阅读理解之说明文
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
1. 说明文核心特征
客观性与逻辑性：以解释事实、阐明原理或介绍现象为主，语言简洁，逻辑清晰。
常见主题：科技发展（如 AI 应用）、环境保护（如垃圾分类）、社会现象（如人口老龄化）、
传统文化（如二十四节气）等。
2. 核心难点
学术词汇与术语：
如 biodiversity（生物多样性）、carbon emission（碳排放）、algorithm（算法）等，需结合
上下文猜测词义。
一词多义：如 current（水流/当前的）、draft（草稿/通风）。
复杂结构与逻辑关系
段落间逻辑：因果（due to）、对 比（however）、递 进（furthermore）、举 例（for example）。
长难句分析：含定语从句、状语从句、被动语态的句子（如 “The technology, which was
developed in 2020, has significantly improved efficiency.”）。
细节定位与同义替换
干扰项常使用原文词汇但替换关键信息（如将“reduce pollution”改为“increase recycling”）。
数据类题目需精确匹配数字和单位（如“30%”误为“3%”）。
推理判断题
需区分事实（文中明确提到）与观点（作者暗示或推测）。
隐含目的题：判断作者写作意图（如警示/建议/解释现象）。
二、解题步骤
1. 快速浏览，把握结构（2-3 分钟）
定位文章类型：说明文通常有清晰的结构（总分总、问题-解决、时间顺序）。
标段落主旨句：重点看首段、末段及每段首尾句，标记关键词（如 however, in addition）。
预测内容：根据标题和插图推测主题（如标题“Solar Energy”提示讨论新能源优势）。
2. 细读题目，定位原文
审题技巧：
细节题：锁定具体数据、人名、地点（如“What caused the decline in bird population ”）。
主旨题：关注首尾段及重复出现的词汇。
推理题：寻找逻辑信号词（because, therefore）。
定位方法：利用题干关键词（专有名词、数字）快速扫描原文对应段落。
3. 对比选项与原文
正确选项特征：
同义替换（如原文“mitigate pollution” → 选项“reduce environmental damage”）。
符合逻辑推断（如原文“studies show...” → 选项“research supports this theory”）。
错误选项特征：
无中生有：文中未提及或过度延伸（如原文说“may help”但选项改为“definitely cures”）。
偷换概念：替换关键修饰词（如“renewable energy”误为“fossil fuels”）。
4. 特殊题型处理
数据题：核对数字、百分比、时间点（如原文“20% decrease” ≠ 选项“increased by 20%”）。
结构题：判断段落功能（如举例段支持论点，过渡段衔接上下文）。
示例：
原文：The Great Wall was originally built to defend against invasions, but today it serves as a
cultural symbol and tourist attraction.
题目：The main purpose of the Great Wall now is to attract tourists.
答案：True（原文明确提到“today it serves as... tourist attraction”）。
三、预测分析
1、选材方向
科技与生活：AI 在医疗/教育中的应用、智能家居、5G 技术。
生态保护：气候变化（global warming）、濒危物种保护、可再生能源（solar/wind power）。
传统文化创新：非遗技艺（如剪纸、皮影戏）的现代传承。
社会热点：青少年心理健康、远程办公/学习的利弊。
2、命题趋势
跨学科融合：结合地理（如“沙漠化治理”）、生物（如“基因编辑”）等知识。
3、高阶思维考查：
隐含观点：推断作者对争议性话题的态度（支持/反对）。
作者意图：判断写作目的（说服读者采取行动/解释复杂现象）。
多模态文本：图文结合（如流程图、数据表与文字匹配）。
4、难度提升点
抽象概念解析：需理解专业术语在语境中的含义（如“algorithm”在 AI 中的角色）。
长难句密集：复合句嵌套逻辑关系（如条件状语从句+定语从句）。
干扰项迷惑性增强：使用原文词汇但逻辑错误（如颠倒因果关系）。
四、备考建议
1、词汇积累：
整理说明文高频词汇（科技、环保类），结合例句记忆（如 “recyclable materials”）。
熟记一词多义词（如“yield”可指“产量”或“屈服”）。
2、结构化训练：
每日精读 1 篇说明文（推荐《China Daily》科技版），标注段落主旨句和逻辑词。
总结常见说明文结构模板（如“问题-解决方案”“现象-原理”）。
3、解题技巧强化：
细节题：限时训练定位速度（30 秒内找到原文对应句）。
推理题：练习区分事实与观点（如原文用“may”时选项不能绝对化）。
4、批判性阅读：
阅读英文科普书籍（如《Bill Nye’s Climate change》），培养逻辑分析能力。
五、总结
“阅读理解之说明文”要求考生具备快速定位、逻辑分析和隐含推理能力。2025 年甘肃中考
可能更侧重跨学科知识和高阶思维，考生需在夯实词汇和语法的基础上，强化长难句拆解和
主旨归纳训练，通过科学备考提升得分效率！
【基础试题】
A
In early January 2025, a huge fire broke out in Los Angeles, California. The strong Santa
Ana wind made the fire spread very quickly. The fire hurt not only people’s houses but also the
environment around them.
A lot of forests and grasslands were burned. Many trees turned black, and the green grass
was gone. All those plants were important for animals. Without them, animals lost their homes
and food. Squirrels (松鼠) that lived in tree holes had to run away. Deer that ate the grass had
nothing to eat. Some small animals like mice and rabbits died in the fire.
The soil also got into big trouble. Plants usually help keep the soil in place. But after the
fire, there were no plants. When it rained, the rain washed the soil away. In some hilly places,
mudslides (泥石流) happened. They washed away roads and even pulled down some houses.
The air became dirty, too. The fire sent a lot of smoke and bad things into the air. People in
the areas near the fire had to wear masks. If someone had trouble breathing, they were in even
more danger.
All in all, the 2025 Los Angeles wildfire was a big blow for nature. It will take a very long
time for everything to get back to normal. People need to think about how to prevent this kind of
fire in the future.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．What made the wildfire in Los Angeles spread quickly in 2025
A．Rain. B．Wind. C．Earthquakes. D．Snowstorms.
2．What can we infer from the second paragraph
A．Squirrels could find new homes easily after the fire.
B．Deer started to eat other plants instead of grass.
C．The fire caused a serious loss to animals and plants.
D．Mice and rabbits became stronger after the fire.
3．Why did mudslides happen in hilly places after the fire
A．Because there were too many houses on the hills.
B．Because the rain was much heavier than before.
C．Because plants that helped keep the soil in place were burned.
D．Because people dug the soil on the hills.
4．Why did people near the fire have to wear masks
A．To protect themselves from wild animals.
B．Because the air was dirty with smoke.
C．To keep warm in cold weather.
D．To avoid getting sunburned.
5．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Wildfire in Los Angeles B．The Firefighters in Los Angeles
C．How to Prevent Wildfire in the Future D．The Changes of Los Angeles
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A
【难度】0.85
【知识点】自然灾害与防范、说明文
【导语】本文主要讲述了 2025 年洛杉矶大火对自然环境造成的严重影响，包括动植物、土
壤和空气的破坏，并呼吁人们思考如何预防此类火灾。
1．细节理解题。根据“The strong Santa Ana wind made the fire spread very quickly.”可知，火
灾快速蔓延的原因是风。故选 B。
2．推理判断题。根据“Many trees turned black, and the green grass was gone… Without them,
animals lost their homes and food…Some small animals like mice and rabbits died in the fire.”可
推知，火灾对动植物造成了严重损失。故选 C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Plants usually help keep the soil in place. But after the fire, there were no
plants. When it rained, the rain washed the soil away. In some hilly places, mudslides (泥石流)
happened.”可知，泥石流的原因是植物被烧毁。故选 C。
4．细节理解题。根据“The fire sent a lot of smoke and bad things into the air. People in the areas
near the fire had to wear masks.”可知，戴口罩的原因是空气被烟雾污染。故选 B。
5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕洛杉矶大火的生态影响展开，所以 A 项符合。故
选 A。
B
Iceland is a northern European country with amazing natural beauty and oceans around.
There are lots of volcanoes (火山). How is the life of the people here
In Iceland, there are two seasons. The short summer lasts from June to August. The long
winter starts from September and ends the next May.
Summer in Iceland is a golden season for tourists. Every year, people from all over the
world come here to see beautiful sights and enjoy the exciting whale-watching.
In winter, when people in Iceland complete their daily work, they will have a lot of special
activities to spend the long dark night. Skating, riding snow motorbikes and having parties can
really make an exciting night. After all the fun, a hot bath must be the first choice to relax. There
are also story-telling activities for children, which can teach them to be strong and kind. The most
popular stories are about Christmas in Iceland.
Food problem was always a headache for Iceland in the past. Because of a long cold winter,
Iceland has a short growing season. People had to buy most of food from other countries. Later,
when farmers learned to use lights and underground heat to grow crops (庄稼) all year round in
the greenhouse, things changed a lot.
Living in such a nice environment, most people in Iceland live a happy life. According to a
survey about happiness made each year in Europe, Iceland is always among the top 3.
1．How long does winter last in Iceland
A．About two months. B．About three months.
C．About nine months. D．About ten months.
2．Which is the best season to visit Iceland
A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter.
3．What activities do people in Iceland do in winter
①see the beautiful sights ②enjoy the exciting whale-watching ③skate
④ride snow motorbikes ⑤have parties ⑥take a hot shower ⑦tell stories
A．②③④⑤ B．②③④⑥ C．③④⑤⑥⑦ D．①②③④⑤
4．What do the farmers use to grow crops now
A．Sunlight and rich ground. B．Sunlight and underground water.
C．Underground heat. D．Lights and underground heat.
5．What’s the structure of the passage (P1= Paragraph 1; P2= Paragraph 2…)
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A
【难度】0.85
【知识点】说明文、城市
【导语】本文介绍了北欧国家冰岛，介绍了冰岛两个季节的特点及人们相应活动、过去的食
物问题及改善方式，多数人生活幸福。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The long winter starts from September and ends the next May.”可
知，从 9 月到次年 5 月，大约 9 个月，所以冬天持续约九个月。故选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Summer in Iceland is a golden season for tourists. Every year,
people from all over the world come here to see beautiful sights and enjoy the exciting
whale-watching.” 可知，夏天对游客来说是黄金季节，世界各地的人都来这里，所以游览冰
岛的最佳季节是夏天。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“In winter, when people in Iceland complete their daily work, they
will have a lot of special activities to spend the long dark night. Skating, riding snow motorbikes
and having parties can really make an exciting night. After all the fun, a hot bath must be the first
choice to relax. There are also story-telling activities for children”可知，冬天人们会滑冰、骑雪
地摩托车、举办派对、洗热水澡、给孩子们讲故事，③④⑤⑥⑦符合，①②是夏天的活动。
故选 C。
4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Later, when farmers learned to use lights and underground heat
to grow crops (庄稼) all year round in the greenhouse, things changed a lot” 可知，现在农民使用
灯光和地下热能在温室里种植庄稼。故选 D。
5．篇章结构题。文章第一段总体介绍冰岛有美丽的自然景观、很多火山以及引出这里人们
的生活情况；第二段先提及冰岛有两个季节，随后第三段和第四段分别针对夏季和冬季展开
详细描述；第五段阐述冰岛食物问题的变化；第六段总结冰岛人生活幸福。所以文章结构是
总—分—总。故选 A。
C
Many of us may have experienced the pleasant surprise of seeing recommended (推荐的)
songs after you listen to certain songs on a music app. When we open shopping websites, we are
more likely to see things on the home page that we might want to buy.
This is based on data (数据). Data is no longer only about numbers, but information from
almost every aspect of our life: our location, shopping habits and interests. All of this is called
“big data”.
China is speeding up its big data strategy (战 略 ) in order to better serve social and
economic development and improve people’s life, the Xinhua News Agency reported. There will
be greater use of big data in areas like education, social security and transportation.
The past few years have seen big data being used more often in China. The role it plays in
tourism is just one example. The data travelers share online is providing the tourism industry with
a lot of information about the country’s scenic areas. After the data is analyzed, different scenic
areas can create their own online profiles (简介) for other travelers to see.
The profiles not only show travelers’ reviews, but also tell the scenic areas which services
need to be improved,
Big data is also an important growth engine for economic development. With an annual
growth rate of 30%, sales of big data services and products in China will reach one trillion yuan
yearly by 2020, China News Service reported.
1．What is “big data”
A．Technologies and habits. B．Information from websites.
C．Numbers and information. D．Numbers on computer.
2．What does the underlined part “scenic areas” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Where travelers can visit. B．Places travelers don’t like.
C．Where travelers can stay. D．Where travelers can meet friends.
3．The writer gives the example of tourism in order to ________.
A．attract readers to travel around the country
B．show how “big data” is used in China
C．help travelers learn to use online profiles
D．explain how to create your own online profiles
4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．You can easily find the songs you like on a music app.
B．Big data can be used in more areas in the future.
C．The profiles can help to improve the services in the scenic areas.
D．Sales of big data services and products in China will increase by 30% in 2020.
5．In which section of a newspaper could you read this passage
A．Health. B．Computer. C．Family. D．Food.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．B
【难度】0.85
【知识点】说明文、信息技术
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大数据，以及大数据在中国的使用情况和未来
的发展。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Data is no longer only about numbers, but information from
almost every aspect of our life: our location, shopping habits and interests. All of this is called ‘big
data’.”可知，大数据包括数字和信息。故选 C。
2．词句猜测题。根据“The data travelers share online is providing the tourism industry with a lot
of information about the country’s scenic areas”可知，旅行者在网上分享的数据为旅游业提供
了大量信息，可推测这些信息是与游客分享的旅游地相关，所以画线部分的含义是“景区”。
故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The past few years have seen big data being used more often
in China. The role it plays in tourism is just one example.”可知，过去几年，大数据在中国的使
用越来越频繁，它在旅游业中的作用只是一个例子，所以作者以旅游业为例，展示了“大数
据”在中国的应用。故选 B。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“With an annual growth rate of 30%, sales of big data services
and products in China will reach one trillion yuan yearly by 2020”可知，以 30%的年增长率，到
2020 年，中国大数据服务和产品的销售额将达到每年一万亿元，并不是说“到 2020 年，年
增长率才达到 30%”。故选 D。
5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了大数据，以及大数据在中国的使用情况和
未来的发展，属于计算机科学范畴。故选 B。
【提升试题】
A
①You must have read or heard of the sad love story between Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu. But
can you imagine the actors sing the opera(歌剧)in English instead of speaking Chinese Jia and
Lin are two important people from the famous Chinese novel A Dream of Red Mansions written
by Cao Xueqin(1715-1763). Now the book has been made into an English-language opera. After
being put on in New York, the opera came to Beijing, Changsha and Wuhan in 2017.
②Many of the opera’s creators have backgrounds in both Chinese and American cultures,
including the director and the opera writer. Their understanding of both cultures makes it possible
for the opera to become a great success.
③For example, the book, which covers the rise and fall of the Jia family, has hundreds of
characters. But the opera writer David Henry Hwang cut down the number of characters to just
seven. Hwang, a Chinese-American, concentrated on the love story between Jia and Lin and tried
to write a heartbreaking opera that everyone would understand.
④Meanwhile, the art director Timmy Yip, from Hong Kong, tried to help foreign people
understand the characters using costumes and stage setting(舞台布景). He compared Lin to water
and gave her a light green costume. When Lin showed up on the stage, there was usually water
around her on the stage.
⑤The creators considered it to be a meaningful job to introduce a Chinese classic to
Westerners. They were happy to do something for the land where their parents were born.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
1．Where was the English-language opera A Dream of Red Mansions first put on
A．In Beijing. B．In Changsha. C．In New York. D．In Wuhan.
2．What do we know about the English-language opera A Dream of Red Mansions
A．The opera had hundreds of characters.
B．When Jia showed up in the opera, there was always water around him.
C．The opera hasn’t been put on in China yet.
D．Many of the opera’s creators have cross-country backgrounds.
3．What does the underlined phrase “concentrated on” mean in English
A．paid attention to B．had an influence on
C．got information on D．found an answer to
4．What do creators of the opera think of their job
A．Difficult. B．Boring. C．Meaningful. D．Painful.
5．Which is the right structure(结构)of this passage
A． B． C． D．
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】说明文、中华文化、电影与戏剧
【导语】本文讲述了《红楼梦》这本书已被改编成英语歌剧。
1．细节理解题。根据“After being put on in New York, the opera came to Beijing, Changsha and
Wuhan in 2017.” 可知，这部英语歌剧《红楼梦》首先在纽约上演，故选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Many of the opera’s creators have backgrounds in both Chinese and
American cultures”可知，歌剧的许多创作者都有跨文化背景，故选 D。
3．词句猜测题。根据“Hwang, a Chinese-American, concentrated on the love story between Jia
and Lin and tried to write a heartbreaking opera that everyone would understand.”可知，黄哲伦专
注于贾宝玉和林黛玉之间的爱情故事，paid attention to“关注，专注于”，与 “concentrated on”
意思相近。故选 A。
4．细节理解题。根据“The creators considered it to be a meaningful job to introduce a Chinese
classic to Westerners.”可知，创作者们认为把中国经典介绍给西方人是一项有意义的工作。故
选 C。
5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段介绍了英语歌剧《红楼梦》的背景，包括其原
著以及上演情况；第二、三、四段分别从创作者的文化背景、角色改编、舞台设计等方面介
绍了歌剧成功的原因；第五段总结了创作者对这项工作的看法。整体结构是总分总，故选 A。
B
Nowadays, everyone is talking about the metaverse (元宇宙). But what does it actually
mean What will our future be like with metaverse
The term was first coined by US author Neal Stephenson in his 1992 novel Snow Crash
(《雪崩》). In the novel, players ran away from a dystopian (反乌托邦的) reality by playing a VR
game online. In this world, they can buy goods and make their avatars (虚拟化身).
Now, with more of our time spent on Zoom or other video chat software, technology
companies have said that we need the metaverse more than ever, noted The Washington Post.
Companies have believed the metaverse in a big way. A company changed its name to
“Meta” because of its new idea to “help bring the metaverse to life”, according to its website. “3D
space in the metaverse will let you talk, study and play with people around the world,” the
company adds.
However, “what that term means hasn’t gotten any clearer”, Eric Ravenscraft wrote in
Wired magazine months after the company’s announcement. Supporters of the metaverse have
said that the present lack of clarity (清晰) is because of the fact that it’s still under research.
They said how the Internet that appeared in the 1970s is completely different to the
experience we have today. In the same way, they believe that although the metaverse is a new try
to make a 3D online interactive experience now, in the future it will become more perfect.
In short, even if the idea of metaverse is still at the beginning, it can be seen as a way to
create a more interconnected online experience.
For example,one day your classroom may even be fully online as you study in a VR school.
With the help of VR, you can even have school trips to different parts of history or even through
space in computer worlds for learning. However, although your avatar may be taking your exams,
you will still have to study for them yourself.
1．What did metaverse come from at first
A．It was a kind of game.
B．It was a kind of world view in the novel at first.
C．It was a kind of entertainment because of people’s needs.
D．It was a kind of world Neal Stephenson invented for his game.
2．Which one has the same meaning as the underlined word “coined” in Paragraph 2
A．written B．bought C．created D．printed
3．Which of the following statements about the present development of the metaverse is TRUE
A．A company has brought the metaverse to life.
B．The research of the metaverse has been perfect.
C．People have been able to travel to different parts of history and learn in computer space.
D．Now it’s just a try to experience online interaction.
4．What did Eric Ravenscraft mean by saying “what that term means hasn’t gotten any clearer ”
A．The metaverse is still in the research stage.
B．Researchers aren’t clear about metaverse’s meaning.
C．The Internet in the 1970s was completely different to the experience we have today.
D．He disagreed with the research about the metaverse.
5．What can’t we do in the metaverse
A．Have a new identity.
B．Communicate with people from all over the world.
C．Turn the things in the virtual (虚拟) world into reality.
D．Let your avatar help you do some things.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】说明文、科普知识
【导语】本文主要介绍了和元宇宙有关的信息。
1．细节理解题。根据“The term was first coined by US author Neal Stephenson in his 1992 novel
Snow Crash (《雪崩》). In the novel, players ran away from a dystopian (反乌托邦的) reality by
playing a VR game online. In this world, they can buy goods and make their avatars”可知元宇宙
一词最初由美国作家 Neal Stephenson 在其 1992 年的小说《雪崩》中提出，描述了一个虚拟
现实的世界，因此，元宇宙最初是小说中的一种世界观。故选 B。
2．词义猜测题。根据“The term was first coined by US author Neal Stephenson in his 1992 novel
Snow Crash (《雪崩》)”可知这个词最早是由美国作家 Neal Stephenson 在小说《雪崩》中创
造的，故此处划线部分意为“创造”，和 created 意义相近。故选 C。
3．推理判断题。根据“Supporters of the metaverse have said that the present lack of clarity (清晰)
is because of the fact that it’s still under research.”以及“although the metaverse is a new try to
make a 3D online interactive experience now, in the future it will become more perfect.”可知元宇
宙目前仍处于研究和尝试阶段，尚未完全成熟，即现在它只是在线互动体验的尝试。故选 D。
4．细节理解题。根据“Supporters of the metaverse have said that the present lack of clarity (清晰)
is because of the fact that it’s still under research.”可知元宇宙的定义仍然不清晰，因为其仍处
于研究阶段。故选 A。
5．细节理解题。根据“In this world, they can buy goods and make their avatars”可知在元宇宙，
可以有虚拟化身；根据“3D space in the metaverse will let you talk, study and play with people
around the world,”可知元宇宙中的 3D 空间将让你与世界各地的人交谈、学习和玩耍；根据
“although your avatar may be taking your exams, you will still have to study for them yourself.”可
知你的虚拟化身可以帮助你做一些事情。故选 C。
C
Chinese fans have many different materials, shapes and uses.
Feather fans were the earliest fans in the world, which appeared in the Shang Dynasty.
They became the most popular in the Three Kingdoms Period. Zhuge Liang always held one up,
and then others all followed him, for the fan was considered as a symbol of wisdom.
Round fans, also called moon-shaped fans, were Chinese women’s best friends. They
appeared in the West Han Dynasty, and were usually made of bamboo and white silk. They were
expensive and only rich families could afford them. In Chinese culture, the round fans are a
symbol of beauty which other fans don’t have.
The folding fans have a history of hundreds of years. But we can still see them today. They’
re convenient than the round fans. So they slowly took place of the round fans. Chinese people
like painting and writing on the folding fans, turning them into art rather than just tools.
During the Tang Dynasty, Chinese fans were introduced to Japan and became popular there.
At the beginning of the 16th century, Chinese folding fans were introduced into European
countries like Spain. At the end of the 17th century, Chinese fans were introduced to Britain.
Chinese fans are considered as an important part of Chinese culture, which help us have a
better understanding of our history.
1．The earliest fans in the world were ______.
A．feather fans B．round fans C．moon-shaped fans D．folding fans
2．Why did the folding fans take place of the round fans
A．Because they are more beautiful. B．Because they are more convenient.
C．Because they are cheaper. D．Because they are more useful.
3．When were Chinese fans introduced to Japan
A．During the Shang Dynasty. B．During the West Han Dynasty.
C．During the Tang Dynasty. D．During the Song Dynasty.
4．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5
A．Fans are important in modern China.
B．Chinese fans were popular in the world in ancient times.
C．The birth of fans in the West is as early as in China.
D．Fans are the main things in foreign trade.
5．What is the theme (主题) of the text
A．Culture. B．Health. C．Sports. D．Nature.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】传统工艺、说明文、中华文化
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国扇子的不同材料、形状和用途，以及它们在中
国文化中的重要地位。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第 2 段“Feather fans were the earliest fans in the world, which appeared
in the Shang Dynasty.”可知，世界上最早的扇子是羽毛扇，出现在商朝。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第 4 段“They’re convenient than the round fans. So they slowly took
place of the round fans.”可知，折叠扇比圆扇更方便，因此逐渐取代了圆扇。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第 5 段“During the Tang Dynasty, Chinese fans were introduced to
Japan and became popular there.”可知，中国扇子在唐朝时期传入日本并流行起来。故选 C。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章第 5 段“During the Tang Dynasty, Chinese fans were introduced to
Japan and became popular there. At the beginning of the 16th century, Chinese folding fans were
introduced into European countries like Spain. At the end of the 17th century, Chinese fans were
introduced to Britain.”可知，中国扇子在古代世界范围内流行。故选 B。
5．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Chinese fans are considered as an important part of Chinese
culture, which help us have a better understanding of our history.”可知，本文的主题是中国扇子
作为中国文化的重要组成部分。故选 A。
【拔高试题】
A
①Plants have roots, leaves, and flowers. They have seeds (种子), too. New plants grow
from seeds. Some seeds fall on the ground. New plants grow next to the old plants. When plants
grow this way, they are too crowded to get enough sunshine and water. So some of them die. But
some plants spread their seeds even far from where they live. These seeds grow in new places.
There are many ways of the seeds’ travel.
②The wind helps seeds to travel. Some plant seeds have little wings. When the wind
blows, the seeds fly away. Soon they fall to the ground and new plants may grow there. Some
plants dry up. The wind pulls them from the ground, but they are so big that they can’t fly. They
roll (滚动) along the ground, dropping off their seeds.
③Other plants grow near the water. Their seeds drop into the water and go away with it.
They may travel many miles before they stop.
④Some seeds have special parts called “stickers”. The stickers help the seeds travel far.
How These seeds wait for an animal to walk by. Then they stick into its fur to get a free ride.
Sometimes it’s a long trip. Birds carry some plant seeds to new places, too.
⑤Seeds can’t walk. They can’t run. But they can travel with the help of wind, water and
animals.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．How does the writer start to talk about the topic of plants
A．By listing numbers. B．By presenting facts.
C．By asking a question. D．By giving an example.
2．What does the underlined word “them” refer to
A．Plants. B．Wings. C．Seeds. D．Birds.
3．What role does water play in the travel of some plant seeds
A．It moves the seeds. B．It protects the seeds.
C．It warms the seeds. D．It feeds the seeds.
4．What is the main idea of the text
A．The growth of the plants. B．The kinds of the seeds.
C．The parts of the plants. D．The travel of the seeds.
5．What’s the structure of the text
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．C
【难度】0.4
【知识点】科普知识、说明文、植物
【导语】本文主要介绍种子的传播方式
1．细节理解题。根据“Plants have roots, leaves, and flowers. They have seeds (种子), too. New
plants grow from seeds. Some seeds fall on the ground. New plants grow next to the old plants.
When plants grow this way, they are too crowded to get enough sunshine and water. So some of
them die. But some plants spread their seeds even far from where they live. These seeds grow in
new places. There are many ways of the seeds’ travel.”可知，作者是通过呈现事实开始谈论植物
这个话题的。故选 B。
2．词句猜测题。根据“Some plants dry up. The wind pulls them from the ground”可知，有些植
物枯死了，风把它们从地上拉起来，此处 them 指的是“枯死的植物”。故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据“Other plants grow near the water. Their seeds drop into the water and go
away with it. They may travel many miles before they stop.”以及“Seeds can’t walk. They can’t
run. But they can travel with the help of wind, water and animals.”可知，水在一些植物种子的传
播中起着移动种子的作用。故选 A。
4．主旨大意题。根据“There are many ways of the seeds’ travel.”和“Seeds can’t walk. They can’
t run. But they can travel with the help of wind, water and animals.”以及全文可知，本文主要介
绍了种子的传播方式。故选 D。
5．篇章结构题。根据全文可知，第一段引出话题，第二到四段介绍种子的几种传播方式，
第五段总结。故选 C。
B
Fendouzhe (Striver) is a Chinese submersible (潜水器). It has finished its first international
manned deep-diving (载人深潜) scientific research task in the Pacific Ocean with the Chinese
scientific research ship—Tansuo 1. The ship returned to the city of Sanya, South China’s Hainan
Province on March 11th, 2023.
The ship started traveling from October and had travelled for 157 days. It travelled more than 22,
000 nautical miles and finished 63 successful deep dives. Four dives even exceeded a depth of 10,
000 meters and the deepest dive reached a depth of 10, 010. 9 meters into the sea. According to
Xinhua, the development of the Chinese-built Striver began in 2016 and then set a national record
by diving to a depth of 10, 909 meters in November 2020. The journey included 10 organizations
from home and abroad. Among them, there were two great people. Deng Yuqing, a Chinese
researcher, together with Kareen Schnabel, a scientist from New Zealand, became the first two
women who had reached the deepest point of the Kermadec Trench.
The team also reached the bottom of two abysses (深渊), one of which was the Diamantina
Trench in the southeastern Indian Ocean, marking the first-ever such journey in human history.
Researchers collected samples (样品) of things in the abysses like rocks and water. These samples
will provide important support for the understanding of how the lives in the abysses develop and
grow. This research survey helped us learn more about the oceans. It also showed us how
powerful China’s technology is. We all should be proud of our country.
1．When did the Tansuo 1 start to travel
A．In October 2016. B．In November 2020.
C．In October 2022. D．In March 2023.
2．What does the underlined word “exceeded” mean in Chinese
A．超过 B．发现 C．限制 D．忽略
3．What can we know about the survey
①The ship finished 63 successful dives.
② Fendouzhe dived the deepest in 2023.
③ Both men and women took part in the survey.
④ Researchers brought back rocks and water from the abysses.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④
4．What does the writer think of the scientific research survey
A．Difficult but interesting. B．Expensive and difficult.
C．Successful and helpful. D．Comfortable and meaningful.
5．In which part of a newspaper can we read the passage
A．Nature. B．Sports. C．Health. D．Science.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．D
【难度】0.4
【知识点】说明文、科学技术、科普知识
【导语】本文主要介绍了“探索一号”科考船携“奋斗者”号历时五个月完成了深潜科考任务，
旨在引导学生了解科学考查知识，探索海洋奥秘。
1．推理判断题。根据“…the Chinese scientific research ship—Tansuo 1. The ship returned to the
city of Sanya, South China’s Hainan Province on March l1th, 2023”可知“探索一号”科考船于
2023 年 3 月 11 日返回，根据“The ship started traveling from October and had travelled for 157
days.”可知它航行了 157 天，由此判断它开始旅行是在 2022 年 10 月。故选 C。
2． 词句猜测题。根据“…the deepest dive reached a depth of 10, 010. 9 meters into the sea”可知
最深的潜水深度达到了10010.9米，由此推知四次下潜深度超过了一万米，“exceeded”表示“超
过”。故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据“It travelled more than 22, 000 nautical miles and finished 63 successful
deep dives.”，“The journey included 10 organizations from home and abroad…became the first
two women who had reached the deepest point of the Kermadec Trench.”和“Researchers collected
samples (样品) of things in the abysses like rocks and water.”可知这艘船成功下潜了 63 次，男
性和女性都参加了并从深海带回了岩石和水。故选 D。
4．观点态度题。根据“It has finished its first international manned deep-diving (载人深潜)
scientific research task in the Pacific Ocean with the Chinese scientific research ship—Tansuo 1.”
可知，作者认为这次科学研究考察是成功的；根据“This research survey helped us learn more
about the oceans.”可知作者认为这次科学研究考察是有帮助的。故选 C。
5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了“探索一号”科考船携“奋斗者”号历时五个月完成了深潜科
考任务。由此可推知我们可能在报纸的科学板块读到文章。故选 D。
C
With the development of economics (经济), the problem of the left-behind children (留守儿
童) has become a serious social problem. More and more people have realized we should do
something to help them.
The biggest problem is that the children are all hungry for the love from their parents. Many
of them can just get a call or a letter from their parents half a year, a year or even several years. So
some children can’t remember what their parents look like. When they meet their own trouble,
they have no one to talk with. Nobody gives them enough care.
Because of being too far away from their parents, the left-behind children’s study is the
second biggest problem. From a survey about their study, only two percent of the children get
good results, while ten percent of them are common and eighty-eight percent of them are poor.
What a pity!
There are also many other problems of the left-behind children, such as having no ability to
protect themselves, unhealthy lifestyles, spending too much pocket money and too much time on
the Internet and so on.
In a word, to solve all the problems of the left-behind children needs the government,
families and schools to try their best together.
1．How many problems are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Four. C．More than four. D．Three.
2．Which is the most serious problem of the left-behind children according to the passage
A．They can’t get enough love from their parents.
B．They are crazy about the Internet.
C．They don’t study well.
D．They have unhealthy lifestyles.
3．Many people think ________.
A．to solve the problems of the left- behind children only needs the government
B．the parents of the left-behind children don’t care about them
C．the government and families should do their best
D．something should be done to help the left-behind children
4．Which of the following sentences is not TRUE
A．Ten percent of the left-behind children are good at study.
B．The left-behind children can’t see their parents often.
C．The left-behind children’s problem is a social problem.
D．The left-behind children have no one to talk with.
5．What is the best title of the article
A．The Left-behind Children B．Parents should help the Left-behind Children
C．How to Help the Left-behind Children D．The Problems of the Left-behind Children
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．D
【难度】0.4
【知识点】说明文、青少年问题
【导语】本文讲述的是关于留守儿童的一些问题。
1．细节理解题。根据“There are also many other problems of the left-behind children, such as
having no ability to protect themselves, unhealthy lifestyles, spending too much pocket money and
too much time on the Internet and so on.”留守儿童还有很多其他问题，比如没有能力保护自
己，不健康的生活方式，花费太多的零花钱和太多的时间上网等。可知，应该是超过 4 个。
故选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据“The biggest problem is that the children are all hungry for the love from
their parents.”可知，留守儿童最严重的问题是他们无法从父母那里得到足够的爱。故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据“More and more people have realized we should do something to help them.”
可知，许多人认为应该做些什么来帮助留守儿童。故选 D。
4．推理判断题。根据“while ten percent of them are common and eighty-eight percent of them are
poor.”其中百分之十是普通的。可知，A 选项“百分之十的留守儿童善于学习”不正确。故选
A。
5．最佳标题题。根据“With the development of economics (经济), the problem of the left-behind
children (留守儿童) has become a serious social problem.”随着经济的发展，留守儿童问题已成
为一个严重的社会问题。可知，标题应是“留守儿童问题”。故选 D。阅读理解之说明文
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
1. 说明文核心特征
客观性与逻辑性：以解释事实、阐明原理或介绍现象为主，语言简洁，逻辑清晰。
常见主题：科技发展（如 AI 应用）、环境保护（如垃圾分类）、社会现象（如人口老龄化）、
传统文化（如二十四节气）等。
2. 核心难点
学术词汇与术语：
如 biodiversity（生物多样性）、carbon emission（碳排放）、algorithm（算法）等，需结合
上下文猜测词义。
一词多义：如 current（水流/当前的）、draft（草稿/通风）。
复杂结构与逻辑关系
段落间逻辑：因果（due to）、对 比（however）、递 进（furthermore）、举 例（for example）。
长难句分析：含定语从句、状语从句、被动语态的句子（如 “The technology, which was
developed in 2020, has significantly improved efficiency.”）。
细节定位与同义替换
干扰项常使用原文词汇但替换关键信息（如将“reduce pollution”改为“increase recycling”）。
数据类题目需精确匹配数字和单位（如“30%”误为“3%”）。
推理判断题
需区分事实（文中明确提到）与观点（作者暗示或推测）。
隐含目的题：判断作者写作意图（如警示/建议/解释现象）。
二、解题步骤
1. 快速浏览，把握结构（2-3 分钟）
定位文章类型：说明文通常有清晰的结构（总分总、问题-解决、时间顺序）。
标段落主旨句：重点看首段、末段及每段首尾句，标记关键词（如 however, in addition）。
预测内容：根据标题和插图推测主题（如标题“Solar Energy”提示讨论新能源优势）。
2. 细读题目，定位原文
审题技巧：
细节题：锁定具体数据、人名、地点（如“What caused the decline in bird population ”）。
主旨题：关注首尾段及重复出现的词汇。
推理题：寻找逻辑信号词（because, therefore）。
定位方法：利用题干关键词（专有名词、数字）快速扫描原文对应段落。
3. 对比选项与原文
正确选项特征：
同义替换（如原文“mitigate pollution” → 选项“reduce environmental damage”）。
符合逻辑推断（如原文“studies show...” → 选项“research supports this theory”）。
错误选项特征：
无中生有：文中未提及或过度延伸（如原文说“may help”但选项改为“definitely cures”）。
偷换概念：替换关键修饰词（如“renewable energy”误为“fossil fuels”）。
4. 特殊题型处理
数据题：核对数字、百分比、时间点（如原文“20% decrease” ≠ 选项“increased by 20%”）。
结构题：判断段落功能（如举例段支持论点，过渡段衔接上下文）。
示例：
原文：The Great Wall was originally built to defend against invasions, but today it serves as a
cultural symbol and tourist attraction.
题目：The main purpose of the Great Wall now is to attract tourists.
答案：True（原文明确提到“today it serves as... tourist attraction”）。
三、预测分析
1、选材方向
科技与生活：AI 在医疗/教育中的应用、智能家居、5G 技术。
生态保护：气候变化（global warming）、濒危物种保护、可再生能源（solar/wind power）。
传统文化创新：非遗技艺（如剪纸、皮影戏）的现代传承。
社会热点：青少年心理健康、远程办公/学习的利弊。
2、命题趋势
跨学科融合：结合地理（如“沙漠化治理”）、生物（如“基因编辑”）等知识。
3、高阶思维考查：
隐含观点：推断作者对争议性话题的态度（支持/反对）。
作者意图：判断写作目的（说服读者采取行动/解释复杂现象）。
多模态文本：图文结合（如流程图、数据表与文字匹配）。
4、难度提升点
抽象概念解析：需理解专业术语在语境中的含义（如“algorithm”在 AI 中的角色）。
长难句密集：复合句嵌套逻辑关系（如条件状语从句+定语从句）。
干扰项迷惑性增强：使用原文词汇但逻辑错误（如颠倒因果关系）。
四、备考建议
1、词汇积累：
整理说明文高频词汇（科技、环保类），结合例句记忆（如 “recyclable materials”）。
熟记一词多义词（如“yield”可指“产量”或“屈服”）。
2、结构化训练：
每日精读 1 篇说明文（推荐《China Daily》科技版），标注段落主旨句和逻辑词。
总结常见说明文结构模板（如“问题-解决方案”“现象-原理”）。
3、解题技巧强化：
细节题：限时训练定位速度（30 秒内找到原文对应句）。
推理题：练习区分事实与观点（如原文用“may”时选项不能绝对化）。
4、批判性阅读：
阅读英文科普书籍（如《Bill Nye’s Climate change》），培养逻辑分析能力。
五、总结
“阅读理解之说明文”要求考生具备快速定位、逻辑分析和隐含推理能力。2025 年甘肃中考
可能更侧重跨学科知识和高阶思维，考生需在夯实词汇和语法的基础上，强化长难句拆解和
主旨归纳训练，通过科学备考提升得分效率！
【基础试题】
A
In early January 2025, a huge fire broke out in Los Angeles, California. The strong Santa
Ana wind made the fire spread very quickly. The fire hurt not only people’s houses but also the
environment around them.
A lot of forests and grasslands were burned. Many trees turned black, and the green grass
was gone. All those plants were important for animals. Without them, animals lost their homes
and food. Squirrels (松鼠) that lived in tree holes had to run away. Deer that ate the grass had
nothing to eat. Some small animals like mice and rabbits died in the fire.
The soil also got into big trouble. Plants usually help keep the soil in place. But after the
fire, there were no plants. When it rained, the rain washed the soil away. In some hilly places,
mudslides (泥石流) happened. They washed away roads and even pulled down some houses.
The air became dirty, too. The fire sent a lot of smoke and bad things into the air. People in
the areas near the fire had to wear masks. If someone had trouble breathing, they were in even
more danger.
All in all, the 2025 Los Angeles wildfire was a big blow for nature. It will take a very long
time for everything to get back to normal. People need to think about how to prevent this kind of
fire in the future.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．What made the wildfire in Los Angeles spread quickly in 2025
A．Rain. B．Wind. C．Earthquakes. D．Snowstorms.
2．What can we infer from the second paragraph
A．Squirrels could find new homes easily after the fire.
B．Deer started to eat other plants instead of grass.
C．The fire caused a serious loss to animals and plants.
D．Mice and rabbits became stronger after the fire.
3．Why did mudslides happen in hilly places after the fire
A．Because there were too many houses on the hills.
B．Because the rain was much heavier than before.
C．Because plants that helped keep the soil in place were burned.
D．Because people dug the soil on the hills.
4．Why did people near the fire have to wear masks
A．To protect themselves from wild animals.
B．Because the air was dirty with smoke.
C．To keep warm in cold weather.
D．To avoid getting sunburned.
5．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Wildfire in Los Angeles B．The Firefighters in Los Angeles
C．How to Prevent Wildfire in the Future D．The Changes of Los Angeles
B
Iceland is a northern European country with amazing natural beauty and oceans around.
There are lots of volcanoes (火山). How is the life of the people here
In Iceland, there are two seasons. The short summer lasts from June to August. The long
winter starts from September and ends the next May.
Summer in Iceland is a golden season for tourists. Every year, people from all over the
world come here to see beautiful sights and enjoy the exciting whale-watching.
In winter, when people in Iceland complete their daily work, they will have a lot of special
activities to spend the long dark night. Skating, riding snow motorbikes and having parties can
really make an exciting night. After all the fun, a hot bath must be the first choice to relax. There
are also story-telling activities for children, which can teach them to be strong and kind. The most
popular stories are about Christmas in Iceland.
Food problem was always a headache for Iceland in the past. Because of a long cold winter,
Iceland has a short growing season. People had to buy most of food from other countries. Later,
when farmers learned to use lights and underground heat to grow crops (庄稼) all year round in
the greenhouse, things changed a lot.
Living in such a nice environment, most people in Iceland live a happy life. According to a
survey about happiness made each year in Europe, Iceland is always among the top 3.
1．How long does winter last in Iceland
A．About two months. B．About three months.
C．About nine months. D．About ten months.
2．Which is the best season to visit Iceland
A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter.
3．What activities do people in Iceland do in winter
①see the beautiful sights ②enjoy the exciting whale-watching ③skate
④ride snow motorbikes ⑤have parties ⑥take a hot shower ⑦tell stories
A．②③④⑤ B．②③④⑥ C．③④⑤⑥⑦ D．①②③④⑤
4．What do the farmers use to grow crops now
A．Sunlight and rich ground. B．Sunlight and underground water.
C．Underground heat. D．Lights and underground heat.
5．What’s the structure of the passage (P1= Paragraph 1; P2= Paragraph 2…)
A． B．
C． D．
C
Many of us may have experienced the pleasant surprise of seeing recommended (推荐的)
songs after you listen to certain songs on a music app. When we open shopping websites, we are
more likely to see things on the home page that we might want to buy.
This is based on data (数据). Data is no longer only about numbers, but information from
almost every aspect of our life: our location, shopping habits and interests. All of this is called
“big data”.
China is speeding up its big data strategy (战 略 ) in order to better serve social and
economic development and improve people’s life, the Xinhua News Agency reported. There will
be greater use of big data in areas like education, social security and transportation.
The past few years have seen big data being used more often in China. The role it plays in
tourism is just one example. The data travelers share online is providing the tourism industry with
a lot of information about the country’s scenic areas. After the data is analyzed, different scenic
areas can create their own online profiles (简介) for other travelers to see.
The profiles not only show travelers’ reviews, but also tell the scenic areas which services
need to be improved,
Big data is also an important growth engine for economic development. With an annual
growth rate of 30%, sales of big data services and products in China will reach one trillion yuan
yearly by 2020, China News Service reported.
1．What is “big data”
A．Technologies and habits. B．Information from websites.
C．Numbers and information. D．Numbers on computer.
2．What does the underlined part “scenic areas” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Where travelers can visit. B．Places travelers don’t like.
C．Where travelers can stay. D．Where travelers can meet friends.
3．The writer gives the example of tourism in order to ________.
A．attract readers to travel around the country
B．show how “big data” is used in China
C．help travelers learn to use online profiles
D．explain how to create your own online profiles
4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．You can easily find the songs you like on a music app.
B．Big data can be used in more areas in the future.
C．The profiles can help to improve the services in the scenic areas.
D．Sales of big data services and products in China will increase by 30% in 2020.
5．In which section of a newspaper could you read this passage
A．Health. B．Computer. C．Family. D．Food.
【提升试题】
A
①You must have read or heard of the sad love story between Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu. But
can you imagine the actors sing the opera(歌剧)in English instead of speaking Chinese Jia and
Lin are two important people from the famous Chinese novel A Dream of Red Mansions written
by Cao Xueqin(1715-1763). Now the book has been made into an English-language opera. After
being put on in New York, the opera came to Beijing, Changsha and Wuhan in 2017.
②Many of the opera’s creators have backgrounds in both Chinese and American cultures,
including the director and the opera writer. Their understanding of both cultures makes it possible
for the opera to become a great success.
③For example, the book, which covers the rise and fall of the Jia family, has hundreds of
characters. But the opera writer David Henry Hwang cut down the number of characters to just
seven. Hwang, a Chinese-American, concentrated on the love story between Jia and Lin and tried
to write a heartbreaking opera that everyone would understand.
④Meanwhile, the art director Timmy Yip, from Hong Kong, tried to help foreign people
understand the characters using costumes and stage setting(舞台布景). He compared Lin to water
and gave her a light green costume. When Lin showed up on the stage, there was usually water
around her on the stage.
⑤The creators considered it to be a meaningful job to introduce a Chinese classic to
Westerners. They were happy to do something for the land where their parents were born.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
1．Where was the English-language opera A Dream of Red Mansions first put on
A．In Beijing. B．In Changsha. C．In New York. D．In Wuhan.
2．What do we know about the English-language opera A Dream of Red Mansions
A．The opera had hundreds of characters.
B．When Jia showed up in the opera, there was always water around him.
C．The opera hasn’t been put on in China yet.
D．Many of the opera’s creators have cross-country backgrounds.
3．What does the underlined phrase “concentrated on” mean in English
A．paid attention to B．had an influence on
C．got information on D．found an answer to
4．What do creators of the opera think of their job
A．Difficult. B．Boring. C．Meaningful. D．Painful.
5．Which is the right structure(结构)of this passage
A． B． C． D．
B
Nowadays, everyone is talking about the metaverse (元宇宙). But what does it actually
mean What will our future be like with metaverse
The term was first coined by US author Neal Stephenson in his 1992 novel Snow Crash
(《雪崩》). In the novel, players ran away from a dystopian (反乌托邦的) reality by playing a VR
game online. In this world, they can buy goods and make their avatars (虚拟化身).
Now, with more of our time spent on Zoom or other video chat software, technology
companies have said that we need the metaverse more than ever, noted The Washington Post.
Companies have believed the metaverse in a big way. A company changed its name to
“Meta” because of its new idea to “help bring the metaverse to life”, according to its website. “3D
space in the metaverse will let you talk, study and play with people around the world,” the
company adds.
However, “what that term means hasn’t gotten any clearer”, Eric Ravenscraft wrote in
Wired magazine months after the company’s announcement. Supporters of the metaverse have
said that the present lack of clarity (清晰) is because of the fact that it’s still under research.
They said how the Internet that appeared in the 1970s is completely different to the
experience we have today. In the same way, they believe that although the metaverse is a new try
to make a 3D online interactive experience now, in the future it will become more perfect.
In short, even if the idea of metaverse is still at the beginning, it can be seen as a way to
create a more interconnected online experience.
For example,one day your classroom may even be fully online as you study in a VR school.
With the help of VR, you can even have school trips to different parts of history or even through
space in computer worlds for learning. However, although your avatar may be taking your exams,
you will still have to study for them yourself.
1．What did metaverse come from at first
A．It was a kind of game.
B．It was a kind of world view in the novel at first.
C．It was a kind of entertainment because of people’s needs.
D．It was a kind of world Neal Stephenson invented for his game.
2．Which one has the same meaning as the underlined word “coined” in Paragraph 2
A．written B．bought C．created D．printed
3．Which of the following statements about the present development of the metaverse is TRUE
A．A company has brought the metaverse to life.
B．The research of the metaverse has been perfect.
C．People have been able to travel to different parts of history and learn in computer space.
D．Now it’s just a try to experience online interaction.
4．What did Eric Ravenscraft mean by saying “what that term means hasn’t gotten any clearer ”
A．The metaverse is still in the research stage.
B．Researchers aren’t clear about metaverse’s meaning.
C．The Internet in the 1970s was completely different to the experience we have today.
D．He disagreed with the research about the metaverse.
5．What can’t we do in the metaverse
A．Have a new identity.
B．Communicate with people from all over the world.
C．Turn the things in the virtual (虚拟) world into reality.
D．Let your avatar help you do some things.
C
Chinese fans have many different materials, shapes and uses.
Feather fans were the earliest fans in the world, which appeared in the Shang Dynasty.
They became the most popular in the Three Kingdoms Period. Zhuge Liang always held one up,
and then others all followed him, for the fan was considered as a symbol of wisdom.
Round fans, also called moon-shaped fans, were Chinese women’s best friends. They
appeared in the West Han Dynasty, and were usually made of bamboo and white silk. They were
expensive and only rich families could afford them. In Chinese culture, the round fans are a
symbol of beauty which other fans don’t have.
The folding fans have a history of hundreds of years. But we can still see them today. They’
re convenient than the round fans. So they slowly took place of the round fans. Chinese people
like painting and writing on the folding fans, turning them into art rather than just tools.
During the Tang Dynasty, Chinese fans were introduced to Japan and became popular there.
At the beginning of the 16th century, Chinese folding fans were introduced into European
countries like Spain. At the end of the 17th century, Chinese fans were introduced to Britain.
Chinese fans are considered as an important part of Chinese culture, which help us have a
better understanding of our history.
1．The earliest fans in the world were ______.
A．feather fans B．round fans C．moon-shaped fans D．folding fans
2．Why did the folding fans take place of the round fans
A．Because they are more beautiful. B．Because they are more convenient.
C．Because they are cheaper. D．Because they are more useful.
3．When were Chinese fans introduced to Japan
A．During the Shang Dynasty. B．During the West Han Dynasty.
C．During the Tang Dynasty. D．During the Song Dynasty.
4．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5
A．Fans are important in modern China.
B．Chinese fans were popular in the world in ancient times.
C．The birth of fans in the West is as early as in China.
D．Fans are the main things in foreign trade.
5．What is the theme (主题) of the text
A．Culture. B．Health. C．Sports. D．Nature.
【拔高试题】
A
①Plants have roots, leaves, and flowers. They have seeds (种子), too. New plants grow
from seeds. Some seeds fall on the ground. New plants grow next to the old plants. When plants
grow this way, they are too crowded to get enough sunshine and water. So some of them die. But
some plants spread their seeds even far from where they live. These seeds grow in new places.
There are many ways of the seeds’ travel.
②The wind helps seeds to travel. Some plant seeds have little wings. When the wind
blows, the seeds fly away. Soon they fall to the ground and new plants may grow there. Some
plants dry up. The wind pulls them from the ground, but they are so big that they can’t fly. They
roll (滚动) along the ground, dropping off their seeds.
③Other plants grow near the water. Their seeds drop into the water and go away with it.
They may travel many miles before they stop.
④Some seeds have special parts called “stickers”. The stickers help the seeds travel far.
How These seeds wait for an animal to walk by. Then they stick into its fur to get a free ride.
Sometimes it’s a long trip. Birds carry some plant seeds to new places, too.
⑤Seeds can’t walk. They can’t run. But they can travel with the help of wind, water and
animals.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．How does the writer start to talk about the topic of plants
A．By listing numbers. B．By presenting facts.
C．By asking a question. D．By giving an example.
2．What does the underlined word “them” refer to
A．Plants. B．Wings. C．Seeds. D．Birds.
3．What role does water play in the travel of some plant seeds
A．It moves the seeds. B．It protects the seeds.
C．It warms the seeds. D．It feeds the seeds.
4．What is the main idea of the text
A．The growth of the plants. B．The kinds of the seeds.
C．The parts of the plants. D．The travel of the seeds.
5．What’s the structure of the text
A． B．
C． D．
B
Fendouzhe (Striver) is a Chinese submersible (潜水器). It has finished its first international
manned deep-diving (载人深潜) scientific research task in the Pacific Ocean with the Chinese
scientific research ship—Tansuo 1. The ship returned to the city of Sanya, South China’s Hainan
Province on March 11th, 2023.
The ship started traveling from October and had travelled for 157 days. It travelled more than 22,
000 nautical miles and finished 63 successful deep dives. Four dives even exceeded a depth of 10,
000 meters and the deepest dive reached a depth of 10, 010. 9 meters into the sea. According to
Xinhua, the development of the Chinese-built Striver began in 2016 and then set a national record
by diving to a depth of 10, 909 meters in November 2020. The journey included 10 organizations
from home and abroad. Among them, there were two great people. Deng Yuqing, a Chinese
researcher, together with Kareen Schnabel, a scientist from New Zealand, became the first two
women who had reached the deepest point of the Kermadec Trench.
The team also reached the bottom of two abysses (深渊), one of which was the Diamantina
Trench in the southeastern Indian Ocean, marking the first-ever such journey in human history.
Researchers collected samples (样品) of things in the abysses like rocks and water. These samples
will provide important support for the understanding of how the lives in the abysses develop and
grow. This research survey helped us learn more about the oceans. It also showed us how
powerful China’s technology is. We all should be proud of our country.
1．When did the Tansuo 1 start to travel
A．In October 2016. B．In November 2020.
C．In October 2022. D．In March 2023.
2．What does the underlined word “exceeded” mean in Chinese
A．超过 B．发现 C．限制 D．忽略
3．What can we know about the survey
①The ship finished 63 successful dives.
② Fendouzhe dived the deepest in 2023.
③ Both men and women took part in the survey.
④ Researchers brought back rocks and water from the abysses.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④
4．What does the writer think of the scientific research survey
A．Difficult but interesting. B．Expensive and difficult.
C．Successful and helpful. D．Comfortable and meaningful.
5．In which part of a newspaper can we read the passage
A．Nature. B．Sports. C．Health. D．Science.
C
With the development of economics (经济), the problem of the left-behind children (留守儿
童) has become a serious social problem. More and more people have realized we should do
something to help them.
The biggest problem is that the children are all hungry for the love from their parents. Many
of them can just get a call or a letter from their parents half a year, a year or even several years. So
some children can’t remember what their parents look like. When they meet their own trouble,
they have no one to talk with. Nobody gives them enough care.
Because of being too far away from their parents, the left-behind children’s study is the
second biggest problem. From a survey about their study, only two percent of the children get
good results, while ten percent of them are common and eighty-eight percent of them are poor.
What a pity!
There are also many other problems of the left-behind children, such as having no ability to
protect themselves, unhealthy lifestyles, spending too much pocket money and too much time on
the Internet and so on.
In a word, to solve all the problems of the left-behind children needs the government,
families and schools to try their best together.
1．How many problems are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Four. C．More than four. D．Three.
2．Which is the most serious problem of the left-behind children according to the passage
A．They can’t get enough love from their parents.
B．They are crazy about the Internet.
C．They don’t study well.
D．They have unhealthy lifestyles.
3．Many people think ________.
A．to solve the problems of the left- behind children only needs the government
B．the parents of the left-behind children don’t care about them
C．the government and families should do their best
D．something should be done to help the left-behind children
4．Which of the following sentences is not TRUE
A．Ten percent of the left-behind children are good at study.
B．The left-behind children can’t see their parents often.
C．The left-behind children’s problem is a social problem.
D．The left-behind children have no one to talk with.
5．What is the best title of the article
A．The Left-behind Children B．Parents should help the Left-behind Children
C．How to Help the Left-behind Children D．The Problems of the Left-behind Children
