平凉市灵台县第一中学5月月考
高一英语
考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：120分
第一部分阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共: 15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
As a high school student, you might be wondering what you can do now to help change the world and better your community. Fortunately, plenty of volunteer opportunities are available to help you do those things.
Habitat for Humanity
Related majors: Architecture, Construction Management and Technology
Habitat for Humanity helps low-income individuals and families build or improve their homes. Volunteering here will give you a great insight into how large-scale projects are organized and carried out. Plus, you’ll learn real-life home repair skills that can be useful later in life regardless of your career path.
The Humane (人道) Society of the United States
Related majors: Animal Science, Biology
The Humane Society of the United States aims to create a humane and sustainable world for all animals. As a volunteer, you could walk dogs and do the cleaning at a shelter, or even help out at one of its clinics.
National Park Service
Related majors: Environmental Science and Studies, Ecology
If you love nature and want to help preserve the environment, consider volunteering with the National Park Service. Whether you’re working in the visitor center or monitoring wildlife in the area, you’ll learn a lot about the preservation of nature.
Goodwill Industries International
Related majors: Social Work, Counseling (咨询)
Volunteering with Goodwill Industries International is a great way to make a difference. This project is devoted to providing employment, education, and skill-building opportunities for people around the world. As a volunteer, you can help people build skills, get jobs, and strengthen their finances, which can give you an inside look into how these types of social services function and succeed.
1. Which organization will you join if you are an animal lover
A. Habitat for Humanity. B. National Park Service.
C. Goodwill Industries International. D. The Humane Society of the United States.
2. What is special about the National Park Service
A. It allows students to improve building skills.
B. It helps students contact with more visitors.
C. It suits students majoring in Biology and Ecology.
D. It brings students close to nature and its preservation.
3. What can you get in both Habitat for Humanity and Goodwill Industries International
A. Home repair skills. B. Experience with large projects.
C. A chance to work with people in need. D. An inside look into the donation system.
B
George Ahearn, who grew up in the farming town of Othello, Washington, co-founded共同创立 EastWest Food Rescue after learning that COVID-19 was costing local farmers so much business that they were willing to destroy their crops.
His nonprofit非营利 has since moved转移 three million pounds of produce 农产品from farms in eastern Washington to the western part of the state for distribution to hundreds of food banks and meal programs. “I know these people that I grew up with on one hand, and on the other hand I know there is a need here; I’m just going to connect the two dots点,” said Ahearn, 45, who now lives in Bothell, Washington.
He started by calling local food banks who said they would be glad to take some of the produce that would otherwise否则 go to waste. But when he called the farmers, they wanted to give him truck loads of 大量的的 potatoes and onions—more than Ahearn’s car could handle承载. He also had another problem; food banks needed the potatoes and onions to be cleaned and bagged before donation. “What I didn’t realize was the logistical nightmare because I thought I could just show up with potatoes harvested straight from the ground and give them right to the food bank... I couldn’t believe it.”
So, Ahearn put out a call for help on Facebook. That’s how he connected with his two co-founders, Nancy Balin and Zsofia Pasztor. While Balin helped organize the convoy (运输) to drive across Washington to pick up the produce, Pasztor assembled volunteers to clean and bag the food, which was then distributed through connections at her another nonprofit Farmer Frog.
Since May, EastWest Food Rescue has grown the size of its operations and convoys. They have reached three million pounds of donated food.
Aheam has a message for anyone who wants to make their community (社区) a better place, “I have seen minutes of effort分钟的努力 move thousands, and thousands of pounds (of food). Just figure out what you are passionate about and what you could get involved in参与.”
4．How did Ahearn help his local community in paragraph2
A．By doing profitable work. B．By making food donations.
C．By buying their produce. D．By moving produce to food banks.
5．What troubled Ahearn when carrying out his plan in P3
A．He knew little about packaging打包. B．The produce was too much to take away 带走.
C．The food banks were too far away. D．Much of the produce had gone bad.
6．What does Ahearn’s message in the last paragraph indicate
A．Many hands make light work. B．Actions speak louder than words.
C．The longest journey begins with the first step. D．Never was a good work done without great effort.
7．What can be the best title for the text
A．Food banks benefit from fresh produce B．Social media marketing for nonprofits
C．Farmers’ businesses affected by Covid-19 D．Connecting the dots between farm and hunger
C
It’s a pleasant summer morning. Trees stand in the breeze. Insects fly among the branches. Everything seems calm and peaceful. But don’t be fooled. These trees are actually under attack due to hungry insects. The trees can’t hide or run away, but they have ways to fight back and even aid each other. As soon as a leaf is chewed（咀嚼）, the tree organizes defenses防御 first. It then quickly messages发消息 its neighbors and even calls on呼吁 other insects昆虫 for help.
All of this happens in ways we don’t see. But scientists are learning that plants can do many things. we associate with thinking. Could these abilities mean plants are intelligent Researchers are working to get to the root of what’s going on when plants act in ways we once thought only animals could.
In the 1980s, botanists first found signs that plants communicate with each other. In one early experiment, hurt trees seemed to warn their neighbors of danger. Some people described this as plants “talking” to each other.
Since then, scientists have shown this communication can be fairly complex（复杂的）. Plants respond better to messages from close relatives than to unrelated ones. It’s something Rick Karban has shown. He studies how plants and insects interact. Work by his group shows plants can tell辨别 one attacker from another. They send different signals depending on what type of insect is attacking.
Plants can even use more than one “language”. A team in Tel Aviv, Israel, recorded clicks and pops made by plants under stress. The sounds varied变化 across plant species and type of stress, such as drought and being cut. Although roughly as loud as human speech, they’re too high for people to hear. Other animals, however, such as bats, mice and insects, might be able to hear them, the researchers note. There’s a lot of evidence that plants respond to sounds. Other work suggests 表明that plants can learn and even remember. One famous study used a plant called Mimosa pudica. When the researchers shook the plants, they curled弯曲 their leaves right away. But when dropped again, they didn’t curl them. Researchers concluded that the plant had known that the drop wasn’t going to hurt them.
8．What’s the first response of the attacked tree
A．Fighting back. B．Seeking help. C．Hiding its leaves. D．Messaging other trees.
9．What did Rick Karban’s team find
A．Trees warn their neighbors of danger. B．Trees avoid talking to distant relatives远亲.
C．Trees can use more than one language. D．Trees can make out分清 different attackers.
10．Why is Mimosa pudica mentioned in the last paragraph
A．To prove plants’ ability to learn. B．To tell us plants suffer from stress.
C．To show plants can produce loud sounds. D．To explain plants react to same attackers.
11．What’s the best title of the text
A．Can Plants walk B．Are Plants Smart
C．Can Plants Attack Insects D．Are Insects Harmful to Plants
D
American consumers are projected to spend roughly $960 billion this holiday season. But retailers （零售商）expect returns to account for almost 20 percent of those sales. That return wave arises mainly because people tend to make a lot of mistakes when giving presents, says Julian Givi, a marketing expert and psychologist who has been studying gifting practices.
Giving good gifts may not seem like a research-worthy topic. But positive gift exchanges can help businesses struggling to deal with amounts of returns as well as improve social relationships. Most importantly, giving better gifts could take pressure off 减少压力the environment. By one estimate, in 2020, some 2.6 million tons of returned products in the United States wound up in a landfill被填埋.
Most of these studies were also done in the U. S. and U. K. The studies centered on the cultural factor. For instance例如, we often give the gifts around the holidays. But what we find is that recipients（接受者）actually prefer emotional gifts more than what givers anticipate. But if in a culture where you are going to get laughed at for giving an emotional gift, then I would say you won’t give a similar gift. However, the limitation on this body of research work is that it’s focused on adults. It’s a lot easier to get approval to do research on people who are 18 and older.
Gift givers送礼人 tend to focus on that “aha” moment, the moment when the ribbons and bow丝带和蝴蝶结 come off掉落. Recipients focus more on long-term functions. Research shows that people are misguided on how much surprise is important. However, recipients actually like things that they request better.
It had been assumed that gift givers were simply motivated by a desire to please recipients. Actually, people often give gifts that satisfy their own desires rather than而不是 the desires of recipients接收者. In other words, people would be a whole lot better at giving gifts if they could just get their sense of their own worth out of the way. Therefore, a better gift giver should take what recipients really want into consideration考虑.
12．What does the author think is the most important significance of giving better gifts in P2
A．Promoting products产品. B．Improving social relationships.
C．Reducing减少 environmental harm. D．Bettering communication skills.
13．How does the author explain the cultural factor因素 of giving gifts in P3
A．By listing data. B．By making comparisons.
C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples.
14．What does the underlined word “aha” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Annoying. B．Disappointing. C．Amazing. D．Moving.
15．What’s the advice for a better gift giver
A．Buying high quality items. B．Meeting gift givers’ desire欲望.
C．Sending multi-functional多功能 gifts. D．Stressing recipients’ preference偏好.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people describe American society as a salad bowl while然而 others think of it as a melting pot文化熔炉. In a bowl of salad, all the ingredients食材 are mixed混合 together. However， ____16____ , the ingredients make up a unity构成了一个整体. All the ingredients of a salad contribute to the finished product. They may be covered with the same dressing (调味酱), but the green vegetables, tomatoes and cooked corn can all be seen for what they are.
From this point of view America is very much like a salad bowl where individual ethnic groups mix together, yet maintain their cultural uniqueness. People may work together during the day at similar jobs and in the same companies, but at night they may return to their ethnic groups民族 where their own individual culture directs their way of life.___17____ Each ethnic group has its own special customs, language, food and traditions to protect and defend. This idea of the salad bowl is referred to as 被称为cultural diversity; that is, American society is a collection of various cultures living together in harmony within one country.
____18____ Here, society is like one large pot of soup一大锅汤. All cultural aspects are mixed together, sacrificing牺牲 their original identity身份 and keeping a bit of what they were to become a new reality. The longer the soup is cooked, the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve. In this sense, America can surely be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation. There are dozens of shared共同的 symbols. ____19____ In such a culture, symbols like the flag and the nation’s official song serve to有助于 break down the walls which separate ethnic groups.
Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot, America can be best described as a mixture of both.____20____
A. Both are correct depending on one’s point of view.
B. they never lose their shapes, colours or tastes.
C. This is why there is so much diversity within America.
D. In other words, America is a nation where there is unity in diversity.
E. Thus, one needs to abandon one’s culture to be considered “American”.
F. They serve to有助于 develop the various ethnic groups to create a new American culture.
G. The other theory, which is also used to describe American society, is the melting pot.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nowadays, influencers mimicking (滑稽模仿) pop songs on video can attract millions of likes on social media. This ____21____ me back to the days when television singing contests took the nation by ____22____. Countless youngsters got up their courage to ____23____ singing shows, but actually ____24____ singing talent. They might be pushed by their eager parents, or ___25__ friends who thought they were doing right by encouraging their mate to follow their dream despite their __26___ singing.
I, in my early twenties, thought ____27____ must step up. If I had kids, I would be the ____28____ kind. If my children couldn’t sing, I’d tell them straight, so they wouldn’t end up ____29____ themselves, or even losing face on national television.
However, as a parent now, I understand _____30_____ their personal growth matters more than any concern that they may not be so talented. If they stick, they may even improve. So when my older son kicks a ball two meters off target, I claim he is a(n) _____31_____ footballer. Recently my younger son has been chosen as the lead singer for his school concert. But he can’t sing. He shouts. He screams.
Do I tell him he is wonderful Of course! His confidence is __32___, and his stage presence is unquestionable. Though the __33__ is unpleasant, I still ___32__ heartily, and have just registered him in the singing program. Anyway, the journey itself, not just the destination, is what truly _35__ a person.
21. A. brings B. pushes C. pays D. holds
22. A. strategy策略 B. accident C. force D. storm风暴
23. A. try out for参加选拔 B. keep track of记录 C. drop out of退出 D. fit in with适应
24. A. showed B. lacked C. developed D. wasted
23. A. stone-hearted B. strong-willed意志坚强的 C. narrow-minded D. well-intentioned出于好意的
26. A. beautiful B. natural C. terrible D. skillful
27. A. teens B. parents C. fans D. friends
28. A. cruel残忍的 B. mild C. selfish自私的 D. patient
29. A. disguising伪装 B. accepting C. embarrassing D. improving
30. A. preventing B. supporting C. delaying延迟 D. noticing
31. A. brave B. stupid C. super D. ordinary
32. A. shaky B. absent C. precious D. limited
33. A. memory B. question C. hobby D. voice
34. A. clap B. sing C. play D. work
35. A. lectures B. shapes塑造 C. ignores D. conquers征服
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Museums have an important role to play as second classrooms. According to the National Cultural Heritage Administration (国家文化遗产管理局), more than 40,000 exhibitions ___36___ (hold) in museums across the country in 2023, attracting 1.29 billion visitors.
“Museums for Education and Research” was the theme of this year’s International Museum Day, which served as ___37___ reminder提醒物 about the role museums should play. A museum is like a school, and to ___38___ (true) run this school well, it is important to fully play its key role ___39___ educating people through public education related to culture and history.
Museums are the places ___40___ we can gain a deeper understanding of the past, a clearer grasp of the present, and more strength ___41___ (create) the future. In recent years, more and more museums have been adopting the “child-friendly” mode (模式), ___42___ (allow) children to immerse themselves in the world of cultural relics and experiencing the charm of history.
So far迄今为止, museums nationwide ___43___ (organize) many activities, such as holding exhibitions in schools and communities, holding cloud exhibitions and strengthening cloud education. By further enriching educational ___44___ (method) and broadening their services, the “museum fever” will not only continue, but also promote historical self-awareness and ___45___ (culture) confidence.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46 假定你是李华。你将代表你校参加一次主题为“Morals and Virtues”的英语演讲赛。请你撰写一篇演讲稿，结合自己的一次善举，谈谈你对儒家思想之“仁”的认识。
注意：写作词数应为80左右；
参考词汇： 儒家思想 Confucianism 仁kindness
Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua.
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As the saying says, something big can grow from small beginning. A caring 17-year-old girl, Lauren Schroeder, was inspired to help bring healthy food to needy families in her community. The story began three years ago and it greatly influenced her family and community members.
Coming from a farming family, Lauren Schroeder had some familiarity with agriculture, and had helped raise rabbits and lambs, but had never tried planting vegetables at scale大规模, though the Schroeder s planted soybeans大豆 and corn谷物 each year on their 150-acre farm.
Lauren Schroeder was volunteering at a community food bank at the age of 14. As she filled bags with donated groceries, she felt something was missing: fresh vegetables. Though there was plenty of food coming in can sandboxes, she didn’t see anything fresh and healthy to give to families in need. She thought it would be great to change that. She came up with a plan to grow and donate homegrown produce.
Inspired to make a change, this kindhearted teen then told her parents that she wanted to start a garden on part of their family farm in Dixon, Lowa, in order to supply local families in need with fresh produce including lettuce, carrots, tomatoes and so on, so that people could get the nutrition营养 they needed. Although proud of their daughter’s vision远见, and keen to support her project, the parents kindly reminded her that her plan was no walk in the park and made her aware of how much work it would take. Still the teenager was up for the challenge. Finally, her parents decided to let Lauren have a try and suggested she start from planting half an acre of land for the first year.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
词汇提示：varieties品种,seeds种子，gardening supplies园艺用品， investment投入,water crops浇灌作物, pick green bean crop采摘绿豆, donate捐赠,doubled the size of…面积扩大了一倍
Paragraph 1: Having gained her parents’ permission许可, this determined young girl took action at once.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Lauren’s hard work finally paid off得到回报 and she harvested her first crops作物.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2答案
1. D 2. D 3. B
4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D
8. A 9. D 10. A 11. B
12. C 13. D 14. C 15. D
16. B 17. C 18. G 19. F 20. D
21. A 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. D
26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B
31. C 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
36. were held
37. a
38. truly
39. in
40. where
41. to create
42. allowing
43. have organized
44. methods
45. cultural
46
Hello,everyone! My name is Li Hua.Today I'd like to talk about my views on kindness, which is promoted as the most important moral value in Confucianism.
Last Friday on my way home, I came across a little boy crying in the street. As it turned out,he got separated from his mother in the crowd. Having found he didn't know his parents' phone numbers, I took him to the nearest police station and accompanied him until he joyfully reunited with his mother, a scene which brought smiles to everyone's face.
As the saying goes,“Kindness is the golden chain linking society." If everyone practices kindness in daily life, no doubt we'll strengthen connection between people, which absolutely helps in building a harmonious society.
Thank you for listening!
47
Having gained her parents’ permission, this determined young girl took action at once. Lauren researched plants online, checking which species needed more shade, how much water was required and about the best time to harvest each crop. She also sought knowledge to cover seeds and gardening supplies. And most importantly, Lauren didn’t shy away from hard work and significant time investment. During Lowa’s hot and dry summers, she had to water her crops by hand from around two to three hours daily. She also checked daily for weeds, and bent down to pick her green bean crop, the most challenging vegetable to harvest in her opinion.
Lauren’s hard work finally paid off and she harvested her first crops. She donated all her crops to the food bank in her community. Encouraged to continue and expand her efforts, Lauren doubled the size of her garden to an acre, adding more plant varieties. She won the admiration of her community. People were grateful that Lauren’s donation gave them a chance to enjoy the food they used to grow themselves. Explaining her motivation, Lauren said, “I want to have something that will impact people. Many people help you out, but it makes more difference when you help people out. That’s what makes me most happy.”
