【高考押题卷】2025年高考英语预测考前冲刺--议论文阅读理解（含答案与解析）

高考英语考前冲刺押题预测 议论文阅读理解
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2025 如皋市模拟） When I challenged myself to travel by low﹣carbon routes during the writing of my book，I experienced the best and worst of our transit network.When public transport works，it really works.I found traveling by train and bike empowering.
But even in this time of climate emergency，public transport still remains an unpopular choice.It doesn't take many strikes，cancellations，missed connections and rising ticket prices to avoid it altogether.When the average British person already spends around 3，500 a year on car costs，it's no wonder we prefer the driver's seat.
Yet，there are many reasons we should be using public transport more，with one being the bonus to the environment they bring.Recent research shows that UK trains have higher carbon savings than previously thought.For my Scottish journey，had I traveled a similar route from London to Edinburgh by car，my journey's emissions would supposedly have increased 10﹣fold.
E﹣bike rental schemes have also increased across the UK，and so has cycling in general，but this mode of transport isn't always planned for.All over the country，dedicated （专用的） bike lanes are way too rare.
All of this has revealed to me that while the UK's transport infrastructure （基础设施） is poor，its potential is significant.We know how effective electrified rail routes can be in decarbonization，but in 2021﹣22 little more than a mile of such track was upgraded across Britain.Centrally funded investment could change things.
The rest of Europe seems to recognize this.If I were in Austria，I could travel across Vienna by public transport for ?l a day.In Germany，I could organize a monthly ?49 direct debit for all﹣inclusive regional public transport.Closer to home，Brighton and Hove have the most popular bus network outside London.
We must demand a nationalized low﹣carbon network，A standardized，centrally funded consistently supported ecosystem of public transport across the UK could truly change our carbon game.
（1）What does the underlined word "empowering" in paragraph 1 most probably mean？ 　 　
A.Sparking debate.
B.Causing confusion.
C.Giving strength or confidence.
D.Leading to complaints and protests.
（2）What is the problem with implementing e﹣bike rental schemes？ 　 　
A.High rental fees.
B.Potential safety problems.
C.Lack of public interest.
D.Insufficient infrastructure.
（3）Why does the author mention Austria and Germany？ 　 　
A.To compare the costs of public transport.
B.To predict the challenges of UK's public transport.
C.To contrast with the state of UK's public transportation.
D.To illustrate the popularity of public transport in Europe.
（4）What can be the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A.Transforming carbon game：The Eco﹣Boost on Rails.
B.Revolutionizing UK Transport：The Green Ride Ahead.
C.Empowering Global travelling：A Long March on Land.
D.Revolutionizing UK City Life：The Tech Leap on Tracks.
2．（2025 龙岗区校级三模） Imagine waking up one morning to find your smartphone missing.You can no longer get guided to work，order your coffee，or connect with friends.For most of us，it is a nightmare（噩梦）.But it should not be exactly far﹣fetched.
Despite being more digitally connected than ever，we are lonelier and more anxious.Anxiety rates increased by 25% globally.Depression now affects over 280 million people worldwide.All of this is due to our growing dependence on social media and smart technologies designed to offer quick relief but often at the expense of deep，meaningful engagement，which may further cause our loss of something easy to be ignored.
While these conveniences offer short﹣term relief，they may weaken our thinking skills.For example，GPS has undeniably transformed how we travel.But a 2020 study found that frequent GPS users struggle more with self﹣guided navigation.Over time，those who depended more on GPS showed a sharp decline in special memory and problem﹣solving skills.However，reducing dependence on these conveniences can lead to discomfort.In seeking comfort today，we might be trading away some discomfort.
That is the problem：the very discomfort we avoid is often what strengthens us.Viewing stress，a kind of discomfort，as a challenge rather than a threat leads to better outcomes.Research shows that mild stress can enhance adaptability.Neuroscience（神经科学） reveals that neuroplasticity﹣the brain's ability to form new connections ﹣is enhanced through challenging experiences.This adaptability is crucial for developing resilience（抗逆力），a process fueled by both mental challenges and active effort.
But this doesn't mean we should reject comfort entirely；it's to balance it with intentional discomfort.Think of it as "microdosing hardship"﹣a series of small，manageable difficulties that keep our mental and emotional muscles strong，such as writing with a pen，or washing dishes by hand.These small acts are enough to reawaken the resilience we've buried under layers of ease.So，the next time you feel the pull of ease，pause.Ask yourself：Is this momentary comfort helping me grow or is it keeping me stuck？Choosing discomfort isn't easy，but sometimes，it's worth it.
（1）What does the underlined word"far﹣fetched"in Paragraph 1 probably mean？ 　 　
A.Possible to change.
B.Certain to function.
C.Unlikely to be forgotten.
D.Unable to be accepted.
（2）What may digital conveniences cause according to the text？ 　 　
A.The fast but worthless relief.
B.The meaningful engagement.
C.The loss of thinking capacity.
D.The lack of necessary comfort.
（3）Which is a real﹣life application of "microdosing hardship"？ 　 　
A.Taking the stairs instead of the lift.
B.Ordering take﹣out food after work.
C.Exploring a new city by using GPS.
D.Writing an email using voice﹣to﹣text.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？ 　 　
A.GPS：the invisible cost of convenience
B.Stress：the main cause of brain damage
C.Discomfort：a hidden source of resilience
D.Smartphones：barriers to human progress
3．（2025 普陀区二模）
Animal Welfare in Tourism
Over decades of travelling，I have come across some shocking treatment of animals clearly being exploited for our entertainment.The last time was in Morocco，when I was investigating the macaques they use as attractions in the markets.These poor monkeys were kept in terrible conditions and physically abused.Locked up during the daytime，they'd be brought out in the early evening for photo opportunities with holidaymakers.It seems likely that animal exploitation is increasing with the rise of selfie （自拍）culture，and that it's not fully understood by much of the public —which is why we desperately need laws to prevent travel companies selling tickets to cruel attractions.Sadly though，the way things stand，it's an absolutely pointless piece of legislation.While the last government went to the trouble of passing this act，it failed to set out a list of activities banned under it.That means thousands of holidaymakers can continue to buy tickets to attractions that treat animals cruelly this summer.
But there are some simple yet powerful things we can all do to help shut down these cruel trades.For starters we need to use the pounds in our pockets as a form of protest.This summer，simply refuse to spend money on any experience that might cause suffering to animals.And blow the whistle hard on any cruelty you come across.You can report incidents of animal cruelty at tourist attractions anywhere in the world to animal welfare organizations，who will use it to create a file of evidence to put pressure on the new government to make sure animals are not pushed aside.Your evidence is vital.
It's time to do better and make sure we choose well when it comes to satisfying our inborn urge to experience the animals we share our planet with.We should have respect for all life and want to treasure it.No five﹣minute thrill or subsequent social media post we get from an animal encounter is worth a lifetime of misery for them.We need to remember，their lives are as important as ours.
（1）According to the passage，which of the following is true about the macaques in Morocco？ 　 　
A.They were part of a wildlife conservation project.
B.They were free to move around during the daytime.
C.They were taken care of by animal welfare organizations.
D.They were caged in the day and used for photos in the evening.
（2）Why does the author consider the current law against animal cruelty ineffective？ 　 　
A.It lacks a clear list of banned practices.
B.It was rejected by the previous government.
C.It only applies to domestic animal abuse.
D.It is not supported by the travel companies.
（3）What can be inferred about the author's opinion on "selfie culture"？ 　 　
A.It helps promote animal welfare through social media.
B.It contributes to the rise of animal exploitation.
C.It encourages tourists to be more environmentally aware.
D.It reflects human indifference to animal suffering.
（4）What is the main purpose of the passage？ 　 　
A.To describe a shocking tourist experience in Morocco.
B.To expose animal cruelty in tourism and call for action.
C.To analyze the reasons for the increase in animal exploitation.
D.To introduce the current laws about animal welfare in tourism.
4．（2025 山东模拟） Language is so deeply embedded in almost every aspect of the way we interact with the world that it's hard to imagine what it would be like not to have it.What would be the consequence if we didn't have names for things or didn't have experience talking about things that hadn't actually happened？Would we be able to think？What would our thoughts be like？
The answer to the question of whether thought is possible without language depends on what you mean by"thought".Can you experience impressions and feelings without language？Yes，and very few would argue otherwise.But there is a difference between being able to experience"pain"and possessing the concept"pain".Most would say true thought involves having the concept.
Many artists and scientists，in describing their own inner processes while they work，say they do not use words to solve problems，but images.The autistic （患自闭症的）author Temple Grandin，in explaining how she thinks visually rather than linguistically，says that concepts for her are collections of images.
Of course，Grandin has language，and knows how to use it，so it is hard to say how much of her thinking has been influenced by it，but it's not unimaginable﹣﹣and probably likely—that there are people who are deficient in the ability to use language and think in the way she describes.
There is evidence that deaf people cut off from language possess the ability to think before being exposed to language.Also，the sign languages developed by deaf students without language models display the kind of thinking that goes far beyond mere sensory impression or practical problem solving.
However，while it appears that we can indeed think without language，there are certain kinds of thinking that are made possible by language.Language gives us symbols we can use to fix ideas，reflect on them，and hold them up for observation.It allows for a level of abstract reasoning we wouldn't have otherwise.The philosopher Peter Carruthers has argued that there is a type of inner，explicitly linguistic thinking that allows us to bring our own thoughts into conscious awareness.We may be able to think without language，but language lets us know we are thinking.
（1）What does the author intend to show with the experience of Temple Grandin？ 　 　
A.People without language can't think.
B.Language has no influence on thinking.
C.Some people may think in a non﹣linguistic way.
D.Autistic people have a special way of using language.
（2）Which of the following best explains"deficient"underlined in paragraph 4？ 　 　
A.Flexible.
B.Lacking.
C.Confident.
D.Experienced.
（3）What could we learn from the last paragraph？ 　 　
A.Language facilitates abstract reasoning.
B.Language is merely useful for reflection.
C.Language is a must for people to perceive the world.
D.Language restricts people's ability to think visually.
（4）What is the writing purpose of the text？ 　 　
A.To stress the importance of language in daily life.
B.To advocate the thinking modes of scientists and artists.
C.To demonstrate the cognitive abilities of average individuals.
D.To show the relationship between thought and language.
5．（2025 奉贤区二模） The technological singularity（技术奇点） is a theoretical scenario where technological growth becomes uncontrollable and irreversible，leading to profound and unpredictable changes to human civilization.
In theory，this phenomenon is driven by the emergence of artificial intelligence （AI） that surpasses human cognitive（认知的） capabilities and can autonomously enhance itself.The theory suggests that such advancements could evolve at a pace so rapid that humans would be unable to foresee or stop the process.The implications of reaching this singularity point could be good or disastrous for the human race.For now，the concept stays within the boundaries of science fiction，but nonetheless，it's still worth thinking about what such a future might look like，so that humanity might steer AI development in such a way as to promote its civilizational interests.
The timeline for reaching the technological singularity is a subject of much debate among experts.Ray Kurzweil，one of the most vocal advocates of the singularity，has famously predicted that the singularity is near and will happen by 2045.His prediction is based on trends such as Moore's law and the increasing rate of technological advancements in fields such as computing，AIand biotechnology.
Other experts cast more doubt on the prediction or propose different timelines.Some suggest that while AI will continue to advance，the complexities and unforeseen challenges of achieving super intelligence might delay the singularity beyond this century，if it happens at all.Systems theorist Richard Coren，in his book The Evolutionary Trajectory，projects a singularity in 2140.Technological，ethical and regulatory challenges might all potentially slow the pace of AI development.
Moreover，figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself.The developments leading to a singularity involve many variables，including breakthroughs in AI algorithms，hardware capabilities and societal factors that are hard to forecast with accuracy.
Eamonn Healy，a professor at St.Edward's University，assumes the evolution，particularly in terms of technological and intellectual advancement，is proceeding at an ever﹣increasing pace，compressing what used to take millennia into centuries and even shorter time frames.This concept of the acceleration（加速） of technological advancements echoes the views of futurists such as RayKurzweil，who predict that such changes might occur around the mid﹣21st century.
（1）The underlined word"steer"in the passage is closest in meaning to 　 　 .
A.quicken
B.restrict
C.direct
D.predict
（2）If an expert foresees the singularity in less than 30 years，who might he team up with？ 　 　
A.Ray Kurzwei l and Richard Coren
B.Eamonn Healy and Ray Kurzweil
C.Roman Yampolskiy and Eamonn Healy
D.Richard Coren and Roman Yampolskiy
（3）What best describes Roman Yampolskiy's attitude toward predicting the singularity？ 　 　
A.Reserved
B.Optimistic
C.Indifferent
D.Neutral
（4）Which statement best summarizes the passage？ 　 　
A.The singularity is a guaranteed event with clear benefits.
B.The singularity's timeline and implications remain uncertain.
C.Experts agree the singularity will occur by 2045 without delay.
D.AI development is accelerated due to regulatory obstacles.
6．（2025 葫芦岛一模） Li Lin，a senior three student，is preparing an argumentative essay on sea exploration.He 1 has collected some texts for reference，two of which are shown below for his writing.
Text 1 Exploring the sea usually means exploiting it，which has caused numerous problems and will continue to cause more. More exploration means more pollution.The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million gallons （加仑） of oil into the sea in 2010.Plastic pollution is also harmful，killing many birds and fish，and has even been found in our tap water.Mining for resources is damaging，especially in the Arctic.Climate change has led to less ice，which means we can look for more fossil fuels （化石燃料） further north.But if we burn these，the ice will melt more，thus worsening this negative cycle.Whales and dolphins are also overfished for their meat or for research.Although this was banned in 1982，some countries are still "murdering" these intelligent creatures without mercy. The sea stretches out immeasurably but it is more sensitive than we think.If we don't protect it，future generations will not forgive us.
Text 2 To truly understand our planet，we must explore the oceans which cover most of it.Opponents may be concerned，but sea exploration matters to the future. Gaining more insights into the sea will also help us manage its resources better.Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth.It may enable us to discover new medicines，as well as new sources of food and energy.Accessing the deep ocean may provide hints of events such as earthquakes.The population of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development.There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice，not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals.The related environmental risks should be balanced with economic needs.Hopefully，as technology improves，we can have more options for managing this balance.
（1）Which of the following can be inferred from the texts？ 　 　
A.Plastic pollution has directly contributed to the melting of Arctic ice.
B.Overfishing has been stopped due to international bans introduced in 1982.
C.Logging new species could lead to advancements in medicine and food production.
D.The population growth worldwide has reduced the need for deep﹣sea resources.
（2）Which question can't Li Lin get the answer to based on the two texts？ 　 　
A.What's the purpose of sea exploration？
B.How does sea exploration cause damage to the sea？
C.What benefits can sea exploration bring to other research fields？
D.What can we do to balance environmental protection and sea exploration？
（3）According to Text 2，what is one of the advantages of sea exploration？ 　 　
A.It can help prevent climate change.
B.It can increase the world's population.
C.It can stop the overfishing of sea animals.
D .It can provide more resources for development.
（4）If Li Lin writes an essay using both texts，what's likely the central theme？ 　 　
A.Balance between the impact of sea exploration and its benefits.
B.Technological breakthroughs in sea exploration.
C.Ways to improve the efficiency of sea development.
D.Appeal to protect the sea from unsustainable exploration.
7．（2025 呼和浩特一模） After 25 years at Mumsnet，the UK's most popular website for parents，I thought I'd seen it all with big tech，but Google's push to change UK copyright law for uncompensated content scraping （抓取） left me stunned.We've experienced the direct impact of this，launching the first British legal action against OpenAI for scraping our content —likely for training its large language model （LLM） —without approval，a clear copyright violation （侵权）.
You might wonder why using online content for AI training is a problem，given Google's data collection for search purpose since the dawn of the Internet.When websites allow Google to access their data，they receive a clear return on investment：the heightened search traffic that originates from being listed in Google's search rankings.In contrast，AI training is building models such as ChatGPT to provide the answers to any prospective questions，and that will mean people no longer need to go elsewhere for solutions.And it is building those models with illegally scraped content from the very websites it is ready to replace.
Allowing the AI companies to simply steal content isn't just unfair to publishers who see no reward for the work they put in，or the risks they take，it's also an existing threat to them and eventually counterproductive.If publishers disappear because the AIs have swept up all their traffic，then who's left to produce the content to feed the AI models？
Mumsnet is fortunate to be in a stronger position than many，as much of our traffic is direct，not search﹣engine driven.An AI chatbot can give a "Mumsnet﹣style" answer to a parenting question，but they'll never be as funny about parking wars，and they'll never offer the emotional support that helps around 1，000 women leave abusive partners each year.But if these trillion﹣dollar giants are allowed to exploit content producers，and get away with it，they will destroy many of them，and all the jobs dependent on them.
（1）What does the underlined word "traffic" in Paragraph 2 mean？ 　 　
A.Flow of information.
B.Engine of websites.
C.Function of chatbot.
D.Model of AI training.
（2）What's the ultimate effect of using unpaid content？ 　 　
A.Innovation in language models.
B.Rejection of AI﹣generated data.
C.Decline of content supply.
D.Wider accessibility to websites.
（3）What gives Mumsnet an advantage over AI chatbots？ 　 　
A.It boasts strong search function.
B.It covers a wide range of human concerns.
C.It features humanized interaction.
D.It has a distinctive question﹣and﹣answer style.
（4）What's the purpose of the text？ 　 　
A.To explore AI's role in future content creation.
B.To advocate the acceptance of content scraping.
C.To voice worries over tech giant's misuse of content.
D.To discuss the cooperation of tech giants and publishers.
8．（2025 和平区一模） Economists tend to be big fans of education.Alfred Marshall，writing in 1873，hoped that education would help erase the"distinction between working men and gentlemen".Gary Becker of the University of Chicago reimagined education as an investment in "human capital" that would produce returns in the market similar to other assets.
But economics can also be severely critical of schooling.In The Social Limits to Growth，a book published in 1976，Fred Hirsch pointed out that education is often"positional"in nature.What matters is not only how much you have，but whether you have more than the next person.An unhappy consequence is that one family's expenses of schooling raise the bar for everyone else.Families are drawn，often unconsciously，into educational arms races.They spend money and time on after﹣school tutoring or extra﹣curricular activities in the expectation that it will improve their child's position in the queue for advancement.But they quickly discover that everyone else is doing the same，leaving them in the same position as before."If everyone stands on tiptoe，no one sees better，"Hirsch noted.
These arms races are often particularly intense in East Asia.The government of South Korea has tried to ease the races.For example，it imposed a 10 p.m.curfew（宵禁） on cramming schools（补习学校）.Inspectors would look for schools with their lights on.Will these measures work？It is almost impossible to stop families hiring private tutors to teach their children in their own homes.
The arms race is notably less intense in parts of Europe.In Norway and Sweden parents show little demand for tutoring﹣the wealthy even less than others，according to Steve Enrich of the University of Potsdam.And overeducation is less common in Germany and other countries that sort children early into academic or vocational（职业的） schools，with little mobility between the two.For better or worse，that removes large numbers of students from the race for more academic honors.
Germany's practice of placing children on different tracks at an early age also invites an interesting thought experiment.What if college entrance tests were held earlier in a pupil's career？If these exams truly test the knowledge required for university，they must be held just before university starts.But if such tests mostly serve as filters，selecting better students from worse，they need not be held so late.An earlier test would save families a year or two of costly cramming，shortening "the obstacle journey"，as Hirsch put it，without much changing the results.
（1）What viewpoint is Gary Becker likely to agree with according to Paragraph 1？ 　 　
A.Education generates financial returns in the market.
B.Education leads to the widening of class difference.
C.Education plays a vital role in a person's growth.
D.Education promotes progress toward social equality.
（2）Why do we say that one family's expenses of schooling raise the bar for everyone else？ 　 　
A.Because it improves standards，making others follow suit.
B.Because it sets up barriers，making it harder for others to reach the same level.
C.Because it provides a model，forcing others to spend even more.
D.Because it limits the range of educational resources，forcing others to give up.
（3）Why does the author mention East Asia and parts of Europe？ 　 　
A.To assess educational competitiveness across regions.
B.To highlight the impact of private tutoring on education.
C.To contrast educational arms races in different areas.
D.To analyze strategies for lessening academic pressure.
（4）What is the purpose of writing the article？ 　 　
A.To introduce economic concepts to offer insights into educational problems.
B.To discuss the economic impact on education among different countries.
C.To explore the nature and consequences of education competition.
D.To compare educational practices between East Asia and Europe.
（5）What can be inferred about the author's attitude towards the overeducation issue？ 　 　
A.The author believes that overeducation does not greatly change the results.
B.The author believes that examinations are the cause of overeducation.
C.The author advocates that we should learn from the European countries.
D.The author suggests removing large numbers of students from the race.
9．（2025 和平区一模）Poetry can move souls and thrum（敲打） hearts：why wouldn't we teach our children about it？
According to a new survey by the Centre for Literacy in Primary Education，schools are facing significant obstacles in teaching poetry in the classroom.As someone who has worked with many students and spoken at numerous teacher conferences，I can confirm that fitting poetry into the school day can be a challenge.
It's unfortunate that poetry is often forgotten until we need it，such as at weddings and funerals.However，we all know the power of poetry to speak to something deep within us.My memories of poetry in the classroom are of analyzing Sylvia Plath's work，but analyzing alone can disconnect us from our enjoyment of reading a good poem or a poet that speaks to us，which misses the point.
I used to go into schools to help get young people excited about poetry，and I learned that the best way to do this was by sharing the joy I feel through writing it.Engaging in free﹣write exercises reveals a deeper appreciation for poets like Jack Kerouac and William Burroughs.By showing children that their thoughts and feelings are worthy of poems，you give them a seat at the table.
Publishers are producing more poetry for a range of ages，making this an exciting time to renew our focus on poetry in the classroom.Despite the challenges，there is great work being done by some brilliant teachers，but more resources and support are needed.
As Waterstones Children's Laureate（桂冠）（2022﹣2024），I have made it a large part of my tenure（任期） to promote poetry.My Poetry Prompts videos go live on the Book Trust website every Monday morning，offering students a fun way to start a poem.By the time my tenure is over，there will be at least 80 of these free poetry resources for teachers to use in the classroom to get children writing and appreciating poetry.There are also other resources available，such as activities，teacher's kits，and recorded poems that anyone can find online.
This is an exciting time for poetry，and I hope that with better resources and awareness of how it can be taught，poetry can gain its rightful place as a staple in all our classrooms.It is a way to show children how their words，their worlds，their thoughts，and their opinions have the power to move souls and thrum hearts.
（1）What can we learn about poetry from the passage？ 　 　
A.Poetry is often forgotten on various occasions，even at weddings and funerals.
B.Poetry empowers students by allowing them to express themselves more joyfully.
C.Only analysis can add to the pleasure of appreciating good poetic works.
D.Poetry education in schools fails to grasp the its significance.
（2）Based on the paragraph 3，which of the following method of teaching poetry is not recommended by the author？ 　 　
A.Engaging students to do free write exercises.
B.Share the fun of writing poems with them.
C.Encourage them to imitate the great poets.
D.Motivate them to express themselves through poems.
（3）According to the passage，the author has done all the followings to promote poetry except 　 　 .
A.getting students and teachers aware of the proper way to learn poems
B.working with publishers to produce more poetry for students of different ages
C.posting videos that offer students a fun way to start writing poems on their own
D.encouraging people to fully take advantage of the resources available online
（4）What can be inferred from the last paragraph？ 　 　
A.The great challenges in poetry education will soon be managed.
B.Poetry can be used as a tool to discipline children in the classroom.
C.The author values the impact of poetry on developing people's emotions.
D.Students are already fully aware the power of their words.
10．（2025 天津模拟） As someone closely involved in the fashion tech industry，I've watched the growth of the Chinese short drama from its early days.Chinese short dramas﹣also known as "vertical shorts" or "mini TV series" —are becoming more popular in the global market.By the end of February 2024，the US emerged as a key market for these dramas.According to Sensor Tower，a mobile application data analysis company，Chinese platforms like ReelShort，DramaBox and GoodShort generated 69，57 and 66 percent of their total earnings from the US market，respectively.
Despite their market potential，Chinese short dramas still face challenges in global expansion，including cultural differences and language barriers.Here are some strategies I believe could help them succeed in Western markets.
First，they need to localize their content more effectively.This means working with native speakers and professionals from the target country.I've encountered many translated scripts （剧本） that lack natural expressions and logical flow，often the result of machine translation.Additionally，since most Chinese short dramas are aimed at women，it's essential to involve more women writers，directors and producers.With a growing audience of women over 35，it's important to show women in leadership roles and tell stories that reflect their real﹣life experiences and ambitions，avoiding cliched （老套的） Cinderella﹣style rescue stories.
Short dramas can also attract more young audiences by partnering with fashion and lifestyle pared to traditional films that rely on ticket sales and product placement，Chinese short dramas use a pay﹣to﹣view model，allowing investors to see significant returns.I've noticed that overseas audiences are often willing to spend＄40 —100 （about 292 —730 yuan） to watch high﹣quality series on their mobile devices.These platforms serve people who enjoy watching content during daily travel or in their free time.With younger generations using social media more for entertainment，this trend is likely to grow，making short dramas a smart and long﹣term investment.
I also believe AI will play a crucial role in expanding short drama story ideas.AI can assist with pre﹣production，planning and scheduling，which is especially valuable for low﹣budget projects.Generative AI can create backgrounds，impressive wide﹣angle scenes with crowds and special effects，starting a new era of digital content creation that crosses borders.
While challenges remain，they also present opportunities for investors seeking high returns.By strengthening international collaboration （合作），promoting cultural exchange and using up AI technology to come up with new kinds of stories，I believe Chinese short dramas can succeed in overseas markets.
（1）What challenge do Chinese short dramas face in global markets？ 　 　
A.High production expenses.
B.Culture and language barriers.
C.Outdated marketing strategies.
D.Limited interest in their content.
（2）Why does the author emphasize the involvement of women creators in short dramas？ 　 　
A.To attract new age groups.
B.To ensure diverse storytelling.
C.To meet the target audience's needs.
D.To balance the gender ratio of creators.
（3）How do short dramas profit differently from traditional films？ 　 　
A.By selling branded merchandise.
B.By charging a pay﹣to﹣view fee.
C.By partnering with fashion brands.
D.By relying on mobile advertisements.
（4）According to the author，what role does AI play in short drama production？ 　 　
A.Improving script translations.
B.Adding more entertainment elements.
C.Designing characters and costumes.
D.Enhancing story creation and special effects.
（5）Which is the best title of the passage？ 　 　
A.Strategies for Short Drama to succeed in Western Markets
B.Rise of Chinese Short Dramas in the Western markets
C.AI：Key to Short Drama's Success in Foreign Markets
D.Short Dramas：Global Achievements & Obstacles
11．（2025 巴楚县校级二模） Increasingly hot topics in both science and journalism are diversifying the people in these professions and examining what is meant by "objectivity".As both become more enriched with varied backgrounds and views，are the old ideas of objectivity outdated？I sat down with Amna Nawaz，the new co﹣anchor of Public Broadcasting Service's NewsHour who shared how she brings her "whole self" to her work.
"I always like to point out …mostly older white men …were in those roles of determining what was considered to be news，" she told me.But she noted that these biased （偏见的） viewpoints are being challenged as more women，young professionals and people of color join the industry.All journalists，she noted， "let the facts guide our reporting."
The scientific enterprise in America also has long been dominated and defined by the white male views，so as the diversity of scientists increases，standards must also be redefined in a more expansive way.Certainly，for both journalists and scientists，a variety of personal and professional experiences strengthen their practices by，for example，bringing more attention or understanding to certain topics and increasing the objectivity of the entire enterprise by ensuring that evidence is considered from a wide range of different viewpoints.
Scientists，like journalists，bring their whole selves to their research，which，on the one hand，makes individual scientists sensitive to motivated reasoning and biases.But on the other hand，scientific consensus （一致） ultimately gets closer to the truth，and the more diverse the collection of scientists，the faster they will get to an agreement because the process will wash out common sets of biases much more efficiently.
We both agreed that the practices of journalism and science require focus on how to best convey changes in information to the public.Nawaz knows that journalists cannot control how the public reacts to a story，but only how well they can report a story as it develops.That's true for science too.The only thing we can do in the face of that is to concentrate on what we do best.
（1）What does Nawaz think of the effect of journalist diversity on journalism？ 　 　
A.It shows personal experiences destroy reporting.
B.It allows journalists to hide their bias among others.
C.It confirms fairness can maintain objectivity in journalism.
D.It challenges the tradition by introducing broader viewpoints.
（2）How does diversity help to improve the objectivity of the scientific field？ 　 　
A.By integrating biases into research.
B.By focusing on evidence instead of ideas.
C.By reaching quicker agreements from wider views.
D.By valuing group efforts rather than individual work.
（3）What does the author suggest on dealing with public doubts in the two professions？ 　 　
A.Getting devoted to work.
B.Changing personal biases.
C.Bettering practical experience.
D.Correcting public misunderstanding.
（4）What is the text mainly about？ 　 　
A.The true diversity in journalism and science.
B.Various challenges in journalism and science.
C.Balanced roles in modern reporting and research.
D.Impact of diversity on objectivity in journalism and science.
12．（2025 门头沟区一模） One thing about AI that worries more people than any other is that it might take their livelihood away.But experts are divided as to whether the technology will bring us a life of leisure or a life of pressure.As ever，the truth probably lies somewhere in the middle.AI won't take our jobs，but it will change them.
Some British economists assumed that robots would take our jobs and our working week would decrease to 15 hours by 2030.In 2013，Michael Osborne at the University of Oxford looked at 702 types of work and ranked them according to how easy it would be to automate them.He found that about under half of all jobs in the US could workably be done by machines within two decades.The list includes jobs such as telemarketers and library technicians.Not far behind were less obviously susceptible jobs，including models and cooks，threatened respectively by digital avatars and robochefs.The least vulnerable included mental health workers and teachers of young children.In general，jobs that performed better required strong social interaction and creative ability.
However，others find that list overblown.A paper for the OECD club in 2016 suggested that AI would not be able to do all the tasks associated with all these jobs，particularly those requiring human interaction，and only about 9 percent of jobs are fully automatable.Moreover，past experience shows that jobs tend to evolve（演变，进化） around automation."Successful innovations are those that complement rather than occupy us，"says Ben Shneiderman，from the University of Maryland."Technologies are most effective when their designs amplify human abilities.They could help us solve problems，communicate widely or create art，"says Shneiderman.
"Robots could be a liberating force by taking away routine work，"says Tom Watson，whose study on AI's development in employment concludes that AI could create as many jobs as it destroys.He is，however，concerned the increasing of automation has led to the rise in inequality and imbalance in power."We've got to be careful that big corporations and employers don't accumulate all the benefits while ordinary workers are left to lump the negatives，he says.
How can we adapt？The answer might simply be to update our social frameworks to reflect the new reality of work.Another proposal is an AI tax on companies that are saving money by replacing workers with algorithms.Ultimately we，not AI，are in charge of our own destiny."There will be unfairness and disruptions，"says Watson. "But the question is：is future human﹣centered？I say it is."
（1）What does the word"susceptible"underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean？　 　
A.Workable.
B.Predictable.
C Replaceable.
D.Reliable.
（2）What can we lear from Ben Shneiderman 's words？　 　
A.Technologies can always promote jobs.
B.Successful automation helps evolve our jobs.
C.Fully automatable jobs require human interaction.
D.Effective innovations are those that can occupy us.
（3）What can we learn from AI's development in employment？　 　
A.It can help free labours from routine work.
B.It makes big corporations bear most negatives.
C.It will finally lead to incredible inequality in jobs.
D.It destroys occupations faster than it provides them.
（4）What's the author's purpose of writing the last paragraph？　 　
A To offer solutions to mentioned problems.
B.To note the future of relative researches.
C.o reveal limits of existing perspectives.
D.To sum up arguments from both sides.
13．（2025 北京校级模拟） The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know.By next year，half of the calls we receive will be scams（欺诈）.We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfortunately，it's too little，too late.By the time these "solutions" become widely available，scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.In the near future，it's not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.Soon you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actually real.
That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation （处理） and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use.At this year's I/O Conference，a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human﹣sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision.A decade of data breaches（数据侵入）of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother's name，and far more.Armed with this knowledge，they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.This means，for example，that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller's，tricking you into "confirming" your address，mother's name，and card number.Scammers follow money，so companies will be the worst hit.A lot of business is still done over the phone，and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks.Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images，showing when and who they were made by，or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data﹣based communications —using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp，which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose，and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
（1）How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls？ 　 　
A.Panicked.
B.Confused.
C.Embarrassed.
D.Disappointed.
（2）Taking advantage of the new technologies，scammers can 　 　 .
A.aim at victims precisely
B.damage databases easily
C.start campaigns rapidly
D.spread information widely
（3）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A.Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B.Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls
C.Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D.How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
14．（2025 中山市校级三模） The Greek philosopher （哲学家） Heraclitus taught that you can't step into the same river twice，for you aren't the same person at each visit，and the water is ever flowing.It is a powerful way to represent the reality that everything is always changing.
Yet so many of us have difficulty adapting to change.We deny it，resist （抵抗） it or attempt to control it，the result of which is almost always some combination of stress，anxiety and burnout.
It doesn't have to be that way.No doubt，change can，and often does，hurt.But with the right mind﹣set，it can also be a force for growth.It's not as if we have any choice in the matter.Like it or not，life is change.We'd be wise to shift our position from useless resistance to being in conversation with change instead.
A concept called "allostasis" can help.Developed in the late 1980s by Peter Sterling and Joseph Eyer，allostasis is defined as "stability through change".In other words，the way to stay stable through the process of change is by changing，at least to some extent.
From neuroscience to pain science and psychology，allostasis has become the standard model for understanding change in the scientific community.The brain is at its best when it is constantly making new connections.Overcoming pain，be it physical or psychological，is not about resistance （which often worsens the experience） or trying to get back to where you were before a distressing event or situation.It's about balancing acceptance with problem﹣solving and moving forward to a new normal.
Yet this concept is still little known to ordinary people and it is time to start practicing it now.Over the past few years，the river of change has been flowing mercilessly，and it shows no signs of letting up.Hardly a decade after the widespread adoption of social media，a new technology that may be far more powerful，artificial intelligence，is being widely used.
It's like what our friend Heraclitus advised：Take part in change by focusing on what we can control and trying to let go of what we can't.Our ability to work with these changes is directly related to our life satisfaction.
（1）What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph？　 　
A．We could have a right mind﹣set.
B．Philosophy exists everywhere.
C．Some people are wiser than others.
D．Change is unavoidable in life.
（2）How should we deal with changes according to the author？　 　
A．Pay no attention to them.
B．Participate in them.
C．Fight against them.
D．Put them under control.
（3）What does the underlined phrase "letting up" in paragraph 6 probably mean？　 　
A．Slowing down.
B．Setting off.
C．Turning up.
D．Putting down.
（4）What is the best title for the text？　 　
A．Why Can't We Stop Changes in Life？
B．How Can We Increase Our Life Satisfaction？
C．Let's Transform Our Relationship with Change.
D．Try to Help the Public to Understand Allostasis.
15．（2025 巴州区校级模拟） In today's fast﹣paced world，joy can often feel hard to find.However，Zadie Smith offers a refreshing perspective on the concept of joy and its significance in our lives，in her essay Joy.Through a blend of personal anecdotes，literary references，and thought﹣provoking insights，Smith explores the complexities ot joy and its relationship to happiness.
Smith explores the definition and perception of joy，distinguishing it from happiness，which originates from internal contentment rather than external circumstances.She finds joy in small pleasures ot life，such as interactions with a child or observing daily routines.While society often views joy as short﹣lived or shallow，prioritizing grand achievements and material pursuits，Smith challenges this notion，arguing that joy in simple things significantly enhances our well﹣being.
One of the key aspects of Smith's essay is her exploration of the role of literature in capturing and conveying joy.She claims that by immersing ourselves in the stories and experiences of others，we can broaden our horizons and find joy in the shared human experience.This insight emphasizes the importance of storytelling and the arts in fostering a sense of joy and connection in society.
Smith also digs into how identity shapes our understanding of joy，reflecting on her multicultural background and its influence on her views.She highlights how joy is often rooted in cultural legacy and individual experiences，emphasizing the value of embracing diverse identities.
Furthermore，Smith examines the role of community and social connections in fostering joy.She argues that joy is often connected with our relationships and the sense of belonging we get from them.Sharing laughter or celebrating together with others can make our joy stronger and build a sense of community.
Zadie Smith's essay Joy offers an exploration of joy and its significance in our lives and encourages us to reevaluate our understanding of joy and seek its presence in our everyday lives.
（1）How does Smith think people can find joy？　 　
A.By appreciating ordinary moments of daily life.
B.By achieving great success and acquiring wealth.
C.By seeking contentment in external circumstances.
D.By focusing on personal growth through self﹣reflection.
（2）What role does literature play in pursuing joy？　 　
A.It provides entertainment for society.
B.It distracts us from problems.
C.It promotes understanding of others.
D.It helps us find life's meaning.
（3）What influences our view of joy according to Smith？　 　
A.Financial status and social recognition.
B.Cultural heritage and social relationships.
C.Professional success and personal value.
D.Physical health and educational background.
（4）What's the text？　 　
A.A commentary.
B.A news report.
C.A book review.
D.A personal narrative.
16．（2025 海淀区校级模拟） In 1979，Archie Cochrane published an essay criticizing his fellow doctors."It is surely a great criticism of our profession，"he wrote，"that we have not organized a critical summary，by speciality or subspecialty，adapted periodically，of all relevant randomized controlled trials."The idea of"organizing a critical summary"may not seem a groundbreaking concept，yet Cochrane had struck at the heart of the matter.
The basic building block of evidence in medicine is the randomized trial，as Cochrane understood.But some trials are flawed，others may have vanished from the academic record，unpublished because they didn't yield the hoped﹣for results.Even when trials are reported，the most robust evidence comes from synthesizing them.Proper synthesis can turn inconclusive trials into a conclusive result，yet to turn those trials into a structured body of knowledge takes work.
In 1993，Sir lain Chalmers founded Cochrane，a non﹣profit now listing over 9，000 systematic reviews.But in fields like education or policing，the picture is less rosy.Education is arguably of comparable importance to health for any government.Yet，the UK government spends 18 times as much on research into health than it does on research into education﹣or，to put it another way，education research is underfunded by 10 percent.
If anything，that paints too optimistic a picture of research into social policy，because other countries spend even less.And，perhaps，education research is probably the best of the rest when it comes to research funding.The Campbell Collaboration，which aims to do for social policy what Cochrane does for medicine，boasts just 231 systematic reviews﹣reflecting that social policy research enjoys a fraction of the money and attention lavished on medicine.
More than a lack of spending，there's a reluctance to support the infrastructure of systematic reviews，or to fund their updates into "living evidence reviews".Take the 3 ie （International Initiative for Impact Evaluation），admired for its Development Evidence Portal，which struggles for steady funding.The portal could run for a year at less cost than a typical study evaluating its effectiveness，yet"public goods tend by their nature to be underfunded."
On the bright side，more than 50 mn of funding for evidence synthesis was recently announced.This modest funding could significantly contribute to building an"evidence bank"for policymakers.
Systematic reviews bridge the gap between researchers and policymakers.Researchers focus on specific interventions，while policymakers address broader problems.By synthesizing relevant research，systematic reviews can answer policymaker questions.Furthermore，evidence synthesis highlights "known unknowns"﹣gaps in research that can be filled through targeted funding，rather than more studies of familiar topics.
As Eleanor Chelimsky，one of the 20th century's great policy evaluators explained，"I hoped that synthesis could dramatize，for our legislative users，not only what was，in fact，known，but also what was not known."
Dramatizing our ignorance is one of the most valuable things an evidence review can do.
（1）What was Archie Cochrane's major concern？ 　 　
A.Organizing medical summaries was seen as unworthy.
B.Doctors failed to put medical trials into summaries.
C.The medical profession received widespread criticism.
D.Medical trials were too flawed to be published.
（2）What be inferred from the passage？ 　 　
A.Education should be the top priority in research funding.
B.Social policy research funding has increased significantly.
C.Systematic reviews help make research funding more focused.
D.The 3 ie portal was underfunded due to poor effectiveness evaluation.
（3）What's the author's attitude towards "synthesis dramatizing the unknown"？ 　 　
A.Torn between.B.Radically oppose.
C.Cautious optimism.D.Enthusiastic approval.
（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the article？ 　 　
A.The Downfall of Systematic Reviews：Why They're Outdated
B.Rethinking Systematic Reviews：A Call for Broader Application
C.Uncovering the Untold Story：The Importance of Evidence Synthesis
D.From Criticism to Collaboration：The Evolution of Evidence Synthesis
17．（2025 海淀区校级模拟） Unless we pursue AI carefully，the Nobel Committee will one day give a Peace Prize to the people cleaning up its terrible consequences，just as it did with nuclear physics.This year's Nobel Prizes celebrate both works relating to artificial intelligence and efforts by the group Nihon Hidankyo to end the nuclear war.
It was a striking parallel.Last century，the Nobel Committees awarded prizes in physics for uncovering the structure of atoms，which enabled the development and subsequent deployment of nuclear weapons.Similarly，artificial intelligence begins as fundamental research in computer science，yet its development poses a wide spectrum of societal risks，including misinformation，job displacement，and surveillance.
About 80 years ago，hundreds of top scientists joined the Manhattan Project in a race to build an atomic weapon before the Nazis did.Yet after Germany surrendered，the project continued and only one scientist，Joseph Rotblat，left the project.After the war he returned to physics，focusing on medical uses of radiation，and became a leader in the nuclear antiproliferation movement.
Looking back，Rotblat explained"You get yourself involved in a certain way and forget you are a human being.It becomes an addiction，and you just go on for the sake of producing a gadget without thinking about the consequences.And then，having done this，you find some justification for having produced it.Not the other way around."
Though written decades ago，these words are a frighteningly accurate description of the prevailing ethos in AI research today.Fortunately，now，as then，there are thoughtful，grounded individuals who stand out in the development of AI.Ed Newton﹣Rex resigned last year from his position leading the music team at Stability AI，over the company's insistence on creating generative AI models trained on copyrighted data without paying for that use.This year，Suchir Balaji resigned as a researcher at OpenAI over similar concerns.At a 2018 internal meeting，Meredith Whittaker voiced concerns about a project to develop AI to power military drone targeting and surveillance and eventually succeeded in pressuring Google to drop it.
When the Nobel Prize Committees choose which people among those working on AI to award，they set a powerful incentive for the AI researchers of today and tomorrow.We can start by looking past those focused on the rapid development of capabilities，instead following the lead of those who insist on engaging with the context of their work and who have the capacity not only to evaluate but also to respond to changing circumstances.As the nuclear era teaches us，right now is the time to carefully evaluate what applications of scientific discovery and whom among today's scientists reflect the values not of the world in which we currently live but the one which we hope to inhabit.
（1）The author quotes Joseph Rotblat mainly to 　 　 .
A.challenge an assumption
B.suggest an alternative
C.make a comparison
D.illustrate a point
（2）It is implied in the passage that 　 　 .
A.collaboration between different parties is essential for responsible AI development
B.the development of AI could potentially lead to unforeseen global crises
C.AI researchers have lost control of their own creations
D.the Nobel Prize should stop awarding AI researchers
（3）What does the word"ethos"underlined in paragraph 5 most probably mean？ 　 　
A.Challenge
B.Motivation
C.Spirit
D.Force
18．（2025 长安区一模） A primary school has announced that it no longer requires parents to sign their children's homework.
A newspaper comments：Putting an end to the requirement that parents sign the homework of their children eases the burden on many parents，as otherwise they would have to do primary school homework after a hard day's work.But there are worries that if parents stop signing their children's homework，the children will not get good grades.
However，the most efficient way for children to study is to cultivate their willingness to learn and do their own studies.When doing homework，students practice and hopefully apply what they have learned.True teachers are supposed to check students' homework and identify their mistakes.But some parents correct their children's mistakes by themselves when signing the homework.
It is students' duty to do their homework，be responsible for their studies and correct their mistakes.Parents supervising their homework，checking their answers and dealing with the harder problems will only make children less aware of their mistakes and encourage them to wait for their parents' help when they face any problems.
Children have to manage their own learning and develop the ability to study by themselves，as competence will not be achieved if a student simply repeats rigid tasks in which he is assisted at school by teachers and at home by parents.
An experiment conducted by American psychologist Walter Mischel in the 1960s proved that children with better self﹣discipline performed better in their studies and relationships.
There is little doubt that parents' supervision can make children's homework better.But it does not give children the chance to solve problems independently.
（1）What can we learn about the announcement？ 　 　
A．Parents don't support it.
B．It makes everyone pleased.
C．It makes parents worried.
D．It reduces parents' burdens.
（2）What's the most efficient way for children to study？ 　 　
A．Teachers check students' homework.
B．Parents sign their children's homework.
C．Children are willing to learn by themselves.
D．Parents supervise their children' homework.
（3）What will happen to children if parents supervise their homework？ 　 　
A．They will lack confidence.
B．They may feel great pressure.
C．They will be more independent.
D．They may not realize their mistakes.
（4）What's the author's attitude to parents signing their children's homework？ 　 　
A．Opposed.
B．Neutral.
C．Optimistic.
D．Unconcerned.
19．（2025 延边州一模） Most have probably heard of Henry David Thoreau and his book Walden，even though his message of simplicity may sound outdated.Nowadays，smart phones flood us with text messages.Many consumers are buying the latest digital devices，from tablets and fitness trackers to commercial drones.Simple living seems to be a thing of the past.
Thoreau would beg to differ.As a writer who advocated the value of simplicity almost two centuries ago，he was a contrarian（叛逆者） for his time.He lived during the height of the Industrial Age，distinguished by the rise of large factories，expanding urban developments，and powerful machines.
Turned off by the constant busyness of this time，Thoreau withdrew from city life to live alone in the woods.He brought with him only the necessities of life and wrote about this adventure in his book Walden.In the book，Thoreau is basically making a philosophical statement.We are not living meaningful lives due to modern technology.We created powerful machines to make life more convenient.Unfortunately，these machines have done the opposite.In his words，"men have become the tools of their tools".
That is to say，we are not the ones controlling technology.Technology is controlling us.Every few minutes，smart phones may distract us with messages.At least half of Americans check their phones several times an hour.Meanwhile，information overload from social media can weaken our concentration and heighten confusion.
When technology causes that much distraction and confusion，it may be healthy to simplify life by reducing technology overuse.Personally，I've done so in two ways.First，I use very little data on my phone and keep the apps on it to a minimum.Most time，I only use my phone to call or text.Second，I quit most social media.Sure，those two things aren't as extreme as 'Thoreau withdrawing into the woods.Nevertheless，they're realistic moves I can make toward living a more meaningful life.
（1）Why does the author refer to Thoreau's book Walden in Paragraph 1？ 　 　
A.To tell the characters of Thoreau.
B.To attract more consumers.
C.To bring in the concept of simple life.
D.To discuss the advantage of smart phones.
（2）What might drive Thoreau to live in the woods？ 　 　
A.The purpose to keep fit.
B.His plan of writing a book.
C.The pace of his time.
D.His worry about technology.
（3）What is the author' attitude to Thoreau's words "men have become the tools of their tools"？ 　 　 A.Tolerant.
B.Doubtful.
C.Approving.
D.Critical.
（4）What is the author's main argument in this text？ 　 　
A.Modern technology improves our lives.
B.Simplicity in a way helps live a meaningful life.
C.We should withdraw from modern society.
D.Powerful machines are necessary for progress.
20．（2025 顺德区模拟） Nietzsche（尼采）was wrong：When you gaze long enough into the abyss（深渊），the abyss does not gaze back into you.Instead，the cosmic void（黑洞） remains silent，relentless and frightening in its vastness.
When looking at the vast emptiness of the universe，there is a temptation（诱惑）to look at our tiny world with nihilism.To feel that our great achievements amount to nothing.That our history fails to leave a mark.That our concerns and anxieties are pointless.
I'm a cosmologist，the kind of scientist who studies the origin，history and evolution of the universe.I have spent years working to understand what cosmic voids teach us.And in the course of my studies，I have learned to reject that temptation.
It's true that Earth is neither large nor long﹣lived，but that is only one way of measuring pared with the cosmic voids，there is something special happening on our planet.Earth is still the only known place in the entire universe where conscious beings raise their curious eyes to the sky and wonder.Earth is the only known place where humans can exist.It is the only known place where laughter，love，anger and joy exist.The only known place where we can find dance，music，and art.Our disagreements and all the beautiful complexities that make us human aren't meaningless.The experiences in our lives are special because they will never happen in the empty expanse of most of the universe.
The same lessons that cosmic voids teach us are found in the voids we encounter in our own lives.The presence of voids guarantees the opposite；they create contrast；they are full of potential.The pain we feel from loss is the last reminder of the gift of a life deeply loved.The silence before a performance is full of electric expectation.Our choice to ignore stressful news is necessary to allow us to focus on what truly matters.
Artists have long understood the power of the void.The 12th﹣century poet Saigyo noted that the pauses between raindrops were as important as the drops themselves.The famed architect Rem celebrated the utility of negative spaces，proclaiming，"Where there is nothing，everything is possible."
The universe won't do anything for us except give us the freedom to exist.It is our job to fill the universe with meaning and purpose.
（1）What does the underlined word "nihilism"in paragraph 2 mean？ 　 　
A.Hope.
B.Admiration.
C.Meaninglessness.
D.Purpose.
（2）Why does the author reject the temptation？ 　 　
A.He is a cosmologist who believes science.
B.Earth is the only place for human experiences.
C.Human experiences differ from those in voids.
D.Earth is special because it is small and sho