2016年高考江苏卷英语试题解析（精编版）

2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）
英
语
2016年江苏高考英语卷总评
2016年江苏高考英语卷总体难度较
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )前三年有所降低，紧扣高中英语课程标准的教学要求，对考生在英语听力、词汇、语法、英语知识综合应用、阅读理解、书面表达等知识和能力进行了全面、深入的考察。整体稳定，注重基础，贴近生活，努力将知识和能力的考查融为一体，难易结合，体现了英语高考改革的趋势。
听力：
听力部分沿用全国卷听力，除了Text1
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )0部分语速稍快，前面9段材料语速比较正常，总体难度不算大，和往年相似，考查的都是平时常用的功能性用语，考查形式以细节信息、语音辨析、意图推测、结论判断等题型为主。
单选：“中规中矩”
单选部分同往年相同，强调在语境中理解词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )汇的意思。侧重对词汇和词组的考查，考点为名词性从句、动词、动词词组、形容词副词、非谓语、情景交际等，贴近生活实际。重视语法基础，题量和重点语法点基本没变，难度有所下降，只要学生正常发挥，不要被平时难题所影响，应该可以拿满分。
完形填空是一个有关人生感悟
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的故事。“John”在和陌生人交流以后反思人生，这篇完形填空仍以名词、动词和词组、及形容词副词为主，词汇为较为常用的高频词。几乎所有的答案都可以在上下文中找到串联痕迹，这也是理解这篇完形填空的重要线索。
阅读部分“题量设置沿袭过去两年，难度有所降低”
今年与往年相比较，阅读部分是难度下降最多的，主要体现在词汇、长难句和文章的整体理解，设题以细节理解题为主，推理判断为辅。
A篇是一篇说明文介绍网络课程，文章以短
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句为主，难度一般，使用关键词定位法可以直接找到答案。B篇是科技说明文，说明了黑猩猩的主观能动性，比去年的B篇相比难度下降较多。C篇为说明文，主要介绍厄尔尼诺现象，本文与时事结合较为紧密，话题也是考生较为熟悉的，但本文中的专业词汇和长难句对理解有一定影响。D篇是记叙文，介绍了牙买加女运动员的励志故事，难度较去年也有较大的下降，集中考查细节题。
任务型阅读是这份试卷中最有区分度的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，说明了科技对人们生活的积极影响，文章结构清晰，依然考查了考生在信息检索、内容归纳、语言结构等方面的知识与能力。较难的概括提炼的部分，也是区分优秀生和中等生的关键。
书面表达：“旧瓶装新酒”
延续前两年“读写任务型”写作，总字
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )数要求不变，凸显了考生分析材料的能力，写作便于考生写出紧扣主题的个性化内容。讨论话题为“网络投票”，建议使用“with复合结构”开始，提出网络投票的积极作用和消极作用两方面。我们可以根据网络投票的正反两面性梳理好观点，根据相应的功能句型，应该能得到不错的分数。
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分
听力（共两节，满分
30
分）
做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共
5
小题；每小题
1.5
分，满分
7.5
分）
听下面
5
段对话，每段对
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )话后有一个小题。从题中所给的
A、B、C
三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10
秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：
How
much
is
the
shirt
A.
19.15.
B.
9.18.
C.
9.15.
答案是
C。
1.
What
are
the
speakers
talking
about
A.
Having
a
birthday
party.
B.
Doing
some
exercise.
C.
Getting
Lydia
a
gift.
2.
What
is
the
woman
going
to
do
A.
Help
the
man.
B.
Take
a
bus.
C.
Get
a
camera.
3.
What
does
the
woman
suggest
the
man
do
A.
Tell
Kate’s
to
stop.
B.
Call
Kate’s
friends.
C.
Stay
away
from
Kate.
4.
Where
does
the
conversation
probably
take
place
A.
In
a
wine
shop.
B.
In
a
supermarket.
C.
In
a
restaurant.
5.
What
does
the
woman
mean
A.
Keep
the
window
closed.
B.
Go
out
for
fresh
air.
C.
Turn
on
the
fan.
第二节
（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.
What
is
the
man
going
to
do
this
summer
A.
Teach
a
course.
B.
Repair
his
house.
C.
Work
at
a
hotel.
7.
How
will
the
man
use
the
money
A.
To
hire
a
gardener.
B.
To
buy
books.
C.
To
pay
for
a
boat
trip.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.
What
is
the
probable
relationship
between
the
speakers
A.
Schoolmates.
B.
Colleagues.
C.
Roommates.
9.
What
does
Frank
plan
to
do
right
after
graduation
A.
Work
as
a
programmer.
B.
Travel
around
the
world.
C.
Start
his
own
business.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.
Why
does
the
woman
make
the
call
A.
To
book
a
hotel
room.
B.
To
ask
about
the
room
service.
C.
To
make
changers
to
a
reservation.
11.
When
will
the
woman
arrive
at
the
hotel
A.
On
September
15.
B.
On
September
16.
C.
On
September
23.
12.
How
much
will
the
woman
pay
for
her
room
per
night
A.
$179.
B.$199.
C.
$219.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.
What
is
the
woman’s
plan
for
Saturday
A.
Going
shopping.
B.
Going
camping.
C.
Going
boating.
14.
Where
will
the
woman
stay
in
Keswick
A.
In
a
country
inn
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).
B.
In
a
five-star
hotel.
C.
In
her
aunt’s
home.
15.
What
will
Gordon
do
over
the
weekend
A.
Visit
his
friends.
B.
Watch
DVDs.
C.
Join
the
woman.
16.
What
does
the
woman
think
of
Gordon’s
coming
weekend
A.
Relaxed.
B.
Boring.
C.
Busy.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.
Who
is
Wang
Ming
A.
A
student.
B.
An
employer.
C.
An
engineer.
18.
What
does
the
speaker
say
about
the
college
job
market
this
year
A.
It’s
unpredictab
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le.
B.
It’s
quite
stable.
C.
It’s
not
optimistic.
19.
What
percentage
of
student
job
seekers
have
found
a
job
by
now
A.20%.
B.22%.
C.50%.
20.
Why
are
engineering
graduates
more
likely
to
accept
a
job
A.
They
need
more
work
experience
B.
The
salary
is
usually
good.
C.
Their
choice
is
limited.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It
is
generally
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
considered
unwise
to
give
a
child
______
he
or
she
wants.
A.
however
B.
whatever
C.
whichever
D.
whenever
答案是B。
21.
It
is
often
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )case
______anything
is
possible
for
those
who
hang
on
to
hope.
A.
why
B.
what
C.
as
D.
that
【答案】D
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【名师点睛】
that
引导主语从句：由连词tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下被放到句子的后面，用it
作形式主语来代替它的位置。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句的句型有三种。
1.
It
+
be
+
形容词+that从句
　　适用于这种句型的常见形容词有：ne
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，obvious，surprising
etc。
　　1)
It’s
clear
that
they
badly
need
help。很明显，他们急需援助。
　　2)
It’s
possi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ble
that
we
can
carry
out
the
project
at
last.
最终我们能完成这项工程是有可能的。
　表语为
necessary，clea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r，true，strange,
important,
wonderful，possible,
likely,
obvious,
surprising,
astonishing,
etc.等形容词时，谓语动词的形式一般为“should
＋
动词原形”
　　3)
It
is
necessary
that
you
(should)master
the
computer.
你很有必要掌握电脑。
　　4)
It
is
strange
that
he
should
have
killed
himself
.真奇怪，他竟然自杀了
2.
It
+be
+名词词组+
that从句
　　常用于这种句型的名词词组有：a
fac
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t，
a
good
idea，a
pity，an
hour，a
shame，no
wonder，good
news
etc.
　　1)
It’s
a
pity
that
you
missed
the
film.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。
　　2)
―Tom
has
a
bad
cold.
汤姆患了重感冒。
―It
is
no
wonder
that
he
looks
pale.
――难怪他看起来脸色苍白。
　　3)
It
is
a
g
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reat
shame
that
he
should
have
stolen
a
pen.
他竟然偷钢笔，真是太丢脸了。
shame
所用的句中要用虚拟语气。
3.
It
+
be+
过去分词+
that从句
　　常有的过去分词有：said，rep
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orted,
hoped,
believed,
expected,
decided,
well-known,
thought,
suggested
等。
　　1)
It
is
well-kno
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wn
that
the
earth
moves
around
the
sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
　　2)
It’s
reported
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat
the
two
countries
have
made
an
agreement
about
their
trades.
　　据报道这两个国家就贸易问题达成协议。
　　过去分词表示：建议，命令，愿望如sugg
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ested
，
ordered，
requested等词时，从句需用虚拟语气。动
词形式为：should
＋
原型。
　　1)
It
is
request
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
that
Mr.
Wang
(should)
give
a
performance.有人请求王先生表演一个节目。
　　2)
It
is
suggeste
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
that
we
should
discuss
the
problem
.有人建议我们应该讨论一下这个问题。
考点：考查主语从句
22.
More
efforts,
as
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
reported,
______in
the
years
ahead
to
accelerate
the
supply-side
structural
reform.
A.
are
made
B.
will
be
made
C.
are
being
made
D.
have
been
made
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查时态语态。句意：正如
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )报道的那样，在之前几年中做出的努力加速了供给结构改革的速度。本句的时间状语“in
the
years
ahead过去的几年”通常和现在完成时连用，且efforts与动词make构成被动关系，所以使用被动语态。所以要使用现在完成时的被动语态形式，故D正确。
考点：考查时态语态
23.
Many
young
peo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple,
most
______were
well-educated,
headed
for
remote
regions
to
chase
their
dreams.
A.
of
which
B.
of
them
C.
of
whom
D.
of
those
【答案】C
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【名师点睛】
“of
whom
/
which”引导
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的定语从句：在非限制性定语从句中，先行词作为一个整体，表示整体中的一部分，即表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用…of
which /
whom或者of
which
/
whom…都可以。但与表示所属关系不同，这里不能用whose来代替of
which。
一、表示整体中的部分
The
buses, mos
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
of
which were
already
full,
were
surrounded
by
an
angry
crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。
I
picked
up
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
apples, some
of
which were
badly
bruised. 我拣起那些苹果，其中有一些伤得很厉害。
I
bought
a
dozen
eggs
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
six
of
which
broke
when
I
dropped
the
box. 我买了一打鸡蛋，六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了。
There
are
two
bottles
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )left, one
of
which is
almost
finished
and
the
other
of
which
is
not
quite. 只剩两瓶，一瓶快喝完了，另一瓶没完全喝完。
The
treasure
some
of
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hich
has
been
recovered,
has
been
sent
to
the
British
Museum. 这些宝藏已送往大英博物馆，其中有一些是失而复得的。
二、表示所属关系
He’s
written
a
book,
the
name
of
which
I’ve
forgotten. 他写了一本书，书名我忘了。
句中的the
name
of
which=whose
name。
It
was
an
agre
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ement
the
details
of
which
could
not
be
altered. 这是一项其细节不可更改的协定。
句中的the
details
of
which=whose
details。
考点：考查定语从句
24.
—
Can
you
tell
us
your
for
happiness
and
a
long
life
—
Living
every
day
to
the
full,
definitely.
A.
recipe
B.
record
C.
range
D.
receipt
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查名词词义辨析。名词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收条；句意：—你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的秘密吗？—当然是尽情享受每一天。根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。
考点：考查名词辨析
25.
He
did
not
easily
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
but
was
willing
to
accept
any
constructive
advice
for
a
worthy
cause.
A.
approach
B.
wrestle
C.
compromise
D.
communicate
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词辨析。动词appro
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗争，努力解决；compromise妥协；和解；让步；communicate交流；句意：他并容易妥协，但是对于正义的事业，他愿意接受任何建设性的建议。根据句意可知C项正确。
考点：考查动词词义辨析
26.
______some
pe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople
are
motivated
by
a
need
for
success,
others
are
motivated
by
a
fear
of
failure.
A.
Because
B.
If
C.
Unless
D.
While
【答案】D
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【名师点睛】
连词while根据上下文有以下不同作用和含义。
一、引导时间状语从句 译作“当……时”。例如：
1. Make hay while the sun shines. 趁着有太阳晒晒草。（乘机行事，抓紧时机。）
2. We must work hard to gain more knowledge while we are young.
趁着现在还年轻，我们必须刻苦学习，获得更多的知识。
二、引导让步状语从句
常放在句首，译作“尽管”、“虽然”，比although或 though语气要轻。例如：
While I believe it is true, I cannot prove it. 虽然我相信那是真的，但我无法证明。
三、引导条件状语从句
相当于as long as，译作“只要”。例如：
1. While there is life, there is hope.有生命，就有希望。
2. While a spark
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of life remains, it is a doctor's duty to save the patient.
只要病人还有一息生机，医生就有责任挽救。
四、引导原因状语从句
相当于since，有“既然”的意思。例如：
1. You'll never sav
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e any money while you're so extravagant. 你这么奢侈，永远存不下钱来。
2. I'd like to ge
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t it settled today while we're at it. 既然我们着手干了，我想今天就把它干完。
五、连接并列句
表示对比，相当于whereas，译作“而”、“可是”。 例如：
1. An outdoors man
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) will soon become pale if he changes to an indoor job, while a desk clerk will take on a tan after a short vacation in the sun.
从事室外工作的人如果调到室内工作，不久肤色就会变白；而一个伏案工作的文员出去度个短假，就会被太阳变黑。
2. Motion is absolute while stagnation is relative. 运动是绝对的，而静止是相对的。
六、连接并列句 表示递进，相当于and what is more, 译作“并且”、“而且”。例如：
The new man-made fi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bres are more hardwearing than natural fibres and greatly reduce mending, while good ready-made clothes are cheap and plentiful.
新的人造纤维比天然纤维耐磨，因此能大大减少修补工作，而且做好的衣服价廉物美，数量也多。
考点：考查连词
27.
If
it
for
his
invitation
the
other
day,
I
should
not
be
here
now.
A.
had
not
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een
B.
should
not
be
C.
were
not
to
be
D.
should
not
have
been
【答案】A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【名师点睛】
有时条件从句和主句所表示的动作在时
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )间上可以不一致（例如一个与过去事实相反，另一个与现在事实相反），这种虚拟条件句就称为错综时间虚拟条件句。在这种条件句中，动词的形式要根据具体情况进行调整。
例句：
She
would
never
have
behaved
like
that
if
she
had
some
common
sense.
如果她有一些常识的话，她就决不会像那样做了。
If
I
had
a
bike
(now),
I
would
have
lent
it
to
you
yesterday.
假如我有自行车，昨天早就借给你了。
句型说明： 错综时间条件句中，特别注意时间状语，在这种情况下必须明确给以时间或通过上下文可明白看出时间不同，否则就按一般时间搭配使用。
考点：考查虚拟语气
28.
In
art
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )riticism,
you
must
assume
the
artist
has
a
secret
message
within
the
work.
A.
to
hide
B.
hidden
C.
hiding
D.
being
hidden
【答案】B
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【名师点睛】
过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。过去分词作定语时，所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语，过去分词相当于谓语。 过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。有时也不表示时间性。作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。
例如： He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。
也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。
例如： fallen leaves 落叶 retired workers 退休工人 the risen sun 升起的太阳
注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况：
1. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。例如：
We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。
My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。
单个分词也可以作后置定语，用以强调动作。例如：
They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。
2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
例如：The student dressed in white is my daughter.
=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.)穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。
3. 如果被修饰的词是由every
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。
例如： There is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nothing changed here since I left this town.自从我离开这个城镇以来，几乎没有什么变化。
4. 单个过去分词前加一名词或
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )副词，常用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合形容词，放在其修饰的名词前，作前置定语。分词前加的名词表示分词的动作或行为主体，所加的副词表示方
式、时间、程度、性质等意义。
例如： This is a state-owned factory. 这是一家国营工厂。
5. 作前置定语的某些动词的过去分词的形式与作谓语或表语的过去分词的形式往往不一样。
考点：考查分词做定语
29.
Dashan,
who
crosst
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alk,
the
Chinese
comedic
tradition,
for
decades,
wants
to
mix
it
up
with
the
Western
stand-up
tradition.
A.
will
be
learnin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
B.
is
learning
C.
had
been
learning
D.
has
been
learning
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查时态。本句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的时间状语是“for
decades几十年来”，该时间状语通常和现在完成的有关时态连用，本句强调这几十年来大山一直努力把中国相声和西方的脱口秀相结合。所以使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续性和反复性。故D正确。
考点：考查时态
30.
Many
bus
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inesses
started
up
by
college
students
have
thanks
to
the
comfortable
climate
for
business
creation.
A.
fallen
off
B.
taken
off
C.
turned
off
D.
left
off
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。短语fa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll
off跌落，下降；take
off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn
off关闭；leave
off停止，中断；句意：由于良好的创业环境，很多大学生创办的生意都很成功。根据句意可知B正确。
考点：考查动词短语辨析
31.
His
comprehensi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve
surveys
have
provided
the
most
statements
of
how,
and
on
what
basis,
data
are
collected.
A.
explicit
B.
ambiguous
C.
original
D.
arbitrary
【答案】A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
考点：考查形容词词义辨析
32.
—Only
those
who
have
a
lot
in
common
can
get
along
well.
—
.
Opposites
sometimes
do
attract.
A.
I
hope
not
B.
I
think
so
C.
I
appreciate
that
D.
I
beg
to
differ
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查交际用语。I
hope
n
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot我可不希望这样；I
think
so我认为如此；I
appreciate
that我很感激；I
beg
to
differ恕我不能同意；本题的关键词是后句“Opposites
sometimes
do
attract.”意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。说明对话两个人的意见并不一致。故D项“恕我不能同意”符合上下文。
考点：考查交际用语
33.
Parents
should
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )actively
urge
their
children
to______the
opportunity
to
join
sports
teams.
A.
gain
admission
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B.
keep
track
of
C.
take
advantage
of
D.
give
rise
to
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查短语辨析。动词短
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语gain
admission
to
获准进入；keep
track
of记录；take
advantage
of利用；give
rise
to引起；句意：父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加体育活动。根据句意可知C项正确。
考点：考查短语辨析
34.
Not
until
rec
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ently
______the
development
of
tourist-related
activities
in
the
rural
areas.
A.
they
had
encouraged
B.
had
they
encouraged
C.
did
they
encourage
D.
they
encouraged
【答案】C
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【名师点睛】
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1.句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, no
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。例如：
Nowhere will you fi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。
Not until the child
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。
当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
2.
so, neither, nor作部分倒装
用这些词表示"也"、"也
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不" 的句子要部分倒装。例如： Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。 If you won't go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。
3.
only在句首，且强调状语时,句子也必须部分倒装。
例如：Only in this way, can you learn English well.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
其他部分倒装
1） so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。例如：
So frightened was he t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。
2） 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如：
May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。
考点：考查部分倒装
35.
—Jack
still
can’t
help
being
anxious
about
his
job
interview.
—Lack
of
self-confidence
is
his______,
I
am
afraid.
A.
Achilles’
heel
B.
child’s
play
C.
green
fingers
D.
last
straw
【答案】A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
考点：考查谚语
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Years
ago,
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )critical
event
occurred
in
my
life
that
would
change
it
forever.
I
met
Kurt
Kampmeir
of
Success
Motivation
Incorporation
for
breakfast.
While
we
were
___36
,Kurt
asked
me,
“
John,
what
is
your
37
for
personal
growth
Never
at
a
lo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ss
for
words,
I
tried
to
find
things
in
my
life
that
might
38
for
growth.
I
told
him
about
the
many
activities
in
which
I
was
39
.
And
I
went
into
a
40
about
how
hard
I
worked
and
the
gains
I
was
making.
I
must
have
talked
for
ten
minutes.
Kurt
41
patiently,
but
then
he
42
smiled
and
said,
“You
don’t
have
a
personal
plan
for
growth,
do
you ”
“No,
I
43
.
“You
know,”
Kurt
said
simply,
“growth
is
not
a(n)
44
process.”
And
that’s
when
it
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
45
me.
I
wasn’t
doing
anything
46
to
make
myself
better.
And
at
that
moment,
I
made
the
47
:
I
will
develop
and
follow
a
personal
growth
plan
for
my
48
.
That
night,
I
talked
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
my
wife
about
my
49
with
Kurt
and
what
I
had
learned.
I
50
her
the
workbook
and
tapes
Kurt
was
selling.
We
51
that
Kurt
wasn’t
just
trying
to
make
a
sale.
He
was
offering
a
52
for
us
to
change
our
lives
and
achieve
our
dreams.
Several
important
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
things
happened
that
day.
First,
we
decided
to
53
the
resources.
But
more
importantly,
we
made
a
commitment
to
54
together
as
a
couple.
From
that
day
on,
we
learned
together,
traveled
together,
and
sacrificed
together.
It
was
a
55
decision.
While
too
many
couples
grow
apart,
we
were
growing
together.
36.
A.
working
B.
preparing
C.
thinking
D.
eating
37.
A.
suggestion
B.
demand
C.
plan
D.
request
38.
A.
appeal
B.
look
C.
call
D.
qualify
39.
A.
involved
B.
trapped
C.
lost
D.
bathed
40.
A.
lecture
B.
speech
C.
discussion
D.
debate
41.
A.
calculated
B.
listened
C.
drank
D.
explained
42.
A.
eagerly
B.
gradually
C.
gratefully
D.
finally
43.
A.
admitted
B.
interrupted
C.
apologized
D.
complained
44.
A.
automatic
B.
slow
C.
independent
D.
changing
45.
A.
confused
B.
informed
C.
pleased
D.
hit
46.
A.
on
loan
B.
on
purpose
C.
on
sale
D.
on
balance
47.
A.
comment
B.
announcement
C.
decision
D.
arrangement
48.
A.
life
B.
progress
C.
performance
D.
investment
49.
A.
contract
B.
conversation
C.
negotiation
D.
argument
50.
A.
lent
B.
sold
C.
showed
D.
offered
51.
A.
recalled
B.
defined
C.
recognized
D.
declared
52.
A.
tool
B.
method
C.
way
D.
rule
53.
A.
provide
B.
buy
C.
give
D.
deliver
54.
A.
grow
B.
survive
C.
move
D.
gather
55.
A.
difficult
B.
random
C.
firm
D.
wise
【答案】36-40.DCDA
B
41-45.BDAAD
46-50.BCABC
51-55.
CCBAD
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于记叙文，如果我们要成功，就需要有详细的个人成长计划，在Kurt的影响之下，我和妻子在一起成长，取得了很好的个人成就。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
40.B
考查名词辨析。名词lec
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ture讲课，训话；speech演说，演讲；discussion讨论；debate辩论；争论；我在发表关于自己如何努力工作并取得了很大的成就的演讲。与讨论、争论及讲课无关。故B正确。
41.B
考查上下文串联。动
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词calculate计算，估算；listen听；drink喝；explain解释；我讲了十几分钟自己的个人努力及成就，Kurt在耐心的听我说。故B正确。
42.D
考查副词辨析。副词ea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gerly急切地；gradually逐渐地；gratefully感激地；finally最后，终于；耐心地听我讲了很长时间，最后他笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？故D正确。
43.A
考查动词辨析。动词admi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t承认；interrupt打断；apologize道歉；complain抱怨；“Kurt笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？”这是一个否定的反义疑问句，在回答的时候“no”翻译为“是的”。说明我承认自己并没有个人成长计划。故A项正确。
44.A
考查形容词辨析。形容词au
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tomatic自动的；slow缓慢的；independent独立的；changing不断变化的；Kurt告诉我成长并不是一个自动的过程，一定要有计划性，有计划的个人成长才是有效的成长。从那以后我意识到自己在这方面的缺乏并作出改变。BCD三项与语义不搭配。
45.D
考查动词辨析。动词con
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fuse使...困惑；inform通知；please使...高兴；取悦；hit击中；打动；触动；Kurt的话触动了我，我的确没有有意识地做一些事情让自己变得更好。故D项正确。
46.B
考查介词辨析。介词on
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oan暂借，出借的；on
purpose故意地；on
sale降价出售；on
balance总之；他的话让我意识到自己的确没有有意地做一些让自己更好的事情。故B项正确。
47.C
考查上下文串联。根据文章
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )55空It
was
a
55
decision.可知我做出了一个决定：要为我的生活做一个个人的成长计划。故C项正确。
48.A
考查上下文串联
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。名词life生活；progress进步；performance表现；investment投资；根据what
is
your
37
for
personal
growth 可知这个计划是为个人成长计划，是与个人生活有关的计划。BCD三项都属于A项的范围。故A正确。
49.B
考查上下文串联。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )名词contract合同，契约；conversation对话；negotiation谈判；协商；argument争论；根据文章前两段可知我和Kurt在吃早饭的时候，进行了一次关于个人成长计划的谈话。故B正确。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【名师点睛】
完形填空的首句往往开宗明义，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文章的脉络与线索。一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；
以本文为例，作者在前两句中提
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )及到时间：years
ago，for
breakfast；人物：I、Kurt说明叙述的是多年之前在吃早饭的时候，我和Kurt进行的一番对话。
另外完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。本文均为词汇知识的辨析。
同时我们利用复现信息解题。语篇
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Day
school
P
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rogramSecondary
students
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )across
Toronto
District
School
Board(TDSB)
are
invited
to
take
one
or
two
e-Learning
courses
on
their
day
school
timetable.
Students
will
remain
on
the
roll
at
their
day
school.The
on-line
clas
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sroom
provides
an
innovative
relevant
and
interactive
Learning
environment.
The
courses
and
on-line
classroom
are
provided
by
the
Ministry
of
EducationThese
on-line
courses
are
taught
by
TDSB
secondary
school
teachers
are
part
of
the
TDSB
Student’s
time
table;
and
appear
on
the
Student’s
report
upon
completionBenefits
of
e-LearningInclude:
Access
to
courses
that
may
not
be
available
at
his
or
her
TDSB
school
Using
technology
to
provide
students
with
current
information:
and.
assistance
to
solve
timetable
conflictsIs
e-Learning
for
You Students
who
are
successful
in
on-line
course
are
usually;
able
to
plan,
organize
time
and
complete
assignments
and
activities;
capable
of
working
independently
in
a
responsible
and
honest
manner;
and
,
able
to
regularly
use
a
computer
or
mobile
device
with
internet
accessStudents
need
to
spend
at
least
as
much
time
with
their
on-line
course
work
as
they
would
in
a
face-to-face
classroom
course.
56.
E-Learning
cours
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es
are
different
from
other
TDSB
courses
in
that
.
A.
they
are
given
by
best
TDSB
teachers.
B.
they
are
not
on
the
day
school
timetable.
C.
they
are
not
included
on
students’
reports.
D.
they
are
an
addition
to
TDSB
courses.
57.
What
do
students
need
to
do
before
completing
e-learning
courses
A.
To
learn
information
technology
on-line.
B.
To
do
their
assignments
independently.
C.
To
update
their
mobile
devices
regularly.
D.
To
talk
face
to
face
with
their
teachers.
【答案】56.
D
57.
B
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【名师点睛】
在完成广告类阅读时，我们可以使用题干定向法和排除法解题。
1.题干定向法：
如果题干的问题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )与原文中的相应句段基本相同，则可直接对号入座；如果题干的问题与原文中的相应句段有较大出入，则要进行一定的处理，这个“
处理”是多方面的，它可能包括对原文进行同义变换、对概念进行解析、对事实进行归纳、将具体问题抽象化或将抽象问题具体化、将文中提到的原则或规则进行实际运用等等。
以为例根据题干内容，定位于Ben
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )efits
of
e-Learning部分Access
to
courses
that
may
not
be
available
at
his
or
her
TDSB
school可知E-Learning中的一些课程是TDSB课程的一些有益的补充。
2.错误排除法：一般说来
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，对于那些与文意明显不符或与文章内容不相关的选项比较容易排除，
但有些选项与文章内容相符，却与题干问题不吻合，即属答非所问的情形，也应作为错误项予以排除，尤其是那些从文章中摘录的句子，要特别小心，它们很有可能是干扰项。除了验证其是否能回答所提问题外，还要看它是否回答了问题的主要方面，
也就是说看它是不是最佳答案，
如果它只能回答所提问题的一个侧面或还有比它更合适的选项，都要毫不犹豫地将其排除。
考点：考查广告类阅读
B
Chimps(黑猩猩)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )will
cooperate
in
certain
ways,
like
gathering
in
war
parties
to
protect
their
territory.
But
beyond
the
minimum
requirements
as
social
beings,
they
have
little
instinct
(本能)
to
help
one
another.
Chimps
in
the
wild
seek
food
for
themselves.
Even
chimp
mothers
regularly
decline
to
share
food
with
their
children.
Who
are
able
from
a
young
age
to
gather
their
own
food.
In
the
labora
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tory,
chimps
don’t
naturally
share
food
either.
If
a
chimp
is
put
in
a
cage
where
he
can
pull
in
one
plate
of
food
for
himself
or,
with
no
great
effort,
a
plate
that
also
provides
food
for
a
neighbor
to
the
next
cage,
he
will
pull
at
random
---he
just
doesn’t
care
whether
his
neighbor
gets
fed
or
not.
Chimps
are
truly
selfish.
Human
children,
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
the
other
hand
are
extremely
corporative.
From
the
earliest
ages,
they
decide
to
help
others,
to
share
information
and
to
participate
a
achieving
common
goals.
The
psychologist
Michael
Tomasello
has
studied
this
cooperativeness
in
a
series
of
expensive
with
very
young
children.
He
finds
that
if
babies
aged
18
months
see
an
worried
adult
with
hands
full
trying
to
open
a
door,
almost
all
will
immediately
try
to
help.
There
are
several
re
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )asons
to
believe
that
the
urges
to
help,
inform
and
share
are
not
taught
.but
naturally
possessed
in
young
children.
One
is
that
these
instincts
appear
at
a
very
young
age
before
most
parents
have
started
to
train
children
to
behave
socially.
Another
is
that
the
helping
behaviors
are
not
improved
if
the
children
are
rewarded.
A
third
reason
is
that
social
intelligence.
Develops in children before their general cognitive（认知的）skills,at least when compared with chimps..In tests conducted by Tomtasell, the children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests, but were considerably better at understanding the social world
The
cure
of
what
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
children’s
minds
have
and
chimps’
don’t
in
what
Tomasello
calls
what.
Part
of
this
ability
is
that
they
can
infer
what
others
know
or
are
thinking.
But
that,
even
very
young
children
want
to
be
part
of
a
shared
purpose.
They
actively
seek
to
be
part
of
a
“we”,
a
group
that
intends
to
work
toward
a
shared
goal.
58.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
experiment
with
chimps
A.
Chimps
seldom
care
about
others’
interests.
B.
Chimps
tend
to
provide
food
for
their
children.
C.
Chimps
like
to
take
in
their
neighbors’
food.
D.
Chimps
naturally
share
food
with
each
other.
59.
Michael
Tomasel
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lo’s
tests
on
young
children
indicate
that
they____.
A.
have
the
instinct
to
help
others
B.
know
how
to
offer
help
to
adults
C.
know
the
world
better
than
chimps
D.
trust
adults
with
their
hands
full
60.
The
passage
is
mainly
about
____.
A.
the
helping
behaviors
of
young
children
B.
ways
to
train
children’s
shared
intentionality
C.
cooperation
as
a
distinctive
human
nature
D.
the
development
of
intelligence
in
children
【答案】58.A
59.A
60.C
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【名师点睛】
本文属于主旨大意题。本文使用了正方形写作
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。即中心主题隐含在全文之中，没有明确的主题句。阅读这样的文章，就要求考生根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是，先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几个方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。该类型的试题则迎刃而解。注意总结性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。（自然段少的文章中心句不很明显。自然段多的文章，则比较好联系中心句，找一个和中心句最贴近的选项），文章段落的中间部分则可采用略读或扫读的方式，一则省时间，二则目标明确，正确率自然也相应提高了。掌握了找主题句或中心句的方法，就可以依据主题句或中心句归纳主题。
考生要特别注意： 首段陷阱。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )即首段虽然貌似主题句或中心句，但却没有完整概括文章全意，或只片面地说到文章的某一个层次，或者是作者设置的几个需要读者判定的文意。这样的信息用来做主题句或中心句就会落入陷阱。以本文为例：本文的第一段只是一个导入的段落，从第一段中猩猩的自私行为导入到第三段中人类无私帮助他人的本能，分析了人类愿意帮助他人、愿意与他人合作的本能天性的原因。
考点：考查科普说明文阅读
C
El
Nifio,
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Spanish
term
for
“the
Christ
child”,
was
named
by
South
American
fisherman
who
noticed
that
the
global
weather
pattern,
which
happens
every
two
to
seven
years,
reduced
the
amount
of
fishes
caught
around
Christmas.
El
Nifio
sees
warm
water,
collected
over
several
years
in
the
western
Pacific,
flow
back
eastwards
when
winds
that
normally
blow
westwards
weaken,
or
sometimes
the
other
way
round.
The
weather
effects
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )both
good
and
bad,
are
felt
in
many
places.
Rich
countries
gain
more
from
powerful
Nifio,
on
balance,
than
they
lose.
A
study
found
that
a
strong
Nifio
in
1997
helped
American’s
economy
grow
by
15
billion,
partly
because
of
better
agricultural
harvest,
farmers
in
the
Midwest
gained
from
extra
rain.
The
total
rise
in
agricultural
in
rich
countries
in
growth
than
the
fall
in
poor
ones.
But
in
Indonesia
ex
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tremely
dry
forests
are
in
flames.
A
multi-year
drought
(干旱）in
south-east
Brazil
is
becoming
worse.
Though
heavy
rains
brought
about
by
El
Nino
may
relieve
the
drought
in
California,
they
are
likely
to
cause
surface
flooding
and
other
disasters.
The
most
recent
pow
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erful
Nino,
in
1997-98,
killed
around
21,000
people
and
caused
damage
worth
$36
billion
around
the
globe.
But
such
Ninos
come
with
months
of
warning,
and
so
much
is
known
about
how
they
happen
that
governments
can
prepare.
According
to
the
Overseas
Development
Institute
(ODI),
however,
just
12%
of
disaster-relief
funding
in
the
past
two
decades
has
gone
on
reducing
risks
in
advance,
rather
than
recovery
and
rebuilding
afterwards.
This
is
despite
evidence
that
a
dollar
spent
on
risk-reduction
saves
at
least
two
on
reconstruction.
Simple
improveme
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts
to
infrastructure
(基础设施）can
reduce
the
spread
of
disease.
Better
sewers
(下水道）make
it
less
likely
that
heavy
rain
is
followed
by
an
outbreak
of
the
disease
of
bad
stomach.
Stronger
bridges
mean
villages
are
less
likely
to
be
left
without
food
and
medicine
after
floods.
According
to
a
paper
in
2011
by
Mr
Hsiang
and
co-authors,
civil
conflict
is
related
to
El
Nino’s
harmful
effects—and
the
poorer
the
country,
the
stronger
the
link.
Though
the
relationship
may
not
be
causal,
helping
divided
communities
to
prepare
for
disasters
would
at
least
reduce
the
risk
that
those
disasters
are
followed
by
killing
and
wounding
people.
Since
the
poorest
are
least
likely
to
make
up
for
their
losses
from
disasters
linked
to
El
Nino,
reducing
their
losses
needs
to
be
the
priority.
61.
What
can
we
learn
about
El
Nino
in
Paragraph
1
A.
It
is
named
after
a
South
American
fisherman.
B.
It
takes
place
almost
every
year
all
over
the
world.
C.
It
forces
fishermen
to
stop
catching
fish
around
Christmas.
D.
It
sees
the
changes
of
water
flow
direction
in
the
ocean.
62.
What
may
El
Ninos
bring
about
to
the
countries
affected
A.
Agricultural
harvests
in
rich
countries
fall.
B.
Droughts
become
more
harmful
than
floods.
C.
Rich
countries’
gains
are
greater
than
their
losses.
D.
Poor
countries
suffer
less
from
droughts
economically.
63.
The
data
provided
by
ODI
in
Paragraph
4
suggest
that_________.
A.
more
investment
should
go
to
risk
reduction
B.
governments
of
poor
countries
need
more
aid
C.
victims
of
El
Nino
deserve
more
compensation
D.
recovery
and
reconstruction
should
come
first
64.
What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
the
passage
A.
To
introduce
El
Nino
and
its
origin.
B.
To
explain
the
consequences
of
El
Nino.
C.
To
show
ways
of
fighting
against
El
Nino.
D.
To
urge
people
to
prepare
for
El
Nino.
【答案】61.D
62.C
63.A
64.D
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )【名师点睛】
本文属于阅读理解中的目的意
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )图题。作者在描述事实或传递信息时,不管他的意图是什么,其观点和态度都不可避免地在文章中反映出来 常见的涉及到作者态度的词有褒义类词（approving, positive, optimistic,等），贬义类词(critical, pessimistic, doubtful, questioning)和中性类词(indifferent, serious, objective, concerned, neutral)。这就要求考生在阅读时应特别注意文章的措辞,尤其注意那些表达感彩的形容词如improving, encouraging, disappointing, fail, ignore等，以及作者对人物语言 行为和思想的描写,从中领悟作者的写作意图和态度
本文最后一句Since
the
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oorest
are
least
likely
to
make
up
for
their
losses
from
disasters
linked
to
El
Nino,
reducing
their
losses
needs
to
be
the
priority.既然最贫穷的国家最不可能从厄尔尼诺这样的灾难中得到弥补，那么我们要把减少损失放在首要位置。从本句的措词中可以看出本文正是要敦促我们要为可能发生的厄尔尼诺做好准备。
考点：考查科普说明文阅读
D
Not
so
long
ag
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o,
most
people
didn’t
know
who
Shelly
Ann
Francis
Pryce
was
going
to
become.
She
was
just
an
average
high
school
athlete.
There
was
every
indication
that
she
was
just
another
American
teenager
without
much
of
a
future.
However,
one
person
wants
to
change
this.
Stephen
Francis
observed
then
eighteen-year-old
Shelly
Ann
as
a
track
meet
and
was
convinced
that
he
had
seen
the
beginning
of
true
greatness.
Her
time
were
not
exactly
impressive,
but
even
so,
he
seemed
there
was
something
trying
to
get
out,
something
the
other
coaches
had
overlooked
when
they
had
assessed
her
and
found
her
lacking.
He
decided
to
offer
Shelly
Ann
a
place
in
his
very
strict
training
seasons.
Their
cooperation
quickly
produced
results,
and
a
few
year
later
at
Jamaica’s
Olympic
games
in
early
2008,
Shelly
Ann,
who
at
that
time
only
ranked
number
70
in
the
world,
beat
Jamaica’s
unchallenged
queen
of
the
sprint(短跑).
“Where
did
she
come
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
from ”
asked
an
astonished
sprinting
world,
before
concluding
that
she
must
be
one
of
those
one-hit
wonders
that
spring
up
from
time
to
time,
only
to
disappear
again
without
signs.
But
Shelly
Ann
was
to
prove
that
she
was
anything
but
a
one-hit
wonder.
At
the
Beijing
Olympic
she
swept
away
any
doubts
about
her
ability
to
perform
consistently
by
becoming
the
first
Jamaican
woman
ever
to
win
the
100
meters
Olympic
gold.
She
did
it
again
one
year
on
at
the
World
Championship
in
Briton,
becoming
world
champion
with
a
time
of
10.73---
the
fourth
record
ever.
Shelly-Ann
is
a
littl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
woman
with
a
big
smile.
She
has
a
mental
toughness
that
did
not
come
about
by
chance.
Her
journey
to
becoming
the
fastest
woman
on
earth
has
been
anything
but
smooth
and
effortless.
She
grew
up
in
one
of
Jamaica’s
toughest
inner-city
communities
known
as
Waterhouse,
where
she
lived
in
a
one-room
apartment,
sleeping
four
in
a
bed
with
her
mother
and
two
brothers.
Waterhouse,
one
of
the
poorest
communities
in
Jamaica,
is
a
really
violent
and
overpopulated
place.
Several
of
Shelly-Ann's
friends
and
family
were
caught
up
in
the
killings;
one
of
her
cousins
was
shot
dead
only
a
few
streets
away
from
where
she
lived.
Sometimes
her
family
didn’t
have
enough
to
eat.
She
ran
at
the
school
championships
barefooted
because
she
couldn’t
afford
shoes.
Her
mother
Maxime,
one
of
a
family
of
fourteen,
had
been
an
athlete
herself
as
a
young
girl
but,
like
so
many
other
girls
in
Waterhouse,
had
to
stop
after
she
had
her
first
baby.
Maxime’s
early
entry
into
the
adult
world
with
its
responsibilities
gave
her
the
determination
to
ensure
that
her
kids
would
not
end
up
in
Waterhouse's
roundabout
of
poverty.
One
of
the
first
things
Maxime
used
to
do
with
Shelly-Ann
was
taking
her
to
the
track,
and
she
was
ready
to
sacrifice
everything.
It
didn't
ta
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke
long
for
Shelly-Ann
to
realize
that
sports
could
be
her
way
out
of
Waterhouse.
On
a
summer
evening
in
Beijing
in
2008,
all
those
long,
hard
hours
of
work
and
commitment
finally
bore
fruit.
The
barefoot
kid
who
just
a
few
years
previously
had
been
living
in
poverty,
surrounded
by
criminals
and
violence,
had
written
a
new
chapter
in
the
history
of
sports.
But
Shelly-Ann’s
victo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry
was
far
greater
than
that.
The
night
she
won
Olympic
gold
in
Beijing,
the
routine
murders
in
Waterhouse
and
the
drug
wars
in
the
neighbouring
streets
stopped.
The
dark
cloud
above
one
of
the
world’s
toughest
criminal
neighbourhoods
simply
disappeared
for
a
few
days.
“
I
have
so
much
fire
burning
for
my
country,”Shelly
said.
She
plans
to
start
a
foundation
for
homeless
children
and
wants
to
build
a
community
centre
in
Waterhouse.
She
hopes
to
inspire
the
Jamaicans
to
lay
down
their
weapons.
She
intends
to
fight
to
make
it
a
woman’s
as
well
as
a
man’s
world.
As
Muhammad
Ali
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
puts
it,
“
Champions
aren't
made
in
gyms.
Champions
are
made
from
something
they
have
deep
inside
them.
A
desire,
a
dream,
a
vision.”
One
of
the
things
Shelly-Ann
can
be
proud
of
is
her
understanding
of
this
truth.
65.
Why
did
Stephen
Francis
decide
to
coach
Shelly-Ann
A.
He
had
a
strong
desire
to
free
her
family
from
trouble.
B.
He
sensed
a
great
potential
in
her
despite
her
weaknesses.
C.
She
had
big
problems
maintaining
her
performance.
D.
She
suffered
a
lot
of
defeats
at
the
previous
track
meets.
66.
What
did
the
spr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inting
world
think
of
Shelly-Ann
before
the
2008
Olympic
Games
A.
She
would
become
a
promising
star.
B.
She
badly
needed
to
set
higher
goals.
C.
Her
sprinting
career
would
not
last
long.
D.
Her
talent
for
sprinting
was
known
to
all.
67.
What
made
Maxime
decide
to
train
her
daughter
on
the
track
A.
Her
success
and
lessons
in
her
career.
B.
Her
interest
in
Shelly-Ann’s
quick
profit.
C.
Her
wish
to
get
Shelly-Ann
out
of
poverty.
D.
Her
early
entrance
into
the
sprinting
world.
68.
What
can
we
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )infer
from
Shelly-Ann's
statement
underlined
in
Paragraph
5
A.
She
was
highly
rewarded
for
her
efforts.
B.
She
was
eager
to
do
more
for
her
country.
C.
She
became
an
athletic
star
in
her
country.
D.
She
was
the
envy
of
the
whole
community.
69.
By
mentio
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ning
Muhammad
Ali’s
words,
the
author
intends
to
tell
us
that
.
A.
players
should
be
highly
inspired
by
coaches
B.
great
athletes
need
to
concentrate
on
patience
C.
hard
work
is
necessary
in
one’s
achievements
D.
motivation
allows
great
athletes
to
be
on
the
top
70.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A.
The
Making
of
a
Great
Athlete
B.
The
Dream
for
Championship
C.
The
Key
to
High
Performance
D.
The
Power
of
Full
Responsibility
【答案】65.
B
66.
C
67.
C
68.B
69.D
70.
A
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇励志短文，牙买加
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )著名女飞人Shelly-Ann从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性，并想用自己的影响力改变能够吞噬了很多人梦想的贫民窟。
65.B
推理判断题。根据第
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一段五、六句“Stephen
Francis
observed
then
eighteen-year-old
Shelly
Ann
as
a
track
meet
and
was
convinced
that
he
had
seen
the
beginning
of
true
greatness.
Her
time
were
not
exactly
impressive,
but
even
so,
he
seemed
there
was
something
trying
to
get
out,
something
the
other
coaches
had
overlooked
when
they
had
assessed
her
and
found
her
lacking.”可知Stephen
Francis教练从她的身上看到了其他教练忽视的潜力。故B正确。
66.C
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“W
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here
did
she
come
from ”
asked
an
astonished
sprinting
world,
before
concluding
that
she
must
be
one
of
those
one-hit
wonders
that
spring
up
from
time
to
time,
only
to
disappear
again
without
signs.当2008年奥运会上Shelly-Ann获得冠军以后，很多人都质疑她是一个流星而已，认为她的成功不会延续很长时间。故C项正确。
67.C
推理判断题。根据第
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三段最后两句Maxime’s
early
entry
into
the
adult
world
with
its
responsibilities
gave
her
the
determination
to
ensure
that
her
kids
would
not
end
up
in
Waterhouse's
roundabout
of
poverty.
One
of
the
first
things
Maxime
used
to
do
with
Shelly-Ann
was
taking
her
to
the
track,
and
she
was
ready
to
sacrifice
everything.可知Shelly-Ann的母亲Maxime很早进入要承担很多责任的成人世界，她决定要让女儿Shelly-Ann离开混乱的Waterhouse，唯一的方法就是让女儿练习田径。故C项正确。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
69.D
推理判断题。根据最后
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一段拳王阿里的名言：冠军不是体育馆里造出来的。造就冠军的是冠军内心深处的某种东西─渴望、梦想、愿景。他们需同时拥有技能和意志，但是意志必须强于技能。作者是在鼓励运动员们达到巅峰。故D项正确。
70.A
标题概括题。本文介绍了牙买
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )加著名女飞人Shelly-Ann从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性。激励我们要想成功必须要经过艰苦的努力。故A项正确。BCD三项的范围有点过大，与文章不贴切。
【名师点睛】
本文属于主旨大意题中的标题概括题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文章标题通常有如下要求：不能过大、过于笼统，放之四海皆适用；也不能过小、以偏概全，挂一漏万。标题是文章中心思想的精练表达,多为一个名词词组，短小明了,函盖性强 做这类题目时,要在阅读全文的基础上,把握好层次关系。注意选项的归纳范围要恰如其分,干扰项往往是局部信息，是某一小节或文章里的某一句。所以我们在解题时要反复推敲，把概括范围过窄或过宽的选项过滤掉。 好的文章标题具有较强的针对性、独特性，能够准确地概括出这篇短文的主旨大意，而不是其它文章的大意。本题中BCD三项的内容都与文章内容不够贴切，范围显得过大。我们可以使用逆向推理方法识别范围过大的标题。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。
An Extension of the Human Brain
Other
people
can
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elp
us
compensate
for
our
mental
and
emotional
deficiencies
(欠缺)，much
as
a
wooden
leg
can
compensate
for
a
physical
deficiency.
To
be
exact,
other
people
can
extend
our
intelligence
and
help
us
understand
and
adjust
our
emotions.
When
another
person
helps
us
in
such
ways,
he
or
she
is
participating
in
what
I’ve
called
a
“social
prosthetic
(义肢的）system.”
Such
systems
do
not
need
to
operate
face-to-face,
and
it’s
clear
to
me
that
the
Internet
is
expanding
the
range
of
my
own
social
prosthetic
systems.
It’s
already
a
big
bank
of
many
minds.
Even
in
its
current
state,
the
Internet
has
extended
my
memory
and
judgment.
Regarding
memory:
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Once
I
look
up
something
on
the
Internet,
I
don’t
need
to
keep
all
the
details
for
future
use—I
know
where
to
find
that
information
again
and
can
quickly
and
easily
do
so.
More
generally,
the
Internet
functions
as
if
it
were
my
memory.
This
function
of
the
Internet
is
particularly
striking
when
I’m
writing;
I’m
no
longer
comfortable
writing
if
I’m
not
connected
to
the
Internet.
It’s
become
natural
to
check
facts
as
I
write,
taking
a
minute
or
two
to
dip
into
PubMed,
Wikipedia,
or
other
websites.
Regarding
judgment:
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
The
Internet
has
made
me
smarter
in
matters
small
and
large.
For
example,
when
I’m
writing
a
textbook,
it
has
become
second
nature
to
check
a
dozen
definitions
of
a
key
term,
which
helps
me
dig
into
the
core
and
understand
its
meaning.
But
more
than
that,
I
now
regularly
compare
my
views
with
those
of
many
others.
If
I
have
a
“
new
idea,”
I
now
quickly
look
to
see
whether
somebody
else
has
already
thought
of
it,
or
something
similar—and
I
then
compare
what
I
think
with
what
others
have
thought.
This
certainly
makes
my
own
views
clearer.
Moreover,
I
can
find
out
whether
my
reactions
to
an
event
are
reasonable
enough
by
reading
about
those
of
others
on
the
Internet.
These
effects
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
Internet
have
become
even
more
striking
since
I’ve
begun
using
a
smartphone.
I
now
regularly
pull
out
my
phone
to
check
a
fact,
watch
a
video,
read
weibo.
Such
activities
fill
the
spaces
that
used
to
be
dead
time
(such
as
waiting
for
somebody
to
arrive
for
a
lunch
meeting).
But
that’s
the
ups
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ide
(好处).The
downside
is
that
in
those
dead
periods
I
often
would
let
my
thoughts
flow
and
sometimes
would
have
an
unexpected
insight
or
idea.
Those
opportunities
are
now
fewer
and
farther
between.
An
Extension
of
the
Human
Brain
A
prosthetic
nature
荫
●The
(71)
▲
can
hel
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p
make
up
for
our
mental
and
emotional
deficiencies
as
a
wooden
leg
can
compensate
for
a
bodily
deficiency.
●It
(72)
▲
in
our
daily
events,
extending
our
intelligence,
comprehending
our
feelings,
and
expanding
the
range
of
social
activities.
Wonderful
aspects:
memory
and
judgment

●On
the
Internet,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
we
could
quickly
and
easily
locate
the
details,
and
check
facts,
without
(73)
▲
them
in
mind.

●The
Internet
mak
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es
us
smarter
over
(74)
▲
kinds
of
things.
It
provides
a
dozen
definitions
of
a
key
term
for
us
to
find
the
(75)
▲
of
the
matter.
●The
Internet
enables
us
to
exchange
ideas
with
many
others
to
(76)
▲
our
claims,
and
to
(77)
▲
our
actions.
The
(78)
▲
sidesof
smartphones

●Smartphones
make
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
it
easier
and
more
(79)
▲
to
check
reality,
watch
video
clips,
read
weibo.

●Smartphon
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es
(80)
▲
the
possibility
for
new
and
insightful
minds,
and
steal
away
our
dead
time.
【答案】
71.
Internet
72.
participates/joins
73.
keeping
74.
all/different/various
75.
heart/core
76.
check
77.
judge
78.
mixed/two
79.
convenient
80.
reduce
【解析】
试题分析：现代社会中网络对我们的影响越
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )来越大，可以弥补我们精神和情感上的缺陷。文章从网络对我们的记忆和判断方面的影响作出了详细说明，同时也阐述了智能手机对我们带来的不利之处。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
74.
all/differ
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent/various
同义词转换。根据第三段第一句The
Internet
has
made
me
smarter
in
matters
small
and
large.可知网络让我们在大大小小的事情上更聪明。原文中“matters
small
and
large”就是“all/different/various”的事情。
75.
heart/co
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re
同义句转换。根据第三段第二句“.....which
helps
me
dig
into
the
core
and
understand
its
meaning”可知网络能让我们找的事物的核心并理解其真正含义。故短语“the
core/heart
of
the
matter”和原文中“dig
into
the
core”语义一致。
76.
check
同
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )义词转换。根据第三段第四句“If
I
have
a
“
new
idea,”
I
now
quickly
look
to
see
whether
somebody
else
has
already
thought
of
it,
or
something
similar—and
I
then
compare
what
I
think
with
what
others
have
thought.”当我们有了新的观点以后，我们会上网检查核对别人是否已经有了同样的观点，并对自己的行动做出判断。表格中check与原文语义一致。
77.
judge
归纳总结。根据第三段最
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后一句“Moreover,
I
can
find
out
whether
my
reactions
to
an
event
are
reasonable
enough
by
reading
about
those
of
others
on
the
Internet.”而且在网络上阅读其他人的信息，让我判断我的行为是否合理，所以表格里使用动词judge。
78.
mixed/two
归纳总结。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在文章最后两段中既提到了智能手机的优点也提到了其缺点。所以这是智能手机的正反两方面内容，所以使用形容词“mixed/two”。
79.
convenient
同义句转换。根
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据第四段后两句I
now
regularly
pull
out
my
phone
to
check
a
fact,
watch
a
video,
read
weibo.
Such
activities
fill
the
spaces
that
used
to
be
dead
time
(such
as
waiting
for
somebody
to
arrive
for
a
lunch
meeting).可知我们可以使用智能手机随时查信息，看视频，读微博，使用起来非常方便。所以使用形容词“convenient”。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【名师点睛】
任务型读写题中的阅读能力同
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )样要求考生在有限的时间内快速领会文章 的主旨大意，快速理解句段细节意义和理清上下文的逻辑关系，要能够理解文章作者的观点、态度和意图，同时不能忽视对语篇的整体把握和领悟。考查题型分为以下三类：
1．信息筛选题：信息筛选题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是基础题目，一般可以直接通过将表格和短文进行对照，边读文章边找出与试题相关的句子信息，获取到相关单词，有时试题和原文句型句式不同，需进行简单的逻辑推理然后找到相应单词，不需变化，直接填入。如
2．整合转换题：整合转换题是典型的二次加工题
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )型，需要考生有基本的构词法知识，对句子成分和词性的对应关系要明确。做题时，不但要找到与试题相关的句子信息，还要根据词法和句法知识以及上下文的逻辑关系进行加工，从而提炼出新词。可细分为如下两种情况：
（1）词形整合转换。被考查单词在原文和试题中充当的句子成分不同，因而需在名词、动词、形容词、副词等之间进行转换。如
（2）句型整合转换。试题中的被考查单词在原
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文中找不到同根词，无法获取单词进行转换，需根据原文中相应句子的意义和上下文逻辑联系进行句型转换。如
①表格内词性、大小写和语法运用上要保持一致。同一单元格要注意在用词方面保持一致的格式。
②善用同义词和反义词进行转换。
③正确使用构词法。
④熟练运用语法句型转换。
3．综合概括题：综合概括题要求考生对全文或
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段落进行总体语篇把握，通过观察表格的设置特点，从而归纳和概括出所考查的单词。此类设题一般位于表格的第一行或第一列。为了更快捷地掌握概括能力，总结和熟记一些概括性词汇及其固定搭配也是很有必要的。如
下面举一些基本的概括性词汇：总结、概括：conclusion, summary
建议：suggestion, tip, a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dvice, proposal, recommendation 影响：effect, influence, impact 印象：impression
因果：reason, cause; result, consequence。
考点：考查任务型阅读
第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）
81.请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
In
recent
years,
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nternet
voting
has
become
increasingly
popular
in
China.
People
not
only
cast
on-line
votes
themselves,
but
also
urge
others
to
vote
for
competitions
like
the
“Most
Beautiful
Teacher”
and
the
“
Cutest
Baby”.
Li
Jiang,
a
high
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )chool
student,
is
invited
to
vote
in
the
“
Best
Police
Officer
冶
competition,
organized
by
the
local
government
to
let
the
public
have
a
better
understanding
of
police
officers’
daily
work.
Li
Jiang
visits
the
website
and
reads
all
the
stories.
He
is
deeply
moved
by
their
glorious
deeds.
He
is
already
thinking
of
becoming
a
policeman
himself
in
the
future.
Su
Hua
is
inv
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ited
by
his
uncle
to
vote
for
his
cousin
in
the
“
Future
Singer冶
competition.
He
has
already
received
three
similar
invitations
this
week.
His
uncle
tells
him
that
if
his
cousin
wins
the
competition,
the
family
will
win
an
overseas
tour
for
free.
Su
Hua
likes
his
cousin
very
much,
but
he
finds
other
singers
perform
even
better.
To
vote,
or
not
to
vote
This
is
a
question
that
troubles
him
very
much.
【写作内容】
1.
用约30个单词写出上文概要；
2.
用约120个单词阐述你对网络投票的看法，并用2
~3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
【写作要求】
1.
写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2.
作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3.
不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
【答案】
On-line
voting
beco
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mes
increasingly
popular,
and
many
competitions
get
people
involved
in
it.
It
is
beneficial
to
some
people,
while
it
puts
others
into
a
dilemma
over
whether
to
vote
or
not.
In
my
opinion,
on-lin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
voting
is
an
inseparable
part
of
modern
life
and
should
be
welcomed,
since
it
is
no
more
than
a
way
to
participate
in
public
life.
It
makes
no
difference
from
ordinary
voting
events,
in
which
candidates
go
around
to
seek
supports.
In
addition,
the
Internet
makes
surveying
and
voting
easy
and
convenient,
regardless
of
time
and
space.
Furthermore,
voting
on
the
Internet
makes
instant
feedback
possible.
To
be
honest,
voters
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sometimes
feel
annoyed,
not
because
they
hate
voting,
but
because
they
are
divided
between
emotion
and
fairness.
Things
will
turn
for
the
better
if
we
can
work
out
some
participation
rules
for
people
to
obey.
Therefore,
I
hold
a
positive
attitude
towards
on-
line
voting.
(150
words)
Possible
version
two:
Internet
voting
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )quite
popular
nowadays.
Many
people
are
somewhat
puzzled
at
the
negative
side
of
the
voting,
although
some
are
quite
happy
with
it,
21世纪教育网
and
active
in
doing
it.
In
my
opinion,
in
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ternet
voting
has
begun
to
show
its
negative
impacts
on
people
and
society.
Firstly,
people
may
feel
forced
when
asked
to
do
things
that
they
don’t
want
to.
Secondly,
voting
of
this
kind
does
not
depend
on
the
strong
points
of
the
competitors,
but
rather
on
how
many
social-networking
resources
they
have.
Thirdly,
the
voters
or
even
the
competitors
in
many
cases
are
possibly
taken
advantage
of
by
the
organizers
for
commercial
purposes.
In
short,
internet
v
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oting,
to
some
extent,
is
unfair,
if
not
immoral,
and
cannot
be
trusted.
Therefore,
rules
should
be
worked
out
and
strictly
observed.
Everyone
in
our
society
should
help
those
in
need,
but
it
is
more
important
to
be
sincere
and
earnest.
(150
words)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【名师点睛】
本篇范文很好地完成了所有任
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )务。文章结构合理，层次分明。第一段总结归纳短文内容提出网络投票很流行，给人们带来好处同时也有不利之处。第二段提出个人观点并给出理由，两篇范文中正反观点明确，论据有力；第三段中提出合理化建议；时态和人称运用准确无误无误，全文无中国式英语思维，体现出很高的运用语言的能力。从写作技巧来看，文章中使用了较多的复合句，如定语从句.....
in
which
candidates
go
around
to
seek
supports.状语从句.....if
we
can
work
out
some
participation
rules
for
people
to
obey.同时文章中串联词运用较为合理，如in
my
opinion、in
addition、furthermore、to
be
honest等等。
考点：考查任务型读写