(共23张PPT)
小升初英语知识点梳理
专题七 动词
01
思维导图
动词的分类
01
动词的基本形式
02
强化训练
03
目录
01 动词的分类
02
知识梳理
动词的定义
动词的概念:表示动作或状态的词叫作动词。
表示动作的词: ask, go, walk等。
表示状态的词: have, be, keep等。
动词的定义
动词的概念:表示动作或状态的词叫作动词。
表示动作的词: ask, go, walk等。
表示状态的词: have, be, keep等。
动词的分类
按照动词的词义和在句子中的作用,动词可分为四类:实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词
(1)及物动词后必须跟宾语。
I love you. 我爱你。
1.实义动词:表示具体的。实义动词又可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。
(2)不及物动词本身意义完整,不需要跟宾语。
He runs away. 他跑了。
be动词是最基本的系动词。它包括am,is,are及这三个词的相应变化形式。
She is my sister.她是我的姐姐。
He was a teacher one years ago. 一年前他是一名老师
2.系动词:用于连接主语和表语,如“是”“看起来”“保持”等。
除 be 动词外, look, sound, feel, seem,smell, taste等感官动词也是系动词。
Sounds great 听上去很有趣。
Mike looks like his father. 迈克看起来像他的爸爸。
3.助动词:帮助实义动词一起构成各种时态和语态,也可构成否定和疑问结构。
常用的助动词有 do/ does/ did/have/ has/ had, should, will/ would等。
Do you like swimming 你喜欢游泳吗
Does he like playing the piano 他喜欢弹钢琴吗
You had a cold,you should see a doctor.
你感冒了应该去看医生。
常用的情态动词有: can, could, may, must,will, should等:
I can sing songs.我会唱歌。
Must I do my homework now 我必须做作业吗
May I come in 我可以进来吗
4.情态动词:情态动词表示说话人的语气或情绪,后面必须跟动词原形。
02 动词的基本形式
1.动词原形
动词原形是动词未经任何变化的原本形式。 如: have, do, go等。
例如:
I have to do my homework.我不得不写家庭作业。
I go to school every week.我每周都要去读书。
2.动词的第三人称单数形式
①一般情况在词尾加-s。
play— plays get— gets
②以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的动词,通常在词尾加-es。
go— goes fix— fixes teach— teaches wash— washes
③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-es。
fly— flies cry— cries study—— studies
3.动词的现在分词形式
①一般情况在词尾加-ing。
play— playing look— looking
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing。
live— living like— liking come— coming
③以 ie结尾的动词,先将 ie变为y,再加-ing。
die— dying lie— lying
④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing。
swim— swimming run— running sit— sitting
4.动词的过去式(规则变化)
①一般情况在词尾加-ed。
play— played look— looked
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,在词尾加-d。
live— lived like— liked hope— hoped
③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed。
cry— cried study— studied carry— carried
④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。
stop— stopped plan— planned drop— dropped
5.动词的过去式(不规则变化)
原形 过去式 原形 过去式
is/ am was sit sat
are were cut cut
bring brought give gave
buy bought sing sang
begin began write wrote
come came do did
meet met have had
go went see saw
win won eat ate
hit hit set set
run ran swim swam
keep kept know knew
read read drive drove
speak spoke wear wore
03 强化训练
03
强化训练
一、按要求写单词。
1. fly(第三人称单数形式)
2. run(现在分词)
3. buy(过去式)
4. take(过去式)
5. sit(现在分词)
6. spoke(原形)
flies
running
bought
took
sitting
speak
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. The old man (move) to a new house last month.
2. Would you like (buy) things for New Year's Day
3. They enjoy (play) basketball.
4. Mike (not like) cooking.
5. My aunt (look) after her baby carefully.
6.—— What did you do on your holiday —I (go) swimming.
moved
to buy
playing
doesn’t like
looks
went
三、单项选择。
1. Do you want
A. to go to school B. speak English C. go home D. to the door
2.— Must I stay at home, Mum — No, you .
A. needn't B. mustn't C. don't D. may not
3. Where are my shoes I can't them now.
A. finds B. finding C. look D. find
4. the kite like this!
A. Flying B. Flies C. Fly D. To fly
5.— Where you from —I from China.
A. does; come B. are; am C. are; comes D. do; comes
四、根据括号内所给的时间提示改写句子。
1. We play ping-pong every day. (last Friday)
2. The boy is washing his clothes.(every day)
3. I often play football with my friends. (tomorrow)
I will/ am going to play football with my friends tomorrow.
We played ping-pong last Friday.
The boy washes his clothes every day.
Thanks!
https://www.21cnjy.com/recruitment/home/fine