Unit 3 Animals Are Our Friends_八年级下册英语冀教版（2024）期末四步复习法

Unit 3 Animals Are Our Friends—八年级下册英语冀教版（2024）期末四步复习法
一、学习目标整合
语言能力 能听懂发音清晰、语速较慢的简短口头表达，获取关键信息；积累日常生活中常用的习惯用语和交流信息的基本表达方式；积累常用的词语搭配。
文化意识 能初步了解英语的语用特征，选择恰当的交际策略；能意识到错误并进行适当的纠正。能理解与感悟中外优秀文化的内涵。
思维品质 能发现语篇中事件的发展和变化，辨识信息之间的相关性，把握语篇的整体意义；能辨识语篇中的衔接手段，判断句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系。
学习能力 对英语学习有持续的兴趣和较为明确的学习需求与目标；有积极主动的学习态度和较强的自信心。
二、思维导图回顾知识
三、重难知识易混易错
一、重点词汇
1. avoid(v.避开；躲避)
意义解释：指设法不接近、防止某事发生或避开某人 / 物。
例句用法：We should avoid making the same mistakes.(我们应该避免犯同样的错误)
She avoided him because of their quarrel.(因为吵架，她避开了他)
易错点分析："avoid"后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不能接不定式。例如可以说"avoid doing sth."，但不能说"avoid to do sth."。
2. be afraid of(害怕)
意义解释：用来表达对某人、某物或做某事感到恐惧、担忧。
例句用法：The little girl is afraid of dogs.(这个小女孩害怕狗)
I'm afraid of speaking in public.(我害怕在公众场合发言)
易错点分析：注意"be afraid of"后接名词、代词或动名词。另外，不要和"be afraid to do sth."混淆，"be afraid to do sth."侧重于因害怕而不敢去做某事，如"He is afraid to go out at night.(他晚上不敢出去)"；"be afraid of doing sth."侧重于害怕某事发生。
3. play with(和……一起玩；拿……来玩)
意义解释：表示与某人一起进行娱乐活动，或摆弄、玩弄某物。
例句用法：Children like to play with toys.(孩子们喜欢玩玩具)
He often plays with his friends after school.(他放学后经常和朋友们一起玩)
易错点分析：注意"play with"在不同语境下的含义，当表示"和……一起玩"时，后接人；当表示"拿……来玩"时，后接物。同时，不要和"play + 球类 / 棋类"混淆，如"play basketball(打篮球)"，中间不需要"with"。
二、重点语法
1. 主将从现
(1)定义
在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主从复合句中，主句时态为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；在时间状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
(2)常见时间状语从句连词
as soon as; when; while; as; until 等
(3)规则
时间状语从句的主句是一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时。
例句：I will call you as soon as I arrive.(我一到就给你打电话)
如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时。
例句：You must be quiet when you are in the library.(在图书馆时你必须保持安静)
如果 if 的条件状语从句遇到变换间接和直接引语时，祈使句应用 not to。
例句："If you come, don't be late," he said. (他说："如果你来，别迟到。")
2. 复合不定代词
(1)构成
something, somebody, someone; anything, anybody, anyone; nothing, nobody, no one; everything, everybody, everyone 等
(2)用法
作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语；something, someone 等用于肯定句，anything, anyone 等用于否定句、疑问句或条件句。
例句：I have something important to tell you.(我有重要的事告诉你)
Do you have anything to say (你有什么要说的吗？)
受定语修饰时，定语放在后面。
例句：There is nothing interesting in this book.(这本书里没什么有趣的内容)
指人作主语，谓语动词用单数，相应人称代词和物主代词也用单数(非正式文体常用复数)。
例句：Everyone is here, aren't they (大家都在这儿，不是吗？)
指物作主语，谓语动词用单数，人称代词用 it。
例句：Everything goes well.(一切顺利)
anyone, everyone 等只能指人，不指物，后一般不接 of 短语；指物或接 of 短语用 any one, every one。
例句：any one of the pictures(这些画中的任何一幅)
every one of the students(每一个学生)
练习
We should ____ (保护) the environment.
Don't ____ (害怕) of making mistakes.
He is on a ____ (度假) in the mountains.
The price of the house has ____ (下降) a lot recently.
Let's ____ (交朋友) with our new classmates.
The old man ____ (死于) a car accident last year.
____ (小心)! There is a car coming.
We should ____ (照顾) our parents when they are old.
答案
答案：protect
解析："保护"对应的英文单词是"protect"，"should"是情态动词，后面接动词原形，所以这里填"protect"。
答案：be afraid
解析："害怕"对应的英文短语是"be afraid of"，"Don't"后接动词原形，构成祈使句的否定形式，所以这里填"be afraid"。
答案：vacation
解析："度假"对应的英文短语是"on a vacation"，所以这里填"vacation"。
答案：dropped
解析："下降"对应的英文单词是"drop"，根据"has"和"recently"可知句子用现在完成时，"drop"的过去分词是"dropped"，所以这里填"dropped"。
答案：make friends
解析："交朋友"对应的英文短语是"make friends"，"Let's"后接动词原形，所以这里填"make friends"。
答案：died from
解析："死于"对应的英文短语是"die from"，根据"last year"可知句子时态是一般过去时，"die"的过去式是"died"，所以这里填"died from"。
答案：Look out
解析："小心"对应的英文短语是"look out"，放在句首，首字母大写，所以这里填"Look out"。
答案：look after
解析："照顾"对应的英文短语是"look after"，"should"是情态动词，后面接动词原形，所以这里填"look after"。
四、核心素养对接中考
一、阅读理解
The Australian Koala Foundation says Australia has lost about 30 percent of its koalas over the past three years. The number of koalas is getting so small because of the loss of living space, and being killed by cars, as well as dying from illness. The Foundation says droughts, wildfires and development projects also played a part in the drop in the koala population. They are calling on the government to do more to protect the environment.
The group says the koala population has dropped to less than 58,000 this year from more than 80,000 in 2018. The state of New South Wales, where the numbers have dropped by 41 percent, lost more koalas than other places.
Deborah Tabart, leader of the Australian Koala Foundation, said only one area in the study was thought to have more than 5,000 koalas. Some areas were believed to have as few as 5 or 10. Tabart said the country needs a koala protection law. She added, "What we're worried about is places like western New South Wales. The drought over the last ten years has just had this result—rivers were nearly dry for years. As a result, river red gum plants, which are the lifeblood of koalas, died."
The loss in New South Wales became more serious after large forest areas were destroyed by wildfires in late 2019 and early 2020. And some of those areas already had no koalas.
Land clearing by road builders has also destroyed the koala's environment. "I think everyone gets it, we've got to change. But if those machines keep working, then I really fear for the koalas," Tabart said.
1.The state of New South Wales has lost ___________ of its koala population this year.
A. about 30% B. about 40% C. about 50% D. about 60%
2.Which of the following disasters happened first in the state of New South Wales
A. Drought. B. Flood. C. Wildfires. D. Earthquakes.
3.The reporter tells us about the fact of the koalas in Australia mainly by ___________.
A. showing some pictures B. listing some numbers
C. playing some videos D. using other reports
4.What does this passage mainly talk about
A. How Australian Koala Foundation works.
B. Why the number of koalas is getting smaller.
C. What action people should take to protect koalas.
D. What the numbers of koalas in different states are.
二、情景交际
A: Look! This is a picture of my dog. Here.
B: ① ______
A: I know. He weighs fifty-one kilos,
B: Really That's amazing. ②______
A: He's called Max.
B: ③______
A: Five years. I got him when we moved out of the city. ④______
B: Wow! Then Max has more space.
A: He's very friendly. He always jumps on you when you come home.
B: Woah! Scary!
A: ⑤______ I mean, he plays very well with our cat, Kira. He runs after her around.
A. He's huge!
B. And he's very funny too.
C. We have a big house now.
D. He likes lying under the tree.
E. What's his name
F. When did you buy him
G. How long have you had him
答案
一、阅读理解
1.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据"The state of New South Wales, where the numbers have dropped by 41 percent, lost more koalas than other places."可知，新南威尔士州的考拉数量减少了约40%。故选B。
2.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据"The drought over the last ten years has just had this result—rivers were nearly dry for years. As a result, river red gum plants, which are the lifeblood of koalas, died."可知，干旱发生在十多年前。又根据"The loss in New South Wales became more serious after large forest areas were destroyed by wildfires in late 2019 and early 2020."可知，野火发生在2019年末，2020年初。洪水和地震文章没有提到，因此首先发生在新南威尔士州的是干旱。故选A。
3.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据"The group says the koala population has dropped to less than 58,000 this year from more than 80,000 in 2018."以及"said only one area in the study was thought to have more than 5,000 koalas. Some areas were believed to have as few as 5 or 10."可知，文章用具体的数字来说明考拉数量的变化。故选B。
4.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了澳大利亚考拉数目逐渐减少，是由于生存环境的失去和人为的破坏等原因。故选B。
二、情景交际
答案：①-⑤ AEGCB
解析：
①A 说这是自己狗的照片，后面又提到狗重 51 公斤，所以 B 此处应是对狗体型的惊叹，A 选项 "He's huge!(它好大！)" 符合语境，故选 A。
②根据答语 "He's called Max.(它叫 Max。)" 可知，B 是在询问狗的名字，E 选项 "What's his name (它叫什么名字？)" 符合，故选 E。
③根据答语 "Five years.(五年。)" 可知，B 是在询问关于狗的时间相关问题，G 选项 "How long have you had him (你养它多久了？)" 符合，故选 G。
④前面说从城市搬出来，后面说 Max 有更多空间，C 选项 "We have a big house now.(我们现在有一个大房子。)" 能很好地衔接，解释了有更多空间的原因，故选 C。
⑤前面说狗很友好，后面提到狗和猫玩得很好，B 选项 "And he's very funny too.(而且它也很有趣。)" 能承上启下，进一步描述狗的特点，故选 B。