阅读理解之判断
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
1. 题型特点
判断类题目要求考生根据文章内容，判断给定陈述是正确（True）、错误（False）还是文中
未提及（Not Mentioned）。
常见提问方式：
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
The statement “...” is ______ according to the text.
All the following are mentioned EXCEPT ______.
2. 核心难点
细节理解偏差：
偷换概念：选项与原文细节部分一致，但关键信息被替换（如时间、地点、人物行为）。
过度推断：需严格依据原文，避免主观联想（如“may”在原文中未出现时不能推断为“must”）。
推理判断陷阱：
隐含逻辑：需结合上下文推导作者意图或事件结果（如“His eyes widened”暗示惊讶）。
态度观点题：判断作者对某事物的态度（支持/反对/中立），需关注情感词（如“fortunately”
“surprisingly”）。
词义猜测干扰：
生词或熟词生义（如“bank”在环保文中可能指“河岸”而非“银行”）。
主旨与细节混淆：
干扰项可能概括主旨，但题目要求判断细节（或反之）。
二、解题步骤
1. 通读全文，把握结构（2-3 分钟）
快速定位关键信息：
记叙文：时间线、人物行为、事件结果。
说明文：段落主旨句（首句或末句）、数字/数据。
议论文：论点、论据、结论。
2. 审题与定位
明确题目类型：
细节判断题 → 直接定位原文对应句。
推理判断题 → 寻找上下文线索（如因果关系、转折词）。
词义猜测题 → 分析生词所在句的逻辑关系（如同位语、举例）。
标记题干关键词：人名、地名、数字、专有名词（如“AI technology”）。
3. 对比原文与选项
正确选项特征：与原文完全一致或同义改写（如“reduce pollution” → “cut down on waste”）。
错误选项特征：
无中生有：文中未提及。
张冠李戴：混淆人物、时间或事件。
反向干扰：与原文矛盾（如原文说“agree”，选项改为“disagree”）。
4. 特殊题型处理
NOT Mentioned 题：排除所有在文中明确提到的选项，剩余即为答案。
态度题：关注形容词和副词（如“critical”“enthusiastic”）。
示例：
原文：Tom planned to visit his grandparents last weekend, but a sudden rainstorm forced him to
stay at home.
题目：Tom visited his grandparents last weekend.
答案：False（原文明确提到因雨取消计划）。
三、预测分析
1、选材方向
社会热点：人工智能（AI）的影响、垃圾分类政策、青少年心理健康。
文化主题：中国传统节日习俗（如重阳节登高）、中外文化交流（如留学生活）。
科技与环境：新能源开发、野生动物保护、太空探索。
2、命题趋势
综合推理加强：需结合多个段落信息得出结论（如因果链分析）。
多模态文本：图文结合（如表格数据与文字说明匹配判断）。
高阶思维考查：
隐含观点：推断作者未明说的态度（如通过反问句暗示批评）。
作者意图：判断写作目的（说服/告知/娱乐）。
难度提升点
长难句密集：需拆分复杂句结构（如定语从句嵌套状语）。
干扰项迷惑性增强：使用原文词汇但逻辑错误（如偷换主语）。
四、备考建议
1、精练真题，总结规律：
分析近 5 年甘肃中考判断题，整理高频考点（如细节定位、态度词）。
建立错题本，标注错误类型（如偷换概念/过度推断）。
2、强化细节定位能力：
限时训练（6-8 分钟/篇），用荧光笔标记原文关键句。
练习同义替换识别（如“solve problems” → “address challenges”）。
3、积累高频话题词汇：
环保类：recycle, renewable energy, carbon footprint.
科技类：artificial intelligence, algorithm, digital devices.
4、模拟实战技巧：
NOT Mentioned 题：先快速扫描选项，排除明显错误的，剩余逐一核对。
推理题：警惕绝对化表述（如 only, absolutely），原文若有“may”“might”则选项需弱化。
5、批判性思维训练：
多读英文报刊（如《China Daily》），学习分析作者观点与逻辑。
五、总结
“阅读理解之判断”是细节、推理与速度的综合考验。2025 年甘肃中考可能更侧重语境推理
和实际应用能力，考生需在夯实基础的同时，强化逻辑分析和长难句拆解能力，通过科学训
练提升准确率！
【基础试题】
A
One day, a couple wanted to buy a tea cup. So they went into a shop. They saw a beautiful
one there. They asked, “May we see that We’ve never seen such a beautiful one.” As the
shopkeeper handed it to them, suddenly the tea cup spoke. “You don’t understand.” it said. “Once
I was red and looked ugly (丑陋的). I was struck (捶打) over and over by my master. I shouted
out, ‘Let me alone.’ But he only smiled, ‘Not yet.’ Then I was put on a wheel which was moving,
and suddenly I was pushed to move around and around. ‘Stop!’ I cried. But my master only shook
his head and said, ‘Not yet.’ Then he put me in the oven. I was fired at a very high heat. I
wondered why he wanted to burn me, and I cried and knocked at the door. But he just shook his
head.”
“Finally, the door opened. He put me on the table, and I began to become cool. Then I was
polished. After that, my master brushed and painted me all over. How terrible the smell was! I
thought I would die. ‘Stop!’ I cried. He only shook his head, ‘Not yet.’ Then suddenly he put me
into the second oven. This oven was twice as hot as the first one and I couldn’t breathe at all. I
begged (哀求). However, my master put me on the table again. ‘Not yet.’ I nearly lost hope. Just
then, the door opened. He took me out and put me on the table again.”
“One hour later he handed me a mirror and said, ‘Look at yourself.’ And I did so. I was
surprised and said, ‘That’s not me. Why am I so beautiful ’ ‘I want you to remember,’ my master
said, ‘without those pains, you would never be a perfect product.’”
根据短文内容判断正、误。
（注意：考生将答题卡相应位置涂黑。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”）
1．One day, a couple went into a shop to buy a tea cup.
2．When the couple saw the tea cup, it looked ugly.
3．After being polished, the master was brushed and painted all over.
4．The second oven was hotter than the first one.
5．According to the passage, we know that those pains helped the tea cup become a perfect
product.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．A
【难度】0.85
【知识点】哲理感悟、寓言童话、记叙文、细节理解
【导语】本文是一个漂亮的茶杯在自述自己如何被制成的。
1．细节理解题。根据“One day, a couple wanted to buy a tea cup. So they went into a shop.”可知，
一天，一对夫妇走进一家商店买了一个茶杯。故填 A。
2．细节理解题。根据“They saw a beautiful one there.”可知，当这对夫妇看见这个茶杯时，它
看起来非常漂亮。故填 B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Then I was polished. After that, my master brushed and painted me all
over.”可知，这个茶杯被润色之后，他的主人给它全身刷了颜料，不是他的主人被全身刷了
颜料。故填 B。
4．细节理解题。根据“Then suddenly he put me into the second oven. This oven was twice as hot
as the first one”可知，第二个烤炉比第一个更热。故填 A。
5．细节理解题。根据“without those pains, you would never be a perfect product”可知，这些痛
苦帮助茶杯成为一件完美的产品。故填 A。
B
GUANG MING MIDDLE SCHOOL
Dear children,
Hello and welcome back! Next week we’re starting school again. Please remember to bring
everything on this list:
●one large school bag
●four school books (English, math, science and Chinese)
●one notebook
●two pencils
●one eraser
●one large box of colour pencils (for art lessons)
●one pair of scissors
●one glue stick
●one ruler (plastic or wood)
●one lunch box
Please write your name on everything. It’s important for you not to lose anything.
See you next week!
Mr. Wu Headteacher
Note: Please don’t bring expensive things (like mobile phones) to school.
阅读以上书信，根据其内容判断下列句子正误。正确填（涂）A、错误填（涂）B。
1．This letter is from one of the students to Mr. Wu.
2．The students are starting school next week.
3．The students are supposed to bring everything on the list to school.
4．The students needn’t write their names on everything.
5．Expensive things are allowed to bring to school.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B
【难度】0.85
【知识点】应用文、细节理解、推理判断、校规
【导语】本文主要是一封来自光明中学校长的信，提醒学生们下周开学了，需要准备一些必
要的学习用品。
1．推理判断题。根据信的称呼“Dear children”和落款“Mr. Wu Headteacher”，可推理出这封
信是吴校长写给孩子们的，这与题干 “这封信是其中一个学生写给吴先生的。”，描述不相
符，故填 B。
2．细节理解题。根据信中“Hello and welcome back! Next week we’re starting school again. ”，
可知下周我们又要开学了，这与题干“学生们下周就要开学了。”，描述相符，故填 A。
3．细节理解题。根据信中“Please remember to bring everything on this list”，可知请记得带上
清单上的所有东西，这与题干“学生们应该把单子上的所有东西带到学校。”，描述相符，故
填 A。
4．细节理解题。根据信中“Please write your name on everything. ”，可知请把你的名字写在每
件东西上，这与题干“学生们不必在每件事上都写上自己的名字。”，描述不相符，故填 B。
5．细节理解题。根据信中“Please don’t bring expensive things (like mobile phones) to school.”，
可知不要把贵重的物品带到学校，这与题干“贵重物品被允许带到学校。”，描述不相符，故
填 B。
C
Strawberries look nice, but a light pressure can make them out of shape. Nowadays, there
are many young people who are just like strawberries. They easily break down when they face
difficulties. They don’t know what to do when they are in trouble. They have a common name —
strawberry kids.
Why are many students so easy to break down Parents and schools are a main reason.
Parents do almost everything for them in their daily life. while schools care more about their
grades instead of developing their personality (个性).
Liu Yue, 13, is from Fujian. His mom hardly criticizes him and he always feels good about
himself. When a teacher criticized him strictly, he felt surprised and sad. He began to doubt his
ability.
Students should do something to make themselves mentally strong (意志坚强). An expert
said, “When you are in trouble, don’t ask for help too quickly. You should try to deal with
problems first by yourself. I also advise you to take an active part in sports and social activities.
That can make you mentally strong.”
Growing up is not just a happy process. Pains also go along with it. The most important
thing is to face the pains bravely and learn from them.
根据短文内容判断正、误。(正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”)
1．Some students are called “strawberry kids” because they all like to eat some fruit, especially
strawberries.
2．When Liu Yue’s mother criticized him strictly, he felt surprised and sad.
3．From the passage, we know that growing up is not only a happy process but also goes along
with pains.
4．According to the fourth paragraph, students should ask for help quickly when they are in
trouble.
5．The writer advises students to be brave in the face of pains.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A
【难度】0.85
【知识点】青少年问题、说明文、细节理解、意见/建议
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“草莓孩儿”的表现，并阐述了对他们的期望。
1．细节理解题。根据“Nowadays, there are many young people who are just like strawberries.
They easily break down when they face difficulties. They don’t know what to do when they are in
trouble. They have a common name — strawberry kids.”可知遇到困难时容易出问题，不知道
怎么办的孩子被称为“草莓孩儿”，故选 B。
2．细节理解题。根据“When a teacher criticized him strictly, he felt surprised and sad.”可知是一
个老师批评他时，他感觉惊讶和难过，故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Growing up is not just a happy process. Pains also go along with it.”可知
成长不仅是一个快乐的过程，也伴随着痛苦，故选 A。
4．细节理解题。根据“When you are in trouble, don’t ask for help too quickly.”可知专家建议当
遇到麻烦时，不要太快地求助，故选 B。
5．细节理解题。根据“The most important thing is to face the pains bravely and learn from them.”
可知作者建议最重要的事是勇敢地面对痛苦并从中有所学习，故选 A。
【提升试题】
A
A Spring Morning Spring is Here
（Meng Haoran） （Xu Zhimo）
This spring morning in bed I’m When springtime comes upon us. Filling freshness in the air.
lying, Showing nature’s own beauty. With flowers blooming (开花)
Not to awake till birds are everywhere.
crying. Trees start slowly budding (发芽). Opening to the sun’s
After one night of wind and warm rays.
showers, Start the birds singing. Touching our hearts in these ways.
How many are the fallen The grass starts turning green. Pushing up out of the ground.
flowers Nature is waking up. Sending forth her beautiful sound.
阅读以上材料，根据其内容判读下列句子正误。正确填（涂）A，错误填（涂）B。
1．A Spring Morning is written by Xu Zhimo.
2．In the first poem, the weather is windy and rainy during the evening.
3．According to the poem, Xu Zhimo doesn’t like spring.
4．Bird calls are mentioned in both poems.
5．The two poets both describe the spring.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】季节、诗歌/小说、细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断
【导语】本文通过两首诗歌的对比，展现了两位诗人对春天的不同描绘。
1．细节理解题。根据表格中第一首诗的标题下方标注的“（Meng Haoran）”可知，《春晓》
的作者是孟浩然，而非徐志摩。故选 B。
2．细节理解题。根据“After one night of wind and showers”可知，夜晚确实有风雨天气。故选
A。
3．推理判断题。徐志摩的诗《春》通过描写春天的美景（如花开、鸟鸣、草绿等）表达了
对春天的喜爱，因此题干说法错误。故选 B。
4．细节理解题。根据文章可知，第一首诗的“Not to awake till birds are crying”和第二首诗的
“Start the birds singing”均提到了鸟鸣。故选 A。
5．主旨大意题。两首诗分别通过落花、风雨（孟浩然）和花开、鸟鸣（徐志摩）描绘了春
天的景象。题干表述正确。选 A。
B
< Friends (4)
Hello, my dear friends. How are you today
Great! I get up at six thirty. Then I go to school by bike. After school, I join the chess
club. I love playing chess very much. I often play chess with my friends on Sundays.
You know I am in a new school now. My new life in No.2 Middle School is very busy
but colourful. My teachers and classmates are kind to me. I play sports with my classmates
after school. Sometimes we go shopping and draw pictures.
Your life is great! How’s Mia’s life in the UK
There are many lessons in my middle school, such as football, music and dance
lessons. My favourite lesson is dance. After class, students do exercises on the sports field or
read books in the library.
阅读以上对话，根据其内容判读下列句子正误。正确填（涂）A、错误填（涂）B．
1．Wang Lei often walks to school.
2．Wang Lei never plays chess with his friends on weekends.
3．Frank thinks his school life is busy but colourful.
4．Mia is studying in the UK now.
5．Mia enjoys playing football very much.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】学习科目、爱好、细节理解、新媒体语篇
【导语】本文是一个群聊的界面，四个朋友在群里讨论了自己的学校生活，爱好等信息。
1．细节理解题。根据“Then I go to school by bike.”可知，王磊每天骑自行车，而不是步行。
故填 B。
2．细节理解题。根据“I often play chess with my friends on Sundays.”可知，王磊说自己经常
在周日与朋友下棋，并非从不下棋。故填 B。
3．细节理解题。根据“My new life in No.2 Middle School is very busy but colourful.”可知，Frank
表示他的学校生活“很忙碌但多彩”。故填 A。
4．细节理解题。根据“How’s Mia’s life in the UK ”可知，Mia 现在正在英国读书，故填 A。
5．细节理解题。根据“There are many lessons in my middle school, such as football, music and
dance lessons. My favourite lesson is dance.”可知，Mia 最喜欢的课程是舞蹈，并未提到喜欢踢
足球，故此句错误。故填 B。
C
There was a boy in India who was sent by his parents to a boarding (寄宿的) school. Before
being sent away, this boy was the brightest student in his class. He was at the top in every
competition. And he was the pride of his parents and relatives.
But the boy changed after leaving home and attending the boarding school soon. His grades
started dropping. He hated being in a group. He was lonely all the time. And there were especially
dark times when he felt that no one loved him any more.
His parents started worrying about the boy. But even they did not know what was wrong
with him. So his dad decided to travel to the boarding school and talk with him.
They sat on the bank of the lake near the school. The father started asking him casual (随意
的) questions about his classes, teachers and sports. After some time his dad said, “Do you know,
my son, why I am here today ”
The boy answered back at once, “To check my grades”.
“No, no,” his dad replied, “I am here to tell you that you are the most important person for
me. I don’t care about your grades. I care about your happiness. You are my life.” These words
caused the boy’s eyes to fill with tears immediately. He hugged his dad for a long time. He knew
there was someone on this earth who cared for him deeply. Later this young man came to the top
of his class and never felt sad.
根据短文判断正误。(注意：将答题卡相应位置涂黑。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”)
1．At the boarding school, the boy felt no one cared about him.
2．The father went to the boarding school to know if his son was still the best student.
3．The boy thought his father just cared for his grades at first.
4．After talking with his father, the boy came to the top of his class again but still felt sad.
5．The main purpose of the passage is to tell us to pay attention to the power of love.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】家人和亲人、记叙文、细节理解、主旨大意
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个男孩在寄宿学校感到孤独，认为不再有人爱他，父亲得知后来
到学校与他交谈，让他知道了父亲对他的关心，最终男孩不再伤心，成绩也变好了。
1．细节理解题。根据“He was lonely all the time. And there were especially dark times when he
felt that no one loved him any more.”可知，在寄宿学校，男孩感到孤独，觉得没有人关心他。
故答案为 A。
2．细节理解题。根据“I am here to tell you that you are the most important person for me. I don’
t care about your grades. I care about your happiness. You are my life.”可知，父亲去寄宿学校是
为了关心儿子，而不是去了解儿子是否仍然是最好的学生。故答案为 B。
3．细节理解题。根据“To check my grades”可知，男孩一开始认为父亲只关心他的成绩。故
答案为 A。
4．细节理解题。根据“Later this young man came to the top of his class and never felt sad.”可知，
和父亲谈话后，男孩再次成为班里的顶尖学生，也不再感到伤心。故答案为 B。
5．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了一个男孩在寄宿学校感到孤独，认为不再有人爱他，父亲
得知后来到学校与他交谈，让他知道了父亲对他的关心，最终男孩不再伤心，成绩也变好了。
文章旨在告诉我们爱的力量。故答案为 A。
【拔高试题】
A
A crow (乌鸦) lived in the forest and was very satisfied with his life. But one day he saw a
swan (天鹅). “This swan is so white,” he thought, “and I am so black. This swan must be the
happiest bird in the world.”
He expressed his thoughts to the swan. “Actually,” the swan replied, “I was feeling that I
was the happiest bird around until I saw a parrot (鹦鹉), which has two colors. I now think it is the
happiest bird in the world.” The crow then came to the parrot. The parrot explained, “I lived a
very happy life until I saw a peacock (孔雀) which had many colors.”
The crow then flew to visit the peacock in the zoo and saw that hundreds of people came to
see him. After the people had left, the crow came to the peacock. “Dear peacock,” the crow said,
“You are so beautiful. Every day so many people come to see you. But wherever and whenever
people see me, they usually drive me away. I think you are the happiest bird on the earth.”
The peacock replied, “I always thought that I was the most beautiful bird on the earth. But I
have to live in the zoo. I can’t go anywhere outside the zoo. I realize that you are the happiest bird
because you can travel everywhere.”
That’s our problem, too. We don’t value what we have. This leads to unhappiness. There
will always be someone who has more or less than you have. A person who is satisfied with what
he has is the happiest person in the world.
根据短文内容判断正误，正确的写 A，错误的写 B。
1．The crow that lived in the zoo admired the white swan.
2．The swan thought the two-color parrot was the happiest bird in the world.
3．As soon as the crow came to the zoo, people drove him away at once.
4．The peacock wanted to be as free as the crow.
5．A person who doesn’t value what he has won’t be happy.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】哲理感悟、寓言童话、记叙文、细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断
【导语】本文通过讲述乌鸦、天鹅、鹦鹉和孔雀之间关于谁更幸福的讨论，揭示了人们往往
不珍惜自己所拥有的，而羡慕别人所拥有的，从而导致不幸福；实际上，珍惜并满足于自己
所拥有的人才是最幸福的。
1．细节理解题。根据“A crow lived in the forest and was very satisfied with his life. But one day
he saw a swan.”可知，乌鸦住在森林里，而不是动物园里；因此题干“住在动物园里的乌鸦羡
慕白色的天鹅。”与原文不符。故填 B。
2．细节理解题。根据“‘Actually,’ the swan replied, ‘I was feeling that I was the happiest bird
around until I saw a parrot, which has two colors. I now think it is the happiest bird in the world.’”
可知，天鹅认为有两种颜色的鹦鹉是世界上最幸福的鸟；因此题干“天鹅认为这只有两种颜
色的鹦鹉是世界上最快乐的鸟。”与原文相符。故填 A。
3．细节理解题。根据“The crow then flew to visit the peacock in the zoo and saw that hundreds
of people came to see him. After the people had left, the crow came to the peacock.”可知，乌鸦飞
到动物园看到很多人来看孔雀，在人们离开后，乌鸦才来到孔雀身边，并没有说乌鸦一到动
物园就被人们赶走；因此题干“乌鸦一来到动物园，人们就立刻把它赶走了。”与原文不符。
故选 B。
4．推理判断题。根据“The peacock replied, ‘I always thought that I was the most beautiful bird
on the earth. But I have to live in the zoo. I can’t go anywhere outside the zoo. I realize that you
are the happiest bird because you can travel everywhere.’”可知，孔雀认为乌鸦能到处飞，自己
却只能生活在动物园里不能出去，所以孔雀想要像乌鸦一样自由；因此题干“孔雀想要像乌
鸦一样自由。”与原文相符。故选 A。
5．主旨大意题。根据“We don’t value what we have. This leads to unhappiness. There will always
be someone who has more or less than you have. A person who is satisfied with what he has is the
happiest person in the world.”可知，不珍惜自己所拥有的东西会导致不快乐，所以一个不珍惜
自己所拥有的人不会快乐；因此题干“一个不珍惜自己所拥有的人是不会快乐的。”与原文相
符。故填 A。
B
Nowadays, people usually shake hands when they meet each other. Do the Chinese always
greet others like this In fact, handshaking was introduced to our country around 100 years ago.
There were several kinds of greeting in ancient China. Among them the fist and palm salute
(拱手礼) was a quite common one, with a history of about 3,000 years. It was first used by people
in the West Zhou Dynasty. In ancient times, if people met a stranger, their hands were always
ready for holding something used for fighting. Holding out both hands showed that people could
feel relaxed.
When people meet, men usually use their left hand to hold the right one. It’s believed that
people considered the left as the important side for men in Chinese history. While for women, the
important side is the right. So when they give the fist and palm salute, they should put their right
hand on the top. When someone presents the fist and palm salute to you, you are supposed to do it
back as well.
In many wuxia or kung fu TV series and movies, people greet each other with the hold fist
salute, or Baoquan in Chinese. The gesture (手势) is that the right hand is made a fist, while the
left hand is to cover the right fist. It’s similar to the fist and palm salute, but they are different.
Baoquan is widely used among kung fu masters and students.
So, don’t make a mistake.
正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”。
1．Handshaking first started in China and then was spread to other places.
2．In West Zhou Dynasty, having empty hands showed that people could feel relaxed.
3．In ancient China, women should greet men by using their left hand to hold the right one.
4．The hold fist salute can only be seen in wuxia or kung fu TV series and movies.
5．The passage mentions three ways of greeting people in China.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】中华文化、说明文、礼仪与习俗
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了拱手礼和抱拳的相关知识。
1．细节理解题。根据“In fact, handshaking was introduced to our country around 100 years ago.”
可知，此处是说握手是在大约100年前传入我国的。由此可知握手首先在中国开始是错误的。
故答案为 B。
2．细节理解题。根据“In ancient times, if people met a stranger, their hands were always ready for
holding something used for fighting. Holding out both hands showed that people could feel
relaxed.”可知，此处是说在古代，如果人们遇到一个陌生人，他们的手总是准备握着用来战
斗的东西。伸出双手表示人们可以感到放松是对的。故答案为 A。
3．细节理解题。根据“While for women, the important side is the right. So when they give the fist
and palm salute, they should put their right hand on the top.”可知，而对于女性来说，重要的一
面是右手。所以当她们用拳头和手掌敬礼的时候，她们应该把他们的右手放在上面。因此女
性应该用左手握着右手向男性打招呼是错误的。故答案为 B。
4．细节理解题。根据“In many wuxia or kung fu TV series and movies,...Baoquan is widely used
among kung fu masters and students.”可知，在许多武侠或功夫电视剧和电影中，人们用握拳
或宝拳打招呼。这个手势是右手握拳，左手盖住右手握拳。它类似于拳头和手掌礼，但它们
不同。宝拳在功夫大师和学生中广泛使用。由此可知握拳敬礼只能在武侠或功夫电视剧和电
影中看到是不对的。故答案为 B。
5．细节理解题。根据文章的三幅图可知，“hand shaking”、“the fist and palm salute”和“the hold
fist salute”可知，这是中国问候人们的三种方式。故答案为 A。
C
One day, a couple wanted to buy a tea cup. So they went into a shop. They saw a beautiful
one there. They asked, "May we see that We've never seen such a beautiful one." As the
shopkeeper handed it to them, suddenly the tea cup spoke. "You don't understand." it said. "Once
I was red and looked ugly. I was rolled and struck (捶打) over and over by my master. I shouted
out, 'Let me alone.' But he only smiled, 'Not yet.' Then I was put on a wheel which was moving,
and suddenly I was pushed to move around and around. 'Stop!' I cried. But my master only shook
his head and said, 'Not yet.' Then he put me in the oven. I was fired at a very high heat. I
wondered why he wanted to burn me, and I cried and knocked at the door. But he just shook his
head."
"Finally, the door opened. He put me on the table, and I began to become cool. Then I was
polished. After that, my master brushed and painted me all over. How terrible the smell was! I
thought I would die. 'Stop!' I cried. He only shook his head, 'Not yet.' Then suddenly he put me
into the second oven. This oven was twice as hot as the first one and I couldn't breathe at all. I
begged (哀求). However, my master put me on the table again. 'Not yet.' I nearly lost hope. Just
then, the door opened. He took me out and put me on the table again."
"One hour later he handed me a mirror and said, 'Look at yourself.' And I did so. I was
surprised and said, 'That's not me. Why am I so beautiful 'I want you to remember,' my master
said, 'without those paints, you would never be a perfect product.'"
根据短文内容判断正、误。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”）
1．One day, a couple went into a shop to buy a tea cup.
2．When the couple saw the tea cup, it looked ugly.
3．After being polished, the master was brushed and painted all over.
4．The second oven was hotter than the first one.
5．According to the passage, we know that those paints helped the tea cup become a perfect
product.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】商品、其他艺术、记叙文、细节理解
【分析】本文是一个漂亮的茶杯在自述自己如何被制成的。
1．细节理解题。根据“One day, a couple wanted to buy a tea cup.”可知，一天，一对夫妇进入
商店想要买一个茶杯，此处与原文一致，故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据“So they went into a shop They saw a beautiful one there.”可知，当这对夫
妇看见这个茶杯时，它看起来非常漂亮，此处与原文不符。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Then I was polished. After that, my master brushed and painted me all
over.”可知，这个茶杯被润色之后，他的主人给它全身刷了颜料，不是他的主人被全身刷了
油漆。此处与原文不符，故选 B。
4．细节理解题。根据“Then suddenly he put me into the second oven. This oven was twice as hot
as the first one and I couldn't breathe at all.”可知，第二个烤炉比第一个更热，此处与原文一致，
故选 A。
5．细节理解题。根据“without those pains, you would never be a perfect product.”可知，这些颜
料使这个茶杯成为了一种完美的产品，此处与原文一致，故选 A。阅读理解之判断
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
1. 题型特点
判断类题目要求考生根据文章内容，判断给定陈述是正确（True）、错误（False）还是文中
未提及（Not Mentioned）。
常见提问方式：
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
The statement “...” is ______ according to the text.
All the following are mentioned EXCEPT ______.
2. 核心难点
细节理解偏差：
偷换概念：选项与原文细节部分一致，但关键信息被替换（如时间、地点、人物行为）。
过度推断：需严格依据原文，避免主观联想（如“may”在原文中未出现时不能推断为“must”）。
推理判断陷阱：
隐含逻辑：需结合上下文推导作者意图或事件结果（如“His eyes widened”暗示惊讶）。
态度观点题：判断作者对某事物的态度（支持/反对/中立），需关注情感词（如“fortunately”
“surprisingly”）。
词义猜测干扰：
生词或熟词生义（如“bank”在环保文中可能指“河岸”而非“银行”）。
主旨与细节混淆：
干扰项可能概括主旨，但题目要求判断细节（或反之）。
二、解题步骤
1. 通读全文，把握结构（2-3 分钟）
快速定位关键信息：
记叙文：时间线、人物行为、事件结果。
说明文：段落主旨句（首句或末句）、数字/数据。
议论文：论点、论据、结论。
2. 审题与定位
明确题目类型：
细节判断题 → 直接定位原文对应句。
推理判断题 → 寻找上下文线索（如因果关系、转折词）。
词义猜测题 → 分析生词所在句的逻辑关系（如同位语、举例）。
标记题干关键词：人名、地名、数字、专有名词（如“AI technology”）。
3. 对比原文与选项
正确选项特征：与原文完全一致或同义改写（如“reduce pollution” → “cut down on waste”）。
错误选项特征：
无中生有：文中未提及。
张冠李戴：混淆人物、时间或事件。
反向干扰：与原文矛盾（如原文说“agree”，选项改为“disagree”）。
4. 特殊题型处理
NOT Mentioned 题：排除所有在文中明确提到的选项，剩余即为答案。
态度题：关注形容词和副词（如“critical”“enthusiastic”）。
示例：
原文：Tom planned to visit his grandparents last weekend, but a sudden rainstorm forced him to
stay at home.
题目：Tom visited his grandparents last weekend.
答案：False（原文明确提到因雨取消计划）。
三、预测分析
1、选材方向
社会热点：人工智能（AI）的影响、垃圾分类政策、青少年心理健康。
文化主题：中国传统节日习俗（如重阳节登高）、中外文化交流（如留学生活）。
科技与环境：新能源开发、野生动物保护、太空探索。
2、命题趋势
综合推理加强：需结合多个段落信息得出结论（如因果链分析）。
多模态文本：图文结合（如表格数据与文字说明匹配判断）。
高阶思维考查：
隐含观点：推断作者未明说的态度（如通过反问句暗示批评）。
作者意图：判断写作目的（说服/告知/娱乐）。
难度提升点
长难句密集：需拆分复杂句结构（如定语从句嵌套状语）。
干扰项迷惑性增强：使用原文词汇但逻辑错误（如偷换主语）。
四、备考建议
1、精练真题，总结规律：
分析近 5 年甘肃中考判断题，整理高频考点（如细节定位、态度词）。
建立错题本，标注错误类型（如偷换概念/过度推断）。
2、强化细节定位能力：
限时训练（6-8 分钟/篇），用荧光笔标记原文关键句。
练习同义替换识别（如“solve problems” → “address challenges”）。
3、积累高频话题词汇：
环保类：recycle, renewable energy, carbon footprint.
科技类：artificial intelligence, algorithm, digital devices.
4、模拟实战技巧：
NOT Mentioned 题：先快速扫描选项，排除明显错误的，剩余逐一核对。
推理题：警惕绝对化表述（如 only, absolutely），原文若有“may”“might”则选项需弱化。
5、批判性思维训练：
多读英文报刊（如《China Daily》），学习分析作者观点与逻辑。
五、总结
“阅读理解之判断”是细节、推理与速度的综合考验。2025 年甘肃中考可能更侧重语境推理
和实际应用能力，考生需在夯实基础的同时，强化逻辑分析和长难句拆解能力，通过科学训
练提升准确率！
【基础试题】
A
One day, a couple wanted to buy a tea cup. So they went into a shop. They saw a beautiful
one there. They asked, “May we see that We’ve never seen such a beautiful one.” As the
shopkeeper handed it to them, suddenly the tea cup spoke. “You don’t understand.” it said. “Once
I was red and looked ugly (丑陋的). I was struck (捶打) over and over by my master. I shouted
out, ‘Let me alone.’ But he only smiled, ‘Not yet.’ Then I was put on a wheel which was moving,
and suddenly I was pushed to move around and around. ‘Stop!’ I cried. But my master only shook
his head and said, ‘Not yet.’ Then he put me in the oven. I was fired at a very high heat. I
wondered why he wanted to burn me, and I cried and knocked at the door. But he just shook his
head.”
“Finally, the door opened. He put me on the table, and I began to become cool. Then I was
polished. After that, my master brushed and painted me all over. How terrible the smell was! I
thought I would die. ‘Stop!’ I cried. He only shook his head, ‘Not yet.’ Then suddenly he put me
into the second oven. This oven was twice as hot as the first one and I couldn’t breathe at all. I
begged (哀求). However, my master put me on the table again. ‘Not yet.’ I nearly lost hope. Just
then, the door opened. He took me out and put me on the table again.”
“One hour later he handed me a mirror and said, ‘Look at yourself.’ And I did so. I was
surprised and said, ‘That’s not me. Why am I so beautiful ’ ‘I want you to remember,’ my master
said, ‘without those pains, you would never be a perfect product.’”
根据短文内容判断正、误。
（注意：考生将答题卡相应位置涂黑。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”）
1．One day, a couple went into a shop to buy a tea cup.
2．When the couple saw the tea cup, it looked ugly.
3．After being polished, the master was brushed and painted all over.
4．The second oven was hotter than the first one.
5．According to the passage, we know that those pains helped the tea cup become a perfect
product.
B
GUANG MING MIDDLE SCHOOL
Dear children,
Hello and welcome back! Next week we’re starting school again. Please remember to bring
everything on this list:
●one large school bag
●four school books (English, math, science and Chinese)
●one notebook
●two pencils
●one eraser
●one large box of colour pencils (for art lessons)
●one pair of scissors
●one glue stick
●one ruler (plastic or wood)
●one lunch box
Please write your name on everything. It’s important for you not to lose anything.
See you next week!
Mr. Wu Headteacher
Note: Please don’t bring expensive things (like mobile phones) to school.
阅读以上书信，根据其内容判断下列句子正误。正确填（涂）A、错误填（涂）B。
1．This letter is from one of the students to Mr. Wu.
2．The students are starting school next week.
3．The students are supposed to bring everything on the list to school.
4．The students needn’t write their names on everything.
5．Expensive things are allowed to bring to school.
C
Strawberries look nice, but a light pressure can make them out of shape. Nowadays, there
are many young people who are just like strawberries. They easily break down when they face
difficulties. They don’t know what to do when they are in trouble. They have a common name —
strawberry kids.
Why are many students so easy to break down Parents and schools are a main reason.
Parents do almost everything for them in their daily life. while schools care more about their
grades instead of developing their personality (个性).
Liu Yue, 13, is from Fujian. His mom hardly criticizes him and he always feels good about
himself. When a teacher criticized him strictly, he felt surprised and sad. He began to doubt his
ability.
Students should do something to make themselves mentally strong (意志坚强). An expert
said, “When you are in trouble, don’t ask for help too quickly. You should try to deal with
problems first by yourself. I also advise you to take an active part in sports and social activities.
That can make you mentally strong.”
Growing up is not just a happy process. Pains also go along with it. The most important
thing is to face the pains bravely and learn from them.
根据短文内容判断正、误。(正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”)
1．Some students are called “strawberry kids” because they all like to eat some fruit, especially
strawberries.
2．When Liu Yue’s mother criticized him strictly, he felt surprised and sad.
3．From the passage, we know that growing up is not only a happy process but also goes along
with pains.
4．According to the fourth paragraph, students should ask for help quickly when they are in
trouble.
5．The writer advises students to be brave in the face of pains.
【提升试题】
A
A Spring Morning Spring is Here
（Meng Haoran） （Xu Zhimo）
This spring morning in bed I’m When springtime comes upon us. Filling freshness in the air.
lying, Showing nature’s own beauty. With flowers blooming (开花)
Not to awake till birds are everywhere.
crying. Trees start slowly budding (发芽). Opening to the sun’s
After one night of wind and warm rays.
showers, Start the birds singing. Touching our hearts in these ways.
How many are the fallen The grass starts turning green. Pushing up out of the ground.
flowers Nature is waking up. Sending forth her beautiful sound.
阅读以上材料，根据其内容判读下列句子正误。正确填（涂）A，错误填（涂）B。
1．A Spring Morning is written by Xu Zhimo.
2．In the first poem, the weather is windy and rainy during the evening.
3．According to the poem, Xu Zhimo doesn’t like spring.
4．Bird calls are mentioned in both poems.
5．The two poets both describe the spring.
B
< Friends (4)
Hello, my dear friends. How are you today
Great! I get up at six thirty. Then I go to school by bike. After school, I join the chess
club. I love playing chess very much. I often play chess with my friends on Sundays.
You know I am in a new school now. My new life in No.2 Middle School is very busy
but colourful. My teachers and classmates are kind to me. I play sports with my classmates
after school. Sometimes we go shopping and draw pictures.
Your life is great! How’s Mia’s life in the UK
There are many lessons in my middle school, such as football, music and dance
lessons. My favourite lesson is dance. After class, students do exercises on the sports field or
read books in the library.
阅读以上对话，根据其内容判读下列句子正误。正确填（涂）A、错误填（涂）B．
1．Wang Lei often walks to school.
2．Wang Lei never plays chess with his friends on weekends.
3．Frank thinks his school life is busy but colourful.
4．Mia is studying in the UK now.
5．Mia enjoys playing football very much.
C
There was a boy in India who was sent by his parents to a boarding (寄宿的) school. Before
being sent away, this boy was the brightest student in his class. He was at the top in every
competition. And he was the pride of his parents and relatives.
But the boy changed after leaving home and attending the boarding school soon. His grades
started dropping. He hated being in a group. He was lonely all the time. And there were especially
dark times when he felt that no one loved him any more.
His parents started worrying about the boy. But even they did not know what was wrong
with him. So his dad decided to travel to the boarding school and talk with him.
They sat on the bank of the lake near the school. The father started asking him casual (随意
的) questions about his classes, teachers and sports. After some time his dad said, “Do you know,
my son, why I am here today ”
The boy answered back at once, “To check my grades”.
“No, no,” his dad replied, “I am here to tell you that you are the most important person for
me. I don’t care about your grades. I care about your happiness. You are my life.” These words
caused the boy’s eyes to fill with tears immediately. He hugged his dad for a long time. He knew
there was someone on this earth who cared for him deeply. Later this young man came to the top
of his class and never felt sad.
根据短文判断正误。(注意：将答题卡相应位置涂黑。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”)
1．At the boarding school, the boy felt no one cared about him.
2．The father went to the boarding school to know if his son was still the best student.
3．The boy thought his father just cared for his grades at first.
4．After talking with his father, the boy came to the top of his class again but still felt sad.
5．The main purpose of the passage is to tell us to pay attention to the power of love.
【拔高试题】
A
A crow (乌鸦) lived in the forest and was very satisfied with his life. But one day he saw a
swan (天鹅). “This swan is so white,” he thought, “and I am so black. This swan must be the
happiest bird in the world.”
He expressed his thoughts to the swan. “Actually,” the swan replied, “I was feeling that I
was the happiest bird around until I saw a parrot (鹦鹉), which has two colors. I now think it is the
happiest bird in the world.” The crow then came to the parrot. The parrot explained, “I lived a
very happy life until I saw a peacock (孔雀) which had many colors.”
The crow then flew to visit the peacock in the zoo and saw that hundreds of people came to
see him. After the people had left, the crow came to the peacock. “Dear peacock,” the crow said,
“You are so beautiful. Every day so many people come to see you. But wherever and whenever
people see me, they usually drive me away. I think you are the happiest bird on the earth.”
The peacock replied, “I always thought that I was the most beautiful bird on the earth. But I
have to live in the zoo. I can’t go anywhere outside the zoo. I realize that you are the happiest bird
because you can travel everywhere.”
That’s our problem, too. We don’t value what we have. This leads to unhappiness. There
will always be someone who has more or less than you have. A person who is satisfied with what
he has is the happiest person in the world.
根据短文内容判断正误，正确的写 A，错误的写 B。
1．The crow that lived in the zoo admired the white swan.
2．The swan thought the two-color parrot was the happiest bird in the world.
3．As soon as the crow came to the zoo, people drove him away at once.
4．The peacock wanted to be as free as the crow.
5．A person who doesn’t value what he has won’t be happy.
B
Nowadays, people usually shake hands when they meet each other. Do the Chinese always
greet others like this In fact, handshaking was introduced to our country around 100 years ago.
There were several kinds of greeting in ancient China. Among them the fist and palm salute
(拱手礼) was a quite common one, with a history of about 3,000 years. It was first used by people
in the West Zhou Dynasty. In ancient times, if people met a stranger, their hands were always
ready for holding something used for fighting. Holding out both hands showed that people could
feel relaxed.
When people meet, men usually use their left hand to hold the right one. It’s believed that
people considered the left as the important side for men in Chinese history. While for women, the
important side is the right. So when they give the fist and palm salute, they should put their right
hand on the top. When someone presents the fist and palm salute to you, you are supposed to do it
back as well.
In many wuxia or kung fu TV series and movies, people greet each other with the hold fist
salute, or Baoquan in Chinese. The gesture (手势) is that the right hand is made a fist, while the
left hand is to cover the right fist. It’s similar to the fist and palm salute, but they are different.
Baoquan is widely used among kung fu masters and students.
So, don’t make a mistake.
正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”。
1．Handshaking first started in China and then was spread to other places.
2．In West Zhou Dynasty, having empty hands showed that people could feel relaxed.
3．In ancient China, women should greet men by using their left hand to hold the right one.
4．The hold fist salute can only be seen in wuxia or kung fu TV series and movies.
5．The passage mentions three ways of greeting people in China.
C
One day, a couple wanted to buy a tea cup. So they went into a shop. They saw a beautiful
one there. They asked, "May we see that We've never seen such a beautiful one." As the
shopkeeper handed it to them, suddenly the tea cup spoke. "You don't understand." it said. "Once
I was red and looked ugly. I was rolled and struck (捶打) over and over by my master. I shouted
out, 'Let me alone.' But he only smiled, 'Not yet.' Then I was put on a wheel which was moving,
and suddenly I was pushed to move around and around. 'Stop!' I cried. But my master only shook
his head and said, 'Not yet.' Then he put me in the oven. I was fired at a very high heat. I
wondered why he wanted to burn me, and I cried and knocked at the door. But he just shook his
head."
"Finally, the door opened. He put me on the table, and I began to become cool. Then I was
polished. After that, my master brushed and painted me all over. How terrible the smell was! I
thought I would die. 'Stop!' I cried. He only shook his head, 'Not yet.' Then suddenly he put me
into the second oven. This oven was twice as hot as the first one and I couldn't breathe at all. I
begged (哀求). However, my master put me on the table again. 'Not yet.' I nearly lost hope. Just
then, the door opened. He took me out and put me on the table again."
"One hour later he handed me a mirror and said, 'Look at yourself.' And I did so. I was
surprised and said, 'That's not me. Why am I so beautiful 'I want you to remember,' my master
said, 'without those paints, you would never be a perfect product.'"
根据短文内容判断正、误。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”）
1．One day, a couple went into a shop to buy a tea cup.
2．When the couple saw the tea cup, it looked ugly.
3．After being polished, the master was brushed and painted all over.
4．The second oven was hotter than the first one.
5．According to the passage, we know that those paints helped the tea cup become a perfect
product.
