备考 2025 中考英语：三轮冲刺重难点突破特训
热点 06 极端天气和环境污染（话题解读+话题综合练）
话题解读
考查内容
（1）极端天气：包括暴雨、洪涝、干旱、高温热浪、寒潮、台风等的成因、危害及应对措施。
如暴雨可能由大气环流、水汽条件等因素引发，会导致城市内涝、农田被淹等危害，可通过加强排水
系统建设、提前发布预警等措施应对。
（2）环境污染：涉及大气污染、水污染、土壤污染、固体废弃物污染等的来源、危害与防治。
例如，工业废气排放是大气污染的重要来源，会危害人体健康、影响气候变化，可通过优化能源结构、
加强废气处理等方式防治。
命题形式
（1）阅读理解：给出关于极端天气或环境污染的文章，考查学生对相关知识的理解，如文章中
提到的某种极端天气的特点、环境污染的具体表现等，还可能要求学生根据文章内容进行推理判断，
如推断某种污染的后果。
（2）书面表达：让学生以“保护环境，应对极端天气”等为主题写一篇作文，阐述自己对这些问
题的认识，提出解决问题的建议，或者描述自己身边的环境问题及感受。
（3）听力理解：在听力材料中呈现关于极端天气事件或环境污染的报道，学生需要从中获取关
键信息，如事件发生的地点、造成的影响等。
（4）综合填空：在一篇与环境或气候相关的短文中，设置一些空白，要求学生根据上下文填写
合适的单词，考查词汇运用和对主题的理解。
应对策略
（1） 知识储备：了解常见极端天气和环境污染的基础知识，关注相关的时事新闻和热点事件，
积累专业词汇，如“greenhouse effect”（温室效应）、“air quality index”（空气质量指数）等。
（2）阅读训练：多阅读与环境、气候相关的英语文章，提高阅读理解能力，学会从文章中提取
关键信息、总结主旨大意。
（3）写作练习：针对此类话题进行写作训练，注意文章结构清晰，观点明确，语言表达准确、
流畅，可运用一些连接词使文章更连贯，如“firstly”“secondly”“in addition”等。
话题综合练
一、语法选择
（1）
（ 2025·广 东 ·模 拟 预 测 ） Last winter many parts of China, such as Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou
experienced drops in temperature of more than 14℃. On December 12, 2023, the China government made
1 first yellow warning in ten years for freezing temperatures. 2 temperatures were low, a large
crowd of people traveled to watch the great winter landscape.
In Zhangjiajie, Hunan, the cold brought not only snow 3 also more than 4,000 visitors each
day. 32Hike, an online travel platform (平台) in Guangzhou, said it increased the number of organized trips
to Hengshan Mountain to give visitors a chance 4 the snow-white landscape.
To serve tourists and provide a safe and 5 experience, scenic spots (风景区) used a lot of
safety ways. They posted big safety warnings in risky areas and 6 free hot tea, raincoats and towels.
Some medical aid sites 7 up to do with emergencies.
“Kang Yang, a police officer working on Zhurong Peak, 8 highest point on Hengshan
Mountain”, said all his workmates worked day and night. They kept walking around and helping out tourists
at any time. “We tell visitors to the mountain to manage their time well, and ask them to come down from
the mountain as 9 as possible, and no later than 4:00 pm. Officials also use megaphones (扩音器) to
remind tourists 10 safety,” Kang said.
1．A．it B．its C．itself
2．A．Though B．Whether C．If
3．A．and B．so C．but
4．A．enjoy B．to enjoy C．enjoying
5．A．comfortable B．uncomfortable C．comfortably
6．A．will offer B．offers C．offered
7．A．are set B．were set C．are setting
8．A．the B．a C．an
9．A．early B．earlier C．earliest
10．A．in B．with C．of
（2）
（2025·广东汕头·二模）Have you ever heard of the term “white pollution” It’s a kind of serious
environmental problem. The white color usually refers to 11 clear and clean in daily life. 12
white pollution is very harmful.
White pollution 3 more and more serious because of single-use plastic tableware (餐具) and
thin plastic bags. They’re easy to use and have already become 4 part of our daily life. When
people order takeout, it 5 comes with single-use plastic boxes. When people go shopping, they
can often get plastic bags. People use too many plastic products 6 their convenience. Now, white
pollution has become a big problem.
White pollution affects the environment mainly in two ways. On the one hand, plastic waste 7
everywhere in the natural environment. It makes cities, towns, hills and lakes quite 8 . On the other
hand, plastic waste can stay for 9 , resulting in soil pollution and water pollution. It can even cause
many illnesses. What’s worse, animals may die after eating plastic rubbish by mistake on the land or in the
water. And it’s hard 10 the problem.
Now everyone should help reduce white pollution and recycle plastic waste.
1．A．something B．anything C．nothing
2．A．And B．But C．So
3．A．is becoming B．was becoming C．will become
4．A．a B．an C．the
5．A．never B．seldom C．usually
6．A．to B．by C．for
7．A．be seen B．is seen C．has seen
8．A．dirty B．dirtier C．dirtiest
9．A．century B．centuries C．century’s
10．A．solve B．to solve C．solving
二、完形填空
（1）
（2025·天津河北·二模）Water is one of the most useful things on earth. We drink it, wash with it and
cook with it. However, it can be 1 sometimes.
This was something that happened to me a few months ago. It started as a normal school day. It was
summer and the 2 was really hot. We were studying for our exams when a 3 came.
The sky went dark and the rain started to beat heavily against the windows. The rain went on and on. Then, it
started to come through the roof (屋顶) and 4 on the desks in the classroom. Our books were
getting 5 .
Suddenly there was a loud sound. We didn’t 6 what it was at first. Then, water came across
the floor of our classroom. The school was flooded (淹没). We all felt very 7 and some of the
girls started to cry.
Miss Miller was calm. She told us all to 8 hands. We slowly walked out of the classroom in
a line and came to a safe place. We didn’t leave there 9 the water was gone. Our school was in a
mess. Together we 10 every classroom. Everyone felt tired but lucky!
1．A．perfect B．expensive C．harmful D．correct
2．A．machine B．product C．spirit D．weather
3．A．chance B．storm C．lesson D．teacher
4．A．lock B．shut C．hide D．fall
5．A．wet B．rich C．thick D．boring
6．A．forget B．realise C．invent D．satisfy
7．A．funny B．excited C．angry D．afraid
8．A．hold B．shake C．wash D．change
9．A．if B．although C．until D．while
10．A．gave up B．tidied up C．picked up D．made up
（2）
（2025·广东东莞·一模）Recently, the wildfires in California, USA have caught the world’s eye. On
January 7, 2025, a fire started near Palisades (帕利塞兹) in western Los Angeles County. Later, the fire
11 quickly eastward because of the strong Santa Ana winds (圣安娜风).
By January 13, the 12 was really bad. 24 people lost their lives and 16 were missing. In just a
few days, more than 12,300 buildings, including many homes, were burned down. Universities had to close,
and lots of people became 13 . What’s worse, 105 fires broke out across the area, and the 14
burned area reached 162.68 square kilometers.
The local government and firefighters are working hard. Firefighters from nearby areas and other
countries 15 . They used helicopters (直升机) and fire trucks. But the strong winds and large burned
areas made it very difficult to 16 the fires.
These California wildfires are really terrible. They should be a 17 to people all over the world.
Although we live far away from California, we all share the 18 earth. We need to get along well
with 19 . For example, we can save water and electricity, 20 forests and grasslands. Let’s
work together to keep our earth beautiful and peaceful.
11．A．ran B．spread C．flew D．arrived
12．A．instruction B．position C．operation D．situation
13．A．useless B．careless C．homeless D．fearless
14．A．total B．special C．normal D．usual
15．A．took in B．moved in C．joined in D．dropped in
16．A．put out B．put up C．take away D．take out
17．A．warning B．example C．notice D．suggestion
18．A．different B．big C．small D．same
19．A．animals B．people C．nature D．cities
20．A．build B．protect C．plant D．improve
三、阅读理解
A
（2025·山东德州·模拟预测）The morning of April 2, 2007 was sunny. The school day was about to
start. Durie Hickie, a teacher at Kalarao Primary School on Simbo Island, was on her way to school by boat
when a strong earthquake happened. Luckily, she was close to the coast. She held on to a tree and didn’t get
hurt.
“I was used to earthquakes. After the quake, I continued my trip and didn’t think much of it. Suddenly,
I heard a loud sound. I looked up at the sky expecting to see dark storm clouds, but the sky was very clear. I
was scared. I didn’t know what was going to happen,” Durie said.
Then, Durie saw a huge ocean wave rushing towards her. She stood still in fear, not knowing what to
do. “After a couple of seconds, the huge wave hit me, throwing me off my boat. And I passed out,” Durie
said. “When I woke up, I found myself under a pile of debris (残骸). I could not move. Luckily, the next
wave carried the debris away and I could free my body. My arms were cut open, and a lot of blood was
running out of each cut. Still, I managed to make it to my aunt’s house. And then I was carried to the local
medical center.”
Later, Durie learned that the tsunami (海 啸 ) she had experienced was deadly. The 12-meter-high
tsunami waves washed away two villages and killed 52 people. Durie’s experience of the tsunami made her
realize the importance of preparing students for a tsunami. She hoped there could be more tsunami safe
schools.
Many schools, including Kalarao Primary School, have been holding tsunami evacuation (疏 散 )
practices in recent years. Durie is happy to see this. She said, “Now, our school has an emergency plan and
we know where the safe places are near the school. This all has made our future evacuations much faster.”
1．The tsunami Durie experienced ________.
A．happened on her way back home B．happened in May, 2007
C．happened deadly D．washed away thousands of people
2．What can we infer (推断) from paragraph 2
A．Durie Hickie was afraid of earthquakes.
B．Durie knew how to protect herself in an earthquake.
C．The place where Durie lived hardly had earthquakes.
D．Durie thought that there would be a tsunami happened.
3．Which word can replace the phrase “a couple of” in paragraph 3
A．a few B．a little C．a lot of D．two
4．During the tsunami, Durie ________.
A．was hit by the heavy wind B．kept still all the time
C．was saved by a stranger D．hurt her arms
5．From the passage, we know that ________.
A．prepare students for a tsunami is not important
B．the tsunami Durie experienced didn’t hurt herself
C．many schools have been holding tsunami evacuation practices
D．Durie is teaching a subject of tsunami evacuation
B
（ 2025·河 南 信 阳 ·一 模 ） Can animals sense earthquakes and other natural disasters before they
happen Is there any real science behind this idea
As far back as 373 B．C．, the ancient Greeks noticed that snakes would “behave strangely days before
a big earthquake”. However, there isn’t enough scientific support that animals can sense earthquakes, at least
not days before they happen.
When an earthquake happens, it produces two kinds of energy waves. The smaller one is called a
Primary Wave, or “P wave”. It arrives a couple of minutes before the larger Secondary Wave, or “S wave”.
The “P wave” travels faster because it can move through solid (固体的) things, water and air, while the “S
wave” can only pass through solid things. Very few people notice the “P wave”, but animals often can,
thanks to their good senses.
With their excellent sense of smell, some wild animals can tell when a fire is burning nearby. But it’s
impossible for them to have a premonition of when and where fires will start ahead of time. With the world
getting warmer and warmer, wildfires become more common. It is harder than ever for animals to live
through these disasters.
A new study suggests that some birds may be able to sense storms much earlier than humans. The
researchers studied veeries (棕 色 夜 鸫 ), a kind of songbird. In certain years, these birds finished their
breeding season (繁殖期) and began moving to South America earlier than usual. Those years turned out to
have longer and more serious hurricane (飓风) seasons. The researchers consider the birds’ unusual behavior
to be a sign of storms. But we need more research to make sure of this.
6．How does the writer lead in the topic
A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions.
C．By comparing things. D．By listing research results.
7．Why does the “P wave” travel faster
A．Because it’s much smaller.
B．Because it carries more energy.
C．Because people can sense it more easily.
D．Because it can move through more things.
8．What does the underlined word “premonition” mean
A．A feeling that something is going to happen.
B．A feeling that something is really important.
C．A feeling that something is not completely true.
D．A feeling that something will turn uncomfortable.
9．Which of the following might be a sign of serious storms
A．Veeries sing day and night.
B．Veeries give birth to more babies.
C．Veeries fly to South America earlier.
D．Veeries spend more time staying in the trees.
10．What is the structure of the text (P= Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
C
（2025·天津西青·一模）Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but has brought
new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it,
drink it and even hear it.
Men have been polluting the earth. Many years ago, the pollution was not so serious because there
were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, men moved to
another place.
Air pollution is now the most serious. Air makes people sick. And lots of people now are trying to use
something to clear the air. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution
makes us become angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight air pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses
and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.
Pollution by SO is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. It is true
that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
Although most of the pollution is caused by us, we are the ones who can change the situation. The
earth is our home. We must take care of it. And we must pay more attention to the information in pollution at
the same time.
11．What is one of the biggest problems today
A．Noise. B．Pollution. C．Energy. D．Population
12．Why was pollution less serious many years ago
A．People were more careful. B．There were fewer people.
C．Pollution laws were stricter. D．People moved to other planets.
13．How many kinds of pollution are talked about in Paragraph 3
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
14．What can we infer (推断) from the text about solving air pollution
A．Using more coal can reduce it. B．Fewer cars on the road can cut it.
C．Only governments can solve it. D．It is not serious and needs no attention.
15．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Pollution is a serious problem to solve. B．Pollution is not as bad as people think.
C．Pollution is only caused by heavy traffic. D．Pollution is getting better over time.
D
（2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）The earth is about 4,600 million years old. Modern man has lived on the
earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed our planet in many ways. Many of the
things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.
Water pollution
A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories have polluted the land
and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead.
Air pollution
In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of air pollution. Many
people in cities now have health problems. For example, Mexico City used to be a beautiful sunny capital,
but today it is always covered by thick brown clouds.
Soil pollution
In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad
for the soil. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop.
Hope for the future
These problems are very serious for our future, so all of us should do something to improve our
environment. If we can stop pollution, our planet will become more and more beautiful and our health will
be better. Let’s be greener people!
16．How old is the earth
A．About 4,600 million years old. B．About 4,700 million years old.
C．About 4,800 million years old. D．About 4,900 million years old.
17．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Most of things that we have done are good for our planet.
B．We have changed our planet in many ways.
C．Water pollution is very serious nowadays.
D．There are three kinds of pollution mentioned in the passage.
18．Pollution isn’t a big problem now, is it
A．Yes, it is. B．No, it isn’t. C．Yes, there is. D．No, there isn’t.
19．Why is soil pollution difficult to stop
A．Because factories have polluted the land and the water.
B．Because air pollution in big cities is very serious.
C．Because most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields.
D．Because it’s always covered by thick brown clouds.
20．Which sentence is RIGHT
A．Though Mexico City is always covered by thick brown clouds, it’s still a beautiful sunny capital.
B．Air pollution can make people sick.
C．Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields.
D．Factories, cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of soil pollution
四、选词填空
（1）
（2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空，每个
单词只能用一次。
use, kind, control, other, carry, too, dangerous, pollute, factory, become
Life today has many problems. One of the biggest is 1 . Water pollution has made our rivers
and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and 2 our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and
makes us 3 angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious 4 of pollution. It’s bad for
all living things in the world.
Cars, planes and 5 all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is
like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is
thrown away, and they mustn’t let dirty smoke go into the air.
We need to do many 6 things to fight pollution. We should put waste things in the dustbin and
not throw them on the ground. We should go to work by bus or in the same car with our 7 . If there
are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.
Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution. We hope that one day the air in big
cities will 8 clean. Then people will be able to breathe healthily. Our world will be a good place to
live in. We can’t live in a 9 world. We should 10 our world well.
（2）
（2025·广西柳州·一模）根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空，每个单词
只能用一次。
but energy break trouble hurt reduce calm hide slow you
Earthquakes are one of the most powerful natural disasters (自然灾害) on earth. They can happen
suddenly and cause many 11 . During an earthquake, the ground shakes, and buildings may even
fall down.
Why do earthquakes happen
Earthquakes are caused by the movement of the Earth’s plates (板块). These plates are always moving
12 , but sometimes they get stuck. When they suddenly move again, it creates huge 13 , which
causes the ground to shake.
How can we stay safe during an earthquake
If you are indoors when an earthquake happens, you should stay 14 and find a safe place.
You can 15 under a strong table or stand in a corner of the room. Stay away from windows and
heavy objects that might 16 you. If you are outside, move to an open area and stay away from
buildings, trees, and power lines.
What should we do after an earthquake
After an earthquake, you should check 17 and others for injuries. If you are inside a
building, leave quickly 18 carefully. Be careful of 19 glass or fallen objects on the
ground. It’s also important to help others if they need it.
Earthquakes can be scary, but if we know how to prepare and stay safe, we can 20 the
danger. Always remember to stay calm and follow safety rules during and after an earthquake.
五、读写综合
（2025·广东江门·一模）
A．回答问题
People need to eat food, drink water, wear clothes, watch TV, use computers and so on every day.
While we are doing these, we are producing waste things every moment. We must think up ways to deal
with(处理) the waste things properly, or they will pollute our world. This morning, our class held a class
meeting to discuss how to deal with the waste things. The following are the three students’ ways to solve the
waste things.
Kate: Recycle them
In my everyday life, I often have a lot of waste things, like broken slippers, old computers, old
newspapers and so on. I always collect them together and sell them to the recycling center. I can not only
deal with the waste things in a good way, but also can get some pocket money by selling them.
Sally: Store them
Every day I must buy some food to cook meals for my family. After the meals some vegetables and
meat are left on the table. Because nobody wants to eat them again, I have to throw them as waste. I always
store them at the corner of my garden. Some time later, they will become the plants’ excellent food.
John: Burn them to make electricity(电)
I am an engineer in an electronic factory. We collect tons of waste things every day and put them in the
stove (炉子). Then we will burn the rubbish and use the heat to make electricity. In this way, we can change
the rubbish into electricity. We can save a lot of resources (能源).
1．Why did they hold(举行) the meeting
2．Who collects waste things and sells them
3．What are left on the table after the meals
4．How can we deal with the waste things according to the passage
5．What is John’s job
B．书面表达
近年来，全球自然灾害频发，极端天气频频出现，环境恶化给全球带来的危害正日益凸显。假如
你叫李华，作为中山的学生，应该为环境保护做出哪些贡献呢？请以“Protect the Earth”为题，向中山
的学生发出倡议，呼吁大家从小事做起，尽最大的努力保护环境！
写作内容：
1.描述一下你身边的污染或浪费现象（至少两点）。
2.地球是我们的家园，作为一个中学生，应该怎样来保护地球（至少三点）。
3.呼吁大家行动起来保护地球。
写作要求：1.语句通顺、语意连贯、语法正确；2.书写工整，书写占 2 分；3.不少于 80 词。
Protect the Earth
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参考答案
一、
（1）
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国部分地区在 2023 年冬季遭遇极端低温天气，政府发
布黄色预警，以及各地景区为游客提供安全保障和服务的情况。
1．句意：2023 年 12 月 12 日，中国政府发布了十年来首次黄色预警，提醒人们注意低温天气。
it 它，主/宾格；its 它的，形容词性物主代词；itself 他自己，反身代词。空处修饰名词短语“first yellow
warning”，应用形容词性物主代词。故选 B。
2．句意：虽然气温很低，但还是有一大群人前来观看这一壮观的冬季景观。
Though 尽管；Whether 是否；If 如果。根据“temperatures were low, a large crowd of people traveled to
watch the great winter landscape”可知，前半句是后半句的让步状语，所以用 though 引导让步状语从句。
故选 A。
3．句意：在湖南张家界，寒冷不仅带来了雪，而且每天吸引了 4000 多名游客。
and 和；so 所以；but 但是。not only...but also...“不但……而且……”。故选 C。
4．句意：广州在线旅游平台 32Hike 表示，为了让游客有机会欣赏雪景，该公司增加了赴衡山旅游的
组团数量。
enjoy 欣赏（原形）；to enjoy 去欣赏（不定式）；enjoying 欣赏（现在分词）。根据“give visitors a chance…
the snow-white landscape”可知，此处指欣赏美景的好机会，用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词 chance。
故选 B。
5．句意：为了服务游客并提供安全和舒适的体验，风景区采取了许多安全措施。
comfortable 舒适的；uncomfortable 不舒适的；comfortably 舒适地。根据“scenic spots (风景区) used a
lot of safety ways”可知，此处需要一个形容词来修饰“experience”，且应是为游客提供好的体验，所以
用 comfortable。故选 A。
6．句意：他们在危险区域张贴了大型安全警告，并提供了免费的热茶、雨衣和毛巾。
will offer 将提供（一般将来时）；offers 提供（三单形式）；offered 提供（过去式）。根据“They posted
big safety warnings in risky areas and…free hot tea, raincoats and towels”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以
空处用过去式。故选 C。
7．句意：一些医疗援助站点被设立以应对紧急情况。
are set 被设立（一般现在时的被动语态）；were set 被设立了（一般过去时的被动语态）；are setting
正在设立（现在进行时）。本段是一般过去时，且主语与动词 set up 之间是被动关系，所以用一般过
去时的被动语态。故选 B。
8．句意：康阳是一名在衡山最高点祝融峰工作的警察。
the 定冠词，表特指；a 不定冠词，表泛指，用于首字母发辅音音素的单词前；an 不定冠词，表泛指，
用于首字母发元音音素的单词前。根据“highest point on Hengshan Mountain”可知，最高级前用定冠词
the。故选 A。
9．句意：我们告诉到山上的游客要管理好自己的时间，并要求他们尽可能早地下山，不晚于下午 4
点。
early 早，原级；earlier 更早，比较级；earliest 最早，最高级。根据“come down from the mountain as…
as possible”可知，as...as 之间用副词原级。故选 A。
10．句意：工作人员还使用扩音器提醒游客注意安全。
in 在……里；with 和；of……的。根据“remind tourists…safety”可知，此处是固定短语 remind sb of sth
“提醒某人某事”。故选 C。
（2）
11．A 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．C 16．C 17．B 18．A 19．B 20．
B
【导语】本文介绍了“白色污染”的问题，并号召人们减少使用塑料制品。
11．句意：在日常生活中，白色通常指清澈干净的东西。
something 某些事；anything 任何事；nothing 没有什么。 根据“clear and clean in daily life.”可知，设空
处指的日常生活中，白色指的是某些清澈干净的东西。故选 A。
12．句意：但是白色污染是非常有害的。
And 和；But 但是；So 因此。根据“white pollution is very harmful.”可知，后文语境发生了转折，but
符合题意，故选 B。
13．句意：由于一次性塑料餐具和薄塑料袋的使用，白色污染越来越严重。
is becoming 变得，现在进行时；was becoming 变得，过去进行时；will become 变得，一般将来时。
根据“more and more serious”可知，这里描述现在正在进行的动作，指的白色污染正变得越来越严重，
故选 A。
14．句意：它们很容易使用，已经成为我们日常生活的一部分。
a 一，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an 一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the 特指。根
据“part”可知，这是可数名词单词，泛指生活中的一部分，且该词是辅音音素开头的单词，故选 A。
15．句意：当人们点外卖时，通常会有一次性塑料盒。
never 从不；seldom 很少；usually 通常。根据“When people order takeout,”以及常识，点外卖“通常”会
用一次性的塑料盒子。故选 C。
16．句意：为了方便，人们使用了太多的塑料制品。
to 到；by 被；for 为了。根据“their convenience.”可知，人们是“为了”方便才使用塑料制品。故选 C。
17．句意：一方面，塑料垃圾在自然环境中随处可见。
be seen 见，用于情态动词的被动语态中；is seen 见，用于一般现在时的被动语态；has seen 见，用于
现在完成时。根据“plastic waste”可知，与谓语动词存在被动关系，指的是被人们看见，该句陈述事实，
为一般现在时。故选 B。
18．句意：它使城市、城镇、丘陵和湖泊相当脏。
dirty 脏的； dirtier 更脏的；dirtiest 最脏的。根据“It makes cities, towns, hills and lakes quite”可知，应
该说塑料垃圾使城市、城镇、丘陵和湖泊相当脏。故选 A。
19．句意：另一方面，塑料垃圾可以停留几个世纪，造成土壤污染和水污染。
century 世纪，名词单数；centuries 世纪，名词复数；century’s 世纪的，名词所有格。根据“for”并结合
常识可知，设空处后填一段时间，指的是可以停留几个世纪。故选 B。
20．句意：这个问题很难解决。
solve 解决；to solve 解决，不定式；solving 解决，动名词或现在分词。根据“And it’s hard”可知，考查
it is adj to do sth“做某事是……的”，因此设空处填不定式。故选 B。
二、
（1）
1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在学校经历的一场暴雨引发的洪水事件。
1．句意：然而，它有时也是有害的。
perfect 完美的；expensive 昂贵的；harmful 有害的；correct 正确的。根据下文“The school was flooded (淹
没)...Our school was in a mess.”可知，作者的学校被水淹没了，学校一片狼藉，所以水有时也是有害的。
故选 C。
2．句意：那是夏天，天气非常热。
machine 机器；product 产品；spirit 精神；weather 天气。根据“It was summer and the...was really hot”可
知，此处指天气非常炎热。故选 D。
3．句意：暴风雨来的时候，我们正在准备考试。
chance 机会；storm 暴风雨；lesson 课程；teacher 老师。根据下文“The sky went dark and the rain started
to beat heavily against the windows.”可知，此处指暴风雨来的时候。故选 B。
4．句意：然后，它开始穿过屋顶，落在教室的桌子上。
lock 锁；shut 关闭；hide 隐藏；fall 落下。根据上文“The rain went on and on.”可推知，由于雨不停地
下着，导致雨水开始穿过屋顶，落在教室的桌子上。故选 D。
5．句意：我们的书被弄湿了。
wet 湿的；rich 富有的；thick 厚的；boring 没趣的。根据上文“it started to come through the roof (屋顶)
and...on the desks in the classroom.”可推知，雨水落在教室的桌子上，弄湿了学生的书。故选 A。
6．句意：一开始我们并没有意识到这是什么。
forget 忘记；realise 意识到；invent 发明；satisfy 满足。根据上文“Suddenly there was a loud sound.”可
知，突然传来一声巨响，而学生们起初没意识到那声巨响是什么。故选 B。
7．句意：我们都感到非常害怕，并且一些女孩开始哭了起来。
funny 有趣的；excited 激动的；angry 生气的；afraid 害怕的。根据“some of the girls started to cry.”可知，
一些女孩开始哭了起来，这说明学生们很害怕。故选 D。
8．句意：她告诉我们大家要手拉手。
hold 握住；shake 摇晃；wash 清洗；change 改变。根据下文“We slowly walked out of the classroom in a
line”可推知，老师告诉学生们手拉手，排队走出教室。故选 A。
9．句意：直到水退了，我们才离开那里。
if 如果；although 虽然；until 直到……为止；while 然而。根据“We didn’t leave there...the water was gone”
可知，学生们直到水退了才离开那里。not...until...“直到……才……”。故选 C。
10．句意：我们一起清理了每间教室。
gave up 放弃；tidied up 清理；picked up 捡起来；made up 编造。根据上文“Our school was in a mess.”
可知，作者的学校一片狼藉，所以学生们一起清理了每间教室。故选 B。
（2）
11．B 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．
B
【导语】本文主要讲述了 2025 年 1 月美国加州爆发的严重野火灾情及其影响，并呼吁全球共同关注
环境保护。
11．句意：随后，由于强烈的圣安娜风，火势迅速向东蔓延。
ran 跑；spread 蔓延；flew 飞；arrived 到达。根据“quickly”可知，火势迅速蔓延。故选 B。
12．句意：截至 1 月 13 日，情况变得非常糟糕。
instruction 指示；position 位置；operation 操作；situation 情况。根据“was really bad”可知，情况变得
非常糟糕。故选 D。
13．句意：大学被迫关闭，许多人无家可归。
useless 无用的；careless 粗心的；homeless 无家可归的；fearless 无畏的。根据“more than 12,300 buildings,
including many homes, were burned down.”可知，人们无家可归，故选 C。
14．句意：更糟糕的是，该地区爆发了 105 场火灾，总火宅面积达到 162.68 平方公里。
total 总的；special 特殊的；normal 正常的；usual 通常的。根据“burned area reached 162.68 square
kilometers.”可知，总火宅面积达到 162.68 平方公里。故选 A。
15．句意：来自附近地区和其他国家的消防员也加入了救援。
took in 吸收；moved in 搬入；joined in 加入；dropped in 顺便拜访。根据“other countries”可知，其他国
家加入，故选 C。
16．句意：但强风和巨大的燃烧面积使得灭火工作异常困难。
put out 扑灭；put up 张贴；take away 拿走；take out 取出。根据“the fires”可知，扑灭大火，故选 A。
17．句意：它们应该成为对全世界人们的警示。
warning 警告；example 例子；notice 通知；suggestion 建议。根据“people all over the world”可知，是
一种警告，故选 A。
18．句意：尽管我们远离加利福尼亚，但我们共享同一个地球。
different 不同的；big 大的；small 小的；same 相同的。根据“earth”可知，共享同一个地球。故选 D。
19．句意：我们需要与自然和谐相处。
animals 动物；people 人们；nature 自然；cities 城市。根据“For example, we can save water and electricity,”
可知，与自然和谐相处。故选 C。
20．句意：例如，我们可以节约水电，保护森林和草原。
build 建造；protect 保护；plant 种植；improve 改善。根据“forests and grasslands”可知，保护森林和草
原。故选 B。
三、
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Durie Hickie 在海啸中的亲身经历。
1．细节理解题。根据“Later, Durie learned that the tsunami (海啸) she had experienced was deadly. The
12-meter-high tsunami waves washed away two villages and killed 52 people.”可知，Durie 所经历的这场海
啸是致命的，造成了两个村庄被冲毁和 52 人死亡的严重后果。故选 C。
2．推理判断题。根据“I was used to earthquakes. After the quake, I continued my trip and didn’t think much
of it.”可知，Durie 对地震已经习以为常，地震发生后她还能继续行程且不怎么在意，这表明她知道在
地震中如何保护自己，不惊慌失措。故选 B。
3．词句猜测题。根据“After a couple of seconds, the huge wave hit me, throwing me off my boat. And I
passed out”可知，这里是描述在很短的时间后海浪就击中了她。“a couple of”在这里表示“几个”，修饰
可数名词复数“seconds”。A 选项 “a few” 意思是 “几个，一些”，同样修饰可数名词复数，与“a couple
of”意思相近。故选 A。
4．细节理解题。根据“My arms were cut open, and a lot of blood was running out of each cut.’”可知，海
啸期间，Durie 的手臂受伤了。故选 D。
5．细节理解题。根据“Many schools, including Kalarao Primary School, have been holding tsunami
evacuation (疏散) practices in recent years.”可知，近年来，包括 Kalarao 小学在内的许多学校一直在进
行海啸疏散演练。故选 C。
6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了动物是否能够提前感知地震和其他自然灾害。
6．细节理解题。根据第一段“Can animals sense earthquakes and other natural disasters before they happen
Is there any real science behind this idea ”可知，作者是通过问问题引入话题的。故选 B。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段句子“The ‘P wave’ travels faster because it can move through solid (固体的)
things, water and air, while the ‘S wave’ can only pass through solid things.”可知， 相较“S 波”只可以穿过
固体，“P 波”不仅可以穿过固体，还可以穿过水和空气。故选 D。
8．词句猜测题。该划线词所在句子“But it’s impossible for them to have a premonition of when and where
fires will start ahead of time.”是对前文“With their excellent sense of smell, some wild animals can tell
when a fire is burning nearby. ”的转折描述，从中可知，虽然凭借敏锐的嗅觉，一些野生动物能够察觉
到附近有火灾发生，但他们不可能提前预知火灾何时何地开始。因此，划线词“premonition”指的是动
物对即将发生的事情的预感。A 项“一种即将发生事情的感觉。”符合此意。故选 A。
9．细节理解题。根据第五段句子“In certain years, these birds finished their breeding season (繁殖期) and
began moving to South America earlier than usual…the researchers consider the birds’ unusual behavior to
be a sign of storms.”可知，棕色夜鸫提前飞往南美可能是严重风暴的迹象。故选 C。
10．篇章结构题。纵观全文可知，本文呈现“总—分”结构。第①段引入动物是否能够提前感知地震和
其他自然灾害这一话题；第②段和第③段介绍地震与动物感知，第④段介绍火灾与动物感知，第⑤段
介绍风暴与动物感知。故选 C。
11．B 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文主要讨论了当今社会面临的最严重问题之一——污染，包括空气污染、水污染和噪音污
染等多种形式，并指出虽然污染主要由人类活动造成，但人类也有能力通过减少污染行为来改善这一
状况。
11．细节理解题。根据第一段“One of the biggest problems is pollution.”可知当今最大的问题之一是污染。
故选 B。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Many years ago, the pollution was not so serious because there were not so
many people.”可知多年前污染不严重是因为人口较少。故选 B。
13．细节理解题。根据“Air pollution is now the most serious…Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our
drinking water. Noise pollution makes us become angry more easily.”可知第三段提到了空气污染、水污染
和噪音污染三种污染类型。故选 C。
14．推理判断题。根据第五段“It is true that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air
pollution.”可以推断减少车辆能缓解空气污染。故选 B。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文围绕污染问题展开，说明污染是需要解决的严重问题。故选 A。
16．A 17．A 18．A 19．C 20．B
【导语】这篇短文主要介绍了人类造成的三种污染，水污染，空气污染和土壤污染对地球造成的影响。
倡议人们要停止污染保护我们的地球。
16．细节理解题。根据“The earth is about 4,600 million years old.”可知，地球有 4600 年了。故选 A。
17．推理判断题。根据“Many of the things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.”
可知，许多我们所做的事情很好，但是更多是不好的。故选项 A“我们所做的大多数事情对我们的星
球都有好处。”不符。故选 A。
18．细节理解题。根据“These problems are very serious for our future,”可知，这些污染问题很严重。故
选 A。
19．细节理解题。根据“In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their
fields.”可知，土壤污染很难停止的原因是许多农民在田地里使用太多的化学物品。故选 C。
20．推理判断题。根据 Air pollution|“Many people in cities now have health problems.”可知，空气污染导
致了健康问题。故选 B。
四、
（1）
1．pollution 2．pollutes 3．become 4．kind 5．factories 6．other 7．others 8．
become 9．dangerous 10．control
【导语】本文主要讨论了当今社会面临的各种污染问题及其危害，并提出了相应的防治措施。
1．句意：当今生活有许多问题，其中最大的是污染。结合“biggest problems”和备选词汇可知，此处指
污染问题；pollute“污染”，名词形式为 pollution；根据“One of the biggest is…”可知此处需用名词形式。
故填 pollution。
2．句意：水污染使我们的河流湖泊变脏，杀死鱼类并污染我们的饮用水。结合“drinking water”和备选
词汇可知，此处指污染饮用水；pollute“污染”，动词；根据“kills…and…”可知需用动词原形与 kills 并
列。故填 pollutes。
3．句意：噪音污染让我们说话更大声，并使我们变得更容易生气。结合“angry more easily”和备选词
汇可知，此处指变得易怒；become“变得”，动词；根据“makes us…”可知需用动词原形。故填 become。
4．句意：空气污染是最严重的种类的污染。结合“most serious”和备选词汇可知，此处指污染类型；
kind“种类”，名词；根据“the most serious…”可知需用名词单数形式。故填 kind。
5．句意：汽车、飞机和工厂每天都在污染空气。结合“pollute our air”和备选词汇可知，此处指工厂污
染；factory“工厂”，名词；根据“Cars, planes and…”可知需用名词复数形式。故填 factories。
6．句意：我们需要做许多其他事情来对抗污染。结合“many…things”和备选词汇可知，此处指其他事
情；other“其他的”，形容词；根据“many…things”可知需用形容词修饰名词。故填 other。
7．句意：我们应该与其他人共乘一辆车上班。结合“in the same car”和备选词汇可知，此处指其他人；
other“其他的”，此处需用复数形式 others 指代其他人。故填 others。
8．句意：我们希望有一天大城市的空气会变得清洁。结合“the air…clean”和备选词汇可知，此处指变
得干净；become“变得”，动词；根据“will…”可知需用动词原形构成将来时。故填 become。
9．句意：我们不能生活在一个危险的世界。结合“can’t live in”和备选词汇可知，此处指危险的世界；
dangerous“危险的”，形容词；根据“a…world”可知需用形容词修饰名词。故填 dangerous。
10．句意：我们应该控制好我们的世界。结合“our world well”和备选词汇可知，此处指控制世界；control
“控制”，动词；根据“should…”可知需用动词原形。故填 control。
（2）
11．troubles 12．slowly 13．energy 14．calm 15．hide 16．hurt 17．yourself 18．
but 19．broken 20．reduce
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震的成因以及如何在地震中保持安全。
11．句意：它们可能突然发生并造成许多麻烦。根据“cause many ...”可知，造成很多麻烦，many 后需
用名词 trouble 的复数形式 troubles。故填 troubles。
12．句意：这些板块一直在缓慢移动。根据“These plates are always moving ...”可知，此处修饰动词，
需用副词 slowly，表示“缓慢地”。故填 slowly。
13．句意：当它们突然再次移动时，会产生巨大的能量。根据“it creates huge ...”可知，产生巨大能量，
需用名词 energy。故填 energy。
14．句意：你应该保持冷静并找到一个安全的地方。根据“you should stay ...”可知，要保持冷静，需用
形容词 calm。故填 calm。
15．句意：你可以躲在结实的桌子下面或站在房间的角落里。根据“You can ... under a strong table”可
知，躲在桌子下，需用动词 hide，情态动词 can 后接动词原形。故填 hide。
16．句意：远离可能伤害你的窗户和重物。根据“Stay away from windows and heavy objects that
might ... you”可知，远离可能伤害你的物体，需用动词 hurt 表示“伤害”，情态动词 might 后接动词原
形。故填 hurt。
17．句意：地震后，你应该检查自己和他人是否受伤。根据“check ... and others for injuries”可知，检
查你自己和他人是否受伤，需用反身代词 yourself 表示“你自己”。故填 yourself。
18．句意：如果你在建筑物内，迅速但小心地离开。根据“leave quickly ... carefully”可知，此处表示转
折，需用连词 but。故填 but。
19．句意：小心地上的碎玻璃或掉落的物体。根据“Be careful of ... glass”可知，需要小心的是碎玻璃，
需用形容词 broken 表示“破碎的”。故填 broken。
20．句意：地震可能很可怕，但如果我们知道如何准备和保持安全，我们可以减少危险。根据“but if
we know how to prepare and stay safe, we can ... the danger”可知，如果知道如何准备和保持安全，会减
少危险，需用动词 reduce 表示“减少”，情态动词 can 后接动词原形。故填 reduce。
五、
A.
1．To discuss how to deal with the waste things. 2．Kate. 3．Some vegetables and meat. 4．
We can recycle them, store them and burn them to make energy. 5．An engineer.
B．例文：
Protect the Earth
There is a lot of pollution on the Earth, such as air pollution, water pollution and land pollution.
Many people drive cars to work. This pollutes the air. Many people usually put dirty water into rivers
and seas. This pollutes the water and kills the fish. People throw away a lot of rubbish every day. This
pollutes the land. Some students even waste water and food at school.
What can we do to protect the Earth We can start out small. First, we shouldn’t throw rubbish on the
ground. Second, we should remember to turn off the tap after washing hands. Third, we can ride a bike or
take a bus to school. Besides, everyone should try his best to protect the Earth.
If we do these things, our Earth will be more and more beautiful. Please join us to protect the Earth.备考 2025 中考英语：三轮冲刺重难点突破特训
热点 06 极端天气和环境污染（话题解读+话题综合练）
话题解读
考查内容
（1）极端天气：包括暴雨、洪涝、干旱、高温热浪、寒潮、台风等的成因、危害及应对措施。
如暴雨可能由大气环流、水汽条件等因素引发，会导致城市内涝、农田被淹等危害，可通过加强排水
系统建设、提前发布预警等措施应对。
（2）环境污染：涉及大气污染、水污染、土壤污染、固体废弃物污染等的来源、危害与防治。
例如，工业废气排放是大气污染的重要来源，会危害人体健康、影响气候变化，可通过优化能源结构、
加强废气处理等方式防治。
命题形式
（1）阅读理解：给出关于极端天气或环境污染的文章，考查学生对相关知识的理解，如文章中
提到的某种极端天气的特点、环境污染的具体表现等，还可能要求学生根据文章内容进行推理判断，
如推断某种污染的后果。
（2）书面表达：让学生以“保护环境，应对极端天气”等为主题写一篇作文，阐述自己对这些问
题的认识，提出解决问题的建议，或者描述自己身边的环境问题及感受。
（3）听力理解：在听力材料中呈现关于极端天气事件或环境污染的报道，学生需要从中获取关
键信息，如事件发生的地点、造成的影响等。
（4）综合填空：在一篇与环境或气候相关的短文中，设置一些空白，要求学生根据上下文填写
合适的单词，考查词汇运用和对主题的理解。
应对策略
（1） 知识储备：了解常见极端天气和环境污染的基础知识，关注相关的时事新闻和热点事件，
积累专业词汇，如“greenhouse effect”（温室效应）、“air quality index”（空气质量指数）等。
（2）阅读训练：多阅读与环境、气候相关的英语文章，提高阅读理解能力，学会从文章中提取
关键信息、总结主旨大意。
（3）写作练习：针对此类话题进行写作训练，注意文章结构清晰，观点明确，语言表达准确、
流畅，可运用一些连接词使文章更连贯，如“firstly”“secondly”“in addition”等。
话题综合练
一、语法选择
（1）
（ 2025·广 东 ·模 拟 预 测 ） Last winter many parts of China, such as Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou
experienced drops in temperature of more than 14℃. On December 12, 2023, the China government made
1 first yellow warning in ten years for freezing temperatures. 2 temperatures were low, a large
crowd of people traveled to watch the great winter landscape.
In Zhangjiajie, Hunan, the cold brought not only snow 3 also more than 4,000 visitors each
day. 32Hike, an online travel platform (平台) in Guangzhou, said it increased the number of organized trips
to Hengshan Mountain to give visitors a chance 4 the snow-white landscape.
To serve tourists and provide a safe and 5 experience, scenic spots (风景区) used a lot of
safety ways. They posted big safety warnings in risky areas and 6 free hot tea, raincoats and towels.
Some medical aid sites 7 up to do with emergencies.
“Kang Yang, a police officer working on Zhurong Peak, 8 highest point on Hengshan
Mountain”, said all his workmates worked day and night. They kept walking around and helping out tourists
at any time. “We tell visitors to the mountain to manage their time well, and ask them to come down from
the mountain as 9 as possible, and no later than 4:00 pm. Officials also use megaphones (扩音器) to
remind tourists 10 safety,” Kang said.
1．A．it B．its C．itself
2．A．Though B．Whether C．If
3．A．and B．so C．but
4．A．enjoy B．to enjoy C．enjoying
5．A．comfortable B．uncomfortable C．comfortably
6．A．will offer B．offers C．offered
7．A．are set B．were set C．are setting
8．A．the B．a C．an
9．A．early B．earlier C．earliest
10．A．in B．with C．of
（2）
（2025·广东汕头·二模）Have you ever heard of the term “white pollution” It’s a kind of serious
environmental problem. The white color usually refers to 11 clear and clean in daily life. 12
white pollution is very harmful.
White pollution 3 more and more serious because of single-use plastic tableware (餐具) and
thin plastic bags. They’re easy to use and have already become 4 part of our daily life. When
people order takeout, it 5 comes with single-use plastic boxes. When people go shopping, they
can often get plastic bags. People use too many plastic products 6 their convenience. Now, white
pollution has become a big problem.
White pollution affects the environment mainly in two ways. On the one hand, plastic waste 7
everywhere in the natural environment. It makes cities, towns, hills and lakes quite 8 . On the other
hand, plastic waste can stay for 9 , resulting in soil pollution and water pollution. It can even cause
many illnesses. What’s worse, animals may die after eating plastic rubbish by mistake on the land or in the
water. And it’s hard 10 the problem.
Now everyone should help reduce white pollution and recycle plastic waste.
1．A．something B．anything C．nothing
2．A．And B．But C．So
3．A．is becoming B．was becoming C．will become
4．A．a B．an C．the
5．A．never B．seldom C．usually
6．A．to B．by C．for
7．A．be seen B．is seen C．has seen
8．A．dirty B．dirtier C．dirtiest
9．A．century B．centuries C．century’s
10．A．solve B．to solve C．solving
二、完形填空
（1）
（2025·天津河北·二模）Water is one of the most useful things on earth. We drink it, wash with it and
cook with it. However, it can be 1 sometimes.
This was something that happened to me a few months ago. It started as a normal school day. It was
summer and the 2 was really hot. We were studying for our exams when a 3 came.
The sky went dark and the rain started to beat heavily against the windows. The rain went on and on. Then, it
started to come through the roof (屋顶) and 4 on the desks in the classroom. Our books were
getting 5 .
Suddenly there was a loud sound. We didn’t 6 what it was at first. Then, water came across
the floor of our classroom. The school was flooded (淹没). We all felt very 7 and some of the
girls started to cry.
Miss Miller was calm. She told us all to 8 hands. We slowly walked out of the classroom in
a line and came to a safe place. We didn’t leave there 9 the water was gone. Our school was in a
mess. Together we 10 every classroom. Everyone felt tired but lucky!
1．A．perfect B．expensive C．harmful D．correct
2．A．machine B．product C．spirit D．weather
3．A．chance B．storm C．lesson D．teacher
4．A．lock B．shut C．hide D．fall
5．A．wet B．rich C．thick D．boring
6．A．forget B．realise C．invent D．satisfy
7．A．funny B．excited C．angry D．afraid
8．A．hold B．shake C．wash D．change
9．A．if B．although C．until D．while
10．A．gave up B．tidied up C．picked up D．made up
（2）
（2025·广东东莞·一模）Recently, the wildfires in California, USA have caught the world’s eye. On
January 7, 2025, a fire started near Palisades (帕利塞兹) in western Los Angeles County. Later, the fire
11 quickly eastward because of the strong Santa Ana winds (圣安娜风).
By January 13, the 12 was really bad. 24 people lost their lives and 16 were missing. In just a
few days, more than 12,300 buildings, including many homes, were burned down. Universities had to close,
and lots of people became 13 . What’s worse, 105 fires broke out across the area, and the 14
burned area reached 162.68 square kilometers.
The local government and firefighters are working hard. Firefighters from nearby areas and other
countries 15 . They used helicopters (直升机) and fire trucks. But the strong winds and large burned
areas made it very difficult to 16 the fires.
These California wildfires are really terrible. They should be a 17 to people all over the world.
Although we live far away from California, we all share the 18 earth. We need to get along well
with 19 . For example, we can save water and electricity, 20 forests and grasslands. Let’s
work together to keep our earth beautiful and peaceful.
11．A．ran B．spread C．flew D．arrived
12．A．instruction B．position C．operation D．situation
13．A．useless B．careless C．homeless D．fearless
14．A．total B．special C．normal D．usual
15．A．took in B．moved in C．joined in D．dropped in
16．A．put out B．put up C．take away D．take out
17．A．warning B．example C．notice D．suggestion
18．A．different B．big C．small D．same
19．A．animals B．people C．nature D．cities
20．A．build B．protect C．plant D．improve
三、阅读理解
A
（2025·山东德州·模拟预测）The morning of April 2, 2007 was sunny. The school day was about to
start. Durie Hickie, a teacher at Kalarao Primary School on Simbo Island, was on her way to school by boat
when a strong earthquake happened. Luckily, she was close to the coast. She held on to a tree and didn’t get
hurt.
“I was used to earthquakes. After the quake, I continued my trip and didn’t think much of it. Suddenly,
I heard a loud sound. I looked up at the sky expecting to see dark storm clouds, but the sky was very clear. I
was scared. I didn’t know what was going to happen,” Durie said.
Then, Durie saw a huge ocean wave rushing towards her. She stood still in fear, not knowing what to
do. “After a couple of seconds, the huge wave hit me, throwing me off my boat. And I passed out,” Durie
said. “When I woke up, I found myself under a pile of debris (残骸). I could not move. Luckily, the next
wave carried the debris away and I could free my body. My arms were cut open, and a lot of blood was
running out of each cut. Still, I managed to make it to my aunt’s house. And then I was carried to the local
medical center.”
Later, Durie learned that the tsunami (海 啸 ) she had experienced was deadly. The 12-meter-high
tsunami waves washed away two villages and killed 52 people. Durie’s experience of the tsunami made her
realize the importance of preparing students for a tsunami. She hoped there could be more tsunami safe
schools.
Many schools, including Kalarao Primary School, have been holding tsunami evacuation (疏 散 )
practices in recent years. Durie is happy to see this. She said, “Now, our school has an emergency plan and
we know where the safe places are near the school. This all has made our future evacuations much faster.”
1．The tsunami Durie experienced ________.
A．happened on her way back home B．happened in May, 2007
C．happened deadly D．washed away thousands of people
2．What can we infer (推断) from paragraph 2
A．Durie Hickie was afraid of earthquakes.
B．Durie knew how to protect herself in an earthquake.
C．The place where Durie lived hardly had earthquakes.
D．Durie thought that there would be a tsunami happened.
3．Which word can replace the phrase “a couple of” in paragraph 3
A．a few B．a little C．a lot of D．two
4．During the tsunami, Durie ________.
A．was hit by the heavy wind B．kept still all the time
C．was saved by a stranger D．hurt her arms
5．From the passage, we know that ________.
A．prepare students for a tsunami is not important
B．the tsunami Durie experienced didn’t hurt herself
C．many schools have been holding tsunami evacuation practices
D．Durie is teaching a subject of tsunami evacuation
B
（ 2025·河 南 信 阳 ·一 模 ） Can animals sense earthquakes and other natural disasters before they
happen Is there any real science behind this idea
As far back as 373 B．C．, the ancient Greeks noticed that snakes would “behave strangely days before
a big earthquake”. However, there isn’t enough scientific support that animals can sense earthquakes, at least
not days before they happen.
When an earthquake happens, it produces two kinds of energy waves. The smaller one is called a
Primary Wave, or “P wave”. It arrives a couple of minutes before the larger Secondary Wave, or “S wave”.
The “P wave” travels faster because it can move through solid (固体的) things, water and air, while the “S
wave” can only pass through solid things. Very few people notice the “P wave”, but animals often can,
thanks to their good senses.
With their excellent sense of smell, some wild animals can tell when a fire is burning nearby. But it’s
impossible for them to have a premonition of when and where fires will start ahead of time. With the world
getting warmer and warmer, wildfires become more common. It is harder than ever for animals to live
through these disasters.
A new study suggests that some birds may be able to sense storms much earlier than humans. The
researchers studied veeries (棕 色 夜 鸫 ), a kind of songbird. In certain years, these birds finished their
breeding season (繁殖期) and began moving to South America earlier than usual. Those years turned out to
have longer and more serious hurricane (飓风) seasons. The researchers consider the birds’ unusual behavior
to be a sign of storms. But we need more research to make sure of this.
6．How does the writer lead in the topic
A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions.
C．By comparing things. D．By listing research results.
7．Why does the “P wave” travel faster
A．Because it’s much smaller.
B．Because it carries more energy.
C．Because people can sense it more easily.
D．Because it can move through more things.
8．What does the underlined word “premonition” mean
A．A feeling that something is going to happen.
B．A feeling that something is really important.
C．A feeling that something is not completely true.
D．A feeling that something will turn uncomfortable.
9．Which of the following might be a sign of serious storms
A．Veeries sing day and night.
B．Veeries give birth to more babies.
C．Veeries fly to South America earlier.
D．Veeries spend more time staying in the trees.
10．What is the structure of the text (P= Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
C
（2025·天津西青·一模）Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but has brought
new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it,
drink it and even hear it.
Men have been polluting the earth. Many years ago, the pollution was not so serious because there
were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, men moved to
another place.
Air pollution is now the most serious. Air makes people sick. And lots of people now are trying to use
something to clear the air. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution
makes us become angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight air pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses
and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.
Pollution by SO is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. It is true
that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
Although most of the pollution is caused by us, we are the ones who can change the situation. The
earth is our home. We must take care of it. And we must pay more attention to the information in pollution at
the same time.
11．What is one of the biggest problems today
A．Noise. B．Pollution. C．Energy. D．Population
12．Why was pollution less serious many years ago
A．People were more careful. B．There were fewer people.
C．Pollution laws were stricter. D．People moved to other planets.
13．How many kinds of pollution are talked about in Paragraph 3
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
14．What can we infer (推断) from the text about solving air pollution
A．Using more coal can reduce it. B．Fewer cars on the road can cut it.
C．Only governments can solve it. D．It is not serious and needs no attention.
15．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Pollution is a serious problem to solve. B．Pollution is not as bad as people think.
C．Pollution is only caused by heavy traffic. D．Pollution is getting better over time.
D
（2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）The earth is about 4,600 million years old. Modern man has lived on the
earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed our planet in many ways. Many of the
things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.
Water pollution
A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories have polluted the land
and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead.
Air pollution
In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of air pollution. Many
people in cities now have health problems. For example, Mexico City used to be a beautiful sunny capital,
but today it is always covered by thick brown clouds.
Soil pollution
In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad
for the soil. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop.
Hope for the future
These problems are very serious for our future, so all of us should do something to improve our
environment. If we can stop pollution, our planet will become more and more beautiful and our health will
be better. Let’s be greener people!
16．How old is the earth
A．About 4,600 million years old. B．About 4,700 million years old.
C．About 4,800 million years old. D．About 4,900 million years old.
17．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Most of things that we have done are good for our planet.
B．We have changed our planet in many ways.
C．Water pollution is very serious nowadays.
D．There are three kinds of pollution mentioned in the passage.
18．Pollution isn’t a big problem now, is it
A．Yes, it is. B．No, it isn’t. C．Yes, there is. D．No, there isn’t.
19．Why is soil pollution difficult to stop
A．Because factories have polluted the land and the water.
B．Because air pollution in big cities is very serious.
C．Because most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields.
D．Because it’s always covered by thick brown clouds.
20．Which sentence is RIGHT
A．Though Mexico City is always covered by thick brown clouds, it’s still a beautiful sunny capital.
B．Air pollution can make people sick.
C．Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields.
D．Factories, cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of soil pollution
四、选词填空
（1）
（2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空，每个
单词只能用一次。
use, kind, control, other, carry, too, dangerous, pollute, factory, become
Life today has many problems. One of the biggest is 1 . Water pollution has made our rivers
and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and 2 our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and
makes us 3 angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious 4 of pollution. It’s bad for
all living things in the world.
Cars, planes and 5 all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is
like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is
thrown away, and they mustn’t let dirty smoke go into the air.
We need to do many 6 things to fight pollution. We should put waste things in the dustbin and
not throw them on the ground. We should go to work by bus or in the same car with our 7 . If there
are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.
Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution. We hope that one day the air in big
cities will 8 clean. Then people will be able to breathe healthily. Our world will be a good place to
live in. We can’t live in a 9 world. We should 10 our world well.
（2）
（2025·广西柳州·一模）根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空，每个单词
只能用一次。
but energy break trouble hurt reduce calm hide slow you
Earthquakes are one of the most powerful natural disasters (自然灾害) on earth. They can happen
suddenly and cause many 11 . During an earthquake, the ground shakes, and buildings may even
fall down.
Why do earthquakes happen
Earthquakes are caused by the movement of the Earth’s plates (板块). These plates are always moving
12 , but sometimes they get stuck. When they suddenly move again, it creates huge 13 , which
causes the ground to shake.
How can we stay safe during an earthquake
If you are indoors when an earthquake happens, you should stay 14 and find a safe place.
You can 15 under a strong table or stand in a corner of the room. Stay away from windows and
heavy objects that might 16 you. If you are outside, move to an open area and stay away from
buildings, trees, and power lines.
What should we do after an earthquake
After an earthquake, you should check 17 and others for injuries. If you are inside a
building, leave quickly 18 carefully. Be careful of 19 glass or fallen objects on the
ground. It’s also important to help others if they need it.
Earthquakes can be scary, but if we know how to prepare and stay safe, we can 20 the
danger. Always remember to stay calm and follow safety rules during and after an earthquake.
五、读写综合
（2025·广东江门·一模）
A．回答问题
People need to eat food, drink water, wear clothes, watch TV, use computers and so on every day.
While we are doing these, we are producing waste things every moment. We must think up ways to deal
with(处理) the waste things properly, or they will pollute our world. This morning, our class held a class
meeting to discuss how to deal with the waste things. The following are the three students’ ways to solve the
waste things.
Kate: Recycle them
In my everyday life, I often have a lot of waste things, like broken slippers, old computers, old
newspapers and so on. I always collect them together and sell them to the recycling center. I can not only
deal with the waste things in a good way, but also can get some pocket money by selling them.
Sally: Store them
Every day I must buy some food to cook meals for my family. After the meals some vegetables and
meat are left on the table. Because nobody wants to eat them again, I have to throw them as waste. I always
store them at the corner of my garden. Some time later, they will become the plants’ excellent food.
John: Burn them to make electricity(电)
I am an engineer in an electronic factory. We collect tons of waste things every day and put them in the
stove (炉子). Then we will burn the rubbish and use the heat to make electricity. In this way, we can change
the rubbish into electricity. We can save a lot of resources (能源).
1．Why did they hold(举行) the meeting
2．Who collects waste things and sells them
3．What are left on the table after the meals
4．How can we deal with the waste things according to the passage
5．What is John’s job
B．书面表达
近年来，全球自然灾害频发，极端天气频频出现，环境恶化给全球带来的危害正日益凸显。假如
你叫李华，作为中山的学生，应该为环境保护做出哪些贡献呢？请以“Protect the Earth”为题，向中山
的学生发出倡议，呼吁大家从小事做起，尽最大的努力保护环境！
写作内容：
1.描述一下你身边的污染或浪费现象（至少两点）。
2.地球是我们的家园，作为一个中学生，应该怎样来保护地球（至少三点）。
3.呼吁大家行动起来保护地球。
写作要求：1.语句通顺、语意连贯、语法正确；2.书写工整，书写占 2 分；3.不少于 80 词。
Protect the Earth
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