(共16张PPT)
Unit 2 Onwards and upwards
单元归纳总结
2门世2有
3厚Unit 2 Onwards and upwards
单元目标解读 ·学科素养达成
[单元目标]
单元课程探究 单元内容分析
Starting out & Understanding ideas 活动1呈现一段与单元主题相关的视频，介绍了Stephen Hawking、Nelson Mandela和徐悲鸿在人生中遇到的困境以及他们取得的成就。活动2请学生阅读《不要放弃》这首小诗，然后理解诗歌主题及内容，并就诗歌的内容谈谈自己的看法。本版块旨在激活学生已有的背景知识和语言知识，为接下来整个单元的学习活动做铺垫和预热。 本单元的主题语境是“人与自我”，涉及的主题语境内容是勇往直前、永不放弃的精神。本单元介绍了不同领域的杰出人物如Stephen Hawking、Nelson Mandela、徐悲鸿、J.K. Rowling、J.D. Salinger、Brontё 姐妹及Helen Keller 等，讲述他们在人生中遭遇的各种困难，以及他们是如何面对困境、迎接挑战并最终取得成功的。
Grammar 动名词和动词不定式作宾语
Developing ideas 本板块的课文的语篇类型是散文，节选自Helen Keller的《假如给我三天光明》。课文介绍了失明的Helen Keller 希望自己能拥有三天的光明，她想用这三天的时间去观察世界，去看她想看的人和物。本板块旨在启迪学生珍惜自己拥有的一切，培养学生坚强乐观的人生态度，进一步提高学生的语言能力和思维品质。
Writing about an experience 如何描述一次经历
单元核心素养 培养面对挫折不轻言放弃的毅力和品质，并通过与他们的对比，学会感恩，懂得珍惜自己拥有的，树立积极正确的人生态度。
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
原文 呈现
We Regret to Inform① You...
“We regret to inform you...” These are the words that every writer dreads② receiving, but words every writer knows well. The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence. You may have spent years giving up your weekends and free time to write your life's work, yet still this is often not enough. Everyone knows [1]that success rarely③ happens overnight④， but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced rejection⑤.
读文 清障
①inform / n'f m/ v. 通知，告知
②dread /dred/ v. 畏惧，惧怕
③rarely /'re li/ adv. 很少，难得
④overnight / v 'na t/ adv. 突然，一下子
⑤rejection /r 'd ek ( )n/ n. 拒绝，否决
[1]that引导的宾语从句，作knows的宾语。
我们很遗憾地通知您……
“我们很遗憾地通知您……”这句话是每个作家都害怕收到但又非常熟悉的。出版商的回复来了，作家会急切地拆开来读，当读到那最后一句的时候，他们的心都沉了下去。你可能已经花费数年时间放弃周末和空闲时间来创作你一生的作品，但这往往还不够。大家都知道成功不是一蹴而就的，但也许很多人都不知道，许多卓越的作家也都曾被拒绝
原文 呈现
Take for example J．K. Rowling. [2]When_she_received_her_first_rejection_letter,_she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers, and stuck it on her kitchen wall. Rowling had spent years surviving on little money, spending all her time writing. When she finally finished her first book, she received comments from publishers along the lines of “too difficult for children”， “too long”， “Children would not be interested in it”. Nevertheless⑥， she persevered⑦. “[3]I_wasn't_going_to_give_up_until_every_single_publisher_turned_me_down,_but I often feared that would happen，” she later posted. After a total of twelve rejections, one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book, and as we know, Harry Potter became a global success, with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages.
读文 清障
⑥nevertheless / nev 'les/ adv. 然而，不过
⑦persevere / p s 'v / v. 锲而不舍，坚持不懈
[2]When引导的时间状语从句。
[3]“not... until...”结构，意为“直到……才……”。
以J.K. 罗琳为例。当她收到第一封拒绝信时，她认为这意味着她现在和最喜爱的作家们之间在某些地方有共同点了，并把这封信贴在了厨房的墙上。罗琳过了很多年拮据的生活，她把所有时间都用在了写作上。当她终于完成她的第一本书时，她收到来自出版商的评价都是“对孩子来说太难理解” “太长” “孩子们不会对它感兴趣”等。然而，她还是坚持了下来。“我不会放弃的，除非每一位出版商都拒绝我，不过我常常担心这真的会发生。”她后来说。在收到总共12封拒稿信后，最终一位出版商同意将她的第一本书印刷500册，我们都知道，《哈利·波特》取得了全球性的成功，销量超过4亿册并被翻译成了70多种不同的语言。
原文 呈现
All too often writers of great works have had to face criticism⑧ along with rejection. J．D. Salinger started writing short stories in high school, but later struggled to get his works published. “We feel that we don't know the central character well enough” was the criticism he received on his manuscript⑨ for The Catcher in the Rye⑩. Despite rejections from several publishers, J．D. Salinger refused to give up. Even [4]when_serving_in_the_US_Army_during_the_Second_World_War,_he carried six chapters of The Catcher in the Rye with him and worked on the novel throughout his war service. When it was eventually published, the book became an immediate best seller and went on to sell millions and millions of copies.
读文 清障
⑧criticism /'kr t s z( )m/
n. 批评；指责
⑨manuscript /'m nj skr pt/
n. 手稿，底稿
⑩rye /ra / n. 黑麦
best seller / best'sel / n. 畅销书；畅销产品
[4]when引导的时间状语从句的省略结构，完整形式应为“when he was serving... War”。
伟大作品的作家也常常不得不在被回绝的同时还要面临批评。J.D. 塞林格在高中时开始写短篇小说，但后来他的作品却难以发表。“我们觉得自己无法充分理解主人公。” 这是他收到的关于《麦田里的守望者》的手稿的批评。即使被多位出版商回绝，但J.D. 塞林格拒绝放弃。甚至二战期间在美国陆军服役时，他还随身携带了《麦田里的守望者》一书中六章的内容，并在整个战争服役期间一直致力于小说的修改。当它最终出版时，这本书立刻成为畅销书，卖出了上千万册。
原文 呈现
Perhaps the overall prize for perseverance should go to three sisters from Victorian England who dreamt of seeing their words in print. This, however, was a time when women were not encouraged to become writers. As the then Poet Laureate ， Robert Southey, wrote to one of them: “Literature cannot be the business of a woman's life, and it ought not to be.” Nevertheless, the sisters didn't stop trying. Their response was to write a book of poems under male names. Even when the book sold only two copies, the sisters still didn't give up. They started writing novels, and today Charlotte Bront 's Jane Eyre, Emily Bront 's Wuthering Heights and Anne Bront 's Agnes Grey are regarded as classics of world literature. In fact, [5]it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words：“I honour endurance ， perseverance, industry, talent; because these are the means by which men achieve great ends...”
读文 清障
Victorian /v k't ri n/
adj. 英国维多利亚(女王)时代的
Poet Laureate 桂冠诗人
laureate /'l ri t/ n. 重要奖项获得者
classic /'kl s k/ n. 名著；经典作品
endurance / n'dj r ns/
n．(忍)耐力
[5]强调句。被强调部分为“within the pages of Jane Eyre”。
也许坚持不懈的总体荣誉应该颁给来自英国维多利亚时代的三姐妹，她们梦想着看到自己的作品出版。然而，这是一个不鼓励女性成为作家的时代。正如当时的桂冠诗人罗伯特·骚塞在给她们其中一位的信中所说：“文学不可能也不应该成为一个女人的毕生事业。”然而，三姐妹并没有放弃尝试。她们的回应是以男性名字为笔名写了一本诗集。即使当这本诗集只卖出了两册时，她们还是没有放弃。她们转而开始写小说，如今，夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简·爱》、艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼啸山庄》和安妮·勃朗特的《艾格妮丝·格雷》都被认为是世界文学的经典之作。事实上，这正是我们在《简·爱》中读到的这些话：“我崇尚忍耐、坚毅、勤奋、天赋；因为这些东西意味着只有依靠这些，人们才能实现宏大的目标……
原文 呈现
So, it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee success. While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part, perseverance is the key. Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you...”
读文 清障
guarantee / ɡ r n'ti / v. 保证；确保
delighted /d 'la t d/ adj. 愉快的，高兴的
因此，似乎仅凭天赋是不足以保证成功的。虽然大量的艰苦工作和一点点运气很重要，但坚持不懈才是关键。坚持尝试，你最终将会看到这些话：“我们很高兴地通知您……
基础 自测
Ⅰ.重点单词
基础词汇
1．debt n. 债务，欠款
2．pace n. 速度；进度
3．overnight adv. 突然，一下子
4．best seller n. 畅销书；畅销产品
5．classic n. 名著；经典作品
6．guarantee v. 保证；确保
7．outcome n. 结果，后果
8．dread v. 畏惧，惧怕
9．nevertheless adv. 然而，不过
10．persevere v. 锲而不舍，坚持不懈
11．manuscript n. 手稿，底稿
12．rye n. 黑麦
13．Victorian adj. 英国维多利亚(女王)时代的
14．laureate n. 重要奖项获得者
拓展词汇
1．inform v. 通知，告知→information n. 信息
2．rarely adv. 很少，难得→rare
adj. 稀少的，罕有的
3．rejection n. 拒绝，否决→reject v. 拒绝接受；不予考虑
4．criticism n. 批评；指责→criticise v. 批评；指责→critical adj. 批评的；挑剔的
5．endurance n. (忍)耐力→endure v. 忍耐；持久→endurable adj. 可忍受的→unendurable adj. 难以忍受的
6．delighted adj. 愉快的，高兴的→delight n. [U]快乐；[C]令人高兴的事 v. 使高兴→delightful adj. 令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．take..._for_example 以……为例
2．have..._in_common 有……共同之处
3．survive_on 靠……生存
4．turn_down 拒绝；把……调低，关小
5．dream_of 梦想
6．dread doing sth. 害怕做某事
7．struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
8．in print 已刊印，已出版
9．play a part 起作用
10．be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their_hearts_sinking when they reach that final sentence.
出版商的回复来了，作者会急切地拆开来读，当读到那最后一句的时候，他们的心都沉了下去。
2．J.D. Salinger started writing short stories in high school, but later struggled to get_his_works_published.
J．D. 塞林格在高中时开始写短篇小说，但后来他的作品却难以被发表。
语篇 细研
Ⅰ.根据课文内容选择最佳选项
1．What can we learn from the first paragraph
A．As long as we stick to writing, we all become writers.
B．It is very normal for many writers to receive rejections of their works.
C．The publisher's reply will be a delight to the author.
D．The more successful a writer he is, the more rejection letters he receives.
答案：B
2．How did she react when J．K. Rowling received her first rejection letter
A．She thought her work was too difficult for children.
B．She no longer wanted to be a writer again.
C．She continued to write her novel all her time.
D．She decided to print 500 copies of her first book.
答案：C
3．Why did J．D. Salinger carry six chapters of his book with him
A．He wanted to relax himself on the battlefield.
B．He wanted to read his work to his comrades in arms.
C．He knew that his book would be loved by the soldiers.
D．He did not give up his dream of writing his book.
答案：D
4．Who wrote the novel Jane Eyre
A．Charlotte. B．Robert.
C．Anne. D．Emily.
答案：A
5．What does the author think is the most important factor to success
A．Perseverance. B．Talent.
C．Publisher. D．Rejection.
答案：A
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
Everyone knows that success 1.rarely(rare) happens overnight, but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced 2.rejection(reject). When J．K. Rowling received her first rejection letter, she 3.stuck(stick) it on her kitchen wall. Rowling had spent years 4.surviving(survive) on little money, spending all her time writing. After 5.a total of twelve rejections, she succeeded. As we know, Harry Potter became a 6.global(globe) success. J．D. Salinger started writing short stories in high school，but later struggled to get his work 7.published(publish). Despite rejections from several publishers, he refused to give up. Perhaps the overall prize 8.for perseverance should go to the Bront sisters. There was a time 9.when women were not encouraged to become writers, so they had to write a book of poems under male names. Even when the book sold only two copies, the sisters still didn't give up. It seems that talent alone isn't enough 10.to_guarantee(guarantee) success. While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part, perseverance is the key.
词汇 精讲
1．debt n. 债务，欠款
[教材P17]When the funds are low and the debts are high... 当资金少而债务多的时候……
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
I need to pay off all my debts before I leave the country.
我得在离开这个国家前还清所有债务。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle_against_debts and misfortune.
他成年后的大部分生活是一场对抗债务和不幸的失败斗争。
(2)It is much easier to get into_debt than get out_of_debt.
借债比还债更容易。
(3)Ten years later, the couple paid_off their debts.
十年后，这对夫妇还清了他们所有的债务。
2．pace n. 速度；进度 v. 走来走去，来回踱步
[教材P17]Don't give up though the pace seems slow... 即使速度似乎很慢，但也不要放弃……
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
She works so fast that I can't keep pace with her.
她工作得如此快以致我跟不上她的速度。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)It is difficult to keep up with the_pace_of change.
跟上变化的速度是很难的。
(2)We encouraged all students to work at_their_own_pace.
我们鼓励所有学生按自己的节奏学习。
(3)The woman paced_up_and_down outside the room, which made her husband upset.
这个女人在房间外面来回走，这使她的丈夫很不安。
(4)You set_the_pace and I'll follow you.
你带头，我会跟着你的。
3．inform v. 通知，告知
[教材P18]We Regret to Inform You... 我们很遗憾地通知您……
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
They would inform him of any progress they had made.
他们将把自己所取得的任何进展都告诉他。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)We want to inform you that you must pay off all your debts by next Sunday.
(2)We should inform the person of/about the terrible news as soon as possible.
(3)Don't share personal information(inform) or stories.
一句多译
有任何进展我们都会立即通知你。
(4)We will inform_you_of/about_any_development at once.
(5)We will keep_you_informed_of_any_development at once.
4．take... for example 以……为例
[教材P19]Take for example J．K. Rowling. 以J.K. 罗琳为例。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
We all hope to take advantage of the opportunity to promote our cooperation.
我们都希望可以利用这次机会来增进我们之间的合作。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)You'd better take_notice_of what you read in the newspaper.
你最好留意一下你在报纸上读到的东西。
(2)She took_advantage_of the children's absent time to tidy their rooms.
她利用孩子们不在的时间整理了他们的房间。
(3)There is a lot of time left. You can take_your_time.
还有很多时间。你可以慢慢来。
(4)Before every exam, my mother always asks me to take_it_easy.
在每次考试前，妈妈总是让我放松一些。
(5)The local villagers urged the government to take_action at once.
当地村民催促政府立刻采取行动。
5．have sth. in common with... 与……在某方面有共同点
[教材P19]When she received her first rejection letter, she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers, and stuck it on her kitchen wall.当她收到第一封拒绝信时，她认为这意味着她现在和最喜爱的作家们之间在某些地方有共同点了，并把这封信贴在了厨房的墙上。
归纳拓展
have a little/some/a lot/much/nothing in common with... 与……有一点/一些/许多/很多/没有共同之处
in common 共有；公有
in common with... 和……一样
common sense 常识
佳句背诵
I have nothing in common with Jane.
我和简毫无共同之处。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)Research shows that successful language learners in many ways have_something_in_common.
研究表明，成功的语言学习者在许多方面有共同之处。
(2)I must say, in_common_with Helen, that I strongly oppose the proposal.
我必须说，与海伦一样，我强烈反对这个提议。
(3)We happened to discover we had a friend in_common.
我们碰巧发现我们有一个共同的朋友。
6．guarantee v. 保证；确保 n. 保证；保修单
[教材P20]So, it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee success.因此，似乎仅凭天赋是不足以保证成功的。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
I guarantee that this will not happen again.
我保证此类事情不会再发生。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)We guarantee to_inform(inform) you of what's happening here in time.
(2)Don't worry! Your new computer is still under guarantee.
完成句子
(3)As we all know, wealth is not_the_guarantee_of_happiness.
我们都知道，财富并非幸福的保证。
(4)Consistent and hard work will guarantee_that you will become good at whatever it is.
坚持不懈和勤奋努力会确保你无论做什么都会做好的。
7．delighted adj. 愉快的，高兴的
[教材P20]We are delighted to inform you... 我们很高兴地通知您……
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
She was delighted by/at the news of the wedding.
听到婚礼的消息她很高兴。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)I was delighted at/by/with the presence of such a student.
(2)I am delighted to_tell(tell) you that I have paid off all my debts.
(3)To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of people to attend the opening ceremony.
句型 精析
1．独立主格结构
The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence.[教材P18]
出版商的回复来了，作者会急切地拆开来读，当读到那最后一句的时候，他们的心都沉了下去。
句法分析
本句中的“their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence”是独立主格结构。
归纳拓展
独立主格结构相当于一个状语，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等。独立主格结构由“名词/代词＋介词短语/副词/形容词 短语 /名词 短语 /非谓语动词等”构成，其中前面的名词或代词在意义上为后面部分的逻辑主语。
佳句背诵
There being no buses, we had to take a taxi.
由于没有公共汽车了，我们只好坐出租车。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)More time given(give), we should have done it much better.
(2)It being (be) a fine day, the children went to the park.
(3)The work finished(finish), they left the office and went home.
句型转换
(4)After all the emails had been answered，the girl turned off the computer.
→All_the_emails_answered,_the girl turned off the computer.
2．“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构
J．D. Salinger started writing short stories in high school, but later struggled to get his works published.[教材P19]
J．D.塞林格在高中时开始写短篇小说，但后来他的作品却难以发表。
句法分析
本句中的“get his works published”是“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构。此处published是过去分词作宾补，表示被动。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
We have to get everything ready today.
今天我们必须把一切准备好。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)What a mess! You'd better get everything in your room clean(cleanly)．
(2)The boy got his left leg injured(injure) while playing football.
(3)It was very cold that morning, so I couldn't get my car running(run)．
(4)If you are weak in English, you can get your brother to_help(help) you.
达标 练案
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The purpose of the passage is to inform us of/about the reason for protecting the heritage.
2．Don't offer comments(comment) if you cannot understand the real meaning.
3．He understood that it was the fault of his skin colour that accounted for their rejection(reject)．
4．Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, is_regarded(regard) as one of the best all round forms of exercise.
5．She is struggling to_bring(bring) up a family on a very low income.
6．I am very delighted to_teach(teach) you something about Tang poems.
7．You will rarely(rare), if ever, have to wait longer than an hour.
8．Though at first we are hurt, we eventually(eventual) learn from the experiences.
9．The novel is one of the most famous classics(classic)．
10．It took the couple 10 years to pay off all their debts(debt)．
Ⅱ.短语填空
go wrong； work on； have... in common； dream of； give up； turn down； be regarded as； be delighted to
1．If you lose your focus, things can easily go_wrong.
2．To my great surprise, you say you will give_up learning English.
3．What do the music festivals have_in_common
4．It is impolite to turn_down the warm hearted offer.
5．He has spent the last two years working_on a book about childcare.
6．She dreams_of running her own business.
7．It was_regarded_as the purpose of life in ancient Greece.
8．I am_delighted_to hear that you succeeded.
课时作业(四) Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We encourage all students to work at their own pace(速度).
2．Sorry, I am late but I guarantee(保证) that it won't happen again.
3．It's impossible to predict the outcome(结果) of the general election.
4．We will inform(通知) you of any change of time as soon as possible.
5．If you carry on spending money like that, you will end up in debt(债务).
6．I rarely(很少) wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a car.
7．His eighth book came out earlier this year and was an instant best seller(畅销书)．
8．He is a stubborn boy who always turns a deaf ear to other people's criticism(批评)．
9．How can you admit your mistakes if you are afraid of punishment and rejection(拒绝)
10．Dream of the Red Mansions is regarded as one of the four classics(名著) in Chinese Literature.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The wheels were stuck(stick) in the mud.
2．I wonder how such a big family can survive on such poor income.
3．I regret to_tell(tell) you that I can not attend the meeting on Friday.
4．He was encouraged to_learn(learn) music at an early age by his father.
5．It seems that you have misunderstood what I said at the meeting.
6．The product was developed in response(respond) to customers' demand.
7．When seeing(see) her mother, the little girl dropped her toy and rushed to her.
8．There comes a time when children need to know more than the basic facts of life.
9．I handed in my application for the job last week and I am now eagerly(eager) awaiting their reply.
10．The surviving sailors managed to keep up for several hours and were eventually(eventual) picked up by a lifeboat.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Don't expect it to_improve_overnight.
不要指望这事一下子就改善了。
2．Such things ought_not_to_be_allowed.
这种事应该禁止。
3．He gave_up without a fight.
他不战而降。
4．When staying_at_home,_I often play chess with my grandpa.
待在家时，我常和爷爷下棋。
5．The Warring States period is a_time_when states were often at war with each other.
战国时期是国家之间经常发生战争的时期。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Professional Development Courses in London
·Business writing
Delivery method：Online, Video
Price：￡49
About the course：Many people get blocked when forced to put their thoughts into words at work. This course gives you the tools and techniques to improve your writing, whether it's a two line email or a two hundred page report.
·Travel writing courses
Delivery method：Classroom, Seminar
Price：￡115 (full day); ￡125 (evening classes)
About the course: Do you want to be a travel writer Then come along to a one day travel writing workshop or a four week travel writing evening class. The courses help participants to write travel features and publish them in newspapers, magazines or on websites.
·Pre sessional programmes in EAP
Delivery method：Classroom, Seminar
Price：Starting from ￡1,250
About the course：Our five pre sessional programmes in English for academic purposes are intended for international students who plan to study at Aston University. These programmes aim to equip you with the language and academic skills necessary for success in your future chosen subject area.
·Masterclass
Delivery method：Classroom, Seminar
Price：Starting from ￡335
About the course：Whether you write fundraising letters, or for your website(s), this course will help you gain the ideas, knowledge and skills you need to write fundraising copy that produces more impressive and profitable results.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了伦敦专业发展课程中的四个课程：商业写作课程、旅行写作课程、预备课程和高级讲习班。
1．How is the business writing course different from the others
A．It is delivered online.
B．It offers evening classes.
C．It focuses on report writing.
D．It is hosted by Aston University.
解析：细节理解题。根据Business writing部分的“Delivery method：Online, Video”可知，本课程是在线学习，而其余三门课程都是“Delivery method：Classroom, Seminar”。故选A项。
答案：A
2．What can pre sessional programmes in EAP help students do
A．Choose a suitable college subject.
B．Prepare themselves for university.
C．Go to world class universities.
D．Only improve their academic skills.
解析：推理判断题。根据本课程中“About the course: Our five pre sessional programmes in English for academic purposes are intended for international students who plan to study at Aston University.”可知，这种课程是专为计划在阿斯顿大学学习的国际学生准备的。由此可以推断出，这门课程能够让学生为大学做好准备。故选B项。
答案：B
3．Which course fits John if he hopes to write inspiring words for fundraising activities
A．Pre sessional programmes in EAP.
B．Travel writing courses.
C．Business writing.
D．Masterclass.
解析：推理判断题。根据Masterclass部分的“About the course：Whether you write fundraising letters, or for your website(s), this course will help you gain the ideas, knowledge and skills you need to write fundraising copy that produces more impressive and profitable results.” 可知，如果你写筹款信的话，这门课程会帮助你获得你所需要的想法、知识和技能来写筹款副本，从而产生更令人印象深刻和更有益的结果。由此可以推断出，如果约翰想要为筹款活动写鼓舞人心的话，应参加Masterclass。故选D项。
答案：D
Ⅴ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The frightening day of our diving test was here. Our parents thought we were lucky to have an Olympic size swimming pool at the school. My mom stressed that the swimming pool was one of the best in our city. But I didn't feel happy about it at all. Instead, I felt afraid of the swimming pool. It was mainly because I was terribly shy.
I was so shy that I always sat at the back of the room in class so I'd not be called upon to read. As for the present physical education class each Monday morning, I would work my way to the back of the line forming at the diving board so I would not have to practice the dives.
Now, it was another Monday morning—the morning of our diving test. My blood ran cold when the teacher Ms Robbins announced that we would be graded for our final on the most difficult dive—the jackknife. And she added, “This diving test is important. The one who fails has to spare time in the following Monday mornings to practice diving in this swimming pool and attend this test again.”
My body kept shaking with fear as the line to the scary diving board shortened. As I watched, each student seemed to perform the challenging dive effortlessly. And shortly I would have to attempt something that I had never even practiced before.
Then I remembered someone telling me that when you picture yourself doing a skill over and over, it's just as effective as physically practicing that skill. So I watched carefully as each classmate jumped at the end of the board once, added a jump for height, folded their body in half to reach for their toes, and finally straightened out like an arrow for going into the water. After carefully watching for a while, I was actually in a state of surprise, because all of a sudden I realized that it was possible for me to perform these four steps of diving.
Eventually all classmates except me finished jumping. The teacher announced that it was my turn.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
With my heart knocking wildly, I walked down the diving board towards its end.
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Knowing I failed, I climbed out of the pool, embarrassed.
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
With my heart knocking wildly, I walked down the diving board towards its end. Looking down, I found all my classmates were looking up at me. My face suddenly felt hot. Finally, I ignored them. Picturing the four steps of diving, I jumped. Then I folded my body but failed to reach for my toes. And instead of entering the water like an arrow, I fell into the water, with my body being flat. As a result, it caused a huge sound, which made all the classmates burst out laughing.
Knowing I failed, I climbed out of the pool, embarrassed. After class, Ms Robbins comforted and encouraged me. In the following many Monday mornings, I practiced again and again under her guidance. Gradually, I became more confident and less shy. Finally, I attended the diving test again and performed well. This time, my classmates cheered and clapped. I was so glad. I knew my success resulted from my beating my shyness and my hard practice.
Section Ⅱ Using language
Ⅰ.核心单词
1．blanket n. 毯子，毛毯
2．contest n. 比赛，竞赛
3．elect v. 选举，推选
4．upset adj. 心烦意乱的，烦恼的
5．enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热衷的
6．worthwhile adj. 重要的；值得做的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．live life to the full 充实地生活
2．due_to 由于；因为
3．keep practicing 坚持练习
4．achieve_one's_goal 实现某人的目标
5．one's positive attitude 某人积极的态度
6．share...with_sb. 与某人分享……
7．not_without its challenges不是没有挑战(双重否定表达肯定含义)
8．begin/start with...以……开始
9．even_if/though 虽然，即使
10．It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 值得做某事
11．overcome_challenges 克服挑战
12．look on the bright side 对事物抱乐观态度
13．a_wet_blanket 扫兴的人或物
14．drag one's feet 拖延
15．be extremely enthusiastic 非常热情的
16．make_an_effort_(efforts)_to_do_sth. 努力(做某事)
17．in a difficult situation 在困难的情况下
18．be made up of... 由……组成
Ⅲ.经典结构
1．第四天，我太累了，甚至都不想起床。
On the fourth day, I was so tired that I even didn't want to get out of bed.
2．然而，乐观是我们能为自己和他人做的最好的事情。
Nevertheless, looking_on_the_bright_side is the best thing that we can do for ourselves as well as for others.
Ⅳ.必备语法
动名词和动词不定式作宾语
1．Jean suggested asking(ask) her father for his opinion.
2．She admitted doing/having_done(do) wrong.
3．My brother determined to_work(work) harder to make up for lost time.
4．Tom was fond of Chinese culture, so he decided to_settle(settle) in China.
词汇 精讲
1．due to 由于，因为
[教材P22]When he had to stop swimming due to health problems, he decided to learn how to play the piano with his toes.当他因健康问题不得不停止游泳时，他决定学习如何用脚趾弹钢琴。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
①Rose is due to start school in January.
罗斯一月份就要开始上学了。
②I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.
我想我的长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。
易混辨析
due to 引导的短语在句中除可作状语(此时一般不用于句首)外，也可作表语或定语；作表语或状语时可将due to 看作是owing to 的同义短语
because of 普通用语，比其他短语更口语化；构成的短语在句子中通常作状语，一般不作表语用；后面可接名词、代词、分词或what引导的名词性从句等
owing to 在句中作状语或表语；当作状语时，习惯上用逗号和句子其他部分分开
thanks to “由于或因为某人(某事)”，通常用于好的方面，意为“多亏”，但有时作反语；引导的介词短语可置于句首或句末
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)Her absence was due to the storm.
(2)We broke up because of an invitation.
2．inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞
[教材P22]Today，Liu Wei still enjoys playing music, and his positive attitude is an inspiration to us all.今天，刘伟仍然喜欢演奏音乐，他乐观的态度激励着我们大家。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)The teacher inspires (inspire) his students to give their opinions actively even if they are different from his own.
(2)What inspiring(inspire) news it is that my father will take me to Hong Kong this weekend!
3．worthwhile adj. 重要的；值得做的
[教材P23]Even though being a camper has its challenges, I feel it is worthwhile.尽管当露营者有挑战，但我觉得这是值得的。
归纳拓展
1 It is worthwhile to do/doing sth. 值得做某事。
worthwhile doing值得做
2 be well worth doing …… 非常 值得做
be worth the money/an effort/a try值得花钱/努力/一试
be worth it值得一干；值得花精力 或时间
佳句背诵
It's worthwhile reading literary books because they can help us to know more about the society and life.
读文学书是值得的，因为它们能帮助我们更多地了解社会和生活。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)It is worthwhile to_include/including (include) really high quality illustrations.
(2)The movie was definitely worth seeing(see)．
(3)The event is worthy of being_remembered(remember)．
4．effect n. 作用；影响
[教材P24]A good attitude can have a positive effect on other people.良好的态度会对其他人产生积极的影响。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
The new law has come into effect; surely it will have an effect on industry of the country.
新法律已经生效，它肯定会对国家的工业产生影响。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)Affected(affect) with high fever, he continued with his work.
(2)Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have an effect on/upon you most deeply.
动名词和动词不定式作宾语
知识 精讲
一、只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语
英语中有些动词及短语必须接动名词作宾语，这类动词及短语常用的有：admit承认；appreciate感激；avoid避免；consider考虑；delay延迟；deny否认；enjoy喜欢；escape逃脱；finish完成；imagine想象；mind介意；miss错过；postpone推迟；practice练习；resist抵抗；risk冒险；suggest建议；insist on坚持；stand忍受；keep保持；be used to习惯于；be accustomed to习惯于；lead to导致；devote oneself to献身于；object to反对；stick to坚持；look forward to期望，盼望等。
Have you ever considered going abroad for further education
你曾经考虑过去国外深造吗？
You can hardly avoid meeting her if both of you work in the same office.
如果你们两个人在同一间办公室工作，你就很难避免遇见她。
He has been looking forward to going to England for a long time.
很长一段时间以来他一直盼望去英国。
二、只接动词不定式作宾语的动词及短语
英语中有些动词及短语必须接不定式作宾语，这类动词及短语常用的有：afford负担得起；agree同意；attempt尝试，试图；choose选择；desire渴望；determine决心；decide决定；expect期望；hope希望；learn学习；manage设法；offer主动提出；plan计划；pretend假装；promise许诺；refuse拒绝；wish希望；set out着手做，开始做；would like想要等。
I can't afford to waste money on cheap souvenirs.
我不能浪费钱去支付那些廉价的纪念品。
I expect to be back as soon as possible.
我盼望着尽早回来。
At last I managed to carry all those large boxes upstairs.
最后我设法把所有那些大箱子都搬上了楼。
三、可接动名词和动词不定式作宾语但意义不同的动词及短语
有些动词和动词短语后跟动名词和动词不定式作宾语皆可，但表达含义不同。常见的有：
动词 宾语的形式 含义
forget doing 忘记做过
to do 忘记要做
remember doing 记得做过
to do 记着要去做
regret doing 后悔做了
to do 遗憾/抱歉要做
try doing 尝试做
to do 尽力做
mean doing 意味着做
to do 打算做
stop doing 停止做(同一件事)
to do 停下来去做(另一件事)
go on doing 接着做(同一件事)
to do 接着做(另外一件事)
She didn't remember locking the door after supper.
晚饭后她不记得锁过门了。
Remember to turn off all the lights when you leave the classroom.
当你离开教室时，记着要把所有的灯都关掉。
His words meant going to help you without delay.
他的话意味着他会毫不迟疑地去帮助你们。
They didn't mean to go and help you.
他们不打算去帮助你们。
四、可接动名词的主动形式和动词不定式的被动形式的词
need、want、require等动词作“需要”讲，且主语为“某事物”时，后面跟动名词的主动形式或跟动词不定式的被动形式，都表示被动意义。
Your house needs repairing/to be repaired.
你的房子需要修理。
The problem requires solving/to be solved immediately.
这个问题需要立即予以解决。
五、有些动词，若无名词或代词作宾语，其后跟动名词作宾语；若有名词或代词作宾语，其后跟动词不定式
在动词allow、 permit、 forbid、 advise后面直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。即：allow/permit/advise doing sth.允许/同意/建议做某事；allow/permit/advise sb. to do sth.允许/同意/建议某人做某事。
I'd advise buying your tickets well in advance.
我建议你提前购票。
Allow me to congratulate you on your great success!
允许我向你伟大的成功祝贺！
达标 练案
单句语法填空
1．When I saw Tom, I stopped to_greet(greet) him, but he ignored me.
2．The thief ran away quickly to avoid being_caught(catch) by the policeman.
3．Would you mind turning(turn) down your radio a little, please
4．I remembered locking/having_locked(lock) the door, but forgot to turn off the lights.
5．My sister is considering changing(change) her job at present.
6．The old man expects to_get(get) a chance to attend the ceremony.
7．I'm really very sorry, but I didn't mean to_harm(harm) you.
8．You'd better set aside some time to practice speaking(speak) English.
9．I really appreciated being_given(give) such a good chance.
10．Finally the woman managed to_persuade(persuade) her husband to quit smoking.
课时作业(五) Section Ⅱ Using language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The smile on her face made it all worthwhile(值得做的)．
2．Please tell me if you need a blanket(毛毯)．
3．He is an enthusiastic(热心的) supporter.
4．Tom win a contest(竞赛) yesterday.
5．There is no point getting upset(心烦意乱的) about it.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．His parents won't allow him to_stay(stay) out late.
2．As a senior high school student, I'm used to getting(get) up early.
3．Try knocking(knock) at the back door and see whether he is in or not.
4．At the amusing performance, the audience couldn't help laughing(laugh)．
5．He was proud of himself for not giving up.
6．Missing the train means waiting(wait) for another hour so you must hurry up.
7．After finishing her homework, my sister went on to_do(do) some housework.
8．He bitterly regretted having(have) mentioned it yesterday.
9．He had promised to_come(come), but he didn't arrive until the meeting came to an end.
10．I enjoy playing(play) tennis.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．We should avoid making_the_same_mistake.
我们应该避免犯同样的错误。
2．They haven't decided how_to_do_it so far.
他们到现在还没有决定怎么做它。
3．Several students failed_to_reach the required standard last year.
去年有几名学生没有达到规定的标准。
4．He has got used to living_in_the_countryside.
他已经习惯住在乡下了。
5．I regret_to_tell_you that it is impossible to get there before 9 o'clock.
我很遗憾地告诉你九点前到那里是不可能的。
Ⅳ.七选五
Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage(遗产) is passed down through the generations. Yet, we fight a never ending and very expensive war to preserve it for the future. And today, it is under attack as never before. Technology is often seen as something that destroys the past. __1__.
Creating copies via 2D images is extremely laborious and time consuming. AI technologies are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing lots of images to be cross referenced and stored in hours. __2__. AI will also make the restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods.
Airborne technology (机载技术) is being increasingly used in the fight to preserve our cultural heritage. __3__.
LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) has already been used to reveal over 60,000 Mayan structures that were lying undiscovered in the jungles of Guatemala, without needing a single boot on the ground. Drones (无人机) are also being used to document and monitor huge areas and remove the need for all that costly manpower.
Human interaction with the most important sites and architecture is doing a great deal of harm. Virtual Reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. __4__， VR technology will gradually become the way that people experience them. We'll all eventually be able to walk through places, look at (and touch！) artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.
__5__. Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will need to be pooled internationally. Using the technical expertness of specialist organizations will become ever more important to sustainably promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.
A．It is being used to save and find it
B．Technology has shaped conflict in several ways
C．But it is now the most essential weapon in the battle
D．Our cultural heritage will be protected via technology
E．This will enable even better and more accurate copies to be created
F．As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded
G．When it measures distances by hitting a target and analyzing the reflected light
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科技对文化遗产保护的作用。
1．解析：根据空前“Technology is often seen as something that destroys the past. (科技通常被认为是破坏过去的东西。)”可知，前面说到了科技被认为会破坏过去的东西，而下文内容主要讲科技对于文化遗产保护等方面的作用，所以此处与前文应该是转折关系，C项(但它现在是文化遗产保护战斗中最重要的武器)起到了承上启下的过渡作用，but是一个信号词。故选C。
答案：C
2．解析：根据空前“Creating copies via 2D images is extremely laborious and time consuming. AI technologies are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing lots of images to be cross referenced and stored in hours. (通过2D图像创建副本是非常费力和耗时的。人工智能技术被用于完成所有必需的获取工作，允许在几小时内交叉引用并存储大量图像。)”可知，这里强调了人工智能技术的省时高效，这是人工智能技术的省时高效带来的好处，E项(在高效的情况下，这将能够创建更准确和更好的副本)承接上文，其中“this”指代空前一句话的内容，并引出下文的“AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods. (人工智能还将使现有文化遗产的修复和保护变得更容易，而且大大优于以往的方法。)”更多好处。故选E。
答案：E
3．解析：根据空前“Airborne technology(机载技术) is being increasingly used in the fight to preserve our cultural heritage. (在保护文化遗产的斗争中，越来越多地使用机载技术。)”A项(它被用来保存和发现更多)承接上文，其中It指代上文的“Airborne technology”。故选A。
答案：A
4．解析：根据空后的逗号可知，空处应填一从句。根据空前“Human interaction with the most important sites and architecture is doing a great deal of harm. Virtual Reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. (人类与最重要的遗址和建筑的交互正在造成巨大的危害。未来几年，虚拟现实技术将在保护我们的文化遗产方面发挥主导作用。)”可知，F项(随着越来越多的文化遗址和文物被数字化测绘和记录)承接上文，并引出下文的“VR technology will gradually become the way that people experience them(VR技术将逐渐成为人们体验它们的方式)”。故选F。
答案：F
5．解析：空处位于段首，是本段的主旨句。根据空后“Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will need to be pooled internationally. Using the technical expertness of specialist organizations will become ever more important to sustainably promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world. (在研究、数据共享和项目工作方面的努力需要在国际上集中起来。利用专家组织的技术专长对可持续地促进和保护世界各国的文化遗产将变得越来越重要。)”可知，空后主要内容是围绕着国际在技术合作的共同努力保护越来越多的文化遗产所要做的努力，D项(我们的文化遗产将通过技术来保护)能够概括下文内容，空后的Efforts指的是通过技术合作保护文化遗产。故选D。
答案：D
Ⅴ.完形填空
I grew up knowing I was different, and I hated it. I was born with a cleft lip (唇腭裂). My classmates often __1__ me. By the age of seven, I __2__ that no one outside my family could ever love me. Then I entered the second grade, Mrs Leonard's class. Everyone loved her. But no one __3__ her more than I did for a special reason.
The time came for the yearly “__4__ tests” given at our school. I was __5__ able to hear anything out of one ear, and was not about to tell people another problem that would make me __6__. So I decided to __7__.
I had learned to __8__ the other children and raise my hand when they did during group testing. The “hearing test”， however, required a different kind of trick. Each child would go to the door of the classroom, __9__ one ear with a hand and the teacher would speak something from her desk very __10__， which the child next to her would __11__. Then the same thing was done for the other __12__. I had discovered before that nobody __13__ to see how tightly the untested ear was being covered, so I only __14__ to cover my good ear.
My turn came. I turned my bad ear to Mrs Leonard. I __15__， and then heard the words that God had surely put into her mouth; seven words that changed my life forever. Mrs Leonard, the pretty teacher I adored, said softly, “I wish you were my little girl.”
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个自卑的唇腭裂小女孩受尽同学们的嘲笑，但是在一次听力测试中老师对她说的七个字改变了她的一生。
1．A.ran into B．looked after
C．laughed at D．referred to
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的同学经常嘲笑我。A.ran into遇到；B.looked after照顾；C.laughed at嘲笑；D.referred to指的是。由上文“I was born with a cleft lip (唇腭裂)．”可知，作者有唇腭裂，所以同学们都嘲笑她。故选C。
答案：C
2．A.imagined B．hoped
C．showed D．believed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：七岁的时候，我认为除了我的家人没有人会爱我。A.imagined想象；B.hoped希望；C.showed展示；D.believed认为。由下文“that no one outside my family could ever love me”和上文提到的同学们都嘲笑作者可知，作者认为除了家人没有人爱她。故选D。
答案：D
3．A.loved B．influenced
C．missed D．admired
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是没有人比我更爱她因为一个特殊的原因。A.loved爱；B.influenced影响；C.missed错误；D.admired钦佩。由上文“Everyone loved her”和最后一段中“Mrs Leonard, the pretty teacher I adored”可知，作者也爱Leonard老师。故选A。
答案：A
4．A.reading B．hearing
C．singing D．writing
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了我们学校每年举行“听力测试”的时候了。A.reading阅读；B.hearing听到；C.singing唱歌；D.writing写作。由下文“hearing test”可知，此处指听力测试。故选B。
答案：B
5．A.luckily B．certainly
C．hardly D．easily
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的一只耳朵几乎听不到任何东西，我也不打算告诉别人我与众不同的另一个问题。A.luckily幸运的是；B.certainly肯定地；C.hardly几乎不；D.easily简单地。由下文 “tell people another problem”可知，除了唇腭裂，作者听力也有问题，一只耳朵几乎听不见东西。故选C。
答案：C
6．A.brave B．terrible
C．ordinary D．different
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.brave勇敢的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.ordinary普通的；D.different不同的。由上文“I was __5__ able to hear anything out of one ear, and was not about to tell people another problem that would make me”可知，作者一只耳朵几乎听不到任何东西，这是她与别人的不同之处。故选D。
答案：D
7．A.cheat B．adapt
C．hide D．join
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定作弊。A.cheat作弊；B.adapt适应；C.hide隐藏；D.join加入。由上文“was not about to tell people another problem that would make me”可知，作者不想告诉别人自己听力有问题，于是决定在听力测试中决定作弊。故选A。
答案：A
8．A.examine B．observe
C．help D．inspire
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经学会观察其他孩子，并在他们做小组测试时举手。A.examine检查；B.observe观察；C.help帮助；D.inspire鼓舞。由下文“the other children and raise my hand when they did during group testing”和上文提到的作者一只耳朵几乎听不见可知，作者学会观察其他孩子。故选B。
答案：B
9．A.clean B．cover
C．catch D．pull
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个孩子都会走到教室的门口，用手捂住一只耳朵，老师会从她的课桌上轻轻地说一些话，她旁边的孩子会重复这些话。A.clean清理；B.cover捂住；C.catch抓住；D.pull拉。由下文“see how tightly the untested ear was being covered”可知，在听力测试时，被测试者要捂住耳朵。故选B。
答案：B
10．A.warmly B．quickly
C．sadly D．quietly
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.warmly温暖地；B.quickly快速地；C.sadly伤心地；D.quietly轻轻地。由上文“the teacher would speak something from her desk very”可知，听力测试是为了测试孩子能不能听见，所以应该是轻轻地说话，看看孩子的听力能力。故选D。
答案：D
11．A.review B．record
C．repeat D．remember
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同9题。A.review复习；B.record记录；C.repeat重复；D.remember记住。由上文“which the child next to her would”可知，在听力测试时，老师让被测试者捂住一只耳朵，然后轻轻地说话，接着让被测试者重复这些话，如果孩子能重复这些话，说明孩子能听得见。故选C。
答案：C
12．A.ear B．hand
C．teacher D．desk
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后另一只耳朵也要做同样的事。A.ear耳朵；B.hand手；C.teacher老师；D.desk桌子。由上文“one ear”和“Then the same thing was done for the other”可知，听力测试应该是测试两只耳朵。故选A。
答案：A
13．A.liked B．needed
C．intended D．checked
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我之前发现，没有人会检查那只未经测试的耳朵被盖得有多紧，所以我只是假装盖住我那只完好的耳朵。A.liked喜欢；B.needed需要；C.intended打算；D.checked检查。由下文“to see how tightly the untested ear was being covered”可知，在听力测试时，没有人检查耳朵被捂得有多严实。故选D。
答案：D
14．A.pretended B．happened
C．agreed D．cared
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.pretended假装；B.happened发生；C.agreed同意；D.cared关心。由上文提到的作者决定在听力测试时作弊可知，作者假装捂住自己的耳朵。故选A。
答案：A
15．A.turned B．sweated
C．waited D．stayed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我等待着，然后听到了那肯定是上帝让她说的话；这七个字永远地改变了我的生活。A.turned转变；B.sweated出汗；C.waited等待；D.stayed保持。由上文“I turned my bad ear to Mrs Leonard.”可知，作者走到老师前面准备要接受听力测试，即等着老师轻轻地说话。故选C。
答案：C
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
原文 呈现
Three Days to See
I have often thought it would be a blessing① [1]if_each_human_being_were_stricken_blind_and_deaf_for_a_few_days_at_some_time_during_his_early_adult_life. Darkness would make him more appreciative② of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound.
读文 清障
①blessing /'bles / n. 幸事，幸运
②appreciative / 'pri t v/
adj. 感激的
[1]if引导的条件状语从句。
假如给我三天光明
我常常思忖，如果每个人在成年生活的初期都有一段时间看不见、听不见，那会是一件幸运的事情。因为黑暗会使他更感激能够看见，静默能教会他享受声音的美妙
原文 呈现
Now and then③ I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently, I asked a friend [2]who_had_just_returned_from_a_long_walk_in_the_woods what she had observed. “Nothing in particular④，” she replied.
读文 清障
③now and then时常；偶尔
④in particular特别；尤其
[2]who引导的定语从句，修饰a friend。
我时常考验我看得见的朋友们来发现他们看到了什么。最近，我问一个从林子里散步了许久回来的朋友观察到了什么。她答道：“没什么特别的。
原文 呈现
How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of⑤ note I [3]who_cannot_see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere⑥ touch. If I can get so much pleasure from touch, how much more beauty must be revealed by sight And I have imagined [4]what_I_should_most_like_to_see if I were given the use of my eyes, say for just three days.
读文 清障
⑤worthy of 值得……的
worthy /'w i/ adj. 值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的
⑥mere /m / adj. 仅仅，只不过
[3]who引导的定语从句，修饰I。
[4]what引导的宾语从句，作imagine的宾语。
我问自己，在林子里散步一小时之久却没有看到任何值得注意的东西，这怎么可能呢？我一个看不见的人，仅仅通过触觉就能发现成百上千个引起我兴趣的东西。如果仅仅通过触觉我就能得到如此多的快乐，那么通过视觉能展现多少更美好的事物呢？我想象过，如果我能被恢复视觉，哪怕只有三天，我最希望看到什么。
原文 呈现
On the first day, I should want to see the people whose kindness and gentleness⑦ and companionship⑧ have made my life worth living. I do not know what it is to see into the heart of a friend through that “window of the soul”， the eye. I can only “see” through my fingertips⑨ the outline⑩ of a face. I should like to see the books which have been read to me, and which have revealed to me the deepest channels of human life and the human spirit. In the afternoon I should take a long walk in the woods and intoxicate my eyes on the beauties of the world of nature. That night, I should not be able to sleep.
读文 清障
⑦gentleness /'d entln s/ n. 和蔼，温和
⑧companionship /k m'p nj n p/ n. 友谊；友好交往
⑨fingertip /'f ɡ t p/ n. 指尖
⑩outline /'a tla n/ n. 外形，轮廓
intoxicate / n't ks ke t/ v. 使兴奋，使陶醉
在第一天，我应该想见几个人，他们用善良、和蔼和友谊让我的生命有活下去的意义。我不知道通过“心灵的窗户”——眼睛来了解一个朋友的内心是怎样一种体验。我只能通过我的指尖“看见”朋友的面部轮廓。我应该还要看书，那些别人读给我的书，那些为我揭示了人生和人类精神的最深刻奥秘的书。在下午，我应该要在树林中散步，并且让我的目光陶醉在大自然世界的美景中。那个夜晚，我应该会夜不能寐。
原文 呈现
On my second day, I should like to see the pageant of man's progress, and I should go to the museums. I should try to probe into the soul of man through his art. The things [5]I_knew_through_touch I should now see. The evening of my second day I should spend at a theater or at the movies.
读文 清障
the pageant of (历史事件的)缤纷场景
pageant /'p d ( )nt/ n. 盛大的(露天)演出
probe /pr b/ v. 调查；探究
[5]省略了that或which的定语从句，修饰The things。
在我的第二天，我应该想看人类发展的奇观，而且我应该会去博物馆。我应该要尝试通过人类的艺术探究人类的灵魂。那些之前通过触摸知晓的事物，我现在应该要亲眼看一看。在我的第二天的傍晚，我应该要在剧院或电影院度过。
原文 呈现
The following morning, I should again greet the dawn ， anxious to discover new delights ， new revelations of beauty. Today I shall spend in the workaday world, amid the haunts of men going about the business of life.
读文 清障
dawn /d n/ n. 黎明，破晓
delight /d 'la t/ n. 使人高兴的事
revelation / rev 'le ( )n/ n. 展现，显示
workaday /'w k de / adj. 平凡的；平淡的
amid / 'm d/ prep. 在……之中
haunt /h nt/ n. (某人)常去的地方
接下来的第三天清晨，我将再次迎接黎明，急切地去发现新的快乐，新的美的展示。这天我将在平凡的世界里度过，在为生活奔波的人们常去的地方度过。
原文 呈现
At midnight permanent night would close in on me again. Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen.
读文 清障
permanent /'p m n nt/ adj. 长久的；永久的
descend /d 'send/ v. 降临；来临
在午夜，永恒的黑暗将再次把我笼罩。唯有当黑暗再次降临到我身上时，我才意识到我还有多少东西没有看到。
原文 呈现
I who am blind can give one hint to those who see: Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind. And the same method can be applied to the other senses. Hear the music of voices, the song of a bird, the mighty strains of an orchestra， as if you would be stricken deaf tomorrow. Touch each object you want to touch as if tomorrow your tactile sense would fail. Smell the perfume of flowers, taste with relish each morsel， as if tomorrow you could never smell and taste again. But of all the senses, I am sure that sight must be the most delightful.
(Excerpts from “Three Days to See” by Helen Keller)
读文 清障
mighty /'ma ti/ adj. 强有力的；雄伟的
strains of 音乐的曲调或旋律
orchestra /' k str / n. (大型的)管弦乐队
tactile /'t kta l/ adj. 触觉的
perfume /'p fju m/ n. 香味
relish /'rel / n. 享受，乐趣
morsel /'m s( )l/ n. (尤指食物的)一小片，一小块
delightful /d 'la tf( )l/ adj. 令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
我，一个盲人，可以给那些看得见的人一个忠告：要像明天就要惨遭失明之痛一样去使用你的眼睛。同样的方法也能用于其他感官：要像明天就要惨遭失聪之痛一样去仔细聆听音乐的旋律、鸟儿的歌唱和交响乐的震撼音符；要像明天就会触觉衰退一样去触摸你想摸的每件物品；要像明天就会丧失嗅觉和味觉一样，去闻鲜花的芬香，品尝美味佳肴。但是，在所有的感觉中，我相信，视觉一定是最令人愉快的。
(节选自海伦·凯勒的《假如给我三天光明》
基础 自测
Ⅰ.重点单词
基础词汇
1．companionship n. 友谊；友好交往
2．fingertip n. 指尖
3．outline n. 外形，轮廓
4．dawn n. 黎明，破晓
5．intoxicate v. 使兴奋，使陶醉
6．pageant n. 盛大的(露天)演出
7．probe v. 调查；探究
8．revelation n. 展现，显示
9．workaday adj. 平凡的；平淡的
10．amid prep. 在……之中
11．haunt n. (某人)常去的地方
12．descend v. 降临；来临
13．mighty adj. 强有力的；雄伟的
14．orchestra n. (大型的)管弦乐队
15．tactile adj. 触觉的
16．perfume n. 香味
17．relish n. 享受，乐趣
18．morsel n. (尤指食物的)一小片，一小块
拓展词汇
1．worthy adj. 值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的→worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的→worth adj. 值得；有价值
2．blessing n. 幸事，幸运→bless v. 祝福
3．appreciative adj. 感激的→appreciate v. 感激→appreciation n. 感激，欣赏
4．mere adj. 仅仅，只不过→merely adv. 仅仅，只
5．gentleness n. 和蔼，温和→gentle adj. 温和的→gently adv. 温和地
6．permanent adj. 长久的；永久的→permanently adv. 永久地
7．embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的→embarrass vt. 使尴尬→embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．in_particular 尤其，特别
2．knock_over 撞倒
3．pick_up 拾起，捡起
4．be_aware_of 意识到
5．be worthy of 值得……的
6．ups and downs 起起伏伏
7．now and then 时而，有时
8．be able to do sth. 能够做某事
Ⅲ.重点句型
Only when darkness had again descended upon me should_I_realize how much I had left unseen.
唯有当黑暗再次降临到我身上时，我才意识到我还有多少东西没有看到。
语篇 细研
Ⅰ.根据课文内容选择最佳选项
1．We can infer from the third paragraph that ________.
A．Keller would like to walk through the woods
B．Keller was shocked at her friend's words
C．Keller liked touching some beautiful things
D．Keller also thought that nothing was worthy of note
答案：B
2．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage
A．Keller thought that silence would teach a person the joys of sound.
B．Keller wished that she could see the kind people with her eyes.
C．Keller wished that she could spend the evening at a theater or at the movies.
D．Keller wasn't eager to discover the new delights.
答案：D
3．What's the main idea of the last paragraph
A．Keller liked listening to the song of a bird.
B．Keller liked touching each object in the morning.
C．Keller thought sight must be the most delightful of all the senses.
D．Keller liked smelling the perfume of flowers.
答案：C
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
Helen Keller wrote a book, Three Days to See, in 1.which she expressed what she would have done if she 2.had_been(be) given the use of her eyes for just three days.
On the first day, she should most like to see the people whose kindness, 3.gentleness(gentle) and companionship have made her life worth 4.living(live). She should see the 5.books(book) which have been read to her, and which have revealed to her the deepest channels of human life and the human spirit. In the afternoon, she should take 6.a long walk in the woods, intoxicating 7.her(she) eyes on the beauties of the world of nature.
On her second day, she should like to go to the museums, trying to probe(探查) into the soul of man through his art. She should spend the evening at a theater or at the movies.
On the third day, she should again 8.eagerly(eager) greet the dawn, anxious 9.to_discover(discover) new delights and beauty. She should spend the day in the workaday world, amid the haunts of men going about the business of life.
At midnight, permanent night would close in 10.on her and only then should she realize how much she had left unseen.
词汇 精讲
1．appreciative adj. 感激的
[教材P26]Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight... 因为黑暗会使他更感激能够看见……
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
I would appreciate it if you could agree to that.
如果你能同意，我将感激不尽。
appreciate后接动名词作宾语，不接不定式，而且不能用于进行时 巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)He was enthusiastic about my business and I was appreciative of it.
(2)I would appreciate(appreciative) it if you could tell me the way to my English teacher's home.
(3)I would appreciate it if you paid in cash.
(4)We will do something for you in appreciation(appreciate) of your timely help.
2．now and then 时而，有时
[教材P26]Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see.我时常考验我看得见的朋友们来发现看他们看到了什么。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
Up to now he's been very quiet.
到目前为止，他一直很安静。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)Snakes came near the house now_and_then,_which made my mother frightened.
时而有蛇爬到房子附近，这使得妈妈很害怕。
(2)I appreciated his help and determined to do more worthwhile things from_now_on.
我很感激他的帮助，并且决心从今以后做更有意义的事情。
(3)The program has saved many people up_to_now.
到目前为止，这个项目已经挽救了很多人。
(4)Now_that I'm well again, I can go on with my work.
既然我再次恢复了健康，那么我就可以继续工作了。
3．knock over 打翻；撞倒
[教材P30]Because we couldn't see where anything was, my friend and I knocked over glasses and dropped food.因为我们看不见东西在哪里，所以我的朋友和我会打翻杯子，把食物掉在地上。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
The man is knocked down by the bicycle.
这个男人被自行车撞倒了。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)Unfortunately, Roy's father was knocked over/down by a car.
(2)These old buildings will sooner or later be knocked down.
(3)He spent a few years knocking around Europe.
(4)If you buy more than ten，they will knock 20 pence off the price.
4．embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的
[教材P31]I felt embarrassed，even though no one could see me.即使没人看见我，我也会觉得尴尬。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
Embarrassment caused the speaker to hesitate.
困窘使演讲人话语吞吐。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)Mary gave me an embarrassed(embarrass) smile when I asked where she'd been.
(2)I knocked over the nice cup, which made me very embarrassed(embarrass)．
(3)He was embarrassed about/at his mistakes, so he locked himself in his room.
(4)Obviously, it is an embarrassing(embarrass) situation for most of us.
(5)Much to her embarrassment(embarrassed) she realized that everybody had been listening to her singing.
一句多译
让我尴尬的是我的文章中有很多错误。
(6)What_made_me_embarrassed was that there were many mistakes in my article.(embarrassed)
(7)It_embarrassed_me_that there were many mistakes in my article.(embarrass)
(8)To_my_embarrassment,_there were many mistakes in my article.(embarrassment)
5．aware adj. 意识到；知道；明白；发现
[教材P31]However, I still left the restaurant feeling hungry, though I was much more aware of the challenges that blind people face.然而，当我离开餐馆时，我仍然感到饥饿，尽管我更加清楚盲人所面临的挑战。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
Dogs began to bark, aware of our approach.
狗察觉到我们的靠近，叫了起来。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)The aim of the activity is to raise people's awareness(aware) of environment protection.
(2)She was not aware of what had happened.
完成句子
(3)As far as I am_aware,_he has just moved here.
据我所知，他刚搬来这里。
(4)You should be_aware_that this job is not easy to get.
你应该知道这份工作不容易得到。
(5)Everybody should be_made_aware_of the risks involved.
每个人都应该意识到相关的风险。
句型 精析
“only＋状语/状语从句”引起部分倒装
Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen.[教材P28]
唯有当黑暗再次降临到我身上时，我才意识到我还有多少东西没有看到。
句法分析
本句中的“Only when... upon me”位于句首，主句需部分倒装，所以情态动词should提到主语I的前面。
归纳拓展
当“only＋状语/状语从句”位于句首时，主句要部分倒装，即把主句中的情态动词、be动词或助动词提到主语前面。only 后接主语或宾语位于句首时，句子不用倒装。
佳句背诵
Only by working hard can you succeed.
只有努力工作你才能成功。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)Only after the lesson did_she_discover that she had lost her handbag.
下课后她才发现自己的手提包丢了。
(2)Only when the war was over did_the_young_soldier_return_to his hometown.
只有当战争结束的时候，这位年轻的战士才回到了他的家乡。
(3)Only in this way can_she_help us to solve this problem.
只有用这种方式她才能帮助我们解决这个问题。
(4)Only then did_he_realize that he was wrong.
只有在那时他才意识到他错了。
(5)Only our_teacher_can help us solve this problem.
只有我们的老师才能帮助我们解决这个问题。
达标 练案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What is just beyond my wildest imagination is fortune should bless me with a chance to realize my dream.
2．We have been very appreciative of their support.
3．Bamboo Forest is the worthiest sight in Kyoto.
4．It's not merely(仅仅) a job, but a way of life.
5．Draw an outline of your garden or yard space.
6．Having learned with delight(高兴) that you are coming to Beijing for a visit this July, I'm writing to offer my suggestions concerning your one day trip in Beijing.
7．The accident has not done any permanent(永久的) damage.
8．I was embarrassed at the sight of a low A and felt pressured to keep an outward image of perfection.
9．They start work at dawn(黎明)．
Ⅱ.短语填空
in particular； persuade sb. to； care about； knock sb. over； pick up； be aware of； make use of； now and then
1.Don't be afraid of problems, but make_use_of it to be the best of ourselves!
2．During the following days, I got the same call now_and_then.
3．All the candidates are excellent, but I like the last one in_particular—his experience is just what we need at the moment.
4．Her parents thought she was too young for the violin, and persuaded_her_to start on the piano.
5．My parents still cared_about me, but I was no longer the center of the universe.
6．Even walking on the street and lightly bumping(撞) into somebody brings back memories from Becky's childhood, when a boy knocked_her_over.
7．If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick_up litter.
8．The citizens of one farm village are/were_aware_of this.
描述一次经历
技法 指导
描述一次经历是以记人叙事为主要内容，并且需要用以叙述为主要表达方式的文体。在写作时，要交代清楚时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)和事件(what)，然后再进一步叙述事件(what)、原因(why)和过程(how)。
1．写作时应注意的问题：
(1)正确运用时态。最常用到的时态是一般过去时和过去进行时，但也要注意灵活运用其他时态。
(2)常用第一人称，从“参与者”的角度进行叙述。
(3)重视句子的衔接，正确运用过渡词。
(4)话题通常和考生的日常生活有关，如校园生活、旅游、交通、交友等，平时要注意积累这些方面的词汇和短语。
2．写作的一般步骤：
(1)交代此次经历发生的时间、地点与相关人物。
(2)推动情节发展，描述事情经过。
(3)介绍此次经历的结果或谈谈自己的感想。
增分 佳句
1．Last week, an exchange student called... from... came to our school.
上周，一个名叫……来自……的交换生来到我们校。
2．Last weekend, our school invited a craftsman to teach us...
上个星期，我们学校邀请了一位工匠来教我们……
3．In order to help him/her to know more about Chinese culture, I prepared a series of activities.
为了帮助他(她)了解更多的中国文化，我准备了一系列活动。
4．What surprised/attracted/delighted us most was that...
最让我们惊喜/吸引我们/使我们高兴的是……
5．Through this meanin
