【期末专项培优】阅读理解（含答案与解析）-2024-2025学年外研社版（2019）英语高一下册

期末专项培优 阅读理解
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．Blue light before bedtime can make it harder to sleep，and the screens on phones，computers and televisions give out plenty of blue light.This is all true.But if you consider blue light as a major problem affecting your sleep or your eye health，it's time to change your mind.
Philip Yuhas，a professor of optometry（验光），writes at The Conversation，"Blue light isn't a uniquely technological evil.It's part of sunlight，and your eyes are exposed to plenty of it all the time.You're fine. " The pigments（色素）and the lenses of our eyes actually block blue light fairly well ﹣ so in a sense，we already have built﹣in blue﹣blocking protection.
Adding more protection isn't likely to help，though.You can buy glasses and screen filters（过滤器）that block blue light，but Yuhas points out they are probably a waste of money.He says，"The products that my patients ask about do not block out much blue light. " The leading blue﹣blocking anti﹣reflective coating，for example，blocks only about 15% of the blue light that screens give out.
You could get the same reduction just by holding your phone another inch from your face.Try it now and see if you notice a difference.No？Then it shouldn't surprise you that a recent analysis concluded that blue﹣blocking glasses and coatings have no significant effect on sleep quality，comfort at the computer or retinal（视网膜的） health.
The American Academy of Ophthalmology doesn't recommend blue﹣blocking products，either.Instead，if you're concerned about your eye health or your ability to get into sleep on time，you already know what to do：Put the screens away at bedtime.Read a book or find something else to do.While you're using screens，take a 20﹣second break every 20 minutes to look at something 20 feet away.If you get dry eyes when you look at screens for a long time，use artificial tears.
（1）What do we know about blue light？ 　 　
A．It produces kinds of pigments.
B．It does serious harm to our health.
C．It can be blocked by our eyes effectively.
D．It is a unique product of electronics.
（2）What can be learned about blue﹣blocking glasses from the text？ 　 　
A．They are widely popular.
B．They are almost useless.
C．They are inaccessible.
D．They are reliable.
（3）What does the author suggest readers do？ 　 　
A．Try to wet dry eyes with tears.
B．Keep a distance from blue light.
C．Stop using screens in the evening.
D．Have regular breaks when using screens.
（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the text？ 　 　
A．Does blue light really affect your health？
B．Are blue﹣blocking products recommended？
C．Where does blue light actually come from？
D．How can we avoid the harm from blue light？
2．（2023 宿城区校级开学）Life will probably be very different in 2050.First of all，it seems that TV channels will have vanished by 2050.Instead，people will choose a programme from a "menu" and a computer will send the programme directly to the television.By 2050，music，films，programmes，newspapers and books will come to us in the similar way.
In many places，agriculture is developing quickly and people are growing fruit and vegetables for export.This uses a lot of water.Therefore，there could be serious shortages of water.Some scientists predict that water could be the cause of wars if we don't act now.
In the future，cars will run on new，clean fuels（燃料）and they will go very fast.Cars will have computers to control the speed and there won't be any accidents.Today，many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are.By 2050，the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination.Also，by 2050，space planes will fly people from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just two hours.
Some big companies now prefer to use robots that do not ask for pay rises or go on strike，and work 24 hours a day.They are also easy to control.And they never argue with people.They can be easily used in a variety of places ﹣ factories，schools，offices，hospitals，shops and homes.
Scientists will have discovered how to control genes（基因）.Scientists have already produced clones of animals.By 2050，scientists will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look and how they behave.Scientists will be able to do these things，but should they？
（1）Which of the following best explains the underlined word "vanished" in Paragraph 1？ 　 　
A．Settled.
B．Spread.
C．Disappeared.
D．Decreased.
（2）What does Paragraph 4 intend to show？ 　 　
A．Robots can work in different places.
B．Robots have much to be improved.
C．Robots work for humans for free.
D．Robots have many advantages.
（3）What does the author want to express in the last paragraph？ 　 　
A．He probably disagrees with the idea of human cloning.
B．He is looking forward to using cloning technology.
C．The scientists have already discovered how to control genes.
D．The scientists will face many difficulties of controlling genes.
（4）What is the best title for the text？ 　 　
A．High﹣tech Cars
B．Life in the Future
C．Is Cloning Really Good？
D．Are You Ready for the Future？
3．When Kevin Durant gave his tearful MVP speech in 2014，the NBA star made sure to thank one person who had been there with him from the very beginning：his mother.His heartfelt words about the sacrifices she made for Durant and his brother led to a lifetime movie about her journey as a single parent，The Real MVP：The Wanda Durant Story.
Today，the NBA superstar's mom travels the country as a motivational speaker and philanthropist（慈善家）.On Monday，she spoke at Thomson Reuters' in New York about her personal struggles to achieve financial stability and shared the financial advice she gave her son when he entered the league with CNBC.
"I wanted him to realize he has worked hard，" she says，"And it is OK for him to enjoy himself because of his hard work.But it is also imperative that he prepares for his future. " While she advised him to enjoy the rewards of his labor，she also wanted to make sure that her son knew the importance of financial planning.
She told the audience that when she found herself a single parent to two children at 21，she couldn't follow the financial principles.Rather than planning for the future，she focused only on how her money could make ends meet for that moment.
Recently，Durant has teamed up with Laurene Powell Jobs for a new philanthropic program called College Track which is aimed at helping disadvantaged kids attend college.As part of the program，Durant has committed to donating ﹩10 million to his hometown's public school system.
Durant's mom says that in addition to his financial decisions，she is proud of his philanthropic work and his desire to help the community. "I thought giving back was always very important，and so we talked about that and he had seen that from us as a family and it's one of the things that I taught him，" she says.
（1）What is The Real MVP：The Wanda Durant Story mainly about？ 　 　
A．Durant's career path.
B．Durant's hard childhood.
C．Durant's mother's devotion to the family.
D．Durant's mother's struggling to be independent.
（2）What does the underlined word "imperative" in Paragraph 3 mean？ 　 　
A．Enjoyable.
B．Important.
C．Unusual.
D．Hopeful.
（3）What are the financial principles of Durant's mom？ 　 　
A．Enjoying now and planning for the future.
B．Sharing rewards and creating a charity program.
C．Spending less money and saving for the emergencies.
D．Donating money to the charity and helping more schools.
（4）What made Durant pay attention to the charity program？ 　 　
A．His kind heart.
B．His poor hometown.
C．His mother's teaching.
D．His difficult life experiences.
4．
Things to do in Cabo Corrientes，Jalisco，Mexico!
◆ Rhythms of the Night﹣Sunset Cruise（乘船游览）
Duration：5 hours
Kick off the evening with a scenic cruise across Banderas Bay to Las Caletas.Las Caletas，once home to a Hollywood movie director John Huston，offers front﹣row sunset seats，and dinner tables just steps away from the water.The buffet﹣style menu offers a wide variety of choices.Watch the lively performance of ancient ceremonies and be lost in historical stories about Jalisco.You must be able to climb and go down stairs.
◆ Sayulita Escape
Duration：3 hours
Hop on a powerful UTV（utility task vehicle）to explore Sayulita，a nice beach town not far from Vallarta.Ride over muddy roads and a riverbed to reach the small community famous for its relaxing atmosphere.Soon after hitting the main road，your guide turns onto one of the dusty forest paths.When you are ready，a picnic lunch，an open bar，and a knowledgeable crew await your return to the ship.Wheelchair accessibility is available.
◆ Las Caletas Beach Hideaway
Duration：7 hours
The use of kayaks（独木舟）and stand﹣up paddleboards is all available，as well as a scenic nature walk and admission to Kids Adventure Park for the young ones.You can even swim out to an offshore platform to practice your diving skills.Wheelchair accessibility is not available.
◆Street Food and Taco Tour in Puerto Vallarta
Duration：6 hours 30 mins
Enjoy a feast of local flavors in our food and tacos﹣tasting tour.Discover Puerto Vallarta's best flavors to the locals' eye.Learn about the local culture and life，while you eat where the locals do with their beloved ones.Wheelchair accessibility is not available.
（1）What can tourists do on the tour Rhythms of the Night﹣Sunset Cruise？ 　 　
A．Enjoy free dinners.
B．Come across the movie director John Huston.
C．Learn about the history of Jalisco.
D．Watch the scenic sunrise.
（2）How does the tour Sayulita Escape differ from the other ones？ 　 　
A．It includes a licensed guide.
B．It is more friendly to the disabled.
C．It offers various water events.
D．It has adventurous routes.
（3）Which tour suits families with kids？ 　 　
A．Las Caletas Beach Hideaway.
B．Sayulita Escape.
C．Rhythms of the Night﹣Sunset Cruise.
D．Street Food and Taco Tour in Puerto Vallarta.
5．Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects（物品）.Why do we often think that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings？The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.
I found the pre﹣holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less﹣used things，and it worked.Because of our efforts，our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund （基金）（our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor）.
For weeks，I've been thinking of bigger，deeper questions：How do we make it a habit for them？And how do we train ourselves to help them live with，need，and use less？Yesterday，I sat with my son，Shepherd，determined to test my own theory on this.I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest.I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes，ten minutes，max.I chose a red rubber ball ﹣ simple，universally available.We passed it，he tried to put it in his mouth，he tried bouncing it，rolling it，sitting on it，throwing it.It was totally，completely enough for him.Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.
We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together.He had my full attention and I had his.My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.
（1）What do the words "more is more" in Paragraph 1 probably mean？ 　 　
A．More money，more worries.
B．Enough is enough.
C．The more，the better.
D．Earn more and spend more.
（2）What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects？ 　 　
A．Saving up for her holiday.
B．Raising money for a poor girl.
C．Adding the money to her fund.
D．Giving the money to a sick mother.
（3）What did the author do in Paragraph 3？ 　 　
A．He tried out an idea.
B．He thought of many questions.
C．He helped his son start a hobby.
D．He trained his son's attention.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？ 　 　
A．Take It or Leave It
B．Live More with Less
C．A Lesson from Kids
D．The Pleasure of Giving
6．Last week my youngest son and I visited my father at his new home in Tucson，Arizona.He moved there a few years ago，and I was eager to see his new place and meet his friends.
My earliest memories of my father are a tall，handsome，successful man devoted to his work and his family，but uncomfortable with his children.As a child I loved him.He seemed unhappy with me unless I got straight A's and unhappy with my boyfriends if their fathers were not as "successful" as he was.Whenever I went out with him on weekends，I used to struggle to think up things to say，feeling on guard.
On the first day of my visit，we went out with one of my father's friends for lunch at an outdoor cafe.We walked along that afternoon，did some shopping，ate on the street table，and laughed over my son's funny facial expressions.Gone was my father's critical （挑剔的） air and strict rules.Who was this person I knew as my father，who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around？What had held him back before？
The next day dad took out his childhood pictures and told me quite a few stories about his own childhood.Although our times together became easier over the years，I never felt closer to him at that moment.After so many years，I'm at last seeing another side of my father.And in so doing，I'm delighted with my new friend.My dad，in his new home in Arizona，is back to me from where he was.
（1）What does the author think of her father before her visit to Tucson？ 　 　
A．More critical and strict.
B．More talkative.
C．Gentle and friendly.
D．Proud and hard﹣working.
（2）When the author went out with her father on weekend，she would feel 　 　.
A．tired
B．safe
C．nervous
D．comfortable
（3）The underlined words "my new friend" in the last paragraph refer to 　 　.
A．the author's son
B．the author's father
C．the friend of the author's father
D．the cafe owner
7．I think a close friend is someone you get on really well with，who helps you when you have problems，who gives you advice，and who always has time for you.I didn't use to have many close friends when I was at school or at university as I was very shy，but now I have several.They are all women﹣I think it's difficult to have a close friend of the opposite sex （异性）.
﹣Marie
I don't really have any close friends.I know a lot of people but mainly through work，and the kind of social occasions （场合） when we meet are business dinners and evening parties.I think if you come from a really close family，then friends are a bit unnecessary.The little free time I have I prefer to spend with my family.
﹣ Richard
I think a close friend is someone who you've known for a long time，and who you still get on with.They probably have similar hobbies to you so you can do things together.I've got three close friends who I was at high school with and we often go away together （without our parents of course）.We always go camping and somewhere we can go walking，play football and be outside in the open air.
﹣David
For me close friends are the people you spend your free time with.I go out at weekends with a group of people ﹣ there are about seven of us，and I'd say we are all close friends.We also live near each other.I don't think you can have close friends at a distance （在远处）；you need to be able to see each other often.But I don't think you need to be doing the same things.I mean I'm at university but none of my friends are.
﹣ Ana
（1）What does Richard say about friends？ 　 　
A．It's hard to make friends at work.
B．They're less important than family.
C．Friends need to have a lot in common.
D．Women and men can't be close friends.
（2）What does David enjoy？ 　 　
A．Physical activity.
B．Parent﹣child camp.
C．Going to evening parties.
D．Playing out in the open alone.
（3）What do we know about Ana's friends？ 　 　
A．They are college students.
B．They are doing the same things.
C．They don't live far away.
D．They don't see each other often.
（4）Who has more friends now than before？ 　 　
A．Ana.
B．David.
C．Richard.
D．Marie.
8．A child who suffers bullying （霸凌） usually has low self﹣respect and their ability to learn and be successful at school is greatly lessened.Therefore，bullying must be stopped.
The best and most obvious way to stop bullying in schools is for parents to change the way they treat their children at home.Of course，this is much easier said than done and everyone treats their children differently.Bullies，however，come from homes where physical punishment is used and children have been taught that physical violence is the way to handle problems and "get their way".Bullies usually also come from homes where the parents fight a lot，so they have been modeled on such violence.Parental involvement is often lacking in bullies' lives and there seems to be little warmth.
Early intervention（干预）is truly the best way to stop bullying，but parents of the victims or therapists（治疗师） cannot alter the bully's home environment.Some things can be done at the school level，however.
Most school programs that address bullying use a multifaceted （多方面的） method to the problem.This usually involves the advice of some sort，either by peers，a school adviser，teachers，or the principal.
Hand out questionnaires to all students and teachers and discuss if bullying is occurring.Define exactly what constitutes （构成） bullying at school.The questionnaire is a wonderful tool that allows the school to see how widespread bullying is and what forms it is taking.It is a good way to start to solve the problem.
Get the children's parents involved in a bullying program.If parents of the bullies and the victims are not aware of what is going on at school，then the whole bullying program will not be effective.Stopping bullying in school takes teamwork and concentrated effort on everyone's part.Bullying also should be discussed during parent﹣teacher conferences and PTA meetings.Parental awareness is the key.
In the classroom setting，all teachers should work with the students on bullying.Oftentimes even the teacher is being bullied in the classroom and a program should be set up to teach about bullying.Children understand modeling behaviors and role﹣play and acting out bullying situations is a very effective tool.Have students role﹣play a bullying situation.
（1）In the author's opinion，bullies usually 　 　.
A．have extremely high self﹣esteem
B．don't know the harm of violence
C．look forward to parental involvement
D．experience or witness violence at home
（2）What does the underlined word "alter" in Paragraph 3 mean？ 　 　
A．Know
B．Change
C．Remove
D．Compare
（3）It can be learned from Paragraph 6 that it's important to 　 　.
A．make a bullying program effective
B．find the key to solving bullying at school
C．make parents aware of bullying at school
D．let parents know their children are bullies
（4）What is the passage mainly about？ 　 　
A．How to stop bullying in schools.
B．What leads to violence in schools.
C．What parents can do to stop bullying.
D．How to comfort those who are bullied.
9．One evening I was going back from a supermarket.As I was approaching my car，I noticed that some person came and stood beside me.He was the one that could be considered as a bum.It seemed that he had no car，no home and no job.I thought that he would ask me for money，but he did not do that，he only said："Your car is very nice".
After several moments of silence，I replied："Thanks"，and then the inner voice told me，"Ask him if he needs help".After a short hesitation I asked him if he needed any help.His response was astonishing.I will never forget those simple three words that I heard from him ﹣"Don't we all？"
It was a true discovery to me.I needed help.Although I had money and a place to sleep，I recognized that I needed help too.Then I opened my wallet and gave him enough money to get a meal and some shelter for a day.
Suddenly I understood that no matter how much money we have，we all need help.On the other hand，no matter how poor you are and how many material problems you have，you still might offer your help to others and you still might be giving.Even it's just a nice word，you can give that and it can be priceless to other persons.
Maybe that man was just a homeless stranger，but to me he was more than that.Maybe he was sent by the Highest Loving Power personally to me to open my eyes and to show me that there is one thing，among all other values，which is very important and irreplaceable for each and every person.Actually，it is a true gift and it is called Giving.
（1）The underlined word "bum" in Paragraph 1 can be a person 　 　.
A．who needs money
B．who is a homeless man
C．who is willing to help others
D．who is sent by the Highest Loving Power
（2）Why did the writer give enough money to the man？ 　 　
A．The writer had enough money to help.
B．He needed money to eat and have a rest.
C．His words gave the writer deep thoughts.
D．The writer is kind and always helps others.
（3）What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？ 　 　
A．Not everyone needs help.
B．Giving is as important as receiving.
C．The rich should help the poor.
D．A helping and touching word can help others.
（4）What did the writer probably get from the man？ 　 　
A．True meaning of giving.
B．True meaning of being rich.
C．True meaning of values.
D．True meaning of gifts.
10．Scientists have found that human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays（紫外线）while skiing in the snow﹣covered areas than sitting on the beach，according to a report by the UK newspaper The Telegraph.
The researchers at Kanazawa Medical University，Japan and American company Johnson conducted the study together.They looked at the effects of light reflection on newly fallen snow on a ski trail （a rough path） in Ishikawa District，northern Japan.They compared the results with the levels of UV rays on a sand beach in southern Japan's Okinawa District.They found that on the beach，eyes are exposed to a daily 260 kilojoules（千焦耳）of UV a square meter compared to 658 kilojoules in snow﹣covered areas.The findings are supported by the Japan Meteorological Agency.According to the agency，the reflection rate of UV light on beaches is often between 10 and 25 percent，compared to 80 percent in the new snow areas.The amount of light increased 4 percent with a 300﹣meter rise in height.
Most of us know that UV rays can harm the skin.That's why we wear sunscreen on our skin before we get out in the sun.But many of us may not realize that UV rays are also harmful to the eyes.
If your eyes are exposed to large amounts of UV radiation over a short period of time.You may experience a kind of sunburn of the eyes，which is harmful.Your eyes will become red and feel a strange feeling.They may be sensitive to light.Fortunately，this is usually temporary and seldom causes permanent damage to the eyes.
Long﹣term exposure to UV radiation，however，can be more serious.Scientific studies and researches have shown that exposure to small amounts of UV radiation over a period of many years increases chance of eye damage，which could lead to total blindness.
（1）You would most likely find the article in 　 　.
A．a medical magazine
B．a travel journal
C．a doctor's diary
D．a physics textbook
（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？ 　 　
A．Eye exposure to small amounts of UV rays may cause total blindness.
B．Short﹣time exposure of the eyes to UV rays doesn't harm them at all.
C．Most people know that UV rays harm the eyes as well as the skin.
D．The study was conducted only by researchers from Japan.
（3）If a place is 1，500 meters higher，the amount of light increases 　 　.
A．4 percent
B．12 percent
C．20 percent
D．50 percent
（4）What will the passage most probably talk about next？ 　 　
A．Never ski on newly fallen snow in Japan.
B．Measures to protect your eyes while skiing in new snow areas.
C．Wearing a hat can provide protection while skiing in new snow areas.
D．Go to hospital to have your eyes examined.
11．Chinese pianist Lang Lang will join in a star﹣studded cast of celebrities for One World：Together At Home，a televised and online﹣streamed global concert honoring and supporting front﹣line healthcare workers amid the COVID﹣19 pandemic.
The show is put on with support of the World Health Organization and the international advocacy organization Global Citizen.
"It is one of the most important experiences in my life.It has made me a part of music history.I feel very honored to do what I can do for fighting the virus， " says the pianist. "We both know music is without borders，so I do think good music can unite the world and give people power. "
The two﹣hour﹣long virtual concert will be broadcast at 8 pm of US Eastern Time on April 18 on multiple TV networks and online streaming platforms，with the participation of a lineup of artists including Paul McCartney，Andrea Bocelli，Stevie Wonder，Billie Eilish and many other stars.
One World：Together At Home will be hosted by Jimmy Fallon of The Tonight Show，Jimmy Kimmel of Jimmy Kimmel Live and Stephen Colbert of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert.Friends from Sesame Street will also be on hand to help unify and inspire people around the world to take meaningful action that increases support for the global COVID﹣19 response.
The digital stream will be available on social media platforms，including Alibaba，YouTube，Facebook，Instagram and Tencent Music Entertainment Group.
"We are grateful to the private sectors who have listened to the public's call for action and come together to support the global response to COVID﹣19.This pandemic is too large for governments to tackle alone，" said Hugh Evans，co﹣founder and CEO of Global Citizen. "We are also incredibly grateful for the continued support from the artist community to make One World：Together At Home a moment of global unity.Our hope for the special is that everyone will believe that we，as a shared humanity，can emerge from this moment forever grateful for the work of doctors，nurses，teachers，grocery store workers and all those who are the backbone of our communities. "
（1）What is the purpose of One World：Together At Home？ 　 　
A．To unite the artists around the world.
B．To promote the development of music.
C．To be in support of and show respect to the medical workers.
D．To show the great charm of music.
（2）Which of the following will not host One World：Together At Home？ 　 　
A．Jimmy Kimmel.
B．Stevie Wonder.
C．Jimmy Fallon.
D．Stephen Colbert.
（3）What does the underlined word "tackle" mean？ 　 　
A．operate
B．cope with
C．achieve
D．comment
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？ 　 　
A．The private sectors support the global response to COVID﹣19.
B．The artist community's support makes One World：Together At Home a moment of global unity.
C．The private sectors have listened to the public's call for action and taken action.
D．People from all walks of life have made great contributions in the fight against COVID﹣19.
12．Every summer，my family and I visit our relatives in India and whenever we travel，my parents always remind me to drink only bottled or boiled water.On one of my trips to India，I saw children drinking water from the roadside.I was troubled to learn that millions of people，most of them children in developing countries，die each year because of water related diseases.
Living in the US，I am lucky to be able to turn on the tap and get potable water（饮用水），while one sixth of the world's population lacks access to clean water.This year，I entered the Discovery Education 3 M Young Scientist Challenge.In late June，I learned that I was selected as one of the top 10 national finalists of this famous middle school science competition.Over the summer，I worked with Dr.Jim Jonza，my Scientist mentor（导师）from 3 M，and developed a system that uses solar energy to purify water.My invention is green and cost﹣effective，and I am looking forward to implementing this in places that are affected by harmful water pollution.
In October，my family and I flew to 3 M Headquarters in St Paul，Minnesota，where the final event was to be held.For the last challenge，each of us had to present the invention we had been working on over the summer.The first place winner would win ﹩25，000，a trip to Costa Rica，and the title of America's Top Young Scientist.At the awards ceremony，all of us waited anxiously until one of the judges，Danny Forester，started announcing "The winner of the Discovery Education 3 M Young Scientist Challenge is... "You could hear a pin（大头针）drop as he opened the paper with the winner's name， "Deepika Kurup!"
As an America's Top Young Scientist，I was given an opportunity to show my invention on national television and deliver several presentations.One of the most important things I have learned is that communication and teamwork are the key to success.
（1）Why does the author mention her visits to India？ 　 　
A．To express her great love for India.
B．To show the problem of unclean water.
C．To explain the importance of relatives.
D．To compare eastern and western cultures.
（2）Which of the following can replace the underlined word "implementing" in Paragraph 2？ 　 　
A．Researching.
B．Changing.
C．Finishing.
D．Using.
（3）How did the audience react as Forester opened the paper with the winner's name？ 　 　
A．They appeared calm.
B．They let out shouts of joy.
C．They sat quietly.
D．They dropped pins to the author.
（4）How is the text mainly organized？ 　 　
A．In order of time.
B．In order of complexity（复杂性）.
C．In order of place.
D．In order of importance.
13．Recently，the most heated topic of "which is the right bin for my garbage" has swept China.
Shanghai is among China's first cities to introduce garbage classification （垃圾分类） and also the country's most serious in its performing.Since July 1，2019，Shanghai residents have been required by law to sort garbage into four different categories，or they could face fines.Individuals，including tourists，can be fined 200 yuan for failing to sort their waste properly，while companies and institutions can be fined up to 50，000 yuan.
The government has set up online apps to handle sorting questions，and announced guidelines to address the "one﹣size﹣fits﹣all" method.The country is about to invest over 21 billion yuan in the construction of garbage processing facilities to meet demands.Now it's introducing artificial intelligence into its waste management system，by setting up little cameras in many sets of bins.
However，not every face can be recognized by the smart dustbin until you register for the system.Once registration is completed，users will scan a QR code on the bin，which then opens it up to allow for garbage disposal （处理）.Now，each household gets one special QR code for throwing out waste.Here，the intelligent bins don't just calculate garbage weight；they also help residents gain rewards by collecting points through the special app.
China is stepping into the age of compulsory garbage sorting with its cities revising laws on garbage classification.For Shanghai，sixty percent of the city is expected to carry out garbage sorting by the end of 2019，and 90 percent by 2020.Garbage sorting is，without doubt，a costly but worthwhile endeavor.It is good for the environment and important for the country's sustainable development （可持续发展），and may finally turn out to be a promising industry as well.
（1）What is the correct order in using smart garbage sorting system？ 　 　
①Gain rewards.
②Open up the bin.
③Register for the system.
④Scan a QR code on the bin.
A． ③④②①
B． ④②③①
C． ③①②④
D． ④③②①
（2）What does the underlined word "endeavor" in the last paragraph mean？ 　 　
A．Effort.
B．Fashion.
C．Announcement.
D．Decision.
（3）What can we know from the text？ 　 　
A．The intelligent bins can only show garbage weight.
B．Residents have to sort garbage into four different categories in Shanghai.
C．If companies forget to sort their waste，they can be fined 200 yuan.
D．Tourists can avoid being fined for failing to sort their waste correctly.
（4）Why does our country push ahead with compulsory garbage sorting？ 　 　
A．To build a garbage sorting system.
B．To increase the use of artificial intelligence.
C．To promote sustainable development of environment.
D．To support the construction of garbage processing facilities.
14．The idea of changing the world seems very crazy，but there are a number of small everyday things we can do to make the world munity centers，parks，libraries，homeless shelters （避难所），hospitals and schools are all places where students can make a difference through service.
Alisia Orosco，10，wanted to show her love and care to the sick kids at University Children's Hospital in Texas，where her brother had been a patient.She earned money by doing part﹣time jobs and used it to buy different toys for the children in hospital.Now she visits three hospitals every year with bags of toys. "I hope to help as many kids as I can，" Alisia says. "It makes me happy to make them smile. "
High school students in a town of Washington made a difference in the lives of some needy children by building a playground at a workers' camp.They got a lot of help from a building supply store which provided free building materials for the project.
Teens in New Jersey decided to offer their help at the local soup kitchen where people with no homes can get free food.But there wasn't one.They created a one﹣day soup kitchen and were able to feed 60 needy people and allowed them to take the rest home.Their efforts got more people to understand the great need of the poor in their community.Because of their efforts and success，a permanent soup kitchen was created with the ﹩10，000 National Award they received from Newman's Own Inc.
High school students in Las Vegas helped 30 homeless adults prepare resumes during a job fair they held at the area's largest homeless shelter.At least nine of the adults later found jobs.
（1）The underlined part "the project" in Paragraph 3 refers to the work of 　 　.
A．taking part in a camp
B．building a playground
C．making a workers' camp
D．opening a building supply store
（2）Which of the following can best describe the students mentioned in the text？ 　 　
A．Kind.
B．Brave.
C．Proud.
D．Honest.
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　 　
A．Students can make a difference only through community centers.
B．Alisia Orosco earned money by doing part﹣time jobs.
C．High school students made a difference by building libraries for the homeless.
D．Teens decided to buy some expensive food for the patients.
15．A woman is swimming at night in a dark sea.Suddenly，she is pulled underwater.She surfaces，cries in terror，then disappears forever.This is the opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws.This film was a great hit，but it made things worse.
Jaws made people frightened of sharks，especially of the great white shark.Some stopped swimming in the sea，afraid of the horrible creature from the film.Others started fishing for sharks，killing as many as they could.At that time，nobody cared if sharks were killed，or how many were killed.People just wanted them killed.
After 1975，the number of large sharks fell quickly around the world.This was not only due to fear of sharks，but also finning，a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off.Unexpectedly，finning would have a powerful effect upon Peter Benchley，who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on.
One day in 1980，Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight.He saw fishermen finning and sharks being killed，which caused a deep change in him.From then on，he saw people as a danger to sharks，rather than the other way round.Also，he admitted that his book was wrong about sharks' behavior. "Sharks don't target（以……为目标）humans，" he said.Experts have proved that sharks do not see people as food，and they attack us by mistake.Only around six people are killed by sharks every year.
Today，as we learn more about sharks，more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.
（1）The film Jaws led to 　 　.
A．an end of shark fishing
B．a rise in shark population
C．the popularity of shark movies
D．people's scare about sharks
（2）How did the sight of finning affect Peter Benchley？ 　 　
A．It woke him up to his false idea of sharks.
B．It inspired him to do research about sharks.
C．It drove him to learn how to protect sharks.
D．It encouraged him not to be afraid of sharks.
（3）What is the best title for the text？ 　 　
A．Sharks：Dangerous or Endangered
B．Jaws：the Hottest Shark Movie Ever
C．Shark Attacks：Not a Problem Anymore
D．Humans：the Favourite Target of Sharks
16．Alexa is a form of artificial intelligence，or AI for short.Many people start their mornings by asking Alexa for the weather forecast or the latest news.A device （设备） that houses Alexa can also play music from your favorite playlists，keep a shopping list，order takeout food，answer questions，send messages and even run "smart" home controls.
Training AI systems to respond to problems with human﹣like intelligence and learn from their mistakes can take months，or even years.Consider Alexa and similar software，such as Apple's Siri.To do the tasks its human owners ask，these systems must make sense of and then respond to sentences such as，"Alexa，play my Ed Sheeran playlist" or "Siri，what is the capital of India？"
Computers can't understand language as it is spoken by people.So AI researchers must find a way to help humans communicate with computers.The technology used to get computers to "understand" human speech or text is known as natural language processing.By natural language，computer scientists refer to the way people naturally talk or write.To teach an AI system a task like comprehending（理解）a sentence or responding to a person's last move in a board game，scientists need to feed it lots of examples.
AlphaGo is an AI system designed by Google that has beaten a human champion，Lee Sedol，at the strategy（策略）board game Go.To train AlphaGo，Google had to show it 30 million Go moves that people had made while playing the game.Then AlphaGo used what it learned to analyze those plays as it played against different versions（版本）of itself.During this practice，the program came up with new moves ﹣ ones never seen in games between people.
（1）What does the example of Alexa show？ 　 　
A．AI may replace humans one day.
B．AI is playing a role in our modern life.
C．AI has been widely used around the world.
D．AI has totally changed people's bad habits.
（2）How do scientists train AI systems？ 　 　
A．By testing them thousands of times.
B．By teaching them almost everything.
C．By giving them quite a lot of tasks to do.
D．By providing them with large amounts of data.
（3）What can we learn about AlphaGo？ 　 　
A．It has become very skillful and intelligent.
B．It is the most convenient AI system.
C．It avoids making any mistakes.
D．It just follows human orders.
17．Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world.The explorers then use some kind of high﹣tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life.But here on Earth，science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA，or e﹣DNA for short.Scientists can use it to identify rare species or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.
Environmental DNA can be used in two ways.One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place.The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.
Caren Goldberg is one of the first biologists in the northwestern United States to take the technology from the testing stage to actually using it.She sees e﹣DNA as a way to get answers more efficiently，and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques.Until recently，scientists depended on diving deep，netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.
This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world.Animal experts in Vietnam are using the e﹣DNA to find the last，wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles.One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden tree﹣frogs.And in Madagascar，it is being used to identify amphibian（两栖动物）diseases.
Ms Goldberg has used e﹣DNA testing to confirm the local extinction of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho.She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mud﹣snail in the state of Washington.The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.
Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon.But the old﹣fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.
（1）By using e﹣DNA，Caren Goldberg has 　 　.
A．succeeded in catching many fishes
B．found the existence of golden tree frogs
C．documented the spread of softshell turtles
D．proved the disappearance of the leopard frog in Idaho
（2）What can we infer from the last paragraph？ 　 　
A．Robots will replace scientists soon.
B．Some scientists are against using e﹣DNA.
C．The old﹣fashioned field work may disappear.
D．Many biologists are unwilling to do the field work.
（3）The passage can be sorted as 　 　.
A．science fiction
B．an experiment report
C．a science report
D．a bio﹣diversity discovery
18．Karen Bystedt was born in Israel，but lived in London and California as a child.In 1982，as a photography （摄影） student at New York University，she was photographing male models for a book when she came across an ad featuring Andy Warhol，a very famous artist.She thought it would be really great to put him in her book.
So she called Andy Warhol at his studio in Union Square and asked if she could photograph him.
Two weeks later，Bystedt took a rented Hasselblad camera and lights to Warhol's famed "Factory" on 14th street.She ended up taking 36 pictures，and published two in her book，Not Just Another Pretty Face，published in 1983.Warhol came to its launch（发行） party﹣and that was the last time she saw him.
A few years later，she packed the portraits in a box and moved to Los Angeles.But after she'd gotten settled，she couldn't find them.She couldn't remember whether she had given the photos away or just left them in some forgotten storage unit.Either way，she thought they were lost forever.
In 2011，Bystedt became determined to find the missing films（底片）.She spent two weeks going through two old garages，where she had put a bunch of belongings decades before.In a cardboard box，she found ten of the original films，covered in dust.She and a friend spent four months digitizing and cleaning the images up，pixel（像素） by pixel.
Bystedt was not content to merely publish the unseen photos.She invited contemporary artists to paint over and around her Warhol pictures，breathing new life into her old work.So she began reaching out to artists，seeing if they would be interested in putting their own stamp on the pictures.
The responses were overwhelming.Bystedt's new exhibit，"The Lost Warhols"，opened on May 1，2018 at 178 Sixth Avenue in Soho，New York，included 66 different interpretations of her portraits from 34 artists.
（1）After photographing Andy Warhol，Bystedt 　 　.
A．never met the artist again
B．published a book the following year
C．published all of his pictures in her book
D．decided to photograph some male models for a book
（2）According to the passage，the photos of Andy Warhol 　 　.
A．were found missing soon after they were taken
B．were taken when the artist was 19 years old
C．were found missing after Bystedt moved to Los Angeles
D．were taken by Bystedt without the artist's permission
（3）What did Bystedt do after the missing films were found？ 　 　
A．she published the unseen photos very quickly.
B．she held a party for some artists to view the photos.
C．she spent months repairing the films.
D．she displayed the pictures to make a profit.
（4）What would be a suitable title for the passage？ 　 　
A．Photos of Andy Warhol Lost Forever
B．A Special Exhibit of Andy Warhol's Works
C．Friendship Between an Artist and a Photographer
D．Unseen Portraits of Andy Warhol Lost and Found
19．Kids are cool to wear blue jeans and T﹣shirts today.It is fashionable like that.Fashion refers to the styles of dress that are currently popular.Fashion goes beyond just clothes，though.It's important for some people to wear only the latest fashions and styles.For others，though，keeping up with trends isn't that important.The one thing that stays the same with fashion is this：it always changes!
During the 1960s and 1970s，Hippies made bell﹣bottomed blue jeans （喇叭裤） popular.Also，in the 1980s，Michael Jackson made parachute pants （降落伞裤）all the fashion.Now try to find these items in today's clothing stores!
Do you know why fashions change？The answer is probably as simple as the fact that people change.Over time，the new replaces the old.People are influenced greatly by popular culture，including athletes，musicians，movie stars，as well as popular films，television shows，books and music.We are also influenced by the fashion industry's advertising.
The stars of popular culture are always searching for a new angle to maintain （保持） their popularity.Often these new angles come in the form of new clothing or hairstyles.When people see these new styles，they often want to imitate （模仿） their favorite stars.To do so，they seek out the latest fashions to make themselves look like the people they want to imitate.In this way，fashions evolve and change over time.
Clothes have been used to separate people into groups for many years.Even today，brand﹣name clothing that is more expensive than other types of clothing can be used by some people to make themselves different from others.
Unfortunately，this can often have the effect of distancing certain groups from others.Don't forget that it's always OK to develop your own sense of style that is unique and separate from what the fashion world determines!Stay true to yourself and let your personality—not your clothes﹣speak for who you are!
（1）What does the example of bell﹣bottomed blue jeans and parachute pants in Paragraph 2 suggest？ 　 　
A．Fashion always changes.
B．Stars are always influential.
C．People have different dressing styles.
D．Hippies and Michael Jackson are good designers.
（2）What causes the changes of fashions？ 　 　
A．Advertisements change rapidly.
B．Popular culture influences people.
C．Movie stars are changing over time.
D．New films and shows replace the old.
（3）We can learn from the text that 　 　.
A．fashion is all about clothes
B．the author has gone out of fashion
C．clothes may separate and distance people
D．people like to imitate others' dressing style
20．（2023秋 重庆月考）While the start of a new school year is always exciting，this year was even more so for some elementary school students in Auckland，New Zealand.They became the world's first kids to be "taught" by a digital teacher，Will.Before you start imagining a human﹣like robot walking around the classroom，Will is just an avatar（化身，虚拟人物）that turns up on the students' desktop，tablet，or smartphone screen when called.
Thanks to a digital camera and microphone，the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have，but also picks up non﹣verbal signals.For example，if a student smiles at Will，he responds by smiling back.This two﹣way communication not only helps draw the students' attention，but also allows the program's developers to monitor their involvement（参与）and make changes if needed.
Vector's Chief Digital Officer，Nikhil Ravishankar，believes that Will—like avatars could be a new way to attract the attention of the next generation.He says，"Using a digital human is a very popular method to deliver new information to people，and I have a lot of hope in this technology as a means to deliver rich and educational experience in the future." Greg Cross，the Chief Business Officer for Soul Machines，states that kids who have grown up in this digital time adapt to new technology quickly，and he hopes to develop the idea of digital humans in the area of educate further.
The program，in place since August 2018，has been a great success so far.However，no mater how popular it becomes，Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon.For one，the avatar's knowledge base is severely limited.But more importantly，even the smartest digital avatars could never predict and react to all the unexpected situations that educators have to deal with on a daily basis.However，it could come in handy as a "personal teacher"，providing kids with one﹣on﹣one help on the subjects or even topics.
（1）What is mentioned about Will in the first paragraph？ 　 　
A．He is a human﹣like robot teacher.
B．He is the first robot teacher in the world.
C．He is a digital teacher teaching in a school.
D．He will walk across the classroom to you when called.
（2）In what way does the digital teacher help the students？ 　 　
A．By taking part in discussion.
B．By changing teaching methods.
C．By communicating with students.
D．By monitoring students' behavior.
（3）What is Greg Cross's attitude toward the digital teacher？ 　 　
A．Supportive.
B．Doubtful.
C．Uncaring.
D．Dissatisfied.
（4）What can be inferred about the digital teacher from the last paragraph？ 　 　
A．It has entered many homes as kids' private teacher.
B．It will teach in class in place of human educators.
C．It's good at handling unexpected situations.
D．It remains to be improved.
期末专项培优 阅读理解
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．Blue light before bedtime can make it harder to sleep，and the screens on phones，computers and televisions give out plenty of blue light.This is all true.But if you consider blue light as a major problem affecting your sleep or your eye health，it's time to change your mind.
Philip Yuhas，a professor of optometry（验光），writes at The Conversation，"Blue light isn't a uniquely technological evil.It's part of sunlight，and your eyes are exposed to plenty of it all the time.You're fine. " The pigments（色素）and the lenses of our eyes actually block blue light fairly well ﹣ so in a sense，we already have built﹣in blue﹣blocking protection.
Adding more protection isn't likely to help，though.You can buy glasses and screen filters（过滤器）that block blue light，but Yuhas points out they are probably a waste of money.He says，"The products that my patients ask about do not block out much blue light. " The leading blue﹣blocking anti﹣reflective coating，for example，blocks only about 15% of the blue light that screens give out.
You could get the same reduction just by holding your phone another inch from your face.Try it now and see if you notice a difference.No？Then it shouldn't surprise you that a recent analysis concluded that blue﹣blocking glasses and coatings have no significant effect on sleep quality，comfort at the computer or retinal（视网膜的） health.
The American Academy of Ophthalmology doesn't recommend blue﹣blocking products，either.Instead，if you're concerned about your eye health or your ability to get into sleep on time，you already know what to do：Put the screens away at bedtime.Read a book or find something else to do.While you're using screens，take a 20﹣second break every 20 minutes to look at something 20 feet away.If you get dry eyes when you look at screens for a long time，use artificial tears.
（1）What do we know about blue light？ 　C　
A．It produces kinds of pigments.
B．It does serious harm to our health.
C．It can be blocked by our eyes effectively.
D．It is a unique product of electronics.
（2）What can be learned about blue﹣blocking glasses from the text？ 　B　
A．They are widely popular.
B．They are almost useless.
C．They are inaccessible.
D．They are reliable.
（3）What does the author suggest readers do？ 　D　
A．Try to wet dry eyes with tears.
B．Keep a distance from blue light.
C．Stop using screens in the evening.
D．Have regular breaks when using screens.
（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the text？ 　A　
A．Does blue light really affect your health？
B．Are blue﹣blocking products recommended？
C．Where does blue light actually come from？
D．How can we avoid the harm from blue light？
【答案】CBDA
【分析】本文是一篇健康环保类阅读，主要说明了蓝光并不是影响睡眠或眼睛健康的主要问题，蓝光可以被我们的眼睛有效地阻挡，所谓的防蓝光眼镜实际上几乎没有用。同时作者建议使用屏幕时要有规律的休息，才能保护眼睛。
【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第二段The pigments and the lenses of our eyes actually block blue light fairly well—so in a sense，we already have built﹣in blue﹣blocking protection.我们眼睛的色素和晶状体实际上相当好地阻挡了蓝光——所以从某种意义上说，我们已经有了内置的防蓝光保护。可知，蓝光可以被我们的眼睛有效地阻挡。故选C。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第三段Adding more protection isn't likely to help，though.You can buy glasses and screen filters（过滤器）that block blue light，but Yuhas points out they are probably a waste of money.He says，"The products that my patients ask about do not block out much blue light. " The leading blue﹣blocking anti﹣reflective coating，for example，blocks only about 15% of the blue light that screens give out.你可以买到能阻挡蓝光的眼镜和屏幕过滤器，但Yuhas指出，这很可能是在浪费钱。他说： "我的病人询问的产品并不能阻挡太多蓝光。"例如，主要的防蓝光涂层只能阻挡大约15%的蓝光。可知，防蓝光眼镜几乎没用。故选B。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段Instead，if you're concerned about your eye health or your ability to get into sleep on time，you already know what to do：Put the screens away at bedtime.Read a book or find something else to do.While you're using screens，take a 20﹣second break every 20 minutes to look at something 20 feet away.If you get dry eyes when you look at screens for a long time，use artificial tears.相反，如果你担心你的眼睛健康或你按时入睡的能力，你已经知道该怎么做了：在睡觉时间把屏幕收起来。读一本书或者找点别的事情做。当你使用屏幕时，每隔20分钟休息20秒，看看20英尺外的东西。如果你长时间看屏幕眼睛干涩时，可以使用眼药水。可知，作者建议读者使用屏幕时要定期休息。故选D。
（4）A.标题归纳题。根据第一段Blue light before bedtime can make it harder to sleep，and the screens on phones，computers and televisions give out plenty of blue light.This is all true.But if you consider blue light as a major problem affecting your sleep or your eye health，it's time to change your mind.睡前的蓝光会让人难以入睡，手机、电脑和电视的屏幕也会发出大量蓝光。这都是真的。但如果你认为蓝光是影响睡眠或眼睛健康的主要问题，那么是时候改变你的想法了。可知，文章主要说明了蓝光并不是影响睡眠或眼睛健康的主要问题，蓝光可以被我们的眼睛有效地阻挡，所谓的防蓝光眼镜实际上几乎没有用。同时作者建议使用屏幕时要定期休息，才能保护眼睛。可知，A.Does blue light really affect your health？"蓝光真的影响你的健康吗？"最符合文章标题，故选A。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
2．（2023 宿城区校级开学）Life will probably be very different in 2050.First of all，it seems that TV channels will have vanished by 2050.Instead，people will choose a programme from a "menu" and a computer will send the programme directly to the television.By 2050，music，films，programmes，newspapers and books will come to us in the similar way.
In many places，agriculture is developing quickly and people are growing fruit and vegetables for export.This uses a lot of water.Therefore，there could be serious shortages of water.Some scientists predict that water could be the cause of wars if we don't act now.
In the future，cars will run on new，clean fuels（燃料）and they will go very fast.Cars will have computers to control the speed and there won't be any accidents.Today，many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are.By 2050，the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination.Also，by 2050，space planes will fly people from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just two hours.
Some big companies now prefer to use robots that do not ask for pay rises or go on strike，and work 24 hours a day.They are also easy to control.And they never argue with people.They can be easily used in a variety of places ﹣ factories，schools，offices，hospitals，shops and homes.
Scientists will have discovered how to control genes（基因）.Scientists have already produced clones of animals.By 2050，scientists will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look and how they behave.Scientists will be able to do these things，but should they？
（1）Which of the following best explains the underlined word "vanished" in Paragraph 1？ 　C　
A．Settled.
B．Spread.
C．Disappeared.
D．Decreased.
（2）What does Paragraph 4 intend to show？ 　D　
A．Robots can work in different places.
B．Robots have much to be improved.
C．Robots work for humans for free.
D．Robots have many advantages.
（3）What does the author want to express in the last paragraph？ 　A　
A．He probably disagrees with the idea of human cloning.
B．He is looking forward to using cloning technology.
C．The scientists have already discovered how to control genes.
D．The scientists will face many difficulties of controlling genes.
（4）What is the best title for the text？ 　B　
A．High﹣tech Cars
B．Life in the Future
C．Is Cloning Really Good？
D．Are You Ready for the Future？
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，主要介绍了可能会与现在大不相同的2050年的生活。随着科技的发展人类社会可能发生的种种变化，科技在未来的生活质量中扮演最大的角色。
【解答】（1）C.词义猜测题。根据下文Instead，people will choose a programme from a "menu" and a computer will send the programme directly to the television.相反，人们将从"菜单"中选择节目，电脑将直接把节目发送到电视上。由此可知，上文First of all，it seems that TV channels will have vanished by 2050.的意思是首先，电视频道似乎将在2050年消失。"vanished"的意思是消失。A.Settled.解决；B.Spread.传播；C.Disappeared.消失；D.Decreased.减少。故选C。
（2）D.段落大意题。根据第四段Some big companies now prefer to use robots that do not ask for pay rises or go on strike，and work 24 hours a day.They are also easy to control.And they never argue with people.They can be easily used in a variety of places—factories，schools，offices，hospitals，shops and homes.一些大公司现在更喜欢使用机器人，不要求加薪或罢工，一天24小时工作。它们也很容易控制。它们从不和人争论。它们可以很容易地用于各种场所﹣﹣工厂、学校、办公室、医院、商店和家庭。由此推断出，第四段说明了机器人的诸多好处，故选D。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段中By 2050，scientists will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look and how they behave.到2050年，科学家将能够克隆出人类，并决定他们的长相和行为。最后作者以Scientists will be able to do these things，but should they？（科学家将能够做这些事情，但他们应该做吗？）由此推断出，作者可能不同意克隆人的想法，故选A。
（4）B.标题判断题。第一段Life will probably be very different in 2050.（2050年的生活可能会大不相同）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要介绍了未来的生活，所以B选项：未来生活，作为题目最为合适，故选B。
【点评】做这类题材的阅读理解时要求考生对文章先通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上进行合理地分析，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
3．When Kevin Durant gave his tearful MVP speech in 2014，the NBA star made sure to thank one person who had been there with him from the very beginning：his mother.His heartfelt words about the sacrifices she made for Durant and his brother led to a lifetime movie about her journey as a single parent，The Real MVP：The Wanda Durant Story.
Today，the NBA superstar's mom travels the country as a motivational speaker and philanthropist（慈善家）.On Monday，she spoke at Thomson Reuters' in New York about her personal struggles to achieve financial stability and shared the financial advice she gave her son when he entered the league with CNBC.
"I wanted him to realize he has worked hard，" she says，"And it is OK for him to enjoy himself because of his hard work.But it is also imperative that he prepares for his future. " While she advised him to enjoy the rewards of his labor，she also wanted to make sure that her son knew the importance of financial planning.
She told the audience that when she found herself a single parent to two children at 21，she couldn't follow the financial principles.Rather than planning for the future，she focused only on how her money could make ends meet for that moment.
Recently，Durant has teamed up with Laurene Powell Jobs for a new philanthropic program called College Track which is aimed at helping disadvantaged kids attend college.As part of the program，Durant has committed to donating ﹩10 million to his hometown's public school system.
Durant's mom says that in addition to his financial decisions，she is proud of his philanthropic work and his desire to help the community. "I thought giving back was always very important，and so we talked about that and he had seen that from us as a family and it's one of the things that I taught him，" she says.
（1）What is The Real MVP：The Wanda Durant Story mainly about？ 　C　
A．Durant's career path.
B．Durant's hard childhood.
C．Durant's mother's devotion to the family.
D．Durant's mother's struggling to be independent.
（2）What does the underlined word "imperative" in Paragraph 3 mean？ 　B　
A．Enjoyable.
B．Important.
C．Unusual.
D．Hopeful.
（3）What are the financial principles of Durant's mom？ 　A　
A．Enjoying now and planning for the future.
B．Sharing rewards and creating a charity program.
C．Spending less money and saving for the emergencies.
D．Donating money to the charity and helping more schools.
（4）What made Durant pay attention to the charity program？ 　C　
A．His kind heart.
B．His poor hometown.
C．His mother's teaching.
D．His difficult life experiences.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】文章主要讲述了NBA巨星Kevin Durant的母亲在Kevin Durant进入联盟时对他进行的金钱观的教育。
【解答】（1）C．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"His heartfelt words about the sacrifices she made for Durant and his brother led to a lifetime movie about her journey as a single parent，The Real MVP：The Wanda Durant Story.（他真诚地表达了她为杜兰特和他的弟弟所做的牺牲，这也促成了一部关于她作为单身母亲的一生的电影——《真正的MVP：旺达 杜兰特的故事》。）可知，《旺达 杜兰特的故事》主要关于杜兰特的母亲对家庭奉献的故事。故选C。
（2）B．词义猜测题。根据"she also wanted to make sure that her son knew the importance of financial planning.（她还想让儿子知道财务规划的重要性。）可知他的母亲想让他知道财务规划的重要性。A．Enjoyable.令人愉快的；B．Important重要的；C．Unusual不寻常的；D．Hopeful充满希望的。故选B。
（3）A．细节理解题。根据第三段的描述"I wanted him to realize he has worked hard，" she says， "And it is OK for him to enjoy himself because of his hard work.But it is also imperative that he prepares for his future." While she advised him to enjoy the rewards of his labor，she also wanted to make sure that her son knew the importance of financial planning."（她说："我想让他意识到自己已经努力工作了，他可以因为自己的努力而享受自己的快乐，但他也必须为自己的未来做好准备。"她建议他享受劳动带来的回报，同时也希望确保儿子知道财务规划的重要性。）可知杜兰特妈妈的财务原则是"享受现在，规划未来"。故选A。
（4）C．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句"I thought giving back was always very important，and so we talked about that and he had seen that from us as a family and it's one of the things that I taught him，" she says.（"我认为回馈社会是非常重要的，所以我们讨论了这个问题，他从我们一家人身上看到了这一点，这是我教会他的事情之一。"她说。）可知是母亲的教诲让杜兰特关注慈善计划的。故选C。
【点评】1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目；
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换；
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
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Things to do in Cabo Corrientes，Jalisco，Mexico!
◆ Rhythms of the Night﹣Sunset Cruise（乘船游览）
Duration：5 hours
Kick off the evening with a scenic cruise across Banderas Bay to Las Caletas.Las Caletas，once home to a Hollywood movie director John Huston，offers front﹣row sunset seats，and dinner tables just steps away from the water.The buffe