim by moving their tails up and down.This motion（1） （create）pressure pulses（脉冲） which harm their brains.However，whales find a way（2） （avoid） such damage.Research has revealed that a network of blood vessels（血管） in their brains plays a crucial role.It can maintain stable blood pressure，（3） （effective）reducing over 90% of the potential harm.This discovery also helps explain（4） seals，which don't face the same issue，lack these structures.
B
In Traditional Chinese Medicine，cinnamon，known as "RouGui"，（5） （use） for centuries for its medicinal properties.It is considered a warming herb，meaning that it is believed to relieve pain and discomfort（6） （associate）with cold and damp conditions.Cinnamon can harmonize the body's energies and enhance overall well﹣being，which makes it a must for those（7） want to improve their immune system.
C
Last December，I ordered a warm hamburger at a food store.As I left the store，I noticed there was an older poor gentleman（8） （sit） at the bus stop.Knowing it would probably be his only warm meal of the day，I（9） （give） him the hamburger.But all was not lost for me.Another customer offered me half of her hamburger.I was so delighted because I realised that（10） one way or another，we are all looked after.
13．（2025 乌鲁木齐模拟） Jim Binkley，a Woodstock man，plays，builds，and teaches（1） most admired of all Chinese musical instruments﹣the guqin.
Binkley has （2） （actual） created some fifteen guqins over time，each one taking him a year or two（3） （make）.A guqin is composed of a top board﹣which is the soundboard，about 48 inches long and 8 inches at the widest point﹣and a bottom board for （4） （stable）.One hand plucks（拨） the nylon and metal strings of the instrument，（5） the other hand slides to press down the strings to play different notes，as on a violin.
Playing the guqin is an ancient Chinese musical art.Previously，this seven﹣stringed instrument （6） （use） to perform the oldest written music in formal ceremonies.
Binkley，a retired Portland State University professor who taught comnputer science from the mid﹣1990s until 2010 became interested in the guqin in 1975 when his roommate introduced him （7） guqin playing.When he returned to the United States he studied for a while at the University of Washingto（8） he met a guqin teacher who gave him lessons.
In the past，Binkley gave performances in formal concerts and elsewhere.He began giving guqin lessons in the late 1990s，when a friend talked him into（9） （teach） him how to play.By keeping this tradition alive，Binkley hopes to inspire （10） （other） to seek comfort and uplift through music，just as he discovered decades ago in that momentous encounter with his roommate.
14．（2025 潍坊模拟） Painter Feng Zikai（1898﹣1975）recalled his childhood enlightenment as he learned about painting in his article （1） （pen）in 1934.When he studied Chinese poetry and the Three﹣Character Classic，he found himself，instead of （2） （catch）by the text，seized by the illustrations.These images were so （3） （impress）that he began coloring them using paints from his family's dyehouse（染坊） .
"The children new to school enjoy coloring images in textbooks， "says Li Hongbo， （4） art professor at Jilin Normal University. "They may have limited understanding of colors，but they often take pride in their 'creations and find endless pleasure from such activities. " "These （5） （phenomenon）can serve as a gateway for children to learn about painting （6） reveal that textbooks from other subjects can contribute to the fundamental fine arts education，" says Li.
Feng's story （7） （show）visibly in the ongoing Mirror to the Future：Chinese Basic Art Education Literature Exhibition， （8） highlight is to show the development of the country's fundamental fine arts education since 1904.This exhibition displays the rich value of fine arts education in enhancing the ability to appreciate beauty，cultivate the soul and stimulate innovation.It also makes possible the （9） （integrate）of the rich resources into the field of education，giving full play to （10） （they）roles of preserving history and educating people.
15．（2025 福建模拟） A walk through the hutong near Beijing's Drum Tower is always like stepping back in time.But（1） one recent cold winter night，during a walk through a well﹣traveled hutong there，I found myself suddenly （2） （transport） back to my childhood years.
I was heading toward one of the （3） （area） two excellent CD record stores，when a display in a shop window caught my eye.Upon （4） （close） inspection，I realized the painting was a jigsaw puzzle，and the shop was devoted to such puzzles.When I stepped inside，the store's（5） （toast） warmth relighted fires in my heart and memory.Long ago，while doing the puzzles and searching （6） （endless） for the proper piece，I often found myself wondering whether perhaps I had lost a piece （7） maybe my cat had stolen one.To effectively solve problems，we need effort and rest；when stuck，we need a break to bring clearness，finding the missing piece rapidly.
Among the valuable lessons and rewards that these puzzles offer （8） （be） that patience and determination are enhanced.But what is most beneficial is how，like the detective Sherlock Holmes，we look for answers or clues，working tirelessly （9） （find） the perfect fit.It's an approach （10） pays off when we encounter any challenge that life presents.
16．（2025 江苏一模） China，a land of breathtaking landscapes，has left a lasting mark on my soul through my travels.Each destination，（1） （visit） at different times，offered unique and unforgettable experience.
Last spring，I made a journey to the Great Wall，a must﹣go place for foreigners like me.After days of eager（2） （anticipate），I arrived at Badaling in early April.The sun started to shine through the clouds as I began my climb.An （3） （elder） Chinese man，sensing my excitement，shared tales of how his grandfather helped repair the wall in his youth.Standing on that ancient structure， （4） （wind） across mountains like a dragon，I somewhat felt a connection to history.
A few months later，in July，I found（5） （me） in Guilin.The moment I'd heard of its beauty，I'd been eager to visit.I boarded a bamboo raft on the Li River.The owner，（6） joyful local，sang folk songs（7） we sailed through the beautiful scenery.The limestone karsts（喀斯特石）rose gracefully from the water，creating a dreamy，almost otherworldly backdrop.
Finally，in October，I made my way（8） Zhangye Danxia National Geopark.The long bus ride（9） （forget） instantly as I laid eyes on the rainbow﹣hued rock formations.A young artist was there，drawing the scene on canvas.His passion was infectious，and I spent hours fascinated by the surreal beauty.Each place，（10） I visited at these distinct times，added a new page to my love affair with China's landscapes.
17．（2025 重庆模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Father of China's Nuclear Submarines﹣Huang Xuhua
Huang Xuhua，known as the"Father of China's Nuclear Submarines"，left us on February 6th，2025.But his （1） （remark） deeds and unwavering spirit will always （2） （engrave） in our hearts and continue to illuminate China's path forward.
Born in Guangdong Province in 1926，Huang witnessed the （3） （suffer） of his homeland under foreign invasions during his childhood.These experiences planted （4） firm seed in his heart and he vowed to strive for a stronger China.
In the 1950s， （5） China embarked on the ambitious and challenging journey of developing nuclear submarines，Huang Xuhua with his team stepped up fearlessly. （6） （safeguard）the project's secrecy，they cut off contact with the outside world，even from their families.Without access （7） foreign expertise，they could only rely on their own research during the design and development.They used simple tools like abacuses and slide rules to calculate （8） （precise）.After years of hard work and numerous trials，in the 1970s，China's first nuclear submarine was successfully built and tested.This achievement （9） （mark） a significant milestone in China's naval history，making China one of the few countries with such advanced capabilities.Huang Xuhua continued to contribute to submarine technology advancements throughout his life.
Now，remember that his dedication and spirit have always been an inspiration to generations of Chinese.We should inherit his spirit，learning from his perseverance and courage.In our own lives，when （10） （face） with difficulties，we should also be willing to take on challenges and never give up.
18．（2025 辽宁模拟） Chinese influencer Li Ziqi made an （1） （expect）comeback on social media after a hiatus of over three years，delighting her fans with two new videos.The videos， （2） showcased the transformation of a shed into a woodland cloakroom and the （3） （create）of wardrobe doors using traditional Chinese lacquer ware techniques（雕漆工艺）， （4） （release）across platforms like Tiktok，Sina Weibo，and YouTube.
Despite her last content update on July 14，2021，Li's follower count continued to grow，with many fans （5） （eager）awaiting her return.Her new videos quickly propelled her to over 26.67 million followers on Sina Weibo and 50.15 million on Tiktok.
Li's return （6） （dominate）online trends，and she was met with an outpouring of support in the comment sections of her videos.She responded，expressing her own longing （7） her audience and promising to share （8） （much）when her schedule allows. "Miss you!" she wrote.
Starting in 2016，Li captivated audiences with her videos on Sina Weibo that depicted idyllic rural life，traditional cooking，and cultural practices.In 2020，she achieved a Guinness World Record for the most （9） （subscriber）on a Chinese﹣language YouTube channel， （10） （boast）11.4 million followers at that time.Her return to content creation is a significant event for her millions of fans worldwide.
19．（2025 河北模拟） Ye Jiaying，a famous scholar of classical literature，has devoted（1） （she） to lecturing college students since she returned to China from Canada in 1979.
Ye was born into a family of intellectuals in Beijing in 1924 and she（2） （expose） to classical poetry and the English language when she was young.By 15，Ye could write outstanding poems and even saw them（3） （publish） in the journal History of Chinese Literature.She graduated from Beijing Normal University with the（4） （high）score for her year in 1945.
In 1979，Ye gave up her job in Canada and worked（5） a teacher at the Department of Chinese Literature in Nankai University.She engaged in teaching college students about her unique understanding and profound knowledge of Chinese literature and poetry at several domestic universities，and received high acclaim from them in（6） process.
"I have been tasked with the mission（7） （pass） down classical Chinese poetry to the younger generation since it is so beautiful and valuable，"Ye often explained，speaking about（8） she kept on holding lectures well into her 90s.
She even donated all her（9） （collect） of books and paintings along with personal savings to Nankai University in 2016.
（10） （express） her concern for society，she once said，"I want to engage with the world.I want to do something for humankind.I can do it without seeking fame，but my inner peace and clarity（明晰） shall not be disturbed."
20．（2025 四川模拟） In East China's Anhui province，a 2﹣meter﹣wide alley separates a pair of gray walls.At first glance it may seem insignificant. （1） ，to those who know its history，Liuchi Alley in Tongcheng symbolizes much more than its initial appearance would suggest.
In the Qing Dynasty，there were two families both with （2） （influence） members within the court of Emperor Kangxi.To the south was the Zhang family and to the north was the Wu family.But the two families had a fierce quarrel （3） （result） from the disagreement over the boundary between their houses.Unable to resolve it locally，the Zhangs asked their family member Zhang Ying，a trusted top official in the emperor's court， （4） help.Zhang called for them to step back 1 meter from the boundary instead of （5） （back） them，which moved the two families so much that both did exactly that.A2﹣meter﹣wide alley between the houses serving as the boundary （6） （bear） with the name Liuchi Alley，which originated from the Mandarin word for six and chi ﹣a traditional Chinese unit of （7） （long） that corresponds to one﹣third of a meter.
Nowadays，Liuchi Alley，one of the most famous （8） （attraction） in Tongcheng，stands as a model of harmonious and respectful neighbor relations in China， （9） illustrates the ancient wisdom of conflict resolution，inspiring people （10） （address） problems properly and foster a harmonious social environment.
高考英语考前冲刺押题预测 记叙文语法填空
参考答案与试题解析
一．语法填空（共20小题）
1．（2025 腾冲市校级二模） It rained every day during our visit to Suzhou，a city （1） built （build）on and around fresh water.Nearly half of the area is covered by lakes，streams and ponds.
Water is one of the four （2） symbolic （symbol）elements in a Chinese garden；it represents the ever﹣changing environment.Other elements include（3） rocks （rock）symbolizing eternity（永恒） ，plant life to show the shift of the seasons and structures constructed to compose a view or present themselves （4） as part of a view.
Our guide，Cathy，（5） carefully （careful）led us along stone paths and zigzag walkways."Suzhou classical gardens were constructed by talented scholars hundreds of years ago，"she said."I strongly recommend international tourists experience a special activity when visiting （6） a garden."
While tea is offered at all of the gardens，some have classes and demonstrations.A flower arrangement class is available at the Lingering Garden and a lesson from a bonsai （盆景） master can（7） be arranged （arrange） at Tiger Hill.We can imagine （8） how elegant these authentic experiences were in old times.
Structures are named （9） to reflect （reflect）their purpose，like the Mountain﹣in﹣View Tower，the Hall of Distant Fragrance and the"Keep and Listen"Pavilion.Cathy （10） stopped （stop）by one last pond as we were leaving.Standing at the water's edge，she summarized our visit by calling our attention to a limestone（石灰岩） feature that lay ahead，the native trees and the overarching bridge."This is a wonderful view in the garden，"she said ever so softly."It has everything."
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在苏州的游览经历，介绍了苏州园林的特色和元素。
【解答】（1）考查过去分词。句意：苏州是一座建在淡水之上和周围的城市，我们在苏州期间天天下雨。空处为非谓语动词，a city与build为被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填built。
（2）考查形容词。句意：水是中国园林中四大象征元素之一；它代表着不断变化的环境。形容词symbolic作定语修饰名词。故填symbolic。
（3）考查名词。句意：其他元素包括象征永恒的岩石，显示季节变化的植物生命，以及构成景观或作为景观的一部分呈现的结构。rock为可数名词，前面无不定冠词修饰，用复数形式作宾语，故填rocks。
（4）考查介词。句意：其他元素包括象征永恒的岩石，显示季节变化的植物生命，以及构成景观或作为景观的一部分呈现的结构。空处需要一个介词来表示"作为"用as，故填as。
（5）考查副词。句意：我们的导游Cathy小心翼翼地带领我们沿着石径和曲折的走道前行。副词carefully作状语修饰动词，故填carefully。
（6）考查不定冠词。句意：我强烈推荐国际游客在参观花园时体验一项特别的活动。表示"一个"且garden首字母的发音为辅音音素，故填a。
（7）考查被动语态。句意：留园有插花课程，虎丘有盆景大师的课程。a lesson与arrange为被动关系，且置于情态动词之后，用被动形式be arranged，故填be arranged。
（8）考查连接副词。句意：我们可以想象这些真实的体验在旧时代是多么优雅。设空处需要一个疑问副词how引导宾语从句，表示"多么"修饰elegant，故填how。
（9）考查不定式。句意：建筑结构的命名是为了反映它们的用途，如观山楼、远香堂和"守听"亭。不定式作目的状语，故填to reflect。
（10）考查时态。句意：当我们离开时，Cathy在最后一个池塘旁停了下来。根据"we were leaving"可知，在陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。故填stopped。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
2．（2025 东城区一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
After a weekend trip，my friend and I（1） were driving （drive） home when a blue car suddenly pulled up beside us at a stoplight.A woman and her little daughter excitedly told us shoes had flown（2） off our car!We realized our other friend must have left them on the roof.We thanked them and went back to search，（3） but we couldn't find the shoes until the same car reappeared!These kind strangers had circled back，（4） spotted （spot） shoes and even picking them up for us.Their unexpected effort to help us out made our day.
B
Researchers have discovered that dogs can identify the voices of different members of their human family.The research team tested 31 pet dogs.Three human caretakers of each dog（5） were asked （ask） to record their voices.Then they sat quietly in front of the dog while the recording played.The dogs usually approached﹣or at least spent more time looking at﹣the person （6） whose voice they heard.Experts hope to study whether other mammals have this skill，so they can better understand（7） how different species learn to communicate with each other.
C
AI and learning have a powerful and collaborative relationship.AI acts as a smart tool，personalizing lessons（8） to match （match） each student's pace and needs，which makes learning more effective.It also supports teachers by automating tasks like grading，allowing them to focus more on instruction and student interaction.However，it is important to use AI responsibly﹣it should complement，not replace，the role of teachers and students.Ensuring （9） fairness （fair），privacy，and ethical use is essential.When（10） used （use） wisely，AI can transform education for the better.
【答案】（1）were driving（2）off（3）but（4）spotted（5）were asked（6）whose（7）how（8）to match（9）fairness（10）used
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和朋友在旅途过程中，不小心把鞋子弄掉了，结果在开车回去找鞋子的时候，发现鞋子被好心人捡到并归还的故事。
【解答】（1）考查时态和主谓一致。句意为：在一个周末的旅行之后，我和我的朋友开车回家，这时一辆蓝色的汽车突然停在我们旁边。本句结构为"be doing sth.when…"，表示"正在做某事，这时……"，根据句意可知，此处需要表达"正在开车"这一含义，根据文章时态可知，此处应该用过去进行时，且主语是"my friend and I（我和我的朋友）"，因此be动词用"were"，故答案为were driving。
（2）考查固定搭配。句意为：一个女人和她的小女儿兴奋地告诉我们鞋子已经从我们的车上飞走了!结合句意可知，此处需要表达"从……飞走"这一含义，"fly off"表示"从……飞走"，故答案为off。
（3）考查连词。句意为：我们谢过他们，然后回去寻找，但没有找到鞋子，直到同一辆车又出现了!结合句意可知，此处需要表达"但是"这一含义，因此应该用连词"but"，故答案为but。
（4）考查时态。句意为：这些好心的陌生人又折回来了，发现了鞋子，甚至还为我们捡了起来。结合句意可知，此处需要表达"发现"这一含义，根据"circled（折回）"可知，此处应该用一般过去时，故答案为spotted。
（5）考查时态被动和主谓一致。句意为：每只狗的三个看护人被要求记录他们的声音。结合句意可知，此处需要表达"被要求"这一含义，"ask sb.to do sth."表示"要求某人做某事"，此处"sb."提前，所以应该用被动语态，即"sb.be asked to do sth."，根据文章时态可知，此处应该用一般过去时，且主语是"Three human caretakers（三个看护人）"，因此be动词用"were"，故答案为were asked。
（6）考查定语从句。句意为：狗通常会靠近——至少会花更多的时间看人说话。本句为定语从句，先行词为"person"，在从句中作定语，因此此处应该用关系代词"whose"，故答案为whose。
（7）考查宾语从句。句意为：专家们希望研究其他哺乳动物是否具有这种技能，以便他们能更好地了解不同物种如何学会相互交流。本句为宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，结合句意可知，此处需要表达"如何"这一含义，因此此处应该用"how"，故答案为how。
（8）考查不定式。句意为：人工智能是一个智能工具，通过个性化课程来匹配每个学生的节奏和需求，从而使学习更加有效。此处用不定式来表示目的，即"为了匹配每个学生的节奏和需求"，因此此处应该用"to match"，故答案为to match。
（9）考查不可数名词。句意为：确保公平、隐私和合乎道德的使用至关重要。结合句意可知，此处需要表达"公平"这一含义，因此应该用"fair"的名词形式"fairness"，故答案为fairness。
（10）考查被动语态。句意为：明智地使用时，人工智能可以更好地改变教育。结合句意可知，此处需要表达"被使用"这一含义，因此此处应该用被动语态，即"be used"，因为此处省略了主语和be动词，故答案为used。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
3．（2025 虹口区二模）
Reverse Culture Shock Is Real
Returning from studying abroad was like being hit by a wave of reality.The initial shock wasn't in the customs or language differences I （1） had expected （expect） abroad—it came when I stepped back into daily life in the U.S.
In Denmark and the other countries I visited， （2） not understanding （not understand） every word around me became strangely comforting.There was a quiet peace in not having to process every conversation，not being subjected to endless chatter.What struck me deeply was （3） that English surrounded me once more，a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn't realize I'd grown tired of.
Then came the noise. （4） After I had gotten used to the peacefulness，New York felt like a mixture of loud unpleasant sounds.Shouting is literally everywhere—it felt like everyone was always （5） in a rush to fill the air with sound.It felt disturbing，especially when I （6） was thrown （throw） into chaos after months of peace.
The hardest part wasn't just adjusting to the noise，but the lack of agreement between my excitement to talk about my experiences and the blank stares I received in return.I longed （7） to share （share），but it felt like no one really understood.Only my fellow study﹣abroad friends could relate，and their sympathy was a comfort.
The biggest change，though，was internal.I had once been set on a future in cardiothoracic surgery （心胸外科手术）， （8） convinced （convince） that medical school was my calling.Yet，living in Scandinavia shifted my perspective.Now，I'm researching global health.Life， （9） as it happens，has a way of changing direction when you least expect it.Sometimes，the best opportunities come from saying yes to （10） the unexpected，from stepping outside your comfort zone—and the people and experiences you meet along the way make it all worth it.
【答案】（1）had expected（2）not understanding（3）that（4）After（5）in（6）was thrown（7）to share（8）convinced （9）as（10）the
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者从国外留学归来后经历的文化冲击，包括对噪音的不适应、与他人交流经历时的落差以及自身内心的变化等。
【解答】（1）考查动词时态。句意：最初的冲击并非来自于我在国外所预期的风俗或语言差异——当我回到美国的日常生活时，它就出现了。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，expect这个动作发生在 "was" 之前，即过去的过去，所以要用过去完成时。故填had expected。
（2）考查动名词的否定形式。句意：在丹麦和我去过的其他国家，听不懂周围的每一个字却奇怪地让人感到安慰。not understanding every word around me是动名词短语作主语，表示一种行为或状态。故填not understanding。
（3）考查表语从句。句意：让我深感震惊的是，当英语再次围绕着我时，那种熟悉感是一种持续的反映，而我却没有意识到自己已经对这种熟悉感到厌倦了。空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，所以用 that 引导。故填that。
（4）考查连词。句意：在我习惯了宁静之后，纽约感觉就像各种嘈杂刺耳声音的混合体。这里表示在作者习惯了宁静之后才感觉到纽约的嘈杂，所以用 after 引导时间状语从句。首字母大写。故填After。
（5）考查介词。句意：到处都有人在喊叫 —— 感觉好像每个人总是匆匆忙忙地让空气中充满声音。"in a rush" 是固定短语，意为 "匆匆忙忙"。故填in。
（6）考查时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：尤其是在经历了几个月的平静之后，我被抛入混乱之中，这让我感到不安。空处为从句的谓语动词，"I"和 "throw"之间是被动关系，且这里描述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was thrown。
（7）考查过去分词。句意：我渴望分享，但感觉好像没有人真正理解。"long to do sth." 是固定搭配，意为 "渴望做某事"。故填to share。
（8）考查形容词。句意：我曾经一心想在心胸外科领域发展，深信医学院是我的使命所在。"be convinced that..."为固定用法，本句为形容词作状语。故填convinced。
（9）考查连词。句意：正如所发生的那样，生活在你最意想不到的时候会改变方向。"as it happens" 是固定用法，意为 "正如所发生的那样"，as引导方式状语从句。故填as。
（10）考查冠词。句意：有时候，最好的机会来自于对意外之事说 "是"，来自于走出你的舒适区。"the + 形容词" 表示一类事物，这里 "the unexpected" 表示 "意外的事情"。故填the。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
4．（2025 山东模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nursena Burus，a 19﹣year﹣old from the historical city of Manisa on Turkiye's Aegean coast， （1） has developed （develop） a taste for Chinese culture thanks to its cuisine and her travels around the country in the past few months.For Burus，coming to China was not just a language learning opportunity but a chance to experience a culture（2） which/that attracted her from afar.
She arrived in China in February 2024，just before Chinese New Year，and immediately involved（3） herself （she） in the lively，celebratory atmosphere.Red lanterns swayed in the wind，paper﹣cuttings adorned windows（4） and spirited couplets decorated doorways.Everywhere she went，the streets were filled with red，a color of celebration and good luck.
As classes began in March，Burus quickly adapted to learning and living at Tianjin University.She（5） regularly （regular） explored the university's cafeterias and discovered her favorite（6） dishes （dish），including Peking Duck.She often followed the recommended foods on the popular short video﹣sharing platform Douyin（7） to explore （explore） new restaurants and shared photos of her culinary adventures on her WeChat Moments.
Burus says that Chinese cuisines are rich and（8） tasty （taste），and the convenient digital payment system amazes her.
Before（9） leaving （leave） China earlier this year after she finished two semesters of a language﹣learning program，she left behind a wish bottle buried on campus，containing her desire to become a bridge for cultural exchanges（10） between Turkiye and China.
【答案】（1）has developed（2）which/that（3）herself（4）and（5）regularly（6）dishes（7）to explore（8）tasty（9）leaving（10）between
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是19岁的Nursena Burus来自土耳其伊兹密尔省的历史名城马尼萨，因中国美食和旅行爱上中国文化。2024年2月来中国，迅速融入天津大学学习生活，体验中国美食、文化，完成语言学习项目后留下愿望瓶，希望成为中土文化交流桥梁。
【解答】（1）考查时态及主谓一致。句意：19岁的努尔塞纳 布鲁丝来自土耳其爱琴海沿岸的历史名城马尼萨，在过去几个月里，由于中国美食和在这个国家的旅行，她对中国文化产生了浓厚兴趣。根据时间状语"in the past few months"可知，此处强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语Nursena Burus是单数，故填has developed。
（2）考查定语从句关系词。句意：对布鲁丝来说，来中国不仅仅是一个学习语言的机会，更是一个体验从远方就吸引她的文化的机会。先行词"a culture"指物，在定语从句中作主语，关系词用which或that，故填which/that。
（3）考查反身代词。句意：她于2024年2月，就在中国新年前来到中国，立即融入了热闹的庆祝氛围中。此处表示"使自己融入"，用反身代词作宾语，主语是she，故填herself。
（4）考查连词。句意：红色的灯笼在风中摇曳，剪纸装饰着窗户，充满生气的对联装饰着门口。分析可知，此处是三个并列的分句，用and连接，故填and。
（5）考查副词。句意：她经常探索学校的食堂，发现了自己最喜欢的菜肴，包括北京烤鸭。此处修饰动词"explored"，应用副词形式，故填regularly。
（6）考查名词复数。句意：她经常探索学校的食堂，发现了自己最喜欢的菜肴，包括北京烤鸭。根据后文"including Peking Duck"可知不止一道菜，应用复数形式，故填dishes。
（7）考查动词不定式。句意：她经常按照热门短视频分享平台抖音上推荐的美食去探索新餐厅，并在微信朋友圈分享她的美食之旅照片。此处表示目的，用动词不定式，故填to explore。
（8）考查形容词。句意：布鲁丝说，中国菜丰富又美味，便捷的数字支付系统也让她惊叹不已。此处与"rich"并列作表语，应用形容词形式，故填tasty。
（9）考查动名词。句意：在完成两个学期的语言学习项目后，今年早些时候离开中国之前，她在校园里埋下了一个许愿瓶，里面装着她成为中土文化交流桥梁的愿望。Before是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填leaving。
（10）考查介词。句意：在完成两个学期的语言学习项目后，今年早些时候离开中国之前，她在校园里埋下了一个许愿瓶，里面装着她成为中土文化交流桥梁的愿望。表示"在两者之间"用介词between，故填between。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
5．（2025 重庆模拟） Patrick Sommier，a French theater director，has been devoted to passing on the true meaning of Chinese operas which，according to him，are the assembly of all art forms， （1） to the French public.
On the occasion of the celebration for the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France in 2004，Sommier （2） was invited （invite） to collaborate on a joint project with the Beijing Vocational College of Opera and Arts（BVCOA） to perform Beijing Opera in France.Unexpectedly，the beauty of Beijing Opera（3） immediately （immediate） captured his heart.
Recalling his first （4） cooperation （cooperate） with the BVCOA，Sommier was highly impressed by the vigor of the actors （5） hidden （hide） behind the make﹣ups and costumes，and the strength of the characters from the Chinese classics that evoked thoughts of the Greek tragedy genre.He was also touched by the Chinese （6） professors' （professor） effort to pass their acting skills to their students by acting with them.He said，"In China，opera is （7） an art requiring lifelong devotion， （8） whose performing effect largely depends on the actors' inner strength and excellent acting skills."Since then，Sommier has learned various performance forms from professionals of BVCOA （9） and introduced many traditional Chinese operas to French audiences.
（10） Having served （serve） as a cultural courier（使者） between the two countries for two decades，Sommier hopes that the French and Chinese will mutually impress each other with high﹣quality shows.
【答案】（1）to（2）was invited（3）immediately（4）cooperation（5）hidden（6）professors'（7）an（8）whose（9）and（10）Having served
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了法国戏剧导演Patrick Sommier如何将中国戏曲的真正意义传达给法国观众，以及他在中法文化交流中所做的努力和贡献。
【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：法国戏剧导演Patrick Sommier一直致力于将他所认为的集所有艺术形式于一身的中国戏曲的真正内涵传递给法国观众。空处为介词形式，构成短语：pass on…to…，意为"将……传递给……"，符合句意。故填to。
（2）考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2004年，在中法建交40周年庆祝活动之际，Sommier受邀与北京戏曲艺术职业学院合作开展一个项目，在法国表演京剧。空处为本句谓语动词；根据"in 2004"可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为"Sommier"，单数，和动词"invite"之间为被动关系。故填was invited。
（3）考查副词。句意：出乎意料的是，京剧之美瞬间俘获了他的心。修饰动词用副词形式，意为"立即、瞬间"。故填immediately。
（4）考查名词。句意：回忆起与北京戏曲艺术职业学院的首次合作，Sommier对演员们隐藏在妆容和戏服背后的活力，以及源自中国经典作品中能让人联想到希腊悲剧风格的角色的感染力印象深刻。空处为名词形式担当宾语，意为"合作"。故填cooperation。
（5）考查过去分词。句意：回忆起与北京戏曲艺术职业学院的首次合作，Sommier对演员们隐藏在妆容和戏服背后的活力，以及源自中国经典作品中能让人联想到希腊悲剧风格的角色的感染力印象深刻。空处为非谓语动词担当后置定语；被修饰词"the vigor"和动词"hide"之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填hidden。
（6）考查名词的所有格形式。句意：他还被中国教授们通过与学生一同表演来传授表演技巧的努力所打动。根据句意可知，空处为名词所有格形式，修饰空后的"effort"；根据下文的"their"可知，空处为名词的复数形式的所有格形式。故填professors'。
（7）考查冠词。句意：他说："在中国，戏曲是一门需要投入毕生精力的艺术，其表演效果在很大程度上取决于演员的内在力量和精湛的表演技巧。"修饰名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词为元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
（8）考查定语从句。句意：他说："在中国，戏曲是一门需要投入毕生精力的艺术，其表演效果在很大程度上取决于演员的内在力量和精湛的表演技巧。" 空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词"opera"和空后"performing effect"之间为所有形式，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
（9）考查连词。句意：从那以后，Sommier向北京戏曲艺术职业学院的专业人士学习了各种表演形式，并将许多中国传统戏曲介绍给了法国观众。空处为连词形式；空前"has learned various performance forms from professionals of BVCOA"和空后"introduced many traditional Chinese operas to French audiences"之间为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
（10）考查现在分词的完成式。句意：作为中法两国之间的文化使者已有二十年之久，Sommier希望法国和中国能够用高质量的演出给彼此留下深刻印象。空处为非谓语动词担当状语；主语"Sommier"和动词"serve"之间为主动关系；根据时间状语"for two decades"可知，空处为现在分词的完成式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Having served。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
6．（2025 西城区一模）
A
Last summer，I joined a community garden project in my neighborhood.At first，I was nervous about working with （1） strangers （stranger），but everyone was welcoming and enthusiastic.I learned how to plant vegetables and care for flowers.In autumn，we had a big harvest and decided to donate the fresh produce to a local food bank.I never expected that our small efforts could create such an effect.The surprise came when I received a thank﹣you letter from a family （2） who benefited from our donations.It made me realize how powerful （3） kindness （kind） can be!
B
Tsinghua University plans to increase its undergraduate enrollment（本科招生人数）（4） by about 150 in 2025 and establish a new undergraduate school focused on combining artificial intelligence（AI） with various fields of study.The new school （5） will make （make） use of Tsinghua's strengths，（6） highlighting （highlight）AI's role in education and research.It （7） aims （aim） to explore AI﹣driven learning models and develop students with diverse skills，a solid understanding of AI and creative thinking.
C
At a 200﹣megawatt（兆瓦）wind farm in Hengshui，Hebei，the world's largest tonnage wheeled crane（起重机），the XCA4000，completed its first lift in March 2024.It （8） lifted （lift） a 130﹣metric﹣ton nacelle，a 40﹣ton hub and three 95﹣meter﹣long blades weighing 28 tons each，to a height of 162 meters for assembly（组装） on the tower.The XCA4000 has a self﹣developed control system and technologies （9） to ensure （ensure） safety during operation.With more than a dozen sensors （10） distributed （distribute） in the facility，it can detect and address potential safety dangers in real time.
【答案】（1）strangers（2）who（3）kindness（4）by（5）will make（6）highlighting（7）aims（8）lifted（9）to ensure（10）distributed
【分析】A 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了去年夏天，我参加了我家附近的一个社区花园项目。
B 本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了清华大学计划到2025年将本科生人数增加约150人，并建立一所新的本科学校，专注于将人工智能（AI）与各个研究领域相结合。
C 本文是一篇说明文，2024年3月，世界上最大吨位的轮式起重机XCA4000在河北衡水的一个200兆瓦的风电场完成了首次吊装。
【解答】（1）考查名词复数。句意：起初，我对与陌生人一起工作感到紧张，但每个人都很热情好客。分析句子可知此处stranger是可数名词，前面没有限制词，所以用复数表示泛指。故填strangers。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：当我收到一个受益于我们捐款的家庭的感谢信时，我感到很惊讶。分析句子可知此处是一个定语从句，先行词a family在从句中作主语，所以用who来引导。故填who。
（3）考查不可数名词。句意：这让我意识到善良是多么强大！分析句子可知此处需要作主语，所以用名词形式，kindness不可数。故填kindness。
（4）考查介词。句意：清华大学计划到2025年将本科生人数增加约150人，并建立一所新的本科学校，专注于将人工智能（AI）与各个研究领域相结合。分析句子可知此处表示"增加了..."，所以用increase by。故填by。
（5）考查动词时态。句意：新学校将利用清华的优势，突出人工智能在教育和研究中的作用。根据上一句的"Tsinghua University plans to increase "可知此处需要用一般将来时。故填will make。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：新学校将利用清华的优势，突出人工智能在教育和研究中的作用。分析句子可知此处需要用非谓语形式，The new school和highlight之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填highlighting。
（7）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：它的目的是探索人工智能驱动的学习模式，培养具有多样化技能、对人工智能有扎实理解和创造性思维的学生。根据上一句的"Tsinghua University plans to increase "可知此处需要用一般现在时，主语it，所以用第三人称单数。故填aims。
（8）考查动词时态。句意：它将一个130公吨的机舱、一个40吨的轮毂和三个95米长的叶片（每个叶片重28吨）提升到162米的高度，以便在塔上组装。根据上一句的in March 2024可知此处一般过去时。故填lifted。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：XCA4000拥有自主研发的控制系统和技术，以确保操作过程中的安全。分析句子可知此处表示目的，所以用动词不定式。故填to ensure。
（10）考查过去分词。句意：该设施中分布着十几个传感器，可以实时检测和解决潜在的安全隐患。分析句子可知此处是with复合结构，a dozen sensors和distribute之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填distributed。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
7．（2025 嘉定区二模）
Race to the Frozen North
On April 6，1909，six determined men stood at the top of the world，claiming victory over one of Earth's last great frontiers—the North Pole.Their leader，Robert E.Peary，captured the historic moment in photographs as his team proudly held up their flags.Among them was Matthew Henson，an experienced explorer（1） whose skills had been vital to their success.He held a unique flag，（2） sewn （sew）together from different pieces of fabric，while four expert Inuit hunters stood by his side.They guided the team through the endless frozen wilderness.
Reaching this ice﹣covered world was not easy.Many had tried before them，only（3） forced （force）back by terrible conditions.Peary's success was not just luck—it was careful strategy，perseverance，and the strength of his team.He relied heavily（4） on/upon Henson，who had journeyed with him through the Arctic before.Henson wasn't just an explorer；he was a survivalist，trained by the Inuit（因纽特人）in the art of handling the ice.
But no amount of skill （5） could make overcoming the Arctic any easier.The wind screamed like a wild beast，and the temperature dropped to a freezing minus 60 degrees Fahrenheit.Henson later wrote in his journal， "Freezing of the whole front part of the face is an ordinary occurrence." Ice formed on their skin， （6） biting （bite）deeper with every burst of wind.Frostbite（冻疮）was a constant threat.Peary himself had lost toes on earlier adventures.
Despite （7） what they endured，they kept pushing forward.Their food was simple but packed with energy：pemmican，a dense mixture of dried meat，animal fat，and berries.（8） Although/Though/While it did little to satisfy true hunger，it did keep them alive.Their days were long and exhausting.Yet they refused to stop.
Then，at last，they arrived.The vast，icy emptiness （9） stretched （stretch）in every direction.Henson，moving quickly ahead，was the first to mark their achievement.When Peary arrived，they planted their flags，securing their place in history.The impossible （10） was conquered （conquer）.
【答案】（1）whose（2）sewn（3）forced（4）on/upon（5）could（6）biting（7）what（8）Although/Though/While（9）stretched（10）was conquered
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，1909年4月6日，罗伯特 E 皮尔里带领团队成功抵达北极，其中经验丰富的探险家马修 亨森的技能对成功至关重要。
【解答】（1）考查定语从句。句意：其中有经验丰富的探险家马修 亨森，他的技能对他们的成功至关重要。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是Matthew Henson，指人，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰skills，应用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：他举着一面独特的旗帜，由不同的布料缝制而成，四个因纽特专家猎人站在他身边。分析句子可知，空处作后置定语，修饰flag，sew与flag之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填sewn。
（3）考查过去分词。句意：在他们之前，许多人曾尝试过，但都被恶劣的条件逼退了。分析句子可知，空处作状语，force与逻辑主语Many之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填forced。
（4）考查介词。句意：他非常依赖亨森，亨森以前曾和他一起到过北极。rely on/upon是固定短语，意为"依赖，依靠"，故填on/upon。
（5）考查情态动词。句意：但是，无论多少技巧都无法让克服北极变得更容易。根据句意可知，此处表示"能够"，应用情态动词can，结合语境可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填could。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：冰在他们的皮肤上形成，每一阵风都咬得更深。分析句子可知，空处作状语，bite与逻辑主语Ice之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填biting。
（7）考查宾语从句。句意：尽管他们忍受了这一切，但他们还是继续前进。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中endured缺少宾语，指物，应用what引导，故填what。
（8）考查连词。句意：虽然它不能满足真正的饥饿，但它确实让他们活了下来。根据句意可知，前后句之间是转折关系，应用although/though/while引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Although/Though/While。
（9）考查动词时态。句意：广阔、冰冷的空虚向四面八方延伸。分析句子可知，空处作谓语，stretch与主语The vast，icy emptiness之间是主动关系，且陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填stretched。
（10）考查动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意：不可能的事情被征服了。分析句子可知，空处作谓语，conquer与主语The impossible之间是被动关系，且陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用was，故填was conquered。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
8．（2025 河南二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Wang Xiaoyun，a well﹣known Chinese cryptographer（密码学家），was horn in a teacher family in Zhucheng，Shandong in 1966.（1） Influenced （influence） by her father，she showed a strong interest in mathematics and physics from an early age.Doe to her excellent mathematics in the college entrance examination，she applied for the Department of Mathematics at Shandong University，（2） and in 1987，she was admitted to the graduate school of Shandong University and studied analytic number theory with Professor Pan Chengdong，a famous mathematician.More than a year later，under the advice of the （3） instructor （instruct），Wang Xiaoyun transferred to cryptography.
Over the years，the hash functions MD5 and SHA﹣1 have been （4） generally （general） recognized as the most advanced and widely﹣used important algorithms（算法） worldwide.According to the （5） conventional （convention）method，even an advanced computer needs to be operated for 1 million years to be cracked.However，in 2004 and 2005，the two "fixed gold soup"algorithms were cracked by Wang Xiaoyun，（6） causing （cause）a strong "earthquake"in the international cryptography community.Moreover，in 2006，Wang Xiaoyun and domestic experts designed China's first hash function algorithm standard SM3，（7） whose security has been highly recognized at home and abroad.After the release of SM3，dozens of industry standards in the field of password﹣related fields（8） were released （release） and the country's understanding of cyber security issues became clearer and deeper."（9） To make （make）our network safer，we must use our research capabilities to do a good job of national password protection，"said Wang in terms（10） of future research dreams.
【答案】（1）Influenced（2）and（3）instructor（4）generally（5）conventional（6）causing（7）whose（8）were released（9）To make（10）of
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国著名的密码学家王小云教授的成长经历和学术成就。
【解答】（1）考查过去分词。句意：受父亲的影响，她从小就对数学和物理表现出浓厚的兴趣。句中已有谓语动词showed，空处需用非谓语动词作状语，空处动词influence与逻辑主语she之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母
一．语法填空（共20小题）
1．（2025 腾冲市校级二模） It rained every day during our visit to Suzhou，a city （1） （build）on and around fresh water.Nearly half of the area is covered by lakes，streams and ponds.
Water is one of the four （2） （symbol）elements in a Chinese garden；it represents the ever﹣changing environment.Other elements include（3） （rock）symbolizing eternity（永恒） ，plant life to show the shift of the seasons and structures constructed to compose a view or present themselves （4） part of a view.
Our guide，Cathy，（5） （careful）led us along stone paths and zigzag walkways."Suzhou classical gardens were constructed by talented scholars hundreds of years ago，"she said."I strongly recommend international tourists experience a special activity when visiting （6） garden."
While tea is offered at all of the gardens，some have classes and demonstrations.A flower arrangement class is available at the Lingering Garden and a lesson from a bonsai （盆景） master can（7） （arrange） at Tiger Hill.We can imagine （8） elegant these authentic experiences were in old times.
Structures are named （9） （reflect）their purpose，like the Mountain﹣in﹣View Tower，the Hall of Distant Fragrance and the"Keep and Listen"Pavilion.Cathy （10） （stop）by one last pond as we were leaving.Standing at the water's edge，she summarized our visit by calling our attention to a limestone（石灰岩） feature that lay ahead，the native trees and the overarching bridge."This is a wonderful view in the garden，"she said ever so softly."It has everything."
2．（2025 东城区一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
After a weekend trip，my friend and I（1） （drive） home when a blue car suddenly pulled up beside us at a stoplight.A woman and her little daughter excitedly told us shoes had flown（2） our car!We realized our other friend must have left them on the roof.We thanked them and went back to search，（3） we couldn't find the shoes until the same car reappeared!These kind strangers had circled back，（4） （spot） shoes and even picking them up for us.Their unexpected effort to help us out made our day.
B
Researchers have discovered that dogs can identify the voices of different members of their human family.The research team tested 31 pet dogs.Three human caretakers of each dog（5） （ask） to record their voices.Then they sat quietly in front of the dog while the recording played.The dogs usually approached﹣or at least spent more time looking at﹣the person （6） voice they heard.Experts hope to study whether other mammals have this skill，so they can better understand（7） different species learn to communicate with each other.
C
AI and learning have a powerful and collaborative relationship.AI acts as a smart tool，personalizing lessons（8） （match） each student's pace and needs，which makes learning more effective.It also supports teachers by automating tasks like grading，allowing them to focus more on instruction and student interaction.However，it is important to use AI responsibly﹣it should complement，not replace，the role of teachers and students.Ensuring （9） （fair），privacy，and ethical use is essential.When（10） （use） wisely，AI can transform education for the better.
3．（2025 虹口区二模）
Reverse Culture Shock Is Real
Returning from studying abroad was like being hit by a wave of reality.The initial shock wasn't in the customs or language differences I （1） （expect） abroad—it came when I stepped back into daily life in the U.S.
In Denmark and the other countries I visited， （2） （not understand） every word around me became strangely comforting.There was a quiet peace in not having to process every conversation，not being subjected to endless chatter.What struck me deeply was （3） English surrounded me once more，a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn't realize I'd grown tired of.
Then came the noise. （4） I had gotten used to the peacefulness，New York felt like a mixture of loud unpleasant sounds.Shouting is literally everywhere—it felt like everyone was always （5） a rush to fill the air with sound.It felt disturbing，especially when I （6） （throw） into chaos after months of peace.
The hardest part wasn't just adjusting to the noise，but the lack of agreement between my excitement to talk about my experiences and the blank stares I received in return.I longed （7） （share），but it felt like no one really understood.Only my fellow study﹣abroad friends could relate，and their sympathy was a comfort.
The biggest change，though，was internal.I had once been set on a future in cardiothoracic surgery （心胸外科手术）， （8） （convince） that medical school was my calling.Yet，living in Scandinavia shifted my perspective.Now，I'm researching global health.Life， （9） it happens，has a way of changing direction when you least expect it.Sometimes，the best opportunities come from saying yes to （10） unexpected，from stepping outside your comfort zone—and the people and experiences you meet along the way make it all worth it.
4．（2025 山东模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nursena Burus，a 19﹣year﹣old from the historical city of Manisa on Turkiye's Aegean coast， （1） （develop） a taste for Chinese culture thanks to its cuisine and her travels around the country in the past few months.For Burus，coming to China was not just a language learning opportunity but a chance to experience a culture（2） attracted her from afar.
She arrived in China in February 2024，just before Chinese New Year，and immediately involved（3） （she） in the lively，celebratory atmosphere.Red lanterns swayed in the wind，paper﹣cuttings adorned windows（4） spirited couplets decorated doorways.Everywhere she went，the streets were filled with red，a color of celebration and good luck.
As classes began in March，Burus quickly adapted to learning and living at Tianjin University.She（5） （regular） explored the university's cafeterias and discovered her favorite（6） （dish），including Peking Duck.She often followed the recommended foods on the popular short video﹣sharing platform Douyin（7） （explore） new restaurants and shared photos of her culinary adventures on her WeChat Moments.
Burus says that Chinese cuisines are rich and（8） （taste），and the convenient digital payment system amazes her.
Before（9） （leave） China earlier this year after she finished two semesters of a language﹣learning program，she left behind a wish bottle buried on campus，containing her desire to become a bridge for cultural exchanges（10） Turkiye and China.
5．（2025 重庆模拟） Patrick Sommier，a French theater director，has been devoted to passing on the true meaning of Chinese operas which，according to him，are the assembly of all art forms， （1） the French public.
On the occasion of the celebration for the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France in 2004，Sommier （2） （invite） to collaborate on a joint project with the Beijing Vocational College of Opera and Arts（BVCOA） to perform Beijing Opera in France.Unexpectedly，the beauty of Beijing Opera（3） （immediate） captured his heart.
Recalling his first （4） （cooperate） with the BVCOA，Sommier was highly impressed by the vigor of the actors （5） （hide） behind the make﹣ups and costumes，and the strength of the characters from the Chinese classics that evoked thoughts of the Greek tragedy genre.He was also touched by the Chinese （6） （professor） effort to pass their acting skills to their students by acting with them.He said，"In China，opera is （7） art requiring lifelong devotion， （8） performing effect largely depends on the actors' inner strength and excellent acting skills."Since then，Sommier has learned various performance forms from professionals of BVCOA （9） introduced many traditional Chinese operas to French audiences.
（10） （serve） as a cultural courier（使者） between the two countries for two decades，Sommier hopes that the French and Chinese will mutually impress each other with high﹣quality shows.
6．（2025 西城区一模）
A
Last summer，I joined a community garden project in my neighborhood.At first，I was nervous about working with （1） （stranger），but everyone was welcoming and enthusiastic.I learned how to plant vegetables and care for flowers.In autumn，we had a big harvest and decided to donate the fresh produce to a local food bank.I never expected that our small efforts could create such an effect.The surprise came when I received a thank﹣you letter from a family （2） benefited from our donations.It made me realize how powerful （3） （kind） can be!
B
Tsinghua University plans to increase its undergraduate enrollment（本科招生人数）（4） about 150 in 2025 and establish a new undergraduate school focused on combining artificial intelligence（AI） with various fields of study.The new school （5） （make） use of Tsinghua's strengths，（6） （highlight）AI's role in education and research.It （7） （aim） to explore AI﹣driven learning models and develop students with diverse skills，a solid understanding of AI and creative thinking.
C
At a 200﹣megawatt（兆瓦）wind farm in Hengshui，Hebei，the world's largest tonnage wheeled crane（起重机），the XCA4000，completed its first lift in March 2024.It （8） （lift） a 130﹣metric﹣ton nacelle，a 40﹣ton hub and three 95﹣meter﹣long blades weighing 28 tons each，to a height of 162 meters for assembly（组装） on the tower.The XCA4000 has a self﹣developed control system and technologies （9） （ensure） safety during operation.With more than a dozen sensors （10） （distribute） in the facility，it can detect and address potential safety dangers in real time.
7．（2025 嘉定区二模）
Race to the Frozen North
On April 6，1909，six determined men stood at the top of the world，claiming victory over one of Earth's last great frontiers—the North Pole.Their leader，Robert E.Peary，captured the historic moment in photographs as his team proudly held up their flags.Among them was Matthew Henson，an experienced explorer（1） skills had been vital to their success.He held a unique flag，（2） （sew）together from different pieces of fabric，while four expert Inuit hunters stood by his side.They guided the team through the endless frozen wilderness.
Reaching this ice﹣covered world was not easy.Many had tried before them，only（3） （force）back by terrible conditions.Peary's success was not just luck—it was careful strategy，perseverance，and the strength of his team.He relied heavily（4） Henson，who had journeyed with him through the Arctic before.Henson wasn't just an explorer；he was a survivalist，trained by the Inuit（因纽特人）in the art of handling the ice.
But no amount of skill （5） make overcoming the Arctic any easier.The wind screamed like a wild beast，and the temperature dropped to a freezing minus 60 degrees Fahrenheit.Henson later wrote in his journal， "Freezing of the whole front part of the face is an ordinary occurrence." Ice formed on their skin， （6） （bite）deeper with every burst of wind.Frostbite（冻疮）was a constant threat.Peary himself had lost toes on earlier adventures.
Despite （7） they endured，they kept pushing forward.Their food was simple but packed with energy：pemmican，a dense mixture of dried meat，animal fat，and berries.（8） it did little to satisfy true hunger，it did keep them alive.Their days were long and exhausting.Yet they refused to stop.
Then，at last，they arrived.The vast，icy emptiness （9） （stretch）in every direction.Henson，moving quickly ahead，was the first to mark their achievement.When Peary arrived，they planted their flags，securing their place in history.The impossible （10） （conquer）.
8．（2025 河南二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Wang Xiaoyun，a well﹣known Chinese cryptographer（密码学家），was horn in a teacher family in Zhucheng，Shandong in 1966.（1） （influence） by her father，she showed a strong interest in mathematics and physics from an early age.Doe to her excellent mathematics in the college entrance examination，she applied for the Department of Mathematics at Shandong University，（2） in 1987，she was admitted to the graduate school of Shandong University and studied analytic number theory with Professor Pan Chengdong，a famous mathematician.More than a year later，under the advice of the （3） （instruct），Wang Xiaoyun transferred to cryptography.
Over the years，the hash functions MD5 and SHA﹣1 have been （4） （general） recognized as the most advanced and widely﹣used important algorithms（算法） worldwide.According to the （5） （convention）method，even an advanced computer needs to be operated for 1 million years to be cracked.However，in 2004 and 2005，the two "fixed gold soup"algorithms were cracked by Wang Xiaoyun，（6） （cause）a strong "earthquake"in the international cryptography community.Moreover，in 2006，Wang Xiaoyun and domestic experts designed China's first hash function algorithm standard SM3，（7） security has been highly recognized at home and abroad.After the release of SM3，dozens of industry standards in the field of password﹣related fields（8） （release） and the country's understanding of cyber security issues became clearer and deeper."（9） （make）our network safer，we must use our research capabilities to do a good job of national password protection，"said Wang in terms（10） future research dreams.
9．（2025 辽宁模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our warm breath rose in the cold air as we waited at the gate of a remote village in Guizhou.Eventually the residents came to meet us.Their faces were （1） （pleasant）wrinkled.They chatted among （2） （them），slowly putting on clothes which each of them had invested dozens of hours （3） （sew）by hand.They spoke with a thick local dialect，and I spoke with my poor Chinese.We did not understand one another.Smiles served （4） our conversation.
The village was remote and unpolished.It was my first chance （5） （film）in a location that felt so authentic and that people truly （6） （live）in.There were rows of elderly villagers and a few women closer to my age （7） wore their finest silver upon their shoulders and heads.We started with a traditional Miao gate﹣blocking ceremony.Essentially you cannot enter until you drink wine. （8） silver women tip bowls of the wine into your mouth.Then we （9） （lead）to the village square to dance.Warm with wine，I didn't mind.Round and round we went for what seemed nearly 20 minutes.I feel fortunate to have seen the （10） （protect）of this part of cultural heritage.
10．（2025 门头沟区一模）
A
Every culture has unique social customs，often leading to surprises.Last year，in South Korea，I（1） （give） a wrapped gift and learned it's polite to open gifts privately.In contrast，in Brazil，hosts open birthday gifts immediately.These show how cultural customs vary in large（2） （quantity）.Over the years，I（3） （learn）that understanding these differences can help avoid misunderstandings from diverse backgrounds.
B
Wetlands，known as the"kidneys of the earth，"are crucial ecosystems between land and water.When （4） （view）from a distance，wetlands look very peaceful and beautiful.Acting as nature's "purifiers"，they can clean water，prevent floods and offer habitats，so experts emphasize（5） needs to be done to protect wetlands and ensure their（6） （survive）.In recent years，many nations have made（7） （big）efforts than ever before to preserve and restore these invaluable natural areas.
C
Emma，a kind﹣hearted volunteer，has visited over 50 orphanages globally to bring joy to needy kids.Her aim is to inspire others（8） （share） with the less fortunate selflessly.Lately，she went to a charitable institution for kids in Kenyan，（9） the children welcomed her with pleasant smiles and songs.Emma threw herself into various activities（10） hesitation，immediately making the atmosphere even more lively.Emma has touched countless children，showing them boundless love.
11．（2025 河北模拟） Maria，a student from Brazil ，chose to study at Beijing Language and Culture University （ BLCU）.Her experience has been both challenging and rewarding.Maria（1） （arrive） in Beijing with a basic understanding of Chinese but was eager to improve her language skills.
At BLCU，Maria found a （2） （support） environment.The university offers a variety of courses，（3） intensive Chinese language programs to cultural studies.And all those conveniences allowed Maria（4） （tailor） her studies to her interests.
One of the（5） （highlight） of Maria's experience was participating in cultural excursions organized by the university.These trips took her to historical sites and cultural events across Beijing，（6） （provide） a deeper understanding of Chinese traditions and modern life.Maria also appreciated the chance to join language competitions and talent shows，（7） not only boosted her confidence but also allowed her to make new friends from around the world.
Despite the academic rigor （严谨），Maria found the community at BLCU to be very welcoming.The university's nickname，"" Little United Nations，" （8） （reflect） its rich mix of students，with over 10，000 international students from more than 170 countries.This（9） （diverse） created a vibrant（充满活力的） campus life，with numerous cultural events and international festivals.
Maria's time at BLCU has been a transformative experience.She has not only improved her Chinese language skills（10） gained a deeper appreciation for Chinese culture.
12．（2025 丰台区一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Whales swim by moving their tails up and down.This motion（1） （create）pressure pulses（脉冲） which harm their brains.However，whales find a way（2） （avoid） such damage.Research has revealed that a network of blood vessels（血管） in their brains plays a crucial role.It can maintain stable blood pressure，（3） （effective）reducing over 90% of the potential harm.This discovery also helps explain（4） seals，which don't face the same issue，lack these structures.
B
In Traditional Chinese Medicine，cinnamon，known as "RouGui"，（5） （use） for centuries for its medicinal properties.It is considered a warming herb，meaning that it is believed to relieve pain and discomfort（6） （associate）with cold and damp conditions.Cinnamon can harmonize the body's energies and enhance overall well﹣being，which makes it a must for those（7） want to improve their immune system.
C
Last December，I ordered a warm hamburger at a food store.As I left the store，I noticed there was an older poor gentleman（8） （sit） at the bus stop.Knowing it would probably be his only warm meal of the day，I（9） （give） him the hamburger.But all was not lost for me.Another customer offered me half of her hamburger.I was so delighted because I realised that（10） one way or another，we are all looked after.
13．（2025 乌鲁木齐模拟） Jim Binkley，a Woodstock man，plays，builds，and teaches（1） most admired of all Chinese musical instruments﹣the guqin.
Binkley has （2） （actual） created some fifteen guqins over time，each one taking him a year or two（3） （make）.A guqin is composed of a top board﹣which is the soundboard，about 48 inches long and 8 inches at the widest point﹣and a bottom board for （4） （stable）.One hand plucks（拨） the nylon and metal strings of the instrument，（5） the other hand slides to press down the strings to play different notes，as on a violin.
Playing the guqin is an ancient Chinese musical art.Previously，this seven﹣stringed instrument （6） （use） to perform the oldest written music in formal ceremonies.
Binkley，a retired Portland State University professor who taught comnputer science from the mid﹣1990s until 2010 became interested in the guqin in 1975 when his roommate introduced him （7） guqin playing.When he returned to the United States he studied for a while at the University of Washingto（8） he met a guqin teacher who gave him lessons.
In the past，Binkley gave performances in formal concerts and elsewhere.He began giving guqin lessons in the late 1990s，when a friend talked him into（9） （teach） him how to play.By keeping this tradition alive，Binkley hopes to inspire （10） （other） to seek comfort and uplift through music，just as he discovered decades ago in that momentous encounter with his roommate.
14．（2025 潍坊模拟） Painter Feng Zikai（1898﹣1975）recalled his childhood enlightenment as he learned about painting in his article （1） （pen）in 1934.When he studied Chinese poetry and the Three﹣Character Classic，he found himself，instead of （2） （catch）by the text，seized by the illustrations.These images were so （3） （impress）that he began coloring them using paints from his family's dyehouse（染坊） .
"The children new to school enjoy coloring images in textbooks， "says Li Hongbo， （4） art professor at Jilin Normal University. "They may have limited understanding of colors，but they often take pride in their 'creations and find endless pleasure from such activities. " "These （5） （phenomenon）can serve as a gateway for children to learn about painting （6） reveal that textbooks from other subjects can contribute to the fundamental fine arts education，" says Li.
Feng's story （7） （show）visibly in the ongoing Mirror to the Future：Chinese Basic Art Education Literature Exhibition， （8） highlight is to show the development of the country's fundamental fine arts education since 1904.This exhibition displays the rich value of fine arts education in enhancing the ability to appreciate beauty，cultivate the soul and stimulate innovation.It also makes possible the （9） （integrate）of the rich resources into the field of education，giving full play to （10） （they）roles of preserving history and educating people.
15．（2025 福建模拟） A walk through the hutong near Beijing's Drum Tower is always like stepping back in time.But（1） one recent cold winter night，during a walk through a well﹣traveled hutong there，I found myself suddenly （2） （transport） back to my childhood years.
I was heading toward one of the （3） （area） two excellent CD record stores，when a display in a shop window caught my eye.Upon （4） （close） inspection，I realized the painting was a jigsaw puzzle，and the shop was devoted to such puzzles.When I stepped inside，the store's（5） （toast） warmth relighted fires in my heart and memory.Long ago，while doing the puzzles and searching （6） （endless） for the proper piece，I often found myself wondering whether perhaps I had lost a piece （7） maybe my cat had stolen one.To effectively solve problems，we need effort and rest；when stuck，we need a break to bring clearness，finding the missing piece rapidly.
Among the valuable lessons and rewards that these puzzles offer （8） （be） that patience and determination are enhanced.But what is most beneficial is how，like the detective Sherlock Holmes，we look for answers or clues，working tirelessly （9） （find） the perfect fit.It's an approach （10） pays off when we encounter any challenge that life presents.
16．（2025 江苏一模） China，a land of breathtaking landscapes，has left a lasting mark on my soul through my travels.Each destination，（1） （visit） at different times，offered unique and unforgettable experience.
Last spring，I made a journey to the Great Wall，a must﹣go place for foreigners like me.After days of eager（2） （anticipate），I arrived at Badaling in early April.The sun started to shine through the clouds as I began my climb.An （3） （elder） Chinese man，sensing my excitement，shared tales of how his grandfather helped repair the wall in his youth.Standing on that ancient structure， （4） （wind） across mountains like a dragon，I somewhat felt a connection to history.
A few months later，in July，I found（5） （me） in Guilin.The moment I'd heard of its beauty，I'd been eager to visit.I boarded a bamboo raft on the Li River.The owner，（6） joyful local，sang folk songs（7） we sailed through the beautiful scenery.The limestone karsts（喀斯特石）rose gracefully from the water，creating a dreamy，almost otherworldly backdrop.
Finally，in October，I made my way（8） Zhangye Danxia National Geopark.The long bus ride（9） （forget） instantly as I laid eyes on the rainbow﹣hued rock formations.A young artist was there，drawing the scene on canvas.His passion was infectious，and I spent hours fascinated by the surreal beauty.Each place，（10） I visited at these distinct times，added a new page to my love affair with China's landscapes.
17．（2025 重庆模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Father of China's Nuclear Submarines﹣Huang Xuhua
Huang Xuhua，known as the"Father of China's Nuclear Submarines"，left us on February 6th，2025.But his （1） （remark） deeds and unwavering spirit will always （2） （engrave） in our hearts and continue to illuminate China's path forward.
Born in Guangdong Province in 1926，Huang witnessed the （3） （suffer） of his homeland under foreign invasions during his childhood.These experiences planted （4） firm seed in his heart and he vowed to strive for a stronger China.
In the 1950s， （5） China embarked on the ambitious and challenging journey of developing nuclear submarines，Huang Xuhua with his team stepped up fearlessly. （6） （safeguard）the project's secrecy，they cut off contact with the outside world，even from their families.Without access （7） foreign expertise，they could only rely on their own research during the design and development.They used simple tools like abacuses and slide rules to calculate （8） （precise）.After years of hard work and numerous trials，in the 1970s，China's first nuclear submarine was successfully built and tested.This achievement （9） （mark） a significant milestone in China's naval history，making China one of the few countries with such advanced capabilities.Huang Xuhua continued to contribute to submarine technology advancements throughout his life.
Now，remember that his dedication and spirit have always been an inspiration to generations of Chinese.We should inherit his spirit，learning from his perseverance and courage.In our own lives，when （10） （face） with difficulties，we should also be willing to take on challenges and never give up.
18．（2025 辽宁模拟） Chinese influencer Li Ziqi made an （1） （expect）comeback on social media after a hiatus of over three years，delighting her fans with two new videos.The videos， （2） showcased the transformation of a shed into a woodland cloakroom and the （3） （create）of wardrobe doors using traditional Chinese lacquer ware techniques（雕漆工艺）， （4） （release）across platforms like Tiktok，Sina Weibo，and YouTube.
Despite her last content update on July 14，2021，Li's follower count continued to grow，with many fans （5） （eager）awaiting her return.Her new videos quickly propelled her to over 26.67 million followers on Sina Weibo and 50.15 million on Tiktok.
Li's return （6） （dominate）online trends，and she was met with an outpouring of support in the comment sections of her videos.She responded，expressing her own longing （7） her audience and promising to share （8） （much）when her schedule allows. "Miss you!" she wrote.
Starting in 2016，Li captivated audiences with her videos on Sina Weibo that depicted idyllic rural life，traditional cooking，and cultural practices.In 2020，she achieved a Guinness World Record for the most （9） （subscriber）on a Chinese﹣language YouTube channel， （10） （boast）11.4 million followers at that time.Her return to content creation is a significant event for her millions of fans worldwide.
19．（2025 河北模拟） Ye Jiaying，a famous scholar of classical literature，has devoted（1） （she） to lecturing college students since she returned to China from Canada in 1979.
Ye was born into a family of intellectuals in Beijing in 1924 and she（2） （expose） to classical poetry and the English language when she was young.By 15，Ye could write outstanding poems and even saw them（3） （publish） in the journal History of Chinese Literature.She graduated from Beijing Normal University with the（4） （high）score for her year in 1945.
In 1979，Ye gave up her job in Canada and worked（5） a teacher at the Department of Chinese Literature in Nankai University.She engaged in teaching college students about her unique understanding and profound knowledge of Chinese literature and poetry at several domestic universities，and received high acclaim from them in（6） process.
"I have been tasked with the mission（7） （pass） down classical Chinese poetry to the younger generation since it is so beautiful and valuable，"Ye often explained，speaking about（8） she kept on holding lectures well into her 90s.
She even donated all her（9） （collect） of books and paintings along with personal savings to Nankai University in 2016.
（10） （express） her concern for society，she once said，"I want to engage with the world.I want to do something for humankind.I can do it without seeking fame，but my inner peace and clarity（明晰） shall not be disturbed."
20．（2025 四川模拟） In East China's Anhui province，a 2﹣meter﹣wide alley separates a pair of gray walls.At first glance it may seem insignificant. （1） ，to those who know its history，Liuchi Alley in Tongcheng symbolizes much more than its initial appearance would suggest.
In the Qing Dynasty，there were two families both with （2） （influence） members within the court of Emperor Kangxi.To the south was the Zhang family and to the north was the Wu family.But the two families had a fierce quarrel （3） （result） from the disagreement over the boundary between their houses.Unable to resolve it locally，the Zhangs asked their family member Zhang Ying，a trusted top official in the emperor's court， （4） help.Zhang called for them to step back 1 meter from the boundary instead of （5） （back） them，which moved the two families so much that both did exactly that.A2﹣meter﹣wide alley between the houses serving as the boundary （6） （bear） with the name Liuchi Alley，which originated from the Mandarin word for six and chi ﹣a traditional Chinese unit of （7） （long） that corresponds to one﹣third of a meter.
Nowadays，Liuchi Alley，one of the most famous （8） （attraction） in Tongcheng，stands as a model of harmonious and respectful neighbor relations in China， （9） illustrates the ancient wisdom of conflict resolution，inspiring people （10） （address） problems properly and foster a harmonious social environment.
高考英语考前冲刺押题预测 记叙文语法填空
参考答案与试题解析
一．语法填空（共20小题）
1．（2025 腾冲市校级二模） It rained every day during our visit to Suzhou，a city （1） built （build）on and around fresh water.Nearly half of the area is covered by lakes，streams and ponds.
Water is one of the four （2） symbolic （symbol）elements in a Chinese garden；it represents the ever﹣changing environment.Other elements include（3） rocks （rock）symbolizing eternity（永恒） ，plant life to show the shift of the seasons and structures constructed to compose a view or present themselves （4） as part of a view.
Our guide，Cathy，（5） carefully （careful）led us along stone paths and zigzag walkways."Suzhou classical gardens were constructed by talented scholars hundreds of years ago，"she said."I strongly recommend international tourists experience a special activity when visiting （6） a garden."
While tea is offered at all of the gardens，some have classes and demonstrations.A flower arrangement class is available at the Lingering Garden and a lesson from a bonsai （盆景） master can（7） be arranged （arrange） at Tiger Hill.We can imagine （8） how elegant these authentic experiences were in old times.
Structures are named （9） to reflect （reflect）their purpose，like the Mountain﹣in﹣View Tower，the Hall of Distant Fragrance and the"Keep and Listen"Pavilion.Cathy （10） stopped （stop）by one last pond as we were leaving.Standing at the water's edge，she summarized our visit by calling our attention to a limestone（石灰岩） feature that lay ahead，the native trees and the overarching bridge."This is a wonderful view in the garden，"she said ever so softly."It has everything."
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在苏州的游览经历，介绍了苏州园林的特色和元素。
【解答】（1）考查过去分词。句意：苏州是一座建在淡水之上和周围的城市，我们在苏州期间天天下雨。空处为非谓语动词，a city与build为被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填built。
（2）考查形容词。句意：水是中国园林中四大象征元素之一；它代表着不断变化的环境。形容词symbolic作定语修饰名词。故填symbolic。
（3）考查名词。句意：其他元素包括象征永恒的岩石，显示季节变化的植物生命，以及构成景观或作为景观的一部分呈现的结构。rock为可数名词，前面无不定冠词修饰，用复数形式作宾语，故填rocks。
（4）考查介词。句意：其他元素包括象征永恒的岩石，显示季节变化的植物生命，以及构成景观或作为景观的一部分呈现的结构。空处需要一个介词来表示"作为"用as，故填as。
（5）考查副词。句意：我们的导游Cathy小心翼翼地带领我们沿着石径和曲折的走道前行。副词carefully作状语修饰动词，故填carefully。
（6）考查不定冠词。句意：我强烈推荐国际游客在参观花园时体验一项特别的活动。表示"一个"且garden首字母的发音为辅音音素，故填a。
（7）考查被动语态。句意：留园有插花课程，虎丘有盆景大师的课程。a lesson与arrange为被动关系，且置于情态动词之后，用被动形式be arranged，故填be arranged。
（8）考查连接副词。句意：我们可以想象这些真实的体验在旧时代是多么优雅。设空处需要一个疑问副词how引导宾语从句，表示"多么"修饰elegant，故填how。
（9）考查不定式。句意：建筑结构的命名是为了反映它们的用途，如观山楼、远香堂和"守听"亭。不定式作目的状语，故填to reflect。
（10）考查时态。句意：当我们离开时，Cathy在最后一个池塘旁停了下来。根据"we were leaving"可知，在陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。故填stopped。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
2．（2025 东城区一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
After a weekend trip，my friend and I（1） were driving （drive） home when a blue car suddenly pulled up beside us at a stoplight.A woman and her little daughter excitedly told us shoes had flown（2） off our car!We realized our other friend must have left them on the roof.We thanked them and went back to search，（3） but we couldn't find the shoes until the same car reappeared!These kind strangers had circled back，（4） spotted （spot） shoes and even picking them up for us.Their unexpected effort to help us out made our day.
B
Researchers have discovered that dogs can identify the voices of different members of their human family.The research team tested 31 pet dogs.Three human caretakers of each dog（5） were asked （ask） to record their voices.Then they sat quietly in front of the dog while the recording played.The dogs usually approached﹣or at least spent more time looking at﹣the person （6） whose voice they heard.Experts hope to study whether other mammals have this skill，so they can better understand（7） how different species learn to communicate with each other.
C
AI and learning have a powerful and collaborative relationship.AI acts as a smart tool，personalizing lessons（8） to match （match） each student's pace and needs，which makes learning more effective.It also supports teachers by automating tasks like grading，allowing them to focus more on instruction and student interaction.However，it is important to use AI responsibly﹣it should complement，not replace，the role of teachers and students.Ensuring （9） fairness （fair），privacy，and ethical use is essential.When（10） used （use） wisely，AI can transform education for the better.
【答案】（1）were driving（2）off（3）but（4）spotted（5）were asked（6）whose（7）how（8）to match（9）fairness（10）used
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和朋友在旅途过程中，不小心把鞋子弄掉了，结果在开车回去找鞋子的时候，发现鞋子被好心人捡到并归还的故事。
【解答】（1）考查时态和主谓一致。句意为：在一个周末的旅行之后，我和我的朋友开车回家，这时一辆蓝色的汽车突然停在我们旁边。本句结构为"be doing sth.when…"，表示"正在做某事，这时……"，根据句意可知，此处需要表达"正在开车"这一含义，根据文章时态可知，此处应该用过去进行时，且主语是"my friend and I（我和我的朋友）"，因此be动词用"were"，故答案为were driving。
（2）考查固定搭配。句意为：一个女人和她的小女儿兴奋地告诉我们鞋子已经从我们的车上飞走了!结合句意可知，此处需要表达"从……飞走"这一含义，"fly off"表示"从……飞走"，故答案为off。
（3）考查连词。句意为：我们谢过他们，然后回去寻找，但没有找到鞋子，直到同一辆车又出现了!结合句意可知，此处需要表达"但是"这一含义，因此应该用连词"but"，故答案为but。
（4）考查时态。句意为：这些好心的陌生人又折回来了，发现了鞋子，甚至还为我们捡了起来。结合句意可知，此处需要表达"发现"这一含义，根据"circled（折回）"可知，此处应该用一般过去时，故答案为spotted。
（5）考查时态被动和主谓一致。句意为：每只狗的三个看护人被要求记录他们的声音。结合句意可知，此处需要表达"被要求"这一含义，"ask sb.to do sth."表示"要求某人做某事"，此处"sb."提前，所以应该用被动语态，即"sb.be asked to do sth."，根据文章时态可知，此处应该用一般过去时，且主语是"Three human caretakers（三个看护人）"，因此be动词用"were"，故答案为were asked。
（6）考查定语从句。句意为：狗通常会靠近——至少会花更多的时间看人说话。本句为定语从句，先行词为"person"，在从句中作定语，因此此处应该用关系代词"whose"，故答案为whose。
（7）考查宾语从句。句意为：专家们希望研究其他哺乳动物是否具有这种技能，以便他们能更好地了解不同物种如何学会相互交流。本句为宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，结合句意可知，此处需要表达"如何"这一含义，因此此处应该用"how"，故答案为how。
（8）考查不定式。句意为：人工智能是一个智能工具，通过个性化课程来匹配每个学生的节奏和需求，从而使学习更加有效。此处用不定式来表示目的，即"为了匹配每个学生的节奏和需求"，因此此处应该用"to match"，故答案为to match。
（9）考查不可数名词。句意为：确保公平、隐私和合乎道德的使用至关重要。结合句意可知，此处需要表达"公平"这一含义，因此应该用"fair"的名词形式"fairness"，故答案为fairness。
（10）考查被动语态。句意为：明智地使用时，人工智能可以更好地改变教育。结合句意可知，此处需要表达"被使用"这一含义，因此此处应该用被动语态，即"be used"，因为此处省略了主语和be动词，故答案为used。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
3．（2025 虹口区二模）
Reverse Culture Shock Is Real
Returning from studying abroad was like being hit by a wave of reality.The initial shock wasn't in the customs or language differences I （1） had expected （expect） abroad—it came when I stepped back into daily life in the U.S.
In Denmark and the other countries I visited， （2） not understanding （not understand） every word around me became strangely comforting.There was a quiet peace in not having to process every conversation，not being subjected to endless chatter.What struck me deeply was （3） that English surrounded me once more，a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn't realize I'd grown tired of.
Then came the noise. （4） After I had gotten used to the peacefulness，New York felt like a mixture of loud unpleasant sounds.Shouting is literally everywhere—it felt like everyone was always （5） in a rush to fill the air with sound.It felt disturbing，especially when I （6） was thrown （throw） into chaos after months of peace.
The hardest part wasn't just adjusting to the noise，but the lack of agreement between my excitement to talk about my experiences and the blank stares I received in return.I longed （7） to share （share），but it felt like no one really understood.Only my fellow study﹣abroad friends could relate，and their sympathy was a comfort.
The biggest change，though，was internal.I had once been set on a future in cardiothoracic surgery （心胸外科手术）， （8） convinced （convince） that medical school was my calling.Yet，living in Scandinavia shifted my perspective.Now，I'm researching global health.Life， （9） as it happens，has a way of changing direction when you least expect it.Sometimes，the best opportunities come from saying yes to （10） the unexpected，from stepping outside your comfort zone—and the people and experiences you meet along the way make it all worth it.
【答案】（1）had expected（2）not understanding（3）that（4）After（5）in（6）was thrown（7）to share（8）convinced （9）as（10）the
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者从国外留学归来后经历的文化冲击，包括对噪音的不适应、与他人交流经历时的落差以及自身内心的变化等。
【解答】（1）考查动词时态。句意：最初的冲击并非来自于我在国外所预期的风俗或语言差异——当我回到美国的日常生活时，它就出现了。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，expect这个动作发生在 "was" 之前，即过去的过去，所以要用过去完成时。故填had expected。
（2）考查动名词的否定形式。句意：在丹麦和我去过的其他国家，听不懂周围的每一个字却奇怪地让人感到安慰。not understanding every word around me是动名词短语作主语，表示一种行为或状态。故填not understanding。
（3）考查表语从句。句意：让我深感震惊的是，当英语再次围绕着我时，那种熟悉感是一种持续的反映，而我却没有意识到自己已经对这种熟悉感到厌倦了。空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，所以用 that 引导。故填that。
（4）考查连词。句意：在我习惯了宁静之后，纽约感觉就像各种嘈杂刺耳声音的混合体。这里表示在作者习惯了宁静之后才感觉到纽约的嘈杂，所以用 after 引导时间状语从句。首字母大写。故填After。
（5）考查介词。句意：到处都有人在喊叫 —— 感觉好像每个人总是匆匆忙忙地让空气中充满声音。"in a rush" 是固定短语，意为 "匆匆忙忙"。故填in。
（6）考查时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：尤其是在经历了几个月的平静之后，我被抛入混乱之中，这让我感到不安。空处为从句的谓语动词，"I"和 "throw"之间是被动关系，且这里描述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was thrown。
（7）考查过去分词。句意：我渴望分享，但感觉好像没有人真正理解。"long to do sth." 是固定搭配，意为 "渴望做某事"。故填to share。
（8）考查形容词。句意：我曾经一心想在心胸外科领域发展，深信医学院是我的使命所在。"be convinced that..."为固定用法，本句为形容词作状语。故填convinced。
（9）考查连词。句意：正如所发生的那样，生活在你最意想不到的时候会改变方向。"as it happens" 是固定用法，意为 "正如所发生的那样"，as引导方式状语从句。故填as。
（10）考查冠词。句意：有时候，最好的机会来自于对意外之事说 "是"，来自于走出你的舒适区。"the + 形容词" 表示一类事物，这里 "the unexpected" 表示 "意外的事情"。故填the。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
4．（2025 山东模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nursena Burus，a 19﹣year﹣old from the historical city of Manisa on Turkiye's Aegean coast， （1） has developed （develop） a taste for Chinese culture thanks to its cuisine and her travels around the country in the past few months.For Burus，coming to China was not just a language learning opportunity but a chance to experience a culture（2） which/that attracted her from afar.
She arrived in China in February 2024，just before Chinese New Year，and immediately involved（3） herself （she） in the lively，celebratory atmosphere.Red lanterns swayed in the wind，paper﹣cuttings adorned windows（4） and spirited couplets decorated doorways.Everywhere she went，the streets were filled with red，a color of celebration and good luck.
As classes began in March，Burus quickly adapted to learning and living at Tianjin University.She（5） regularly （regular） explored the university's cafeterias and discovered her favorite（6） dishes （dish），including Peking Duck.She often followed the recommended foods on the popular short video﹣sharing platform Douyin（7） to explore （explore） new restaurants and shared photos of her culinary adventures on her WeChat Moments.
Burus says that Chinese cuisines are rich and（8） tasty （taste），and the convenient digital payment system amazes her.
Before（9） leaving （leave） China earlier this year after she finished two semesters of a language﹣learning program，she left behind a wish bottle buried on campus，containing her desire to become a bridge for cultural exchanges（10） between Turkiye and China.
【答案】（1）has developed（2）which/that（3）herself（4）and（5）regularly（6）dishes（7）to explore（8）tasty（9）leaving（10）between
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是19岁的Nursena Burus来自土耳其伊兹密尔省的历史名城马尼萨，因中国美食和旅行爱上中国文化。2024年2月来中国，迅速融入天津大学学习生活，体验中国美食、文化，完成语言学习项目后留下愿望瓶，希望成为中土文化交流桥梁。
【解答】（1）考查时态及主谓一致。句意：19岁的努尔塞纳 布鲁丝来自土耳其爱琴海沿岸的历史名城马尼萨，在过去几个月里，由于中国美食和在这个国家的旅行，她对中国文化产生了浓厚兴趣。根据时间状语"in the past few months"可知，此处强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语Nursena Burus是单数，故填has developed。
（2）考查定语从句关系词。句意：对布鲁丝来说，来中国不仅仅是一个学习语言的机会，更是一个体验从远方就吸引她的文化的机会。先行词"a culture"指物，在定语从句中作主语，关系词用which或that，故填which/that。
（3）考查反身代词。句意：她于2024年2月，就在中国新年前来到中国，立即融入了热闹的庆祝氛围中。此处表示"使自己融入"，用反身代词作宾语，主语是she，故填herself。
（4）考查连词。句意：红色的灯笼在风中摇曳，剪纸装饰着窗户，充满生气的对联装饰着门口。分析可知，此处是三个并列的分句，用and连接，故填and。
（5）考查副词。句意：她经常探索学校的食堂，发现了自己最喜欢的菜肴，包括北京烤鸭。此处修饰动词"explored"，应用副词形式，故填regularly。
（6）考查名词复数。句意：她经常探索学校的食堂，发现了自己最喜欢的菜肴，包括北京烤鸭。根据后文"including Peking Duck"可知不止一道菜，应用复数形式，故填dishes。
（7）考查动词不定式。句意：她经常按照热门短视频分享平台抖音上推荐的美食去探索新餐厅，并在微信朋友圈分享她的美食之旅照片。此处表示目的，用动词不定式，故填to explore。
（8）考查形容词。句意：布鲁丝说，中国菜丰富又美味，便捷的数字支付系统也让她惊叹不已。此处与"rich"并列作表语，应用形容词形式，故填tasty。
（9）考查动名词。句意：在完成两个学期的语言学习项目后，今年早些时候离开中国之前，她在校园里埋下了一个许愿瓶，里面装着她成为中土文化交流桥梁的愿望。Before是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填leaving。
（10）考查介词。句意：在完成两个学期的语言学习项目后，今年早些时候离开中国之前，她在校园里埋下了一个许愿瓶，里面装着她成为中土文化交流桥梁的愿望。表示"在两者之间"用介词between，故填between。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
5．（2025 重庆模拟） Patrick Sommier，a French theater director，has been devoted to passing on the true meaning of Chinese operas which，according to him，are the assembly of all art forms， （1） to the French public.
On the occasion of the celebration for the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France in 2004，Sommier （2） was invited （invite） to collaborate on a joint project with the Beijing Vocational College of Opera and Arts（BVCOA） to perform Beijing Opera in France.Unexpectedly，the beauty of Beijing Opera（3） immediately （immediate） captured his heart.
Recalling his first （4） cooperation （cooperate） with the BVCOA，Sommier was highly impressed by the vigor of the actors （5） hidden （hide） behind the make﹣ups and costumes，and the strength of the characters from the Chinese classics that evoked thoughts of the Greek tragedy genre.He was also touched by the Chinese （6） professors' （professor） effort to pass their acting skills to their students by acting with them.He said，"In China，opera is （7） an art requiring lifelong devotion， （8） whose performing effect largely depends on the actors' inner strength and excellent acting skills."Since then，Sommier has learned various performance forms from professionals of BVCOA （9） and introduced many traditional Chinese operas to French audiences.
（10） Having served （serve） as a cultural courier（使者） between the two countries for two decades，Sommier hopes that the French and Chinese will mutually impress each other with high﹣quality shows.
【答案】（1）to（2）was invited（3）immediately（4）cooperation（5）hidden（6）professors'（7）an（8）whose（9）and（10）Having served
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了法国戏剧导演Patrick Sommier如何将中国戏曲的真正意义传达给法国观众，以及他在中法文化交流中所做的努力和贡献。
【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：法国戏剧导演Patrick Sommier一直致力于将他所认为的集所有艺术形式于一身的中国戏曲的真正内涵传递给法国观众。空处为介词形式，构成短语：pass on…to…，意为"将……传递给……"，符合句意。故填to。
（2）考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2004年，在中法建交40周年庆祝活动之际，Sommier受邀与北京戏曲艺术职业学院合作开展一个项目，在法国表演京剧。空处为本句谓语动词；根据"in 2004"可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为"Sommier"，单数，和动词"invite"之间为被动关系。故填was invited。
（3）考查副词。句意：出乎意料的是，京剧之美瞬间俘获了他的心。修饰动词用副词形式，意为"立即、瞬间"。故填immediately。
（4）考查名词。句意：回忆起与北京戏曲艺术职业学院的首次合作，Sommier对演员们隐藏在妆容和戏服背后的活力，以及源自中国经典作品中能让人联想到希腊悲剧风格的角色的感染力印象深刻。空处为名词形式担当宾语，意为"合作"。故填cooperation。
（5）考查过去分词。句意：回忆起与北京戏曲艺术职业学院的首次合作，Sommier对演员们隐藏在妆容和戏服背后的活力，以及源自中国经典作品中能让人联想到希腊悲剧风格的角色的感染力印象深刻。空处为非谓语动词担当后置定语；被修饰词"the vigor"和动词"hide"之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填hidden。
（6）考查名词的所有格形式。句意：他还被中国教授们通过与学生一同表演来传授表演技巧的努力所打动。根据句意可知，空处为名词所有格形式，修饰空后的"effort"；根据下文的"their"可知，空处为名词的复数形式的所有格形式。故填professors'。
（7）考查冠词。句意：他说："在中国，戏曲是一门需要投入毕生精力的艺术，其表演效果在很大程度上取决于演员的内在力量和精湛的表演技巧。"修饰名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词为元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
（8）考查定语从句。句意：他说："在中国，戏曲是一门需要投入毕生精力的艺术，其表演效果在很大程度上取决于演员的内在力量和精湛的表演技巧。" 空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词"opera"和空后"performing effect"之间为所有形式，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
（9）考查连词。句意：从那以后，Sommier向北京戏曲艺术职业学院的专业人士学习了各种表演形式，并将许多中国传统戏曲介绍给了法国观众。空处为连词形式；空前"has learned various performance forms from professionals of BVCOA"和空后"introduced many traditional Chinese operas to French audiences"之间为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
（10）考查现在分词的完成式。句意：作为中法两国之间的文化使者已有二十年之久，Sommier希望法国和中国能够用高质量的演出给彼此留下深刻印象。空处为非谓语动词担当状语；主语"Sommier"和动词"serve"之间为主动关系；根据时间状语"for two decades"可知，空处为现在分词的完成式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Having served。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
6．（2025 西城区一模）
A
Last summer，I joined a community garden project in my neighborhood.At first，I was nervous about working with （1） strangers （stranger），but everyone was welcoming and enthusiastic.I learned how to plant vegetables and care for flowers.In autumn，we had a big harvest and decided to donate the fresh produce to a local food bank.I never expected that our small efforts could create such an effect.The surprise came when I received a thank﹣you letter from a family （2） who benefited from our donations.It made me realize how powerful （3） kindness （kind） can be!
B
Tsinghua University plans to increase its undergraduate enrollment（本科招生人数）（4） by about 150 in 2025 and establish a new undergraduate school focused on combining artificial intelligence（AI） with various fields of study.The new school （5） will make （make） use of Tsinghua's strengths，（6） highlighting （highlight）AI's role in education and research.It （7） aims （aim） to explore AI﹣driven learning models and develop students with diverse skills，a solid understanding of AI and creative thinking.
C
At a 200﹣megawatt（兆瓦）wind farm in Hengshui，Hebei，the world's largest tonnage wheeled crane（起重机），the XCA4000，completed its first lift in March 2024.It （8） lifted （lift） a 130﹣metric﹣ton nacelle，a 40﹣ton hub and three 95﹣meter﹣long blades weighing 28 tons each，to a height of 162 meters for assembly（组装） on the tower.The XCA4000 has a self﹣developed control system and technologies （9） to ensure （ensure） safety during operation.With more than a dozen sensors （10） distributed （distribute） in the facility，it can detect and address potential safety dangers in real time.
【答案】（1）strangers（2）who（3）kindness（4）by（5）will make（6）highlighting（7）aims（8）lifted（9）to ensure（10）distributed
【分析】A 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了去年夏天，我参加了我家附近的一个社区花园项目。
B 本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了清华大学计划到2025年将本科生人数增加约150人，并建立一所新的本科学校，专注于将人工智能（AI）与各个研究领域相结合。
C 本文是一篇说明文，2024年3月，世界上最大吨位的轮式起重机XCA4000在河北衡水的一个200兆瓦的风电场完成了首次吊装。
【解答】（1）考查名词复数。句意：起初，我对与陌生人一起工作感到紧张，但每个人都很热情好客。分析句子可知此处stranger是可数名词，前面没有限制词，所以用复数表示泛指。故填strangers。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：当我收到一个受益于我们捐款的家庭的感谢信时，我感到很惊讶。分析句子可知此处是一个定语从句，先行词a family在从句中作主语，所以用who来引导。故填who。
（3）考查不可数名词。句意：这让我意识到善良是多么强大！分析句子可知此处需要作主语，所以用名词形式，kindness不可数。故填kindness。
（4）考查介词。句意：清华大学计划到2025年将本科生人数增加约150人，并建立一所新的本科学校，专注于将人工智能（AI）与各个研究领域相结合。分析句子可知此处表示"增加了..."，所以用increase by。故填by。
（5）考查动词时态。句意：新学校将利用清华的优势，突出人工智能在教育和研究中的作用。根据上一句的"Tsinghua University plans to increase "可知此处需要用一般将来时。故填will make。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：新学校将利用清华的优势，突出人工智能在教育和研究中的作用。分析句子可知此处需要用非谓语形式，The new school和highlight之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填highlighting。
（7）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：它的目的是探索人工智能驱动的学习模式，培养具有多样化技能、对人工智能有扎实理解和创造性思维的学生。根据上一句的"Tsinghua University plans to increase "可知此处需要用一般现在时，主语it，所以用第三人称单数。故填aims。
（8）考查动词时态。句意：它将一个130公吨的机舱、一个40吨的轮毂和三个95米长的叶片（每个叶片重28吨）提升到162米的高度，以便在塔上组装。根据上一句的in March 2024可知此处一般过去时。故填lifted。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：XCA4000拥有自主研发的控制系统和技术，以确保操作过程中的安全。分析句子可知此处表示目的，所以用动词不定式。故填to ensure。
（10）考查过去分词。句意：该设施中分布着十几个传感器，可以实时检测和解决潜在的安全隐患。分析句子可知此处是with复合结构，a dozen sensors和distribute之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填distributed。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
7．（2025 嘉定区二模）
Race to the Frozen North
On April 6，1909，six determined men stood at the top of the world，claiming victory over one of Earth's last great frontiers—the North Pole.Their leader，Robert E.Peary，captured the historic moment in photographs as his team proudly held up their flags.Among them was Matthew Henson，an experienced explorer（1） whose skills had been vital to their success.He held a unique flag，（2） sewn （sew）together from different pieces of fabric，while four expert Inuit hunters stood by his side.They guided the team through the endless frozen wilderness.
Reaching this ice﹣covered world was not easy.Many had tried before them，only（3） forced （force）back by terrible conditions.Peary's success was not just luck—it was careful strategy，perseverance，and the strength of his team.He relied heavily（4） on/upon Henson，who had journeyed with him through the Arctic before.Henson wasn't just an explorer；he was a survivalist，trained by the Inuit（因纽特人）in the art of handling the ice.
But no amount of skill （5） could make overcoming the Arctic any easier.The wind screamed like a wild beast，and the temperature dropped to a freezing minus 60 degrees Fahrenheit.Henson later wrote in his journal， "Freezing of the whole front part of the face is an ordinary occurrence." Ice formed on their skin， （6） biting （bite）deeper with every burst of wind.Frostbite（冻疮）was a constant threat.Peary himself had lost toes on earlier adventures.
Despite （7） what they endured，they kept pushing forward.Their food was simple but packed with energy：pemmican，a dense mixture of dried meat，animal fat，and berries.（8） Although/Though/While it did little to satisfy true hunger，it did keep them alive.Their days were long and exhausting.Yet they refused to stop.
Then，at last，they arrived.The vast，icy emptiness （9） stretched （stretch）in every direction.Henson，moving quickly ahead，was the first to mark their achievement.When Peary arrived，they planted their flags，securing their place in history.The impossible （10） was conquered （conquer）.
【答案】（1）whose（2）sewn（3）forced（4）on/upon（5）could（6）biting（7）what（8）Although/Though/While（9）stretched（10）was conquered
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，1909年4月6日，罗伯特 E 皮尔里带领团队成功抵达北极，其中经验丰富的探险家马修 亨森的技能对成功至关重要。
【解答】（1）考查定语从句。句意：其中有经验丰富的探险家马修 亨森，他的技能对他们的成功至关重要。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是Matthew Henson，指人，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰skills，应用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：他举着一面独特的旗帜，由不同的布料缝制而成，四个因纽特专家猎人站在他身边。分析句子可知，空处作后置定语，修饰flag，sew与flag之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填sewn。
（3）考查过去分词。句意：在他们之前，许多人曾尝试过，但都被恶劣的条件逼退了。分析句子可知，空处作状语，force与逻辑主语Many之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填forced。
（4）考查介词。句意：他非常依赖亨森，亨森以前曾和他一起到过北极。rely on/upon是固定短语，意为"依赖，依靠"，故填on/upon。
（5）考查情态动词。句意：但是，无论多少技巧都无法让克服北极变得更容易。根据句意可知，此处表示"能够"，应用情态动词can，结合语境可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填could。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：冰在他们的皮肤上形成，每一阵风都咬得更深。分析句子可知，空处作状语，bite与逻辑主语Ice之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填biting。
（7）考查宾语从句。句意：尽管他们忍受了这一切，但他们还是继续前进。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中endured缺少宾语，指物，应用what引导，故填what。
（8）考查连词。句意：虽然它不能满足真正的饥饿，但它确实让他们活了下来。根据句意可知，前后句之间是转折关系，应用although/though/while引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Although/Though/While。
（9）考查动词时态。句意：广阔、冰冷的空虚向四面八方延伸。分析句子可知，空处作谓语，stretch与主语The vast，icy emptiness之间是主动关系，且陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填stretched。
（10）考查动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意：不可能的事情被征服了。分析句子可知，空处作谓语，conquer与主语The impossible之间是被动关系，且陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用was，故填was conquered。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
8．（2025 河南二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Wang Xiaoyun，a well﹣known Chinese cryptographer（密码学家），was horn in a teacher family in Zhucheng，Shandong in 1966.（1） Influenced （influence） by her father，she showed a strong interest in mathematics and physics from an early age.Doe to her excellent mathematics in the college entrance examination，she applied for the Department of Mathematics at Shandong University，（2） and in 1987，she was admitted to the graduate school of Shandong University and studied analytic number theory with Professor Pan Chengdong，a famous mathematician.More than a year later，under the advice of the （3） instructor （instruct），Wang Xiaoyun transferred to cryptography.
Over the years，the hash functions MD5 and SHA﹣1 have been （4） generally （general） recognized as the most advanced and widely﹣used important algorithms（算法） worldwide.According to the （5） conventional （convention）method，even an advanced computer needs to be operated for 1 million years to be cracked.However，in 2004 and 2005，the two "fixed gold soup"algorithms were cracked by Wang Xiaoyun，（6） causing （cause）a strong "earthquake"in the international cryptography community.Moreover，in 2006，Wang Xiaoyun and domestic experts designed China's first hash function algorithm standard SM3，（7） whose security has been highly recognized at home and abroad.After the release of SM3，dozens of industry standards in the field of password﹣related fields（8） were released （release） and the country's understanding of cyber security issues became clearer and deeper."（9） To make （make）our network safer，we must use our research capabilities to do a good job of national password protection，"said Wang in terms（10） of future research dreams.
【答案】（1）Influenced（2）and（3）instructor（4）generally（5）conventional（6）causing（7）whose（8）were released（9）To make（10）of
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国著名的密码学家王小云教授的成长经历和学术成就。
【解答】（1）考查过去分词。句意：受父亲的影响，她从小就对数学和物理表现出浓厚的兴趣。句中已有谓语动词showed，空处需用非谓语动词作状语，空处动词influence与逻辑主语she之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母