【期末专项培优】信息匹配（含答案与解析）-2024-2025学年外研社版（2019）英语高二下册

期末专项培优 信息匹配
一．信息匹配（共15小题）
1．（2022 南京模拟）Many people think of sharks as dangerous monsters.But human beings cause a far greater danger to them than they do to us.Although shark attacks do occur，they are quite rare.According to one estimate，however，humans kill 100 million sharks every year.（1）　 　
Why should we save the sharks？
Sharks take up the top position on the food chain in the ocean.As sharks die off，the population of the animals that sharks consume will increase.This，in turn，means that the number of the creatures those animals eat will drop.（2）　 　 Fish that eat algae（藻类）are also included.This can cause algae to spread so much that it damages coral reefs.
（3）　 　 The ocean not only produces more oxygen than all the rainforests on Earth combined，but also removes half of the man﹣made greenhouse gas from the atmosphere.Once sharks die off，the global ecosystem will be upset，affecting all creatures including human beings.
Don't use shark products
First，vitamin energy drinks and leather goods can be made from shark parts.（4）　 　 In addition，shark meat is sold around the world，sometimes under misleading names such as rock salmon or white fish.
Shark fin soup is a popular dish.However，the process of getting fins is cruel.Fishermen cut the shark's fins off and then throw the shark back into the water，still alive.（5）　 　 Sharks breathe by swimming，so shark that can't swim will die.
A.It is time for children to learn about sharks.
B.Shark oil is also used in many popular beauty products.
C.Then the shark dies slowly，sometimes over several days.
D.Actually，the killing of sharks will affect the whole planet.
E.People in some countries are especially keen on shark products.
F.Among them are some sea fish that humans consume every day.
G.This number is a warning that many kinds of sharks may die out.
2．（2018秋 西夏区校级月考）How to improve self﹣control Self﹣control helps us in fighting temptations（诱惑 ）The tips listed below will tell you how you can improve your self﹣control.
Be a Fighter
The first thing you need to know is you are a fighter and that you can fight absolutely anything.There is nothing in this world that a human mind cannot do if it decides to do so. （1）　 　
Know the Strength of Willpower
Your willpower is your biggest strength. （2）　 　There are many exercises that will help you strengthen your willpower.A strong willpower will help you stay away from what you know is wrong for you.
Say Goodbye to Pessimism
If you are a pessimist by nature，your self﹣control will work for you in the opposite direction.You will find yourself losing the battle even before you fight it.You need to understand that you can take up any challenge，however strong it is.Pessimism is like a virus. （3）　 　
Find"Good""Company
If you are trying to get rid of an addiction，find other people in your friends who would want to do the same or who might provide you with the much﹣needed motivation. （4）　 　
Now that you know how to improve self﹣control，you can start applying these mind control tips in your daily life. （5）　 　Keep at it and you might just notice some amazing changes in respect of your control over yourself.
A.The key is not to give up.
B.Therefore，you need to train it properly.
C.Some people just can't stay away from those wrong things.
D.This way，indirectly，you will be improving your self﹣control.
E.It'll keep on growing inside your mind unless you put a stop to it.
F.You just need to be a great fighter when you fight against certain issues.
G.It is these temptations that challenge our determination to do something.
3．（2022春 甘州区校级期中）China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years.（1）　 　Each species on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem.
In recent decades，a series of wildlife protection movements have been carried out by the central government.（2）　 　The giant panda and the crested ibis（朱鹮）are among these success stories.
The giant panda used to have a population of1，114 in the 1970s.It now totals 1，864 thanks to 52 protection areas.（3）　 　 By the end of 2018，seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild.（4）　 　In 1981，seven crested ibises were found in Yangxian county，Shaanxi Province.Since then，breeding programs have helped the population reach 2，000.
China has even sent crested ibises to Japan and South Korea in recent years to help with the species' survival.
（5）　 　Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection，including making the lists of wild animals and plants under state protection，and also fighting against illegal wildlife trade.
A.Another species was once thought to be almost extinct.
B.Protecting wildlife is，without doubt，an important part.
C.China will continue its efforts at the wildlife protection.
D.People call for immediate protection of the remaining species.
E.Scientists have worked to feed pandas and then release them into the wild.
F.As environmental damage has increased，signs of change have appeared around the world.
G.Several species in danger of extinction have made impressive progress thanks to the methods.
4．
Things You Should Stop Doing to Be Successful
Are you a happy person？How often do you think of reasons why everyone around you is successful though they are not better than you in general？What do you do wrong？Here are some things you should stop doing to be successful.
1. （1）　 　
Different people may explain "success" in different ways：some of them measure it in money；other ones in positive changes to people around them and the world. （2）　 　Don't worry about what other people think but come after what makes you happy.
2.Do not believe anything without questioning it.
（3）　 　They are critical thinkers，and they understand that we all are ruled by our prejudices（偏见），so they will always question new information.
3.Do not worry about all unpredictable things that may happen to you.
If you want to be successful，stop thinking about everything that MAY happen to you.（4）　 　Be ready to improve and change your deeds and decisions when things suddenly don't go according to your plan.
4.Do not care about what other people think of you.
As far as we all know，it's impossible to please all the people who surround us.Your attempts to become "good" for everyone will turn into nothing but new worries，stresses，and problems.（5）　 　But they worry about their quality and focus on developing friendships with people they really care about.
A.Do not wait for the "right time" to do anything.
B.Do not let others decide what "success" is for you.
C.Successful people do not just accept any new information to be true.
D.Successful people do not concentrate on the quantity of people to please.
E.Try to feel comfortable with the reality and accept the fact that your future can't be predicted.
F.If you want to be successful，do not let others force their explanation of success on you.
G.Successful people never ignore or avoid problems，no matter how big and awful they seem.
5．（1）　 　 Friendships between Americans can be close and real，yet disappear soon if situations change.Neither side feels hurt by this.Both may exchange New Year greetings for a year or two，perhaps a few letters for a while ﹣ then no more. （2）　 　This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand，because friendships between us develop more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings，extending sometimes deeply into both families.
Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes，and share their holidays and their home life.They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality （好客） easily.
There is another difficult point for us Chinese to understand. （3）　 　.This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time.Sometimes，we，as hosts，will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. （4）　 　The Americans，however，express their welcome usually at homes，but truly cannot manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine.They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus.And they expect that we will phone them from there. （5）　 　 We will find ourselves treated hospitably.
For the Americans，it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants，except for business matters.So accept their hospitality at home!
A.America is a mobile society.
B.We may take days off to act as guides for our foreign friends.
C.Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.
D.Once we arrive at their homes，the welcome will be full，warm and real.
E.Americans don't show their politeness if it requires a great deal of time.
F.Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families.
G.If the same two people meet again by chance，even years later，they pick up the friendship.
6．（2022秋 怀柔区期末）
How old is "old"？
How old is "old"？（1）　 　 More than two hundred years ago，you were old at 35.That was the average life then.At the turn of the 20th century，as medical knowledge advanced，the average life span（长度） increased to 45.In 1950，70﹣year﹣olds were really old.Today，a healthy 70﹣year﹣old is looking forward to many more active years.
So，how old is old？The answer is one you've heard many times，from all sorts of people. "You are as old or young as you feel!" The calendar（日历）simply tells you how many years you have lived.（2）　 　
Once an unknown author wrote，"Youth is not a time of life but it is a state of mind.Nobody grows old by living a number of years.（3）　 　"
（4）　 　 Alice Brophy，when she was with the New York City commission for the Aging，said，"It upsets me when people say，'Gee，you look young for your age!' What does that mean？Is there some model that you're supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85？You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80."
There are many wrong ideas about aging.（5）　 　 Here are some of the more common ones.For example，most older people are in poor health，or older people are unable to change.
A.Old is a point of view.
B.It's extremely terrible to be grown old.
C.The answer has changed over the years.
D.Your body tells you how well you've lived.
E.Older people are stubborn，unable to change.
F.People grow old by giving up their goals.
G.These ideas stereotype（固化）people on the basis of age.
7．Most of us in China are used to paying for everything with our phones. （1）　 　At least，this was the case for Lim Swee Say from Singapore，who found his first experience with Chinese payment methods quite impressive.Lim was waiting in line to buy nuts at a street stall （货摊） in Shanghai and saw other customers show their phones and take the nuts without giving cash. （2）　 　It seems that Singapore falls behind in mobile payments.Some Chinese tourists find it inconvenient when they have to use cash in Singapore.
（3）　 　According to Xinhua News Agency，many countries now accept mobile payment services for Chinese tourists，with WeChat Pay covered in 13 overseas countries and regions and Alipay over 200.It's now common to see the familiar green or blue logos in tourist destinations around the world，from a tiny shop in the Scottish Highlands to a huge department store in New York.
Mobile payments are now a normal part of life in China，and the trend is sweeping other nations.According to Forrester Research，in America，mobile payments rose by 37 per cent in 2016. （4）　 　This may be partly because western mobile payment services require businesses to install expensive equipment before customers can use them. （5）　 　
A.He was trying to figure out how they got paid.
B.Foreign tourists don't like to pay with their mobile phones.
C.But in China，all it takes is a QR code （二维码） and a phone.
D.Soon after，he realised that the customers were using WeChat Pay.
E.Still，Chinese mobile payments were nearly 50 times greater than those in the US.
F.But for foreign visitors who aren't familiar with this method，it may seem strange.
G.The popularity of Chinese mobile payments has pushed some foreign companies to accept them.
8．（2023秋 墨玉县期中）Everybody gets stressed from time to time.（1）　 　 Some ways of dealing with stress，like screaming or hitting someone，don't solve much.But other ways，like talking to someone you trust，can lead you to solve your problem or at least feel better.
Try taking these four steps next time you are stressed：
Get support.When you need help，reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult，such as a parent or other relatives. （2）　 　 They might have had similar problems，such as dealing with a test，or the death of a beloved pet.
Don't take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves.Oh，dear，that's not a good idea.
Remember that there are always people to help you.Don't take it out on yourself.（3）　 　
Try to solve the problem.After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends，it's time to get down to business.（4）　 　 Even if you can't solve it completely，you can solve a part of it.
（5）　 　 Most stress is temporary.Remember stress doesn't go away，unless you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，you'll help yourself feel better even faster.Ah，it feels so good when the stress is gone.
These steps aren't magic，but they do work.
A.Be positive.
B.Then，find a way to calm down.
C.And don't forget about your friends.
D.You need to figure out what the problem is.
E.Different people feel stress in different ways.
F.Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.
G.Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
9．（2020 临沂一模）
Life in Death Valley
Death Valley is a huge place，extending more than 225 kilometers across the southern part of California into the neighboring state of Nevada．As beautiful as this place is，its name provides evidence of very real danger．
（1）　 　 It has nearly 1.4 million hectares of desert and mountains that reach more than 3，000 meters into the sky．Death Valley can be dangerously cold during the winter months．Storms in the mountains can cause sudden floods on the floor of the valley．But，during summer months，the air temperature has been as high as 57 degrees Celsius．（2）　 　The extreme heat of Death Valley has once killed people．
In many areas of Death Valley，it is easy to see where the ground has been pushed up violently by movement deep in the Earth．This has created unusual and beautiful rock formations，with colors of red，brown，gray，yellow and black．In other parts of Death Valley，there are lines in the rock．The lines are evidence of the past presence of water．（3）　 　．
Much of Death Valley is flat and extremely dry．In some areas the ground is nothing but salt．However，it would be wrong to think that nothing lives in Death Valley．（4）　 　Wildflowers grow very quickly after even a small amount of rain．Several kinds of birds live in Death Valley．Visitors might see the dog﹣like animal called the coyote，or wild bighorn sheep，or other animals like the desert tortoise．
Throughout history，Native Americans found ways to survive in Death Valley．Rock art and other remains show that humans lived in the valley as far back as 9，000 years ago．Nowadays，more than one million people visit it each year．（5）　 　The sun slowly turns the valley a gold color that deepens to a soft brown，then changes to a dark red．As night comes，the mountains turn a dark purple color，then black．
A．The valley is full of life．
B．The setting sun is visitors' favorite．
C．Images here seem to change each minute．
D．Death Valley，is a place of strange and silent beauty．
E．Death Valley doesn't forgive those who are not careful．
F．Death Valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes．
G．The area was deep under an ocean for many thousands of years．
10．In the most basic sense，self﹣regulation（自我调节）involves controlling one's behavior and thoughts in pursuit（追求）of long﹣term goals.Generally，people who are good at self﹣regulation tend to see the good in others and view challenges as opportunities.They exactly know what they want to achieve，act in accordance with their views，and devote their best effort. （1）　 　
（2）　 　A bad﹣tempered child who hits others won't be popular at school.An adult with poor self﹣regulation skills may lack self﹣confidence.He may have difficulty handling stress，and often，this might be expressed in terms of anger and anxiety.
How do problems with self﹣regulation develop？It could start early when a baby isn't treated with enough care.（3）　 　Later，an adult may struggle with self﹣regulation，either because this ability wasn't developed during childhood，or because of a lack of skill in managing difficult feelings.When left unchecked，over time this could lead to risky behavior such as taking drugs.
（4）　 　One of the most frequently used methods is to change your thought patterns，which means that you think about a situation in a positive way，rather than one that's likely to increase negative emotions. （5）　 　Rather than thinking that this reflects something about yourself such as "My friend hates me"，you might instead think， "My friend must be really busy".
A.Try to cheer yourself up after disappointment.
B.Do the usual series of things at a particular time.
C.A child who doesn't feel safe may have trouble self﹣regulating.
D.A lack of self﹣regulation will cause problems in life.
E.Anyhow，self﹣regulation is so important that we should learn to use this skill.
F.For example，imagine a friend who doesn't return your calls or texts for several days.
G.Also they can calm themselves when feeling upset and cheer themselves when feeling down.
11．
Investing in yourself
Figuring out how to invest your money can be a difficult task.This is something that you will want to learn how to do.
（1）　 　Things that will improve your knowledge，skills or health are all great investments.However，before you start，you need to be clear about what you will gain from doing all of these things.
You may think investing in yourself means investing in your education.（2）　 　 There are some other things you can do as well as buying a gym membership card or learning a new skill.
So what are some specific things you can do？（3）　 　 Reading books can really expand your mind and allow you to learn different skills and gain knowledge.I'm talking about the books where you will actually learn a new skill，not fiction books.
You can also take courses and attend seminars.These programs are taught by people with a high level of knowledge or skill.（4）　 　 Only in this way can you avoid being fooled by some sales presentations.
Moreover，investing in yourself is a safe way to keep your money.Although a savings account is seen as the most secure investment，that isn't 100% safe.Even if you never experience your bank closing down，the return is little when inflation （通货膨胀） is taken into consideration.（5）　 　 But over time，they will show up in terms of your happiness level as well as your level of success.
A.The benefits will stay with you.
B.This is just one way.
C.If you aren't a reader，you should start with that.
D.The more you do this，the more valuable you will be.
E.The best way to invest your money is to invest it in yourself.
F.Of course，you need to do some research before investing.
G.When you invest in yourself，you may not see gains right away.
12．
A.Trust their children more. B.Keep computers in public areas in the house. C.It's important to be aware of what your kids are doing online. D.Besides，they must promise never to use technology to hurt anyone else. E.Spending too much time on social media can make kids feel upset，too. F，Kids can also face the possibility of meeting the wrong person face to face. G.Parents often say that kids would rather be online than hang around with them.
Daily overuse of media and technology has a bad effect on the health of all children and teenagers by making them more open to anxiety，and more at risk of future health problems.（1）　 　Many new applications automatically show where the users are and when they're used.This can tell anyone out there exactly where to find the person using the applications.
（2）　 　They are also upset about their kids spending time on the Internet accounts instead of getting down to their homework assignments，and are afraid of what can come out of their online connections.
（3）　 　One way is to make a"social media agreement"with your kids a real contract they can sign.In it，they can agree to protect their own privacy，consider their reputation，and not to give out personal information.（4）　 　
In turn，parents need to agree to respect teens' privacy while making an effort to be part of the social media world.Parents can also help kids spend less time on the computer by putting limits on media use.（5）　 　Avoid laptops and smartphones in bedrooms，and set some rules on the use of technology.And don't forget that setting a good example through your own virtual behaviour can go a long way towards helping your kids use social media safely.
13．
How to Create Trust in a Relationship
Trust in a relationship leads to feelings of connectedness and safety.It is built on one person understanding the other，being honest and making a sincere effort to keep the relationship strong.
（1）　 　 By matching your actions to your words，you will create more trust in a relationship.If you are all talk and have no action，the other person will begin to lose faith in you and not believe you when you say you are going to do something.Your words must go with your actions.
Keep the other person informed.Open communication builds trust. （2）　 　 Making him guess what you want does not create trust﹣ it creates confusion，false assumptions（假定）and misunderstandings.Be open with each other and include one another in your plans and decision﹣making.
Stop thinking about the past and live in the present.When you keep records of what the other did in the past that upset you，you will never be able to move forward and have a trusting and healthy relationship.Trust is earned，and it works both ways. （3）　 　If you are unable to do this，trust will never be achieved，and the relationship will suffer.
（4）　 　You may have fallen into a pattern of lying to cover up your wrongdoing.Continuing on this path will come to no good.When asked a question，be as truthful in your answer as you can.The truth may or may not meet with your partner's approval，but this is necessary in order to rebuild trust in your relationship.
Work on creating trust with one another at all times. （5）　 　 Consider it your job to be open and trust worthy and work on it.The more time you give the relationship，the more opportunities you will have to show your trust and honesty.Be mindful of each other's efforts to be honest，and trust will build over time.
A.Tell the truth.
B.Ask questions.
C.Do what you say you are going to do.
D.It does not happen overnight and takes time.
E.Be willing to forgive each other and move on.
F.Without trust in your relationship，failure is sure to follow.
G.Let the other person know how you feel and what you are thinking.
14．Some people describe American society as a salad bowl while others think of it as a melting pot.In a bowl of salad，all the ingredients are mixed together. （1）　 　Together，however，the ingredients make up a unity.All the ingredients of a salad contribute to the finished product.They may be covered with the same dressing（调味酱），but the green vegetables，tomatoes and cooked corn can all be seen for what they are.
From this point of view，America is very much like a salad bowl where individual ethnic groups mix together，yet maintain their cultural uniqueness.People may work together during the day at similar jobs and in the same companies，but at night they may return to their ethnic groups where their own individual culture directs their way of life. （2）　 　Each ethnic group has its own special customs，language，food and traditions to protect and defend.This idea of the salad bowl is referred to as cultural diversity；that is，American society is a collection of various cultures living together in harmony within one country.
（3）　 　Here，society is like one large pot of soup.All cultural aspects are mixed together，sacrificing their original identity and keeping a bit of what they were to become a new reality.The longer the soup is cooked，the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve.In this sense，America can surely be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation.There are dozens of shared symbols. （4）　 　In such a culture，symbols like the flag and the nation's official song serve to break down the walls which separate ethnic groups.
Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot，America can be best described as a mixture of both. （5）　 　
A.Both are correct depending on one's point of view.
B.They never lose their shapes，colours or tastes.
C.This is why there is so much diversity within America.
D.In other words，America is a nation where there is unity in diversity.
E.Thus，one needs to abandon one's culture to be considered "American".
F.They serve to develop the various ethnic groups to create a new American culture.
G.The other theory，which is also used to describe American society，is the melting pot.
15．（2024 台州模拟） An old study in the advertising literature found that we're more likely to read advertisements for the products we have bought，even if they have proved to be "lemons"，or useless.This phenomenon also applies to our decision﹣making process.Humans sometimes make bad choices and stick with them despite negative consequences.（1）　 　 But in general bad choices have to do with acting out of emotion and not out of reason.Strong emotions can cloud our thinking and lead us down one rabbit hole after another.
Doubling down on a bad choice may also relate to our self﹣esteem and the ability to admit mistakes.Narcissists（自恋者）usually won't admit a mistake because it contradicts their self﹣image.But the fact is that many of us aren't narcissistic.（2）　 　 Even when trapped in a bad relationship，we may still stick with it，hoping things will eventually change for the better.
Resilience involves managing strong emotions and preventing them from fully dictating our decisions.Considering emotion is important.Enthusiasm for something can move us forward，but it can also block our vision.（3）　 　While relying solely on our "gut feeling" can be helpful，it works best when we use our head，integrating intuitive insights with logical thinking.
Doubling down is generally unwise.We need to acknowledge our errors and be willing to say we're sorry and apologize.（4）　 　 In fact，it's smarter than denying mistakes.By admitting them，we learn valuable lessons and promote personal growth.Recognizing when to cut our losses is crucial，allowing us to pursue new opportunities with confidence.（5）　 　
A．And we often struggle with this.
B．The reasons for that are complex.
C．Make our decisions with full passion.
D．There is nothing wrong with doing this.
E．So stop trying to make lemonade from bad lemons.
F．The more errors you make，the more you will learn.
G．We should consider what's right，not just what feels right.
期末专项培优 信息匹配
参考答案与试题解析
一．信息匹配（共15小题）
1．（2022 南京模拟）Many people think of sharks as dangerous monsters.But human beings cause a far greater danger to them than they do to us.Although shark attacks do occur，they are quite rare.According to one estimate，however，humans kill 100 million sharks every year.（1）　G　
Why should we save the sharks？
Sharks take up the top position on the food chain in the ocean.As sharks die off，the population of the animals that sharks consume will increase.This，in turn，means that the number of the creatures those animals eat will drop.（2）　F　 Fish that eat algae（藻类）are also included.This can cause algae to spread so much that it damages coral reefs.
（3）　D　 The ocean not only produces more oxygen than all the rainforests on Earth combined，but also removes half of the man﹣made greenhouse gas from the atmosphere.Once sharks die off，the global ecosystem will be upset，affecting all creatures including human beings.
Don't use shark products
First，vitamin energy drinks and leather goods can be made from shark parts.（4）　B　 In addition，shark meat is sold around the world，sometimes under misleading names such as rock salmon or white fish.
Shark fin soup is a popular dish.However，the process of getting fins is cruel.Fishermen cut the shark's fins off and then throw the shark back into the water，still alive.（5）　C　 Sharks breathe by swimming，so shark that can't swim will die.
A.It is time for children to learn about sharks.
B.Shark oil is also used in many popular beauty products.
C.Then the shark dies slowly，sometimes over several days.
D.Actually，the killing of sharks will affect the whole planet.
E.People in some countries are especially keen on shark products.
F.Among them are some sea fish that humans consume every day.
G.This number is a warning that many kinds of sharks may die out.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述为什么要保护鲨鱼以及如何保护鲨鱼。
【解答】（1）G.细节理解题。根据上文Although shark attacks do occur，they are quite rare.According to one estimate，however，humans kill 100 million sharks every year.（虽然鲨鱼袭击事件确实发生，但却非常罕见，然而，据估计，人类每年杀死1亿只鲨鱼。）可知，人类每年杀死1亿只鲨鱼，下文"Why should we save the sharks？（为什么我们应该保护鲨鱼。）提到我们应该保护鲨鱼，所以G选项This number is a warning that many kinds of sharks may die out."这个数字是一个警告，许多种类的鲨鱼可能会灭绝"符合语境，G项中"This number"指代上文的"100 million"，故选G项。
（2）F.语境衔接题。上文As sharks die off，the population of the animals that sharks consume will increase.This，in turn，means that the number of the creatures those animals eat will drop.（随着鲨鱼的死亡，鲨鱼所食用的动物的数量将会增加。反过来，这就意味着这些动物吃的生物数量会减少。）提到鲨鱼数量减少会使其引以为食的动物数量增加，这些动物引以为食的生物数量就会减少，结合下文"Fish that eat algae （藻类） are also included.（吃藻类的鱼也包括在内）"中的also可知，空处应是提到数量减少的生物包括哪些，F项Among them are some sea fish that humans consume every day."其中有一些是人类每天食用的海鱼"符合语境，F项中的"them"指代上文的"the creatures"，故选F项。
（3）D.段落主旨题。根据下文The ocean not only produces more oxygen than all the rainforests on Earth combined，but also removes half of the man﹣made greenhouse gas from the atmosphere.Once sharks die off，the global ecosystem will be upset，affecting all creatures including human beings.（海洋不仅产生的氧气比地球上所有热带雨林的总和还要多，而且还从大气中消除了一半的人为温室气体。一旦鲨鱼灭绝，全球生态系统将被破坏，影响到包括人类在内的所有生物。）可知，本段是讲述鲨鱼数量减少对全球的影响，D项Actually，the killing of sharks will affect the whole planet."事实上，捕杀鲨鱼会影响到整个地球"统领本段，符合语境。故选D项。
（4）B.推理判断题。根据上文First，vitamin energy drinks and leather goods can be made from shark parts.（首先，鲨鱼的部分可以制成维生素能量饮料和皮革制品）"及下文"In addition，shark meat is sold around the world，sometimes under misleading names such as rock salmon or white fish.（此外，鲨鱼肉在世界各地销售，有时会被冠以误导性的名字，如岩鲑或白鱼。）可知，本段是描述鲨鱼制品，B项Shark oil is also used in many popular beauty products."鲨鱼油也被用于许多流行的美容产品中"符合语境，故选B项。
（5）C.语境衔接题。根据上文Fishermen cut the shark's fins off and then throw the shark back into the water，still alive.（渔民割下鲨鱼的鱼鳍，然后把还活着的鲨鱼扔回水中。）可知，被割掉鱼鳍的鲨鱼被扔回海里，再结合下文Sharks breathe by swimming，so a shark that can't swim will die.（鲨鱼通过游泳呼吸，所以不会游泳的鲨鱼会死亡。）可知，没有鱼鳍的鲨鱼不会游泳，所以几天就会死亡，C项Then the shark dies slowly，sometimes over several days.
"然后鲨鱼慢慢死去，有时会持续几天"符合语境，故选C项。
【点评】考查选句填空。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合前后语句及选项做出正确的选择。
2．（2018秋 西夏区校级月考）How to improve self﹣control Self﹣control helps us in fighting temptations（诱惑 ）The tips listed below will tell you how you can improve your self﹣control.
Be a Fighter
The first thing you need to know is you are a fighter and that you can fight absolutely anything.There is nothing in this world that a human mind cannot do if it decides to do so. （1）　F　
Know the Strength of Willpower
Your willpower is your biggest strength. （2）　B　There are many exercises that will help you strengthen your willpower.A strong willpower will help you stay away from what you know is wrong for you.
Say Goodbye to Pessimism
If you are a pessimist by nature，your self﹣control will work for you in the opposite direction.You will find yourself losing the battle even before you fight it.You need to understand that you can take up any challenge，however strong it is.Pessimism is like a virus. （3）　E　
Find"Good""Company
If you are trying to get rid of an addiction，find other people in your friends who would want to do the same or who might provide you with the much﹣needed motivation. （4）　D　
Now that you know how to improve self﹣control，you can start applying these mind control tips in your daily life. （5）　A　Keep at it and you might just notice some amazing changes in respect of your control over yourself.
A.The key is not to give up.
B.Therefore，you need to train it properly.
C.Some people just can't stay away from those wrong things.
D.This way，indirectly，you will be improving your self﹣control.
E.It'll keep on growing inside your mind unless you put a stop to it.
F.You just need to be a great fighter when you fight against certain issues.
G.It is these temptations that challenge our determination to do something.
【答案】FBEDA
【分析】本文是一篇选句填空阅读，主要讲述了自我控制有助于我们对抗诱惑。作者列出的技巧将告诉你如何提高自我控制能力。
【解答】（1）F.文章衔接题。根据前文There is nothing in this world that a human mind cannot do if it decides to do so.（这个世界上没有什么事情是人类的头脑决定要做的时候所不能做的。）此处承接上文，讲的还是关于斗士的话题，F项：You just need to be a great fighter when you fight against certain issues.（当你与某些问题斗争时，你只需要成为一个伟大的斗士。）符合语境。故选F。
（2）B.联系下文题。根据后文There are many exercises that will help you strengthen your will power.（有很多练习可以帮助你增强意志力。）因此此处是说要通过训练来增强意志力，B项：Therefore，you need to train it properly.（因此，你需要对它进行适当的训练。）符合语境。故选B。
（3）E.理解判断题。根据前文Pessimism is like a virus.（悲观主义就像病毒。）因此此处应该会提到病毒的特征，E项：It'll keep on growing inside your mind unless you put a stop to it.（除非你阻止它，否则它会一直在你的脑海里生长。）符合语境。故选E。
（4）D.逻辑推理题。根据前文If you are trying to get rid of an addiction，find other people in your friends who would want to do the same or who might provide you with the much﹣needed motivation.（如果你想戒掉毒瘾，在你的朋友中找到其他想戒掉毒瘾或可能给你提供急需动力的人。）此处总结上文，讲的是这样做的好处，D项：This way，indirectly，you will be improving your self﹣control.（这样，间接地，你会提高你的自控能力。）符合语境。故选D。
（5）A.语境辨析题。根据后文Keep at it and you might just notice some amazing changes in respect of your control over yourself.（坚持下去，你可能会注意到你对自己的控制力发生了一些惊人的变化。）因此此处强调坚持的意义，A项：The key is not to give up.（关键是不要放弃。）符合语境。故选A。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
3．（2022春 甘州区校级期中）China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years.（1）　B　Each species on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem.
In recent decades，a series of wildlife protection movements have been carried out by the central government.（2）　G　The giant panda and the crested ibis（朱鹮）are among these success stories.
The giant panda used to have a population of1，114 in the 1970s.It now totals 1，864 thanks to 52 protection areas.（3）　E　 By the end of 2018，seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild.（4）　A　In 1981，seven crested ibises were found in Yangxian county，Shaanxi Province.Since then，breeding programs have helped the population reach 2，000.
China has even sent crested ibises to Japan and South Korea in recent years to help with the species' survival.
（5）　C　Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection，including making the lists of wild animals and plants under state protection，and also fighting against illegal wildlife trade.
A.Another species was once thought to be almost extinct.
B.Protecting wildlife is，without doubt，an important part.
C.China will continue its efforts at the wildlife protection.
D.People call for immediate protection of the remaining species.
E.Scientists have worked to feed pandas and then release them into the wild.
F.As environmental damage has increased，signs of change have appeared around the world.
G.Several species in danger of extinction have made impressive progress thanks to the methods.
【答案】BGEAC
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在过去的70年中，中国在环境保护，特别是野生动物保护方面取得的成就。
【解答】（1）B.推理判断题。根据前句China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years（在过去的70年中，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大的进步）；以及后句Each species on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem（地球上的每一个物种在生态系统中扮演着重要角色），可知表示"毫无疑问，保护野生动物是一个重要部分"的选项B可以起到承上启下的作用，故选B。
（2）G.推理判断题。根据前句 In recent decades，a series of wildlife protection movements have been carried out by the central government（近几十年来，中央政府开展了一系列野生动物保护运动），可知表示"由于这些方法，一些濒临灭绝的物种取得了令人瞩目的进展"的选项G符合前后的语境，a series of wildlife protection movements是关键词，故选G。
（3）E.推理判断题。根据后句By the end of 2018，seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild（截至2018年底，获释的9只大熊猫中有7只在野外存活），可知表示"科学家们一直致力于喂养大熊猫，然后将它们放归野外"的选项E符合前后的语境，had survived in the wild是关键词，故选E。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据上一段末The giant panda and the crested ibis（朱鹮）are among these success stories（大熊猫和朱鹮这些都是成功的事例）；以及后句In 1981，seven crested ibises were found in Yangxian county，Shaanxi Province（1981年在陕西省洋县发现7只朱鹮），可知表示"另一个物种曾一度被认为几乎灭绝"的选项A符合前后的结构呼应，故选A。
（5）C.主题归纳题。根据后句Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection，including making the lists of wild animals and plants under state protection，and also fighting against illegal wildlife trade（ 将继续实施关键项目以改善保护，包括将野生动植物列入国家保护名单，并打击非法野生动物贸易），可知表示"中国将继续努力保护野生动物"的选项C符合前后的本段的主题，故选C。
【点评】选句填空是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
4．
Things You Should Stop Doing to Be Successful
Are you a happy person？How often do you think of reasons why everyone around you is successful though they are not better than you in general？What do you do wrong？Here are some things you should stop doing to be successful.
1. （1）　B　
Different people may explain "success" in different ways：some of them measure it in money；other ones in positive changes to people around them and the world. （2）　F　Don't worry about what other people think but come after what makes you happy.
2.Do not believe anything without questioning it.
（3）　C　They are critical thinkers，and they understand that we all are ruled by our prejudices（偏见），so they will always question new information.
3.Do not worry about all unpredictable things that may happen to you.
If you want to be successful，stop thinking about everything that MAY happen to you.（4）　E　Be ready to improve and change your deeds and decisions when things suddenly don't go according to your plan.
4.Do not care about what other people think of you.
As far as we all know，it's impossible to please all the people who surround us.Your attempts to become "good" for everyone will turn into nothing but new worries，stresses，and problems.（5）　D　But they worry about their quality and focus on developing friendships with people they really care about.
A.Do not wait for the "right time" to do anything.
B.Do not let others decide what "success" is for you.
C.Successful people do not just accept any new information to be true.
D.Successful people do not concentrate on the quantity of people to please.
E.Try to feel comfortable with the reality and accept the fact that your future can't be predicted.
F.If you want to be successful，do not let others force their explanation of success on you.
G.Successful people never ignore or avoid problems，no matter how big and awful they seem.
【答案】BFCED
【分析】本文是说明文，介绍为了成功你应该停止做的事情。包括：不要不加质疑地相信任何事情；不要担心所有不可预知的事情会发生在你身上；不要在意别人怎么看你以及不要让别人决定你的"成功"是什么。
【解答】（1）B.主旨判断题。根据后句Different people may interpret "success" in different ways：some of them measure it in money，other ones﹣in positive changes to people around them and the world in general表示"不同的人可能会用不同的方式来解释成功：他们中的一些人用金钱来衡量成功，另一些人则用对周围人和整个世界的积极改变来衡量成功"，可知表示"不要让别人决定你的成功是什么"的选项B符合本段的主题，故选B.
（2）F.推理判断题。根据后句Don't worry about what other people think but come after what makes you happy表示"不要担心别人怎么想，而要追求让你快乐的东西"，可知表示"如果你想成功，不要让别人把他们对成功的解释强加给你"的选项F符合前后的递进关系，故选F.
（3）C.细节理解题。根据后句They are critical thinkers，and they understand that we all are ruled by our prejudices，so they will always question new information表示"他们是批判性的思考者，他们明白我们都受偏见的支配，所以他们总是质疑新的信息"，可知表示"成功的人不只是接受任何新的信息是真实的"的选项C符合前后的语境，critical和question是关键词，故选C.
（4）E.细节理解题。根据前句If you want to be successful，stop thinking about everything that MAY happen to you表示"如果你想成功，就不要再去想任何可能发生在你身上的事情"，可知表示"试着对现实感到舒服，接受你的未来无法预测的事实"的选项G符合前后的语境，MAY happen是关键词，故选E.
（5）D.细节理解题。根据后句But they worry about their quality and focus on developing friendships with people they really care about.表示"但他们担心那些人的素质，并专注于发展与他们真正关心的人的友谊。"可知表示"成功的人不会专注于取悦的人的数量。"的选项符合前后语境，quality和 focus on是关键词，故选D.
【点评】做此类题目时最重要的是要读懂空后前后的句子，正确理解了这些句子之后，根据意思的连贯性、逻辑性从选项中选取正确的答案。同时要注意从词汇上锁定线索，利用线索词进一步确认答案。
5．（1）　A　 Friendships between Americans can be close and real，yet disappear soon if situations change.Neither side feels hurt by this.Both may exchange New Year greetings for a year or two，perhaps a few letters for a while ﹣ then no more. （2）　G　This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand，because friendships between us develop more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings，extending sometimes deeply into both families.
Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes，and share their holidays and their home life.They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality （好客） easily.
There is another difficult point for us Chinese to understand. （3）　E　.This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time.Sometimes，we，as hosts，will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. （4）　B　The Americans，however，express their welcome usually at homes，but truly cannot manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine.They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus.And they expect that we will phone them from there. （5）　D　 We will find ourselves treated hospitably.
For the Americans，it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants，except for business matters.So accept their hospitality at home!
A.America is a mobile society.
B.We may take days off to act as guides for our foreign friends.
C.Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.
D.Once we arrive at their homes，the welcome will be full，warm and real.
E.Americans don't show their politeness if it requires a great deal of time.
F.Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families.
G.If the same two people meet again by chance，even years later，they pick up the friendship.
【答案】AGEBD
【分析】本文主要讨论的中国人和美国人对待友谊和朋友方面的差异.美国人的友谊，来得快去得快，还有美国人的好客之道。
【解答】（1）A.推理判断题。根据下文的句子"Friendships between Americans can be close and real，yet disappear soon if situations change. "可知美国人之间的友谊可以亲密而真实，但如果情况改变，友谊很快就会消失.。A项America is a mobile society."美国是一个移动的社会"符合文意，故答案为A.
（2）G.语境辨析题。根据上文的句子"Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two，perhaps a few letters for a while﹣then no more."可知两人都可能交换一两年的圣诞问候，也许是暂时的几封信，然后就不会了。G项If the same two people meet again by chance，even years later，they pick up the friendship.如果同样的两个人偶然再次相遇，即使多年以后，他们也会重新建立友谊。符合文意，故答案为G.
（3）E.推理判断题。根据下文的句子"This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. "可知这通常与我们国家的做法相反，在这个国家我们可能会慷慨解囊。这里是说：如果需要很多时间，他们不会表示他们的友谊（Americans don't show their politeness if it requires a great deal of time） .因此E项符合上下文逻辑关系，故答案为E.
（4）B.文章衔接题。根据上文的句子"Sometimes，We，as hosts，will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend"可知有时，作为东道主，我们甚至会在半夜出现在机场接朋友。这里是说：我们会请假给外国的朋友做导游（We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends） .故答案为B.
（5）D.推理判断题.根据下文的句子"For the Americans，it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants， "可知对美国人来说，除了商务之外，邀请朋友到他们家通常被认为比去餐馆更友好。D项：Once we arrive at their homes，the welcome will be full，warm and real.一旦我们到达他们的家，欢迎将是充分的，温暖的和真实的.符合文意，故答案为D.
【点评】考查七选五选句填空。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合前后语句及选项做出正确的选择。
6．（2022秋 怀柔区期末）
How old is "old"？
How old is "old"？（1）　C　 More than two hundred years ago，you were old at 35.That was the average life then.At the turn of the 20th century，as medical knowledge advanced，the average life span（长度） increased to 45.In 1950，70﹣year﹣olds were really old.Today，a healthy 70﹣year﹣old is looking forward to many more active years.
So，how old is old？The answer is one you've heard many times，from all sorts of people. "You are as old or young as you feel!" The calendar（日历）simply tells you how many years you have lived.（2）　D　
Once an unknown author wrote，"Youth is not a time of life but it is a state of mind.Nobody grows old by living a number of years.（3）　F　"
（4）　A　 Alice Brophy，when she was with the New York City commission for the Aging，said，"It upsets me when people say，'Gee，you look young for your age!' What does that mean？Is there some model that you're supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85？You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80."
There are many wrong ideas about aging.（5）　G　 Here are some of the more common ones.For example，most older people are in poor health，or older people are unable to change.
A.Old is a point of view.
B.It's extremely terrible to be grown old.
C.The answer has changed over the years.
D.Your body tells you how well you've lived.
E.Older people are stubborn，unable to change.
F.People grow old by giving up their goals.
G.These ideas stereotype（固化）people on the basis of age.
【答案】CDFAG
【分析】本文讲述了到底几岁才算是老年人，后来总结出心态比实际年龄更重要这一观点。
【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据后文"That was the average life then.At the turn of the 20th century，as medical knowledge advanced，the average life span（长度） increased to 45.In 1950，70﹣year﹣olds were really old.Today，a healthy 70﹣year﹣old is looking forward to many more active years.（在20世纪之交，随着医学知识的发展，平均寿命增加到了45岁。1950年70岁的人都很老了，今天，一个健康的70岁的人，期待着更多的活力。成功中获得灵感。）"比较不同时代对于老的不同的定义，可知，选项"C.The answer has changed over the years.多年来答案已经改变了。"符合语境。故选C。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据前文"You are as old or young as you feel!" The calendar（日历）simply tells you how many years you have lived.（你的年龄和你的感觉一样!"日历只是告诉你你已经活了多少年。）"可知，表示你觉得自己老了（或年轻）了"，选项"D.Your body tells you how well you've lived.你的身体告诉你，你生活得有多好。"符合语境。故选D。
（3）F.细节理解题。根据前文"Youth is not a time of life but it is a state of mind.Nobody grows old by living a number of years.（青春不是人生的一个阶段，而是一种心态。没有人会因为活了几年而变老，）"可知，选项"F.People grow old by giving up their goals.人会因为放弃目标而变老。"符合语境。故选F。
（4）A.主旨大意题。根据本段后文"Alice Brophy，when she was with the New York City commission for the Aging，said，"It upsets me when people say，'Gee，you look young for your age!' What does that mean？Is there some model that you're supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85？You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80."（当 alice brophy 在纽约市老龄化委员会工作时，她说"当人们说"天哪，你看起来比你这个年纪还年轻的时候，我很不爽!"那是什么意思？有没有什么模特，在65岁75岁85岁的时候，看起来应该是特定的样子？你知道你可以在30岁老死，在80岁活得更年轻。"）可知，作者通过举例子来证明人们对于老的看法，因此选项"A.Old is a point of view.老是一种观点。"符合语境。故选A。
（5）G.细节理解题。根据前文"There are many wrong ideas about aging.（关于老龄化有许多错误的看法，）"可知，选项"G.These ideas stereotype（固化）people on the basis of age.这些观念固化了年龄给人的印象。"符合语境。故选G。
【点评】关于七选五的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
7．Most of us in China are used to paying for everything with our phones. （1）　F　At least，this was the case for Lim Swee Say from Singapore，who found his first experience with Chinese payment methods quite impressive.Lim was waiting in line to buy nuts at a street stall （货摊） in Shanghai and saw other customers show their phones and take the nuts without giving cash. （2）　D　It seems that Singapore falls behind in mobile payments.Some Chinese tourists find it inconvenient when they have to use cash in Singapore.
（3）　G　According to Xinhua News Agency，many countries now accept mobile payment services for Chinese tourists，with WeChat Pay covered in 13 overseas countries and regions and Alipay over 200.It's now common to see the familiar green or blue logos in tourist destinations around the world，from a tiny shop in the Scottish Highlands to a huge department store in New York.
Mobile payments are now a normal part of life in China，and the trend is sweeping other nations.According to Forrester Research，in America，mobile payments rose by 37 per cent in 2016. （4）　E　This may be partly because western mobile payment services require businesses to install expensive equipment before customers can use them. （5）　C　
A.He was trying to figure out how they got paid.
B.Foreign tourists don't like to pay with their mobile phones.
C.But in China，all it takes is a QR code （二维码） and a phone.
D.Soon after，he realised that the customers were using WeChat Pay.
E.Still，Chinese mobile payments were nearly 50 times greater than those in the US.
F.But for foreign visitors who aren't familiar with this method，it may seem strange.
G.The popularity of Chinese mobile payments has pushed some foreign companies to accept them.
【答案】FDGEC
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了移动支付这一方式正在由中国席卷其他国家。
【解答】（1）F.信息提示题。根据前文Most of us in China are used to paying for everything with our phones"我们大多数中国人习惯用手机支付一切费用。"F项"但对于不熟悉这种方法的外国游客来说，这似乎有些奇怪。"从相反的方面阐述移动支付，与前文相互呼应。故选F项。
（2）D.逻辑关系题。根据前文Lim was waiting in line to buy nuts at a street stall （货摊） in Shanghai and saw other customers show their phones and take the nuts without giving cash. "林在上海一个街头摊位排队买坚果，看到其他顾客拿着手机，拿了坚果却不给现金。"D项"不久之后，他意识到顾客们正在使用微信支付。"承接上文，解释原因。故选D项。
（3）G.细节理解题。根据后文According to Xinhua News Agency，many countries now accept mobile payment services for Chinese tourists，with WeChat Pay covered in 13 overseas countries and regions and Alipay over 200"据新华社报道，目前许多国家接受中国游客的移动支付服务，微信支付覆盖13个海外国家和地区，支付宝覆盖200多个国家和地区。"G项"中国移动支付的普及推动了一些外国公司接受它们"为后文的总结，在此处合适。故选G项。
（4）E.逻辑关系题。根据前文According to Forrester Research，in America，mobile payments rose by 37 per cent in 2016. "根据Forrester Research的数据，在美国，移动支付在2016年增长了37%。"E项"尽管如此，中国的移动支付比美国高出近50倍。"前文提及美国的移动支付，后文接着对比阐述中国的移动支付。故选E项。
（5）C.逻辑关系题。根据前文This may be partly because western mobile payment services require businesses to install expensive equipment before customers can use them"这可能部分是因为西方移动支付服务要求企业在客户使用之前安装昂贵的设备。"C项"但在中国，只要一个二维码和一部手机。"与前文转折对比，解释中国移动支付普及的原因。故选C项。
【点评】"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。
8．（2023秋 墨玉县期中）Everybody gets stressed from time to time.（1）　E　 Some ways of dealing with stress，like screaming or hitting someone，don't solve much.But other ways，like talking to someone you trust，can lead you to solve your problem or at least feel better.
Try taking these four steps next time you are stressed：
Get support.When you need help，reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult，such as a parent or other relatives. （2）　C　 They might have had similar problems，such as dealing with a test，or the death of a beloved pet.
Don't take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves.Oh，dear，that's not a good idea.
Remember that there are always people to help you.Don't take it out on yourself.（3）　G　
Try to solve the problem.After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends，it's time to get down to business.（4）　D　 Even if you can't solve it completely，you can solve a part of it.
（5）　B　 Most stress is temporary.Remember stress doesn't go away，unless you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，you'll help yourself feel better even faster.Ah，it feels so good when the stress is gone.
These steps aren't magic，but they do work.
A.Be positive.
B.Then，find a way to calm down.
C.And don't forget about your friends.
D.You need to figure out what the problem is.
E.Different people feel stress in different ways.
F.Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.
G.Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
【答案】ECGDB
【分析】本文叙述了孩子们释放压力的四种方法。一是得到家人亲戚和朋友的帮助。二是不要在自己身上撒气。三是试图解决问题。四是保持乐观的态度。
【解答】（1）E.细节理解题。根据前文句子Everybody gets stressed from time to time 每个人都有压力，不同的人在不同的方面感觉有压力，E选项Different people get rid of stress in different ways.不同的人感受压力的方式不同，符合语境，故选E。
（2）C．推理判断题。根据前文句子Talk to a trusted adult，such as a parent or other relatives.前面提到了你可以和你父亲、母亲或亲戚，那么下文就该说朋友了，要和朋友说说话，讲出你的压力，故C选项And don't forget about your friends.别忘了你的朋友，符合语境，所以选择C。
（3）G．推理判断题。根据前文句子Don't take it out on yourself.不要和自己生气，不要把气向自己身上撒，要请求一个帮手来帮助你度过这个难关，G选项Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.请求帮助你渡过难关，符合语境，故选G。
（4）D．推理判断题。根据上文it's time to get down to business.及Even if you can't solve it all，you can solve a piece of it.到了你静下心来做事情的时间了，你需要了解你的问题所在，D选项You need to figure out what the problem is.你得找出问题所在，符合语境，故选D。
（5）B．推理判断题。根据下文And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，you'll help yourself feel better even faster.如果你再经历困苦的时候保持乐观的态度，你就会感觉好得多。等到压力消失的时候感觉就好了，B选项Then，find a way to calm down.然后，想办法冷静下来。符合，故选B。
【点评】七选五题型看似简单，实际上有时完全做对并不容易，需要方法和分析能力及足够的耐力，有必要进行专门练习。首先，快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置；其次，快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构，分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意；其三，注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词，七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项，会对文章中两个空的选择构成干扰，这时要特别细致地比对相似选项；最后，用代入法，检查答案是否合理，将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。
9．（2020 临沂一模）
Life in Death Valley
Death Valley is a huge place，extending more than 225 kilometers across the southern part of California into the neighboring state of Nevada．As beautiful as this place is，its name provides evidence of very real danger．
（1）　F　 It has nearly 1.4 million hectares of desert and mountains that reach more than 3，000 meters into the sky．Death Valley can be dangerously cold during the winter months．Storms in the mountains can cause sudden floods on the floor of the valley．But，during summer months，the air temperature has been as high as 57 degrees Celsius．（2）　E　The extreme heat of Death Valley has once killed people．
In many areas of Death Valley，it is easy to see where the ground has been pushed up violently by movement deep in the Earth．This has created unusual and beautiful rock formations，with colors of red，brown，gray，yellow and black．In other parts of Death Valley，there are lines in the rock．The lines are evidence of the past presence of water．（3）　G　．
Much of Death Valley is flat and extremely dry．In some areas the ground is nothing but salt．However，it would be wrong to think that nothing lives in Death Valley．（4）　A　Wildflowers grow very quickly after even a small amount of rain．Several kinds of birds live in Death Valley．Visitors might see the dog﹣like animal called the coyote，or wild bighorn sheep，or other animals like the desert tortoise．
Throughout history，Native Americans found ways to survive in Death Valley．Rock art and other remains show that humans lived in the valley as far back as 9，000 years ago．Nowadays，more than one million people visit it each year．（5）　C　The sun slowly turns the valley a gold color that deepens to a soft brown，then changes to a dark red．As night comes，the mountains turn a dark purple color，then black．
A．The valley is full of life．
B．The setting sun is visitors' favorite．
C．Images here seem to change each minute．
D．Death Valley，is a place of strange and silent beauty．
E．Death Valley doesn't forgive those who are not careful．
F．Death Valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes．
G．The area was deep under an ocean for many thousands of years．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文介绍了死亡谷名字的由来，以及它的危险．
【解答】（1）F．推理判断题．本句起承上启下的作用，上文的：As beautiful as this place is，its name provides evidence of very real danger．尽管这个地方很美，但它的名字却提供了非常真实危险的证据．下文中的：The extreme heat of Death Valley has once killed people．死亡谷的酷热曾经害死过人．可知此处为：F选项：死亡谷是一个美丽而危险的极端地区．故选F．
（2）E．推理判断题．根据下文：The extreme heat of Death Valley has once killed people．死亡谷的酷热曾经害死过人．E选项：死亡谷不饶恕那些不小心的人，相符合，故选E．
（3）G．推理判断题．根据上文：The lines are evidence of the past presence of water．这些线条是过去水存在的证据．可知G选项：这个地区在海洋深处已经有几千年了．相符合，故选G．
（4）A．推理判断题．根据下文：Wildflowers grow very quickly after even a small amount of rain．Several kinds of birds live in Death Valley．Visitors might see the dog﹣like animal called the coyote，or wild bighorn sheep，or other animals like the desert tortoise．即使下了少量的雨，野花也长得很快．死亡谷里生活着几种鸟类．游客可能会看到狗﹣﹣﹣被称为郊狼的动物，或野生大角羊，或其他动物，如沙漠龟．可知都是有生命的生物．所以A选项：死亡谷里充满了生命．相符合，故选A．
（5）C．推理判断题．根据下文：The sun slowly turns the valley a gold color that deepens to a soft brown，then changes to a dark red．As night comes，the mountains turn a dark purple color，then black．太阳慢慢地把死亡谷变成了一种金色，并逐渐加深为柔和的棕色，然后变成深红色．当夜晚来临时，山脉变成深紫色，然后是黑色．可知C选项：这里的图象似乎每分钟都在变．相符合，故选C．
【点评】关于七选五的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置．通常有三个四个位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾．不同位置的句子有不同的特征．
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构．
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意．
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词．
步骤五：区分相似项．
10．In the most basic sense，self﹣regulation（自我调节）involves controlling one's behavior and thoughts in pursuit（追求）of long﹣term goals.Generally，people who are good at self﹣regulation tend to see the good in others and view challenges as opportunities.They exactly know what they want to achieve，act in accordance with their views，and devote their best effort. （1）　G　
（2）　D　A bad﹣tempered child who hits others won't be popular at school.An adult with poor self﹣regulation skills may lack self﹣confidence.He may have difficulty handling stress，and often，this might be expressed in terms of anger and anxiety.
How do problems with self﹣regulation develop？It could start early when a baby isn't treated with enough care.（3）　C　Later，an adult may struggle with self﹣regulation，either because this ability wasn't developed during childhood，or because of a lack of skill in managing difficult feelings.When left unchecked，over time this could lead to risky behavior such as taking drugs.
（4）　E　One of the most frequently used methods is to change your thought patterns，which means that you think about a situation in a positive way，rather than one that's likely to increase negative emotions. （5）　F　Rather than thinking that this reflects something about yourself such as "My friend hates me"，you might instead think， "My friend must be really busy".
A.Try to cheer yourself up after disappointment.
B.Do the usual series of things at a particular time.
C.A child who doesn't feel safe may have trouble self﹣regulating.
D.A lack of self﹣regulation will cause problems in life.
E.Anyhow，self﹣regulation is so important that we should learn to use this skill.
F.For example，imagin