期末专项培优 固定搭配和句型
一.翻译题(共20小题)
1.从大学获益最多的学生是那些充分利用大学的机会和资源完全参与学习生活的人。
2.虽然他酗酒是实情,但凯莉仍然爱着她丈夫。(In spite of+n.+从句)
Kelly still loved her husband .
3.(2023春 连江县期中)购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物。
4.真遗憾,星期六晚上我不能和你一起去看电影了。(it作形式主语)
5.我在这种事情上的技能可能会对我有所帮助。
6.是在那个农场我第一次见到那个女孩。(强调句型)
7.在他出发前往美国之前,他就已经将他的财产和我爸爸的财产挥霍一空。
8.重要的不是你说什么,而是你做什么。
9.我母亲总是很坚决,一旦她做出了决定,她就不会改变主意。(determined)
10.婚礼宴会持续了几个小时.人们自始至终边唱边跳,沉浸在欢乐的气氛中.(wedding,joyful,atmosphere)
11.虽然林巧稚终身未婚,但是她被称为"万婴之母",她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。
.
12.在去往Jersey的船上,我们见到了一个为乘客剥牡蛎的老人。
13.据声称,若商品有损坏你可以(索要)退钱。(It's claimed that.....;claim.....back;damage)
14.他在一家事务所工作以谋生。
15.中秋节是中国的传统节日,实际上是家人团聚的日子。
16.是她的善良打动了(move)我们。
17.走了这么长的路,那位老太太现在肯定累了。(must)
18.在今天的信息化时代,丢失数据可能会给公司造成严重的问题。
19.有规律地锻炼对身体很有益。(regular)
20.他认为改善工人的居住状况是他的责任。
参考答案与试题解析
一.翻译题(共20小题)
1.从大学获益最多的学生是那些充分利用大学的机会和资源完全参与学习生活的人。 The students benefiting most from college are those who re taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources and totally engaged in academic life.
【答案】The students benefiting most from college are those who re taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources and totally engaged in academic life.
【分析】从大学获益最多的学生是那些充分利用大学的机会和资源完全参与学习生活的人。
【解答】本句是主从复合句。句子陈述的是一般事实,故用一般现在时;主句是"从大学获益最多的学生是那些人",译为The students benefiting most from college are those,benefiting most from college意为"从大学获益最多的",现在分词作后置定语,修饰名词the students;从句是"那些充分利用大学的机会和资源完全参与学习生活的人",译为who re taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources and totally engaged in academic life,who引导定语从句,修饰代词those,在从句中作主语,take full advantage of意为"充分利用",be totally engaged in意为"完全参与"。
故填:The students benefiting most from college are those who re taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources and totally engaged in academic life.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
2.虽然他酗酒是实情,但凯莉仍然爱着她丈夫。(In spite of+n.+从句)
Kelly still loved her husband in spite of the fact that he drank too much .
【答案】in spite of the fact that he drank too much
【分析】虽然他酗酒是实情,但凯莉仍然爱着她丈夫。
【解答】根据题意,"虽然"可以翻译成"in spite of";"酗酒"可以翻译成"drank too much";"实情"可以翻译成"fact";其中that用来引导同位语从句,做名词fact的同位语。
故填:in spite of the fact that he drank too much。
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
3.(2023春 连江县期中)购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物。 Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.
【答案】Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.
【分析】购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物。
【解答】答案:Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.make it easier to do表示"使某件事更容易",it作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正的宾语;spend...on...表示"在...上面花费"。
故答案为Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones。
【点评】对于汉译英这种题,要分析句子意思,再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
4.真遗憾,星期六晚上我不能和你一起去看电影了。(it作形式主语)
It's a pity that I can't go to the cinema with you on Saturday night.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】真遗憾,星期六晚上我不能和你一起去看电影了。
【解答】答案:It's a pity that I can't go to the cinema with you on Saturday night.根据题意,"真遗憾"可以翻译成"It's a pity that ";"看电影"可以翻译成"go to the cinema ";"星期六晚上"可以翻译成"on Saturday night"。故填It's a pity that I can't go to the cinema with you on Saturday night.
【点评】本题考查了学生汉译英的能力。在英语句子汉译英的翻译的过程中,要注意重点词组的翻译和基本表达,在翻译成英文的过程中,要注意英语的句式和中文句式之间的区别,要兼顾到英语句子的逻辑和习惯,切勿翻译成中式英语。
5.我在这种事情上的技能可能会对我有所帮助。 My skill in such matters might be to my advantage.
【答案】My skill in such matters might be to my advantage.
【分析】我在这种事情上的技能可能会对我有所帮助。
【解答】根据句意,主语是"我在这种事情上的技能",译为my skill in such matters,in such matters介词短语作后置定语,修饰名词my skill;谓语动词是"可能会",译为might be,might是情态动词,后接动词原形;表语是"对我有所帮助",译为to my advantage,to one's advantage意为"对某人有利;有利于",故句子译为My skill in such matters might be to my advantage。
故填:My skill in such matters might be to my advantage.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
6.是在那个农场我第一次见到那个女孩。(强调句型) It was on that farm that I saw the girl for the first time.
【答案】It was on that farm that I saw the girl for the first time.
【分析】是在那个农场我第一次见到那个女孩。
【解答】答案:It was on that farm that I saw the girl for the first time.此处用强调句,其基本结构为it is/was +被强调部分+that+句子其他成分;结合句意可知,此处在讲述过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时;on that farm作地点状语,表示"在那个农场";for the first time表示"第一次"。
故答案为It was on that farm that I saw the girl for the first time。
【点评】对于汉译英这种题,要分析句子意思,再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
7.在他出发前往美国之前,他就已经将他的财产和我爸爸的财产挥霍一空。 He had squandered both his inheritance and my father's,before setting forth for America.
【答案】He had squandered both his inheritance and my father's,before setting forth for America.
【分析】在他出发前往美国之前,他就已经将他的财产和我爸爸的财产挥霍一空。
【解答】1.根据语境要用过去完成时;2.set forth for出发前往,介词before后接动词时用动名词形式;3.both his inheritance and my father's他的财产和我爸爸的财产。
故填:He had squandered both his inheritance and my father's,before setting forth for America.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
8.重要的不是你说什么,而是你做什么。 It is not what you say but what you do that matters.
【答案】It is not what you say but what you do that matters.
【分析】重要的不是你说什么,而是你做什么。
【解答】答案:It is not what you say but what you do that matters.句中含有强调句型"It is...that...",被强调部分是主语,what引导的两个并列的主语从句。故填It is not what you say but what you do that matters.
【点评】汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词、短语或者固定句型,按照适当的语序来翻译。
9.我母亲总是很坚决,一旦她做出了决定,她就不会改变主意。(determined) My mother is always determined and will never change her mind once she has made her decision.
【答案】My mother is always determined and will never change her mind once she has made her decision.
【分析】我母亲总是很坚决,一旦她做出了决定,她就不会改变主意。
【解答】根据句意,"很坚决"其英文是be always determined ,本句讲述的是母亲的特征,应使用一般现在时is always determined。"改变主意"其英文是change one's mind ,"一旦她做出了决定"在句子中做时间状语,应翻译为once she has made her decision,主句"她就不会改变主意"应使用一般将来时will never change her mind。
故填:My mother is always determined and will never change her mind once she has made her decision.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
10.婚礼宴会持续了几个小时.人们自始至终边唱边跳,沉浸在欢乐的气氛中.(wedding,joyful,atmosphere) The wedding party lasted several hours where people sang and danced throughout in a joyful atmosphere.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】婚礼宴会持续了几个小时.人们自始至终边唱边跳,沉浸在欢乐的气氛中.
【解答】答案:The wedding party lasted several hours where people sang and danced throughout in a joyful atmosphere.
本句为复合句,用一般过去时叙述过去发生的事情.主句中,主语是"婚宴",英语表达是The wedding party,谓语动词"持续"lasted,不及物动词,几个小时several hours.The wedding party作先行词,表达地点,定语从句由where引导,从句中主语是"人们"People,谓语"边唱边跳" sang and danced,"自始至终"throughout,沉浸在欢乐的气氛中 in a joyful atmosphere.
故填The wedding party lasted several hours where people sang and danced throughout in a joyful atmosphere.
【点评】汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词、短语以及句式,按照适当的语序来翻译.
11.虽然林巧稚终身未婚,但是她被称为"万婴之母",她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。
Though Lin Qiaozhi never married,she was known as the "mother of ten thousand babies",having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. .
【答案】Though Lin Qiaozhi never married,she was known as the "mother of ten thousand babies",having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.
【分析】虽然林巧稚终身未婚,但是她被称为"万婴之母",她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。
【解答】答案:Though Lin Qiaozhi never married,she was known as the "mother of ten thousand babies",having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.though表示"虽然",引导让步状语从句,marry表示"结婚";be known as表示"被称为...";mother of ten thousand babies表示"万婴之母";deliver表示"接生",分析句子可知,此处用现在分词形式having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime表示"接生的婴儿有五万多名"作状语。
故答案为Though Lin Qiaozhi never married,she was known as the "mother of ten thousand babies",having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.
【点评】对于这种题型,要分析句子意思,再从结构和意义上对答案进行确定。
12.在去往Jersey的船上,我们见到了一个为乘客剥牡蛎的老人。 On the ship bound for Jersey,we saw an old man shucking oysters for passengers.
【答案】On the ship bound for Jersey,we saw an old man shucking oysters for passengers.
【分析】在去往Jersey的船上,我们见到了一个为乘客剥牡蛎的老人。
【解答】根据句意,句子应用一般过去时。"在去往Jersey的船上"译为on the ship bound for Jersey;"看见某人正在做某事"译为see sb.doing sth. " 剥牡蛎"译为shuck oysters;"我们见到了一个为乘客剥牡蛎的老人"译为we saw an old man shucking oysters for passengers。
故填:On the ship bound for Jersey,we saw an old man shucking oysters for passengers.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
13.据声称,若商品有损坏你可以(索要)退钱。(It's claimed that.....;claim.....back;damage) It's claimed that you can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.
【答案】It's claimed that you can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.
【分析】据声称,若商品有损坏你可以(索要)退钱。
【解答】"据声称"It's claimed that...,固定句型,其中It作形式主语,真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句,"(索要)退钱"claim your money back,"若商品有损坏"if the goods are damaged。
故填:It's claimed that you can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
14.他在一家事务所工作以谋生。 He works in a firm to earn a living.
【答案】He works in a firm to earn a living.
【分析】他在一家事务所工作以谋生。
【解答】根据句意可知是一般现在时,"在一家事务所"可以翻译成"in a firm";"谋生"可以翻译成"earn a living";其中主语为he,谓语动词work用第三人称单数形式,to do不定式表目的。
故填:He works in a firm to earn a living.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
15.中秋节是中国的传统节日,实际上是家人团聚的日子。 The Mid﹣Autumn Festival is a traditional festival of China,which is actually a day for family reunion.
【答案】The Mid﹣Autumn Festival is a traditional festival of China,which is actually a day for family reunion.
【分析】中秋节是中国的传统节日,实际上是家人团聚的日子。
【解答】1.因指的是一般事实,主从句都用一般现在时;2.which is actually a day for family reunion是非限制性定语从句修饰先行词festival;3.the Mid﹣Autumn Festival中秋节;family reunion家庭团聚。
故填:The Mid﹣Autumn Festival is a traditional festival of China,which is actually a day for family reunion.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
16.是她的善良打动了(move)我们。 It was her kindness that moved me.
【答案】It was her kindness that moved me.
【分析】是她的善良打动了(move)我们。
【解答】根据题意,"是……怎么样……"可以翻译成"it was+…+that…",此处是强调句的句型。"善良"可以翻译成"kindness";"打动"可以翻译成"move"。
故填:It was her kindness that moved me.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
17.走了这么长的路,那位老太太现在肯定累了。(must)
The old lady must be tired after the long walk now.
【答案】The old lady must be tired after the long walk now.
【分析】走了这么长的路,那位老太太现在肯定累了。
【解答】答案:The old lady must be tired after the long walk now.must表示"肯定猜测";tired表示"累的";after the long walk表示"走了这么长的路之后"。
故答案为The old lady must be tired after the long walk now.
【点评】对于这种题型,要分析句子意思,再从结构和意义上对答案进行确定。
18.在今天的信息化时代,丢失数据可能会给公司造成严重的问题。 In today's information age,the loss of data can cause serious problems for a company.
【答案】In today's information age,the loss of data can cause serious problems for a company.
【分析】在今天的信息化时代,丢失数据可能会给公司造成严重的问题。
【解答】答案:In today's information age,the loss of data can cause serious problems for a company.本句为简单句。根据时间状语"在今天的信息化时代"In today's information age可知,本句应用一般现在时,主语是"丢失数据"the loss of data,谓语动词是"造成"cause,宾语是"严重的问题"serious problems,"给公司"for a company.故译为In today's information age,the loss of data can cause serious problems for a company.
【点评】汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词、短语或者句式,按照适当的语序来翻译。
19.有规律地锻炼对身体很有益。(regular) Taking exercise regularly is of great benefit to our health.
【答案】Taking exercise regularly is of great benefit to our health.
【分析】有规律地锻炼对身体很有益。
【解答】1.因表示的是一般事实,要用一般现在时;2.Taking exercise regularly是动名词短语作主语;3.be+of+抽象名词,相当于be+该抽象名词的形容词形式,主要用来表示主语的性质。这一结构中的抽象名词前可用great,little,no,some,any,not much等修饰,以表示不同的程度,抽象名词常用importance,value,use等。
故填:Taking exercise regularly is of great benefit to our health.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
20.他认为改善工人的居住状况是他的责任。 He thought it his duty to improve the workers' living conditions.
【答案】He thought it his duty to improve the workers' living conditions.
【分析】他认为改善工人的居住状况是他的责任。
【解答】本句陈述的是过去的事,故用一般过去时。"认为"译为think,本句可用"think + it(形式宾语)+名词(宾补)+不定式"的结构,译为He thought it his duty to improve the workers' living conditions,it是形式宾语,his duty是宾补,to improve the workers' living conditions是真正的宾语,意为"改善工人的居住状况"。
故填:He thought it his duty to improve the workers' living conditions.
【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。
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