Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world Section A(4a-4c)课件(共41张PPT)人教版八年级下册

(共41张PPT)
UNIT 7
What's the highest mountain in the world
Grammar Focus 4a-4c
思维品质
学习能力
文化意识
语言能力
教学目标
通过语法表格，引导学生掌握长、宽、高、深等的表达法；并且系统性掌握原级、比较级和最高级的用法。
能够根据学习目标和个人情况，选择适合的学习策略，如多观察，多反思；多记笔记，多背诵等。
引导学生学会用语法知识描绘大好河山，表达自己热爱祖国的热情。
引导学生观察与翻译，培养其独立思考和发散性性思维，变被动学习为主动学习。
能够通过表格活动，引导掌握长、宽、高、深等的表达法；
能够在习题任务中，系统性掌握原级、比较级和最高级的用法。
如何引导学生观察，培养其独立思考和发散性性思维；
如何引导学生学会用语法知识描绘大好河山，表达自己热爱祖国的热情。
01
02
教学重难点
01
Grammar
Focus
SECTION A
Lead-in
1
1. Revision
Qomolangma
The Nile
The Sahara
The Caspian Sea
The Yangtze River
Taklimakan desert
The Yellow River
It's 1,025 meters deep.
It's about 9,000,000 square kilometers in size.
It's 6,671 kilometers long.
It's 8848.86 meters high.
It is about 6,300 kilometers.
It is 5464 kilometers.
It covers an area of approximately 337,000 square kilometers.
Lead-in
1
吸入
到达山顶
冒着生命危险
挑战自己
在困难面前
放弃做某事
自然的力量
challenge oneself
risk one’s life(lives)
reach the top
take in
in the face of difficulties
the forces of nature
give up doing sth.
1. Revision
Lead-in
1
2. Discuss
What do you think is the most important spirit during the process of mountain climbing
Never give up
spirits
have the courage to face these risks
be adaptable in different environment
self-confidence
exploration
persevere in the face of these challenges
respect the nature
rely on each other for support
Presentation
2
1. Read the following sentences and translate them.
What’s the highest mountain in the world Qomolangma.
How high is Qomolangma It’s 8,848.86 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain.
Which is the deepest salt lake in the world The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.
Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US.
What’s the highest mountain in the world Qomolangma.
How high is Qomolangma It’s 8,848.86 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain.
Which is the deepest salt lake in the world The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.
Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US.
Presentation
2
2. Pay attention to the underlined sentences.
Presentation
2
长、宽、高、深等的表达法
A: How long/wide/high/deep/big + be + 主语
What’s the length/width/height/depth/size+ of + 主语
B: 主语 + be + 基数词 + 单位词 + 形容词(long, wide, high, deep)
主语 + be +基数词 + 单位词 + in + 名词(length, width, height, depth, size)
例如：
A: How long is the river / What's the length of the river 这条河有多长？
B: The river is 500 kilometers long. / The river is 500 kilometers in length.
这条河在长度方面是 500 公里。
Presentation
2
【拓展延伸】复合形容词作定语
1. 构成规则：由 “数词 + 单位词单数 + 形容词” 通过连字符连接构成。
2. 用法特点：
(1) 作定语：这种复合形容词只能放在被修饰的名词前面作定语，不能作表语。
例如：a three-year-old boy （对）
The boy is three-year-old. （错）
(2) 表示尺寸、年龄等：常用来描述物体的尺寸大小、年龄、时间等特征。
例如：a 20-centimeter-wide box 一个 20 厘米宽的盒子
a five-hour-long meeting 一次长达五小时的会议
What’s the highest mountain in the world Qomolangma.
How high is Qomolangma It’s 8,848.86 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain.
Which is the deepest salt lake in the world The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.
Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US.
Presentation
2
3. Circle the superlatives and comparatives.
Presentation
2
分类
原级
比较级
最高级
两者间“一样……”
comparative
两者比“更……”
superlative
三者比“最……”
Presentation
2
原级
两者间“一样……”
1. 定义：形容词原级用于描述人或事物的特征、性质或状态，副词原级用于描述动作发生的方式、程度、时间、地点等。
2. 用法：
(1)肯定句结构：as...as 表示两者在某方面程度相同，意为 “和…… 一样”。
例如：
She is as tall as her mother. 她和她妈妈一样高。
He works as hard as his brother. 他工作和他哥哥一样努力。
Presentation
2
(2)否定句结构：not as/so...as ：表示前者在某方面不如后者，意为 “不如……”。例如：This book is not as interesting as that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣。
He doesn't run as/so fast as you. 他跑得不如你快。
【注意】省略情况：在一些情况下，结构中某些成分可以省略，但要保证句子的意思清晰明确。
例如：He is as tall as I (am). (am可以省略)
She loves him as much as her mother. (不能省略)
She loves him as much as her mother loves him. 她爱他和她妈妈爱他一样多。
She loves him as much as she loves her mother. 她爱他和她爱她妈妈一样多。
Presentation
2
1. 一般在词尾加-er, -est。例如：tall-taller-tallest；fast-faster-fastest
2. 以字母e结尾在词尾加-r, -st。例如：nice-nicer-nicest；late-later-latest
3. 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该字母后加-er, -est。
例如：big-bigger-biggest；hot-hotter-hottest
4. 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加-er, -est 。
例如：happy-happier-happiest；early-earlier-earliest
5. 多音节词和部分双音节词，在原级前加more, most。
例如：careful-more careful-most careful；slowly-more slowly-most slowly
比较级与最高级
规则变化
Presentation
2
比较级与最高级
不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/badly worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
old older/elder oldest/oldest
far farther（更远）/further（进一步的） farthest/furthest
Tip:older 一般指年龄大小； My father is older than my mother.
elder指长幼关系（一般修饰名词作定语）;My elder brother is a driver.
Presentation
2
1. 定义：形容词和副词的比较级用于比较两个事物或人在某方面的程度差异。常用than（标志）来连接被比较的两个人或事物。
2. 用法：
(1) A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B，表示“一方比另一方更……”
例如：
The red car is faster than the blue one. 红色的车比蓝色的车速度更快。
This mountain is higher than that hill. 这座山比那座小山更高。
比较级
comparative
两者比“更……”
Presentation
2
(2) A+实义动词+副词比较级+than + B，表示“一方比另一方更……”
例如：
Tom runs more quickly than Jack in the race. 在这次赛跑中，汤姆跑得比杰克快。
She studies harder than her sister and always gets better grades.
她学习比她妹妹努力，成绩总是更好。
(3) 主语+谓语+the+比较级+of the two，表示“主语是两者中较…的一个”
例如：Lucy is the taller of the two girls. 两个女孩中，露西个子更高。
My brother runs the faster of the two in the 100-meter dash.
在 100 米短跑中，我哥哥是两人里跑得更快的那个。
Presentation
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(4) 比较级+and+比较级…，表示“越来越…”
例如：The weather is getting colder and colder as winter comes.
随着冬天的来临，天气变得越来越冷。
Our country is becoming more and more powerful in the world.
我们国家在世界上正变得越来越强大。
【拓展】当表示一方超过另一方的“程度”时，可以用much, a lot,even, far,
a little, a bit（相差程度小）, 等来修饰比较级。但不能用very, so, too等修饰。
例如：This problem is much more difficult than that one.
这个问题比那个问题难得多。
Presentation
2
(5) the+比较级（+名词）+主+谓，the+比较级（+名词） +主+谓，表示“越…就越…”
例如：
The more books you read, the more knowledge you will gain.
你读的书越多，获得的知识就越多。
The higher the mountain is, the thinner the air becomes.
山越高，空气就越稀薄。
Tip:此结构在于表达前者是后者实现的条件，
可尝试在写作中使用该结构，作为亮点。
Presentation
2
(6) less＋（多音节和部分双音节原级）＋than + B，表示“A不如B...”
例如：
This movie is less exciting than the one we watched last week.
这部电影没有我们上周看的那部令人兴奋。
She is less careful than her sister when doing homework.
她做作业时没有她姐姐细心。
The new method is less efficient than the traditional one. 新方法没有传统方法高效。
This novel is less interesting than the previous one I read.
这本小说没有我之前读的那本有趣。
Presentation
2
(7) less＋（多音节和部分双音节原级）＋than + B，表示“A不如B...”
例如：
This movie is less exciting than the one we watched last week.
这部电影没有我们上周看的那部令人兴奋。
She is less careful than her sister when doing homework.
她做作业时没有她姐姐细心。
The new method is less efficient than the traditional one. 新方法没有传统方法高效。
This novel is less interesting than the previous one I read.
这本小说没有我之前读的那本有趣。
Presentation
2
1. 定义：形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，表示在某一范围内 “最……”。常用of/in短语来说明比较的范围。
(1) 主语+ be+ the+形容词最高级+in/of ...
例如：Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.
珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。
Tom is the tallest boy of all the students in his class.
汤姆是他班上所有学生中最高的男孩。
最高级
superlative
三者比“最……”
Presentation
2
(2) 主语+实义动词（+the）+副词最高级+in/of ...
例如：Mike runs (the) fastest in his school.迈克在他学校里跑得最快。
Lily sings (the) most beautifully of all the girls in the choir.
莉莉在唱诗班里所有女孩中唱得最美。
(3) 主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of ...
例如：China is one of the largest countries in the world.
中国是世界上最大的国家之一。
The Great Wall is one of the most famous tourist attractions of all historical sites in China. 长城是中国所有历史遗迹中最著名的旅游景点之一。
Presentation
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(4) 主语+be + the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语
例如：Tom is the third tallest boy of all the students in his class.
汤姆是他班上所有学生中第三高的男孩。
(5) Which / Who … + 最高级， A, B or C
该结构意为“A，B，C中，哪个 / 谁最……？”。
例如：Which is the biggest, the apple, the orange or the watermelon
苹果、橙子和西瓜中，哪个最大？
Who is the most hard-working, Tom, Jack or David
汤姆、杰克和大卫中，谁最勤奋？
Qomolangma.
It’s 8,848.86 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain.
The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.
Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US.
Presentation
2
4. Pay attention to the red sentences.
方框中的句子有何异同？
相同点：
两句都是含有than的比较级句型；
不同点：
第一句比较级形式表达最高级含义；第二句只是表达两者比较。
Presentation
2
比较级形式表最高级含义。（比较双方属于同一范围内）
1. 比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词+范围
例如：Lily is more diligent than any other student in her class.
莉莉比她班上其他任何一个学生都勤奋。
2. 比较级 ＋ than＋the other＋复数名词+范围
比较级 ＋ than＋the rest of ＋ 复数名词+范围
例如：Tom runs faster than the other boys in his class.汤姆比他班上其他男孩跑得都快。Our team scored more points than the rest of the teams in the competition.
我们队在比赛中得分比其余队伍都多。
Presentation
2
比较级形式表最高级含义。（比较双方不属于同一范围内）
比较级 ＋ than＋any＋单数名词+范围
例如：
This river is longer than any river in that small area.
这条河比那个小区域内的任何一条河都长。
Our school library has more books than any library in another town.
我们学校图书馆的书比另外一个镇上的任何一个图书馆的书都多。
He works harder than any worker in that factory.
他比另外一家工厂里的任何一个工人都工作努力。
Practice
3
4a Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
1. The Amazon River is one of the _________ rivers in the world. It’s a little ________ than the Yangtze River.
2. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters _______. It’s one of the most __________ places for serious mountain climbers.
3. No ocean in the world is as ______ as the Pacific Ocean.
4. Although Japan is _______ than Canada, it is _______ smaller.
big
much
popular
long
old
high
longest
longer
high
popular
big
older
much
Practice
3
4b Write two comparisons about two topics. Write true facts.
e.g. Two rivers: the Yangtze River and the Amazon River
The Yangtze River is almost as long as the Amazon River.
The Amazon is longer than the Yangtze, but the Yangtze is the longest river in China.
Practice
3
4b Write two comparisons about two topics. Write true facts.
Two animals: ______________________ and ____________________
1. ________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Two cities: ______________________ and ______________________
1. ________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
elephant
Shanghai is much smaller than Sydney. Sydney is almost 2 times as big as Shanghai.
Shanghai is as modern as Sydney.
Shanghai
lion
An elephant is bigger than a lion.
A lion is shorter than an elephant, but it runs faster than an elephant.
Sydney
Production
4
Make comparisons according to the table.
the Nile River the Amazon River the Yangtze River the Yellow River
6,671 km 6,480 km 6,300 km 5,464 km
The Nile River is the longest river in the world.
No river in the world is as long as the Nile River.
The Amazon River is one of the longest rivers in the world.
The Amazon River is a little longer than the Yangtze River.
The Nile River is much longer than the Yellow River.
4c Write five questions using comparisons. Then ask your partner your questions.
Production
4
1. ___________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________
What is the highest building in our city
What is the busiest subway station in our city
What is the largest shopping mall in our city
Which is the biggest park in our city
Which is the longest road in our city
I like geography best, he said, because your mountains & rivers know the secret. Pay no attention to boundaries.
1. We are sure our country will develop _____________ (quickly) than before.
2. Are you feeling much ______ (well) today
3. My sister's pet isn't so ______ (smart) as mine.
4. This is the ________ (small) mobile phone in our shop.
5. I think air pollution is much ____________ (serious) than other problems.
Exercise-用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
more quickly
better
smart
smallest
more serious
02
Summary
SECTION A
03
Homework
SECTION A
Homework
1. Organize the grammatical contents of the positive degree, the comparative degree and the superlative degree.
2. Remember these rules.
SEE YOU NEXT CLASS!