Unit 4 Meeting the muse
单元目标解读 ·学科素养达成
[单元目标]
单元课程探究 单元内容分析
Starting out & Understanding ideas 活动1要求学生通过观看一段有关Leonardo da Vinci的视频，了解Leonardo da Vinci的成长之路和艺术灵感的来源及他的部分作品。活动2要求学生看Richard Wagner、莫言、Auguste Rodin和Pablo Picasso四位名人的照片，理解他们的名言。本板块旨在导入灵感的来源这一话题。 本单元的主题语境是“人与社会”， 涉及的主题语境内容是艺术的灵感。本单元介绍了不同领域的世界名人，如画家Leonardo de Vinci、Pablo Picasso，雕塑家Auguste Rodin，诺贝尔获奖作家莫言，视觉艺术家Florentijn Hofman，作曲家谭盾和舞蹈家杨丽萍等，讲述了这些名人的著名作品和他们获得灵感的来源，还介绍了这些名人的感悟；同时，本单元也探讨了科技和艺术之间的关系。
Grammar 不定式、动名词、分词作表语
Developing ideas 介绍了美国艺术家Janet Echelman的“技术流”作品，艺术与现代科技相结合的数字版《清明上河图》等，探讨了艺术和科技之间的关系。
Writing an invitation 如何写一封邀请函
单元核心素养 本单元旨在通过“艺术”这一话题，引入相关词汇与语法结构，实现单元总目标，即引导学生在了解这些名人的成功事迹后，能勇于探索生活，创造和发现生活的美，发现自己的人生价值，用执着的精神去实现人生理想。
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
原文 呈现
What inspires you
Every artist's wish is to create something [1]that_expresses_an_idea. But where do artists get their ideas from Who or what inspires them Here we find out more about the influences behind the successes of three very different artists.
Florentijn Hofman, visual artist
Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch① artist, [2]whose_large_sculptures_are_on_display_all_over_the_world. One way for him to find inspiration is [3]turning_to_his_children's_toys. These objects have given him ideas for his animal sculptures, such as the famous Rubber Duck. A more recent work of his is the huge Floating② Fish, which was set among the beautiful landscape of Wuzhen West Scenic Zone.
Hofman's inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales③ [4]passed_down_through_the_ generations. He was particularly interested in the old story about a fish jumping through the “Dragon Gate”. This story came to life for Hofman when he visited Wuzhen and saw how people lived there.
“During the walk and my stay here in the town, I saw the fish being fed by people. You see also some fish sculpted on the wall.” These sights set Hofman's idea for Floating Fish in motion④.
读文 清障
①Dutch /d t / adj. 荷兰的
②float /fl t/ v. 浮，漂
③folk tale 民间故事
folk /f k/ adj. 民间的，民俗的
④set... in motion 使……开始
motion /'m ( )n/ n. 动，运动
[1]that引导的定语从句，修饰something。
[2]whose引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰artist。
[3]动名词短语作表语。
[4]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Chinese folk tales。
什么赋予你灵感？
每位艺术家的愿望都是创作出能表达思想的作品。但艺术家们的这些想法从何而来？是谁，抑或是什么启发了他们？下面，我们进一步发掘三位截然不同的艺术家成功背后的影响因素。
弗洛伦泰因·霍夫曼，视觉艺术家
弗洛伦泰因·霍夫曼是一位荷兰艺术家，他的大型雕塑在世界各地展出。他寻找灵感的一个方法是转向他的孩子们的玩具。这些物品带给他创作动物雕塑的灵感，比如著名的《大黄鸭》。他最近的新作是一条巨大的《浮鱼》，陈列于风景宜人的乌镇西栅景区内。
霍夫曼的《浮鱼》的灵感源自世代相传的中国民间故事。他对鲤鱼跃“龙门”的古老故事尤其感兴趣。当他游览乌镇，看到当地居民的生活时，这个故事变得生动了。
“我在乌镇逗留期间，当我散步的时候，看到人们在喂鱼。你也可以看到墙上的鱼形浮雕。”这些景象让霍夫曼渐渐有了创作“浮鱼”的想法
原文 呈现
Tan Dun, composer
“There is no territory in the world of music.” These are the words of Chinese composer Tan Dun. He is most widely known for composing⑤ music for the film Crouching⑥ Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics.
[5]To_listen_to_Tan's_music is to experience a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences. Since his first opera, Nine Songs, Tan Dun has been using a combination⑦ of Chinese music and sounds from all over the world to tell stories. [6]As_Tan_once_said,_Chinese music should carry⑧ “universal expression” of the human spirit so as to⑨ be recognised by the whole world.
读文 清障
⑤compose /k m'p z/ v. 作(曲)
⑥crouch /kra t / v. 蹲下；蹲伏
⑦combination n．结合体；混合物
⑧carry v. 具有(某品质或特点)
⑨so as to以便；为了
[5]不定式短语作主语。
[6]As引导的非限制性定语从句。
谭盾，作曲家
“音乐没有国界。”中国作曲家谭盾如是说。他因为为电影《卧虎藏龙》和2008年北京奥运会创作音乐而广为人知。,聆听谭盾的音乐，就是在感受中国音乐传统和西方影响的交融。从他的第一部歌剧《九歌》开始，谭盾一直结合中国音乐和来自世界各地的乐音讲述故事。正如谭盾所说，中国音乐要承载人文精神的“共同理念”，才能被世界认可。
原文 呈现
Yang Liping, dancer
Yang Liping's passion is dancing. After winning a national competition in 1986 with her Spirit of the Peacock⑩ dance, she has been known as the “Peacock Princess ”. The inspiration for her famous dances has come from the time [7]she_spent_in_Xishuangbanna,_Yunnan_Province.
“I feel very grateful for the years in Xishuangbanna，” says Yang. “It gave me a chance [8]to go deeper into the lives of various ethnic groups... Our ethnic groups, especially the Dai people, admire the peacock. They think the peacock represents the beauty of nature. I especially like the dance style of the Dai people and it gives me lots of inspiration. My dance comes from their traditional belief and aims to bring out the Dai women's beauty.”
读文 清障
⑩peacock /'pi k k/ n. (雄)孔雀
princess / pr n'ses/ n. 公主
ethnic /'eθn k/ adj. 民族的
represent v. 代表
belief n. 信念；信仰
bring out使显现；使表现出
[7]省略了that/which的定语从句，修饰time。
[8]不定式短语作后置定语，修饰chance。
杨丽萍，舞蹈家
杨丽萍热爱舞蹈。1986年，她凭借《雀之灵》在全国舞蹈大赛上折桂，此后，她成为了家喻户晓的“孔雀公主”。她许多著名舞蹈作品的灵感都来源于她在云南西双版纳度过的时光。
杨丽萍说：“我很感激在西双版纳的那些年，它让我有机会深入到各个民族的生活里面……我们的少数民族，尤其是傣族人民，特别喜爱孔雀。他们认为孔雀展现了自然之美。我特别喜欢傣族人的舞蹈风格，这给了我很多灵感。我的舞蹈来源于他们的传统信仰，目的是展现傣族女性的美”。
基础 自测
Ⅰ.重点单词
基础词汇
1．quote n. 引文，引语
2．float v. 浮，漂
3．folk adj. 民间的，民俗的
4．princess n. 公主
5．ethnic adj. 民族的
6．Dutch adj. 荷兰的
7．motion n. 动，运动
8．crouch v. 蹲下；蹲伏
9．peacock n. (雄)孔雀
拓展词汇
compose v. 作(曲)→composition n. 作文；作曲；作品→composer n. 作曲家
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．on_display 在展出
2．turn_to 转向……
3．pass_down 流传，世代相传
4．be_known_as... 作为……而出名
5．bring_out 使显现；出版
6．folk tale 民间故事
7．set... in motion 使……开始
8．come to life 复活；恢复生机
Ⅲ.重点句型
Since his first opera, Nine Songs, Tan Dun has_been_using a combination of Chinese music and sounds from all over the world to tell stories.
从他的第一部歌剧《九歌》开始，谭盾一直结合中国音乐和来自世界各地的乐音讲述故事。
语篇 细研
Ⅰ.根据课文内容选择最佳选项
1．Florentijn Hofman's inspiration for his animal sculptures comes from ________.
A．his children B．Chinese folk tales
C．his children's toys D．his own childhood
答案：C
2．How many works of Hofman are mentioned in the passage
A．One. B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
答案：B
3．Who is most widely known for composing music for the film
A．Tan Dun. B．Nie Er.
C．Xian Xinghai. D．Tian Han.
答案：A
4．Yang Liping owes her passion for dance to the years she spent in ________.
A．Dali B．Lijiang
C．Kunming D．Xishuangbanna
答案：D
5．Where would you most likely find the passage
A．An artist biography.
B．An art magazine.
C．An online art forum.
D．A poster for an art festival.
答案：B
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
Every artist's wish is 1.to_create(create) something that expresses an idea.
Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist and his large sculptures are on display all over the world. One way for him to find inspiration is 2.turning(turn) to his children's toys. These objects have given him ideas 3.for his animal sculptures, such as the famous Rubber Duck. Hofman's inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales 4.passed(pass) down through the generations. When he visited Wuzhen, the sights he 5.saw(see) set his idea for Floating Fish in motion.
Tan Dun is most 6.widely(wide) known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics. To listen to Tan's music is to experience 7.a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences. In his opinion, Chinese music should carry “universal 8.expression(express)” of the human spirit 9.to_be_recognised(recognise) by the whole world.
Yang Liping has been known as the “Peacock Princess”. The inspiration for her famous dances has come from the time she spent in Xishuangbanna. In her opinion, her dance comes from the Dai people's traditional belief 10.and aims to bring out the Dai women's beauty.
词汇 精讲
1．turn to转向……；翻到；求助于
[教材P51]One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children's toys.他寻找灵感的一个方法是转向他的孩子们的玩具。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
Solids turn to liquids at certain temperatures.
固体在一定温度下转变成液体。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)Please turn_to the kind hearted woman for help when you lack confidence.
当你缺乏信心时，请向这位好心肠的女士求助。
(2)He turned_around and saw a crowd of kids running to him.
他转过身，看到一群孩子向他跑过来。
(3)He's still hoping that the girl he's fond of will turn_up.
他仍希望他喜欢的那个女孩会出现。
(4)The elegant woman turned_in the wallet she had picked up on the way.
那位优雅的女士上交了在路上捡到的钱包。
(5)Tom had to turn_down the invitation to the party last weekend.
汤姆上周不得不拒绝了参加派对的邀请。
2．pass down流传，世代相传
[教材P51]Hofman's inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales passed down through the generations.霍夫曼的《浮鱼》的灵感源自世代相传的中国民间故事。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
They often use folksongs to pass down their history.
他们经常借用民歌来传递历史。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)She wants to pass_down what she has learned to other kids when she grows up.
她长大后想把自己所学的东西传给别的孩子。
(2)Three hours passing_by,_I became more and more impatient.
三个小时过去了，我变得越来越不耐烦。
(3)Please pass_on the news to as many people as possible.
请把这个消息传给尽可能多的人。
(4)When he was passing_through the crowd, he saw his old father.
在他穿过人群时，他看到了他的老父亲。
3．come to life变得生动；变得活跃；(仿佛活着)开始动起来；苏醒过来
[教材P51]This story came to life for Hofman when he visited Wuzhen and saw how people lived there.当他游览乌镇，看到当地人的生活时，这个故事变得生动了。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
All these flowers come to life when the rains come.
下雨的时候，这些花都恢复了生机。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)When the girl finally came_to_life we began to breathe easily.
当这个女孩最终苏醒时，我们松了一口气。
(2)The rich man is always leading/living_a_simple_life.
这个有钱人一直在过着简朴的生活。
(3)Flowers can bring a dull room to_life.
鲜花可使沉闷的房间更生动。
4．be known/famous for... 因为……而出名
[教材P51]He is most widely known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics.他因为为电影《卧虎藏龙》和2008年北京奥运会作曲而最广为人知。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
Guilin is known for its beautiful mountains and rivers.
桂林因其美丽的山水而闻名。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)The scientist is_known/famous_for his great discovery.
这位科学家因他伟大的发现而出名。
(2)The writer named Mo Yan is_known/famous_to most Chinese.
大多数中国人都知道作家莫言。
(3)The young man named Lang Lang is_known/famous_as a pianist.
那个叫郎朗的年轻人作为钢琴家而出名。
句型转换
(4)As he is known for his humour, he is liked by most children.(用非谓语动词改写)
→Known_for_his_humour,_he is liked by most children.
5．bring out 展现；使显现；出版
[教材P52]My dance comes from their traditional belief and aims to bring out the Dai women's beauty.我的舞蹈来源于他们的传统信仰，目的是展现傣族女性的美。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
I want to bring out clearly all the issues that are involved.
我想把所有涉及的问题都清楚地提出来。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)The examples bring_out the meaning of this word.
这些例子显示了这个单词的意思。
(2)What brought_about the change in his attitude
什么导致了他态度的变化？
(3)I tried to get them to_bring_down the price, but they refused.
我努力让他们降价，但是他们拒绝了。
(4)The sale of the house only brought_in
about $45,000.
卖房子只赚了45 000美元。
(5)People laughed at me when I first brought_up the idea.
当我第一次提出这个主意时，大家都嘲笑我。
句型 精析
需用that引导的定语从句
Every artist's wish is to create something that expresses an idea.[教材P54]
每位艺术家都希望创作出能表达自己想法的作品。
句法分析
本句中关系词引导定语从句修饰先行词something，因先行词为不定代词，所以关系词只能用that，不能用which。
归纳拓展
定语从句关系词只用that不用which的情况： 1 当先行词是anything、everything、something、nothing、all、much、few、little、none、the one等不定代词时。 2 当先行词被the only、the very等词修饰时。 3 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。 4 当先行词被序数词 以及last 修饰时。 5 当先行词既有人也有物时。 6 当关系词在从句中作表语时。 7 当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复而用that。 8 句中有两个定语从句且其中一个关系代词已用which时，另一个需用that。
佳句背诵
A miracle is something that seems impossible but happens anyway.
奇迹就是看似不可能，却发生了的事情。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)This is the third letter that he has received this week.
(2)Do you know the things and persons that you have seen
(3)The only thing that you can do is to leave quietly.
(4)That is the tallest building that we have ever built in this city.
达标 练案
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．This story has been passed down from generation to generation.
2．The club is supported by a combination(combine) of people from all social classes.
3．Her sharp, aggressive tone set in motion the events that led to her downfall.
4．There are various(vary) plants in the garden.
5．The Siberian Tiger is the largest feline in the world and is known as the king of the forest.
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．Luxury brands will be_on_display with their latest collections.
2．The drowned man cannot come_to_life.
3．That very night, our secret work has been set_in_motion.
4．Surround yourself with people who love and respect you.Choose to be with the people who bring_out the best in you.
5．According to the folk_tale,_after Jack died, he was denied entrance to Heaven because of his evil ways, but he was also denied access to Hell because he had tricked the devil.
课时作业(十) Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．You can float(漂浮) very easily in the Dead Sea.
2．The man started his speech with a quote(引语) from a very famous writer.
3．All passengers are banned from getting off while the train is still in motion(运动)．
4．Beethoven composed(作曲) many famous pieces of music even after he became deaf.
5．Sometimes, imagination(想象力) is more important than knowledge in artistic creativity.
6．Qi Baishi, a well known Chinese artist(艺术家), was famous for his paintings of shrimps.
7．It's no secret that China has always been a source of inspiration(灵感) for designers.
8．The film Roman Holiday tells of a romantic story about a young princess(公主) called Anne, who fell in love with a handsome man in Rome.
9．China is famous for many different types of folk(民间的) dances, including the dragon dance and the lion dance performed during the Spring Festival.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．His noble example inspired us to_make(make) greater efforts.
2．In times of trouble, I always turn to my parents for advice.
3．The winners will get a chance to_release(release) their own single.
4．The teacher found Nancy reading(read) English when he came in.
5．His works(work) have influenced millions of people, old and young.
6．After reading(read) the text, the students went on to do the exercises.
7．My biggest wish is to_travel(travel) around the world before I'm 30 years old.
8．Though Lucy and Lily are sisters, they have little in common in terms of personality.
9．My mother, whose guiding principle in life was doing right, had a far greater influence on me.
10．To help others is to_help(help) ourselves, so don't hesitate to offer your help when others are in trouble.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Designs for the new sports hall are on_display in the library.
新体育馆的设计图展示在图书馆里。
2．Don't hesitate to_turn_to_me(for_help) whenever you need help.
无论何时你需要帮助，请随时向我求助。
3．They set the machinery in_motion.
他们将机器开动起来。
4．Pressure can bring_out the worst in people.
压力可以使人现出原形。
5．We have_been_waiting_for_him for two hours.
我们等他等了两个小时。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Listed here are four of the thousands of impressive museums around the world.
The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao in Bilbao, Spain
Built in 1997, the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is one of the newest in the world. It has transformed the industrial city of Bilbao into a travelers' desired destination. The beautiful architecture of the museum has provided a dramatic background for movies and commercials.
The Louvre in Paris, France
Probably the most famous Louvre also holds the most famous painting in the world, the “Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci. Crowds can be found any day surrounding the small, but mysterious painting of the smiling woman. But, the Louvre is much more than a home to the “Mona Lisa”. The Louvre is visited by more people each year than any other museum in the world.
The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia, America
Just opened in its new downtown location in 2012, the Barnes Foundation is “unique” in that it is a completely reproduced display from one man's private collections. Dr Albert C．Barnes started collecting art in the early 20th century and collected, among others, the largest number of original Renoir paintings in the world.
The Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy
Walking on the marbled floors feels like stepping back in time. The building itself is a beautiful palace—like structure with frescoes(湿壁画) decorating the ceilings and walls. Viewers are bowled over(印象深刻) by the works by Botticelli, such as “The Birth of Venus”. Classic artworks from nearly 1,000 years ago describe religious events of the time.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四座世界闻名的博物馆。
1．Which of the following is the most popular
A．The Louvre.
B．The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao.
C．The Barnes Foundation.
D．The Uffizi Gallery.
解析：细节理解题。根据The Louvre in Paris, France部分的“Crowds can be found any day”和“The Louvre is visited by more people each year than any other museum in the world.”可知，四座博物馆中卢浮宫的人气最高。故选A项。
答案：A
2．What makes the Barnes Foundation particular
A．Its structure. B．Its collection.
C．Its location. D．Its history.
解析：细节理解题。根据The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia, America 部分的“the Barnes Foundation is ‘unique’ in that it is a completely reproduced display from one man's private collections”可知，该博物馆的特殊之处在于其所有的展览品均是复制品。故选B项。
答案：B
3．What type of writing is this text
A．An activity poster.
B．An exhibition announcement.
C．An art show review.
D．A travel guide.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文并根据第一段的“Listed here are four of the thousands of impressive museums around the world.”可知，本文主要介绍了四个座世界闻名的博物馆的概况，所以最有可能是旅行指南。故选D项。
答案：D
Ⅴ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My husband and I recently made a cross country move to Florida with our young child Dave. It was a quiet street with few people living there. Our neighbor was an old couple, Mr Smith and Mrs Smith, both over seventy years old and energetic. They were kind enough to help us clean our house and yard, for our new home was in a mess.
Weeks before Thanksgiving arrived, my anxiety about it increased. “We should start thinking about plans for Thanksgiving dinner，” I suggested. “Don't worry about it，” my husband said, “Heat up some hot dogs, maybe some cheese, and the kid will be happy.” That sounded great. I was in relief!
In the past holidays, I had never been responsible for cooking a full Thanksgiving dinner. My job was always to bring drinks or a side dish and help clean up after the meal. But one day my son Dave happily showed his newly created turkey crafts. “Let's go on a walk and try to find a rock that looks like turkey！” Dave shouted to me, “Take me on a walk, Mommy！” The excitement was building, and I had a feeling that hot dogs were not going to be enough for my child on Thanksgiving.
“I'm going to try and prepare Thanksgiving food, Leonard，” I said to my husband late one night. He eyed me incredibly. “Are you sure？” Then he said, “Okay, then, if you think you can do it.”
I went to the grocery store early Thanksgiving morning. Unfortunately, only a huge turkey remained, so I had no choice but to buy a thirty pound turkey. I dragged (拖拽) the bagged turkey home. When my family saw it, they got a big surprise at its size. Seeing the surprise on their faces, I realized there was no way we could finish the turkey. It's too big for my family. “There was only one turkey left in the store.” I explained. “But how could we finish the turkey？” I asked my husband and Dave. Dave said we could invite our neighbor, Mr and Mrs Smith, to share with us. It seemed a good idea.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
We reached the agreement on inviting the couple. ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing my husband and I were clumsy (笨拙的) at preparing dinner, the couple offered to give us a hand. ___
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
We reached the agreement on inviting the couple. Dave was responsible for the invitation and my husband and I were in charge of preparing dinner. Realizing it would take hours to cook, we busied ourselves making an entire dinner. Soon, Mr and Mrs Smith came to my house with a big smile on their faces. They greeted us with a full bag of groceries, including some vegetables, fruits, a bottle of wine and a gift for my son.
Seeing my husband and I were clumsy (笨拙的) at preparing dinner, the couple offered to give us a hand. With the help of them, a fancy dinner was done in no time. Obviously Mrs Smith had a great talent for cooking. As a special treat, I laid out a beautiful red table cloth, candles and our best china. We gathered around the table, eating delicious Thanksgiving dinner and proposed a toast to each other's good health. What an unforgettable Thanksgiving Day!
Section Ⅱ Using language
Ⅰ.核心单词
1．abstract adj. 抽象(派)的
2．wire n. 金属丝；电线
3．innovative adj. 新颖的，创新的
4．trend n. 趋势， 动向
5．contrast n. 反差，对比
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．wire fence 铁丝网，铁丝栅栏
2．go on a trip 去旅行
3．come true 实现
4．be tired from 厌倦
5．be sure of 肯定，确定
6．check out 检验
7．take one's breath away 屏住呼吸
Ⅲ.经典结构
1．直到我们去年去Hague旅行，这个梦想才实现。
It wasn't_until we went on a trip to The Hague last year that this dream came true!
2．她的眼睛睁大，嘴巴张开，好像要说话。
Her eyes are wide and her mouth is parted, just as_if she were about to speak.
Ⅳ.必备语法
不定式、动名词、分词作表语
1．His victory in the final was no more convincing(convince) than I had expected.
2．Don't touch the glass because it is broken(break)．
3．What I would suggest is to_start (start)work at once.
词汇 精讲
1．determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的
[教材P54]．..I was determined to see the painting, which is often called the “Mona Lisa of the North”．……我决心去看这幅画，它常被称为“北方的蒙娜·丽莎”。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
As a student in senior high school, the most important task is to study hard, which determines our future.
作为一名高中生，最重要的任务是努力学习，这决定着我们的未来。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)I have determined on/upon working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.
(2)Determined (determine)to give up smoking, he threw away his remaining cigarettes.
2．voice n. 嗓音；说话声 vt. 表示，表达，吐露(感情或意见)
[教材P55]The highly skilled artist is voicing her attitude through the natural form of a storm.这位技艺高超的艺术家正以暴风雨的自然形式表达她的态度。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
She angrily voiced her objections.
她怒气冲冲地表达自己的异议。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)Although in a low voice, she said every word clearly.
(2)The singer has a sweet voice.
3．breath n. 呼吸；气息；一口气，(呼吸的)一次
[教材P56]extremely impressive so as to take one's breath away令人叹为观止
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
We all held our breath while Mr Evans announced the exam results.
埃文斯先生宣布考试成绩时，我们都屏住呼吸。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)When he hurried to the railway station, tired and out of breath, Mike found the train had just left.
(2)While climbing up the stairs the old man always loses his breath(breathe)．
4．contrast n. 反差，对比 v. 对比；(靠近或做比较时)显出明显的差异，形成对比
[教材P57]．..create a strong contrast.……形成强烈对比。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
Her actions contrasted sharply with her promises.
她的行动与她的承诺相差甚远。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful.
(2)In contrast to the previous year, the situation is much better now.
不定式、动名词、分词作表语
知识 精讲
一、不定式作表语
1．表示目的。
The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children.
教育的目的是发展儿童完美的品格。
2．表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果或预言。
You must tell me about it, if we are to remain friends.
如果我们还想继续做朋友的话，你必须告诉我那件事。
3．表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。
They are to marry next week.
他们将在下周结婚。
Children are not to smoke.
儿童不准吸烟。
You must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed.
想要成功，你就必须有耐心和毅力。
4．用于被动语态，相当于can/could、should、ought to、must具有情态意义。
You are to be rewarded.
你应该受到奖励。(should)
These books are not to be sold.
这些书不应该卖掉。(ought not to be)
5．用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求意见。
What am I to say if they ask me the question
如果他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？
二、动名词作表语
1．动名词可在句中作表语，说明主语“是什么”。句子主语通常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，主语、表语可互换位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows.
＝Cleaning the windows is your task.
你的任务就是擦窗户。
What I hate most is being laughed at.
＝Being laughed at is what I hate most.
我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
2．不定式作表语和动词 ing作表语的区别
不定式作表语强调的是一次性、具体的、将要发生的动作；而动词 ing形式作表语强调的是一般性、抽象的、经常发生的动作。但这种区别并不是绝对的，例外的情况也不少，用不定式或动名词作表语时，有时意思区别很小。
The old man's job today is to paint the walls.
这位老人今天的工作是粉刷这些墙。
The old man's job is painting the walls.
这位老人的工作是粉刷墙。
三、分词作表语
1．分词作表语时具有形容词词性，常用来表示性质或状态。
2．形容词化的现在分词和过去分词。
一些动词如surprise、interest、excite、puzzle、disappoint、astonish、encourage、inspire、shock、move等的分词形式作表语时，已具有形容词的性质，要根据其与主语的关系来确定是现在分词还是过去分词。如果与主语为主动关系，则用现在分词，表示主语的特征；如果是被动关系，用过去分词形式，表示主语的状态。
The story was so moving that we were all moved deeply.
这个故事如此感人以至于我们都被深深地感动了。
We were all excited at the exciting news.听到这个令人激动的消息，我们都很激动。
3．含过去分词的系表结构和被动语态的区别：
含过去分词的系表结构表示主语的状态或状况；被动语态表示动作，可以带by的短语。
The window is broken.
窗户碎了。(系表结构)
The window was broken by the boy.
窗户被那个男孩打碎了。(被动语态)
达标 练案
单句语法填空
1．No one is to_enter(enter) the library without the teacher's permission.
2．The purpose of the project was to_improve(improve) the traffic condition.
3．Her hobby is collecting(collect) some nice cards from his friends.
4．The young trees were_watered(water) by some students yesterday.
5．Do you know the old man who is seated(seat) at the back door
6．She told me that she had decided not to get married(marry)．
7．The visitor is dressed(dress) in a red coat, which makes him stand out.
8．The young man is doing(do) some research on how to keep fit.
9．I didn't know why my best friend was so confused(confuse) then.
10．What the old couple did was really puzzling(puzzle) for most of us.
课时作业(十一) Section Ⅱ Using language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．There will be a prize for the most innovative(新颖的) design.
2．I'm afraid the theory is too abstract(抽象的) for the children to understand.
3．The black furnishings provide an interesting contrast(反差) to the white walls.
4．The book provides valuable information on recent trends(趋势)．
5．What gauge of wire(金属丝) do we need
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The news was very exciting(excite) and they were all excited at it.
2．Her wish is to_become(become) a a film star.
3．It is very moving(move) to see how much strangers can care for each other.
4．The policeman was astonished(astonish) to find the driver was a nine year old boy.
5．If you are interested(interest) in it, let me know and I'll send you more information.
6．His words were encouraging(encourage), which made all of us full of hope for the future.
7．The puzzled expression on his face showed that the question was very puzzling(puzzle).
8．I was disappointed(disappoint) at the film I saw last night, which I had expected to be better.
9．His dream was to_open(open) a school for the poor children, which was realized in 1991.
10．The organization's aim was to_protect(protect) the natural habitats of wild animals in danger of extinction.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．He felt_disappointed after his request was refused.
他的请求被拒绝后，他感到失望。
2．Don't touch the glass because it_is_broken.
不要碰那个杯子因为它是破的。
3．We were_surprised_at what he said at the meeting.
我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。
4．His wish is to_be_a_doctor in the future.
他的愿望是将来做一名医生。
5．What I want to do most in senior high is to_improve_my_English.
我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语。
Ⅳ.七选五
Tips for Developing Your Artistic Talent
Everyone has an artistic talent. You might not even know it. __1__. However, in fact, there are a lot of different ways to express your artistic side. You don't necessarily have to be a professional. You can enjoy art just for its own value. Check out a few tips for developing artistic skills.
·Art takes a variety of forms
Most people think that art can only be found in museums and is only for the elite(精英). You can look around you. __2__. They may be found in nature, and even in usual advertisements and posters. Just start to look at such sides as line, color, composition and style.
·Try things out
If you want to develop your artistic talent, start trying things out. __3__.
·Appreciate
__4__. Almost anything can be used for inspiration. Visit museums and galleries, or look at art books. When you look around you, you develop your artistic appreciation and use it to work on developing your own skills.
·__5__
Don't expect to create a masterpiece(杰作) with your first try. There must be mistakes. Many artists spent years studying and perfecting their skills. You might not want to reach their level, but don't feel shy about your work. Even if it's not perfect, it will be. Try out, learn from your mistakes, and improve your skills.
A．Take art classes
B．Don't be afraid to make mistakes
C．You'll find art and beauty are everywhere
D．You might have always thought that you don't have any skills in the arts
E．Another way to develop your artistic talent is to learn how to use your eyes
F．There are many things you can try from painting, costume, dance and singing
G．Discuss the art with other art lovers to see what they think and then form your own opinion
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个培养艺术技能的小建议。
1．解析：根据上文“Everyone has an artistic talent. You might not even know it.”可知，你可能不知道自己有艺术天赋。由此可知，D项“因此可能一直认为自己没有任何艺术方面的技能”符合语境。故选D项。
答案：D
2．解析：根据下文“They may be found in nature, and even in usual advertisements and posters”可知，艺术随处可见。故选C项。
答案：C
3．解析：根据上文“If you want to develop your artistic talent, start trying things out.”可知，设空处应该列举尝试的方式。由此可知，F项“你可以从绘画、服装、舞蹈和唱歌中尝试很多东西”衔接上文，符合语境。故选F项。
答案：F
4．解析：根据下文“Almost anything can be used for inspiration. Visit museums and galleries, or look at art books. When you look around you, you develop your artistic appreciation and use it to work on developing your own skills.”可知，要学会用自己的眼睛去环顾四周，发现艺术也发展自己的艺术欣赏能力。由此可知，E项“另一个发展你艺术天赋的方法是学习如何使用你的眼睛”符合语境。故选E项。
答案：E
5．解析：根据本段最后一句“Try out, learn from your mistakes, and improve your skills.”可知，不要怕犯错，要从错误中学习，由此可知，B项“不要害怕犯错”，符合语境。故选B项。
答案：B
Ⅴ.完形填空
A daughter was tired of fighting. She thought about __1__. It seemed as if one problem was just solved before a new one __2__.
Her father took her to the kitchen. He __3__ three pots with water and placed each on a fire. He placed carrots, eggs, coffee beans in each of the pots. He let them boil, without saying a word.
The daughter __4__ waited, asking repeatedly what he was doing. In about twenty minutes he turned __5__ the burners. He pulled the carrots and the eggs out and placed them each in a bowl. Then he spooned the coffee out and placed it in another. __6__ her, he asked, “Darling, what do you see？”
“Carrots, eggs, and coffee，” she __7__. He asked her to feel the carrots. She did so and noted that they were soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it. After __8__ off the shell, she found the hard boiled egg! Finally, he asked her to taste the coffee. She smiled as she tasted its rich flavor (香味). She __9__ asked, “What does it mean, Father？”
He explained that each of them had faced the same __10__， boiling water, but each reacted differently. The carrot had been hard. But after __11__ the boiling water, it softened. The egg had been easily __12__. But after sitting through the boiling water, its __13__ became hardened. The coffee beans were different, however. After they were in the boiling water, they had changed the __14__. “Which are you？” he asked. “When challenge knocks on your door, how do you __15__？ Are you a carrot, an egg, or a coffee bean？”
【文章大意】本文一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲了一个女儿向她的父亲抱怨她的生活。她的父亲在沸水中分别煮了三种东西：胡萝卜、鸡蛋和咖啡豆。通过和女儿一起观察这三种事物面对沸水的反应，这位父亲告诉女儿一个生活哲理，当面对困境时，自己想充当什么样的角色决定了事情的结果。
1．A.making up B．giving up
C．keeping up D．signing up
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：她想放弃。A.making up组成，编造；B.giving up放弃；C.keeping up保持，不落后；D.signing up报名。根据上文“A daughter was tired of fighting.”推知，女孩想放弃。故选B。
答案：B
2．A.quit B．failed
C．asked D．arose
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：似乎一个问题刚刚解决，另一个问题又出现了。 A．quit放弃；B.failed失败；C.asked询问，要求；D.arose出现。根据上文“A daughter was tired of fighting.”可知，此处指问题不断，即一个问题刚解决，另一个问题又出现了。故选D。
答案：D
3．A.filled B．covered
C．cleaned D．washed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在三个罐子里装满了水，把每个罐子放在火上。A.filled填满；B.covered覆盖；C.cleaned清理，打扫；D.washed清洗。根据“with water and placed each on a fire”可知，父亲把罐子装满水然后放在火上。故选A。
答案：A
4．A.kindly B．happily
C．impatiently D．independently
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：女儿不耐烦地等着，反复问他在做什么。A.kindly友善地；B.happily高兴地；C.impatiently不耐烦地；D.independently独立地。根据“asking repeatedly what he was doing”可知，女儿已经不耐烦了。故选C。
答案：C
5．A.on B．off
C．up D．down
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：大约二十分钟后，他关掉了火炉。A.(turned) on打开；B.(turned) off关掉；C.(turned) up调大；D.(turned) down关小，拒绝。根据“He pulled the carrots and the eggs out and placed them each in a bowl.”可知，父亲关掉了炉子，把里面煮的东西拿出来。故选B。
答案：B
6．A.Fed up with B．Catching up with
C．Turning to D．Moved by
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他转向她问道：“亲爱的，你看到了什么？”A.Fed up with对……感到厌烦；B.Catching up with追上，赶上；C.Turning to求助于，转向；D.Moved by被……感动。根据“Darling, what do you see？”可知，父亲转过身问女儿。故选C。
答案：C
7．A.applied B．described
C．argued D．replied
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她回答：“胡萝卜，鸡蛋和咖啡。”A.applied申请，涂抹；B.described描述；C.argued争辩；D.replied回复，回答。根据上文“Darling, what do you see？”可知，此处是女儿回答父亲的问题。故选D。
答案：D
8．A.pulling B．letting
C．biting D．putting
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：剥去蛋壳后，她发现了煮熟的鸡蛋！A.pulling拉；B.letting让；C.biting咬；D.putting放置。根据“she found the hard boiled egg”可知，女孩把鸡蛋壳剥了，pull off“脱去”固定短语。故选A。
答案：A
9．A.sharply B．awkwardly
C．disappointedly D．humbly
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：她谦虚地问道：“这是什么意思，父亲？”A.sharply急剧地；B.awkwardly尴尬地；C.disappointedly失望地；D.humbly谦逊地。根据上文“She smiled as she tasted its rich flavor (香味)．”可知，女孩谦虚地问父亲。故选D。
答案：D
10．A.strength B．relief
C．challenge D．failure
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，它们每一个都面临着同样的挑战，沸水，但每一个的反应不同。A.strength力量；B.relief宽慰，轻松；C.challenge挑战；D.failure失败。结合上文故事可知，父亲把沸水比作生活中的挑战。且下文的“When challenge knocks on your door”也是提示。故选C。
答案：C
11．A.drinking B．feeling
C．passing D．suffering
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在经历了沸水之后，它变软了。A.drinking喝；B.feeling感觉；C.passing通过；D.suffering遭受，经历。根据上文“He placed carrots, eggs, coffee beans in each of the pots. He let them boil, without saying a word.”可知，此处是指胡萝卜在经历沸水之后变软了。故选D。
答案：D
12．A.removed B．broken
C．boiled D．prepared
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：鸡蛋之前很容易被打碎。A.removed移除；B.broken打破；C.boiled沸腾，煮沸；D.prepared准备。根据上文“The carrot had been hard.”和下文“The coffee beans were different”可知，此处是指鸡蛋在被煮之前，很容易破。故选B。
答案：B
13．A.sound B．side
C．face D．inside
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在沸水中浸泡后，它的内部变得坚硬起来。A.sound声音；B.side边，面；C.face脸，面；D.inside里面，内部。结合常识可知，鸡蛋被煮后，内部会变硬。故选D。
答案：D
14．A.water B．function
C．power D．pot
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：水沸腾之后，它们改变了水。A.water水；B.function功能；C.power力量，权力；D.pot罐子。根据上文“The coffee beans were different, however.”并结合常识可知，咖啡豆让水有了咖啡的味道，因此它们改变了水。故选A。
答案：A
15．A.respond B．recover
C．choose D．calm
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你是哪一个？”他问道。“当挑战敲到你的门时，你会如何回应？你是胡萝卜、鸡蛋还是咖啡豆？”A.respond回应，作出反应；B.recover恢复；C.choose选择；D.calm使……冷静。根据“Are you a carrot, an egg or a coffee bean？”可知，这里意思是当逆境敲门时，你该如何应对。故选A。
答案：A
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
原文 呈现
ART & TECHNOLOGY
Think “art”. What comes to your mind Is it Greek① or Roman sculptures in the Louvre, or Chinese paintings in the Palace Museum Or maybe, just maybe, it's a dancing pattern② of lights？
读文 清障
①Greek /ɡri k/ adj. 希腊的
②pattern n. 图案；式样
艺术与科技
想到“艺术”，你脑海里出现了什么？是卢浮宫里希腊或罗马的雕塑，抑或是故宫博物院里中国的名画？又也许，仅仅是也许，是一片舞动的光影
原文 呈现
The artworks by American artist Janet Echelman look like colourful floating clouds when they are lit up at night. Visitors to one of her artworks in Vancouver could not only enjoy looking at it, they could also interact with it—literally③. They did this by using their phones to change its colours and patterns. Exhibits④ such as these are certainly new and exciting, but are they really art？
读文 清障
③literally /'l t( )r li/ adv. 根据字面意思
④exhibit n．展出；展出物 vt.展览
美国艺术家珍妮特·艾克曼的艺术作品在晚上将其点亮时，它们看上去就像是彩色的漂浮的云。其中在温哥华展出的那一件艺术品，人们不仅可以欣赏，甚至可以与之互动，字面意思地 互动 。人们可以通过操作自己的手机改变它的颜色和图案来实现互动。像这样的展览品无疑是新潮的激动人心之作，但它们真的可以算是艺术吗？
原文 呈现
[1]Whatever_your_opinion,_people have been expressing their thoughts and ideas through art for thousands of years. To do this, they have used a variety of tools and technologies. Yet Michelangelo and others have been labelled as “artists” rather than “technicians⑤”. This means that art and technology have always been seen as⑥ two very separate things.
读文 清障
⑤technician /tek'n ( )n/ n. 巧匠
⑥be seen as... 被看作……
[1]Whatever引导的让步状语从句，其后省略了is。
无论你的看法如何，数千年来人们一直通过艺术表达他们的想法和看法。为此，人们使用了各种各样的工具和技术。然而，米开朗基罗等人一直被称为“艺术家”而不是“技巧大师”。这就意味着艺术和科技一直被看作两个截然不同的领域。
原文 呈现
Today, however, technological advances⑦ have led to⑧ a combination of art and technology. As a result, the art world is changing greatly. Now art is more accessible to us than ever before. Take for example⑨ one of China's most famous paintings from the Song Dynasty, Along the River During the Qingming Festival. [2]As_this_artwork_is_rarely_on_display,_people have sometimes queued⑩ up to six hours for a chance to see it. Once in front of the painting, they only have limited time to spend taking in its five metres of scenes along the Bian River in Bianjing. Thanks to technology however, millions more people have been able to experience a digital version of this painting. Three dimensional (3D) animation means [3]that_viewers_can_see_the_characters _move_around_and_interact_with_their_surroundings. They can also watch as the different scenes change from daylight into nighttime.
读文 清障
⑦technological advance技术进步
⑧lead to导致；引起；通向
⑨take for example以……为例；譬如
⑩queue v. 排队
up to 多达
thanks to幸亏；由于
animation / n 'me ( )n/ n. 动画片
[2]As引导的原因状语从句。
[3]that引导的宾语从句，作means的宾语。
然而，如今，技术的进步已经促成了艺术和技术的结合。因此，艺术世界正发生着巨大的变化。现在，我们比以往任何时候都更容易接触艺术。以中国宋朝的传世名画之一《清明上河图》为例。因其极少被展出，人们有时要排队等上六个小时才有机会一睹其真容。即使面对画卷，人们也只有有限的时间来欣赏这幅长五米，描绘汴京汴河沿岸景色的画卷。然而，在科技的帮助下，已经有数百万人得以观摩这幅画作的数字化版本了。3D动画意味着观赏者可以看到画中的人物四处走动并与周围事物互动。他们甚至还可以看到从白天到夜晚画中不同场景的变化。
原文 呈现
The art tech combination is also changing our concepts of “art” and the “artist”. Not only can we interact with art, but also take part in its creation. [4]With new technological tools at our fingertips ， more and more people are exploring their creative sides. The result has been exciting new art forms, such as digital paintings and videos.
读文 清障
concept /?k?nsept/n. 概念；观念
fingertip n. 指尖
[4]with复合结构，在句中作状语。
艺术与科技的结合同样改变着我们对“艺术”和“艺术家”这两个概念的理解。我们不仅可以与艺术作品互动，还可以参与它的创作。通过触手可及的新兴科技工具，越来越多的人开始发掘自己创新的一面，数字绘画、视频等激动人心的新型艺术形式应运而生。
原文 呈现
However, the increase in the amount and variety of art produced has also raised questions over its overall quality . Can a video of someone slicing a tomato played in slow motion really be called “art”？
读文 清障
question over... 对……的质疑
overall quality整体质量
slice v. 切；切片 n. 薄片
然而，艺术作品在数量和种类上的增加同时带来了整体质量上的问题。将一个人切西红柿的视频慢动作播放，真的可以被称作“艺术”吗？
原文 呈现
Similarly, such developments are making the line between art and technology less distinct . Can someone unfamiliar with traditional artists' tools really call themselves an “artist”？ And is the artist the creator of the art itself, or the maker of the technology behind it A recent project used technology and data in the same way [5]that_Rembrandt_used_his_paints_and_brushes. The end result, printed in 3D, was a new “Rembrandt painting” created 347years after the artist's death. These advances are perhaps bringing us closer to a time when computers rather than humans create art.
读文 清障
distinct /d 'st kt/ adj. 清晰的；明显不同的
creator n. 创作者
in the same way以同样的方式
bring sb. closer to... 使某人更接近……
[5]that引导的定语从句，修饰way。
同样，这种发展也正让艺术与科技的界限越来越模糊。那些并不熟悉传统艺术工具的人真的可以自诩为“艺术家”吗？艺术家到底是艺术本身的创造者，还是艺术背后技术的创造者？最近有一个项目用科技手段和数据还原了伦勃朗的绘画方式。最终，通过3D打印技术，在这位艺术家去世347年后，一幅全新的“伦勃朗画作”诞生了。也许，这些先进的技术正带领我们走进一个由电脑而非人类创造艺术的时代。
原文 呈现
Where technology will take art next is anyone's guess. But one thing is for sure—with so many artists exploring new possibilities, we can definitely expect the unexpected.
读文 清障
for sure肯定
definitely adv. 确切地；肯定地
科技将会推动艺术发展至何种地步，我们不得而知。但唯一确定的是：随着众多艺术家探索全新的可能性，我们一定可以期待意外的惊喜。
基础 自测
Ⅰ.重点单词
基础词汇
1．abstract adj. 抽象(派)的
2．cable n. 电缆
3．trend n. 趋势，动向
4．contrast n. 反差，对比
5．awe inspiring adj. 令人起敬的，令人钦佩的
6．installation n. 现代雕塑装置(除物体外还包括光、声等)
7．Greek adj. 希腊的
8．animation n. 动画片
9．concept n. 概念；观念
拓展词汇
1．wire n. 金属丝；电线→wireless adj. 无线的
2．innovative adj. 新颖的，创新的→innovatively adv. 新颖地，创新地→innovation n. 革新，创新
3．literally adv. 根据字面意思→literal adj. 字面意思的
4．technician n. 巧匠→technology n. 技术→technical adj. 技术的→technically adv. 技术上地
5．distinct adj. 清晰的；明显不同的→distinction n. 差别，不同
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．light_up 点亮
2．a_variety_of 多种多样的
3．lead_to 导致
4．up_to 达到
5．interact with... 与……互动
Ⅲ.重点句型
Whatever_your_opinion,_people have been expressing their thoughts and ideas through art for thousands of years.
无论你的看法如何，数千年来人们一直通过艺术表达他们的思想和想法。
语篇 细研
Ⅰ.根据课文内容选择最佳选项
1．What do Janet Echelman's artworks look like
A．They look just like the sculptures from Greek.
B．They look the same as Chinese paintings.
C．They are colourful floating clouds.
D．They are dancing patterns of lights.
答案：D
2．What can we infer from Paragraph 2
A．Janet's artworks look like colourful floating clouds.
B．People have doubt about her artworks.
C．People can literally interact with her works.
D．The exhibition for Janet is free of charge.
答案：B
3．What causes the combination of art and technology
A．The artists.
B．The technological advances.
C．Technicians.
D．Our concepts.
答案：B
4．What is NOT true about Along the River During the Qingming Festival
A．It is rarely on display.
B．It is worth seeing.
C．It is over 10 metres long.
D．It has been made into 3D animation.
答案：C
5．What's the attitude of the author to the future of arts
A．Positive. B．Negative.
C．Doubtful. D．Critical.
答案：A
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
For 1.thousands(thousand) of years, people have been expressing their thoughts and ideas through art. They have used a 2.variety(vary) of tools and technologies. Yet Michelangelo and others have been labelled 3.as “artists” rather than “technicians”， 4.which means that art and technology have always been seen as two different things.
Today, however, technological advances have led to a combination of art and technology. As 5.a result, art is 6.more_accessible(accessible) to us than ever before. What's more, the art tech combination is also changing our concept of “art” and the “artist”. Not only can we interact with art, but also take part in 7.its(it) creation.
8．Similarly(similar), such developments are making the line between art and technology less distinct. Where technology 9.will_take(take) art next is anyone's guess, but one thing is for sure—with so many artists 10.exploring (explore) new possibilities, we can definitely expect the unknown.
词汇 精讲
1．light up 照亮；点燃；容光焕发
[教材P58]The artworks by American artist Janet Echelman look like colourful floating clouds when they are lit up at night.美国艺术家珍妮特·艾克曼的艺术作品在晚上将其点亮时，它们看上去就像是彩色的漂浮的云。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
Your smile would light up any room.
你的微笑能点亮任何一个房间。
巧学活用
写出下列句中light up的含义
(1)The old man lit up a candle in the darkness. 点燃
(2)The night sky was lit up with fireworks. 照亮
(3)His face was lit up with pleasure. 容光焕发
完成句子
(4)These facts have only just been brought_to_light.
这些事实刚刚被揭露出来。
(5)New evidence has recently come_to_light.
新的证据最近已经披露出来。
(6)He is able to throw_some_light_on/upon the situation.
他能使人进一步了解形势。
(7)He rewrote the book in_the_light_of further research.
他根据进一步的研究重写了那部书。
2．rather than 而不是
[教材P58]Yet Michelangelo and others have been labelled as “artists” rather than “technicians”．然而，米开朗基罗等人一直被称为“艺术家”而不是“技巧大师”。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
He speaks in concepts rather than specifics.
他说话时只讲抽象概念，而不谈具体细节。
rather than连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather_than a few strong ones.
例如，大多数食物链由很多弱的而不是一些强的联系组成。
(2)He got home late last night, or_rather,_early this morning.
昨晚他到家很晚，更确切地说，是今天凌晨。
(3)She would_rather die than give in.
她宁死不屈。
(4)I think Tom, rather than you, is_to_blame.
我认为该受责备的是汤姆而不是你。
3．lead to 导致，促成；通向；引起
[教材P59]Today, however，technological advances have led to a combination of art and technology.然而，如今，技术的进步已经促成了艺术和技术的结合。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.
过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。
lead to中的to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)The door leads_to a large entrance hall.
这扇门通往一个宽敞的门厅。
(2)Generally speaking, a lack of confidence can lead_to a lot of sufferings.
一般来说，缺乏自信会导致很多痛苦。
(3)This path will lead_you_to the station，where you can take a bus to go home.
你走这条路可以到车站，在那儿你可以乘车回家。
(4)I wonder what lead_you_to_give_up your plan.
我想知道是什么使你放弃你的计划。
4．surroundings n. 环境；周围的事物
[教材P59]Three dimensional (3D) animation means that viewers can see the characters move around and interact with their surroundings.3D动画意味着观赏者可以看到画中人物四处走动并与周围事物进行互动。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
She felt uneasy in the unfamiliar surroundings.
她在陌生的环境中感到不安。
易混辨析
surroundings 专指自然环境，常用复数形式
environment 可指自然环境也可指精神环境，常用单数形式
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)The surrounding(surround) villages have been absorbed into the city.
(2)He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself surrounded(surround)．
(3)Some insects take on the colours of their surroundings(surround) to protect themselves.
(4)He was sitting on the floor, surrounded(surround) by books.
(5)Before, there was always a silence surrounding(surround) the question.
5．distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明显不同的，截然不同的
[教材P60]Similarly，such developments are making the line between art and technology less distinct.同样，这种发展也正让艺术与科技的界限越来越模糊。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
These are the highest distinctions that have ever been given by our government.
这些是我国政府迄今授予的最高荣誉称号。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)He looked distinctly(distinct) uncomfortable when the subject was mentioned.
(2)There's a clear distinction(distinct) between the dialects spoken in the two regions.
(3)Mars is sometimes called the Red Planet because of its distinctive(distinct) colour.
句型 精析
whatever 引导让步状语从句
Whatever your opinion, people have been expressing their thoughts and ideas through art for thousands of years.[教材P58]
无论你的看法如何，数千年来人们一直通过艺术来表达他们的想法和看法。
句法分析
本句中的“Whatever your opinion”是Whatever引导的让步状语从句，其后省略了is。
归纳拓展
(1)whatever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么”，相当于no matter what。wh ever 这类词引导让步状语从句时，通常可以转换成“no matter＋相应的wh ”。
(2)whatever、whoever、whichever既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。whenever、wherever、however只能引导让步状语从句。
佳句背诵
Whatever I suggest, he always disagrees.
无论我提什么建议，他总是不同意。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)The building must be saved, whatever_the_cost.
无论代价有多大，这座建筑物必须保留。
(2)Whatever_you_do,_I will be in favor of you all the time.
无论你做什么，我都会一直支持你的。
(3)She would tell him whatever_news_she_got.
她得到任何消息都会告诉他。
达标 练案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I had the distinct(明显的) impression that I was being watched.
2．This historical success, however, resulted from the federal government taking science seriously, and making investments to urge revolution and innovation.
3．There are literally(的确) hundreds of prizes to win.
4．His father is a laboratory technician(技术员；巧匠)．
5．The man is good at computer animation(动画制作；动画片)．
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．Many developed nations are now concerned about saving nature rather_than developing or destroying it.
2．As his first novel was published, he was_seen_as one of the most outstanding writers of his generation.
3．Eating too much sugar can lead_to health problems.
4．The computer was used in teaching. As_a_result,_not only was teachers' energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons.
5．With_the_help_of my English teacher, I won the first place in the English Writing Competition.
写一封邀请信
技法 指导
邀请信是生活中常用的一种文体，主要用于邀请某人参加宴会、庆祝活动或会议等。邀请信可分为正式的邀请信(即请柬)和非正式的邀请信。正式的邀请信(请柬)多采用第一、二人称，以居中的方式书写。
在考试时，通常考查的是非正式的邀请信。它与普通信件的格式基本一样，首先是称呼，然后是活动内容、时间以及地点，最后是落款。
增分 佳句
1．I'm writing to invite you to.../It's my honour to invite you to...
我写信邀请你……/邀请你参加……是我的荣幸。
2．We are having/planning... on...(date) and it would be a great idea if you can join us.
我们将/计划在……如果你能加入我们就太好了。
3．I am writing with the greatest pleasure to invite you to...
我非常高兴地邀请你参加……
4．Here are some details about this activity./Some details about this activity are as follows.
这是一些关于这次活动的细节/关于这次活动的相关细节如下。
5．First, we will... What's more, there will be a number of activities, such as.... which will...
首先，我们将……而且，将会有许多活动，比如……
6．By participating in the activity, not only can we... but also...
通过参加这个活动，我们不仅……而且……
7．I would feel honoured if you could come.
如果你能来，我将感到非常荣幸。
8．We would appreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.
如果你尽早能确认是否参与，我们将不胜感激。
9．An early reply is appreciated.
如能早日答复，不胜感激。
10．Would you please drop me a line to let me know whether you can come to...
你能给我写封信让我知道你是否能来吗？
写作 实例
假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写一封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：
1．时间；
2．活动安排；
3．欢迎他表演节目。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
一、词汇训练
1．invite vt. 邀请
2．various adj. 各种各样的
3．performance n. 表演
4．welcome adj. 受到欢迎的
5．hold_a_music_festival 举办音乐节
6．in_the_school_hall 在学校礼堂
7．opening_ceremony 开幕式
8．deliver_a_speech 发表演讲
9．show_up 出现
10．on_stage 在舞台上
二、句型训练
1．我写信邀请你加入我们。
I'm writing to_invite_you_to_join_us.
2．将会有有才华的学生上演的各种精彩的演出。
There_will_be various fantastic performances played_by_talented_students.
3．我们绝对欢迎您上台，这将为我们的节日增添色彩和乐趣。
You are definitely welcome_to_show_up_on_stage,_which will add_colour_and_fun_to our festival.
三、篇章训练
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Allen，
How is everything going Our school will hold a music festival next Sunday morning in the school hall. And I'm writing to invite you to join us.
The opening ceremony will start at 9：00 a．m. and the schoolmaster will deliver a speech. Then there will be various fantastic performances played by talented students. You are definitely welcome to show up on stage, which will add colour and fun to our festival.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
课时作业(十二) Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It's definitely(definite) not an easy job, but it's worth it.
2．He made a big mistake in his work; as a result, he lost his job.
3．The days when the Chinese were looked down upon are gone forever.
4．His daughter and son are so clever that they are_label(l)ed(label) as the genius.
5．There was an explosion and the whole sky was lit up.
6．It was not until I visited the Guilin that I found it really worthy of the reputation.
7．They have reached an agreement that they will never use violence whatever(what) happens.
8．Until next payday, I was literally(literal) without any money.
9．He earns some money to support his family by doing(do) odd jobs at restaurants.
10．When people talk about the cities of China, the first that comes to my mind is Beijing.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Whatever_you_do, try to do it better.
不管你做什么都尽力做到更好。
2．We can help him by_giving_him_some_money.
我们可以通过给他一些钱来帮助他。
3．In the evenings, fireworks lit/lighted_up_the_sky.
在晚上，烟火照亮了天空。
4．Not only should_you_read_more, you should also listen more.
你不仅应该多读，而且应该多听。
5．It_was_not_until I got to the station that I found I had missed my wallet.
到了车站我才发觉我的钱包不见了。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Music is an important part of life today. It is a source of entertainment, and it is a way to express emotions. But music is not only all this, it is also something that can be used to create a strong focus while people are working and is generally beneficial to the human brain and specifically the adolescent brain.
Music can reduce anxiety and depression, as well as improving mood and memory. Adolescents represent a stage in development when stress levels are unsteady. An analysis shows that listening to music lowers the stress hormone in the brain. Ashford University also states that music has also proven to be effective across a variety of treatment ways for conditions ranging from premature birth to depression to Parkinson's disease.
Music is also a way to stimulate(刺激) the brain and help increase productivity. In Elena Mannes' study “The Power of Music” through National Public Radio(NPR), she declares the fact that music stimulates more parts of the brain than any other human function. Tests have also shown that listening to background music can increase productivity. “In majors we listen to music as we do our work，” says visual artist, Tow Engel, “It is super helpful because it allows us all to do our own things to create more art.”
Research done by Dr Jonathan Burdette, a professor at the Wake Forest Baptist Medical Cater, further proves the benefits of music on the brain. Dr Burdette conducted a study where he and his fellow investigators used a technique called functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI), to find changes in blood flow in the brain. To summarize, Dr Burdette's research shows that listening to music that you like will improve brain connectivity, especially when doing independent work that requires a lot of internal thought and reflection. As adolescents spend a lot of time working on computers or even just doing work on paper, music can help teens concentrate on their thinking.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了音乐对大脑，尤其是青少年的大脑的益处。
1．What's the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．Music is mind medicine.
B．Music is good for the brain's growth.
C．Music helps adolescents free from stress.
D．Music helps patients recover from cancer.
解析：段落大意题。根据第二段的“An analysis shows that listening to music lowers the stress hormone in the brain.”可知，分析报告表明，听音乐降低了大脑的压力激素，即音乐是一种精神药物。故选A项。
答案：A
2．Why does Tow Engel like listening to music according to the text
A．It stimulates her body.
B．It helps her lower stress.
C．It gives her more strength.
D．It can improve her creativity.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“It is super helpful because it allows us all to do our own things to create more art.”可知，Tow Engel认为音乐有助于提高创造力。故选D项。
答案：D
3．What's the finding of music in Dr Burdette's study
A．It helps teens play on the computer.
B．It lets teens get closer with each other.
C．It helps teens focus on their thinking.
D．It improves the speed of teens' reflection.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“music can help teens concentrate on their thinking”可知，音乐能够帮助青少年集中精力思考。故选C项。
答案：C
4．What may be the best title for the text
A．Music Helps Students Get Rid of Stress
B．Music's Benefit to the Adolescent's Brain
C．Music Makes Adolescents Fond of Art
D．Music's Function on the Brain Development
解析：标题归纳题。本文主要说明了音乐对于青少年大脑的益处——能帮助他们减轻压力，刺激大脑，并激发他们的创造力，使他们更专注。B项“Music's Benefit to the Adolescent's Brain”作为文章标题最适合。故选B项。
答案：B
Ⅳ.语法填空
In 1850, an American lawyer, James N. Bethune, bought a slave to work in his home. The slave, a woman, had a small child 1.________(call) Tom, who was blind and autistic(孤僻的)．
One day, Bethune 2.________(walk) around his garden when he heard music coming from the house. He went inside and found young Tom playing on the family piano. Bethune 3.________(instant) realized that the boy, who was only four, had special abilities. He asked a band of 4.________(musician) to come to the house and play in front of him. Tom reproduced perfectly the music he had heard. It was obvious that Tom had the ability to memorize and repeat pieces of music after 5.________(hear) them just once.
In 1857, “Blind Tom” took part 6.________ his first public performance. The reviews were so good that Bethune took him on a tour of the US. Three years later, “Blind Tom” 7.________(invite) to the White House, 8.________ he performed for the President. Over the next forty years, Tom performed 9.________(enjoy) shows all over the US, as well as visiting Canada, the UK and several South American countries. His concerts were 10.________ mixture of classical music and his own compositions.
Blind Tom died in 1908.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“盲人汤姆”在音乐方面的天赋以及他的成长经历。
1．解析：考查过去分词。句意：这个奴隶是一个女人，她有一个叫汤姆的小孩，他又瞎又孤僻。设空处修饰名词child，且名词child和动词call之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
答案：called
2．解析：考查动词的时态。句意：一天，白求恩正在他的花园里散步，这时他听到从房子里传出来的乐声。本句为was/were doing sth.... when...句型，意为“某人正在做某事，这时……”，设空处应用过去进行时。故填way walking。
答案：was walking
3．解析：考查副词。句意：白求恩立刻意识到这个只有四岁的男孩有特殊的能力。设空处修饰动词realized，应用副词。故填instantly。
答案：instantly
4．解析：考查名词的数。句意：他请了一群音乐家到他家来，在他面前演奏。根据设空处前的“a band of”可知，设空处应用名词复数形式。故填musicians。
答案：musicians
5．解析：考查动名词。句意：很明显，汤姆有一种能力——只听一遍就能记住和重复一段音乐。根据设空处前的介词after可知，设空处应用动名词作宾语。故填hearing。
答案：hearing
6．解析：考查介词。句意：1857年，“盲人汤姆”参加了他的第一次公开表演。take part in意为“参加”，是固定短语。故填in。
答案：in
7．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：三年后，“盲人汤姆”被邀请到白宫为总统表演。根据上文“Three years later”可知，设空处应用一般过去时，且句子主语“Blind Tom”和动词invite之间是被动关系，设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was invited。
答案：was invit(共12张PPT)
Unit 4 Meeting the muse
单元归纳总结
2门世2有
3厚
