(共14张PPT)
Unit 6 Nurturing nature
单元归纳总结
2门世2有
3厚Unit 6 Nurturing nature
单元目标解读 ·学科素养达成
[单元目标]
单元课程探究 单元内容分析
Starting out & Understanding ideas 活动1呈现四张与单元主题相关的图片，图片内容分别为中国的黄龙风景名胜区、阿根廷和巴西交界处的伊瓜苏瀑布、坦桑尼亚的乞力马扎罗山和澳大利亚的乌卢鲁巨石，以吸引学生兴趣，进入单元话题。活动2呈现的是一段与主题相关的视频，内容介绍了世界遗产的三种类型，即世界文化遗产、世界文化与自然双重遗产、世界自然遗产，并一一举例说明。 本单元主题语境是“人与自然”，涉及的主题语境内容是保护自然环境和自然遗产。本单元通过介绍中外著名的自然文化遗产，包括埃及的吉萨金字塔群、西伯利亚东南部的贝加尔湖、中国的泰山和西藏天路以及澳大利亚的大堡礁，使学生感受自然的美丽与神奇。
Grammar 现在完成进行时
Developing ideas 本文以介绍世界上最好的工作——岛屿看护员的工作基本信息、益处、责任、要求、意义等具体方面，加强人们对大堡礁的认识，唤起人们保护环境、保护美丽海洋的认识。
Writing a job advertisement 如何写招聘广告
单元核心素养 本单元体会前人为我们留下的文化遗产的魅力，激发他们保护自然文化遗产的欲望，传达了人与自然和谐共处这一理念。
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
原文 呈现
The Sky Railway
Sitting back in my seat, I can't quite believe that I'm about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”. The train has been racing along steadily① since it left Xining. All this time, the song “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head. The words “railways like massive② dragons are winding among the mountains” seem particularly vivid [1]as_I_travel_across_the_“roof_of_the_world”．
读文 清障
①steadily /'sted li/ adv. 平稳地
②massive /'m s v/ adj. 巨大的
[1]as 引导的时间状语从句。
天路
靠坐在我的座位上，我简直不敢相信我将要沿着这条许多外国专家声称“不可能(建成)”的铁路旅行。火车从西宁出发，向前平稳行驶。一路上，《天路》这首歌一直在我的脑海中回响。当我穿过“世界屋脊”时，“一条条巨龙翻山越岭”的歌词显得格外生动
原文 呈现
I was one of the people [2]who_came_from_all_parts_of_China to work on this railway. Taking years to complete, the Qinghai Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges. How to protect the delicate③ ecosystem was among the top concerns.
读文 清障
③delicate /'del k t/ adj. 脆弱的
[2]who 引导的定语从句，修饰the people。
修建这条铁路的工人来自全国各地，而我就是其中之一。青藏铁路历时数年建成，记录着我们克服种种最困难的工程挑战的全部努力。如何保护脆弱的生态系统是首要问题之一。
原文 呈现
The first landmark④ to catch my eye is the splendid⑤ Qingshuihe Bridge, the world's longest bridge built over permafrost⑥. Look! A group of Tibetan⑦ antelopes⑧ is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure⑨. Thirty three passages have been built under the railway to allow the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat. Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years. They seem totally unaware that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour.
读文 清障
④landmark /'l ndmɑ k/ n. 地标
⑤splendid /'splend d/ adj. 壮丽的
⑥permafrost /'p m fr st/ n. 永久冻土层
⑦Tibetan /t 'bet( )n/ adj. 西藏的
⑧antelope /' nt l p/ n. 羚羊
⑨at one's leisure 空闲时
leisure /'le / n. 空闲，闲暇
最先映入眼帘的地标 性建筑 是壮丽的清水河大桥，它是世界上最长的修建在永久冻土层上的大桥。看！一群藏羚羊正从桥下走过，有的停下来悠闲地吃草。铁路 桥 下修建了三十三条 野生动物 通道，让动物得以在自然栖息地中安全自由地通行。就像现在的这群藏羚羊一样，野生动物使用这些通道已有数年，它们似乎完全没有意识到我们正以每小时100多千米的速度呼啸而过。
原文 呈现
[3]To prevent damage to wetlands⑩ and grasslands ，675 bridges with a total length of about 160 kilometres were built between Golmud and Lhasa. We even moved 140,000 square metres of wetland to a new area in order to protect its distinct ecosystem.
读文 清障
⑩wetland /'wetl nd/ n. 湿地
grassland /'ɡrɑ sl nd/ n. 草原
[3]不定式短语作目的状语。
为了避免破坏湿地和草原，我们在格尔木和拉萨之间建造了675座大桥，总长度约160千米。我们甚至将一块14万平方米的湿地迁往一个新的区域，以保护其独特的生态系统。
原文 呈现
The journey has been flying by, and [4]before_I_know_it,_we have reached Tanggula Station. Located at over 5,000 metres above sea level, this is the highest railway station in the world. In locations such as this, the thin air, changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation presented perhaps the greatest challenge for railway workers. To make sure we stayed healthy, several oxygen making stations were constructed. We were also able to enjoy regular breaks in lower areas.
读文 清障
radiation / re di'e ( )n/ n. 辐射
[4]before 引导的时间状语从句。
旅途一瞬即逝，在我反应过来之前，我们就已经到达了唐古拉车站。它位于海拔5 000多米的地方，是世界上 海拔 最高的火车站。在像这样的地方，稀薄的空气、多变的天气、还有强烈的紫外线辐射，这些恐怕是铁路工人面临的最大挑战。为了确保我们保持健康，我们建造了多个制氧站。我们还会定期到较低的 海拔 地区休整。
原文 呈现
[5]As_we_pass_Cuona_Lake,_I feel a sense of pride and achievement. Using thousands and thousands of sandbags, we built a twenty kilometre wall along the lake to protect it from construction waste. Cuona Lake is so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror like surface. Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery to life.
读文 清障
mirror like /'m r la k/
adj. 如镜面般的
wander /'w nd / v. 徘徊
scenery /'si n ri/ n. 风景，景色
[5]as 引导的时间状语从句。
我们经过措那湖时，一股自豪感和成就感在我心中油然而生。 当年， 我们沿着湖边用成千上万个沙袋筑起了一道二十千米的墙，保护它免受建筑废料 的污染 。 现在， 措那湖离铁路这么近，以至于我想伸手去触摸它那镜面似的浅蓝色湖面。湖中嬉戏的水鸟、草原上游荡的牛羊，使这片风景充满生机。
原文 呈现
The Qinghai Tibet Plateau has been attracting people's admiration for centuries. Now, thanks to our efforts, passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes. I am proud [6]that_we_built_our_“impossible”_railway,_and did so with the care that the environment deserves. It truly is an extraordinary “Sky Railway”．
读文 清障
plateau /'pl t / n. 高原
[6]that 引导的定语从句，作proud的宾语。
几个世纪以来，青藏高原一直是人向往的地方。如今，由于我们的努力，来自全国各地的旅客都能观赏到这片神奇的风景。我们建成了我们“不可能 建成 ”的铁路，并且给予环境充分的关心，我为此感到骄傲。它真是一条了不起的“天路”。
基础 自测
Ⅰ.重点单词
基础词汇
1．massive adj. 巨大的
2．landmark n. 地标
3．splendid adj. 壮丽的
4．permafrost n. 永久冻土层
5．Tibetan adj. 西藏的
6．antelope n. 羚羊
7．leisure n. 空闲，闲暇
8．wetland n. 湿地
9．grassland n. 草原
10．radiation n. 辐射
11．mirror like adj. 如镜面般的
12．wander v. 徘徊
13．scenery n. 风景，景色
14．plateau n. 高原
拓展词汇
1．steadily adv. 平稳地→steady adj. 平稳的；持续的；稳固的
2．delicate adj. 脆弱的→delicacy n. 脆弱；娇嫩；柔软(性)
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．be_sure_of_sth. 确定某事；对某事有把握
2．pass_by... 从……旁边经过
3．catch_one's_eye 吸引某人的注意
4．at_one's_leisure 空闲时
5．make_sure 确保；弄清楚
6．be located at/in... 位于……
7．reach out 伸出(手)；(手)伸向前
8．put... into operation 把……投入使用；开始试行……
9．among the top concerns 首要问题之一
10．bring... to life 使……充满生机
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．The words “railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains” seem particularly vivid as_I_travel_across_the_“roof_of_the_world”.
当我穿过“世界屋脊”时，“一条条巨龙翻山越岭”的歌词显得格外生动。
2．How_to_protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.
如何保护脆弱的生态系统是首要问题之一。
语篇 细研
Ⅰ.根据课文内容选择最佳选项
1．What did the author do several years ago
A．He was a singer.
B．He was a composer.
C．He was a journalist.
D．He was a worker on the Sky Railway.
答案：D
2．What's the biggest challenge for the Sky Railway
A．The length was out of imagination.
B．The air there was too thin.
C．The ecosystem was too delicate.
D．The working condition was too poor.
答案：C
3．Which of the following words can be used to describe the railway
A．Vivid. B．Well designed.
C．Delicate. D．Impossible.
答案：B
4．Why were so many bridges built on the Sky Railway
A．To prevent damage to wetland.
B．To climb up the mountains.
C．To allow animals to move safely.
D．To shorten the length of the railway.
答案：A
5．What's the function of thousands of sandbags along the lake
A．Preventing the grassland being brushed.
B．Protecting the lake from construction waste.
C．Making a safe distinct mark for the birds.
D．Stopping the cattle and sheep running away.
答案：B
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
1．Sitting(sit) back in my seat, I can't quite believe that I'm about to travel along the Qinghai Tibet Railway. The train has been racing along 2.steadily(steady) since it 3.left(leave) Xining. I was one of the people 4.who/that came from all parts of China to work on this railway.The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world's longest bridge built over permafrost. Look! Some Tibetan antelopes 5.are_moving(move) under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure. 675 bridges with a total length of about 160 kilometres were built between Golmud and Lhasa 6.to_prevent(prevent) damage to wetlands and grasslands. We even moved 140,000 square metres of wetland to a new area in order to protect its distinct ecosystem.
As we pass Cuona Lake, I feel 7.a sense of pride and achievement. Cuona Lake is 8.so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror like surface. The Qinghai Tibet Plateau has been attracting people's 9.admiration(admire) for centuries. Now, thanks to our efforts, passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes. It 10.truly(true) is an extraordinary“Sky Railway”.
词汇 精讲
1. be sure of sth. 确定某事；对某事有把握
[教材P82]Try to guess if you are not sure of the answers.如果你对答案没有把握的话，试着猜猜。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
Make sure that good behavior is rewarded.
确保良好的行为受到嘉奖。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)You'd better make sure of the exact time of the arriving train.
(2)We are sure to_win(win) the match so long as we go all out.
(3)Your dream will come true for sure as long as you do your best.
2．operation n. 运行；手术；企业；(工商业)活动
[教材P82]In which year was the completed Qinghai Tibet Railway put into operation？完工后的青藏铁路是哪一年投入运行的？
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
The new law will come into operation by midnight tomorrow.
新法律将于明日午夜实行。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)We'll have to operate on the little girl without delay.
(2)The small grocery is well operated(operate)．
(3)The doctors performed a liver transplant operation(operate) on him.
完成句子
(4)The doctor insisted that he was seriously ill and that he (should)be_operated_on immediately.
医生坚持认为他病得很重，需要立即手术。
3．pass by 从……旁边经过
[教材P82]Which of these natural World Heritage Sites does the Qinghai Tibet Railway pass by？这些世界自然遗产中，青藏铁路经过哪些？
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
I see them pass by my house every day.
我每天看见他们经过我家。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)Every time I pass by her house, she's always busy doing something.
(2)He was born in 1921 and passed away peacefully at the age of 90 in 2011.
(3)It is said that the tradition has been passed down for hundreds of years.
(4)I will not pass up any chance to learn a new fact or a new skill.
(5)Suddenly the man passed out and was rushed to the nearest hospital immediately.
4．record vt. 记录；录音 n. 纪录；唱片；履历；经历
[教材P83]Taking years to complete, the Qinghai Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges.青藏铁路历时数年建成，记录着我们克服种种最困难的工程挑战的全部努力。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
She has set a new record, that is to say, the sales of her latest book have reached 50 million.
她已经创造了新的纪录，也就是说，她最新一本书的销售量已经达到了5千万。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)It keeps a record of my birth at the hospital, my first smile and my first walk.
(2)Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃ above the average.
(3)It is_recorded(record) that there have been a lot of earthquakes in this area.
5．overcome v. 克服(困难、难题)；解决；战胜
[教材P83]Taking years to complete, the Qinghai Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges.青藏铁路历时数年建成，记录着我们克服种种最困难的工程挑战的全部努力。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
As long as we have confidence, we can overcome difficulties.
只要我们有信心，就会战胜困难。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)To defeat the other players, the athlete overcame(overcome) a lot of difficulties in his training in the past.
(2)He struggled to_overcome(overcome) his shyness.
(3)Her parents were overcome with great sadness at the funeral.
句型 精析
1．as引导状语从句
The words “railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains” seem particularly vivid as I travel across the “roof of the world”．[教材P82]
当我穿过“世界屋脊”时，“一条条巨龙翻山越岭”的歌词显得格外生动。
句法分析
本句中的“as... world”为as引导的时间状语从句。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
As I waited at the stop, I heard a big noise.
当我在车站等车的时候，我听到一个很大的声响。
巧学活用
写出下列句中as的含义
(1)What he does is not so good as what he says.像……一样
(2)As the weather is too bad, we have to delay our journey.因为
(3)Try as you may, you won't be able to persuade him.尽管
(4)Do as the teacher told you.按照
(5)As the story develops, the truth about the mysterious figure is slowly discovered.随着……
2．“疑问词＋不定式(短语)”结构
How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.[教材P83]
如何保护脆弱的生态系统是首要问题之一。
句法分析
本句中的“How to protect the delicate ecosystem”为“疑问词＋不定式短语”结构。
归纳拓展
1 “疑问词＋不定式 短语 ”结构指what、which、whom、who、where、when、whether、how等加不定式 短语 构成的结构，在句中起名词作用，可以作主语、宾语和表语；
2 在“疑问代词＋不定式 短语 ”结构中，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义；
3 “疑问词＋不定式 短语 ”结构作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式；
4 “疑问词＋不定式 短语 ”结构可以转换成相应的名词性从句
佳句背诵
Where to go tomorrow has not been decided.
明天去哪里尚未决定。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)I was at a loss and didn't know what to_do (do) next.
(2)The problem is whether to_accept(accept) her invitation or not.
(3)There're so many kinds of cups on sale that I can't decide which one to_buy(buy)．
达标 练案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．As he swims, his body temperature steadily drops, which in turn causes his muscle control to drop, slowing him down.
2．Babies have very delicate skin.
3．China has splendid culture with a long history.
4．It's a leisurely(悠闲的) season long tour of a continent wide buffet line.
5．Their cancers are not so clearly tied to radiation exposure.
6．The traditional philosophy is a kind of mirror like(如镜面般的) philosophy characterized by “fundamentalism”．
7．She kept telling me how things were different in Puerto Rico, to always put on sunscreen, not to wander away from my grandmother, and other warnings.
8．The fancy natural scenery and life there, along with the author's romantic and intensive emotions will inspire you to explore the mysterious land.
Ⅱ.短语填空
catch one's eye；be about to do；thanks to；work on；overcome the challenges of；above sea level；reach out；bring... to life； be located at； at one's leisure
1．If I choose to work_on other projects in my own time, then I say that is my business.
2．These old men and women usually go to dance at_their_leisure.
3．She had some doubts about what she was_about_to_do.
4．If we keep that spirit alive, then I know that we will overcome_the_challenges_of our time.
5．The moment a tourist enters the forest, one amazing view after another will catch_his/her_eye.
6．The Museum is_located_at the edge of the airfield. In general, exhibits are in good condition.
7．The Qinghai Tibet Plateau is the world's highest plateau, averaging over 4,000 metres above_sea_level and covering an area of about 2,500,000 square kilometres.
8．Let us reach_out our hands to catch a falling leaf and write our words on it.
9．His aim, in which he succeeds proudly, is to bring the culture of the time to_life.
10．Mankind are probably more aware of these worldwide problems than ever before thanks_to advances in technology and communication.
课时作业(十六) Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The eye is one of the most delicate(脆弱的) organs of the body.
2．With such drive, there's no difficulty that they can't overcome(克服).
3．To our shock, the explosion made a massive(巨大的) hole in the ground.
4．The Oriental Pearl Television Tower is a famous landmark(地标) in Shanghai.
5．These days we have more money and more leisure(空闲) to enjoy our life.
6．The local clubs are making every effort(努力) to interest more young people.
7．There is a possible link between exposure to radiation(辐射) and childhood cancer.
8．She wandered(徘徊) aimlessly around the streets and didn't know where she should go.
9．The climbers stood on the top of the mountain, enjoying the splendid(壮丽的) view of the city.
10．To solve the problem of feeding a population of more than 1.4 billion is a big challenge(挑战) to China.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．What changeable(change) weather, fine one moment, raining the next!
2．Traffic in rush hour is very terrible, particularly(particular) in the city centre.
3．The operation is successful and my father's health is improving steadily(steady)．
4．I made great progress in English, which gave me a great sense of achievement(achieve)．
5．You know, I have_been_looking(look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview.
6．It is my dearest hope that one day she will find the happiness she truly(true) deserves.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．England must win this game to be/make_sure_of qualifying.
英格兰队必须拿下这场比赛才能确保获得资格。
2．I see them pass_by my house every day.
我每天看见他们从我家旁边经过。
3．She has_been_sleeping for 6 hours and still cannot wake up.
她已经睡了6个小时，到现在还没有醒来。
4．He was so_tired_that he fell asleep as soon as he got home.
他太累了，以致于一到家就睡着了。
5．The teacher really brought_French_to_life for us last term.
上个学期这位老师给我们把法语教得生动活泼。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
If you have a long holiday to spend, where can you go
Nikoi Island, Indonesia
Less than 85 km—but somehow a whole world away—from Singapore's shining skyline lies Nikoi Island. Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikoi's centre is hidden in rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity seen in its native plant, animal and bird life. Marrying traditional Indonesian craftsmanship with contemporary design, Nikoi boasts just 15 stilted(建于支柱上的) beach houses, all with breathtaking sea views, guaranteeing privacy and total escape from the daily grind.
Amanpulo, Philippines
The only property on Pamalican Island, the luxurious Amanpulo resort offers extremely impressive accommodation, with only access to over five kilometres of clean coral sand beach. Designed to resemble local Bahay Kubo homes, Amanpulo's beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks(吊床) from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish blue sea below. Fill your schedule with Amanpulo's signature aquatic adventures (including diving, windsurfing and sailing), recharge in the award winning spa or feast upon locally caught seafood—the choice is yours.
Song Saa, Cambodia
Song Saa's incredible ocean views, and breathtaking sunsets are a very typical example of pure paradise. Its 24 villas—each with their own sea view private plunge pool—are designed to reflect the natural beauty of Cambodia's coastline; built from recycled wood with straw roofs and driftwood furnishings, these presences are stylish proof of Song Saa's admirable commitment to sustainability and conservation. You can choose to do as much or as little as you want here. With rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkeling, it just offers some of the activities that show this spectacular destination.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个度假胜地。
1．What can we see in the centre of Nikoi's Island
A．Lands of desert.
B．Streams and rivers.
C．Kinds of animals and plants.
D．Tall buildings.
解析：细节理解题。根据Nikoi Island, Indonesia部分的“Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikoi's centre is hidden in rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity seen in its native plant, animal and bird life.” 可知，Nikoi's Island位于热带雨林，里面有各种各样的植物、动物。故选C项。
答案：C
2．What can we learn about the Amanpulo's villas
A．They are made of bricks.
B．We can have a good view of the sea there.
C．They are very expensive.
D．We can learn many historic stories from them.
解析：细节理解题。根据Amanpulo, Philippines部分的“Amanpulo's beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks(吊床) from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish blue sea below.”可知，游客们可以从Amanpulo的别墅区欣赏下面大海的风景。故选B项。
答案：B
3．What activity can you enjoy in Song Saa
A．Surfing. B．White rafting.
C．Mountain climbing. D．Rainforest tour.
解析：细节理解题。根据Song Saa, Cambodia部分的“With rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkeling, it just offers some of the activities that show this spectacular destination.”可知，在Song Saa，游客们可以参观热带雨林、岛屿游猎和进行珊瑚礁浮潜。故选D项。
答案：D
Ⅴ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In 1945, a 12 year old boy saw a beautiful brooch(胸针) in a shop window that set his heart racing. But the price—five dollars—was too high for Reuben Earle. Five dollars would buy almost a week's food for his family.
Reuben couldn't ask his father for the money. Everything his father made through fishing went to his mother, Dora. Slim and beautiful, she was the center of the home, the glue that held it together. The housework was never ending, and she struggled to feed and clothe their five children but she was happy as her family and their well being were all she cared about.
Nevertheless, he opened the shop's weathered(风化的) door and went inside. Standing proud and straight in his flour sack(面粉袋改做的) shirt and washed out trousers, he told the shopkeeper what he wanted, adding，“But I don't have the money right now. Can you please hold it for me for some time？”
“I'll try，” the shopkeeper smiled. “People around here don't usually have that kind of money to spend on things. It should keep for a while.”
Reuben respectfully touched his worn cap and walked out. He would raise the money and not tell anybody, for he thought Mum would get surprised when she saw that brooch. On hearing the sound of hammering from a side street, Reuben suddenly had an idea that he could raise money by selling the used nail bags(装钉子的麻袋). People built their own homes in Bay Roberts, using nails bought in bags from a local factory. Sometimes the used bags were thrown away at the construction site, and Reuben knew he could sell them back to the factory for five cents a piece.
That day he sold two nail bags and hid the money in a rusty soda tin(汽水罐)．
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Every day after school, Reuben started his plan. _________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
Every day after school, Reuben started his plan. Cold and hungry, Reuben wandered the streets, searching for the nail bags carefully. To save more money, he even decided to deliver papers in the early morning. Exhausted and tired as he felt, he still stuck to the plan. It was the brooch in the shop window that reminded him that what he did was worthwhile. After a long time of hard work, he made it eventually.
Finally the time came! He took out the soda tin, poured the coins out and began to count. Five dollars! His hard work paid off! Holding the soda tin firmly, Reuben rushed for the shop to buy the brooch. The moment he got the beautiful brooch, he burst through the front door and placed it in Dora's hand. Never had Dora received such a gift. Speechless and happy, she held her son tightly into her arms, with tears welling up in her eyes.
Section Ⅱ Using language
Ⅰ.核心单词
roar n. 吼叫声，咆哮声
economy n. 经济
3．jungle n. (热带)丛林
4．disturb v. 干扰，扰乱
5．operator n. 经营者
6．emission n. 散发物，排放物
7．conservationist n. (动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者；环境保护主义者
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．brush off 刷掉，掸掉或拂掉(某物)
2．bat away 击退
3．pull off 转向，脱下
4．become concerned about 对……关心
5．in particular 特别，尤其
6．use up 用尽，耗尽
7．in harmony with 与……协调一致；_与……和谐
8．in turn 反过来
Ⅲ.经典结构
我试着把那些在黑云中绕着我的头飞了好一阵的大昆虫拍走。
I try to bat away the huge insects, which_have_been_flying around my head in a black cloud for quite a while.
Ⅳ.必备语法
现在完成进行时
1．They have_been_building(build) the bridge for two months.
2．We have_been_waiting(wait) for you for half an hour.
3．They have_been_living(live) in this city for ten years.
词汇 精讲
1．pull off 脱下；短暂停车；做成；努力实现
[教材P86]I pull off the headset and I'm back in my living room.我摘下耳机，回到客厅。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
She pulls off her hat and her hair blows across her mouth, tasting of salt.
她摘下帽子，她的头发拂过嘴唇，一股咸咸的味道。
巧学活用
完成句子
(1)She pulled_out onto the street.
她将车开到了街上。
(2)The cab pulled_up and the driver jumped out.
出租车慢慢停了下来，司机跳下了车。
2．be concerned about 担心
[教材P89]As tourism develops, people are becoming increasingly concerned about the environment.随着旅游业的发展，人们越来越关注环境。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
The president is deeply concerned about this issue.
总统对这个问题深感担忧。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)As far as I'm concerned(concern), he's a more suitable candidate.
(2)We should be concerned about the safety problems.
3．lay vt. 产卵；搁放；放置；铺放；涂，敷
[教材P89]However, the local people worry that building the hotel is not eco friendly and will disturb the wildlife, in particular the turtles which lay their eggs on White Beach.然而，当地人担心，建造这家酒店是不环保的而且会干扰野生动物，特别是那些在白沙滩上产卵的海龟。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds' nests.
杜鹃在其他鸟的巢中产蛋。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)Don't try to lay the blame on_ me. I wasn't even there that day.
(2)You can lay all the pieces _out on the card before you stick them down.
4．admit v. 承认；允许进入；接纳
[教材P89]But they also admit that building the hotel will provide more jobs for people living in the area.但他们也承认，建造这家酒店将为居住在这一地区的人们提供更多工作。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
I admit that I was wrong.
我承认我错了。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)It looks that they'll be admitted to/into the fellowship.
(2)You must admit the task to_be(be)difficult.
现在完成进行时
知识 精讲
一、现在完成进行时的构成和用法
现在完成进行时的构成为“have/has been＋现在分词”。主要用法如下：
1．表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作。这个动作可能刚停止，也可能继续下去。常与all night、all this time、all the morning、this week、this month、recently等时间状语以及since＋时间点、for＋时间段等时间状语连用。
Tom has been working hard since the new term began.
自从新学期开始以来，汤姆一直在努力学习。
Sorry! I'm late. How long have you been waiting for me
对不起！我来迟了。你等了我多长时间？
2．表示在一段持续的时间内动作的多次重复，而这个重复的动作在说话时并不一定在进行。
They have been discussing the matter several times this year.
他们今年已经数次讨论那件事了。
3．表示强烈的感彩。
Who's been eating my apples
谁一直在吃我的苹果？
二、现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别
时态 基本语法功能 动作的反复 感彩
现在完成 进行时 强调动作的持续性 可表示动 作的反复 可表示强烈 的感彩
现在 完成时 强调动作对现在的 影响或产生的后果 不表示动 作的反复 一般不含有 感彩
We have been cleaning the classroom.
我们一直在打扫教室。(尚未完成)
We have cleaned the classroom.
我们把教室打扫过了。(已经完成)
Have you been meeting her lately
你最近跟她见过面吗？(强调动作重复)
Have you met her lately
你最近跟她见过面吗？(强调结果)
Where have you been？We have been looking for you everywhere.
你到哪里去了？我们到处在找你。(表示不满)
We have looked for him, but haven't found him.
我们找过他，但没有找到他。(无感彩)
达标 练案
单句语法填空
1．So far Peter hasn't_called(not call) back. Shall we make a phone call to him again
2．It is the third time that you have_come(come) to our school.
3．In the past two hours, I have_been_watching(watch) TV.
4．She ought to stop working; she has a headache because she has_been_reading(read) all day long.
5．Jones cares about you very much and has_been_asking(ask) about your health.
6．Here he is! We have_been_waiting(wait) anxiously for him since last night.
7．They have_relaxed(relax) for three hours but they still feel tired.
8．I have_been_looking(look) for my lost book for three days, but I still haven't found it.
9．The telephone has_been_ringing(ring) for minutes, but no one has_answered(answer) it.
课时作业(十七) Section Ⅱ Using language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I'm sorry to disturb(打扰) you, but can I talk to you for a moment
2．The scientist discovered the plant in the most inaccessible reaches of the jungle(丛林)．
3．As an operator(经营者), you must think carefully about how to improve the service of your restaurant.
4．Thanks to the government's effective measures, the economy(经济) of our country is showing a tendency to improve.
5．A conservationist(环境保护主义者) is someone who works to protect the environment.
Ⅱ.小语境填空
1．—I am sorry I have_kept(keep) you waiting so long.
—It is all right. I have_been_reading(read) the newspapers.
2．—Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday
—No, but we have_been_trying(try) to get in touch with them ever since.
3．Now that she is out of a job, Lucy has_been_considering(consider) going back to school, but she hasn't_decided(not decide) yet.
4．—I'm sure Andrew will_win(win) the first prize in the final.
—I think so. He has_been_preparing(prepare) for it for months.
5．My sister has_been_learning(learn) English since she was(be) a child. She speaks(speak) English fluently now.
6．—We have_spent(spend) over 5,000 yuan recently.
—Well, it isn't surprising. Our friends and relatives have_been_coming(come) around all the time.
7．—Why, Jack, you look so tired!
—Well, I have_been_painting(paint) the house and I will_finish(finish) the work tomorrow.
8．—How terrible! I have_been_taking(take) medicine since last weekend.
—You will_feel (feel) better after you take three times more.
9．—Has Tom finished his homework
—No, I'm afraid he hasn't_finished(not finish) it yet. But he has_been_doing(do) his homework the whole day and I think he will_finish(finish) it in an hour.
10．—The young boy has_been_watching(watch) TV for almost two hours.
—Oh, I will_go(go) to tell him to stop for a rest.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．I have_been_writing the composition for two hours, but I haven't finished it yet.
这篇作文我写了两个小时了，但还没写完。
2．Oh, you've come at last! I have_been_waiting for you for two hours.
哦，你终于来了！我一直等了你两小时。
3．We have_been_studying here since two years ago and we will graduate in a year.
从两年前，我们就一直在这里学习，将于一年后毕业。
4．They have_been_working in the garden the whole afternoon.
整个下午他们一直都在园子里干活。
5．This TV station has_been_broadcasting English programmes since September, 2015.
这个电视台从2015年9月以来一直在播放英语节目。
Ⅳ.七选五
Should We Create More National Parks
to Save Endangered Animals
Don't you find it worrying that more and more species of animals are in real danger of becoming extinct __1__ And I think the best way to do this is for governments to create more national parks.
__2__ If this environment is destroyed—for example, when farmers clear a forest for new fields, or trees are cut down for making money—many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.
In addition, national parks protect animals from the danger of being hunted. A major reason why many species are endangered is that the animals are killed by hunters. They hunt animals to make money. __3__
On the other hand, some people fight against the creation of national parks because they consider it wrong to interfere(干涉) with nature. They believe that wild animals are happier living in their natural environment. __4__ They also point out that a few species are more likely to produce young animals in the wild than in national parks.
All in all, though, these disadvantages are far less important than the benefits of national parks. __5__ As a matter of fact, they protect animals from their greatest enemies, that is, human beings.
A．To begin with, animals are important to humans.
B．Some hunters even hunt animals simply for sport.
C．I personally believe that we must save these animals.
D．These parks allow animals to live in a safe environment.
E．Firstly, national parks protect the animals' natural environment.
F．They say though the animals may face danger, they enjoy a free life.
G．There is a heated discussion about whether to create more national parks.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了是否应该创建更多的国家公园来保护濒危动物。
1．解析：根据上文“Don't you find it worrying that more and more species of animals are in real danger of becoming extinct？”可知，越来越多的动物濒临灭绝；根据下文“And I think the best way to do this is for governments to create more national parks.”可知，作者认为最好的办法是政府建更多的国家公园。由此可知，C项“就自己而言，我认为我们必须拯救这些动物。”承接上下文，符合文意。故选C项。
答案：C
2．解析：根据下文“If this environment is destroyed—for example, when farmers clear a forest for new fields, or trees are cut down for making money—many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.”可知，要保护动物首先要保护动物生活的自然环境。由此可知，E项“首先，国家公园保护动物的自然环境。”引起下文，符合文意。故选E项。
答案：E
3．解析：本段讲述国家公园可以避免动物被猎杀，以及动物被猎杀的原因。根据上文“They hunt animals to make money.”可知，B项“有些猎人甚至纯粹为了运动而猎杀动物。”承接上文，符合文意。故选B项。
答案：B
4．解析：根据上文“They believe that wild animals are happier living in their natural environment.”可知，有些人认为野生动物更喜欢生活在大自然中。由此可知，F项“他们说尽管这些动物可能会面临危险，但是它们喜欢一种自由的生活。”承接上文，符合文意。故选F项。
答案：F
5．解析：根据下文“As a matter of fact, they protect animals from their greatest enemies, that is, human beings.”可知，国家公园可以保护动物免受人类的捕杀。由此可知，D项“这些公园允许动物生活在一个安全的环境中。”引起下文，符合文意。故选D项。
答案：D
Ⅴ.完形填空
My father collected birds' eggshells—beautiful blue pieces of robin's egg. All ten of us children __1__， often finding shells beside the path where a bird cleaned her house after her young had hatched (孵化)．
We'd __2__ a find and carry it to the house on the tip of a finger. Then we'd lay it __3__ on the bed of something soft Dad had prepared in a wide, __4__ desk drawer (抽屉). Mamma and Dad would examine each shell carefully and help us __5__ what kind of bird might have laid the egg. __6__， we collected hundreds of shell pieces, so many that we had to prepare another drawer for our __7__. Many of us also started our own __8__.
My siblings and I loved __9__， like seeing which one of us could swim the farthest underwater in the pond by our house. Of course we __10__ a competition of who could find the rarest (最稀有的) eggshell. Many birds lay blue eggs, except the hummingbird. A tiny hummingbird's shell was a sure __11__！
When I became a grandmother, my granddaughter and I __12__ the beloved family tradition. I value passing down this __13__ connection to the natural world, and sharing with my granddaughter my __14__ of being out on a summer's day with my brothers and sisters to __15__ for some of nature's most beautiful creations.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候和家人收集了鸟的蛋壳，与大自然建立联系的故事。当作者成为祖母时，她仍然和孙女继续着这一家庭传统。
1．A.agreed B．returned
C．refused D．contributed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们十个孩子都做出了贡献，经常在一只小鸟孵化后打扫房子的小路旁找蛋壳。A.agreed同意；B.returned返回；C.refused拒绝；D.contributed贡献。根据下文“often finding shells beside the path where a bird cleaned her house after her young had hatched (孵化)”可知，此处指“我们”十个孩子也帮爸爸找蛋壳。故选D。
答案：D
2．A.pick up B．hand in
C．turn to D．give out
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们会捡起发现的蛋壳，用指尖夹着把它带到家里。A.pick up拾起，捡起；B.hand in上交；C.turn to转向，向……求助；D.give out释放，发出。根据下文“and carry it to the house on the tip of a finger”可知，“我们”会先捡起发现的蛋壳。find在句中作名词，意为“发现物”。故选A。
答案：A
3．A.hurriedly B．carefully
C．impatiently D．secretly
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我们会小心地把它放在爸爸事先准备的又宽又空的抽屉里的柔软的“床”上。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.carefully小心地；C.impatiently不耐烦地；D.secretly悄悄地。根据下文“something soft”以及常识可知，蛋壳易碎，所以“我们”会小心翼翼地放。故选B。
答案：B
4．A.broken B．empty
C．beautiful D．messy
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.broken坏的；B.empty空的；C.beautiful漂亮的；D.messy凌乱的。根据空前“wide”可知，此处指抽屉又宽又空，目的是可以容纳很多蛋壳。故选B。
答案：B
5．A.remember B．revise
C．admit D．recognize
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸妈妈会仔细检查每一个壳，帮助我们识别可能是哪种鸟产的蛋。A.remember记得；B.revise修改；C.admit承认；D.recognize识别。根据下文“what kind of bird might have laid the egg”可知，此处指爸爸妈妈会仔细检查每一个壳，帮助“我们”识别可能是哪种鸟产的蛋。故选D。
答案：D
6．A.Instead B．However
C．Together D．Therefore
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们收集了数百枚蛋壳，数量如此之多，以至于我们不得不为我们的宝藏准备另一个抽屉。A.Instead相反；B.However然而；C.Together一起；D.Therefore因此。下文“so many that we had to prepare another drawer(数量如此之多，以至于“我们”不得不为我们的宝藏准备另一个抽屉)”与上文提到的“爸爸准备了一个抽屉来装这些收藏品”发生了转折。故选B。
答案：B
7．A.photos B．presents
C．treasures D．awards
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.photos照片；B.presents礼物；C.treasures珍宝；D.awards奖励。根据下文“Of course we __10__ a competition of who could find the rarest (最稀有的) eggshell.”可知，“我们”视这些蛋壳为珍宝。故选C。
答案：C
8．A.collection B．selection
C．invention D．life
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们中的许多孩子也开始了自己的收藏。A.collection收藏；B.selection选择；C.invention发明；D.life生活。根据下文“also started our own”中的also可知，“我们”也开始了自己的收藏。故选A。
答案：A
9．A.advance B．competitions
C．discussion D．differences
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和我的兄弟姐妹都喜欢比赛，比如在我们家旁边的池塘里看我们谁能在水下游得最远。A.advance进步；B.competitions比赛；C.discussion讨论；D.differences差异。根据下文“like seeing which one of us could swim the farthest underwater in the pond by our house”可知，“我”和“我”的兄弟姐妹都喜欢比赛。故选B。
答案：B
10．A.missed B．named
C．started D．watched
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我们开始了一场谁能找到最稀有蛋壳的竞赛。A.missed错过，想念；B.named命名；C.started开始；D.watched观看。根据下文“a competition of who could find the rarest (最稀有的) eggshell”可知，“我们”开始了一场谁能找到最稀有蛋壳的竞赛。故选C。
答案：C
11．A.mistake B．helper
C．misfortune D．winner
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：谁能找到小蜂鸟的蛋壳谁就是获胜者！A.mistake错误；B.helper助手；C.misfortune不幸；D.winner获胜者。根据上文“Many birds lay blue eggs, except the hummingbird.”可知，除了蜂鸟，许多鸟都产蓝色的蛋。因此，蜂鸟的蛋壳是很稀有的。所以谁找到小蜂鸟的壳，谁就是获胜者。故选D。
答案：D
12．A.continued B．changed
C．removed D．improved
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我成为祖母时，我和孙女继续着我深爱的家庭传统。A.continued继续；B.changed改变；C.removed移除；D.improved改进。根据下文“I value passing down this __13__ connection to the natural world”可知，当“我”成为祖母时，“我”和孙女继续着“我”深爱的家庭传统。故选A。
答案：A
13．A.formal B．unique
C．common D．hidden
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我珍视与自然界的这种独特联系，并与孙女分享我与兄弟姐妹在夏天外出寻找大自然最美丽产物的回忆。A.formal正式的；B.unique独特的；C.common普通的；D.hidden隐藏的。根据下文“connection to the natural world”可知，“我们”一家人与大自然的联系是独特的。故选B。
答案：B
14．A.dreams B．thoughts
C．memories D．promises
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.dreams梦想；B.thoughts想法；C.memories记忆；D.promises承诺。根据下文“being out on a summer's day with my brothers and sisters to __15__ for some of nature's most beautiful creations”可知，此处指“我”与孙女分享“我”与兄弟姐妹寻找蛋壳的回忆。故选C。
答案：C
15．A.fight B．wait
C．prepare D．search
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.fight斗争；B.wait等待；C.prepare准备；D.search寻找。根据上文“often finding shells beside the path”可知，此处指“我”与兄弟姐妹在夏天外出寻找蛋壳，search for与finding同义词复现。故选D。
答案：D
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
原文 呈现
THE BEST JOB IN THE WORLD
How would you like to spend six months living on an island and looking after the Great Barrier Reef The working hours are flexible① and accommodation is provided. Key duties include exploring the islands of the reef and finding out [1]what_the_area_has_to_offer. You'll need to report back via② weekly blogs, photo diaries and video updates. You'll also be asked to promote the islands through newspapers, magazines and TV interviews.
读文 清障
①flexible/'fleks bl/adj. 灵活的
②via /'va / prep. 通过(某人、某机器等)传送(某物)；借助于
[1]what 引导的宾语从句，作finding out的宾语。
世界上最棒的工作
你愿意花费六个月生活在一座岛上，并照看大堡礁吗？工作时间灵活，并提供住宿。主要职责包括探索大堡礁的岛屿，探寻当地的自然资源。你将需要通过每周博客、照片日志和视频更新(的方式)来汇报(工作成果)，你还需要通过报纸、杂志和电视采访宣传这些岛屿
原文 呈现
This call for an island caretaker attracted interest from all over the world. It was actually a very clever means③ [2]to_highlight_the_importance_of_the_Great_Barrier_Reef_and_the_need_to_protect_it.
读文 清障
③means /mi nz/ n. 方式；方法
[2]不定式短语作后置定语，修饰means。
这则岛屿管理员的招聘广告吸引了全世界的兴趣。这其实是一种绝妙的手段，既突出了大堡礁的重要性，又强调了大堡礁需要 人类 保护。
原文 呈现
Located④ off the coast of North east Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is the largest living thing on the planet. About the size of Japan, it even can be seen from outer space. More than 25 million years old, the Great Barrier Reef is made up of living coral [3]growing_on_dead_coral. It is host to many species of birds and sea creatures. But this unique and delicate place is now under threat from pollution and climate change.
读文 清障
④located/l 'ke t d/adj. 位于
[3]现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰living coral。
大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北部近海处，是地球上最大的生物。大堡礁整体面积接近日本的国土面积，甚至从外太空都能看得到它。大堡礁已有超过两千五百万年的历史，由生长在死珊瑚上的活珊瑚组成。它是许多鸟类和海洋生物的寄主。但如今，这一独特又脆弱的地方正在遭受污染和气候变化的威胁。
原文 呈现
[4]To_get_this_job,_the candidates⑤ had to make a short video showing how much they knew about the reef. They also needed to prove why they were the best person to do the job. Out of the thousands of applicants⑥， eleven were selected, including a young woman from China. Eventually, the job was offered to Ben Southall from the UK.
读文 清障
⑤candidate/'k nd d t/ n. 申请者
⑥applicant/' pl k nt/ n. 申请人
[4]不定式短语作目的状语。
要想得到这份工作，应聘者必须制作一个简短的视频，展示自己对大堡礁的了解程度。他们还需要证明为何自己是做这份工作的最佳人选。数千名应聘者中，入选人有十一个，包括一个年轻的中国姑娘。最终，来自英国的本·索撒尔获得了这份工作。
原文 呈现
Ben did a lot during his time as an island caretaker. In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of⑦ its defence. He also worked as a presenter for the National Geographic Channel, before going on to write a book about his experiences. Ben later joked [5]that the job should have been advertised⑧ not as the “best”， but the “busiest job in the world”！
读文 清障
⑦in favour of 支持；赞同
favour /'fe v / n. 支持，赞同
⑧advertise /' dv ta z/
v. (为……)做广告(宣传)
[5]that 引导的宾语从句，作joked的宾语。
本在做岛屿管理员期间做了很多事情。除了发布博客、拍照片和写关于大堡礁的文章外，本还多次在电视上露面号召保护大堡礁。他也担任过国家地理频道的主持人，在那之后，本把自己的经历写成了一本书。本后来开玩笑说，这个工作的招聘启事上应该写“世界上最繁忙的工作”，而不是“最棒的”。
原文 呈现
[6]Whether_it_was_a_genuine_job_offer_or_an_eye catching_marketing_event isn't really important. The most important thing was that people all over the world became aware of the beauty of the ocean in the area. What's more, they came to understand the delicate balance that the environment exists in and what can, and must, be done to protect the reef. That way, it will remain a safe habitat⑨ for wildlife, as well as a dream destination for the millions of tourists who visit it each year.
读文 清障
⑨habitat /'h b t t/ n. (动植物的)生活环境，栖息地
[6]Whether 引导的主语从句。
不管这是一个真正的工作机会，还是一场吸引眼球的营销活动，其实都不重要。最重要的事情是，全世界的人们认识到了这片大海的美丽。而且，他们还意识到环境存在于微妙的平衡之中，也知道了人类能够且必须采取什么行动来保护大堡礁。只有如此，大堡礁才能继续作为野生动物的安全栖息地以及每年数百万游客梦寐以求的参观目的地。
基础 自测
Ⅰ.重点单词
基础词汇
1．via prep. 通过(某人、某机器等)传送(某物)；借助于
2．candidate_ n. 申请者
3．genuine adj. 真的，真正的
4．salary n. 薪金，工资
5．waist n. 腰，腰部
拓展词汇
1．applicant n. 申请人→apply v. 申请，请求；使用；应用；适用→application n. 请求；申请；申请表；应用
2．favour n. 支持，赞同→favourable adj. 给人好印象的；赞同的，支持的；有利的，有助于……的→favourite adj. 最喜欢的 n. 最喜爱的人(或事物)
3．advertise v. (为……)做广告(宣传)→advertisement n. 广告
4．negotiable adj. 可协商的→negotiate v. 谈判；磋商；协商；商定；达成(协议)→negotiation n. (尤指商业或政治方面的)谈判，协商，磋商
5．preference n. 优先(权)→prefer v. 较喜欢；喜欢……多于……
6．qualification n. 技能条件，资格→qualify v. 使合格；使具有资格→qualified adj. 有资格的；能胜任的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．be_made_up_of... 由……组成
2．in_addition_to... 除了……还……
3．in_favour_of 支持，赞同
4．be/become_aware_of 意识到；知道
5．under threat 受到威胁
6．team up with... 与……合作
Ⅲ.重点句型
Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”， but the “busiest job in the world”！
本后来开玩笑说，这个工作的招聘启事上应该写“世界上最繁忙的工作”，而不是“最棒的”。
语篇 细研
Ⅰ.根据课文内容选择最佳选项
1．What's the job offered
A．To take photos.
B．To update blogs.
C．To look after the reef.
D．To promote the reef.
答案：C
2．Which of the following descriptions is TRUE about the reef
A．It is over 25 billion years old.
B．It can be seen in space.
C．It is made up of dead coral.
D．It can prevent itself from being polluted.
答案：B
3．How can the candidates be offered the job
A．To make a video.
B．To prove why he or she is the best choice.
C．To show his knowledge.
D．To promote his wealth.
答案：B
4．How does Ben Southall think of his job
A．Busiest. B．Best.
C．Relaxing. D．Boring.
答案：A
5．What's the attitude of the people to the reef
A．People dream of visiting the reef every year.
B．People come to understand the importance of the environment.
C．People hold the view that the reef is a safe habitat for fish.
D．People have been aware of the delicate condition of it.
答案：D
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
How would you like to spend six months 1.living(live) on an island and looking after the Great Barrier Reef The working hours are flexible and accommodation 2.is_provided(provide). This call for an island caretaker was 3.actually(actual) a very clever means to highlight the importance of the Great Barrier Reef and the need to protect it.
4．Located(locate) off the coast of North east Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is the largest living thing on the planet. It is host to many species of birds and sea creatures. But this unique and delicate place is now 5.under threat from pollution and climate change.
6．To_get(get) this job, the candidates had to make a short video showing how much they knew about the reef. They also needed to offer the reasons 7.why they were the best person to do the job. Out of the thousands of applicants, eleven were selected, including a young woman from China. Eventually, the job 8.was_offered(offer) to Ben Southall from the UK.Whether it was a genuine job offer 9.or an eye catching marketing event isn't really important. The most important thing was that people all over the world became aware of the 10.beauty(beautiful) of the ocean in the area and the need to protect it.
词汇 精讲
1．accommodation n. 住处；膳宿
[教材P90]The working hours are flexible and accommodation is provided.工作时间灵活，并提供住宿。
归纳拓展
(1)make/provide accommodation/accommodations for... 为……提供住处/膳宿
(2)accommodate v. 为(某人)提供住宿；容纳(乘客等)；供应；(使)适应
accommodate sb. for the night 留某人过夜
accommodate... with... 用……帮……忙/给……提供方便
accommodate... to... 使……适合/迎合……
accommodate oneself to... 使自己适应于……
佳句背诵
Our accommodation is barely adequate.
我们的住房几乎不够。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)The large room can accommodate ten people for the night.
(2)He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad.
(3)After the flood, the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodation(s)(accommodate) for the homeless families.
2．applicant n. 申请人
[教材P91]Out of the thousands of applicants, eleven were selected, including a young woman from China.数千名应聘者中，入选人有十一个，包括一个年轻的中国姑娘。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
The right thing would be to apply direct pressure to the wound.
正确的做法是直接按住伤口。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)I lost my card yesterday so I have to apply for a new one today.
(2)Hearing that there will be an international conference next week, I apply to_be(be) a volunteer translator.
(3)The rules of safe driving apply to everyone, without exception.
(4)After graduation, I'll apply what I have learned in the university to my future job.
(5)He is now applying himself to studying(study) traditional Chinese medical science.
(6)He was upset because his application(apply) had been rejected.
3．favour n. 支持，赞同；恩惠，帮助；善意的行为；偏爱；偏袒 v. 支持；喜爱；偏袒
[教材P92]In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence. 除了发布博客、拍照片和写关于大堡礁的文章外，本还多次在电视上露面号召保护大堡礁。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
I've come to ask you to do me a favour.
我是来请你帮我一个忙的。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)Opportunities and success tend to be in favour of those who are ready.
(2)Since you are in need of help, why don't ask a favour of your friends
(3)Can you do a favour for me and tell Kelly I'm here
(4)The situation both at home and abroad is in our favour.
(5)He tried his best to make a favourable(favour) impression on her parents.
4．negotiable adj. 可协商的
[教材P94]Salary negotiable; accommodation and meals provided.薪水面议，提供食宿。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
He warned that his economic programme for the country was not negotiable.
他提醒说，他为这个国家制定的经济计划没有商量的余地。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)We have decided to negotiate with the employers about our wage claim.
(2)The negotiation(negotiate) broke down because one side refused to play the game.
5．qualification n. 技能条件，资格；合格证书
[教材P94]All applications welcome, but preference will be given to those with diving qualifications.欢迎所有的申请(人)，但有潜水资格证者优先考虑。
归纳拓展
佳句背诵
What sort of qualifications do you need for the job
做这项工作你需要什么资格？
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)This training course will qualify you for a better job.
(2)I am confident that I am qualified(qualify) for the post.
句型 精析
“not... but...” 结构
Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”， but the “busiest job in the world”！[教材P92]
本后来开玩笑说，这个工作的招聘启事上应该写“世界上最繁忙的工作”，而不是“最棒的”。
句法分析
本句中的“not... but...”结构意为“不是……而是……”。
归纳拓展
1 not... but... 连接两个主语时，谓语的数要遵循“就近原则”。
2 not only... but also... 意为“不但……而且……”，连接两个主语时，谓语的数也要遵循“就近原则”。
佳句背诵
She wants to buy not a skirt, but a dress.
她想买的不是一条短裙，而是一条连衣裙。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
(1)Not the passengers but the driver is(be) to be responsible for the accident.
(2)Not only the girl but also her parents are(be) fond of the film.
达标 练案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We recommend that female applicants not wear a dress or clothing which is difficult to move around.
2．When you're searching for the perfect secret site within your existing set up, consider your present favourite spot.
3．I've just been reading a paper and I find a job advertisement on it will be perfect for you.
4．They are not made of genuine leather, which give off bad smell.
5．Generally speaking, the common wisdom is that it's always better to specialize and then you can demand a higher salary.
6．The bonds may no longer be negotiable.
7．Songwriters who earn over $10,000 annually from song publishing royalties do not have qualifications.
8．But unfortunately from his waist down, he had no motor ability.
Ⅱ.短语填空
1. In_addition,_the UN helps protect human rights and works to improve international laws.
2．Although our “act” would last only for a short time, we could see quite a_number_of interesting things.
3．We are in_favour_of her promotion to president.
4．I was asked if I was_aware_of anyone who was looking for work and could do the job as well as I had done.
写招聘广告
技法 指导
本单元的写作目标是“写一则招聘广告”。可以通过以下三个部分来进行写作：
第一部分：这项工作持续多长时间；
第二部分：做这项工作有哪些责任；
第三部分：这项工作提供哪些好处。
增分 佳句
1．Our company is looking for an editor for our newspaper.
我们公司正在寻找一位报纸编辑。
2．An experienced driver is wanted in our company.
我们公司需要一位有经验的司机。
3．Our school decides to invite an international student to work as an English Study Advisor next term.
我们学校决定下学期邀请一名国际学生担任英语学习顾问。
4．The obligation is to pick out articles from students in our school and edit them for use.
职责是从我们学校的学生那里挑选文章并编辑使用。
5．First, he/she must be willing to devote some of the spare time to serving others.
首先，他/她必须愿意奉献一些为他人服务的空闲时间。
6．It's necessary for him/her to be good at both English and arts.
他/她必须精通英语和艺术。
7．A stable personality and high sense of responsibility are desirable.
需要个性稳重，具有高度责任感(的人)。
8．Being Familiar with international trade issues will be an added advantage.
熟悉国际贸易问题者尤佳。
9．Payment for the service will be discussed during the interview.
服务费用将在面试期间被讨论。
10．If you are interested in the position, please email us.
如果你对这个职位感兴趣，请发邮件给我们。
11．Those who are interested in the job, please get in touch with us this week.
那些对这份工作感兴趣的人，请于本周与我们联系。
写作 实例
你校学生会需招聘一名留学生做英语学习顾问，请你以短文形式写一则招聘启事。内容主要包括：
1．母语是英语，汉语流利者优先；
2．解答学生英语学习问题，协助组织英语活动；
3．每周4小时，报酬面议；
4．联系人：李华。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
English Advisor Wanted
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Students' Union
一、词汇训练
1．applicant n. 申请人
2．qualification n. 技能条件，资格
3．salary n. 薪金，工资
4．negotiable adj. 可协商的
二、句型训练
1．我们学校的学生会正在寻找一名国际学生担任英语顾问。
The Student Union of our school is looking for an international student to_work_as an English advisor.
2．顾问的主要职责包括回答学生在学习英语方面的问题，帮助组织活动，如唱英语歌曲、举办英语晚会等。
The main responsibilities of the advisor include answering_students'_problems_in_learning_English,_and helping_organize_activities such as singing English songs, holding English evenings, etc.
3．顾问预计每周工作4小时。
The advisor is_expected_to_work 4 hours per week.
三、篇章训练
English Advisor Wanted
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Students' Union
【参考范文】
English Advisor Wanted
The Students' Union of our school is looking for an international student to work as an English advisor. The applicant should be a native speaker of English. Fluency in Chinese is a necessary qualification.
The main responsibilities of the advisor include answering students' problems in learning English, and helping organize activities such as singing English songs, holding English evenings, etc. The advisor is expected to work 4 hours per week. Salary for the service is negotiable.
If you are interested, please call Li Hua for an interview.
Students'_Union
课时作业(十八) Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Only a short sighted man will lose sight of the importance(important) of education.
2．His friends were taken a surprise by his sudden appearance(appear) at the party yesterday.
3．The government will provide temporary accommodation(accommodate) for up to three thousand people.
4．They have shorter working(work) hours and longer free time than before.
5．We should show our sincere respect for the soldiers who died in defence(defend) of our country.
6．I thought she sounded a genuinely(genuine) caring and helpful person.
7．You mustn't sacrifice environmental(environment) protection to promote economic growth.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The future of wild birds is under_threat.
野生鸟类的未来正在受到威胁。
2．Two thirds of the residents are_in_favour_of the policy.
三分之二的居民赞成这个政策。
3．The audience was made_up_of young children.
观众由小孩子组成。
4．We are aware_of the potential problems.
我们意识到潜在的问题。
5．Your teaching experience is a necessary qualification_for the job.
你的教学经验是担任这项工作的必要条件。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to African ecosystem(生态系统). Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment. As a big plant eater, it largely shapes the forest and savanna(稀树草原) surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting_the_terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.
It is the elephant's great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant eaters.
Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations, the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant eaters to move around and for small plant eaters to get their food as well.
What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了非洲大象对生态的影响，并解释了具体原因。
1．What is the passage mainly about
A．Disappearance of African elephants.
B．Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.
C．The effect of African elephants' search for food.
D．The eating habit of African elephants.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文并根据第二段的“It is the elephant's great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat.”可知，大象对食物的巨大欲望使它成为环境的干预者和栖息地的重要建设者。由此可知，本文主要介绍了非洲象寻找食物所带来的影响。故选C项。
答案：C
2．What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean
A．Fixing the time.
B．Worsening the state.
C．Improving the quality.
D．Deciding the conditions.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“As a big plant eater, it largely shapes the forest and savanna(稀树草原)surroundings in which it lives”可知，非洲大象塑造了草原的环境，因此也决定了其他动物的生存环境。由此可知，画线词与D项“决定环境”意思相同。故选D项。
答案：D
3．What do we know about the open spaces in the passage
A．They result from the destruction of rain forests.
B．They provide food mainly for African elephants.
C．They are home to many endangered animals.
D．They are attractive to plant eating animals of different kinds.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant eaters.”可知，在这些开阔的空间中有许多处于不同生长阶段的植物，它们吸引着各种其他食草动物。故选D项。
答案：D
4．The passage is developed mainly by ________.
A．showing the effect and then explaining the causes
B．pointing out similarities and differences
C．describing the changes in space order
D．giving examples
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文先提到了非洲象对环境的作用，然后具体解释它如何为其他动物创造生存环境。由此可知，本文采用的写作方法是先说明影响然后解释具体的原因。故选 A项。
答案：A
Ⅳ.语法填空
Early detection of visual impairment is crucial 1.________ frequently missed in young children, who are capable of only limited cooperation with standard vision tests.
Recently, Chinese scientists 2.________(develop) a smartphone based deep learning system for early detection of visual impairments in young children. 3.________was reported in the international science journal Nature Medicine last week, the research was conducted by a team 4.________(lead) by Lin Haotian, 5.________professor at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of the Sun Yat sen University.
The system is designed to induce a steady gaze in children by using cartoon like video imagery. Cameras capture features of the subjects for 6.________(far) analysis, using deep learning models. For capable of identifying 16 ophthalmic 7.________(disorder), such as congenital cataracts, congenital ptosis and congenital glaucoma, the system delivers an average screening 8.________(accurate) of more than 85 percent, said the report.
In the study, more than 25 million frames of videos from 3,652 children were collected 9.________(base) on deep learning software used i
