【期末专项培优】固定搭配和句型(含答案与解析)-2024-2025学年外研社版(2019)英语高二下册

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名称 【期末专项培优】固定搭配和句型(含答案与解析)-2024-2025学年外研社版(2019)英语高二下册
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更新时间 2025-05-20 13:24:20

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期末专项培优 固定搭配和句型
一.翻译题(共15小题)
1.我能取得那么大的成绩该归功于你。(owe it to sb.)
   
2.多亏你不断地鼓励,我在学习上取得显著的进步。(thanks to)
   
3.我昨天在博物馆遇到了汤姆。(强调句)
   
4.在这封信中,我对你的帮助表示衷心的感谢。(appreciation)    
5.我不知道该如何回应他说的话,所以我只是盯着他看。(react to)    
6.无论你们是寄宿生还是走读生,你们都得学会独立生活。(boarder;day pupil)   
7.我们应该珍惜这个宝贵的机会,不是吗?(cherish)   
8.这个月,我看完了这本书,该书描述了一个人如何在整个家庭的死亡中幸存下来。   
9.这是我第一次去北京。
   
10.这场雪持续了一周,导致了整个地区严重的交通混乱。(分词作状语)    
11.我必须说明,我会永远支持你的。(make+宾语+宾补)(应用文之鼓励)    
12.只有用这种方式你才能提高汉语。(部分倒装)(应用文之建议信)    
13.大象的腿跟树干一样圆而高,这点显而易见。
   
14.露西再也不是她以前的样子了。
Lucy is no longer    .
15.你们接受了我们的邀请,这使我们非常高兴。
You have accepted our invitation,which    .
参考答案与试题解析
一.翻译题(共15小题)
1.我能取得那么大的成绩该归功于你。(owe it to sb.)
 I owe it to you that I can make such a great achievement. 
【答案】I owe it to you that I can make such a great achievement.
【分析】我能取得那么大的成绩该归功于你。
【解答】答案:I owe it to you that I can make such a great achievement.1.因指的是现在的情况,主从句都用一般现在时;2.it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句I can make such a great achievement;2.owe to应该把…归功于。故填:I owe it to you that I can make such a great achievement.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
2.多亏你不断地鼓励,我在学习上取得显著的进步。(thanks to)
 Thanks to your constant encouragement,I have been making remarkable progress in my studies. 
【答案】Thanks to your constant encouragement,I have been making remarkable progress in my studies.
【分析】多亏你不断地鼓励,我在学习上取得显著的进步。
【解答】答案:Thanks to your constant encouragement,I have been making remarkable progress in my studies.多亏Thanks to,介词短语,后面接名词作宾语,你不断地鼓励your constant encouragement,取得进步make progress,显著的remarkable,形容词修饰名词progress,在学习上in my studies;分析句子可知,本句叙述从过去某时开始一直延续到现在,有可能还要继续下去的动作,应用现在完成进行时,故答案为Thanks to your constant encouragement,I have been making remarkable progress in my studies.
【点评】汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词、短语或者句式,按照适当的语序来翻译。
3.我昨天在博物馆遇到了汤姆。(强调句)
 It was in the museum that I met Tom yesterday. 
【答案】It was in the museum that I met Tom yesterday.
【分析】我昨天在博物馆遇到了汤姆。
【解答】答案:It was in the museum that I met Tom yesterday.本句叙述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,根据语境判断,应为强调句,就地点状语"在博物馆"in the museum进行强调,强调句结构是:It is/was+被强调句部分+that+句子其他部分,结合其他信息,故答案为It was in the museum that I met Tom yesterday.
【点评】汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词、短语或者句式,按照适当的语序来翻译。
4.在这封信中,我对你的帮助表示衷心的感谢。(appreciation)  In this letter,I would like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your help. 
【答案】In this letter,I would like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your help.
【分析】在这封信中,我对你的帮助表示衷心的感谢。
【解答】根据句意,"在这封信中"译为in this letter,位于句首首字母大写,"对你的帮助表示忠心的感谢"译为convey the sincere appreciation to you for your help,结合整个句子和语境译为In this letter,I would like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your help.
故填:In this letter,I would like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your help.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
5.我不知道该如何回应他说的话,所以我只是盯着他看。(react to)  I didn't know how to react to what he said,so I just stared at him. 
【答案】I didn't know how to react to what he said,so I just stared at him.
【分析】我不知道该如何回应他说的话,所以我只是盯着他看。
【解答】"如何回应他说的话"译为how to react to what he said,"盯着他看"译为stare at him,前后句逻辑关系所以用连词so,全句描述过去的事情,用过去式,译为I didn't know how to react to what he said,so I just started at him.
故填:I didn't know how to react to what he said,so I just stared at him.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
6.无论你们是寄宿生还是走读生,你们都得学会独立生活。(boarder;day pupil) Whether you are boarders or day pupils,you should learn to live independently. 
【答案】Whether you are boarders or day pupils,you should learn to live independently.
【分析】无论你们是寄宿生还是走读生,你们都得学会独立生活。
【解答】根据句意可知,句中含有让步状语,可以用"whether...or...",表示"无论...还是...";"寄宿生"可以用"boarder","走读生"可以用"day pupil"句中需要用复数形式;"学会独立生活"可以译为" learn to live independently"。
故填:Whether you are boarders or day pupils,you should learn to live independently.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
7.我们应该珍惜这个宝贵的机会,不是吗?(cherish) We should cherish this valuable opportunity,shouldn't we? 
【答案】We should cherish this valuable opportunity,shouldn't we?
【分析】我们应该珍惜这个宝贵的机会,不是吗?
【解答】根据句意可知,本句谓语动词借助于情态动词should构成,后面的反意疑问句应该用should构成,前面肯定,那么后面是否定形式,"珍惜"可以用动词cherish。
故填:We should cherish this valuable opportunity,shouldn't we?
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
8.这个月,我看完了这本书,该书描述了一个人如何在整个家庭的死亡中幸存下来。 This month,I finished reading the book,which describes how a man can survive the death of his entire family. 
【答案】This month,I finished reading the book,which describes how a man can survive the death of his entire family.
【分析】这个月,我看完了这本书,该书描述了一个人如何在整个家庭的死亡中幸存下来。
【解答】答案:This month,I finished reading the book,which describes how a man can survive the death of his entire family.1.因主句动作已发生,要用一般过去时;从句动作表示的是一般事实,要用一般现在时;2.先行词book在非限制性定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which;3.how a man can survive the death of his entire family是describes的宾语从句。故填:This month,I finished reading the book,which describes how a man can survive the death of his entire family.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
9.这是我第一次去北京。
 This is the first time that I have been to Beijing. 
【答案】This is the first time that I have been to Beijing.
【分析】这是我第一次去北京。
【解答】答案:This is the first time that I have been to Beijing.表示"这是某人第几次做某事",常用句式:This is the+序数词+ time+that从句,从句中谓语动词通常用现在完成时, "去北京"have been to Beijing,故答案为This is the first time that I have been to Beijing.
【点评】汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词、短语或者句式,按照适当的语序来翻译。
10.这场雪持续了一周,导致了整个地区严重的交通混乱。(分词作状语)  The snow lasted a week,resulting in serious traffic confusion in the whole area. 
【答案】The snow lasted a week,resulting in serious traffic confusion in the whole area.
【分析】这场雪持续了一周,导致了整个地区严重的交通混乱。
【解答】根据题意,"持续了一周"可以翻译成"last a week";"导致"可以翻译成"result in";"严重的交通混乱"可以翻译成"serious traffic confusion";"整个地区"可以翻译成"the whole area"。主句用一般过去时,其中resulting in为现在分词作状语。
故填:The snow lasted a week,resulting in serious traffic confusion in the whole area.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
11.我必须说明,我会永远支持你的。(make+宾语+宾补)(应用文之鼓励)  I must make it clear that I will support you forever. 
【答案】I must make it clear that I will support you forever.
【分析】我必须说明,我会永远支持你的。
【解答】根据题意,"必须"可以翻译成"must";"说明"可以翻译成"make it clear that…";"支持你"可以翻译成"support you";"永远"可以翻译成"forever"。
故填:I must make it clear that I will support you forever.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
12.只有用这种方式你才能提高汉语。(部分倒装)(应用文之建议信)  Only in this way can you improve your Chinese. 
【答案】Only in this way can you improve your Chinese.
【分析】只有用这种方式你才能提高汉语。
【解答】根据题意,"只有用这种方式"可以翻译成"only in this way";"提高汉语"可以翻译成"improve your Chinese"。分析句子结构可知,"only in this way"作主语时,后面的句子要用部分倒装,此句子将can提到主语you的前面。
故填:Only in this way can you improve your Chinese.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
13.大象的腿跟树干一样圆而高,这点显而易见。
 It is very clear that the elephant's leg is round and tall like a tree trunk. 
【答案】It is very clear that the elephant's leg is round and tall like a tree trunk.
【分析】大象的腿跟树干一样圆而高,这点显而易见。
【解答】答案:It is very clear that the elephant's leg is round and tall like a tree trunk.1.因表示的是一般事实,主从句都要用一般现在时;2.it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句;3.round and tall是并列形容词作表语。故填:It is very clear that the elephant's leg is round and tall like a tree trunk.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
14.露西再也不是她以前的样子了。
Lucy is no longer  what she used to be .
【答案】what she used to be
【分析】露西再也不是她以前的样子了。
【解答】what作动词be的表语,同时引导表语从句;used to"过去常常",后接动词原形。
故填:what she used to be。
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
15.你们接受了我们的邀请,这使我们非常高兴。
You have accepted our invitation,which  makes us very happy .
【答案】makes us very happy
【分析】你们接受了我们的邀请,这使我们非常高兴。
【解答】根据前文中have accepted可知,指的是现在的事情,要用一般现在时;关系代词which的先行词是前面整个句子,表示单数概念,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;"make+宾语+形容词"结构中形容词作宾语补足语。
故填:makes us very happy。
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
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