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题型过关第1讲 语法填空
初中英语语法填空解题技巧
一、题型分类与解题思路
1、有提示词类（动词、名词、形容词等）
动词：
谓语动词：判断时态（如一般现在时、过去时、进行时、完成时）、语态（主动 / 被动）。
例：He played (play) football yesterday.（过去时）；The book is read (read) by many students.（被动语态）。
非谓语动词：根据功能选不定式（to do，表目的 / 将来）、动名词（doing，表主动 / 习惯）、过去分词（done，表被动 / 完成）。
例：I want to go (go) there.（不定式作宾语）；The girl singing (sing) now is my sister.（现在分词作定语，主动）。
名词：注意单复数、所有格。
例：These children's (child) toys are new.（复数所有格）。
形容词 / 副词：
形容词修饰名词（定语 / 表语），副词修饰动词 / 形容词 / 句子（状语）。
例：She is a careful (care) student.（形容词作定语）；He runs carefully (careful).（副词作状语）。
比较级 / 最高级：根据语境（than，the + 范围词）判断。
例：Tom is taller (tall) than Jim；She is the tallest (tall) in our class.
数词：区分基数词（表数量）和序数词（表顺序，前加 the）。
例：I live on the fifth (five) floor.
2、无提示词类（冠词、介词、代词、连词等）
冠词：a/an（泛指，元音前用 an）；the（特指，如上文提到的事物、最高级前等）。
例：A boy is waiting for you；The sun is big.
介词：固定搭配（如 look at，in front of）或表时间 / 地点 / 方式。
例：He goes to school by bike；I was born in 2008.
代词：人称代词（主格 / 宾格，如 I/me）、物主代词（my/mine）、反身代词（myself）、不定代词（some/any）。
例：This book is mine (my)；Someone (some) is knocking.
连词：
并列连词（and/or/but/so，连接并列成分）；从属连词（that/if/when/because，引导从句）。
例：I like English and math；When I got home, mom was cooking.
二、解题步骤
通读全文，理解语境：把握时态、主题，为填空提供背景。
分析句子结构：
确定成分（主谓宾等），判断词类（如名词前缺定语→填形容词 / 代词 / 冠词）。
复合句中分析从句类型（定语 / 宾语 / 状语从句），选引导词（如先行词指人用 who，指物用 which）。
结合语法规则填空：
有提示词：按词类变化规则变形（如动词时态、名词复数）。
无提示词：依赖固定搭配（如 take care of）、语法知识（如冠词用法、连词逻辑）。
检查验证：确保语法正确（时态、主谓一致）、语义通顺。
三、常见考点技巧
固定搭配：
动词短语（look forward to doing，take care of）；介词短语（in fact，on time）。
例：She looks forward to visiting (visit) Beijing；In fact, he is kind.
主谓一致：
第三人称单数（he→likes）；复数主语（they→play）。
例：He likes (like) reading；They play (play) daily.
从句引导词：
定语从句：先行词指人用 who（如：The boy who is tall is my friend）。
宾语从句：陈述语序（如：I know what he wants）。
词性转换：
形容词变副词（careful→carefully）；名词变形容词（sun→sunny）。
例：He speaks fluently (fluent)；It's a sunny (sun) day.
Dear Amber,
Is everything going well I moved to 1 new city last month, and I miss you so much. I would like 2 (tell) you something about my life here. I am so 3 (luck) to live here now. There are many beautiful trees all around. And I always like to take 4 (photo) of the trees. I like their beautiful colors and shapes. I hope I can become an 5 (art) like my brother. My classmates are all nice and kind to me. Next Friday, it will be my 6 (twelve) birthday. Now my new friends 7 (prepare) a party for me! I feel so 8 (surprise) and touched (感动的). I am looking forward to 9 (have) it now. I am happy here. And I 10 (visit) you in the summer holiday.
Hope to see you soon.
Kate
【答案】
1．a 2．to tell 3．lucky 4．photos 5．artist 6．twelfth 7．are preparing 8．surprised 9．having 10．will visit
【导语】本文是一封书信，主要是Kate描述了她的搬迁近况、新生活、生日准备及未来计划。
1．句意：我上个月搬到了一个新城市，我很想念你。根据“...new city last month.”可知，空处指 “一个新城市”，需不定冠词，new是以辅音音素开头，需冠词a修饰。故填a。
2．句意：我想告诉你关于我在这里的生活。would like to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，故空处需动词不定式。故填to tell。
3．句意：我现在住在这里很幸运。be动词需形容词作表语，luck“运气”的形容词为lucky，意为“幸运的”。故填lucky。
4．句意：并且我总是喜欢给树拍照。take photos“拍照”，为固定短语，photo用复数形式表泛指。故填photos。
5．句意：我希望成为像我哥哥一样的艺术家。冠词an后跟元音开头的单数名词，art“艺术”对应的职业为artist“艺术家”。故填artist。
6．句意：下周五是我第十二个生日。根据“my... birthday”可知，空处指“第十二个”，需序数词twelfth。故填twelfth。
7．句意：现在我的新朋友们正在为我准备派对。根据“Now”可知，时态为现在进行时，其结构为be doing，主语为名词复数，be动词用are，prepare的现在分词为preparing。故填are preparing。
8．句意：我感到非常惊喜和感动。感官动词feel后跟形容词，主语为I，需形容词surprised“吃惊的”。故填surprised。
9．句意：我现在就期待举办派对了。look forward to doing意为“期待做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词。故填having。
10．句意：并且我将在暑假拜访你。根据“in the summer holiday.”可知，本句时态为一般将来时，其结构为will do，故填will visit。
阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。
Dear parents,
I’m living in my host family (寄宿家庭) in London these days. And I 11 (write) to you in Jim’s study now. The flat is small but very 12 (beauty). I have a bedroom of 13 (I) own. I share a study with Jim when I need to do some 14 (read). The kitchen is so big. Sometimes I help Mrs Green prepare meals 15 the family. There 16 (be) a lot of food and drinks in a large fridge.
There is a great bathroom in 17 flat. It has warm water 24 hours the whole day. I like taking showers in it before sleeping. The 18 (live) room is very big. And every day, the Green family and I enjoy 19 (sit) on the sofa and talking with each other. It is great fun.
Life here is different from that in China. I am not very good at eating with a knife and fork (一副刀叉), 20 I am trying my best to learn it.
Lots of love,
Lele
【答案】
11．am writing 12．beautiful 13．my 14．reading 15．for 16．is 17．the 18．living 19．sitting 20．but
【导语】本文是Lele写信告诉父母自己在伦敦寄宿家庭的情况。
11．句意：我现在正在吉姆的书房里给你们写信。根据“now”可知，时态用现在进行时am/is/are doing，主语是I，be用am。故填am writing。
12．句意：公寓虽小但非常漂亮。根据“is”可知，用形容词作表语，beauty的形容词形式是beautiful。故填beautiful。
13．句意：我有自己的卧室。of one’s own“某人自己的”，空处用I的形容词性物主代词my。故填my。
14．句意：当需要阅读时，我和吉姆共用书房。do some reading“阅读”，空处用动名词。故填reading。
15．句意：有时我帮助格林夫人为家人准备饭菜。prepare...for“为……做准备”。故填for。
16．句意：大冰箱里有很多食物和饮料。句子是there be句型，遵循“就近原则”，且时态是一般现在时，就近的主语是a lot of food，be用is。故填is。
17．句意：公寓里有一个很棒的浴室。此处指代前文提及的公寓，用the表特指。故填the。
18．句意：客厅非常大。living room“客厅”，名词短语。故填living。
19．句意：每天，格林一家和我都喜欢坐在沙发上互相交谈。enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，空处用动名词形式。故填sitting。
20．句意：我不太擅长用刀叉吃饭，但我正在尽力学习。空前后句是转折关系，用but表示。故填but。
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。有提示词的空格不限一词，无提示词的空格限填一词。
Isha fell back on her sofa strongly and found herself getting terribly unhappy. Her living room was too hot and boring, and she couldn’t bear to stay there one more second. She stood up suddenly and decided that she had 21 (go) outside for some fresh air. Maybe her neighbour Georgia would want to play with her.
“Mum,” she called, “can I go outside and play with Georgia ”
“Absolutely (绝对) not!” her mum replied. “Even though it looks nice now, it 22 (rain) later and I don’t want you to get wet.”
Taking no care of her mum’s warning, Isha stuck to her decision. Her mum had gone upstairs to do some work in her office, 23 Isha had the chance to sneak (偷溜) out of the house and call out Georgia. 24 (luck), she succeeded (成功).
The girls met in the street and chatted happily when they walked. Before long, Isha 25 (wonder) if they had got lost-they were in a small 26 (know) park, and none of the building nearby looked familiar. Things got even 27 (bad) when she found some heavy clouds in the sky. The first raindrops 28 (fall), and the girls decided to go back.
Isha’s heart was beating fast as she tried to sneak back into the house 29 being noticed by her mum. However, to Isha’s surprise, her mum was waiting patiently in the living room for her.
“Come on,” said her mum in a peaceful voice, “let’s get you into some dry clothes before you have 30 fever.”
【答案】
21．to go 22．will rain/is going to rain 23．so 24．Luckily 25．wondered 26．unknown 27．worse 28．fell 29．without 30．a
【导语】本文介绍了Isha因无聊想溜出去玩，不顾母亲下雨的警告偷偷出门找邻居Georgia。两人在陌生公园迷路时突然下雨，匆忙回家发现母亲早已察觉并耐心等待，最后温柔地提醒她换干衣服以免感冒。故事展现了孩子的任性与母亲的包容。
21．句意：她突然站起来，决定她得去外面呼吸些新鲜空气。根据“She stood up suddenly and decided that she had...outside for some fresh air.”可知，这里表示她决定自己必须出去。“had to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“不得不做某事”，故填to go。
22．句意：尽管现在看起来天气不错，但稍后会下雨，我不想让你淋湿。根据“Even though it looks nice now, it...later and I don’t want you to get wet.”可知，句中表述的是稍后的情况，要用一般将来时，其结构为“will+动词原形”或“is going to+动词原形”。故填will rain/is going to rain。
23．句意：她妈妈上楼去办公室工作了，所以伊莎有机会偷偷溜出房子并叫上乔治娅。根据“Her mum had gone upstairs to do some work in her office...Isha had the chance to sneak out of the house and call out Georgia.”可知，句中表述妈妈去楼上工作，“因此”伊莎有机会溜出去的原因，“so”表示“所以、因此”，连词。故填so。
24．句意：幸运的是，她成功了。此处用副词形式作状语修饰整个句子，“luck”的副词形式为“Luckily”，表示“幸运地”。故填Luckily。
25．句意：不久，伊莎想知道她们是否迷路了——她们在一个不知名的小公园里，附近的建筑看起来都不熟悉。文章讲述的是过去发生的事情，这里要用一般过去时，“wonder” 的过去式是 “wondered”。故填wondered。
26．句意：不久，伊莎想知道她们是否迷路了——她们在一个不知名的小公园里，附近的建筑看起来都不熟悉。根据“Before long, Isha...if they had got lost-they were in a small...park, and none of the building nearby looked familiar.”可知，句中表述他们对小公园附近建筑不熟悉，因此可以判断这个公园是她们“不认识的”，形容词“unknown”修饰名词“park”，意为“未知的、不知名的”。故填unknown。
27．句意：当她发现天空中有一些乌云时，情况变得更糟了。句中“even”修饰比较级，表示“甚至更……”，“bad”的比较级是“worse”。故填worse。
28．句意：第一滴雨落下来了，女孩们决定回去。句子是过去时态，这里描述过去发生的动作，此处动词应该使用过去式，“fall”的过去式是“fell”。故填fell。
29．句意：伊莎试图在不被妈妈注意的情况下偷偷回到房子里，她的心跳得很快。根据“Isha’s heart was beating fast as she tried to sneak back into the house...being noticed by her mum.”可知，句中表述她在妈妈“没有”注意地情况下，回到房子里。“without”是介词，意为“没有、不”。故填without。
30．句意：在你发烧之前，我们去给你换些干衣服。have a fever是固定短语，意为“发烧”。故填a。
语法填空
I am a middle school student in Shenzhen. Today, I want share my story as a volunteer in a marathon (马拉松) 31 you.
The Shenzhen Marathon was 32 December 3rd and it brought in 33 (run) from all over the world. I was one of the 34 (volunteer) in the race. It was a rainy and cold morning. I got up early and arrived there at 6:30 a.m. 35 (help) build a station. All the volunteers filled cups up with water and passed them to the runners. As the runners were all 36 a hurry, they had to throw the cups on the ground after 37 (drink) the water. My job was to pick up the cups and throw them into the dustbin. When I did that, many people said “Thank you” to me. It was rainy and cold, 38 I felt very happy. After working for about an hour, my jacket and hair were all wet. But I kept on 39 (pick) up the cups and didn’t feel tired at all.
I learned a lot from my voluntary work. We should always think about things from another person’s perspective (角度). Maybe what you saw is not what people really wanted to do. I enjoy 40 (be) a volunteer to help and serve!
【答案】
31．with 32．on 33．runners 34．volunteers 35．to help 36．in 37．drinking 38．but 39．picking 40．being
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者在武汉马拉松赛上做志愿者的经历，这个经历让他学会了很多东西，让他知道了要学会站在别人的角度看问题。
31．句意：今天，我想和大家分享我作为马拉松志愿者的经历。根据“I want share my story as a volunteer in a marathon (马拉松)...you.”可知，是我想和你分享我作为马拉松志愿者的故事，share sth with sb“和某人分享某物”。故填with。
32．句意：深圳马拉松赛于12月3日举行，吸引了来自世界各地的跑步者。在具体日期“December 3rd”前，要用介词on 。故填on。
33．句意：深圳马拉松赛于12月3日举行，吸引了来自世界各地的跑步者。根据“it brought in...from all over the world”可知，它应是吸引了来自世界各地的跑步者，runner“跑步者”，且不止一个跑步者，所以用复数形式runners。故填runners。
34．句意：我是比赛中的志愿者之一。“one of + 可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，volunteer“志愿者”，所以这里用复数形式volunteers。故填volunteers。
35．句意：我起得很早，早上6点30分到达那里帮忙建一个车站。根据“I got up early and arrived there at 6:30 a.m...build a station.”可知，我早上6:30到达那里是为了帮忙搭建一个站点，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to help。
36．句意：由于跑步者都很着急，他们喝完水后不得不把杯子扔在地上。in a hurry“匆忙地”，这里说跑步者们都很匆忙。故填in。
37．句意：由于跑步者都很着急，他们喝完水后不得不把杯子扔在地上。after是介词，后接动词时要用动名词形式，即drinking。故填drinking。
38．句意：虽然又冷又下雨，但我感到非常开心。前半句“It was rainy and cold”和后半句“I felt very happy.”存在转折关系，所以用but。故填but。
39．句意：但是我不停地捡杯子，并且一点也不觉得累。keep on doing sth“继续做某事”。故填picking。
40．句意：我喜欢成为一名志愿者，帮助和服务他人。enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”。故填being。
A group of explorers, led by a guide, started a tough trip into the unknown rainforest. Among them was one of the country’s best-known 41 (biology), who was interested in the 42 (conserve) of animals and plants.
As time passed, the team met a lot of problems. The thick plants made many 43 (cut) on their skin, and the hard environment was a huge test. It would be 44 (possible) to complete the journey within time limit if they didn’t speed up.
Sadly, a disaster hit. A sudden landslide (滑坡) happened, and several team members got 45 (hurt). In the mess, one of them went missing, making the others very scared. The team started the search, looking forward to the 46 (appear) of the team member.
After hours of searching, they found a middle-aged 47 (survive). He was seriously injured but still 48 (live). He said that he had seen the missing member of the team carried away by the landslide.
Though they were 49 (deep) sad, they started the long trip back. Finally, they made it, and everyone was 50 (delight).
【答案】
41．biologists 42．conservation 43．cuts 44．impossible 45．hurt 46．appearance 47．survivor 48．alive 49．deeply 50．delighted
【导语】本文主要讲述了一群探险家在导游带领下进入未知雨林展开艰难旅程，途中遇到诸多问题，包括滑坡致队员受伤、失踪等状况，经过搜寻等经历后，他们最终成功返程。
41．句意：在他们当中有该国最知名的生物学家之一，他对动植物保护感兴趣。根据“Among them ...”可知，此处指人，biology的名词形式为biologist“生物学家”，one of“最……之一”，其后面接可数名词复数，biologist的复数形式为biologists。故填biologists。
42．句意：在他们当中有该国最知名的生物学家之一，他对动植物保护感兴趣。定冠词the后接名词，conserve的名词形式为conservation，不可数名词。故填conservation。
43．句意：茂密的植物在他们的皮肤上造成了许多伤口，艰苦的环境是一个巨大的考验。many后接可数名词复数，cut作名词时，其复数形式为cuts。故填cuts。
44．句意：如果他们不加快速度，在规定时间内完成旅程是不可能的。根据“It would be ... to complete the journey within time limit if they didn’t speed up.”可知，此处应指如果不加速就不可能按时完成旅程，be动词后接形容词作表语，possible的反义词为impossible“不可能的”。故填impossible。
45．句意：突然发生了滑坡，几名队员受伤了。“get+过去分词”结构表示被动或状态，hurt的过去分词为hurt，get hurt“受伤”。故填hurt。
46．句意：队伍开始搜寻，期待着队员出现。定冠词the后接名词，appear的名词形式为appearance“出现”。故填appearance。
47．句意：经过数小时的搜寻，他们发现了一名中年幸存者。根据“they found a middle-aged ...”可知，此处应指一名幸存者，survive的名词形式为survivor“幸存者”，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数。故填survivor。
48．句意：他伤势严重，但还活着。系动词was后接形容词作表语，live的形容词形式为alive“活着的”。故填alive。
49．句意：尽管他们深感悲痛，他们还是开始了漫长的返程。分析句子结构可知，修饰形容词sad要用副词，deep的副词形式为deeply“深深地”。故填deeply。
50．句意：最后，他们成功了，每个人都很高兴。系动词was后接形容词作表语，delight的形容词形式为delighted“高兴的”。故填delighted。
阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
The Spring Festival starts on the 51 (one) day of lunar January. People welcome the new year. Families get together. Everyone hopes for good 52 (lucky). We also 53 it guonian. In the oldest Chinese writing on bones, the character (汉字) nian 54 (look) like a person carrying crops. Nian means the time for harvest. In a story, Nian is a monster. It will come out to eat people 55 Chinese New Year’s Eve (前一天). But Nian is afraid of (害怕) loud noises and red. People set off firecrackers (鞭炮) and wear 56 clothes. Nian runs away. Today, celebrating nian is a tradition. We celebrate it with big family meals 57 (happy) and red couplets. People in Guangdong visit flower markets. Others in Shanxi make a “fire tower” in front of 58 (they) houses. Outside of China, people in some other 59 (country) also enjoy Spring Festival. It is 60 big celebration for many people.
【答案】
51．first 52．luck 53．call 54．looks 55．on 56．red 57．happily 58．their 59．countries 60．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国春节的起源、传统习俗以及庆祝方式。
51．句意：春节从农历一月的第一天开始。the后应用序数词first“第一”。故填first。
52．句意：每个人都希望有好运。 此处应用名词作宾语，lucky的名词形式是luck“运气”。故填luck。
53．句意：我们也称它为“过年”。 根据常识可知“春节”也称为“过年”，call“称呼、叫作”；时态是一般现在时，主语是we，动词用原形。故填call。
54．句意：在最早的甲骨文中，“年”字看起来像一个人背着庄稼。时态是一般现在时，表示客观事实， 主语the character是单数第三人称，动词用三单形式。故填looks。
55．句意：它会在除夕夜出来吃人。 Chinese New Year’s Eve前时间介词用on。故填on。
56．句意：人们放鞭炮，穿红色的衣服。根据“But Nian is afraid of (害怕) loud noises and red.”可知，因为“年”害怕红色，所以人们要穿红色，red“红色”。故填red。
57．句意：我们以丰盛的家庭聚餐和红对联来庆祝它。此处应用副词happily修饰动词celebrate。故填happily。
58．句意：山西的人们在他们的房子前建“火塔”。此处应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，修饰名词houses。故填their。
59．句意：在中国以外，其他一些国家的人们也庆祝春节。other后应用名词复数形式。故填countries。
60．句意：对许多人来说，这是一个盛大的庆祝活动。 此处表示“一个庆祝活动”，用不定冠词，且big发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。
Do you know where people get ideas for new things Sometimes, they look at nature! This is a subject 61 (name) biomimicry (仿生学). Let’s check out some examples:
Bees make hives with a special shape. These shapes are very strong. People use this idea 62 (build) strong things too.
Sharks have a special skin. It has tiny bumps (凸块) that help them swim fast. People made swimsuits with the same idea to help 63 (swim) swim better.
Lotus 64 (leaf) don’t get dirty. They have a surface that water and dirt slide off (滑落) easily. People are making 65 (cloth) and paints that don’t get dirty, just like the lotus leaf.
66 (butterfly) have beautiful wings. The colours come from tiny things on their wings that play with light. People are learning 67 this to make new, bright paints.
Termites (白蚁) build big homes that stay cool. People are using this idea to make 68 (build) that don’t need much energy to stay cool.
From bees to termites, nature has many smart ideas. By 69 (watch) and learning from nature, we can make new things that work well and improve our lives. Nature is a great 70 (teach) !
【答案】
61．named 62．to build 63．swimmers 64．leaves 65．clothes 66．Butterflies 67．from 68．buildings 69．watching 70．teacher
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了仿生学的概念，并通过多个自然界的例子说明人类如何从自然界中获取灵感来发明新事物。
61．句意：这是一个名为仿生学的学科。空处需用过去分词形式作后置定语，表示被动关系。故填named。
62．句意：人们也利用这个想法来建造坚固的东西。use sth. to do sth.“用某物做某事”为固定搭配，表目的。故填to build。
63．句意：人们用同样的理念制作泳衣，帮助游泳者游得更好。swim的派生词swimmer指“游泳者”，此处泛指一类人，用复数形式。故填swimmers。
64．句意：荷叶不会变脏。leaf为可数名词，结合助动词don’t，此处需用复数形式表示一类事物。故填leaves。
65．句意：人们正在制作像荷叶一样不会变脏的衣物和涂料。cloth的复数clothes表示“衣物”，与paints并列。故填clothes。
66．句意：蝴蝶有美丽的翅膀。根据谓语动词have和语境，主语需用复数形式。故填Butterflies。
67．句意：人们正在学习这一点以制造新的亮色涂料。learn from为固定搭配，表示“从……学习”。故填from。
68．句意：人们利用这个想法建造不需要太多能源就能保持凉爽的建筑。building为可数名词，此处泛指多栋建筑。故填buildings。
69．句意：通过观察和学习自然，我们可以制造出高效的新事物。by后接动名词表示方式。故填watching。
70．句意：自然是一位伟大的老师！不定冠词a后接单数名词，teach的派生词teacher符合语境。故填teacher。
请认真阅读下面短文，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (京杭大运河) is about 1,800 kilometres long. It starts from Hangzhou in the south and 71 (go) to Beijing in the north. It has 72 long history of more than 2,500 years.
In the year AD 605, Emperor Yang Guang 73 (give) an order to build the canal. Building such a long canal was 74 (real) difficult at that time. About 3.6 75 (million) people worked on it and in a short time many of them lost their lives. It took people about six years 76 (build) the canal. The Grand Canal became a bridge 77 the north and the south of China.
The Grand Canal was built in ancient China, but 78 is still in use today. Every day, ships go up and down the canal. And many people like to walk along it. It is part of many Chinese 79 (people) life. Now, lots of people are living 80 (happy) along the canal. They call it “mother river” and it is one of the symbols of Hangzhou.
【答案】
71．goes 72．a 73．gave 74．really 75．million 76．to build 77．between 78．it 79．people’s 80．happily
【导语】本文主要介绍了京杭大运河，包括它的长度、起止地点、悠久历史、修建情况、重要作用以及对人们生活的影响等。
71．句意：它始于南方的杭州，向北延伸至北京。“and”连接两个并列的动作，前面谓语动词“starts”用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，主语是“it”为第三人称单数，所以“go”也用第三人称单数形式“goes”。故填goes。
72．句意：它有超过2500年的悠久历史。“have a long history”表示“有一段悠久的历史”，是固定搭配。故填a。
73．句意：公元605年，隋炀帝杨广下令修建这条运河。根据“In the year AD 605”可知，描述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，“give”的过去式是“gave”。故填gave。
74．句意：在那个时候，修建这样一条长运河真的很困难。修饰形容词“difficult”要用副词，“real”的副词形式是“really”，意为“真的”。故填really。
75．句意：大约360万人参与修建，而且在短时间内他们中的许多人失去了生命。当“million”前面有具体数字时，用其原形。故填million。
76．句意：修建这条运河花费了人们大约六年时间。“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“花费某人多长时间做某事”。故填to build。
77．句意：大运河成为了中国南北之间的一座桥梁。“between...and...”表示“在……和……之间”，这里指大运河成为中国南北之间的桥梁。故填between。
78．句意：大运河修建于古代中国，但它至今仍在使用。这里指代前面提到的“The Grand Canal”，应用“it”。故填it。
79．句意：它是许多中国人生活的一部分。这里表示“许多中国人的生活”，用名词所有格，“people”的所有格是“people’s”。故填people’s。
80．句意：现在，许多人幸福地生活在运河沿岸。修饰动词“living”要用副词，“happy”为形容词，其副词形式是“happily”，意为“幸福地”。故填happily。
阅读短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
Winter is a good time for skiing. It is not only for young people, but also for Liu Zhihua, an 89-year-old grandma, too.
Liu comes from Urumqi, Xinjiang. She becomes a local star because of her great skiing 81 (skill). She began to learn to ski at the age of 72. Many people think that it’s dangerous (危险的) for old people 82 (ski). But Liu’s children let her try this sport instead of (而不是) helping them to look after their 83 (child) every day. Liu went skiing for the first time in 2007. Later she became more and more 84 (interest) in it. Now she loves this sport.
Liu 85 (practise) skiing very hard. With the help of 86 (she) ski teachers, Liu skis about two hours every time. She often meets young people while skiing. Many of them are 87 (friend) to her. It’s interesting for Liu to ski with them. This makes her feel young and happy. Liu feels lucky to learn because she doesn’t have to see other people have fun like a 88 (visit).
“Doing sports makes me 89 (health) and happy every day,” Liu says. “I don’t think age 90 (be) a problem for me. I feel I’m still young.”
【答案】
81．skills 82．to ski 83．children 84．interested 85．practises 86．her 87．friendly 88．visitor 89．healthy 90．is
【导语】本文主要介绍了一位八十多岁的老人对滑雪运动的热爱。
81．句意：她因出色的滑雪技巧成为当地明星。根据常识可知，滑雪需要多种技能，所以用复数形式skills。故填skills。
82．句意：许多人认为老年人滑雪很危险。“It’s + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以此处填to ski。故填to ski。
83．句意：但刘的孩子们支持她尝试这项运动，而不是让她每天帮着照顾孩子。child“孩子”是可数名词，根据上文中的“Liu’s children”可知，此处表示她的多个孩子，所以用复数形式children。故填children。
84．句意：后来她对它越来越感兴趣。become interested in“对……感兴趣”，为固定短语，所以此处填interested。故填interested。
85．句意：刘非常刻苦地练习滑雪。句子描述的是经常性的动作，时态为一般现在时，主语是Liu，所以谓语动词practise要用第三人称单数形式practises。故填practises。
86．句意：在她的滑雪老师的帮助下，刘每次滑雪大约两个小时。此处要用形容词性物主代词her修饰名词短语ski teachers，表示“她的”。故填her。
87．句意：他们中的许多人对她很友好。be friendly to“对……友好”，为固定短语，所以此处填friendly。故填friendly。
88．句意：刘觉得学习滑雪很幸运，因为她不必像游客一样看着别人玩乐。a是冠词，修饰名词，所处填visitor，意为“游客”。故填visitor。
89．句意：“做运动让我每天都健康快乐，” 刘说。make sb. + 形容词，表示 “使某人……”，此处要用形容词healthy作宾语补足语，意为“使我健康”。故填healthy。
90．句意：我认为年龄对我来说不是问题。句子描述的是客观情况，时态为一般现在时，主语age是不可数名词，视为单数，所以be动词用is。故填is。
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When the queen heard this, she was so shocked that her face turned pale, 91 she realized Snow White was still alive. “This time,” said she, “I’ll make sure she can’t escape.” By witchcraft, she made a poisoned comb. Then she dressed herself up 92 (look) like a kind-looking old peddler. She travelled over seven 93 (mountain) to the seven dwarfs’ house. She knocked at the door and called out in a 94 (friend) voice, “Good wares 95 sale! Come and see!”
Snow White looked out and said, “Go away. I must not let anybody in.” “But you can see my wares, my dear.” said the old woman, holding up 96 shiny poisoned comb. It looked 97 beautiful that Snow White forgot the dwarfs’ warning and opened the door.
After 98 (buy) the comb, the old woman said, “Now your hair shall be properly combed. Let me help you.” Poor Snow White, thinking no harm, let the old woman do as she would. But the moment the comb touched 99 (she) hair, the poison began to work. The poor girl 100 (fall) to the ground, unconscious.
【答案】
91．because 92．to look 93．mountains 94．friendly 95．for 96．the 97．so 98．buying 99．her 100．fell
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了邪恶的皇后得知白雪公主还活着，便用巫术制作了一把毒梳子，伪装成善良的老妇人，骗白雪公主开门并让她试用梳子，梳子的毒药使白雪公主昏迷倒地。
91．句意：当王后听到这个消息时，她非常震惊，她的脸变得苍白，因为她意识到白雪公主还活着。根据句意，空格处后面“她意识到白雪公主还活着”是解释王后脸色变得苍白的原因，应用because“因为”连接。故填because。
92．句意：然后她把自己打扮得像个和蔼可亲的老妇人卖东西。分析语境，王后打扮自己是为了扮成一个商贩，表示目的，要用动词不定式（to do）。故填to look。
93．句意：她翻越七座山来到七个小矮人的家。根据空格前的“seven”可知，后面应填复数名词，表示“七座山”，mountain“山”是可数名词。故填mountains。
94．句意：她敲了敲门，友好地喊道：“有好货出售！快来看！”根据“in a ... voice”可知，空格处修饰后面的名词voice，应用形容词作定语。friend的形容词为friendly“友好的”，符合语境。故填friendly。
95．句意：她敲了敲门，友好地喊道：“有好货出售！快来看！”根据“Good wares ... sale”可知，此处表示“出售”，应用固定短语for sale。故填for。
96．句意：“但是你可以看到我的东西，亲爱的，”老妇人说，举起那把闪闪发光的梳子。分析语境，这里的“shiny poisoned comb”是前文提及的毒梳子，要用定冠词the。故填the。
97．句意：梳子看起来这么漂亮，白雪公主忘记了小矮人的警告，打开了门。分析句子结构，本句采用固定句式“so＋形容词＋that ...”表示“如此……以至于……”。形容词beautiful前应用so。故填so。
98．句意：买了梳子后，老妇人说：“现在你该好好梳头了。让我来帮你。”空格处介词After表示“在……之后”，后面应接动名词，动词buy的动名词为buying。故填buying。
99．句意：但梳子一碰到她的头发，毒药就开始起作用了。根据“the comb touched ... hair”可知，这里指的是白雪公主的头发，空格处表示“她的”，要用形容词性物主代词her。故填her。
100．句意：可怜的女孩倒在地上，不省人事。分析语境，全文使用一般过去时，空格处为谓语动词，要用动词过去式。fall“掉下”的过去式为fell。故填fell。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
题型过关第1讲 语法填空
初中英语语法填空解题技巧
一、题型分类与解题思路
1、有提示词类（动词、名词、形容词等）
动词：
谓语动词：判断时态（如一般现在时、过去时、进行时、完成时）、语态（主动 / 被动）。
例：He played (play) football yesterday.（过去时）；The book is read (read) by many students.（被动语态）。
非谓语动词：根据功能选不定式（to do，表目的 / 将来）、动名词（doing，表主动 / 习惯）、过去分词（done，表被动 / 完成）。
例：I want to go (go) there.（不定式作宾语）；The girl singing (sing) now is my sister.（现在分词作定语，主动）。
名词：注意单复数、所有格。
例：These children's (child) toys are new.（复数所有格）。
形容词 / 副词：
形容词修饰名词（定语 / 表语），副词修饰动词 / 形容词 / 句子（状语）。
例：She is a careful (care) student.（形容词作定语）；He runs carefully (careful).（副词作状语）。
比较级 / 最高级：根据语境（than，the + 范围词）判断。
例：Tom is taller (tall) than Jim；She is the tallest (tall) in our class.
数词：区分基数词（表数量）和序数词（表顺序，前加 the）。
例：I live on the fifth (five) floor.
2、无提示词类（冠词、介词、代词、连词等）
冠词：a/an（泛指，元音前用 an）；the（特指，如上文提到的事物、最高级前等）。
例：A boy is waiting for you；The sun is big.
介词：固定搭配（如 look at，in front of）或表时间 / 地点 / 方式。
例：He goes to school by bike；I was born in 2008.
代词：人称代词（主格 / 宾格，如 I/me）、物主代词（my/mine）、反身代词（myself）、不定代词（some/any）。
例：This book is mine (my)；Someone (some) is knocking.
连词：
并列连词（and/or/but/so，连接并列成分）；从属连词（that/if/when/because，引导从句）。
例：I like English and math；When I got home, mom was cooking.
二、解题步骤
通读全文，理解语境：把握时态、主题，为填空提供背景。
分析句子结构：
确定成分（主谓宾等），判断词类（如名词前缺定语→填形容词 / 代词 / 冠词）。
复合句中分析从句类型（定语 / 宾语 / 状语从句），选引导词（如先行词指人用 who，指物用 which）。
结合语法规则填空：
有提示词：按词类变化规则变形（如动词时态、名词复数）。
无提示词：依赖固定搭配（如 take care of）、语法知识（如冠词用法、连词逻辑）。
检查验证：确保语法正确（时态、主谓一致）、语义通顺。
三、常见考点技巧
固定搭配：
动词短语（look forward to doing，take care of）；介词短语（in fact，on time）。
例：She looks forward to visiting (visit) Beijing；In fact, he is kind.
主谓一致：
第三人称单数（he→likes）；复数主语（they→play）。
例：He likes (like) reading；They play (play) daily.
从句引导词：
定语从句：先行词指人用 who（如：The boy who is tall is my friend）。
宾语从句：陈述语序（如：I know what he wants）。
词性转换：
形容词变副词（careful→carefully）；名词变形容词（sun→sunny）。
例：He speaks fluently (fluent)；It's a sunny (sun) day.
Dear Amber,
Is everything going well I moved to 1 new city last month, and I miss you so much. I would like 2 (tell) you something about my life here. I am so 3 (luck) to live here now. There are many beautiful trees all around. And I always like to take 4 (photo) of the trees. I like their beautiful colors and shapes. I hope I can become an 5 (art) like my brother. My classmates are all nice and kind to me. Next Friday, it will be my 6 (twelve) birthday. Now my new friends 7 (prepare) a party for me! I feel so 8 (surprise) and touched (感动的). I am looking forward to 9 (have) it now. I am happy here. And I 10 (visit) you in the summer holiday.
Hope to see you soon.
Kate
阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。
Dear parents,
I’m living in my host family (寄宿家庭) in London these days. And I 11 (write) to you in Jim’s study now. The flat is small but very 12 (beauty). I have a bedroom of 13 (I) own. I share a study with Jim when I need to do some 14 (read). The kitchen is so big. Sometimes I help Mrs Green prepare meals 15 the family. There 16 (be) a lot of food and drinks in a large fridge.
There is a great bathroom in 17 flat. It has warm water 24 hours the whole day. I like taking showers in it before sleeping. The 18 (live) room is very big. And every day, the Green family and I enjoy 19 (sit) on the sofa and talking with each other. It is great fun.
Life here is different from that in China. I am not very good at eating with a knife and fork (一副刀叉), 20 I am trying my best to learn it.
Lots of love,
Lele
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。有提示词的空格不限一词，无提示词的空格限填一词。
Isha fell back on her sofa strongly and found herself getting terribly unhappy. Her living room was too hot and boring, and she couldn’t bear to stay there one more second. She stood up suddenly and decided that she had 21 (go) outside for some fresh air. Maybe her neighbour Georgia would want to play with her.
“Mum,” she called, “can I go outside and play with Georgia ”
“Absolutely (绝对) not!” her mum replied. “Even though it looks nice now, it 22 (rain) later and I don’t want you to get wet.”
Taking no care of her mum’s warning, Isha stuck to her decision. Her mum had gone upstairs to do some work in her office, 23 Isha had the chance to sneak (偷溜) out of the house and call out Georgia. 24 (luck), she succeeded (成功).
The girls met in the street and chatted happily when they walked. Before long, Isha 25 (wonder) if they had got lost-they were in a small 26 (know) park, and none of the building nearby looked familiar. Things got even 27 (bad) when she found some heavy clouds in the sky. The first raindrops 28 (fall), and the girls decided to go back.
Isha’s heart was beating fast as she tried to sneak back into the house 29 being noticed by her mum. However, to Isha’s surprise, her mum was waiting patiently in the living room for her.
“Come on,” said her mum in a peaceful voice, “let’s get you into some dry clothes before you have 30 fever.”
阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。
I am a middle school student in Shenzhen. Today, I want share my story as a volunteer in a marathon (马拉松) 31 you.
The Shenzhen Marathon was 32 December 3rd and it brought in 33 (run) from all over the world. I was one of the 34 (volunteer) in the race. It was a rainy and cold morning. I got up early and arrived there at 6:30 a.m. 35 (help) build a station. All the volunteers filled cups up with water and passed them to the runners. As the runners were all 36 a hurry, they had to throw the cups on the ground after 37 (drink) the water. My job was to pick up the cups and throw them into the dustbin. When I did that, many people said “Thank you” to me. It was rainy and cold, 38 I felt very happy. After working for about an hour, my jacket and hair were all wet. But I kept on 39 (pick) up the cups and didn’t feel tired at all.
I learned a lot from my voluntary work. We should always think about things from another person’s perspective (角度). Maybe what you saw is not what people really wanted to do. I enjoy 40 (be) a volunteer to help and serve!
A group of explorers, led by a guide, started a tough trip into the unknown rainforest. Among them was one of the country’s best-known 41 (biology), who was interested in the 42 (conserve) of animals and plants.
As time passed, the team met a lot of problems. The thick plants made many 43 (cut) on their skin, and the hard environment was a huge test. It would be 44 (possible) to complete the journey within time limit if they didn’t speed up.
Sadly, a disaster hit. A sudden landslide (滑坡) happened, and several team members got 45 (hurt). In the mess, one of them went missing, making the others very scared. The team started the search, looking forward to the 46 (appear) of the team member.
After hours of searching, they found a middle-aged 47 (survive). He was seriously injured but still 48 (live). He said that he had seen the missing member of the team carried away by the landslide.
Though they were 49 (deep) sad, they started the long trip back. Finally, they made it, and everyone was 50 (delight).
阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
The Spring Festival starts on the 51 (one) day of lunar January. People welcome the new year. Families get together. Everyone hopes for good 52 (lucky). We also 53 it guonian. In the oldest Chinese writing on bones, the character (汉字) nian 54 (look) like a person carrying crops. Nian means the time for harvest. In a story, Nian is a monster. It will come out to eat people 55 Chinese New Year’s Eve (前一天). But Nian is afraid of (害怕) loud noises and red. People set off firecrackers (鞭炮) and wear 56 clothes. Nian runs away. Today, celebrating nian is a tradition. We celebrate it with big family meals 57 (happy) and red couplets. People in Guangdong visit flower markets. Others in Shanxi make a “fire tower” in front of 58 (they) houses. Outside of China, people in some other 59 (country) also enjoy Spring Festival. It is 60 big celebration for many people.
阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。
Do you know where people get ideas for new things Sometimes, they look at nature! This is a subject 61 (name) biomimicry (仿生学). Let’s check out some examples:
Bees make hives with a special shape. These shapes are very strong. People use this idea 62 (build) strong things too.
Sharks have a special skin. It has tiny bumps (凸块) that help them swim fast. People made swimsuits with the same idea to help 63 (swim) swim better.
Lotus 64 (leaf) don’t get dirty. They have a surface that water and dirt slide off (滑落) easily. People are making 65 (cloth) and paints that don’t get dirty, just like the lotus leaf.
66 (butterfly) have beautiful wings. The colours come from tiny things on their wings that play with light. People are learning 67 this to make new, bright paints.
Termites (白蚁) build big homes that stay cool. People are using this idea to make 68 (build) that don’t need much energy to stay cool.
From bees to termites, nature has many smart ideas. By 69 (watch) and learning from nature, we can make new things that work well and improve our lives. Nature is a great 70 (teach) !
请认真阅读下面短文，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (京杭大运河) is about 1,800 kilometres long. It starts from Hangzhou in the south and 71 (go) to Beijing in the north. It has 72 long history of more than 2,500 years.
In the year AD 605, Emperor Yang Guang 73 (give) an order to build the canal. Building such a long canal was 74 (real) difficult at that time. About 3.6 75 (million) people worked on it and in a short time many of them lost their lives. It took people about six years 76 (build) the canal. The Grand Canal became a bridge 77 the north and the south of China.
The Grand Canal was built in ancient China, but 78 is still in use today. Every day, ships go up and down the canal. And many people like to walk along it. It is part of many Chinese 79 (people) life. Now, lots of people are living 80 (happy) along the canal. They call it “mother river” and it is one of the symbols of Hangzhou.
阅读短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
Winter is a good time for skiing. It is not only for young people, but also for Liu Zhihua, an 89-year-old grandma, too.
Liu comes from Urumqi, Xinjiang. She becomes a local star because of her great skiing 81 (skill). She began to learn to ski at the age of 72. Many people think that it’s dangerous (危险的) for old people 82 (ski). But Liu’s children let her try this sport instead of (而不是) helping them to look after their 83 (child) every day. Liu went skiing for the first time in 2007. Later she became more and more 84 (interest) in it. Now she loves this sport.
Liu 85 (practise) skiing very hard. With the help of 86 (she) ski teachers, Liu skis about two hours every time. She often meets young people while skiing. Many of them are 87 (friend) to her. It’s interesting for Liu to ski with them. This makes her feel young and happy. Liu feels lucky to learn because she doesn’t have to see other people have fun like a 88 (visit).
“Doing sports makes me 89 (health) and happy every day,” Liu says. “I don’t think age 90 (be) a problem for me. I feel I’m still young.”
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When the queen heard this, she was so shocked that her face turned pale, 91 she realized Snow White was still alive. “This time,” said she, “I’ll make sure she can’t escape.” By witchcraft, she made a poisoned comb. Then she dressed herself up 92 (look) like a kind-looking old peddler. She travelled over seven 93 (mountain) to the seven dwarfs’ house. She knocked at the door and called out in a 94 (friend) voice, “Good wares 95 sale! Come and see!”
Snow White looked out and said, “Go away. I must not let anybody in.” “But you can see my wares, my dear.” said the old woman, holding up 96 shiny poisoned comb. It looked 97 beautiful that Snow White forgot the dwarfs’ warning and opened the door.
After 98 (buy) the comb, the old woman said, “Now your hair shall be properly combed. Let me help you.” Poor Snow White, thinking no harm, let the old woman do as she would. But the moment the comb touched 99 (she) hair, the poison began to work. The poor girl 100 (fall) to the ground, unconscious.
