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题型过关第3讲 阅读理解
一、解题核心步骤：先题后文，定位关键，逐一突破
1. 第一步：快速浏览题目，圈出 “定位词”
目的：带着问题读文章，精准锁定答案区域，避免盲目阅读。
定位词选择：
显性定位词：数字（2025, 50%）、专有名词（人名 Lucy、地名 Beijing）、时间（yesterday, next week）；
隐性定位词：题干中的核心名词（如 “math test”“library”）、动词（buy, decide）或形容词（happy, nervous）。
例：题目问 “Where did Tom go yesterday ”，定位词为 “Tom” 和 “yesterday”，在读文章时重点找这两个词出现的句子。
2. 第二步：通读文章，标记 “三关键”
关键 1：段落首句和末句（常含段落主旨，帮助快速分层）；
关键 2：定位词附近的句子（根据第一步的定位词，在文中划出对应句）；
关键 3：逻辑信号词（but/however 表转折，so/therefore 表结果，first/then 表顺序）。
技巧：用 “下划线” 标记定位词，“波浪线” 标记答案句，方便后续检查。
3. 第三步：对比选项，遵循 “原文原则” 解题
正确答案的特征：
同义替换：选项用不同词汇表达与原文相同的意思（如文中 “happy”= 选项 “glad”）；
原词复现：关键词在选项和原文中同时出现（多见于细节题）。
例：文中句子为 “She bought a red coat in the shop.”，题目问 “What did she buy ”，正确选项为 “a red coat”（原词复现）或 “a coat in red”（同义替换）。
二、四大题型满分技巧：针对性攻克不同考点
1. 细节题（占比 60%+，初一最常考）
问法：What/Where/When/Who/How...
解题关键：根据定位词快速找到原文句子，对比选项与原文的一致性。
避坑点：
警惕 “偷换概念”：如文中 “Lucy’s bike”→选项 “Lily’s bike”（人物偷换）；
注意 “细节陷阱”：文中 “at 7:00”→选项 “at 8:00”（时间错误）。
例：文中 “Tom got up at 6:30 and had breakfast at 7:00.”，题目问 “When did Tom have breakfast ”，答案选 “At 7:00”。
2. 主旨题（问文章 / 段落大意）
问法：What’s the main idea of the passage / What’s the best title
解题技巧：
找 “主题句”：通常在首段首句、末段末句（如首句 “Today I want to tell you about my trip to the zoo.”）；
排除 “以偏概全” 的选项：若选项只提到文中某一个细节，而非整体内容，则错误。
例：文章讲 “周末和家人去公园野餐、放风筝、拍照”，主旨选项应选 “ A Happy Weekend with My Family”，而非 “Flying Kites in the Park”（仅为细节）。
3. 推理题（需根据原文推断隐含意思）
问法：What can we infer from the passage / Why did the boy...
解题原则：
答案不能直接在文中找到，需通过因果关系、情感态度推断；
必须基于原文，不能主观臆断（如文中没提 “他生气了”，就不能选 angry）。
例：文中 “He looked at the broken bike and his eyes were red.”，可推断 “He felt sad”（眼睛红了→难过）。
4. 词义猜测题（猜生词含义）
解题方法：
上下文逻辑法：通过 but（转折）、and（并列）或举例（for example）猜词，如：
“She is very kind, but her brother is rude.” 通过 but 转折，rude 与 kind（友好）反义，意为 “粗鲁的”；
词根词缀法：初一常见前缀 un-（unhappy = 不开心）、re-（rewrite = 重写）。
技巧：将选项代入原文，若语义通顺则为正确答案。
三、避坑指南：初一学生常犯错误及对策
1. 错误 1：凭常识答题，忽略原文依据
例：文中说 “Tom likes winter because he can make snowmen.”，题目问 “Why does Tom like winter ”，正确答案必须选 “Because he can make snowmen”，而非 “Because it’s cold”（即使常识正确，但原文没提）。
对策：牢记 “答案一定在文中”，用铅笔在文中划出答案依据句，避免主观判断。
2. 错误 2：遇到长句就慌，不会拆分结构
破解长句技巧：
找主语（谁做了什么）和谓语（动作），忽略修饰词（如形容词、介词短语），如：
“The little girl with short hair happily bought a new book in the shop.”
主干为 “The girl bought a book.”（小女孩买了书），其他为修饰细节。
对策：每天分析 1-2 个长句，用 “│” 划分主谓宾，提升句子理解能力。
3. 错误 3：选项纠结时，陷入 “思维陷阱”
常见陷阱：
“一半正确” 选项：前半句对，后半句错（如文中 “她喜欢苹果和香蕉”→选项 “她只喜欢苹果”）；
“过度推理” 选项：文中 “他没带伞”→选项 “他知道会下雨”（原文未提及，属于过度推断）。
对策：用 “排除法”，先划掉明显错误的选项，再对比剩余选项与原文的匹配度。
四、日常提分训练：3 步从 “读懂” 到 “做对”
1. 第一步：每日 1 篇精读（15 分钟）
选篇原则：
难度：文中生词量不超过 5 个（可查字典，但先尝试猜词）；
题材：故事、寓言、学校生活（初一高频话题）。
精读方法：
第一遍：限时 5 分钟做题；
第二遍：查出生词，翻译全文，分析错题原因。
2. 第二步：建立 “题型错题本”
按题型分类记录：
细节题错题：标注 “定位词没找对” 或 “选项偷换时间”；
主旨题错题：分析 “主题句在末段，未注意” 等原因。
例：
题目：What’s the best title
我的答案：A Trip to the Zoo
正确答案：Fun Activities in the Zoo
错误原因：选项 A 只提到 “去动物园”，未体现 “活动”，属于 “以偏概全”。
3. 第三步：提升阅读速度的 “扫读训练”
用手指或笔尖指着文字，从左到右快速移动，避免逐词翻译，训练 “抓关键词” 的能力：
扫读目标：5 秒内找出句子中的名词、动词（如 “Tom/run/park”）。
效果：长期训练可将阅读速度从每分钟 100 词提升至 150 词，为考试节省时间。
五、考场应急技巧：遇到难题这样办
“三不选” 原则：
与原文内容矛盾的选项不选；
文中完全没提到的选项不选；
过于绝对的选项不选（如 all, never，正确概率低）。
“主旨题蒙题技巧”：
含文中反复出现的关键词（如文章多次出现 “bike”，正确选项大概率含该词）；
选项长度适中，过于简短或冗长的可能错误。
“时间不够时的策略”：
优先做细节题（可快速定位），主旨题和推理题最后做，用 “串联各段首句” 的方法猜主旨。
Long ago in ancient China, there was a wise judge (法官) named Judge Li who was famous for his cleverness. One day, a farmer named Wang came to his court (法庭), crying, “Your Honor, my best horse is gone! I saw it in my neighbor Zhang’s horse barn (马棚). I know it’s mine because it has a white spot (斑点) on its forehead. But Zhang refuses to return it!”
Judge Li called Zhang, who argued, “This horse has been mine for years. Wang is lying!” The villagers disagreed—some believed Wang, while others trusted Zhang.
To solve the problem, Judge Li ordered the horse to be brought to the courtroom. He covered its head with a cloth and asked both men, “Describe the horse’s eyes in detail.”
Wang said at once, “Its left eye is slightly cloudy because it was hurt last year.” Zhang stopped, then guessed, “Its eyes are big and black, like all healthy horses!”
Judge Li removed the cloth, showing the horse’s cloudy left eye. Zhang’s face turned white. The judge said, “A true owner knows everything of his animal. The horse is Wang’s.”
But the story didn’t end there. A week later, the horse ran away into the mountains. Wang’s son ran after it but broke his leg. The villagers sighed, “What bad luck!” Wang, however, calmly said, “Who knows if this is truly bad luck ”
Soon after, a war broke out, and all young men were called to serve in the army—except Wang’s son, who didn’t have to go because of his injury (受伤). The villagers then understood: what seems like bad luck may turn into something good.
1．Why did Judge Li cover the horse’s head with a cloth
A．To hide the white spot and make the test more difficult.
B．To stop the horse from seeing its owner and running to him.
C．To make the horse feel comfortable during the test.
D．To test the men’s memory of the horse’s characteristics.
2．What does the underlined word “removed” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Covered with. B．Took off. C．Burnt up. D．Light up.
3．How did Judge Li decide the real owner of the horse
A．By letting the villagers decide on the owner. B．By testing the men’s knowledge of the horse.
C．By checking the government materials. D．By letting the horse freely choose its owner.
4．Why was Wang not worried about his son’s injury
A．Because he didn’t truly love his own son.
B．Because he wanted to encourage his son to be strong.
C．Because he believed bad luck could bring good.
D．Because he didn’t care what the villagers thought.
5．What is the main lesson of this story
A．Always trust the judge’s final decision. B．Good and bad luck often come together.
C．Never disagree with your neighbors. D．Horses are very important animals.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国古代，李法官智断农夫王的马归属案，后王的儿子因追马受伤，却因伤躲过战争服役，揭示了“塞翁失马，焉知非福”的道理。
1．推理判断题。根据“‘A true owner knows everything of his animal. The horse is Wang’s.’”可知，李法官用布盖住马头，让两人详细描述马的眼睛，是为了考验两人对马特征的记忆，以此判断谁是马真正的主人。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据“He covered its head with a cloth”和“showing the horse’s cloudy left eye”可知，前文说用布盖住马头，后文展示了马的左眼，由此推出“removed”应意为“取下”，“took off”意为“脱掉”与之意思相近。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“‘A true owner knows everything of his animal.’”可知，李法官通过考验两人对马的了解程度，即让他们描述马眼细节，判断出王是马的真正主人。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据王说的“‘Who knows if this is truly bad luck ’” 以及故事最后揭示的道理可知，王相信坏运气可能会带来好的结果，所以不担心儿子受伤。故选C。
5．推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，故事通过王的经历，展现了看似倒霉的事可能会变成好事，即好运和坏运常常相伴，揭示了“塞翁失马，焉知非福”的道理。故选B。
Little Snow White（选段5）
The queen went to a secret chamber. There she made a poisonous apple. It was cunningly made — half red and half white. It looked so temping, but whoever ate even a little bit must die. Then she dressed herself as an old peddler woman and went across seven mountains to where the seven dwarfs lived.
When she knocked at the door, Snow White put her head out of the window and said, “I dare not let anybody in.”
“Don’t worry,” answered the woman; “Here, let me give you one as a gift.”
“No,” answered Snow White, “the dwarfs warned me not to take anything from strangers.”
“Are you afraid of poison ” said the woman, pulling out a knife, “Look here. I cut the apple in two pieces; you shall have the white half, and I have the red half.” She took a bite of the red half then, smiling.
Seeing this, Snow White could no longer refrain. She reached for the white half. But the moment she bit into it, she fell to the ground as if dead. The queen laughed loudly and said, “This time no one can save you.”
6．The queen dressed herself as a peddler to ______.
A．sell apples B．buy apples C．visit the dwarfs D．visit Snow White
7．The underlined word “poisonous” means “______” in Chinese.
A．新鲜的 B．美味的 C．有毒的 D．腐烂的
8．What was the correct order of events in the story
①The queen disguised herself.
②Snow White fell to the ground.
③The queen made a poisonous apple.
④Snow White refused the apple at first.
A．①③②④ B．③④②① C．①④③② D．③①④②
9．The queen ate the apple herself to show ______.
A．her apples were safe B．her apples were fresh
C．her apples sold well. D．her apples taste good
10．What can we learn from the story
A．Don’t trust anyone. B．Friendship starts from gifts.
C．Trust strangers if they smile. D．Don’t get things from strangers.
【答案】6．A 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了皇后制作了一个半红半白的毒苹果，伪装成老小贩骗过白雪公主，白雪公主咬下白半块苹果后倒地“死亡”，皇后得意离去。
6．推理判断题。根据“she dressed herself as an old peddler woman”可知，她把自己打扮成一个卖东西的老妇人，可推断是假装卖苹果。故选A。
7．词句猜测题。根据“It was cunningly made ... whoever ate even a little bit must die.”可知，这个苹果被皇后精心处理过，无论谁吃了一点点，都必死无疑，可推断是有毒的，poisonous意为“有毒的”。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“she made a poisonous apple”“she dressed herself”“‘No,’ answered Snow White”和“she fell to the ground”可知，正确顺序是皇后制作毒苹果→伪装成小贩→公主拒绝→公主吃苹果后晕倒。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据“Are you afraid of poison ”和“Seeing this, Snow White could no longer refrain.”可知，前面皇后问白雪公主是担心苹果有毒吗，后来公主也忍不住要吃苹果，可推断皇后吃苹果是为了证明苹果是安全的。故选A。
10．主旨大意题。根据“The queen went to a secret chamber. There she made a poisonous apple. ”并通读全文可知，邪恶的皇后制作了一个毒苹果，伪装成老妇人诱骗白雪公主吃下有毒的部分，准备杀害她，批判皇后的邪恶，强调不能轻信陌生人。故选D。
Mineral City is an interesting place to visit. It is a beautiful small town with many old buildings.
Take a walk through the centre of the town on Main Street. First look at the Mineral City Hotel. It is on the corner of Main Street and Glenn Avenue. It is about 150 years old and many people stay there. There is an interesting old building across the street from the hotel. It was a post office. Now it is a store for books and videos.
There are many places to eat on Main Street. You can get lunch or supper in one of these places. There is a park between Main Street and Oak Street. You can sit on a bench (长凳) in the park. It is nice and quiet, and you can enjoy the trees and flowers.
You can also take a walk down Glenn Avenue. Look at the old buildings and interesting stores on this street.
11．Mineral City is ________.
A．a big city B．a busy city
C．a beautiful town D．an old building
12．The store for books and videos is ________.
A．across the street from the hotel B．on Oak Street
C．on Glenn Avenue D．behind the park
13．Which place is between Main Street and Oak Street
A． B．
C． D．
14．There are some ________ on Glenn Avenue according to the passage.
A．hotels and bookstores
B．restaurants and a post office
C．new buildings and quiet parks
D．old buildings and interesting stores
15．Which is NOT referred to (提到) in the passage
A．The Mineral City Hotel is on the corner of Main Street and Glenn Avenue.
B．The Mineral City Hotel is about 150 years old.
C．There are many places to eat on Main Street.
D．You can sit on the grass in the park.
【答案】11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Mineral City这个美丽小镇的一些特色建筑、街道、公园以及餐饮场所等，让读者对这个地方有一定的了解。
11．细节理解题。根据第一段“It is a beautiful small town with many old buildings.”可知，Mineral City是一个美丽的小镇。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“There is an interesting old building across the street from the hotel. It was a post office. Now it is a store for books and videos.”可知，现在的图书音像店在酒店的街对面。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“There is a park between Main Street and Oak Street.”可知，在Main Street和Oak Street之间的是公园，选项B是公园的图片。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Look at the old buildings and interesting stores on this street.”可知，Glenn Avenue上有古老的建筑和有趣的商店。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段“You can sit on a bench in the park.”可知，可以坐在公园的长凳上，但并没有提到“坐在草地上”；因此，选项D没有在文章中提到。故选D。
There are many famous places of interest in our country. If you don’t know where to travel during the holiday, the following may help you.
Welcome to Huangguoshu Waterfall. It is in Anshun, Guizhou. The waterfall looks great. It is like a wonderful picture. Opening hours: 7:00—18:30 Tickets: 160 (March 1—November 30) 150 (December 1—February 28) half price for students free for people over 60
The Stone Forest in Kunming, Yunnan, is about 78 kilometers away from the capital city of Yunnan. The stones look very beautiful. They look like young girls, funny animals, plants and so on. You shouldn’t miss the wonderful place. Opening hours: 7:30—17:30 Ticket: 130
The Lijiang River is in Guilin, Guangxi. The mountains and water in Guilin are famous around China. Visitors can take a boat to enjoy the beauty. Opening hours: 8:30—17:00 Tickets: 210 for adults (成人) half price for children aged from 11 to 14 free for kids under 11 years old
Jiuzhaigou is in Sichuan. It is very beautiful. You may not enjoy water in other places after coming back from Jiuzhaigou. Opening hours: 8:00—18:00 Tickets: 190 (April 1—November 15) 80 (November 16—March 31)
16．If you are a student and want to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall in October, how much should you pay
A． 160. B． 150. C． 80. D． 75.
17．Where can you visit the Stone Forest
A．In Guizhou. B．In Yunnan. C．In Guangxi. D．In Sichuan.
18．How long does the Lijiang River open a day
A．11 hours. B．9 hours. C．8.5 hours. D．8 hours.
19．What may be the most beautiful in Jiuzhaigou
A．Water. B．Plants. C．Forests. D．Mountains.
20．Where does the text probably come from
A．A plant magazine. B．A history textbook.
C．A geography textbook. D．A travel guidebook.
【答案】16．C 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了贵州黄果树瀑布、昆明石林、桂林漓江和四川九寨沟这些景点的位置、特色以及开放时间和门票价格等。
16．推理判断题。根据“Tickets: 160 (March 1—November 30)”以及“half price for students”可知，如果你是一名学生，想在10月参观黄果树瀑布，你应该支付80元。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“The Stone Forest in Kunming, Yunnan,”可知，石林在云南。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“Opening hours: 8:30—17:00”可知，漓江一天开放8.5个小时。故选C。
19．推理判断题。根据“Jiuzhaigou is in Sichuan. It is very beautiful. You may not enjoy water in other places after coming back from Jiuzhaigou.”可知，从九寨沟回来后，你可能不会喜欢其他地方的水了，由此可推测出九寨沟最漂亮的是水。故选A。
20．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了贵州黄果树瀑布、昆明石林、桂林漓江和四川九寨沟这些景点的位置、特色以及开放时间和门票价格等，因此这篇文章有可能来自旅游指南。故选D。
Our Earth has lots of different places. Animals have to find ways to fit in environment (适应环境). This has something to do with biology and geography.
In hot deserts, there’s not much water. It’s very hot there. Camels (骆驼) are great at living in deserts. They have humps (驼峰) on their backs. The humps can hold a lot of fat When there’s no food or water for a long time, the fat turns into energy and water. This helps camels stay alive. Camels also have big, flat feet. Their feet help them walk on soft sand. They don’t sink (下沉) because of their feet.
Up in the cold Arctic, polar bears are the rulers. They are covered with thick, white fur. The fur keeps them warm. It also helps them hide (躲藏) in the snow. This way, they can catch food easily. Under their skin, polar bears have a thick layer of fat. The fat helps them stay warm in the cold Arctic. Their fur and fat are important for living in the icy place.
Tropical (热带的) rain forests have many different animals. Chameleons (变色龙) live there. They can do a cool thing-change their skin color. When the place around them changes color, chameleons change too. This helps them hide from animals that want to eat them. It also helps them catch their own food. The rainforest has many colors. The chameleon’s color-changing skill helps it stay alive.
21．Camels’ big, flat feet are mainly for ________.
A．carrying heavy things B．walking on soft sand safely
C．running fast in the desert D．holding enough fat
22．How does a polar bear’s fur help it live in the Arctic
A．It makes the polar bear swim faster. B．It helps the polar bear find a partner.
C．It keeps the bear warm and helps it hide. D．It lets the polar bear sleep through winter.
23．The underlined word “ruler” in this passage probably means ________.
A．a thing for counting B．a long, straight tool (工具)
C．the most powerful animal D．a good person of a place
24．Which picture shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
25．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage
A．Animals and Their Homes B．Different Animals on Earth
C．How Animals Fit in Environments D．The Life of Camels, Polar Bears and Chameleons
【答案】21．B 22．C 23．C 24．A 25．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了不同动物如何适应各自的环境，包括骆驼、北极熊和变色龙。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Camels also have big, flat feet. Their feet help them walk on soft sand. They don’t sink because of their feet.”可知，骆驼的大而平的脚主要是为了在松软的沙地上安全行走。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They are covered with thick, white fur. The fur keeps them warm. It also helps them hide in the snow.”可知，北极熊的厚毛既保暖又帮助它们在雪地中隐藏。故选C。
23．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Up in the cold Arctic, polar bears are the rulers.”和“This way, they can catch food easily.”可知，北极熊在寒冷的北极地区是统治者，他们很容易抓到食物，结合选项可推知它们是最强大的动物。故选C。
24．篇章结构题。文章第一段提出动物找到适应环境与生物和地理有关。第二三四段分别介绍了骆驼、北极熊和变色龙在不同环境中的生存策略，所以文章是“总-分”结构。故选A。
25．最佳标题题。 文章主要讲述了不同动物如何适应各自的环境，包括骆驼、北极熊和变色龙，因此最佳标题应为“动物如何适应环境”。故选C。
Xi’an was the Tang Dynasty’s capital. It was called Chang’an then. It’s said that over one million people lived in the city, and about 50, 000 of them were foreigners. Plenty of them came along the Silk Road. They brought their food, goods (货物), art and fashion. People lived a colourful life in the ancient Chang’an.
Foreign clothes were popular in Chang’an. They had close—fitting sleeves (窄袖) and turndown collars (翻领). Central Asian people wore these kinds of clothes. People in Chang’an liked to wear them too.
In Chang’an, there were many kinds of delicious foods brought by people on the Silk Road. Hubing “胡饼”, a popular street food in the city, was one of them. It was a kind of pancake with sesame seeds (芝麻粒) on it. Travellers on the Silk Road liked to eat it and brought it to Chang’an.
Dancers from Central Asia were big stars in Chang’an. They could whirl (旋转) very fast on a small carpet. From the emperor to common people, everyone in the city enjoyed the dance. Many musicians from Central Asia liked playing the pipa (琵琶).
Chang’an embodied (体现) the prosperity (繁华) of the Tang Dynasty. Through the famous Silk Road starting from Chang’an, the splendid Chinese civilization (文明) was taken to the world.
26．How many people lived in Chang’an in the Tang Dynasty
A．100, 000. B．About 200, 000.
C．More than 1, 000, 000. D．About 10, 000, 000.
27．Who wore the clothes with close—fitting sleeves and turndown collars
A．Only Central Asian people.
B．Only Persian people.
C．Only Central Asian people and Persian people.
D．Central Asian people and people in Changan.
28．The underlined word “splendid” in the last paragraph probably means “________”.
A．interesting B．wonderful C．happy D．easy
29．Which writing skill is used in Paragraphs 2, 3 and 4
A．Giving examples. B．Raising questions.
C．Listing numbers. D．Comparing (比较) facts (事实).
30．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage (①＝Paragraph 1, ②＝Paragraph 2)
A． B． C． D．
【答案】26．C 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了唐朝都城长安的相关情况，包括人口、服饰、食物、舞蹈等方面，展现了长安的繁华以及丝绸之路带来的文化交流。
26．细节理解题。根据文中“It’s said that over one million people lived in the city”可知，唐朝时长安有超过一百万人居住，“over one million”即“More than 1,000,000” ，故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据文中“Central Asian people wore these kinds of clothes. People in Chang’an liked to wear them too.”可知，中亚人和长安人都穿这种窄袖翻领的衣服，故选D。
28．词句猜测题。根据文中“Chang’an embodied (体现) the prosperity (繁华) of the Tang Dynasty. Through the famous Silk Road starting from Chang’an, the splendid Chinese civilization (文明) was taken to the world.”可知，通过丝绸之路，中国文明被传播到世界，这里“splendid”用来形容中国文明，应该是“精彩的、了不起的”意思，“wonderful”符合，故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段“Foreign clothes were popular in Chang’an.”，第三段“In Chang’an, there were many kinds of delicious foods brought by people on the Silk Road.”，第四段“Dancers from Central Asia were big stars in Chang’an.”可知，第二、三、四段分别通过介绍长安流行的外国服饰、丝绸之路带来的美食、中亚的舞者等例子，展现长安的生活，运用了举例子的写作技巧，故选A。
30．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段总述长安丰富多彩的生活；第二、三、四段举例说明丰富生活是什么样的；第五段是作者的总结，故文章是总—分—总的结构。故选D。
Do you love taking a trip to the beach (海滩) Going traveling is exciting but safety should always come first. Here are some tips for you to keep yourself safe during the beach trip.
Stay with your parents. Once there was a little boy playing with water on the beach. He left his parents to look for shells (贝壳) and forgot the time. In the end, he couldn’t find his parents. What a bad thing!
Be careful with swimming. If you go to the beach for the first time, ask others or check online to make sure it’s OK to swim there before you go swimming in the sea. Don’t swim alone. It is not safe. And when swimming in the sea, you should always wear a life jacket (救生衣).
Watch out (小心) for things in the water. When something on the beach or in the sea bites (咬) you, you should go to see a doctor at once.
Remember, your life is valuable. While having fun, you should be very careful and always put safety first.
31．How does the writer support (支撑) his idea in Paragraph 2
A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example.
C．By asking questions. D．By showing a report.
32．What should you do before swimming in the sea for the first time
A．Wear a life jacket. B．Ask others or check online.
C．Learn to swim quickly. D．Find a friend to go with.
33．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Looking for shells. B．Playing with water.
C．Catching fish. D．Swimming alone in the sea.
34．What can we infer (推断) from the little boy’s story
A．Playing with water is dangerous. B．Parents should always watch their kids.
C．Staying with parents is important. D．Looking for shells wastes time.
35．What is the structure (结构) of this text
A． B． C． D．
【答案】31．B 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在海滩旅行时保障自身安全的一些小贴士。
31．细节理解题。根据“Once there was a little boy playing with water on the beach. He left his parents to look for shells (贝壳) and forgot the time. In the end, he couldn’t find his parents.”可知，第二段通过讲述一个小男孩离开父母找贝壳最后找不到父母的例子，来支撑作者“要和父母待在一起”的观点，是通过举例的方式，故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“If you go to the beach for the first time, ask others or check online to make sure it’s OK to swim there before you go swimming in the sea.”可知，第一次在海里游泳前要询问他人或上网查询，故选B。
33．词句猜测题。根据“Don’t swim alone.”可知，这里的“it”指的是独自在海里游泳这件事，故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据“Stay with your parents. Once there was a little boy playing with water on the beach. He left his parents to look for shells (贝壳) and forgot the time. In the end, he couldn’t find his parents.”可知，小男孩离开父母后找不到父母，这个故事说明和父母待在一起很重要，故选C。
35．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，本文第一段引出在海滩旅行要注意安全的话题，第二、三、四段分别从和父母待一起、小心游泳、注意水中异物三个方面给出建议，最后一段总结强调安全重要性，故结构为总分总，故选C。
Hello, I’m Li Nan. I live with my parents in Yushui Park. It is a large and beautiful community on Binhe Road. You can take a bus and get off at Binhe Stop if you want to visit me. And then you can walk on along Binhe Road and find our community on your right. There are 9 tall buildings in it. I live on the third floor of Building 3.
There is a busy area (区域) in our community. We call it Haochi Center. You can buy and enjoy delicious food here. I’ll show you around if you visit me. There are lots of stores and restaurants on the left side of the community. A big supermarket stands at the center, and my mother often buys all kinds of things there. Next to the supermarket is a gym. Many people go there to play sports. I like playing ping-pong with my parents in the gym, too. It is a good place to have fun.
People in our community are all kind. We often help each other. I hope you can visit our community and play with me.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
36．What’s the best title for the text
A．Our Large and Beautiful Community B．An Introduction to Our Community
C．How to Get to Our Community D．One of My Busy Days in Our Community
37．Which is not talked about in the text
A．Healthcare in the community. B．Places in the community.
C．Life in the community. D．Activities in the community.
38．Which map shows the right way to Li Nan’s community
A． B．
C． D．
39．What can you know from Paragraph 2
A．People in the community only eat food at Haochi Center.
B．There are lots of stores and restaurants on the right side of the community.
C．The gym is far from the supermarket.
D．Li Nan’s family like doing their daily activities in the community.
40．What does Li Nan think of people in his community
A．Busy and hard-working. B．Strong and clever.
C．Kind and helpful. D．Lovely and interesting.
【答案】36．B 37．A 38．C 39．D 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了李楠所居住的社区——玉水公园，包括社区的位置、建筑、设施以及居民的生活情况。
36．最佳标题题。根据文章内容可知，李楠详细介绍了社区的位置、建筑、设施以及居民的生活情况，因此最佳标题应为“An Introduction to Our Community”。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“There are lots of stores and restaurants...I like playing ping-pong with my parents in the gym”、“People in our community are all kind. We often help each other. I hope you can visit our community and play with me.”及“It is a large and beautiful community on Binhe Road...I live on the third floor of Building 3.”等可知，文中提到了社区的位置、建筑、设施以及居民的生活情况，但没有提到医疗保健相关内容。故选A。
38．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“You can take a bus and get off at Binhe Stop if you want to visit me. And then you can walk on along Binhe Road and find our community on your right.”可知，李楠的社区在滨河路的右侧，下了车要继续往前走，因此地图C显示了正确的路线。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I like playing ping-pong with my parents in the gym, too. It is a good place to have fun.”可知，李楠的家人喜欢在社区进行日常活动。故选D。
40．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“People in our community are all kind. We often help each other.”可知，李楠认为社区的人都很善良且乐于助人。故选C。
Simon and Amy want to learn about homes in different countries. They found the homepages (主页) of four students.
Hi! My name is Stephen. I live in a large house in California, the USA．My favourite place is the balcony. I have a big bedroom. I can see the beach from my bedroom windows.
Hello! I’m Madee. I live in a small town in Thailand. I live with my family in a wooden house over a river. Many people live in my house. They are my parents, my grandparents, my three sisters and my brother. It’s beautiful and quiet here.
Hi! I’m Neil. I live in a small house near London. My favourite room is the kitchen. We often sit there while my mother makes dinner. I have a dog. He sleeps in the garden.
Hello! My name is Anna. I live in the centre of Moscow. I live with my family in a flat on a busy street (街道). I share a bedroom with my sister. Our neighbours (邻居) are friendly and we are happy here.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
41．Where is Stephen from
A． B． C． D．
42．How many people are there in Madee’s family
A．Five. B．Seven. C．Nine. D．Thirteen.
43．If you have a chance (机会) to go to the UK, you can probably visit ______.
A．Stephen B．Madee C．Neil D．Anna
44．Who doesn’t live in a house
A．Stephen. B．Madee. C．Neil. D．Anna.
45．The four homepages are from a website. Which is the most probable address (地址) for this website
A．www. children. com. B．www. homes children.com.
C．www. visiting . D．www. neil .
【答案】41．A 42．C 43．C 44．D 45．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了Simon和Amy通过浏览四个不同国家学生的个人主页，了解他们的家庭生活情况。
41．细节理解题。根据“Hi! My name is Stephen. I live in a large house in California, the USA.”可知，Stephen来自美国加利福尼亚，A是自由女神像，在美国。故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据“They are my parents, my grandparents, my three sisters and my brother.”可知，Madee的家庭成员包括父母、祖父母、三个姐妹和一个兄弟以及自己，共九人。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据“Hi! I’m Neil. I live in a small house near London.”可知，Neil住在英国伦敦附近，因此去英国可以拜访Neil。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据“Hello! My name is Anna. I live in the centre of Moscow. I live with my family in a flat on a busy street (街道).”可知，Anna住在莫斯科的公寓里，而不是房子里。故选D。
45．推理判断题。根据题干和材料内容可知，四个主页都是关于不同国家的家庭生活，因此最可能的网站地址是“www. homes children.com.”。故选B。
It’s fun to go out during the summer holiday, but staying at home doesn’t have to be sad or boring. With a little creative (有创意的) thinking and pre-planning, you’ll enjoy staying with your family at home.
▲ Pick out some kinds of flowers. Start planting them indoors first. When they’re ready and the weather is fine, move them outside and take care of them. Enjoy the fruits of your work when your plants start blooming (开花).
Read a book togetherReading takes a back seat in today’s busy lifestyles, but it is still a good way to spend time with your family. You can take turns reading an interesting book aloud. Then, you can take time to talk about what’s happening and share your views.
Cook a meal togetherLook for different recipes (菜谱) in a cookbook, and try your hand at cooking with your family. Take turns deciding on which tasty food to make. Then enjoy food together. Cooking with parents always brings us a great memory. Years later, you can think of those happy times.
Practise a musical instrument (乐器)If you love music, it will be great to practise an instrument when you’re home. Try learning a wonderful song to play for your family. You can find online lessons. They can help you learn songs, and you’ll enjoy playing.
46．What does this article mainly tell us
A．It’s fun to go out in the summer holiday. B．Staying at home can be really boring.
C．We can enjoy staying at home with our family. D．Taking turns to tell stories can be fun.
47．Which of the following should be put into the blank “ ▲ ”
A．Start a garden B．Play in a garden
C．Plant the trees D．Take care of fruits
48．The underlined word “memory” probably means “something you________ from the past”.
A．wonder B．decide C．remember D．match
49．According to the writer, if you are interested in music, you can________.
A．give some online lessons B．talk about songs with your family
C．practise playing a wonderful song D．read books about musical instruments
50．Which of the following is true
A．Plant the flowers outside first before moving inside in fine weather.
B．We often forget what we did with our family when we were young
C．It’s impossible for people to read books at home in modern times.
D．We can do anything interesting with creative thinking and pre-planning
【答案】46．C 47．A 48．C 49．C 50．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了我们可以通过有创意的思考和预先计划，享受与家人一起在家的时光。
46．主旨大意题。根据“It’s fun to go out during the summer holiday, but staying at home doesn’t have to be sad or boring. With a little creative (有创意的) thinking and pre-planning, you’ll enjoy staying with your family at home.”可知，文章主要告诉我们，通过一些创意和提前计划，我们可以享受与家人一起在家的时光。故选C。
47．推理判断题。根据“Pick out some kinds of flowers. Start planting them indoors first. When they’re ready and the weather is fine, move them outside and take care of them.”可知，空白处应填入与种植花卉相关的活动，A选项符合。故选A。
48．词义猜测题。根据“Years later, you can think of those happy times.”可知，多年以后，你可以想起那些快乐的时光，所以此处的“memory”指的是过去记住的事情。故选C。
49．细节理解题。根据“If you love music, it will be great to practise an instrument when you’re home. Try learning a wonderful song to play for your family.”可知，如果你对音乐感兴趣，你可以练习一首美妙的歌曲。故选C。
50．细节理解题。根据“With a little creative (有创意的) thinking and pre-planning, you’ll enjoy staying with your family at home.”可知，有了创造性思维和预先计划，我们可以做任何有趣的事情。故选D。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
题型过关第3讲 阅读理解
一、解题核心步骤：先题后文，定位关键，逐一突破
1. 第一步：快速浏览题目，圈出 “定位词”
目的：带着问题读文章，精准锁定答案区域，避免盲目阅读。
定位词选择：
显性定位词：数字（2025, 50%）、专有名词（人名 Lucy、地名 Beijing）、时间（yesterday, next week）；
隐性定位词：题干中的核心名词（如 “math test”“library”）、动词（buy, decide）或形容词（happy, nervous）。
例：题目问 “Where did Tom go yesterday ”，定位词为 “Tom” 和 “yesterday”，在读文章时重点找这两个词出现的句子。
2. 第二步：通读文章，标记 “三关键”
关键 1：段落首句和末句（常含段落主旨，帮助快速分层）；
关键 2：定位词附近的句子（根据第一步的定位词，在文中划出对应句）；
关键 3：逻辑信号词（but/however 表转折，so/therefore 表结果，first/then 表顺序）。
技巧：用 “下划线” 标记定位词，“波浪线” 标记答案句，方便后续检查。
3. 第三步：对比选项，遵循 “原文原则” 解题
正确答案的特征：
同义替换：选项用不同词汇表达与原文相同的意思（如文中 “happy”= 选项 “glad”）；
原词复现：关键词在选项和原文中同时出现（多见于细节题）。
例：文中句子为 “She bought a red coat in the shop.”，题目问 “What did she buy ”，正确选项为 “a red coat”（原词复现）或 “a coat in red”（同义替换）。
二、四大题型满分技巧：针对性攻克不同考点
1. 细节题（占比 60%+，初一最常考）
问法：What/Where/When/Who/How...
解题关键：根据定位词快速找到原文句子，对比选项与原文的一致性。
避坑点：
警惕 “偷换概念”：如文中 “Lucy’s bike”→选项 “Lily’s bike”（人物偷换）；
注意 “细节陷阱”：文中 “at 7:00”→选项 “at 8:00”（时间错误）。
例：文中 “Tom got up at 6:30 and had breakfast at 7:00.”，题目问 “When did Tom have breakfast ”，答案选 “At 7:00”。
2. 主旨题（问文章 / 段落大意）
问法：What’s the main idea of the passage / What’s the best title
解题技巧：
找 “主题句”：通常在首段首句、末段末句（如首句 “Today I want to tell you about my trip to the zoo.”）；
排除 “以偏概全” 的选项：若选项只提到文中某一个细节，而非整体内容，则错误。
例：文章讲 “周末和家人去公园野餐、放风筝、拍照”，主旨选项应选 “ A Happy Weekend with My Family”，而非 “Flying Kites in the Park”（仅为细节）。
3. 推理题（需根据原文推断隐含意思）
问法：What can we infer from the passage / Why did the boy...
解题原则：
答案不能直接在文中找到，需通过因果关系、情感态度推断；
必须基于原文，不能主观臆断（如文中没提 “他生气了”，就不能选 angry）。
例：文中 “He looked at the broken bike and his eyes were red.”，可推断 “He felt sad”（眼睛红了→难过）。
4. 词义猜测题（猜生词含义）
解题方法：
上下文逻辑法：通过 but（转折）、and（并列）或举例（for example）猜词，如：
“She is very kind, but her brother is rude.” 通过 but 转折，rude 与 kind（友好）反义，意为 “粗鲁的”；
词根词缀法：初一常见前缀 un-（unhappy = 不开心）、re-（rewrite = 重写）。
技巧：将选项代入原文，若语义通顺则为正确答案。
三、避坑指南：初一学生常犯错误及对策
1. 错误 1：凭常识答题，忽略原文依据
例：文中说 “Tom likes winter because he can make snowmen.”，题目问 “Why does Tom like winter ”，正确答案必须选 “Because he can make snowmen”，而非 “Because it’s cold”（即使常识正确，但原文没提）。
对策：牢记 “答案一定在文中”，用铅笔在文中划出答案依据句，避免主观判断。
2. 错误 2：遇到长句就慌，不会拆分结构
破解长句技巧：
找主语（谁做了什么）和谓语（动作），忽略修饰词（如形容词、介词短语），如：
“The little girl with short hair happily bought a new book in the shop.”
主干为 “The girl bought a book.”（小女孩买了书），其他为修饰细节。
对策：每天分析 1-2 个长句，用 “│” 划分主谓宾，提升句子理解能力。
3. 错误 3：选项纠结时，陷入 “思维陷阱”
常见陷阱：
“一半正确” 选项：前半句对，后半句错（如文中 “她喜欢苹果和香蕉”→选项 “她只喜欢苹果”）；
“过度推理” 选项：文中 “他没带伞”→选项 “他知道会下雨”（原文未提及，属于过度推断）。
对策：用 “排除法”，先划掉明显错误的选项，再对比剩余选项与原文的匹配度。
四、日常提分训练：3 步从 “读懂” 到 “做对”
1. 第一步：每日 1 篇精读（15 分钟）
选篇原则：
难度：文中生词量不超过 5 个（可查字典，但先尝试猜词）；
题材：故事、寓言、学校生活（初一高频话题）。
精读方法：
第一遍：限时 5 分钟做题；
第二遍：查出生词，翻译全文，分析错题原因。
2. 第二步：建立 “题型错题本”
按题型分类记录：
细节题错题：标注 “定位词没找对” 或 “选项偷换时间”；
主旨题错题：分析 “主题句在末段，未注意” 等原因。
例：
题目：What’s the best title
我的答案：A Trip to the Zoo
正确答案：Fun Activities in the Zoo
错误原因：选项 A 只提到 “去动物园”，未体现 “活动”，属于 “以偏概全”。
3. 第三步：提升阅读速度的 “扫读训练”
用手指或笔尖指着文字，从左到右快速移动，避免逐词翻译，训练 “抓关键词” 的能力：
扫读目标：5 秒内找出句子中的名词、动词（如 “Tom/run/park”）。
效果：长期训练可将阅读速度从每分钟 100 词提升至 150 词，为考试节省时间。
五、考场应急技巧：遇到难题这样办
“三不选” 原则：
与原文内容矛盾的选项不选；
文中完全没提到的选项不选；
过于绝对的选项不选（如 all, never，正确概率低）。
“主旨题蒙题技巧”：
含文中反复出现的关键词（如文章多次出现 “bike”，正确选项大概率含该词）；
选项长度适中，过于简短或冗长的可能错误。
“时间不够时的策略”：
优先做细节题（可快速定位），主旨题和推理题最后做，用 “串联各段首句” 的方法猜主旨。
Long ago in ancient China, there was a wise judge (法官) named Judge Li who was famous for his cleverness. One day, a farmer named Wang came to his court (法庭), crying, “Your Honor, my best horse is gone! I saw it in my neighbor Zhang’s horse barn (马棚). I know it’s mine because it has a white spot (斑点) on its forehead. But Zhang refuses to return it!”
Judge Li called Zhang, who argued, “This horse has been mine for years. Wang is lying!” The villagers disagreed—some believed Wang, while others trusted Zhang.
To solve the problem, Judge Li ordered the horse to be brought to the courtroom. He covered its head with a cloth and asked both men, “Describe the horse’s eyes in detail.”
Wang said at once, “Its left eye is slightly cloudy because it was hurt last year.” Zhang stopped, then guessed, “Its eyes are big and black, like all healthy horses!”
Judge Li removed the cloth, showing the horse’s cloudy left eye. Zhang’s face turned white. The judge said, “A true owner knows everything of his animal. The horse is Wang’s.”
But the story didn’t end there. A week later, the horse ran away into the mountains. Wang’s son ran after it but broke his leg. The villagers sighed, “What bad luck!” Wang, however, calmly said, “Who knows if this is truly bad luck ”
Soon after, a war broke out, and all young men were called to serve in the army—except Wang’s son, who didn’t have to go because of his injury (受伤). The villagers then understood: what seems like bad luck may turn into something good.
1．Why did Judge Li cover the horse’s head with a cloth
A．To hide the white spot and make the test more difficult.
B．To stop the horse from seeing its owner and running to him.
C．To make the horse feel comfortable during the test.
D．To test the men’s memory of the horse’s characteristics.
2．What does the underlined word “removed” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Covered with. B．Took off. C．Burnt up. D．Light up.
3．How did Judge Li decide the real owner of the horse
A．By letting the villagers decide on the owner. B．By testing the men’s knowledge of the horse.
C．By checking the government materials. D．By letting the horse freely choose its owner.
4．Why was Wang not worried about his son’s injury
A．Because he didn’t truly love his own son.
B．Because he wanted to encourage his son to be strong.
C．Because he believed bad luck could bring good.
D．Because he didn’t care what the villagers thought.
5．What is the main lesson of this story
A．Always trust the judge’s final decision. B．Good and bad luck often come together.
C．Never disagree with your neighbors. D．Horses are very important animals.
Little Snow White（选段5）
The queen went to a secret chamber. There she made a poisonous apple. It was cunningly made — half red and half white. It looked so temping, but whoever ate even a little bit must die. Then she dressed herself as an old peddler woman and went across seven mountains to where the seven dwarfs lived.
When she knocked at the door, Snow White put her head out of the window and said, “I dare not let anybody in.”
“Don’t worry,” answered the woman; “Here, let me give you one as a gift.”
“No,” answered Snow White, “the dwarfs warned me not to take anything from strangers.”
“Are you afraid of poison ” said the woman, pulling out a knife, “Look here. I cut the apple in two pieces; you shall have the white half, and I have the red half.” She took a bite of the red half then, smiling.
Seeing this, Snow White could no longer refrain. She reached for the white half. But the moment she bit into it, she fell to the ground as if dead. The queen laughed loudly and said, “This time no one can save you.”
6．The queen dressed herself as a peddler to ______.
A．sell apples B．buy apples C．visit the dwarfs D．visit Snow White
7．The underlined word “poisonous” means “______” in Chinese.
A．新鲜的 B．美味的 C．有毒的 D．腐烂的
8．What was the correct order of events in the story
①The queen disguised herself.
②Snow White fell to the ground.
③The queen made a poisonous apple.
④Snow White refused the apple at first.
A．①③②④ B．③④②① C．①④③② D．③①④②
9．The queen ate the apple herself to show ______.
A．her apples were safe B．her apples were fresh
C．her apples sold well. D．her apples taste good
10．What can we learn from the story
A．Don’t trust anyone. B．Friendship starts from gifts.
C．Trust strangers if they smile. D．Don’t get things from strangers.
Mineral City is an interesting place to visit. It is a beautiful small town with many old buildings.
Take a walk through the centre of the town on Main Street. First look at the Mineral City Hotel. It is on the corner of Main Street and Glenn Avenue. It is about 150 years old and many people stay there. There is an interesting old building across the street from the hotel. It was a post office. Now it is a store for books and videos.
There are many places to eat on Main Street. You can get lunch or supper in one of these places. There is a park between Main Street and Oak Street. You can sit on a bench (长凳) in the park. It is nice and quiet, and you can enjoy the trees and flowers.
You can also take a walk down Glenn Avenue. Look at the old buildings and interesting stores on this street.
11．Mineral City is ________.
A．a big city B．a busy city
C．a beautiful town D．an old building
12．The store for books and videos is ________.
A．across the street from the hotel B．on Oak Street
C．on Glenn Avenue D．behind the park
13．Which place is between Main Street and Oak Street
A． B．
C． D．
14．There are some ________ on Glenn Avenue according to the passage.
A．hotels and bookstores
B．restaurants and a post office
C．new buildings and quiet parks
D．old buildings and interesting stores
15．Which is NOT referred to (提到) in the passage
A．The Mineral City Hotel is on the corner of Main Street and Glenn Avenue.
B．The Mineral City Hotel is about 150 years old.
C．There are many places to eat on Main Street.
D．You can sit on the grass in the park.
There are many famous places of interest in our country. If you don’t know where to travel during the holiday, the following may help you.
Welcome to Huangguoshu Waterfall. It is in Anshun, Guizhou. The waterfall looks great. It is like a wonderful picture. Opening hours: 7:00—18:30 Tickets: 160 (March 1—November 30) 150 (December 1—February 28) half price for students free for people over 60
The Stone Forest in Kunming, Yunnan, is about 78 kilometers away from the capital city of Yunnan. The stones look very beautiful. They look like young girls, funny animals, plants and so on. You shouldn’t miss the wonderful place. Opening hours: 7:30—17:30 Ticket: 130
The Lijiang River is in Guilin, Guangxi. The mountains and water in Guilin are famous around China. Visitors can take a boat to enjoy the beauty. Opening hours: 8:30—17:00 Tickets: 210 for adults (成人) half price for children aged from 11 to 14 free for kids under 11 years old
Jiuzhaigou is in Sichuan. It is very beautiful. You may not enjoy water in other places after coming back from Jiuzhaigou. Opening hours: 8:00—18:00 Tickets: 190 (April 1—November 15) 80 (November 16—March 31)
16．If you are a student and want to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall in October, how much should you pay
A． 160. B． 150. C． 80. D． 75.
17．Where can you visit the Stone Forest
A．In Guizhou. B．In Yunnan. C．In Guangxi. D．In Sichuan.
18．How long does the Lijiang River open a day
A．11 hours. B．9 hours. C．8.5 hours. D．8 hours.
19．What may be the most beautiful in Jiuzhaigou
A．Water. B．Plants. C．Forests. D．Mountains.
20．Where does the text probably come from
A．A plant magazine. B．A history textbook.
C．A geography textbook. D．A travel guidebook.
Our Earth has lots of different places. Animals have to find ways to fit in environment (适应环境). This has something to do with biology and geography.
In hot deserts, there’s not much water. It’s very hot there. Camels (骆驼) are great at living in deserts. They have humps (驼峰) on their backs. The humps can hold a lot of fat When there’s no food or water for a long time, the fat turns into energy and water. This helps camels stay alive. Camels also have big, flat feet. Their feet help them walk on soft sand. They don’t sink (下沉) because of their feet.
Up in the cold Arctic, polar bears are the rulers. They are covered with thick, white fur. The fur keeps them warm. It also helps them hide (躲藏) in the snow. This way, they can catch food easily. Under their skin, polar bears have a thick layer of fat. The fat helps them stay warm in the cold Arctic. Their fur and fat are important for living in the icy place.
Tropical (热带的) rain forests have many different animals. Chameleons (变色龙) live there. They can do a cool thing-change their skin color. When the place around them changes color, chameleons change too. This helps them hide from animals that want to eat them. It also helps them catch their own food. The rainforest has many colors. The chameleon’s color-changing skill helps it stay alive.
21．Camels’ big, flat feet are mainly for ________.
A．carrying heavy things B．walking on soft sand safely
C．running fast in the desert D．holding enough fat
22．How does a polar bear’s fur help it live in the Arctic
A．It makes the polar bear swim faster. B．It helps the polar bear find a partner.
C．It keeps the bear warm and helps it hide. D．It lets the polar bear sleep through winter.
23．The underlined word “ruler” in this passage probably means ________.
A．a thing for counting B．a long, straight tool (工具)
C．the most powerful animal D．a good person of a place
24．Which picture shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
25．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage
A．Animals and Their Homes B．Different Animals on Earth
C．How Animals Fit in Environments D．The Life of Camels, Polar Bears and Chameleons
Xi’an was the Tang Dynasty’s capital. It was called Chang’an then. It’s said that over one million people lived in the city, and about 50, 000 of them were foreigners. Plenty of them came along the Silk Road. They brought their food, goods (货物), art and fashion. People lived a colourful life in the ancient Chang’an.
Foreign clothes were popular in Chang’an. They had close—fitting sleeves (窄袖) and turndown collars (翻领). Central Asian people wore these kinds of clothes. People in Chang’an liked to wear them too.
In Chang’an, there were many kinds of delicious foods brought by people on the Silk Road. Hubing “胡饼”, a popular street food in the city, was one of them. It was a kind of pancake with sesame seeds (芝麻粒) on it. Travellers on the Silk Road liked to eat it and brought it to Chang’an.
Dancers from Central Asia were big stars in Chang’an. They could whirl (旋转) very fast on a small carpet. From the emperor to common people, everyone in the city enjoyed the dance. Many musicians from Central Asia liked playing the pipa (琵琶).
Chang’an embodied (体现) the prosperity (繁华) of the Tang Dynasty. Through the famous Silk Road starting from Chang’an, the splendid Chinese civilization (文明) was taken to the world.
26．How many people lived in Chang’an in the Tang Dynasty
A．100, 000. B．About 200, 000.
C．More than 1, 000, 000. D．About 10, 000, 000.
27．Who wore the clothes with close—fitting sleeves and turndown collars
A．Only Central Asian people.
B．Only Persian people.
C．Only Central Asian people and Persian people.
D．Central Asian people and people in Changan.
28．The underlined word “splendid” in the last paragraph probably means “________”.
A．interesting B．wonderful C．happy D．easy
29．Which writing skill is used in Paragraphs 2, 3 and 4
A．Giving examples. B．Raising questions.
C．Listing numbers. D．Comparing (比较) facts (事实).
30．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage (①＝Paragraph 1, ②＝Paragraph 2)
A． B． C． D．
Do you love taking a trip to the beach (海滩) Going traveling is exciting but safety should always come first. Here are some tips for you to keep yourself safe during the beach trip.
Stay with your parents. Once there was a little boy playing with water on the beach. He left his parents to look for shells (贝壳) and forgot the time. In the end, he couldn’t find his parents. What a bad thing!
Be careful with swimming. If you go to the beach for the first time, ask others or check online to make sure it’s OK to swim there before you go swimming in the sea. Don’t swim alone. It is not safe. And when swimming in the sea, you should always wear a life jacket (救生衣).
Watch out (小心) for things in the water. When something on the beach or in the sea bites (咬) you, you should go to see a doctor at once.
Remember, your life is valuable. While having fun, you should be very careful and always put safety first.
31．How does the writer support (支撑) his idea in Paragraph 2
A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example.
C．By asking questions. D．By showing a report.
32．What should you do before swimming in the sea for the first time
A．Wear a life jacket. B．Ask others or check online.
C．Learn to swim quickly. D．Find a friend to go with.
33．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Looking for shells. B．Playing with water.
C．Catching fish. D．Swimming alone in the sea.
34．What can we infer (推断) from the little boy’s story
A．Playing with water is dangerous. B．Parents should always watch their kids.
C．Staying with parents is important. D．Looking for shells wastes time.
35．What is the structure (结构) of this text
A． B． C． D．
Hello, I’m Li Nan. I live with my parents in Yushui Park. It is a large and beautiful community on Binhe Road. You can take a bus and get off at Binhe Stop if you want to visit me. And then you can walk on along Binhe Road and find our community on your right. There are 9 tall buildings in it. I live on the third floor of Building 3.
There is a busy area (区域) in our community. We call it Haochi Center. You can buy and enjoy delicious food here. I’ll show you around if you visit me. There are lots of stores and restaurants on the left side of the community. A big supermarket stands at the center, and my mother often buys all kinds of things there. Next to the supermarket is a gym. Many people go there to play sports. I like playing ping-pong with my parents in the gym, too. It is a good place to have fun.
People in our community are all kind. We often help each other. I hope you can visit our community and play with me.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
36．What’s the best title for the text
A．Our Large and Beautiful Community B．An Introduction to Our Community
C．How to Get to Our Community D．One of My Busy Days in Our Community
37．Which is not talked about in the text
A．Healthcare in the community. B．Places in the community.
C．Life in the community. D．Activities in the community.
38．Which map shows the right way to Li Nan’s community
A． B．
C． D．
39．What can you know from Paragraph 2
A．People in the community only eat food at Haochi Center.
B．There are lots of stores and restaurants on the right side of the community.
C．The gym is far from the supermarket.
D．Li Nan’s family like doing their daily activities in the community.
40．What does Li Nan think of people in his community
A．Busy and hard-working. B．Strong and clever.
C．Kind and helpful. D．Lovely and interesting.
Simon and Amy want to learn about homes in different countries. They found the homepages (主页) of four students.
Hi! My name is Stephen. I live in a large house in California, the USA．My favourite place is the balcony. I have a big bedroom. I can see the beach from my bedroom windows.
Hello! I’m Madee. I live in a small town in Thailand. I live with my family in a wooden house over a river. Many people live in my house. They are my parents, my grandparents, my three sisters and my brother. It’s beautiful and quiet here.
Hi! I’m Neil. I live in a small house near London. My favourite room is the kitchen. We often sit there while my mother makes dinner. I have a dog. He sleeps in the garden.
Hello! My name is Anna. I live in the centre of Moscow. I live with my family in a flat on a busy street (街道). I share a bedroom with my sister. Our neighbours (邻居) are friendly and we are happy here.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
41．Where is Stephen from
A． B． C． D．
42．How many people are there in Madee’s family
A．Five. B．Seven. C．Nine. D．Thirteen.
43．If you have a chance (机会) to go to the UK, you can probably visit ______.
A．Stephen B．Madee C．Neil D．Anna
44．Who doesn’t live in a house
A．Stephen. B．Madee. C．Neil. D．Anna.
45．The four homepages are from a website. Which is the most probable address (地址) for this website
A．www. children. com. B．www. homes children.com.
C．www. visiting . D．www. neil .
It’s fun to go out during the summer holiday, but staying at home doesn’t have to be sad or boring. With a little creative (有创意的) thinking and pre-planning, you’ll enjoy staying with your family at home.
▲ Pick out some kinds of flowers. Start planting them indoors first. When they’re ready and the weather is fine, move them outside and take care of them. Enjoy the fruits of your work when your plants start blooming (开花).
Read a book togetherReading takes a back seat in today’s busy lifestyles, but it is still a good way to spend time with your family. You can take turns reading an interesting book aloud. Then, you can take time to talk about what’s happening and share your views.
Cook a meal togetherLook for different recipes (菜谱) in a cookbook, and try your hand at cooking with your family. Take turns deciding on which tasty food to make. Then enjoy food together. Cooking with parents always brings us a great memory. Years later, you can think of those happy times.
Practise a musical instrument (乐器)If you love music, it will be great to practise an instrument when you’re home. Try learning a wonderful song to play for your family. You can find online lessons. They can help you learn songs, and you’ll enjoy playing.
46．What does this article mainly tell us
A．It’s fun to go out in the summer holiday. B．Staying at home can be really boring.
C．We can enjoy staying at home with our family. D．Taking turns to tell stories can be fun.
47．Which of the following should be put into the blank “ ▲ ”
A．Start a garden B．Play in a garden
C．Plant the trees D．Take care of fruits
48．The underlined word “memory” probably means “something you________ from the past”.
A．wonder B．decide C．remember D．match
49．According to the writer, if you are interested in music, you can________.
A．give some online lessons B．talk about songs with your family
C．practise playing a wonderful song D．read books about musical instruments
50．Which of the following is true
A．Plant the flowers outside first before moving inside in fine weather.
B．We often forget what we did with our family when we were young
C．It’s impossible for people to read books at home in modern times.
D．We can do anything interesting with creative thinking and pre-planning
