【高考押题卷】2025年高考英语考前预测卷 选词填空（含答案与解析）
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高考英语考前押题卷 选词填空
一．选词填空（共15小题）
1．
be set in ，can't help but，to the full ，on a daily basis ，arise from，result in，turn down，make the most of ，look back on，as opposed to
（1）The new year is around the corner，so it is time for us the past days and make plans to improve ourselves.
（2）He spares a few minutes for himself to reflect on what he has done .
（3）Research has shown that having a preference for junk food can obesity.
（4）I felt really disappointed that my proposal was by my parents.
（5）Seeing the abandoned car near the village，I wonder what had happened to it.
（6）The movie，which Shanghai ，will be released this month.
（7）Research shows that emotional or mental problems can a physical cause.
（8）Students are encouraged to their spare time to participate in social practice.
2．
weigh up，pass up，get back to，put off ，make up one's mind ，have second thoughts ，reject. . .out of hand ，apply to
（1）The reason why May is good at oral English is that she has never any opportunity to practise talking to native speakers.
（2）His suggestions were at the meeting，which made him extremely frustrated.
（3）I had planned to accept the post ，but when I got to know that the job was demanding，I began to about my choice.After the advantages and disadvantages of the job，I finally decided to take it.
3．
in reality，look back，close to，be engaged in，be composed of
（1）Because of the language barrier，it's very hard for them to my education.
（2） ，the people that surround you have a huge impact on your current mood.
（3）I can on things with a clear conscience.I did everything I could.
（4）We have had meaningful negotiations and I believe we are very a deal.
（5）It is said that the committee professors and engineers.
4．
be accustomed to，take off，cast a shadow on，set foot on，be aware of，be replaced by，tune in，on board
（1）Most of the students have getting up early after entering senior high school.
（2）When visiting another country，you should those differences and respect them.
（3）It is reported that everyone was helped out safe.
（4）When the delayed flight will depends much on the weather.
（5）It is believed that teachers will never computers in the classroom.
（6）As soon as they the island，they were greatly impressed with the rare plants.
（7）The news will be broadcast in five minutes.Let's to watch it.
（8）The judgement his future，so he felt angry and decided to appeal to a higher court.
5．
be replaced by，become accustomed to，take off，set foot on，tune in，reach for the stars，cast a shadow，one's heart in one's mouth
（1）In general I feel I Chinese way of life.
（2）No man has ever that rocky island；it's impossible to land there.
（3）She heard a terrible noise，which brought .
（4）The plane ，lost an engine as it climbed，and crashed just off the runway.
（5）More than six million youngsters to Blockbusters every day.
（6）If you want to ，why are you going to think about limits？
（7）The terrible accident on her later life.
（8）In 1936，the term ping﹣pong the term "table tennis".
6．
in the face of ，come one's way ，by contrast ，focus on，turn out，twists and turns，take a leaf out of one's book
（1） any difficulty ，we should keep calm and think positively.
（2）Life is full of and only those who are optimistic can get the pleasure from it.
（3）With the enthusiastic participation and support of all the students，the activity to be a great success.
（4）Accept the challenges that and turn them into life lessons.
（5）Your brother has been admitted to Peking University.You should .
7．
meet with，as to，most of all，rush into，contribute to，in the hope of，row upon row，start out
（1）After university she was still undecided what career she wanted to pursue.
（2）Don't be discouraged when you difficulties.Everything will be fine sooner or later.
（3）There are many reasons why I didn't use my car today. ，it's a lovely day for walking.
（4）The city has changed greatly；there are of skyscrapers.
（5）The company as a small firm with 30 employees and gradually turned into an international one.
（6）Relaxing by whatever method that suits you best is a positive way of your good health.
8．
at the expense of，at the click of，in favour of ，make ends meet，go into debt，take advantage of，take off，cut down on，do a further favour，refer to，rent out
（1）The current economy for the development of e﹣commerce.
（2）The state cleared the way for companies to sell or self﹣driving cars.
（3）The competitiveness of our price is made possible by our cost control but not quality.
（4）A rush business decision made him .
（5）We hope you can this chance so that you will benefit from the expanding market.
（6）The sharing economy is in China，where ride﹣sharing is increasingly commonplace.
（7）Affected by the economic crisis，Mike's father lost his job and the family could barely .
（8）There's no doubt that plastic will help the environment.
（9）The " natural" greenhouse effect the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short﹣wave radiation.
9．subject to，response to，at the expense of，at rock﹣bottom prices，do a further favour，vary from…to
（1）These things are worth having but not better services.
（2）The importance of being an Olympian will athlete athlete.
（3）They have made generous the appeals for funds.
（4）You can get this kind of mobile phones .
（5） and turn the radio down，will you？
（6）Statistical work shall be public supervision.
10．be reunited with，be made up of，get distracted by，keep in touch with，live life to the full，ahead of，far from，get through
（1）Nowadays，we can move around the world and still the people that we want to remain friends with.
（2）Jessie was sad and her friends helped her the first awful week after she was injured.
（3）This football team 20 players，most of whom are young.
（4） charging consumers high prices，many of these online services are free.
（5）After ten years，the poor girl her family again.
（6）He the noise outside and became very upset.
（7）Basically there are so many benefits of exercising that you really can't without it.
（8）If we work on the project together，we should be able to complete it schedule.
11．correspond to；be based on；at one's peak；fall into ruin；lead to；deal with
（1）In this firm，the manager the general in the army.
（2）This kind of discussion will certainly still greater differences between the two parties.
（3）Their numerical system，derived from the Babylonians， multiples of the number six.
（4）It is becoming increasingly difficult to the problems of traffic in big cities.
（5） ，Houston was the golden girl of the music world.
（6）A large number of churches after revolution.
12．（2024 长春开学）
A.leave...alone B.has confidence in C.coming to an end D.cleaning up E.was associated with F.drop out G.refer to H.in a majority I.stay in touch with J.in search of K.graduate from L.add...to...
（1）The meeting was when I reached the meeting room.
（2）In summary，in the nursing profession，women are .
（3）There are so many convenient ways for you to your faraway friends.
（4）He spent all Saturday morning the house.
（5）At first，this topic environmental protection.
（6）Jason Harley decided to of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
（7）If you the bad boy ，he will make trouble.
（8）Some animals migrate to the south warmer weather.
（9）She keeping up with others.
（10）You could the messages online no matter when you are confused.
13．（2023秋 福建期末）
be comprised of；subscribe to；make sense；think outside the box；engage in； stand out；stuff...with；up to；in charge of；expose...to...；
（1）To settle the conflict between statistics and theory，scientists have to be creative，and ﹣﹣﹣﹣ approach the problem from different directions.
（2）Despite various tough living conditions，they remained actively their scientific research.
（3）I finally made up my mind to remove the cupboard old books.
（4）People usually give two completely contradictory descriptions so it is you to make the right decisions.
（5）We have an evening paper，which is our family tradition for generations.
（6）The man the project was charged with theft.
（7）Most of the applicants were turned down，but he ended up because he was good at cooperating with others.
（8）Too much TV programmes will do great harm to children's eyesight.
14．（2023秋 鼓楼区校级期末）
speak up；adapt to；live off；participate in；at work；be comprised of；in charge of；come down with；break down；subscribe to；set out；up to
（1）I am Li Hua，a student the program "Talk and Talk" launched in the broadcasting station of our school.
（2）I longed to have the opportunity of these activities.
（3）The team had carried out decades of research on rose species which can extreme climates.
（4）It was reported that many children in the kindergarten had the disease.
（5）With your antivirus software ，your computer is well﹣protected.
（6）At first，Xie Lei had no idea what she should say，but what surprised her was that she found herself in class after just a few weeks.
（7）It is a team 15 brilliant people，and I'm sure it will win the competition.
（8）Instead of money from their parents，they make money on their own.
（9）Because he was being so kind and concerned，I and cried.
（10）I have never the view that schooldays are the happiest time of my life.
15．（2024春 建邺区校级期末）
throw oneself into in turn run out of at large set up be lost in do the trick refer to hit the spot bring up fall apart with a bang
（1）Usually as a genius，Chaplin was among the most influential figures in film history.
（2）The rapid development of the Xiong'an New Area led to increased wealth，which would attract more graduates to this region.
（3）It is for more than 10 years that those talented female athletes the chase for the championship.
（4）A special fund which for the disabled came under the spotlight.
（5）The once﹣stable systems that were seen as permanent in the old era seem .
（6）He is very aware of what topics he should not ，especially when talking with sensitive people.
（7）As he his patience，he couldn't contain his anger any more.
（8）I didn't know what exactly ，but I definitely felt much better after a few minutes.
（9）The naive girl stopped and stared out of the window，obviously a daydream.
（10）Despite some exceptions，the latest report is reflective of the public opinion .
高考英语考前押题卷 选词填空
参考答案与试题解析
一．选词填空（共15小题）
1．
be set in ，can't help but，to the full ，on a daily basis ，arise from，result in，turn down，make the most of ，look back on，as opposed to
（1）The new year is around the corner，so it is time for us to look back on the past days and make plans to improve ourselves.
（2）He spares a few minutes for himself to reflect on what he has done on a daily basis .
（3）Research has shown that having a preference for junk food can result in obesity.
（4）I felt really disappointed that my proposal was turned down by my parents.
（5）Seeing the abandoned car near the village，I could't help but wonder what had happened to it.
（6）The movie，which is set in Shanghai ，will be released this month.
（7）Research shows that emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.
（8）Students are encouraged to make the most of their spare time to participate in social practice.
【答案】（1）to look back on；（2）on a daily basis；（3）result in；（4）turned down；（5）could't help but；（6）is set in；（7）arise from；（8）make the most of
【分析】（1）新年就要到了，是时候回顾过去的日子，制定计划来提高自己了。
（2）他抽出几分钟时间反思自己每天所做的事情。
（3）研究表明，偏爱垃圾食品会导致肥胖。
（4）我的建议被父母拒绝了，我真的很失望。
（5）看到村子附近那辆被遗弃的汽车，我不禁想知道它发生了什么事。
（6）这部以上海为背景的电影将于本月上映。
（7）研究表明，情绪或心理问题可能由身体原因引起。
（8）鼓励学生充分利用业余时间参与社会实践。
【解答】（1）to look back on.考查动词短语。句意：新年就要到了，是时候回顾过去的日子，制定计划来提高自己了。根据句意可知表示"回顾"，用固定短语look back on，这里作it is time for us的真正的主语，用动词不定式，故填to look back on。
（2）on a daily basis.考查介词短语。句意：他抽出几分钟时间反思自己每天所做的事情。根据句意可知表示"每天"，用固定短语on a daily basis，故填on a daily basis。
（3）result in.考查动词短语。句意：研究表明，偏爱垃圾食品会导致肥胖。根据句意可知表示"导致"，用固定短语result in，can后用动词原形，故填result in。
（4）turned down.考查动词短语。句意：我的建议被父母拒绝了，我真的很失望。根据句意可知表示"拒绝"，用固定短语turn down，和my proposal构成被动关系，was后用过去分词，故填turned down。
（5）could't help but.考查动词短语。句意：看到村子附近那辆被遗弃的汽车，我不禁想知道它发生了什么事。根据句意可知表示"不禁"，用固定短语can't help but，和从句时态呼应，用一般过去时，故填could't help but。
（6）is set in.考查固定短语。句意：这部以上海为背景的电影将于本月上映。根据句意可知表示"以......为背景"，用固定短语be set in，介绍电影的特点，用一般现在时，故填is set in。
（7）arise from.考查动词短语。句意：研究表明，情绪或心理问题可能由身体原因引起。根据句意可知表示"由......引起"，用固定短语arise from，can后用动词原形，故填arise from。
（8）make the most of.考查动词短语。句意：鼓励学生充分利用业余时间参与社会实践。根据句意可知表示"充分利用"，用固定短语make the most of，are encouraged to后用动词原形，故填make the most of。
【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。
2．
weigh up，pass up，get back to，put off ，make up one's mind ，have second thoughts ，reject. . .out of hand ，apply to
（1）The reason why May is good at oral English is that she has never put off any opportunity to practise talking to native speakers.
（2）His suggestions were rejected out of hand at the meeting，which made him extremely frustrated.
（3）I had planned to accept the post ，but when I got to know that the job was demanding，I began to have second thoughts about my choice.After weighing up the advantages and disadvantages of the job，I finally decided to take it.
【答案】（1）put off；（2）rejected out of hand；（3）have second thoughts；weighing up
【分析】（1）梅擅长英语口语的原因是她从未推迟过与母语为英语的人练习口语的机会。
（2）他的建议在会上被当场否决，这使他极为沮丧。
（3）我本来打算接受这个职位，但当我知道这份工作要求很高时，我开始重新考虑我的选择。在权衡了这份工作的利弊之后，我终于决定接受它。
【解答】（1）put off .考查动词短语。句意：梅擅长英语口语的原因是她从未推迟过与母语为英语的人练习口语的机会。根据句意可知表示"推迟"，用固定短语put off，has后用过去分词，故填put off。
（2）rejected out of hand.考查动词短语。句意：他的建议在会上被当场否决，这使他极为沮丧。根据句意可知表示"被当场否决"，用固定短语reject...out of hand的被动形式，were后用过去分词，故填rejected out of hand。
（3）have second thoughts；weighing up.考查动词短语。句意：我本来打算接受这个职位，但当我知道这份工作要求很高时，我开始重新考虑我的选择。在权衡了这份工作的利弊之后，我终于决定接受它。根据句意可知表示"重新考虑"，用固定短语have second thoughts，began to后用动词原形；根据句意可知表示"权衡"，用固定短语weigh up，After后用动名词，故填have second thoughts；weighing up。
【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。
3．
in reality，look back，close to，be engaged in，be composed of
（1）Because of the language barrier，it's very hard for them to be engaged in my education.
（2） In reality ，the people that surround you have a huge impact on your current mood.
（3）I can look back on things with a clear conscience.I did everything I could.
（4）We have had meaningful negotiations and I believe we are very close to a deal.
（5）It is said that the committee is composed of professors and engineers.
【答案】（1）be engaged in（2）In reality（3）look back（4）close to（5）is composed of
【分析】（1）因为语言障碍，他们很难参与我的教育。
（2）实际上，你周围的人对你现在的情绪有很大的影响。
（3）我可以问心无愧地回顾过去，我做了我能做的一切。
（4）我们进行了有意义的谈判，我相信我们已经达成了协议。
（5）据说这个委员会是由教授和工程师组成的。
【解答】（1）be engaged in.考查固定搭配。根据句意"因为语言障碍，他们很难参与我的教育。"可知要填的词为"be engaged in参与"，it作形式主语，所以用不定式作真正主语，故填be engaged in.
（2）In reality.考查固定搭配。根据句意"实际上，你周围的人对你现在的情绪有很大的影响。"可知要填的词为"in reality实际上"，故填In reality.
（3）look back.考查动词短语。根据句意"我可以问心无愧地回顾过去，我做了我能做的一切。"可知要填的词为"look back回顾"，前面有can，所以用动词原形，故填look back.
（4）close to.考查形容词短语。根据句意"我们进行了有意义的谈判，我相信我们已经达成了协议。"可知要填的词为"close to接近于"，故形容词短语作表语，填close to.
（5）is composed of.考查固定搭配。根据句意据说这个委员会是由教授和工程师组成的。""可知要填的词为"be composed of由……组成"，描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，主语为单数名词，故填is composed of.
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语，名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
4．
be accustomed to，take off，cast a shadow on，set foot on，be aware of，be replaced by，tune in，on board
（1）Most of the students have been accustomed to getting up early after entering senior high school.
（2）When visiting another country，you should be aware of those differences and respect them.
（3）It is reported that everyone on board was helped out safe.
（4）When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
（5）It is believed that teachers will never be replaced by computers in the classroom.
（6）As soon as they set foot on the island，they were greatly impressed with the rare plants.
（7）The news will be broadcast in five minutes.Let's tune in to watch it.
（8）The judgement cast a shadow on his future，so he felt angry and decided to appeal to a higher court.
【答案】（1）been accustomed to；（2）be aware of；（3）on board；（4）take off；（5）be replaced by；（6）set foot on；（7）tune in；（8）cast a shadow on
【分析】（1）大多数学生在进入高中后已经习惯于早起。
（2）当你参观另一个国家时，你应该意识到这些差异并尊重它们。
（3）据报道，船上的每个人都得到了安全的救助。
（4）延误的航班何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。
（5）人们相信老师永远不会被教室里的电脑所取代。
（6）他们一踏上这座岛，就对这些稀有植物印象深刻。
（7）新闻将在五分钟后广播。让我们打开电视来看看吧。
（8）这次判决给他的未来蒙上了阴影，因此他感到愤怒，决定向更高一级法院上诉。
【解答】（1）been accustomed to.考查固定短语。句意：大多数学生在进入高中后已经习惯于早起。根据句意可知表示"习惯于"，用固定短语be accustomed to，have后用过去分词构成现在完成时，故填been accustomed to。
（2）be aware of.考查固定短语。句意：当你参观另一个国家时，你应该意识到这些差异并尊重它们。根据句意可知表示"意识到"，用固定短语be aware of，should后用动词原形，故填be aware of。
（3）on board.考查介词短语。句意：据报道，船上的每个人都得到了安全的救助。根据句意可知表示"船上的"，用固定短语on board，故填on board。
（4）take off.考查动词短语。句意：延误的航班何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。根据句意可知表示"起飞"，用固定短语take off，will后用动词原形，故填take off。
（5）be replaced by.考查固定短语。句意：人们相信老师永远不会被教室里的电脑所取代。根据句意可知表示"被......所取代"，用固定短语be replaced by，will后用动词原形，故填be replaced by。
（6）set foot on.考查动词短语。句意：他们一踏上这座岛，就对这些稀有植物印象深刻。根据句意可知表示"踏上"，用固定短语set foot on，前后时态一致，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填set foot on。
（7）tune in.考查动词短语。句意：新闻将在五分钟后广播。让我们打开电视来看看吧。根据句意可知表示"打开（电视）"，用固定短语tune in，Let's后用动词原形，故填tune in。
（8）cast a shadow on.考查动词短语。句意：这次判决给他的未来蒙上了阴影，因此他感到愤怒，决定向更高一级法院上诉。根据句意可知表示"给......蒙上了阴影"，用固定短语cast a shadow on，前后时态一致，谓语动词用过去式，故填cast a shadow on。
【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。
5．
be replaced by，become accustomed to，take off，set foot on，tune in，reach for the stars，cast a shadow，one's heart in one's mouth
（1）In general I feel I have become accustomed to Chinese way of life.
（2）No man has ever set foot on that rocky island；it's impossible to land there.
（3）She heard a terrible noise，which brought her heart in her mouth .
（4）The plane took off ，lost an engine as it climbed，and crashed just off the runway.
（5）More than six million youngsters tune in to Blockbusters every day.
（6）If you want to reach for the stars ，why are you going to think about limits？
（7）The terrible accident cast a shadow on her later life.
（8）In 1936，the term ping﹣pong was replaced by the term "table tennis".
【答案】（1）have become accustomed to（2）set foot on（3）her heart in her mouth（4）took off（5）tune in（6）reach for the stars（7）cast a shadow（8）was replaced by
【分析】（1）总的来说，我觉得我已经习惯了中国人的生活方式。
（2）没有人登上过那个岩石岛，不可能在那里登陆。
（3）她听到一声可怕的声音，吓得心都提到嗓子眼儿了。
（4）飞机起飞了，在上升过程中一个引擎熄火了，就在跑道外坠毁了。
（5）每天有六百多万青少年收听大片。
（6）如果你想摘星，为什么还要考虑极限？
（7）可怕的事故给她后来的生活投下了阴影。
（8）1936年，"乒乓"一词被"乒乓球"一词取代。
【解答】（1）have become accustomed to.考查短语辨析。句意：总的来说，我觉得我已经习惯了中国的生活方式。根据句意可知此处表示"习惯于......"，用固定短语become accustomed to，结合主句谓动feel为一般现在时态和句意强调"已经习惯"，故应采用现在完成时态，又因为主语是第一人称I，故填have become accustomed to。
（2）set foot on.考查短语辨析。句意：没有人登上过那个岩石岛，不可能在那里登陆。根据句意可知此处表示"踏上，到达"，用固定短语set foot on，结合空前的has可知此处应填入过去分词，构成现在完成时，set的过去分词形势不变，故填set foot on。
（3）her heart in her mouth.考查短语辨析。句意：她听到一声可怕的声音，吓得心都提到嗓子眼儿了。根据句意可知此处表示"吓得要命"，用固定短语one's heart in one's mouth，和句子的主语是she保持一致，所以one's采用her，故填her heart in her mouth。
（4）took off.考查短语辨析。句意：飞机起飞了，在上升过程中一个引擎熄火了，就在跑道外坠毁了。根据句意可知此处表示"起飞"，用固定短语take off，和and后的时态保持一致，采用一般过去时态，故填took off。
（5）tune in.考查短语辨析。句意：每天有六百多万青少年收听大片。根据句意可知此处表示"收听"，用固定短语tune in，every day暗示句子采用一般现在时态，主语More than six million youngsters为复数名词，所以谓语动词用原形，故填tune in。
（6）reach for the stars.考查短语辨析。句意：如果你想摘星，为什么还要考虑极限？根据句意可知此处表示"摘星星"，用固定短语reach for the stars，空前的want to do"想要做某事"，后跟动词原形，故填reach for the stars。
（7）cast a shadow.考查短语辨析。句意：可怕的事故给她后来的生活投下了阴影。根据句意可知此处表示"投下阴影"，用固定短语cast a shadow，结合句意可知，"事故"发生在过去，所以"投下阴影"也是发生在过去，应该采用一般过去时态，cast的过去时形式就是cast，故填cast a shadow。
（8）was replaced by.考查短语辨析。句意：1936年，"乒乓"一词被"乒乓球"一词取代。根据句意可知此处表示"被......替代"，用固定短语be replaced by，根据句中的时间状语in 1936可知应使用一般过去时态；主语为第三人称单数，故填was replaced by。
【点评】考查选词完成句子。选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语。如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非调语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语形式。名词（短语）要注意单复数形式。
6．
in the face of ，come one's way ，by contrast ，focus on，turn out，twists and turns，take a leaf out of one's book
（1） In the face of any difficulty ，we should keep calm and think positively.
（2）Life is full of twists and turns and only those who are optimistic can get the pleasure from it.
（3）With the enthusiastic participation and support of all the students，the activity turned out to be a great success.
（4）Accept the challenges that come your way and turn them into life lessons.
（5）Your brother has been admitted to Peking University.You should take a leaf out of his book .
【答案】（1）In the face of；（2）twists and turns；（3）turned out；（4）come your way；（5）take a leaf out of his book
【分析】（1）面对任何困难，我们都应该保持冷静，积极思考。
（2）生活充满曲折，只有乐观的人才能从中得到快乐。
（3）在全体学生的积极参与和支持下，活动取得了圆满成功。
（4）接受人生道路上的挑战，并将其转化为人生课程。
（5）你哥哥被北京大学录取了。你应该向他学习。
【解答】（1）In the face of.考查介词短语。句意：面对任何困难，我们都应该保持冷静，积极思考。根据句意可知表示"面对"，用固定短语in the face of，首字母大写，故填In the face of。
（2）twists and turns.考查名词短语。句意：生活充满曲折，只有乐观的人才能从中得到快乐。根据句意可知表示"曲折"，用固定短语twists and turns，故填twists and turns。
（3）turned out.考查动词短语。句意：在全体学生的积极参与和支持下，活动取得了圆满成功。根据句意可知表示"取得；结果"，用固定短语turn out，说明过去的动作，用一般过去时，故填turned out。
（4）come your way.考查动词短语。句意：接受你人生道路上的挑战，并将其转化为人生课程。根据句意可知表示"人生道路上的"，祈使句的主语时you，所以定语从句的谓语动词用固定短语come your way，故填come your way。
（5）take a leaf out of his book.考查动词短语。句意：你哥哥被北京大学录取了。你应该向他学习。根据句意可知表示"向他学习"，和Your brother一致，用固定短语take a leaf out of his book，should后用动词原形，故填take a leaf out of his book。
【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。
7．
meet with，as to，most of all，rush into，contribute to，in the hope of，row upon row，start out
（1）After university she was still undecided as to what career she wanted to pursue.
（2）Don't be discouraged when you meet with difficulties.Everything will be fine sooner or later.
（3）There are many reasons why I didn't use my car today. Most of all ，it's a lovely day for walking.
（4）The city has changed greatly；there are row upon row of skyscrapers.
（5）The company started out as a small firm with 30 employees and gradually turned into an international one.
（6）Relaxing by whatever method that suits you best is a positive way of contributing to your good health.
【答案】（1）as to；（2）meet with；（3）Most of all；（4）row upon row；（5）started out；（6）contributing to
【分析】（1）大学毕业后，她还没有决定要从事什么职业。
（2）当你遇到困难时不要气馁。一切迟早会好起来的。
（3）我今天没有开车有很多原因。最重要的是，今天是散步的好日子。
（4）这个城市发生了巨大的变化，这里有了一排排的摩天大楼。
（5）该公司最初是一家有30名员工的小公司，后来逐渐发展成为一家国际公司。
（6）用任何最适合你的方法放松都是有益于健康的积极方式。
【解答】（1）as to.考查介词短语。句意：大学毕业后，她还没有决定要从事什么职业。根据句意可知表示"关于"，用固定短语as to，故填as to。
（2）meet with.考查动词短语。句意：当你遇到困难时不要气馁。一切迟早会好起来的。根据句意可知表示"遇到"，用固定短语meet with，和从句时态一致，用一般现在时，故填meet with。
（3）Most of all.考查固定短语。句意：我今天没有开车有很多原因。最重要的是，今天是散步的好日子。根据句意可知表示"最重要的是"，用固定短语most of all，首字母大写，故填Most of all。
（4）row upon row.考查名词短语。句意：这个城市发生了巨大的变化，这里有了一排排的摩天大楼。根据句意可知表示"一排排的"，用固定短语row upon row，故填row upon row。
（5）started out.考查动词短语。句意：该公司最初是一家有30名员工的小公司，后来逐渐发展成为一家国际公司。根据句意可知表示"最初"，用固定短语start out，前后时态一致，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填started out。
（6）contributing to.考查动词短语。句意：用任何最适合你的方法放松都是有益于健康的积极方式。根据句意可知表示"有益于"，用固定短语contribute to，作of的宾语，用动名词，故填contributing to。
【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。
8．
at the expense of，at the click of，in favour of ，make ends meet，go into debt，take advantage of，take off，cut down on，do a further favour，refer to，rent out
（1）The current economy does a further favour for the development of e﹣commerce.
（2）The state cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self﹣driving cars.
（3）The competitiveness of our price is made possible by our cost control but not at the expense of quality.
（4）A rush business decision made him go into debt .
（5）We hope you can take advantage of this chance so that you will benefit from the expanding market.
（6）The sharing economy is taking off in China，where ride﹣sharing is increasingly commonplace.
（7）Affected by the economic crisis，Mike's father lost his job and the family could barely make ends meet .
（8）There's no doubt that cutting down on plastic will help the environment.
（9）The " natural" greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short﹣wave radiation.
【答案】（1）does a further favour；（2）rent out；（3）at the expense of；（4）go into debt；（5）take advantage of；（6）taking off；（7）make ends meet；（8）cutting down on；（9）refers to
【分析】（1）当前的经济形势更有利于电子商务的发展。
（2）该州为这家公司销售或租赁自我驾驶汽车扫清了道路。
（3）我们的价格之所以具有竞争力，是因为我们的成本控制，而不是以牺牲质量为代价。
（4）匆忙的商业决定使他负债累累。
（5）我们希望你们能利用这次机会，从不断扩大的市场中获益。
（6）共享经济正在中国兴起，共享单车越来越普遍。
（7）受经济危机的影响，迈克的父亲失去了工作，全家几乎入不敷出。
（8）毫无疑问，减少塑料用量将有助于环境保护。
（9）"自然"温室效应是指来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式加热地球表面。
【解答】（1）does a further favour.考查动词短语。句意：当前的经济形势更有利于电子商务的发展。根据句意可知表示"更有利于"，用固定短语do a further favour，说明现在的情况，用一般现在时，和主语The current economy一致，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填does a further favour。
（2）rent out.考查动词短语。句意：该州为这家公司销售或租赁自我驾驶汽车扫清了道路。根据句意可知表示"租赁"，用固定短语rent out，和sell并列，用动词原形，故填rent out。
（3）at the expense of.考查介词短语。句意：我们的价格之所以具有竞争力，是因为我们的成本控制，而不是以牺牲质量为代价。根据句意可知表示"以......为代价"，用固定短语at the expense of，故填at the expense of。
（4）go into debt.考查动词短语。句意：匆忙的商业决定使他负债累累。根据句意可知表示"使......负债累累"，用固定短语go into debt，作made him宾补，用动词原形，故填wgo into debt。
（5）take advantage of.考查动词短语。句意：我们希望你们能利用这次机会，从不断扩大的市场中获益。根据句意可知表示"利用"，用固定短语take advantage of，can后用动词原形，故填take advantage of。
（6）taking off.考查动词短语。句意：共享经济正在中国兴起，共享单车越来越普遍。根据句意可知表示"兴起"，用固定短语take off，和后句时态一致，用现在进行时，is后用现在分词，故填taking off。
（7）make ends meet.考查动词短语。句意：受经济危机的影响，迈克的父亲失去了工作，全家几乎入不敷出。根据句意可知表示"收支平衡"，用固定短语make ends meet，could后用动词原形，故填make ends meet。
（8）cutting down on.考查短语。句意：毫无疑问，减少塑料用量将有助于环境保护。根据句意可知表示"减少......的量"，用固定短语cut down on，作主语，用动名词，故填cutting down on。
（9）refers to.考查动词短语。句意："自然"温室效应是指来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式加热地球表面。根据句意可知表示"指"，用固定短语refer to，说明事实，用一般现在时，和主语The " natural" greenhouse effect一致，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填refers to。
【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。
9．subject to，response to，at the expense of，at rock﹣bottom prices，do a further favour，vary from…to
（1）These things are worth having but not at the expense of better services.
（2）The importance of being an Olympian will vary from athlete to athlete.
（3）They have made generous response to the appeals for funds.
（4）You can get this kind of mobile phones at rock﹣bottom prices .
（5） Do a further favour and turn the radio down，will you？
（6）Statistical work shall be subject to public supervision.
【答案】（1）at the expense of；（2）vary from；to；（3）response to
（4）at rock﹣bottom prices；（5）Do a further favour；（6）subject to
【分析】（1）这些东西值得拥有，但不能以更好的服务为代价。
（2）不同运动员成为奥运选手的重要性各不相同。
（3）他们对募捐的呼吁作出了慷慨的回应。
（4）你可以以最低价买到这种手机。
（5）再帮个忙，把收音机的声音关小一点，好吗？
（6）统计工作应当接受社会监督。
【解答】（1）at the expense of.考查短语辨析。句意：这些东西值得拥有，但不能以更好的服务为代价。根据句意可知表示"以…为代价"，用固定短语at the expense of，故填at the expense of.
（2）vary from；to.考查短语辨析。句意：不同运动员成为奥运选手的重要性各不相同。根据句意可知表示"从…到…不同"，用固定短语vary from；to，will后用动词原形，故填vary from；to.
（3）response to.考查短语辨析。句意：他们对募捐的呼吁作出了慷慨的回应。根据句意可知表示"回应"，用固定短语make response to，故填response to.
（4）at rock﹣bottom prices.考查短语辨析。句意：你可以以最低价买到这种手机。根据句意可知表示"以最低价"，用固定短语at rock﹣bottom prices，故填at rock﹣bottom prices.
（5）Do a further favour.考查短语辨析。句意：再帮个忙，把收音机的声音关小一点，好吗？根据句意可知表示"再帮个忙"，用固定短语do a further favour，首字母大写，故填Do a further favour.
（6）subject to.考查短语辨析。句意：统计工作应当接受社会监督。根据句意可知表示"受到"，用固定短语be subject to，故填subject to.
【点评】这个题型需要学生熟知单词或者固定短语的用法，包括它的多个含义；同时对于题面设定的语境也要完全了解，这样才能选出正确的短语，运用它们的正确形式，例如动词短语的谓语和非谓语，时态和语态。
10．be reunited with，be made up of，get distracted by，keep in touch with，live life to the full，ahead of，far from，get through
（1）Nowadays，we can move around the world and still keep in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.
（2）Jessie was sad and her friends helped her get through the first awful week after she was injured.
（3）This football team is made up of 20 players，most of whom are young.
（4） Far from charging consumers high prices，many of these online services are free.
（5）After ten years，the poor girl was reunited with her family again.
（6）He got distracted by the noise outside and became very upset.
（7）Basically there are so many benefits of exercising that you really can't live life to the full without it.
（8）If we work on the project together，we should be able to complete it ahead of schedule.
【答案】（1）keep in touch with；（2）get through；（3）is made up of；（4）Far from；（5）was reunited with；（6）got distracted by；（7）live life to the full；（8）ahead of
【分析】（1）如今，我们可以在周游世界时，仍然与我们想成为朋友的人保持联系。
（2）杰西很伤心，她的朋友们帮助她度过了受伤后第一个糟糕的星期。
（3）这支足球队由20名队员组成，其中大多数是年轻人。
（4）这些在线服务中有许多是免费的，而不是向消费者收取高昂的价格。
（5）十年后，这个可怜的女孩又与家人团聚了。
（6）他被外面的噪音弄得心烦意乱，变得非常不安。
（7）基本上，锻炼有很多好处，如果没有锻炼，你真的无法充分享受生活。
（8）如果我们一起做这个项目，我们应该能够提前完成。
【解答】（1）keep in touch with.考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，我们可以在周游世界时，仍然与我们想成为朋友的人保持联系。根据句意可知表示"与......保持联系"，用固定短语keep in touch with，和move around the world并列，can后用动词原形，故填keep in touch with。
（2）get through.考查动词短语辨析。句意：杰西很伤心，她的朋友们帮助她度过了受伤后第一个糟糕的星期。根据句意可知表示"度过"，用固定短语get through，作helped her的宾补用（to）do，故填get through。
（3）is made up of.考查固定短语辨析。句意：这支足球队由20名队员组成，其中大多数是年轻人。根据句意可知表示"由......组成"，用固定短语be made up of，和从句时态一致，用一般现在时态，故填is made up of。
（4）Far from.考查固定短语辨析。句意：这些在线服务中有许多是免费的，而不是向消费者收取高昂的价格。根据句意可知表示"而不是"，用固定短语far from，首字母大写，故填Far from。
（5）was reunited with.考查固定短语辨析。句意：十年后，这个可怜的女孩又与家人团聚了。根据句意可知表示"又与......团聚"，用固定短语be reunited with，和After ten years一致，用一般过去时态，故填was reunited with。
（6）got distracted by.考查动词短语辨析。句意：他被外面的噪音弄得心烦意乱，变得非常不安。根据句意可知表示"被......弄得心烦意乱"，用固定短语get distracted by，前后时态一致，用一般过去时态，故填got distracted by。
（7）live life to the full.考查动词短语辨析。句意：基本上，锻炼有很多好处，如果没有锻炼，你真的无法充分享受生活。根据句意可知表示"充分享受生活"，用固定短语live life to the full，can't后用动词原形，故填live life to the full。
（8）ahead of.考查固定短语辨析。句意：如果我们一起做这个项目，我们应该能够提前完成。根据句意可知表示"提前"，用固定短语ahead of schedule，故填ahead of。
【点评】这个题型需要学生熟知单词或者固定短语的用法，包括它的多个含义；同时对于题面设定的语境也要完全了解，这样才能选出正确的短语，运用它们的正确形式，例如动词短语的谓语和非谓语，时态和语态。
11．correspond to；be based on；at one's peak；fall into ruin；lead to；deal with
（1）In this firm，the manager corresponds to the general in the army.
（2）This kind of discussion will certainly lead to still greater differences between the two parties.
（3）Their numerical system，derived from the Babylonians， was based on multiples of the number six.
（4）It is becoming increasingly difficult to deal with the problems of traffic in big cities.
（5） At her peak ，Houston was the golden girl of the music world.
（6）A large number of churches fell into ruin after revolution.
【答案】（1）corresponds to（2）lead to（3）was based on（4）deal with（5）At her peak（6）fell into ruin
【分析】（1）在这家公司里，经理相当于军队里的将军。
（2）这样的讨论肯定会导致双方的分歧更大。
（3）他们的数字系统源自巴比伦人，是基于数字6的倍数。
（4）处理大城市的交通问题正变得越来越困难。
（5）在她的巅峰时期，休斯顿是音乐界的黄金女郎。
（6）革命后，大量的教堂倒塌了。
【解答】（1）corresponds to.考查动词短语。句意：在这家公司里，经理相当于军队里的将军。分析可知，空处缺谓语，correspond to意为"相当于"，符合句意，要用一般现在时，注意主谓一致。故填corresponds to。
（2）lead to.考查动词短语。句意：这样的讨论肯定会导致双方的分歧更大。分析可知，空处和前面的will构成句子谓语，lead to意为"导致"，符合句意，且情态动词后跟动词原形。故填lead to。
（3）was based on.考查固定短语和时态。句意：他们的数字系统源自巴比伦人，是基于数字6的倍数。分析可知，空处为句子谓语，be based on意为"基于……"，表达的是过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填was based on。
（4）deal with.考查动词短语。句意：处理大城市的交通问题正变得越来越困难。分析可知，句子为it做形式主语，空处和前面的不定式to做句子真正的主语，所以空处为动词原形，deal with意为"处理"，符合句意。故填deal with。
（5）At her peak.考查介词短语。句意：在她的巅峰时期，休斯顿是音乐界的黄金女郎。分析可知，空处和句子逗号隔开，做句子状语，at one's peak意为"在某人的巅峰"，符合句意。故填At her peak。
（6）fell into ruin.考查动词短语和时态。句意：革命后，大量的教堂倒塌了。分析可知，空处为句子谓语，fall into ruin意为"倒塌"，符合句意，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填fell into ruin。
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如主谓一致，动词的时态，语态，固定短语，名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
12．（2024 长春开学）
A.leave...alone B.has confidence in C.coming to an end D.cleaning up E.was associated with F.drop out G.refer to H.in a majority I.stay in touch with J.in search of K.graduate from L.add...to...
（1）The meeting was C when I reached the meeting room.
（2）In summary，in the nursing profession，women are H .
（3）There are so many convenient ways for you to I your faraway friends.
（4）He spent all Saturday morning D the house.
（5）At first，this topic E environmental protection.
（6）Jason Harley decided to F of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
（7）If you A the bad boy A ，he will make trouble.
（8）Some animals migrate to the south J warmer weather.
（9）She B keeping up with others.
（10）You could G the messages online no matter when you are confused.
【答案】CHIDE FAJBG
【分析】（1）当我到达会议室时，会议即将结束。
（2）总之，在护理行业中，妇女占多数。
（3）有很多方便的方式可以让你与远方的朋友保持联系。
（4）他整个星期六上午都在打扫房子。
（5）起初，这个主题与环境保护有关。
（6）杰森 哈雷决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只有一点钱就可以获得自由。
（7）如果你不管那个坏男孩，他会惹麻烦的。
（8）一些动物迁徙到南方寻找温暖的天气。
（9）她有信心跟上别人的步伐。
（10）无论你什么时候感到困惑，你都可以参考网上的消息。
【解答】（1）考查动词短语。句意：当我到达会议室时，会议即将结束。分析可知，此处为主句的谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示"结束"，C项coming to an end符合题意，与空前was构成过去进行时，故选C。
（2）考查介词短语。句意：总之，在护理行业中，妇女占多数。根据句意可知，此处表示"占多数"，H项in a majority符合题意，在句中作表语，故选H。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：有很多方便的方式可以让你与远方的朋友保持联系。分析可知，不定式符号to后应用动词原形，结合句意可知，此处表示"保持联系"，I项stay in touch with符合题意，故选I。
（4）考查动词短语。句意：他整个星期六上午都在打扫房子。根据spend time（in）doing sth"花时间做某事"可知，此处应用动名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示"打扫"，D项cleaning up符合题意，故选D。
（5）考查动词短语。句意：起初，这个主题与环境保护有关。分析可知，此处为句子的谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示"与......有关"，E项was associated with符合题意，此处为一般过去时的被动语态，故选E。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：杰森 哈雷决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只有一点钱就可以获得自由。分析可知，不定式符号to后应用动词原形，结合句意可知，此处表示"放弃"，F项drop out符合题意，故选F。
（7）考查动词短语。句意：如果你不管那个坏男孩，他会惹麻烦的。分析可知，此处为句子的谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示"不管"，A项leave...alone符合题意，结合"主将从现"的原则可知，句子使用了一般现在时表将来，主语为you，谓语动词应用原形，故选A。
（8）考查介词短语。句意：一些动物迁徙到南方寻找温暖的天气。结合句意可知，此处表示"寻找"，J项in search of符合题意，故选J。
（9）考查动词短语。句意：她有信心跟上别人的步伐。分析可知，此处为句子的谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示"有信心"，B项has confidence in符合题意，句子使用了一般现在时，主语为she，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故选B。
（10）考查动词短语。句意：无论你什么时候感到困惑，你都可以参考网上的消息。分析可知，不定式符号to后应用动词原形，结合句意可知，此处表示"参考"，G项refer to符合题意，故选G。
【点评】学生需正确理解句意，根据关键词句判断空处表达的含义。掌握备选短语的中文意思是解答本题的关键。
13．（2023秋 福建期末）
be comprised of；subscribe to；make sense；think outside the box；engage in； stand out；stuff...with；up to；in charge of；expose...to...；
（1）To settle the conflict between statistics and theory，scientists have to be creative，and think outside the box ﹣﹣﹣﹣ approach the problem from different directions.
（2）Despite various tough living conditions，they remained actively engaged in their scientific research.
（3）I finally made up my mind to remove the cupboard stuffed with old books.
（4）People usually give two completely contradictory descriptions so it is up to you to make the right decisions.
（5）We have subscribed to an evening paper，which is our family tradition for generations.
（6）The man in charge of the project was charged with theft.
（7）Most of the applicants were turned down，but he ended up standing out because he was good at cooperating with others.
（8）Too much exposure to TV programmes will do great harm to children's eyesight.
【答案】（1）think outside the box（2）engaged in（3）stuffed with（4）up to（5）subscribed to（6）in charge of（7）standing out（8）exposure to
【分析】（1）为了解决统计和理论之间的冲突，科学家们必须具有创造性，跳出固有思维，从不同的方向解决问题。
（2）尽管生活条件艰苦，他们仍然积极从事科学研究。
（3）我终于下定决心把塞满旧书的柜子搬走。
（4）人们通常会给出两种完全矛盾的描述，所以这取决于你做出正确的决定。
（5）我们订了一份晚报，这是我们家几代人的传统。
（6）负责该项目的人被指控犯有盗窃罪。
（7）大多数申请人都被拒绝了，但他最终脱颖而出，因为他善于与他人合作。
（8）看太多的电视节目对孩子们的视力有很大的危害。
【解答】（1）考查动词短语。句意：为了解决统计和理论之间的冲突，科学家们必须具有创造性，跳出固有思维，从不同的方向解决问题。根据空前be creative，and以及句意"跳出固有思维"可知应填think outside the box，have to后跟动词原形。故填think outside the box。
（2）考查动词短语。句意：尽管生活条件艰苦，他们仍然积极从事科学研究。根据空前Despite various tough living conditions以及句意"从事"可知应填engage in，此处作表语应用engaged in，故填engaged in。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：我终于下定决心把塞满旧书的柜子搬走。根据空后old books以及句意"塞满……"可知stuff…with符合题意，与cupboard构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填stuffed with。
（4）考查介词短语。句意：人们通常会给出两种完全矛盾的描述，所以这取决于你做出正确的决定。根据空后you to make the right decisions以及句意"取决于"可知应填up to，故填up to。
（5）考查动词短语。句意：我们订了一份晚报，这是我们家几代人的传统。根据空后an evening paper以及句意"订阅"可知应填subscribe to，结合have可知为现在完成时，空处填过去分词，故填subscribed to。
（6）考查介词短语。句意：负责该项目的人被指控犯有盗窃罪。根据空后the project以及句意"负责"可知应填in charge of，介词短语作后置定语，故填in charge of。
（7）考查动词短语。句意：大多数申请人都被拒绝了，但他最终脱颖而出，因为他善于与他人合作。根据空后because he was good at cooperating with others以及句意"脱颖而出"可知应填stand out，end up doing sth."最终做某事"是固定搭配，故填standing out。
（8）考查动词短语。句意：看太多的电视节目对孩子们的视力有很大的危害。根据空后TV programmes will do great harm to children's eyesight以及句意"接触"可知应填expose…to…，此处作主语，应用名词短语exposure to，故填exposure to。
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
14．（2023秋 鼓楼区校级期末）
speak up；adapt to；live off；participate in；at work；be comprised of；in charge of；come down with；break down；subscribe to；set out；up to
（1）I am Li Hua，a student in charge of the program "Talk and Talk" launched in the broadcasting station of our school.
（2）I longed to have the opportunity of participating in these activities.
（3）The team had carried out decades of research on rose species which can adapt to extreme climates.
（4）It was reported that many children in the kindergarten had come down with the disease.
（5）With your antivirus software at work ，your computer is well﹣protected.
（6）At first，Xie Lei had no idea what she should say，but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
（7）It is a team comprised of 15 brilliant people，and I'm sure it will win the competition.
（8）Instead of living off money from their parents，they make money on their own.
（9）Because he was being so kind and concerned，I broke down and cried.
（10）I have never subscribed to the view that schooldays are the happiest time of my life.
【答案】（1）in charge of（2）participating in（3）adapt to（4）come down with（5）at work（6）speaking up（7）comprised of（8）living off（9）broke down（10）subscribed to
【分析】（1）我叫李华，是我校广播站《说说吧》栏目的主持人。
（2）我渴望有机会参加这些活动。
（3）该团队对能够适应极端气候的玫瑰品种进行了数十年的研究。
（4）据报道，这个幼儿园的许多孩子都染上了这种病。
（5）有了杀毒软件工作，你的电脑就得到了很好的保护。
（6）一开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么，但令她惊讶的是，仅仅几周后，她就在课堂上开口说话了。
（7）这是一个由15名杰出的人组成的团队，我相信它会赢得比赛。
（8）他们不是靠父母的钱生活，而是自己赚钱。
（9）因为他对我那么好，那么关心我，我忍不住哭了。
（10）我从不认同学生时代是我一生中最快乐的时光。
【解答】（1）考查介词短语。句意：我叫李华，是我校广播站《说说吧》栏目的主持人。根据句意可知，此处表示"负责"，应填短语in charge of，故填in charge of。
（2）考查动词短语。句意：我渴望有机会参加这些活动。根据句意可知，此处表示"参加"，应用短语participate in，分析句子结构可知，此处作介词of的宾语，动词应用动名词形式。故填participating in。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：该团队对能够适应极端气候的玫瑰品种进行了数十年的研究。分析可知，此处为which引导的定语从句的谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示"适应"，应用短语adapt to，且情态动词can后应跟动词原形。故填adapt to。
（4）考查动词短语。句意：据报道，这个幼儿园的许多孩子都染上了这种病。分析可知，此处为that引导的主语从句的谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示"染病"，应用短语come down with，根据空前had可知，句子使用了过去完成时，动词应用过去分词。故填come down with。
（5）考查介词短语。句意：有了杀毒软件工作，你的电脑就得到了很好的保护。分析可知，此处作宾补，根据句意可知，此处表示"工作"，应填短语at work，故填at work。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：一开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么，但令她惊讶的是，仅仅几周后，她就在课堂上开口说话了。根据句意可知，此处表示"说话，发言"，应用短语speak up，分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，speak up与宾语herself之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作宾补。故填speaking up。
（7）考查动词短语。句意：这是一个由15名杰出的人组成的团队，我相信它会赢得比赛。根据句意可知，此处表示"由......组成"，应用短语be comprised of，分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，故应用过去分词作宾补，省略be动词。故填comprised of。
（8）考查动词短语。句意：他们不是靠父母的钱生活，而是自己赚钱。根据句意可知，此处表示"靠……生活"，应用短语live off，分析可知，此处作介词of的宾语，动词应用动名词形式。故填living off。
（9）考查动词短语。句意：因为他对我那么好，那么关心我，我忍不住哭了。分析可知，此处与and后的cried并列作谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示"情绪崩溃"，应用短语break down，句子是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填broke down。
（10）考查动词短语。句意：我从不认同学生时代是我一生中最快乐的时光。分析可知，此处为主句的谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示"认同，同意"，应用短语subscribe to，根据空前have可知，句子使用了现在完成时，动词应用过去分词。故填subscribed to。
【点评】学生需正确理解句意，根据关键词句判断空处表达的含义。掌握备选短语的中文意思是解答本题的关键。
15．（2024春 建邺区校级期末）
throw oneself into in turn run out of at large set up be lost in do the trick refer to hit the spot bring up fall apart with a bang
（1）Usually referred to as a genius，Chaplin was among the most influential figures in film history.
（2）The rapid development of the Xiong'an New Area led to increased wealth，which in turn would attract more graduates to this region.
（3）It is for more than 10 years that those talented female athletes have thrown themselves into the chase for the championship.
（4）A special fund which was set up for the disabled came under the spotlight.
（5）The once﹣stable systems that were seen as permanent in the old era seem to fall apart .
（6）He is very aware of what topics he should not bring up ，especially when talking with sensitive people.
（7）As he ran out of his patience，he couldn't contain his anger any more.
（8）I didn't know what exactly did the trick ，but I definitely felt much better after a few minutes.
（9）The naive girl stopped and stared out of the window，obviously lost in a daydream.
（10）Despite some exceptions，the latest report is reflective of the public opinion at large .
【答案】（1）referred to （2）in turn （3）have thrown themselves into（4）was set up （5）to fall apart（6）bring up（7）ran out of （8）did the trick （9）lost in （10）at large
【分析】（1）Chaplin通常被称为天才，是电影史上最有影响力的人物之一。
（2）雄安新区的快速发展带来了财富的增加，这反过来会吸引更多的毕业生来到这个地区。
（3）10多年来，那些有天赋的女运动员一直在追逐冠军。
（4）一个为残疾人设立的专项基金引起了人们的注意。
（5）那些在旧时代被认为是永久稳定的系统似乎要瓦解。
（6）他非常清楚哪些话题不应该提起，尤其是在与敏感的人交谈时。
（7）当他失去耐心时，他再也无法控制自己的愤怒了。
（8）我不知道确切是什么，但在几分钟后我确实感觉好多了。
（9）那个天真的女孩停下来看着窗外，显然陷入了白日梦中。
（10）尽管有些例外，最新的报告反映了公众的整体意见。。
【解答】（1）考查动词短语。句意：Chaplin通常被称为天才，是电影史上最有影响力的人物之一。这里需要一个表示"称为"的短语。"refer to"是指"提到、称呼"，这里用被动语态"referred to"表示"被称为"，作非谓语，符合句子的结构和意思。故填referred to。
（2）考查介词短语。句意：雄安新区的快速发展带来了财富的增加，这反过来会吸引更多的毕业生来到这个地区。"in turn"表示"继而、反过来"，用于描述一种因果关系，即前面的发展导致财富增加，财富增加又导致更多毕业生被吸引。故填in turn。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：10多年来，那些有天赋的女运动员一直在追逐冠军。根据空前for more than 10 years可知本空应填现在完成时，根据主语those可知本空应填have done，故填have thrown themselves into。
（4）考查动词短语。句意：一个为残疾人设立的专项基金引起了人们的注意。"set up"表示"设立"，这里需要用过去式和被动语态"was set up"来说明这个基金在过去某个时间点被设立。故填was set up。
（5）考查动词短语。句意：那些在旧时代被认为是永久稳定的系统似乎要瓦解。"fall apart"表示"分崩离析、瓦解"，seem to do sth似乎做某事。故填to fall apart。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：他非常清楚哪些话题不应该提起，尤其是在与敏感的人交谈时。should后加动词原型，"bring up"表示"提起、谈到"，符合句子的意思。故填bring up。
（7）考查动词短语。句意：当他失去耐心时，他再也无法控制自己的愤怒了。"run out of"表示"用完、耗尽"，这里根据后文"couldn't"的时态使用过去式"ran out of"表示他的耐心已经耗尽，无法再控制愤怒。故填ran out of。
（8）考查动词短语。句意：我不知道确切是什么，但在几分钟后我确实感觉好多了。这里需要一个表示某个动作或因素奏效的短语。根据"didn't"使用过去时"did the trick"，表示"奏效、起作用"。这里表示不确定具体是什么因素，但确实产生了好的效果，使得说话者感觉好转。故填did the trick。
（9）考查动词短语。句意：那个天真的女孩停下来看着窗外，显然陷入了白日梦中。逗号前的句子主谓宾结构完整，"lost in"在这里作非谓语，表示"沉浸于、迷失在"，表示女孩沉浸在白日梦中符合句意。故填lost in。
（10）考查介词短语。句意：尽管有些例外，最新的报告反映了公众的整体意见。"at large"表示"整体的、普遍的"，与句子的意思相符，表示报告反映了整体的公众意见。故填at large。
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文和语法知识来帮助判断其形式。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
一．选词填空（共15小题）
1．
be set in ，can't help but，to the full ，on a daily basis ，arise from，result in，turn down，make the most of ，look back on，as opposed to
（1）The new year is around the corner，so it is time for us the past days and make plans to improve ourselves.
（2）He spares a few minutes for himself to reflect on what he has done .
（3）Research has shown that having a preference for junk food can obesity.
（4）I felt really disappointed that my proposal was by my parents.
（5）Seeing the abandoned car near the village，I wonder what had happened to it.
（6）The movie，which Shanghai ，will be released this month.
（7）Research shows that emotional or mental problems can a physical cause.
（8）Students are encouraged to their spare time to participate in social practice.
2．
weigh up，pass up，get back to，put off ，make up one's mind ，have second thoughts ，reject. . .out of hand ，apply to
（1）The reason why May is good at oral English is that she has never any opportunity to practise talking to native speakers.
（2）His suggestions were at the meeting，which made him extremely frustrated.
（3）I had planned to accept the post ，but when I got to know that the job was demanding，I began to about my choice.After the advantages and disadvantages of the job，I finally decided to take it.
3．
in reality，look back，close to，be engaged in，be composed of
（1）Because of the language barrier，it's very hard for them to my education.
（2） ，the people that surround you have a huge impact on your current mood.
（3）I can on things with a clear conscience.I did everything I could.
（4）We have had meaningful negotiations and I believe we are very a deal.
（5）It is said that the committee professors and engineers.
4．
be accustomed to，take off，cast a shadow on，set foot on，be aware of，be replaced by，tune in，on board
（1）Most of the students have getting up early after entering senior high school.
（2）When visiting another country，you should those differences and respect them.
（3）It is reported that everyone was helped out safe.
（4）When the delayed flight will depends much on the weather.
（5）It is believed that teachers will never computers in the classroom.
（6）As soon as they the island，they were greatly impressed with the rare plants.
（7）The news will be broadcast in five minutes.Let's to watch it.
（8）The judgement his future，so he felt angry and decided to appeal to a higher court.
5．
be replaced by，become accustomed to，take off，set foot on，tune in，reach for the stars，cast a shadow，one's heart in one's mouth
（1）In general I feel I Chinese way of life.
（2）No man has ever that rocky island；it's impossible to land there.
（3）She heard a terrible noise，which brought .
（4）The plane ，lost an engine as it climbed，and crashed just off the runway.
（5）More than six million youngsters to Blockbusters every day.
（6）If you want to ，why are you going to think about limits？
（7）The terrible accident on her later life.
（8）In 1936，the term ping﹣pong the term "table tennis".
6．
in the face of ，come one's way ，by contrast ，focus on，turn out，twists and turns，take a leaf out of one's book
（1） any difficulty ，we should keep calm and think positively.
（2）Life is full of and only those who are optimistic can get the pleasure from it.
（3）With the enthusiastic participation and support of all the students，the activity to be a great success.
（4）Accept the challenges that and turn them into life lessons.
（5）Your brother has been admitted to Peking University.You should .
7．
meet with，as to，most of all，rush into，contribute to，in the hope of，row upon row，start out
（1）After university she was still undecided what career she wanted to pursue.
（2）Don't be discouraged when you difficulties.Everything will be fine sooner or later.
（3）There are many reasons why I didn't use my car today. ，it's a lovely day for walking.
（4）The city has changed greatly；there are of skyscrapers.
（5）The company as a small firm with 30 employees and gradually turned into an international one.
（6）Relaxing by whatever method that suits you best is a positive way of your good health.
8．
at the expense of，at the click of，in favour of ，make ends meet，go into debt，take advantage of，take off，cut down on，do a further favour，refer to，rent out
（1）The current economy for the development of e﹣commerce.
（2）The state cleared the way for companies to sell or self﹣driving cars.
（3）The competitiveness of our price is made possible by our cost control but not quality.
（4）A rush business decision made him .
（5）We hope you can this chance so that you will benefit from the expanding market.
（6）The sharing economy is in China，where ride﹣sharing is increasingly commonplace.
（7）Affected by the economic crisis，Mike's father lost his job and the family could barely .
（8）There's no doubt that plastic will help the environment.
（9）The " natural" greenhouse effect the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short﹣wave radiation.
9．subject to，response to，at the expense of，at rock﹣bottom prices，do a further favour，vary from…to
（1）These things are worth having but not better services.
（2）The importance of being an Olympian will athlete athlete.
（3）They have made generous the appeals for funds.
（4）You can get this kind of mobile phones .
（5） and turn the radio down，will you？
（6）Statistical work shall be public supervision.
10．be reunited with，be made up of，get distracted by，keep in touch with，live life to the full，ahead of，far from，get through
（1）Nowadays，we can move around the world and still the people that we want to remain friends with.
（2）Jessie was sad and her friends helped her the first awful week after she was injured.
（3）This football team 20 players，most of whom are young.
（4） charging consumers high prices，many of these online services are free.
（5）After ten years，the poor girl her family again.
（6）He the noise outside and became very upset.
（7）Basically there are so many benefits of exercising that you really can't without it.
（8）If we work on the project together，we should be able to complete it schedule.
11．correspond to；be based on；at one's peak；fall into ruin；lead to；deal with
（1）In this firm，the manager the general in the army.
（2）This kind of discussion will certainly still greater differences between the two parties.
（3）Their numerical system，derived from the Babylonians， multiples of the number six.
（4）It is becoming increasingly difficult to the problems of traffic in big cities.
（5） ，Houston was the golden girl of the music world.
（6）A large number of churches after revolution.
12．（2024 长春开学）
A.leave...alone B.has confidence in C.coming to an end D.cleaning up E.was associated with F.drop out G.refer to H.in a majority I.stay in touch with J.in search of K.graduate from L.add...to...
（1）The meeting was when I reached the meeting room.
（2）In summary，in the nursing profession，women are .
（3）There are so many convenient ways for you to your faraway friends.
（4）He spent all Saturday morning the house.
（5）At first，this topic environmental protection.
（6）Jason Harley decided to of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
（7）If you the bad boy ，he will make trouble.
（8）Some animals migrate to the south warmer weather.
（9）She keeping up with others.
（10）You could the messages online no matter when you are confused.
13．（2023秋 福建期末）
be comprised of；subscribe to；make sense；think outside the box；engage in； stand out；stuff...with；up to；in charge of；expose...to...；
（1）To settle the conflict between statistics and theory，scientists have to be creative，and ﹣﹣﹣﹣ approach the problem from different directions.
（2）Despite various tough living conditions，they remained actively their scientific research.
（3）I finally made up my mind to remove the cupboard old books.
（4）People usually give two completely contradictory descriptions so it is you to make the right decisions.
（5）We have an evening paper，which is our family tradition for generations.
（6）The man the project was charged with theft.
（7）Most of the applicants were turned down，but he ended up because he was good at cooperating with others.
（8）Too much TV programmes will do great harm to children's eyesight.
14．（2023秋 鼓楼区校级期末）
speak up；adapt to；live off；participate in；at work；be comprised of；in charge of；come down with；break down；subscribe to；set out；up to
（1）I am Li Hua，a student the program "Talk and Talk" launched in the broadcasting station of our school.
（2）I longed to have the opportunity of these activities.
（3）The team had carried out decades of research on rose species which can extreme climates.
（4）It was reported that many children in the kindergarten had the disease.
（5）With your antivirus software ，your computer is well﹣protected.
（6）At first，Xie Lei had no idea what she should say，but what surprised her was that she found herself in class after just a few weeks.
（7）It is a team 15 brilliant people，and I'm sure it will win the competition.
（8）Instead of money from their parents，they make money on their own.
（9）Because he was being so kind and concerned，I and cried.
（10）I have never the view that schooldays are the happiest time of my life.
15．（2024春 建邺区校级期末）
throw oneself into in turn run out of at large set up be lost in do the trick refer to hit the spot bring up fall apart with a bang
（1）Usually as a genius，Chaplin was among the most influential figures in film history.
（2）The rapid development of the Xiong'an New Area led to increased wealth，which would attract more graduates to this region.
（3）It is for more than 10 years that those talented female athletes the chase for the championship.
（4）A special fund which for the disabled came under the spotlight.
（5）The once﹣stable systems that were seen as permanent in the old era seem .
（6）He is very aware of what topics he should not ，especially when talking with sensitive people.
（7）As he his patience，he couldn't contain his anger any more.
（8）I didn't know what exactly ，but I definitely felt much better after a few minutes.
（9）The naive girl stopped and stared out of the window，obviously a daydream.
（10）Despite some exceptions，the latest report is reflective of the public opinion .
高考英语考前押题卷 选词填空
参考答案与试题解析
一．选词填空（共15小题）
1．
be set in ，can't help but，to the full ，on a daily basis ，arise from，result in，turn down，make the most of ，look back on，as opposed to
（1）The new year is around the corner，so it is time for us to look back on the past days and make plans to improve ourselves.
（2）He spares a few minutes for himself to reflect on what he has done on a daily basis .
（3）Research has shown that having a preference for junk food can result in obesity.
（4）I felt really disappointed that my proposal was turned down by my parents.
（5）Seeing the abandoned car near the village，I could't help but wonder what had happened to it.
（6）The movie，which is set in Shanghai ，will be released this month.
（7）Research shows that emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.
（8）Students are encouraged to make the most of their spare time to participate in social practice.
【答案】（1）to look back on；（2）on a daily basis；（3）result in；（4）turned down；（5）could't help but；（6）is set in；（7）arise from；（8）make the most of
【分析】（1）新年就要到了，是时候回顾过去的日子，制定计划来提高自己了。
（2）他抽出几分钟时间反思自己每天所做的事情。
（3）研究表明，偏爱垃圾食品会导致肥胖。
（4）我的建议被父母拒绝了，我真的很失望。
（5）看到村子附近那辆被遗弃的汽车，我不禁想知道它发生了什么事。
（6）这部以上海为背景的电影将于本月上映。
（7）研究表明，情绪或心理问题可能由身体原因引起。
（8）鼓励学生充分利用业余时间参与社会实践。
【解答】（1）to look back on.考查动词短语。句意：新年就要到了，是时候回顾过去的日子，制定计划来提高自己了。根据句意可知表示"回顾"，用固定短语look back on，这里作it is time for us的真正的主语，用动词不定式，故填to look back on。
（2）on a daily basis.考查介词短语。句意：他抽出几分钟时间反思自己每天所做的事情。根据句意可知表示"每天"，用固定短语on a daily basis，故填on a daily basis。
（3）result in.考查动词短语。句意：研究表明，偏爱垃圾食品会导致肥胖。根据句意可知表示"导致"，用固定短语result in，can后用动词原形，故填result in。
（4）turned down.考查动词短语。句意：我的建议被父母拒绝了，我真的很失望。根据句意可知表示"拒绝"，用固定短语turn down，和my proposal构成被动关系，was后用过去分词，故填turned down。
（5）could't help but.考查动词短语。句意：看到村子附近那辆被遗弃的汽车，我不禁想知道它发生了什么事。根据句意可知表示"不禁"，用固定短语can't help but，和从句时态呼应，用一般过去时，故填could't help but。
（6）is set in.考查固定短语。句意：这部以上海为背景的电影将于本月上映。根据句意可知表示"以......为背景"，用固定短语be set in，介绍电影的特点，用一般现在时，故填is set in。
（7）arise from.考查动词短语。句意：研究表明，情绪或心理问题可能由身体原因引起。根据句意可知表示"由......引起"，用固定短语arise from，can后用动词原形，故填arise from。
（8）make the most of.考查动词短语。句意：鼓励学生充分利用业余时间参与社会实践。根据句意可知表示"充分利用"，用固定短语make the most of，are encouraged to后用动词原形，故填make the most of。
【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。
2．
weigh up，pass up，get back to，put off ，make up one's mind ，have second thoughts ，reject. . .out of hand ，apply to
（1）The reason why May is good at oral English is that she has never put off any opportunity to practise talking to native speakers.
（2）His suggestions were rejected out of hand at the meeting，which made him extremely frustrated.
（3）I had planned to accept the post ，but when I got to know that the job was demanding，I began to have second thoughts about my choice.After weighing up the advantages and disadvantages of the job，I finally decided to take it.
【答案】（1）put off；（2）rejected out of hand；（3）have second thoughts；weighing up
【分析】（1）梅擅长英语口语的原因是她从未推迟过与母语为英语的人练习口语的机会。
（2）他的建议在会上被当场否决，这使他极为沮丧。
（3）我本来打算接受这个职位，但当我知道这份工作要求很高时，我开始重新考虑我的选择。在权衡了这份工作的利弊之后，我终于决定接受它。
【解答】（1）put off .考查动词短语。句意：梅擅长英语口语的原因是她从未推迟过与母语为英语的人练习口语的机会。根据句意可知表示"推迟"，用固定短语put off，has后用过去分词，故填put off。
（2）rejected out of hand.考查动词短语。句意：他的建议在会上被当场否决，这使他极为沮丧。根据句意可知表示"被当场否决"，用固定短语reject...out of hand的被动形式，were后用过去分词，故填rejected out of hand。
（3）have second thoughts；weighing up.考查动词短语。句意：我本来打算接受这个职位，但当我知道这份工作要求很高时，我开始重新考虑我的选择。在权衡了这份工作的利弊之后，我终于决定接受它。根据句意可知表示"重新考虑"，用固定短语have second thoughts，began to后用动词原形；根据句意可知表示"权衡"，用固定短语weigh up，After后用动名词，故填have second thoughts；weighing up。
【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。
3．
in reality，look back，close to，be engaged in，be composed of
（1）Because of the language barrier，it's very hard for them to be engaged in my education.
（2） In reality ，the people that surround you have a huge impact on your current mood.
（3）I can look back on things with a clear conscience.I did everything I could.
（4）We have had meaningful negotiations and I believe we are very close to a deal.
（5）It is said that the committee is composed of professors and engineers.
【答案】（1）be engaged in（2）In reality（3）look back（4）close to（5）is composed of
【分析】（1）因为语言障碍，他们很难参与我的教育。
（2）实际上，你周围的人对你现在的情绪有很大的影响。
（3）我可以问心无愧地回顾过去，我做了我能做的一切。
（4）我们进行了有意义的谈判，我相信我们已经达成了协议。
（5）据说这个委员会是由教授和工程师组成的。
【解答】（1）be engaged in.考查固定搭配。根据句意"因为语言障碍，他们很难参与我的教育。"可知要填的词为"be engaged in参与"，it作形式主语，所以用不定式作真正主语，故填be engaged in.
（2）In reality.考查固定搭配。根据句意"实际上，你周围的人对你现在的情绪有很大的影响。"可知要填的词为"in reality实际上"，故填In reality.
（3）look back.考查动词短语。根据句意"我可以问心无愧地回顾过去，我做了我能做的一切。"可知要填的词为"look back回顾"，前面有can，所以用动词原形，故填look back.
（4）close to.考查形容词短语。根据句意"我们进行了有意义的谈判，我相信我们已经达成了协议。"可知要填的词为"close to接近于"，故形容词短语作表语，填close to.
（5）is composed of.考查固定搭配。根据句意据说这个委员会是由教授和工程师组成的。""可知要填的词为"be composed of由……组成"，描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，主语为单数名词，故填is composed of.
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语，名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
4．
be accustomed to，take off，cast a shadow on，set foot on，be aware of，be replaced by，tune in，on board
（1）Most of the students have been accustomed to getting up early after entering senior high school.
（2）When visiting another country，you should be aware of those differences and respect them.
（3）It is reported that everyone on board was helped out safe.
（4）When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
（5）It is believed that teachers will never be replaced by computers in the classroom.
（6）As soon as they set foot on the island，they were greatly impressed with the rare plants.
（7）The news will be broadcast in five minutes.Let's tune in to watch it.
（8）The judgement cast a shadow on his future，so he felt angry and decided to appeal to a higher court.
【答案】（1）been accustomed to；（2）be aware of；（3）on board；（4）take off；（5）be replaced by；（6）set foot on；（7）tune in；（8）cast a shadow on
【分析】（1）大多数学生在进入高中后已经习惯于早起。
（2）当你参观另一个国家时，你应该意识到这些差异并尊重它们。
（3）据报道，船上的每个人都得到了安全的救助。
（4）延误的航班何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。
（5）人们相信老师永远不会被教室里的电脑所取代。
（6）他们一踏上这座岛，就对这些稀有植物印象深刻。
（7）新闻将在五分钟后广播。让我们打开电视来看看吧。
（8）这次判决给他的未来蒙上了阴影，因此他感到愤怒，决定向更高一级法院上诉。
【解答】（1）been accustomed to.考查固定短语。句意：大多数学生在进入高中后已经习惯于早起。根据句意可知表示"习惯于"，用固定短语be accustomed to，have后用过去分词构成现在完成时，故填been accustomed to。
（2）be aware of.考查固定短语。句意：当你参观另一个国家时，你应该意识到这些差异并尊重它们。根据句意可知表示"意识到"，用固定短语be aware of，should后用动词原形，故填be aware of。
（3）on board.考查介词短语。句意：据报道，船上的每个人都得到了安全的救助。根据句意可知表示"船上的"，用固定短语on board，故填on board。
（4）take off.考查动词短语。句意：延误的航班何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。根据句意可知表示"起飞"，用固定短语take off，will后用动词原形，故填take off。
（5）be replaced by.考查固定短语。句意：人们相信老师永远不会被教室里的电脑所取代。根据句意可知表示"被......所取代"，用固定短语be replaced by，will后用动词原形，故填be replaced by。
（6）set foot on.考查动词短语。句意：他们一踏上这座岛，就对这些稀有植物印象深刻。根据句意可知表示"踏上"，用固定短语set foot on，前后时态一致，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填set foot on。
（7）tune in.考查动词短语。句意：新闻将在五分钟后广播。让我们打开电视来看看吧。根据句意可知表示"打开（电视）"，用固定短语tune in，Let's后用动词原形，故填tune in。
（8）cast a shadow on.考查动词短语。句意：这次判决给他的未来蒙上了阴影，因此他感到愤怒，决定向更高一级法院上诉。根据句意可知表示"给......蒙上了阴影"，用固定短语cast a shadow on，前后时态一致，谓语动词用过去式，故填cast a shadow on。
【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。
5．
be replaced by，become accustomed to，take off，set foot on，tune in，reach for the stars，cast a shadow，one's heart in one's mouth
（1）In general I feel I have become accustomed to Chinese way of life.
（2）No man has ever set foot on that rocky island；it's impossible to land there.
（3）She heard a terrible noise，which brought her heart in her mouth .
（4）The plane took off ，lost an engine as it climbed，and crashed just off the runway.
（5）More than six million youngsters tune in to Blockbusters every day.
（6）If you want to reach for the stars ，why are you going to think about limits？
（7）The terrible accident cast a shadow on her later life.
（8）In 1936，the term ping﹣pong was replaced by the term "table tennis".
【答案】（1）have become accustomed to（2）set foot on（3）her heart in her mouth（4）took off（5）tune in（6）reach for the stars（7）cast a shadow（8）was replaced by
【分析】（1）总的来说，我觉得我已经习惯了中国人的生活方式。
（2）没有人登上过那个岩石岛，不可能在那里登陆。
（3）她听到一声可怕的声音，吓得心都提到嗓子眼儿了。
（4）飞机起飞了，在上升过程中一个引擎熄火了，就在跑道外坠毁了。
（5）每天有六百多万青少年收听大片。
（6）如果你想摘星，为什么还要考虑极限？
（7）可怕的事故给她后来的生活投下了阴影。
（8）1936年，"乒乓"一词被"乒乓球"一词取代。
【解答】（1）have become accustomed to.考查短语辨析。句意：总的来说，我觉得我已经习惯了中国的生活方式。根据句意可知此处表示"习惯于......"，用固定短语become accustomed to，结合主句谓动feel为一般现在时态和句意强调"已经习惯"，故应采用现在完成时态，又因为主语是第一人称I，故填have become accustomed to。
（2）set foot on.考查短语辨析。句意：没有人登上过那个岩石岛，不可能在那里登陆。根据句意可知此处表示"踏上，到达"，用固定短语set foot on，结合空前的has可知此处应填入过去分词，构成现在完成时，set的过去分词形势不变，故填set foot on。
（3）her heart in her mouth.考查短语辨析。句意：她听到一声可怕的声音，吓得心都提到嗓子眼儿了。根据句意可知此处表示"吓得要命"，用固定短语one's heart in one's mouth，和句子的主语是she保持一致，所以one's采用her，故填her heart in her mouth。
（4）took off.考查短语辨析。句意：飞机起飞了，在上升过程中一个引擎熄火了，就在跑道外坠毁了。根据句意可知此处表示"起飞"，用固定短语take off，和and后的时态保持一致，采用一般过去时态，故填took off。
（5）tune in.考查短语辨析。句意：每天有六百多万青少年收听大片。根据句意可知此处表示"收听"，用固定短语tune in，every day暗示句子采用一般现在时态，主语More than six million youngsters为复数名词，所以谓语动词用原形，故填tune in。
（6）reach for the stars.考查短语辨析。句意：如果你想摘星，为什么还要考虑极限？根据句意可知此处表示"摘星星"，用固定短语reach for the stars，空前的want to do"想要做某事"，后跟动词原形，故填reach for the stars。
（7）cast a shadow.考查短语辨析。句意：可怕的事故给她后来的生活投下了阴影。根据句意可知此处表示"投下阴影"，用固定短语cast a shadow，结合句意可知，"事故"发生在过去，所以"投下阴影"也是发生在过去，应该采用一般过去时态，cast的过去时形式就是cast，故填cast a shadow。
（8）was replaced by.考查短语辨析。句意：1936年，"乒乓"一词被"乒乓球"一词取代。根据句意可知此处表示"被......替代"，用固定短语be replaced by，根据句中的时间状语in 1936可知应使用一般过去时态；主语为第三人称单数，故填was replaced by。
【点评】考查选词完成句子。选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语。如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非调语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语形式。名词（短语）要注意单复数形式。
6．
in the face of ，come one's way ，by contrast ，focus on，turn out，twists and turns，take a leaf out of one's book
（1） In the face of any difficulty ，we should keep calm and think positively.
（2）Life is full of twists and turns and only those who are optimistic can get the pleasure from it.
（3）With the enthusiastic participation and support of all the students，the activity turned out to be a great success.
（4）Accept the challenges that come your way and turn them into life lessons.
（5）Your brother has been admitted to Peking University.You should take a leaf out of his book .
【答案】（1）In the face of；（2）twists and turns；（3）turned out；（4）come your way；（5）take a leaf out of his book
【分析】（1）面对任何困难，我们都应该保持冷静，积极思考。
（2）生活充满曲折，只有乐观的人才能从中得到快乐。
（3）在全体学生的积极参与和支持下，活动取得了圆满成功。
（4）接受人生道路上的挑战，并将其转化为人生课程。
（5）你哥哥被北京大学录取了。你应该向他学习。
【解答】（1）In the face of.考查介词短语。句意：面对任何困难，我们都应该保持冷静，积极思考。根据句意可知表示"面对"，用固定短语in the face of，首字母大写，故填In the face of。
（2）twists and turns.考查名词短语。句意：生活充满曲折，只有乐观的人才能从中得到快乐。根据句意可知表示"曲折"，用固定短语twists and turns，故填twists and turns。
（3）turned out.考查动词短语。句意：在全体学生的积极参与和支持下，活动取得了圆满成功。根据句意可知表示"取得；结果"，用固定短语turn out，说明过去的动作，用一般过去时，故填turned out。
（4）come your way.考查动词短语。句意：接受你人生道路上的挑战，并将其转化为人生课程。根据句意可知表示"人生道路上的"，祈使句的主语时you，所以定语从句的谓语动词用固定短语come your way，故填come your way。
（5）take a leaf out of his book.考查动词短语。句意：你哥哥被北京大学录取了。你应该向他学习。根据句意可知表示"向他学习"，和Your brother一致，用固定短语take a leaf out of his book，should后用动词原形，故填take a leaf out of his book。
【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。
7．
meet with，as to，most of all，rush into，contribute to，in the hope of，row upon row，start out
（1）After university she was still undecided as to what career she wanted to pursue.
（2）Don't be discouraged when you meet with difficulties.Everything will be fine sooner or later.
（3）There are many reasons why I didn't use my car today. Most of all ，it's a lovely day for walking.
（4）The city has changed greatly；there are row upon row of skyscrapers.
（5）The company started out as a small firm with 30 employees and gradually turned into an international one.
（6）Relaxing by whatever method that suits you best is a positive way of contributing to your good health.
【答案】（1）as to；（2）meet with；（3）Most of all；（4）row upon row；（5）started out；（6）contributing to
【分析】（1）大学毕业后，她还没有决定要从事什么职业。
（2）当你遇到困难时不要气馁。一切迟早会好起来的。
（3）我今天没有开车有很多原因。最重要的是，今天是散步的好日子。
（4）这个城市发生了巨大的变化，这里有了一排排的摩天大楼。
（5）该公司最初是一家有30名员工的小公司，后来逐渐发展成为一家国际公司。
（6）用任何最适合你的方法放松都是有益于健康的积极方式。
【解答】（1）as to.考查介词短语。句意：大学毕业后，她还没有决定要从事什么职业。根据句意可知表示"关于"，用固定短语as to，故填as to。
（2）meet with.考查动词短语。句意：当你遇到困难时不要气馁。一切迟早会好起来的。根据句意可知表示"遇到"，用固定短语meet with，和从句时态一致，用一般现在时，故填meet with。
（3）Most of all.考查固定短语。句意：我今天没有开车有很多原因。最重要的是，今天是散步的好日子。根据句意可知表示"最重要的是"，用固定短语most of all，首字母大写，故填Most of all。
（4）row upon row.考查名词短语。句意：这个城市发生了巨大的变化，这里有了一排排的摩天大楼。根据句意可知表示"一排排的"，用固定短语row upon row，故填row upon row。
（5）started out.考查动词短语。句意：该公司最初是一家有30名员工的小公司，后来逐渐发展成为一家国际公司。根据句意可知表示"最初"，用固定短语start out，前后时态一致，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填started out。
（6）contributing to.考查动词短语。句意：用任何最适合你的方法放松都是有益于健康的积极方式。根据句意可知表示"有益于"，用固定短语contribute to，作of的宾语，用动名词，故填contributing to。
【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。
8．
at the expense of，at the click of，in favour of ，make ends meet，go into debt，take advantage of，take off，cut down on，do a further favour，refer to，rent out
（1）The current economy does a further favour for the development of e﹣commerce.
（2）The state cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self﹣driving cars.
（3）The competitiveness of our price is made possible by our cost control but not at the expense of quality.
（4）A rush business decision made him go into debt .
（5）We hope you can take advantage of this chance so that you will benefit from the expanding market.
（6）The sharing economy is taking off in China，where ride﹣sharing is increasingly commonplace.
（7）Affected by the economic crisis，Mike's father lost his job and the family could barely make ends meet .
（8）There's no doubt that cutting down on plastic will help the environment.
（9）The " natural" greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short﹣wave radiation.
【答案】（1）does a further favour；（2）rent out；（3）at the expense of；（4）go into debt；（5）take advantage of；（6）taking off；（7）make ends meet；（8）cutting down on；（9）refers to
【分析】（1）当前的经济形势更有利于电子商务的发展。
（2）该州为这家公司销售或租赁自我驾驶汽车扫清了道路。
（3）我们的价格之所以具有竞争力，是因为我们的成本控制，而不是以牺牲质量为代价。
（4）匆忙的商业决定使他负债累累。
（5）我们希望你们能利用这次机会，从不断扩大的市场中获益。
（6）共享经济正在中国兴起，共享单车越来越普遍。
（7）受经济危机的影响，迈克的父亲失去了工作，全家几乎入不敷出。
（8）毫无疑问，减少塑料用量将有助于环境保护。
（9）"自然"温室效应是指来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式加热地球表面。
【解答】（1）does a further favour.考查动词短语。句意：当前的经济形势更有利于电子商务的发展。根据句意可知表示"更有利于"，用固定短语do a further favour，说明现在的情况，用一般现在时，和主语The current economy一致，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填does a further favour。
（2）rent out.考查动词短语。句意：该州为这家公司销售或租赁自我驾驶汽车扫清了道路。根据句意可知表示"租赁"，用固定短语rent out，和sell并列，用动词原形，故填rent out。
（3）at the expense of.考查介词短语。句意：我们的价格之所以具有竞争力，是因为我们的成本控制，而不是以牺牲质量为代价。根据句意可知表示"以......为代价"，用固定短语at the expense of，故填at the expense of。
（4）go into debt.考查动词短语。句意：匆忙的商业决定使他负债累累。根据句意可知表示"使......负债累累"，用固定短语go into debt，作made him宾补，用动词原形，故填wgo into debt。
（5）take advantage of.考查动词短语。句意：我们希望你们能利用这次机会，从不断扩大的市场中获益。根据句意可知表示"利用"，用固定短语take advantage of，can后用动词原形，故填take advantage of。
（6）taking off.考查动词短语。句意：共享经济正在中国兴起，共享单车越来越普遍。根据句意可知表示"兴起"，用固定短语take off，和后句时态一致，用现在进行时，is后用现在分词，故填taking off。
（7）make ends meet.考查动词短语。句意：受经济危机的影响，迈克的父亲失去了工作，全家几乎入不敷出。根据句意可知表示"收支平衡"，用固定短语make ends meet，could后用动词原形，故填make ends meet。
（8）cutting down on.考查短语。句意：毫无疑问，减少塑料用量将有助于环境保护。根据句意可知表示"减少......的量"，用固定短语cut down on，作主语，用动名词，故填cutting down on。
（9）refers to.考查动词短语。句意："自然"温室效应是指来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式加热地球表面。根据句意可知表示"指"，用固定短语refer to，说明事实，用一般现在时，和主语The " natural" greenhouse effect一致，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填refers to。
【点评】选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。
9．subject to，response to，at the expense of，at rock﹣bottom prices，do a further favour，vary from…to
（1）These things are worth having but not at the expense of better services.
（2）The importance of being an Olympian will vary from athlete to athlete.
（3）They have made generous response to the appeals for funds.
（4）You can get this kind of mobile phones at rock﹣bottom prices .
（5） Do a further favour and turn the radio down，will you？
（6）Statistical work shall be subject to public supervision.
【答案】（1）at the expense of；（2）vary from；to；（3）response to
（4）at rock﹣bottom prices；（5）Do a further favour；（6）subject to
【分析】（1）这些东西值得拥有，但不能以更好的服务为代价。
（2）不同运动员成为奥运选手的重要性各不相同。
（3）他们对募捐的呼吁作出了慷慨的回应。
（4）你可以以最低价买到这种手机。
（5）再帮个忙，把收音机的声音关小一点，好吗？
（6）统计工作应当接受社会监督。
【解答】（1）at the expense of.考查短语辨析。句意：这些东西值得拥有，但不能以更好的服务为代价。根据句意可知表示"以…为代价"，用固定短语at the expense of，故填at the expense of.
（2）vary from；to.考查短语辨析。句意：不同运动员成为奥运选手的重要性各不相同。根据句意可知表示"从…到…不同"，用固定短语vary from；to，will后用动词原形，故填vary from；to.
（3）response to.考查短语辨析。句意：他们对募捐的呼吁作出了慷慨的回应。根据句意可知表示"回应"，用固定短语make response to，故填response to.
（4）at rock﹣bottom prices.考查短语辨析。句意：你可以以最低价买到这种手机。根据句意可知表示"以最低价"，用固定短语at rock﹣bottom prices，故填at rock﹣bottom prices.
（5）Do a further favour.考查短语辨析。句意：再帮个忙，把收音机的声音关小一点，好吗？根据句意可知表示"再帮个忙"，用固定短语do a further favour，首字母大写，故填Do a further favour.
（6）subject to.考查短语辨析。句意：统计工作应当接受社会监督。根据句意可知表示"受到"，用固定短语be subject to，故填subject to.
【点评】这个题型需要学生熟知单词或者固定短语的用法，包括它的多个含义；同时对于题面设定的语境也要完全了解，这样才能选出正确的短语，运用它们的正确形式，例如动词短语的谓语和非谓语，时态和语态。
10．be reunited with，be made up of，get distracted by，keep in touch with，live life to the full，ahead of，far from，get through
（1）Nowadays，we can move around the world and still keep in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.
（2）Jessie was sad and her friends helped her get through the first awful week after she was injured.
（3）This football team is made up of 20 players，most of whom are young.
（4） Far from charging consumers high prices，many of these online services are free.
（5）After ten years，the poor girl was reunited with her family again.
（6）He got distracted by the noise outside and became very upset.
（7）Basically there are so many benefits of exercising that you really can't live life to the full without it.
（8）If we work on the project together，we should be able to complete it ahead of schedule.
【答案】（1）keep in touch with；（2）get through；（3）is made up of；（4）Far from；（5）was reunited with；（6）got distracted by；（7）live life to the full；（8）ahead of
【分析】（1）如今，我们可以在周游世界时，仍然与我们想成为朋友的人保持联系。
（2）杰西很伤心，她的朋友们帮助她度过了受伤后第一个糟糕的星期。
（3）这支足球队由20名队员组成，其中大多数是年轻人。
（4）这些在线服务中有许多是免费的，而不是向消费者收取高昂的价格。
（5）十年后，这个可怜的女孩又与家人团聚了。
（6）他被外面的噪音弄得心烦意乱，变得非常不安。
（7）基本上，锻炼有很多好处，如果没有锻炼，你真的无法充分享受生活。
（8）如果我们一起做这个项目，我们应该能够提前完成。
【解答】（1）keep in touch with.考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，我们可以在周游世界时，仍然与我们想成为朋友的人保持联系。根据句意可知表示"与......保持联系"，用固定短语keep in touch with，和move around the world并列，can后用动词原形，故填keep in touch with。
（2）get through.考查动词短语辨析。句意：杰西很伤心，她的朋友们帮助她度过了受伤后第一个糟糕的星期。根据句意可知表示"度过"，用固定短语get through，作helped her的宾补用（to）do，故填get through。
（3）is made up of.考查固定短语辨析。句意：这支足球队由20名队员组成，其中大多数是年轻人。根据句意可知表示"由......组成"，用固定短语be made up of，和从句时态一致，用一般现在时态，故填is made up of。
（4）Far from.考查固定短语辨析。句意：这些在线服务中有许多是免费的，而不是向消费者收取高昂的价格。根据句意可知表示"而不是"，用固定短语far from，首字母大写，故填Far from。
（5）was reunited with.考查固定短语辨析。句意：十年后，这个可怜的女孩又与家人团聚了。根据句意可知表示"又与......团聚"，用固定短语be reunited with，和After ten years一致，用一般过去时态，故填was reunited with。
（6）got distracted by.考查动词短语辨析。句意：他被外面的噪音弄得心烦意乱，变得非常不安。根据句意可知表示"被......弄得心烦意乱"，用固定短语get distracted by，前后时态一致，用一般过去时态，故填got distracted by。
（7）live life to the full.考查动词短语辨析。句意：基本上，锻炼有很多好处，如果没有锻炼，你真的无法充分享受生活。根据句意可知表示"充分享受生活"，用固定短语live life to the full，can't后用动词原形，故填live life to the full。
（8）ahead of.考查固定短语辨析。句意：如果我们一起做这个项目，我们应该能够提前完成。根据句意可知表示"提前"，用固定短语ahead of schedule，故填ahead of。
【点评】这个题型需要学生熟知单词或者固定短语的用法，包括它的多个含义；同时对于题面设定的语境也要完全了解，这样才能选出正确的短语，运用它们的正确形式，例如动词短语的谓语和非谓语，时态和语态。
11．correspond to；be based on；at one's peak；fall into ruin；lead to；deal with
（1）In this firm，the manager corresponds to the general in the army.
（2）This kind of discussion will certainly lead to still greater differences between the two parties.
（3）Their numerical system，derived from the Babylonians， was based on multiples of the number six.
（4）It is becoming increasingly difficult to deal with the problems of traffic in big cities.
（5） At her peak ，Houston was the golden girl of the music world.
（6）A large number of churches fell into ruin after revolution.
【答案】（1）corresponds to（2）lead to（3）was based on（4）deal with（5）At her peak（6）fell into ruin
【分析】（1）在这家公司里，经理相当于军队里的将军。
（2）这样的讨论肯定会导致双方的分歧更大。
（3）他们的数字系统源自巴比伦人，是基于数字6的倍数。
（4）处理大城市的交通问题正变得越来越困难。
（5）在她的巅峰时期，休斯顿是音乐界的黄金女郎。
（6）革命后，大量的教堂倒塌了。
【解答】（1）corresponds to.考查动词短语。句意：在这家公司里，经理相当于军队里的将军。分析可知，空处缺谓语，correspond to意为"相当于"，符合句意，要用一般现在时，注意主谓一致。故填corresponds to。
（2）lead to.考查动词短语。句意：这样的讨论肯定会导致双方的分歧更大。分析可知，空处和前面的will构成句子谓语，lead to意为"导致"，符合句意，且情态动词后跟动词原形。故填lead to。
（3）was based on.考查固定短语和时态。句意：他们的数字系统源自巴比伦人，是基于数字6的倍数。分析可知，空处为句子谓语，be based on意为"基于……"，表达的是过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填was based on。
（4）deal with.考查动词短语。句意：处理大城市的交通问题正变得越来越困难。分析可知，句子为it做形式主语，空处和前面的不定式to做句子真正的主语，所以空处为动词原形，deal with意为"处理"，符合句意。故填deal with。
（5）At her peak.考查介词短语。句意：在她的巅峰时期，休斯顿是音乐界的黄金女郎。分析可知，空处和句子逗号隔开，做句子状语，at one's peak意为"在某人的巅峰"，符合句意。故填At her peak。
（6）fell into ruin.考查动词短语和时态。句意：革命后，大量的教堂倒塌了。分析可知，空处为句子谓语，fall into ruin意为"倒塌"，符合句意，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填fell into ruin。
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如主谓一致，动词的时态，语态，固定短语，名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
12．（2024 长春开学）
A.leave...alone B.has confidence in C.coming to an end D.cleaning up E.was associated with F.drop out G.refer to H.in a majority I.stay in touch with J.in search of K.graduate from L.add...to...
（1）The meeting was C when I reached the meeting room.
（2）In summary，in the nursing profession，women are H .
（3）There are so many convenient ways for you to I your faraway friends.
（4）He spent all Saturday morning D the house.
（5）At first，this topic E environmental protection.
（6）Jason Harley decided to F of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
（7）If you A the bad boy A ，he will make trouble.
（8）Some animals migrate to the south J warmer weather.
（9）She B keeping up with others.
（10）You could G the messages online no matter when you are confused.
【答案】CHIDE FAJBG
【分析】（1）当我到达会议室时，会议即将结束。
（2）总之，在护理行业中，妇女占多数。
（3）有很多方便的方式可以让你与远方的朋友保持联系。
（4）他整个星期六上午都在打扫房子。
（5）起初，这个主题与环境保护有关。
（6）杰森 哈雷决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只有一点钱就可以获得自由。
（7）如果你不管那个坏男孩，他会惹麻烦的。
（8）一些动物迁徙到南方寻找温暖的天气。
（9）她有信心跟上别人的步伐。
（10）无论你什么时候感到困惑，你都可以参考网上的消息。
【解答】（1）考查动词短语。句意：当我到达会议室时，会议即将结束。分析可知，此处为主句的谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示"结束"，C项coming to an end符合题意，与空前was构成过去进行时，故选C。
（2）考查介词短语。句意：总之，在护理行业中，妇女占多数。根据句意可知，此处表示"占多数"，H项in a majority符合题意，在句中作表语，故选H。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：有很多方便的方式可以让你与远方的朋友保持联系。分析可知，不定式符号to后应用动词原形，结合句意可知，此处表示"保持联系"，I项stay in touch with符合题意，故选I。
（4）考查动词短语。句意：他整个星期六上午都在打扫房子。根据spend time（in）doing sth"花时间做某事"可知，此处应用动名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示"打扫"，D项cleaning up符合题意，故选D。
（5）考查动词短语。句意：起初，这个主题与环境保护有关。分析可知，此处为句子的谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示"与......有关"，E项was associated with符合题意，此处为一般过去时的被动语态，故选E。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：杰森 哈雷决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只有一点钱就可以获得自由。分析可知，不定式符号to后应用动词原形，结合句意可知，此处表示"放弃"，F项drop out符合题意，故选F。
（7）考查动词短语。句意：如果你不管那个坏男孩，他会惹麻烦的。分析可知，此处为句子的谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示"不管"，A项leave...alone符合题意，结合"主将从现"的原则可知，句子使用了一般现在时表将来，主语为you，谓语动词应用原形，故选A。
（8）考查介词短语。句意：一些动物迁徙到南方寻找温暖的天气。结合句意可知，此处表示"寻找"，J项in search of符合题意，故选J。
（9）考查动词短语。句意：她有信心跟上别人的步伐。分析可知，此处为句子的谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示"有信心"，B项has confidence in符合题意，句子使用了一般现在时，主语为she，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故选B。
（10）考查动词短语。句意：无论你什么时候感到困惑，你都可以参考网上的消息。分析可知，不定式符号to后应用动词原形，结合句意可知，此处表示"参考"，G项refer to符合题意，故选G。
【点评】学生需正确理解句意，根据关键词句判断空处表达的含义。掌握备选短语的中文意思是解答本题的关键。
13．（2023秋 福建期末）
be comprised of；subscribe to；make sense；think outside the box；engage in； stand out；stuff...with；up to；in charge of；expose...to...；
（1）To settle the conflict between statistics and theory，scientists have to be creative，and think outside the box ﹣﹣﹣﹣ approach the problem from different directions.
（2）Despite various tough living conditions，they remained actively engaged in their scientific research.
（3）I finally made up my mind to remove the cupboard stuffed with old books.
（4）People usually give two completely contradictory descriptions so it is up to you to make the right decisions.
（5）We have subscribed to an evening paper，which is our family tradition for generations.
（6）The man in charge of the project was charged with theft.
（7）Most of the applicants were turned down，but he ended up standing out because he was good at cooperating with others.
（8）Too much exposure to TV programmes will do great harm to children's eyesight.
【答案】（1）think outside the box（2）engaged in（3）stuffed with（4）up to（5）subscribed to（6）in charge of（7）standing out（8）exposure to
【分析】（1）为了解决统计和理论之间的冲突，科学家们必须具有创造性，跳出固有思维，从不同的方向解决问题。
（2）尽管生活条件艰苦，他们仍然积极从事科学研究。
（3）我终于下定决心把塞满旧书的柜子搬走。
（4）人们通常会给出两种完全矛盾的描述，所以这取决于你做出正确的决定。
（5）我们订了一份晚报，这是我们家几代人的传统。
（6）负责该项目的人被指控犯有盗窃罪。
（7）大多数申请人都被拒绝了，但他最终脱颖而出，因为他善于与他人合作。
（8）看太多的电视节目对孩子们的视力有很大的危害。
【解答】（1）考查动词短语。句意：为了解决统计和理论之间的冲突，科学家们必须具有创造性，跳出固有思维，从不同的方向解决问题。根据空前be creative，and以及句意"跳出固有思维"可知应填think outside the box，have to后跟动词原形。故填think outside the box。
（2）考查动词短语。句意：尽管生活条件艰苦，他们仍然积极从事科学研究。根据空前Despite various tough living conditions以及句意"从事"可知应填engage in，此处作表语应用engaged in，故填engaged in。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：我终于下定决心把塞满旧书的柜子搬走。根据空后old books以及句意"塞满……"可知stuff…with符合题意，与cupboard构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填stuffed with。
（4）考查介词短语。句意：人们通常会给出两种完全矛盾的描述，所以这取决于你做出正确的决定。根据空后you to make the right decisions以及句意"取决于"可知应填up to，故填up to。
（5）考查动词短语。句意：我们订了一份晚报，这是我们家几代人的传统。根据空后an evening paper以及句意"订阅"可知应填subscribe to，结合have可知为现在完成时，空处填过去分词，故填subscribed to。
（6）考查介词短语。句意：负责该项目的人被指控犯有盗窃罪。根据空后the project以及句意"负责"可知应填in charge of，介词短语作后置定语，故填in charge of。
（7）考查动词短语。句意：大多数申请人都被拒绝了，但他最终脱颖而出，因为他善于与他人合作。根据空后because he was good at cooperating with others以及句意"脱颖而出"可知应填stand out，end up doing sth."最终做某事"是固定搭配，故填standing out。
（8）考查动词短语。句意：看太多的电视节目对孩子们的视力有很大的危害。根据空后TV programmes will do great harm to children's eyesight以及句意"接触"可知应填expose…to…，此处作主语，应用名词短语exposure to，故填exposure to。
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
14．（2023秋 鼓楼区校级期末）
speak up；adapt to；live off；participate in；at work；be comprised of；in charge of；come down with；break down；subscribe to；set out；up to
（1）I am Li Hua，a student in charge of the program "Talk and Talk" launched in the broadcasting station of our school.
（2）I longed to have the opportunity of participating in these activities.
（3）The team had carried out decades of research on rose species which can adapt to extreme climates.
（4）It was reported that many children in the kindergarten had come down with the disease.
（5）With your antivirus software at work ，your computer is well﹣protected.
（6）At first，Xie Lei had no idea what she should say，but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
（7）It is a team comprised of 15 brilliant people，and I'm sure it will win the competition.
（8）Instead of living off money from their parents，they make money on their own.
（9）Because he was being so kind and concerned，I broke down and cried.
（10）I have never subscribed to the view that schooldays are the happiest time of my life.
【答案】（1）in charge of（2）participating in（3）adapt to（4）come down with（5）at work（6）speaking up（7）comprised of（8）living off（9）broke down（10）subscribed to
【分析】（1）我叫李华，是我校广播站《说说吧》栏目的主持人。
（2）我渴望有机会参加这些活动。
（3）该团队对能够适应极端气候的玫瑰品种进行了数十年的研究。
（4）据报道，这个幼儿园的许多孩子都染上了这种病。
（5）有了杀毒软件工作，你的电脑就得到了很好的保护。
（6）一开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么，但令她惊讶的是，仅仅几周后，她就在课堂上开口说话了。
（7）这是一个由15名杰出的人组成的团队，我相信它会赢得比赛。
（8）他们不是靠父母的钱生活，而是自己赚钱。
（9）因为他对我那么好，那么关心我，我忍不住哭了。
（10）我从不认同学生时代是我一生中最快乐的时光。
【解答】（1）考查介词短语。句意：我叫李华，是我校广播站《说说吧》栏目的主持人。根据句意可知，此处表示"负责"，应填短语in charge of，故填in charge of。
（2）考查动词短语。句意：我渴望有机会参加这些活动。根据句意可知，此处表示"参加"，应用短语participate in，分析句子结构可知，此处作介词of的宾语，动词应用动名词形式。故填participating in。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：该团队对能够适应极端气候的玫瑰品种进行了数十年的研究。分析可知，此处为which引导的定语从句的谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示"适应"，应用短语adapt to，且情态动词can后应跟动词原形。故填adapt to。
（4）考查动词短语。句意：据报道，这个幼儿园的许多孩子都染上了这种病。分析可知，此处为that引导的主语从句的谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示"染病"，应用短语come down with，根据空前had可知，句子使用了过去完成时，动词应用过去分词。故填come down with。
（5）考查介词短语。句意：有了杀毒软件工作，你的电脑就得到了很好的保护。分析可知，此处作宾补，根据句意可知，此处表示"工作"，应填短语at work，故填at work。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：一开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么，但令她惊讶的是，仅仅几周后，她就在课堂上开口说话了。根据句意可知，此处表示"说话，发言"，应用短语speak up，分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，speak up与宾语herself之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作宾补。故填speaking up。
（7）考查动词短语。句意：这是一个由15名杰出的人组成的团队，我相信它会赢得比赛。根据句意可知，此处表示"由......组成"，应用短语be comprised of，分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，故应用过去分词作宾补，省略be动词。故填comprised of。
（8）考查动词短语。句意：他们不是靠父母的钱生活，而是自己赚钱。根据句意可知，此处表示"靠……生活"，应用短语live off，分析可知，此处作介词of的宾语，动词应用动名词形式。故填living off。
（9）考查动词短语。句意：因为他对我那么好，那么关心我，我忍不住哭了。分析可知，此处与and后的cried并列作谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示"情绪崩溃"，应用短语break down，句子是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填broke down。
（10）考查动词短语。句意：我从不认同学生时代是我一生中最快乐的时光。分析可知，此处为主句的谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示"认同，同意"，应用短语subscribe to，根据空前have可知，句子使用了现在完成时，动词应用过去分词。故填subscribed to。
【点评】学生需正确理解句意，根据关键词句判断空处表达的含义。掌握备选短语的中文意思是解答本题的关键。
15．（2024春 建邺区校级期末）
throw oneself into in turn run out of at large set up be lost in do the trick refer to hit the spot bring up fall apart with a bang
（1）Usually referred to as a genius，Chaplin was among the most influential figures in film history.
（2）The rapid development of the Xiong'an New Area led to increased wealth，which in turn would attract more graduates to this region.
（3）It is for more than 10 years that those talented female athletes have thrown themselves into the chase for the championship.
（4）A special fund which was set up for the disabled came under the spotlight.
（5）The once﹣stable systems that were seen as permanent in the old era seem to fall apart .
（6）He is very aware of what topics he should not bring up ，especially when talking with sensitive people.
（7）As he ran out of his patience，he couldn't contain his anger any more.
（8）I didn't know what exactly did the trick ，but I definitely felt much better after a few minutes.
（9）The naive girl stopped and stared out of the window，obviously lost in a daydream.
（10）Despite some exceptions，the latest report is reflective of the public opinion at large .
【答案】（1）referred to （2）in turn （3）have thrown themselves into（4）was set up （5）to fall apart（6）bring up（7）ran out of （8）did the trick （9）lost in （10）at large
【分析】（1）Chaplin通常被称为天才，是电影史上最有影响力的人物之一。
（2）雄安新区的快速发展带来了财富的增加，这反过来会吸引更多的毕业生来到这个地区。
（3）10多年来，那些有天赋的女运动员一直在追逐冠军。
（4）一个为残疾人设立的专项基金引起了人们的注意。
（5）那些在旧时代被认为是永久稳定的系统似乎要瓦解。
（6）他非常清楚哪些话题不应该提起，尤其是在与敏感的人交谈时。
（7）当他失去耐心时，他再也无法控制自己的愤怒了。
（8）我不知道确切是什么，但在几分钟后我确实感觉好多了。
（9）那个天真的女孩停下来看着窗外，显然陷入了白日梦中。
（10）尽管有些例外，最新的报告反映了公众的整体意见。。
【解答】（1）考查动词短语。句意：Chaplin通常被称为天才，是电影史上最有影响力的人物之一。这里需要一个表示"称为"的短语。"refer to"是指"提到、称呼"，这里用被动语态"referred to"表示"被称为"，作非谓语，符合句子的结构和意思。故填referred to。
（2）考查介词短语。句意：雄安新区的快速发展带来了财富的增加，这反过来会吸引更多的毕业生来到这个地区。"in turn"表示"继而、反过来"，用于描述一种因果关系，即前面的发展导致财富增加，财富增加又导致更多毕业生被吸引。故填in turn。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：10多年来，那些有天赋的女运动员一直在追逐冠军。根据空前for more than 10 years可知本空应填现在完成时，根据主语those可知本空应填have done，故填have thrown themselves into。
（4）考查动词短语。句意：一个为残疾人设立的专项基金引起了人们的注意。"set up"表示"设立"，这里需要用过去式和被动语态"was set up"来说明这个基金在过去某个时间点被设立。故填was set up。
（5）考查动词短语。句意：那些在旧时代被认为是永久稳定的系统似乎要瓦解。"fall apart"表示"分崩离析、瓦解"，seem to do sth似乎做某事。故填to fall apart。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：他非常清楚哪些话题不应该提起，尤其是在与敏感的人交谈时。should后加动词原型，"bring up"表示"提起、谈到"，符合句子的意思。故填bring up。
（7）考查动词短语。句意：当他失去耐心时，他再也无法控制自己的愤怒了。"run out of"表示"用完、耗尽"，这里根据后文"couldn't"的时态使用过去式"ran out of"表示他的耐心已经耗尽，无法再控制愤怒。故填ran out of。
（8）考查动词短语。句意：我不知道确切是什么，但在几分钟后我确实感觉好多了。这里需要一个表示某个动作或因素奏效的短语。根据"didn't"使用过去时"did the trick"，表示"奏效、起作用"。这里表示不确定具体是什么因素，但确实产生了好的效果，使得说话者感觉好转。故填did the trick。
（9）考查动词短语。句意：那个天真的女孩停下来看着窗外，显然陷入了白日梦中。逗号前的句子主谓宾结构完整，"lost in"在这里作非谓语，表示"沉浸于、迷失在"，表示女孩沉浸在白日梦中符合句意。故填lost in。
（10）考查介词短语。句意：尽管有些例外，最新的报告反映了公众的整体意见。"at large"表示"整体的、普遍的"，与句子的意思相符，表示报告反映了整体的公众意见。故填at large。
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文和语法知识来帮助判断其形式。
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