?????? UNIT 1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS ?主题语境：人与自我——节日与庆典
Phoenix flutes make music，
The moonlight flashes，
Fish and dragon lanterns whirl the whole night long. —Xin Qiji
凤箫声动，玉壶光转，一夜鱼龙舞。——辛弃疾
加黑词汇为话题词汇，阅读时加以体会。
Notes from the editor: Spring Festival is an important tradition in China. It has unique meanings. However, people may understand it differently, including those from other cultures. Here are three readers' accounts to our magazine, in which the readers shared their experiences and views about it.
Tom Jenkins, a 16 year old exchange student living in Nanjing.
It was my first time spending Spring Festival in China with my host family. Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family. Preparations began a week before the festival. First, the house was cleaned from top to bottom. My host mother Mrs Chen said this was to sweep away the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year.
Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door. It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives. The character looked really cool.
The greatest excitement began the night before Spring Festival. Fireworks were being let off across the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky. Children were covering their ears but with an expectant look on their faces. Mrs Chen said that it was to scare away the monster Nian. The fireworks were a lot of fun! We then sat together to enjoy a big dinner, wishing everyone a happy new year.
(节选自北师大版必修第一册UNIT 3)
学有 所得
1．词海拾贝
(1)sweep away 扫除；清扫
(2)upside down 颠倒
(3)light up 点亮；照亮
(4)expectant adj.期待的；预期的
2．阅读思考
(1)What does the text mainly tell us
The different experiences and understanding of Spring Festival.
(2)How do people celebrate Spring Festival
Clean the house, make Spring Festival couplets, such as Fu, and set off fireworks.
3．佳句欣赏
It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.(that引导主语从句；when引导时间状语从句)
翻译：人们相信，“福”字被倒贴时，幸福就会到来。
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking & Listening and Talking
基础 记忆
项目一 必会单词
1．lantern n．灯笼；提灯
2．costume n．(某地或某历史时期的)服装；戏装
3．march vi.& n．行进；前进；示威游行
4．congratulation n．祝贺；恭喜→congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪
5．riddle n．谜语；神秘事件
6．ceremony n．典礼；仪式
动词＋ ation后缀构成名词(有的动词需稍加变化)
celebrate→celebration 庆祝；庆典
appreciate→appreciation 欣赏；感激
civilize→civilization 文明
expect→expectation 期望
adapt→adaptation 适应；改编本
项目二 必记短语
1．dress up 穿上盛装；装扮
2．after all 毕竟；别忘了
3．have a great time 玩得快乐
4．take part in 参加
5．pay attention to 注意
6．do one's hair 做头发
“v.＋up”短语小结
build up 逐渐增强；建立
hang up 挂起来；挂断电话
pick up 偶然习得；捡起
bring up 抚养；教育
make up 虚构；弥补；组成
show up 出现；露面
take up 占据；从事
项目三 教材原句
1．It took her a long time to_do her hair and make up...
她花了很长时间做头发和化妆……
2．It'll be too tiring to_walk_or_dance for a long time in those shoes.
穿着那双鞋长时间走路或跳舞都太累了。
延伸 学习
Ⅰ.语音知识
音的同化
音的同化有两种情况：融合同化以及音变
1．融合同化：前后两个音互相影响，而融合成另一个音。
(1)/s＋j/→/ /
this year/ I I /
What's your name？/'w t 'neIm/
(2)/z＋j/→/ /
Has your friend come？/'h frend k m/
Is your brother home？/'I br h m/
(3)/t＋j/→/t /
didn't you/'dIdnt u/
won't you/'w nt u/
(4)/d＋j/→/d /
did you/dId u/
would you/w d u/
2．音变：一些辅音受后一个词的词首辅音影响而产生变化。
(1)在/k，ɡ/前，/n/→/ /
in case/I 'keIs/
ten girls/'te 'ɡ lz/
(2)在/ ，j/前，
①/s/→/ /
this ship/' I ' Ip/(两个/ /读时合成一个)
②/z/→/ /
Is she？/I i /
those young men/' 'j 'men/
(3)浊辅音与清辅音首尾相接时，浊音清化：
①/ /→/θ/
with thanks/wIθ'θ ks/
②/z/→/s/
he has to/hI'h stu /
③/v/→/f/
of course/ f'k s/
have to/h f'tu /
Ⅱ.话题词汇
1．hold some traditional activities 举办一些传统的活动
2．dress (sb.) up 穿上盛装；装扮
3．date back to/date from 追溯到
4．pass down from generation to generation 一代代传下来
5．have a better understanding of... 更好地了解……
6．celebrate the festival 庆祝节日
7．exchange gifts 交换礼物
8．family reunion 家人团圆
9．set off fireworks 燃放烟花
Ⅲ.情景交际
李明告诉了Betty一些关于中国中秋节的事情。请根据上下文选择合适的选项补全对话。
Li Ming: Hello, Betty.
Betty: Hello, Li Ming.
Li Ming：Do you know the Mid Autumn Festival
Betty: No, I don't. __1__
Li Ming：Of course. The Mid Autumn Festival is one of the most important festivals in the Chinese lunar calendar, and a legal holiday in several countries. __2__
Betty: __3__
Li Ming：Traditionally, on this day, Chinese family members and friends will gather to admire the shining mid－autumn moon, and eat mooncakes together.
Betty: Wow, that sounds great. __4__
Li Ming：The Mid Autumn Festival is on the fifteenth day of August in Chinese lunar calendar.
A．What do the Chinese people usually do on this day
B．Could you tell me when to celebrate the Mid Autumn Festival
C．Farmers celebrate the end of the summer harvesting season on this date.
D．Could you introduce the Mid Autumn Festival to me
答案：1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B
Ⅳ.听说词句
翻译词块
1．attend_the_ceremony参加仪式
2．guess_riddles猜谜语
3．receive_congratulations_from收到来自……的祝贺
4．give_performances进行表演
5．have_a_real_treat_for_the_eyes享受视觉盛宴
6．wear traditional costumes 身着传统服饰
7．march along the streets 游街
8．watch samba dance 观赏桑巴舞
9．dress up in carnival costumes 身着狂欢服
10．do one's hair and make up 做头发和化妆
完成句子
1．The Mid Autumn Festival falls_on_the_15th_day_of_the_eighth_month of Chinese lunar calendar.
中秋节在中国农历的八月十五。
2．In addition to these traditional activities, we have_a_wide_range_of_choices_such_
as_travelling_and_visiting_our_relatives_or_friends.
除了这些传统的活动外，我们还有很多的选择，比如旅游和拜访亲戚或朋友。
3．I hope you can help the students in our class to learn more about Western culture, which_can_increase_understanding_and_help_build_good_relationships_between_us.
我希望你能帮助我们班的学生更多地了解西方文化，这能增进理解并有助于建立我们之间良好的关系。
4．I hope that you can experience_the_Spring_Festival_to_know_more_about_Chinese_
history_and_culture.
我希望你能体验春节，更多地了解中国的历史和文化。
5．To show your respect, you might_as_well_bring_an_appropriate_gift,_like_some_
fruit.
为了表示敬意，你最好带一件合适的礼物，譬如一些水果。
词汇 精讲
1．dress (sb.) up 穿上盛装；装扮
[教材原句] dress up in carnival costumes
身着狂欢服
[归纳拓展]
(1)dress (sb.) up as... (把某人)打扮/装扮成……
dress oneself/sb. 给自己/某人穿衣
(2)be dressed in (＋颜色) 穿着(某种颜色的)衣服
get dressed 穿衣
[佳句背诵]
Jack and Bernard dressed up as movie stars in fancy costumes to attract people to buy their delicious popcorn.
杰克和伯纳德装扮成电影明星，穿着华丽的服装，以吸引人们购买他们美味的爆米花。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①I was just going to call the police for help when I saw a strange figure dressed(dress) in orange clothes.
②Up until now, I had been old enough to dress myself(me), but today I would need some help.
③Dressed(dress) in her most beautiful skirt, the girl tried to make herself noticed at the party.
完成句子
④The moment the alarm rang, I got up and got_dressed/dressed_myself_in_my_new_
clothes,_carried my schoolbag and rushed to school.
闹钟一响，我就起床，穿上新衣服，背着书包向学校冲去。
2．march vi.& n．行进；前进；示威游行
[教材原句] march along the streets游街
[归纳拓展]
(1)march on 继续行进；快速经过
march over 走过来
(2)on the march 在行军中；在进展中
go on a march 进行示威游行
wedding march 婚礼进行曲
the Long March 长征
[佳句背诵]
Soldiers were marching up and down outside the government buildings.
士兵们在政府大楼外来回练习队列行进。
[巧学活用]
完成句子
①She marched_over to me and demanded an apology.
她毅然走过来，要我向她道歉。
②Time marches_on and we still have not made a decision.
时间过得飞快，而我们却还没有拿定主意。
③The enemy are on_the_march.
敌人正在行军途中。
3．congratulation n．祝贺；恭喜(常用复数)
[教材原句] receive congratulations from... 收到来自……的祝贺
[归纳拓展]
(1)offer/send one's congratulations to sb. 向某人致以祝贺
congratulations to sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事
a letter of congratulation 贺信
(2)congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺
congratulate sb. on/upon (doing) sth. 就(做)某事向某人祝贺
[佳句背诵]
Congratulations on your passing the exam!
祝贺你通过了这次考试！
[易混辨析]
(1)congratulate 的宾语是“人”，表示祝贺某人在某事上的成功，如得第一名，考试通过等。
(2)celebrate 的宾语是“事物”，指庆祝令人高兴的事情或日子，如仪式、典礼、生日等。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①We offered our congratulations(congratulate) to him on his success in business.
②I congratulate myself on/upon having chosen a good woman to be my wife.
完成句子
③I am writing to invite you to celebrate_the_Spring_Festival together with my family.
我写信是想邀请你和我的家人一起过春节。
选词填空(congratulate/celebrate/congratulation)
④Li Hua was admitted to Peking University.His parents held a party to celebrate it.In the party, the friends congratulated Li Hua on his success. Some who didn't come also telephoned to offer their congratulations to him.
4．attend vt.出席；参加；照料；护理
[教材原句] attend the ceremony出席典礼
[归纳拓展]
(1)attend school/church上学/去教堂
attend a meeting/lecture/wedding/party参加会议/听演讲/出席婚礼/参加晚会
attend to处理；照顾；关怀；专心
attend on/upon sb. 照料某人；服侍某人(下级对上级)
(2)attendance n．出席；参加；上学；出席人
[佳句背诵]
①We'd like as many people as possible to attend.
我们希望出席的人越多越好。
②I have some urgent business to attend to.
我有一些急事要处理。
attend侧重“参加”之意。attend to作“处理”讲时，与do/deal with近义；作“照顾”讲时，与take care of、look after近义。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①A number of guests who came from home and abroad attended(attend) the Shanghai Expo.
②I have an important meeting to_attend(attend), so I can't join you in the discussion.
③If you had told me beforehand, I would have_attended(attend) your wedding.
完成句子
④You should attend_to your work, or you'll be fired.
你应该专心于你的工作，否则你会被解雇。
⑤I may be late—I have got one or two things to_attend_to.
我可能会迟到——我有一两件事要处理。
5．attract vt.吸引；引起注意
[教材原句] In pairs, discuss which of these festivals attracts you the most and why. 分组讨论哪个节日最吸引你，并说出为什么。
[归纳拓展]
(1)attract one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某事
be attracted by... 被……所吸引
(2)attractive adj.有吸引力的
be attractive to... 对……有吸引力
(3)attraction n．有趣的东西；吸引人之物
tourist attraction 旅游胜
[佳句背诵]
①This proposal has attracted a lot of interest.
这个提案引起了很大的兴趣。
②This place is a major tourist attraction.
这个地方是重要的旅游胜地。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①Beijing will make itself more beautiful to_attract(attract) the tourists all over the world.
②But for tourists like me, pandas are its top attraction(attract)．
③So attractive(attract) is the lake that many families drive there on weekends to spend their holidays.
完成句子
④Her new clothes are attracting_a_lot_of_attention.
她的新衣服吸引很多注意力。
⑤This programme has_little_attraction for the audience.
这个节目对观众几乎没有一点吸引力。
6．after all毕竟；终究；别忘了
[教材原句] After all, as you know, I love to dance! 毕竟，你知道，我喜欢跳舞！
[归纳拓展]
at all 究竟(在问句、条件句及肯定句中表强调)
not... at all 根本不；一点也不
in all 总共
above all 首先；最重要的是
all in all 总的来说；总而言之
first of all 首先(强调次序)
after all可置于句首或句末。置于句首，列出原因或提醒人们一个事实时，译成“毕竟；别忘了”；置于句末时，含有与预料的情况相反的意思，译成“结果，终究”。
[佳句背诵]
After all, 15 minutes of exercise is better than nothing.
毕竟，15分钟的锻炼比没锻炼强。
[巧学活用]
用all的相关短语填空
①He could not, after_all,_stop all the evil in the world.
②He does well in all his subjects, above_all,_in maths.
③Learning that there are 100 students in_all who take part in the English Speech Competition, I am so nervous that my heart is beating wildly.
④There is no doubt at_all that we did the right thing.
7．take part in参加；参与
[教材原句] Children then take part in Easter egg hunts to find the eggs and win prizes. 然后，孩子们参加复活节彩蛋搜寻活动，寻找彩蛋并赢得奖品。
[归纳拓展]
take an active part in 积极参加
participate in 参加；参与
play a part/role in... 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角
[佳句背诵]
More than 100 performers from around the world will take part in the festival activity.
来自世界各地的100多名演员将参加这个节日活动。
(1)take part in是固定短语，part前一般不用冠词，但是当part前有形容词修饰时，形容词前要用不定冠词。
(2)在使用take part in时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。
[巧学活用]
完成句子
①She takes_an_active_part_in local politics.
她积极参与地方政治性活动。
②China is playing a more important part/role_in the international affairs.
中国在国际事务中正起着越来越重要的作用。
③To join the Party, he took_an_active_part_in a variety of activities.
为了入党，他积极参加各种活动。
句式 精析
1．It took her a long time to do her hair and make up... [教材原句]
她花了很长时间做头发和化妆……
[句式分析]
本句为 It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.“做某事花费(某人)多长时间”句式在过去时中的应用。
[归纳拓展]
表示“花费”的句型：
(1)It takes (sb.) some time/energy to do sth.
(2)It takes some time/energy (for sb.) to do sth.
(3)Sth. take(s) sb. some time/energy to do sth.
(4)Sb. pay(s) for sth.
(5)Sb. pay(s) some money for sth.
(6)Sb. spend(s) some time/money on sth.
(7)Sb. spend(s) some time (in) doing sth.
(8)Sth. cost(s) sb. some time/money.
[佳句背诵]
As a new graduate, he doesn't know what it takes to start a business here.
作为一名刚毕业的学生，他不知道在这里创业需要什么。
[巧学活用]
完成句子
①It took my great courage to_tell the truth.
说出真相需要我极大的勇气。
②A month before the event, I spent hours working out a schedule outlining my goals and practical steps.
在活动开始前的一个月，我花了几个小时制定了一个时间表，列出了我的目标和实际步骤。
③Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.
他花了大量时间才记住了这些生词。
④The watch was very good, and he paid 20 percent down for it.
这块表很好，他首付了20%的钱。
2．It'll be too tiring to walk or dance for a long time in those shoes.[教材原句]
穿着那双鞋长时间走路或跳舞都太累了。
[句式分析]
本句中It为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。
[归纳拓展]
it作形式主语的常见句型：
(1)it＋be＋adj./n./介词短语＋to do sth.
(2)it＋动宾短语＋to do sth.
(3)it＋be＋adj./n.＋doing sth.
(4)it＋be＋adj./n./过去分词＋that从
[佳句背诵]
It is very difficult to translate the sentence well.
译好这个句子很难。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①It is his duty to attend to this matter.
完成句子
②It is no use shouting_at_him—he is deaf.
向他叫喊是没有用的——他耳聋。
③It's a pity that_we_shall_have_to_leave_tomorrow.
很遗憾我们明天必须离开。
达标 练案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The soldiers swung their arms as they marched(行进)．
2．All the people offered congratulations(祝贺) on his winning the race.
3．We go to the Confucius Temple and enjoy various lanterns(灯笼) there every year.
4．Think of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes(服装), and confusion.
5．The ceremony(仪式) of the carnival impressed the visitors from all over the world.
6．Scientists claimed yesterday to have solved the riddle(谜) of the birth of the universe.
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．You don't need to dress_up;_just to go to the pub—jeans and a T shirt will do.
2．Don't blame him for breaking that vase；after_all he is a child.
3．Every year, each child from Grade Ten takes_part_in an old school tradition—the plant sale held in early May, just before Mother's Day.
4．I'm looking forward to your coming and I wish you would have_a_great_time during the Spring Festival.
5．Every time he is late, he'll make_up an excuse.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．After dressing_up_carefully,_she went out happily.
仔细打扮后，她高兴地出去了。
2．She congratulated me warmly on/upon my good exam results.
她热烈祝贺我考试取得好成绩。
3．You shouldn't have blamed him at_all.He is a little child after_all.Above_all, he made only two mistakes in_all.
你根本不该责怪他。毕竟他还是个小孩子。更重要的是，他总共才出了两处错。
4．Any student who is interested in this activity is welcome to take_part/participate.
欢迎任何对这项活动感兴趣的学生参加。
5．It took_me_half_an_hour_to_finish the composition.
完成这篇作文花了我半个小时。
课时作业(一) Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking &
Listening and Talking
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Dressed(dress) in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
2．On arriving there, we offered our congratulations to him on his success.That's to say, we congratulated him on his success.(congratulate)
3．He failed many times but he succeeded after all.
4．It took him a long time to_acquire(acquire) the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
5．He told his mother that the shirt was too small to_wear(wear)．
6．I'd like to congratulate you on/upon your wonderful performance.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Around the world there are some festivals that for some of us may sound bizarre.
In England they celebrate the rolling cheese race, which occurs every year during the last Monday in May. This festival's characteristic is a contest where an official(官员) rolls cheese down a steep hill and festival goers go chasing after it. The winner is the first one to reach and catch the cheese.
Another festival celebrated in England is the world championship of grimaces(鬼脸). It is a celebration that dates back to 1297 and is celebrated during the month of September. The task is to perform the best grimace using anything you can to win.
The worldwide championship of wife lifting is celebrated in Finland. The game is based on Viking traditions where a man should carry away his neighbor's wife. According to the rules, any woman above 17 is considered as a wife, so if you are within this age, take care while visiting this country during the month of July.
Many of you have watched Pirates of the Caribbean and have known something about pirates. The 19th of September has been declared worldwide as the day to talk like a pirate. Plenty of people have celebrated it thanks to the publicity(宣传) on the Internet.
First staged in 1998, the Boryeong Mud Festival is an attraction that pulls more than a million visitors to the South Korean city. As you all know, the town is said to be rich in minerals, so there is no shortage of mud. Mud is trucked onto Daecheon Beach for tourists and locals to enjoy the festival to their best.
The Monkey Buffet Festival is held in Thailand to develop tourism. It's an annual feast held for about 600 monkeys. The Monkey Buffet Festival is held in honor of the Hindu gods Ram and Hanuman and involves 3,000 kilograms of vegetables and fruits being laid out for monkeys to stuff themselves.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了世界各地一些奇怪的节日。
1．What does the underlined word “bizarre” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Dangerous. B．Strange.
C．Scary. D．Familiar.
解析：词义猜测题。根据下文对这些节日的描述可知，它们都是一些不同寻常的、怪异的节日。故选B项。
答案：B
2．If a participant wants to win in the rolling cheese race, he/she should ________.
A．roll as much cheese down the hill as possible
B．find the largest piece of cheese rolling down the hill
C．perform the best grimace when chasing the cheese
D．be the first one to catch the cheese rolling down the hill
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The winner is the first one to reach and catch the cheese.”可知应选D项。
答案：D
3．According to the writer, a girl above 17 should be careful when enjoying ________.
A．the worldwide championship of wife lifting
B．the world championship of grimaces
C．the Boryeong Mud Festival
D．the Monkey Buffet Festival
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“According to the rules, any woman above 17 is considered as a wife, so if you are within this age, take care while visiting this country during the month of July.”可知应选A项。
答案：A
4．If you are interested in the Boryeong Mud Festival, you should go to ________.
A．England B．Finland
C．South Korea D．Thailand
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“First staged in 1998, the Boryeong Mud Festival is an attraction that pulls more than a million visitors to the South Korean city.”可知应选C项。
答案：C
Ⅲ.完形填空
The Mid Autumn Day is a happy time for a family reunion (团聚). But it was a different __1__ after my parents and I came to America. I remember the first Mid Autumn Day we spent here.
On that morning, I smiled seeing mooncakes on the table. But then I __2__ I had classes at 1：50 p．m. and felt __3__. You see, there's a __4__ in China for this special day but not in America. Noticing my upset, Mom tried to comfort me, “We have duck at lunch, your favorite. __5__？” The duck cheered me up. We had a delicious lunch, but before we __6__ it was time for class. I had to put down my __7__ and sat before my computer. I couldn't help __8__ that my Mid Autumn Day was like this—having online classes with lunch half eaten. I would never __9__ this in the past.
At the Mid Autumn Gala (联欢会), the scene (场景) of a family having dinner together made me __10__. I really missed my grandparents. Although we had __11__ them in the day, it was different from a reunion. How regretful we couldn't __12__！
At midnight, I got lost in thought. The day is so important that I felt upset without a good __13__. But on second thoughts, although the holiday __14__， the moon was still full. __15__， although in different countries, all hearts of my family were connected. Realizing this made me filled with warmth.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和父母来到了美国，中秋节无法和祖父母团圆，作者觉得很沮丧。
1．A.story B．time
C．show D．symbol
解析：story“故事”；time“时间”；show“展示”；symbol“符号”。根据后文“after my parents and I came to America”可知，此处指事情有所不同，应用different story。故选A。
答案：A
2．A.decided B．expected
C．realised D．replied
解析：decide“决定”；expect“期待”；realise“意识到”；reply“回答”。根据后文“I had classes at 1：50 p．m.”可知，作者意识到自己下午有课。故选C。
答案：C
3．A.awful B．doubtful
C．surprised D．tired
解析：awful“糟糕的”；doubtful“怀疑的”；surprised“惊讶的”；tired“疲惫的”。根据后文“Noticing my upset”可知，作者感觉糟糕。故选A。
答案：A
4．A.meal B．party
C．festival D．holiday
解析：meal“餐”；party“派对”；festival“节日”；holiday“假日”。中国中秋节会放假来庆祝，而美国不会。故选D。
答案：D
5．A.Moved B．Excited
C．Relaxed D．Confused
解析：moved“感动的”；excited“激动的”；relaxed“放松的”；confused“困惑的”。根据后文“The duck cheered me up.(这只鸭子使我高兴起来。)”可知，鸭子让作者兴奋。故选B。
答案：B
6．A.started B．cooked
C．finished D．tidied
解析：start“开始”；cook“烹饪”；finish“结束”；tidy“整理”。根据后文“with lunch half eaten”可知，午饭没吃完。故选C。
答案：C
7．A.papers B．chopsticks
C．presents D．books
解析：paper“报纸”；chopstick“筷子”；present“礼物”；book“书”。根据后文“and sat before my computer”可知，要上课了，作者不得不放下筷子，坐在电脑前。故选B。
答案：B
8．A.imagining B．confirming
C．explaining D．thinking
解析：imagine“想象”；confirm“确认”；explain“解释”；think“思考”。根据后文“that my Mid Autumn Day was like this”可知，作者不禁想到自己的中秋节就是这样了。故选D。
答案：D
9．A.stress B．accept
C．miss D．inspire
解析：stress“强调”；accept“接受”；miss“错过”；inspire“鼓舞”。根据后文“this in the past”可知，此处指错过过节。故选C。
答案：C
10．A.cry B．chat
C．recover D．understand
解析：cry“哭泣”；chat“闲聊”；recover“恢复”；understand“理解”。根据后文“I really missed my grandparents.(我真的很想念我的祖父母。)”可知，作者想念祖父母，所以一家人在一起吃饭的场景让自己哭了。故选A。
答案：A
11．A.visited B．met
C．called D．welcomed
解析：visit“拜访”；meet“遇见”；call“打电话”；welcome “欢迎”。根据第一段中的“after my parents and I came to America”可知，家人分开了，只能打电话。故选C。
答案：C
12．A.show up B．hold on
C．look back D．go back
解析：show up“出现”；hold on“稍等”；look back“回顾”；go back“回去”。根据前文“How regretful we couldn't”可知，此处指回家，回到祖父母身边。故选D。
答案：D
13．A.celebration B．tradition
C．connection D．account
解析：celebration“庆祝”；tradition“传统”；connection“连接”；account“账户”。根据前文“The day is so important that I felt upset without a good”可知，此处指庆祝中秋节，应用celebration。故选A。
答案：A
14．A.continued B．disappeared
C．changed D．returned
解析：continue “继续”；disappear “消失”； change “改变”； return “返回”。结合前文可知，作者他们身处美国，过节的方式变了。故选C。
答案：C
15．A.Hopefully B．Generally
C．Naturally D．Similarly
解析：句意：同样地，虽然身处不同的国家，但我家人的心是相通的。hopefully “希望地”；generally “通常”；naturally “自然地”；similarly “同样”。故选D。
答案：D
Ⅳ.语法填空
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers
for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 1.________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2.________ (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 3.________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country：
Oranges：Orange trees are more 4.________ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 5.________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 6.________ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 7.________ health，abundance and a happy home. They are easy 8.________ (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms(梅花): The 9.________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 10.________ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国新年常见的三种装饰物——橘子树、富贵竹和梅花枝，以及它们的美好寓意。
1．解析：考查词性转换。由空前的不定冠词a可知此处应用名词。故填celebration。
答案：celebration
2．解析：考查动词的时态及主谓一致。本文通篇对中国新年装饰物进行一般性介绍，所以用一般现在时；句子主语是动名词短语decorating with...，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填carries。
答案：carries
3．解析：考查非谓语动词。一个句子不能有两个谓语动词，而且空前的the earth与come是主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。
答案：coming
4．解析：考查固定搭配。more than意为“不仅仅是，不只是”，此处表示“橘子树不仅仅是装饰物，它们还是好运和财富的象征”。故填than。
答案：than
5．解析：考查非谓语动词。see sth.done意为“看到某物被……”，此处表示“看到橘子树上装点着红包和祝福好运的信息”。them与decorate是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。故填decorated。
答案：decorated
6．解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰整个句子，用副词，注意首字母要大写。故填Certainly。
答案：Certainly
7．解析：考查固定搭配。be associated with意为“与……有关，与……相联系”。故填with。
答案：with
8．解析：考查固定句式。sth.is easy to do意为“某事很容易做”。不定式用主动形式表达被动含义。故填to care。
答案：to care
9．解析：考查词性转换。由于空后的中心词是名词branches，空处应用形容词。故填beautiful。
答案：beautiful
10．解析：考查冠词。the first to do sth.意为“第一个做某事的”，不定式短语作后置定语。故填the。
答案：the
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
课前自主预习课文见本书347页WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS
基础 记忆
项目一 必会单词
Ⅰ.单词匹配
1．gratitude A．鞭炮；爆竹
2．firecracker B．邪恶的；有害的；罪恶的；邪恶；罪恶；恶行
3．evil C．媒介；手段；方法；中等的；中号的
4．medium D．感激之情；感谢
答案：1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C
Ⅱ.核心单词
1．range n．一系列；范围、界限 vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化
2．origin n．起源；起因；出身→original adj.原来的；最初的→originally adv.原来；起初
3．religion n．宗教；宗教信仰 →religious adj.宗教的；笃信宗教的
4．figure n．人物；数字；身材 vt.认为；认定
5．charm n．魅力；迷人的特征；咒语→charming adj.迷人的；有魅力的
6．joy n．高兴；喜悦→joyful adj.高兴的；快乐的
7．harvest n．收获季节；收成；收获 vi.&vt.收割(庄稼)；捕猎(动物、鱼)
8．agriculture n．农业；农艺→agricultural adj.农业(劳动/生产)
9．crop n．庄稼；作物；一季的收成
10．gather vi.聚集；集合 vt.聚集；搜集；收割
11．grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的→thankful(同义词)
12．feature vt.以……为特色 n．特色；特征；特点
13．decorate vt.装饰；装潢→decoration n．装饰；装修
14．significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的→significantly adv.有重大意义地；显著地→significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
15．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的→typically adv.典型地
16．commercial adj.商业(化)的；以获利为目的的→commercialise/commercialize vt.使商业化；利用……牟利→commercialisation/commercialization n．商业化
17．reflect vt.显示；反映；反射→reflected adj.反射的；反映的→reflection n．反射；反思；映像；考虑；反映
18．belief n．信仰；信心；信任→believe v．相信；信仰
19．faith n．宗教信仰；信任；相信→faithful adj.忠实的，忠诚的；守信的→faithfully adv.忠实地
20．occasion n．特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会→occasional adj.偶尔的；时有发生的→occasionally adv.偶尔；有时候
1．名词＋ al后缀变形容词(有的名词需稍加变化)
origin→original 原来的
season→seasonal 季节的；季节性的
agriculture→agricultural 农业的
nation→national 国家的
music→musical 音乐的
culture→cultural 文化的
tradition→traditional 传统的
2．名词＋ ful后缀变形容词
skill→skillful 有技巧的
power→powerful 强大的
hope→hopeful 有希望的
help→helpful 有帮助的
care→careful 认真的
wonder→wonderful 精彩的
Ⅲ.英英互译
1.range A.the point from which sth. starts; the cause of sth.
2.origin B.something important, interesting or typical of a place or thing
3.gratitude C.having the usual qualities or features of a particular type of person, thing or group
4.feature D.a variety of things of a particular type; the limits between which sth. Varies
5.fade E.the feeling of being grateful and wanting to express your thanks
6.typical F.to become or to make sth. become paler or less bright; to disappear gradually
答案：1.D 2.A 3.E 4.B 5.F 6.C
Ⅳ.一词多义
figure
1．She was pleased to report the latest trade figures to her manager.B
2．I am grateful to you for your advice on how to keep a slim figure.C
3．He was a leading figure in the music industry.A
4．I saw a horrible figure approaching in the darkness.D
5．I figure that you have a lot in common with me.F
6．I am figuring my expenses so that I can know where my money has gone.E
Ⅴ.熟词生义
1．He always makes much of his humble origins.n.出身
2．It was late August and the harvest had been safely gathered in.v.收割
3．Because of heavy pressure and overwork, he is fading fast.v.(身体)变得虚弱
项目二 必记短语
1．take place 发生
2．be grateful for 因……感激
3．fade away 逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱
4．in spite of 不管；尽管
5．take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
6．be good for 对……有好处
7．forget about 不再想；不把……放心上
8．drive away 赶跑
9．have faith in 相信……；对……有信心
10．have sth. in common 和……有共同之处
1．“动词＋to(介词)”的短语
look forward to 期望；盼望
keep to 遵守；坚持
stick to 坚持；忠于
lead to 导致；引起；通向
contribute to 有助于；为……做贡献；投稿
turn to 求助于；转向
object to 反对
2．“出现，消失”
vanish v．消失；灭绝
disappear vi.消失；失踪
fade vi.逐渐消失
die out 灭绝；消失
appear vi.出现；显得
show up 露面，出现
come up 出现；发生
turn up 出现；发生
项目三 教材原句
1．However, no_matter_how_different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
然而，无论它们看起来有多不同，在世界各地，分享欢乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神是所有节日的共同之处。
2．Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking_advantage_of the celebrations.
节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。
3．Online shopping websites and social media apps have made_it_much_easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.
网上购物网站和社交媒体应用程序让公众更容易花更多的钱为所爱的人购买礼物。
课文 理解
Ⅰ.匹配段落大意
Para. 1 A．Customs may change.
Para. 2 B．People's views on commercialised festivals.
Para. 3 C．Introducing the differences and similarities of festivals around the world.
Para. 4 D．The functions and meanings of celebrations and festivals.
Para. 5 E．Describing why and how people celebrate festivals with a typical example.
答案：Para. 1—C Para. 2—E Para. 3—A
Para. 4—B Para. 5—D
Ⅱ.阅读课文选最佳选项
1．Which festival can be found in almost every culture
A．The festival about religions.
B．The festival about famous figures.
C．The festival about important events.
D．The festival about the harvest season.
答案：D
2．Which country celebrated the harvest festival during the springtime
A．Ancient Egypt. B．Ancient China.
C．Ancient India. D．Ancient Japan.
答案：A
3．Why is lighting firecrackers stopped in Chinese Spring Festival
A．To drive away the evil spirits.
B．To stop air pollution from happening.
C．To become an exciting festival for children.
D．To save money and spend more on gifts.
答案：B
4．What will you find if you study festivals carefully
A．Festivals are an important part of society.
B．Festivals are becoming more and more commercial.
C．Customs play a significant role in festivals.
D．Different cultures have much in common.
答案：D
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Today's festivals have a wide range of 1.origins(origin), including the seasons of the year, famous 2.figures(figure), important events, and religions. The harvest festival is one of the 3.most_popular(popular) festivals and is celebrated in many cultures. Customs play a 4.significant(significance) role in festivals, but they can change over time. For example, many Chinese cities no longer allow 5.firecrackers(firecracker) during the Spring Festival, as they can increase air pollution. These days, festivals are becoming more 6.commercial(commerce), with people spending more money on gifts. Festivals reflect people's wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes 7.to/towards life. People 8.are_allowed(allow) to spend time with family, and to relax and enjoy life.
Ⅳ.佳句练习
1．找出下列佳句并翻译
①描写中秋节的句子
During_the_Mid Autumn_Festival_in_China，families_gather_to_admire_the_shining_moon_and_enjoy_delicious_mooncakes.
翻译：在中国中秋节期间，家庭成员团聚在一起，共赏明月，品尝美味的月饼。
②描述节日为什么是社会重要部分的句子
They_reflect_people's_wishes,_beliefs,_faiths,_and_attitudes_towards_life.They_are_occasions_that_allow_us_to_relax_and_enjoy_life,_and_forget_about_our_work_for_a_little_while._They_help_us_understand_where_we_came_from,_who_we_are,_and_what_to_appreciate.(利用排比强调节日的重要性)
翻译：它们(节日)反映了人类的愿望、信仰、信念以及对生活的态度。节日是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。节日帮助我们了解我们来自何方、我们是谁、我们应该感恩什么。
2．完成下列佳句并背诵
①Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.(with 复合结构)
节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。
②Online shopping websites and social media apps have_made_it_much_easier_for_the_public_to_spend more on gifts for their loved ones.(make＋it＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do...)
在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序使人们更容易为至亲至爱花更多的钱购买礼物。
Ⅴ.解读——长句难句分析
1．However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy，gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
[句式分析] 此句是复合句。However表示转折关系，意为“然而”；no matter how相当于however，意为“无论多么……”，引导让步状语从句。
[自主翻译] 然而，无论它们看起来有多不同，在世界各地，分享快乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神是所有节日的共同之处。
2．Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins.
[句式分析] 此句是复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语；in spite of为介词短语，意为“尽管，不管，不顾”。
[自主翻译] 另一个例子是万圣节，尽管它有着宗教渊源，但已经逐步发展成一个令孩子们兴奋的节日。
3．Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
[句式分析] 此句是复合句。Although引导的是让步状语从句；主句和从句中的两个believe后都接宾语从句，这两个从句前省略了引导词that。
[自主翻译] 尽管有人认为节日不应该被商业化，但是也有人认为消费增长有利于(提高)经济和公众幸福感。
4．They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.
[句式分析] 此句是复合句。that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面的先行词occasions，意为“时刻”。
[自主翻译] 节日是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。
词汇 精讲
1．range n．一系列；范围、界限 v．包括(在一定范围内)变化
[教材原句] They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. 它们有着各种各样的起源，如一年四季、宗教、著名人物和重要事件。
[归纳拓展]
(1)a wide range of... 一系列……
in/within the range of 在……射程以内；在……范围内
beyond/out of the range of 在……射程外；在……范围外
(2)range from...to... 在……范围内变动；包括由……到……之间的各类事物
range between... and... 在……和……范围内变动
[佳句背诵]
The theme park offers a wide range of activities for the tourists.
该主题公园为游客提供了各种各样的活动。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①He has a wide range of interests, ranging(range) from playing chess to fishing.
完成句子
②Attention, please! What we are learning is completely within_the_range_of the course standards; once the knowledge points are beyond/out_of_the_range_of our present abilities, we will inform you in advance.
请注意！我们正在学习的内容完全在课程标准的范围内；一旦知识点超出了我们目前的能力范围，我们会提前通知你们。
③It is important for students to make the most of their different learning environments and acquire a_wide_range_of knowledge.
对于学生来说，充分利用不同的学习环境，广泛涉猎知识十分重要。
2．figure n．画像；身材；数字；人物 vt.估计；计算；认为；认定
[教材原句] They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions，famous figures, and important events. 它们有着各种各样的起源，如一年四季、宗教、著名人物和重要事件。
[归纳拓展]
(1)keep one's figure 保持身材
have a good figure 身材好
a political/public figure 一位政治/公众人物
(2)figure... in 把……包括在内/计算在内
figure on 打算；指望
figure out 理解；想出；计算出
figure that... 认为……；认定……
[佳句背诵]
As for my favourite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.
至于中国历史上我最喜欢的人物，那一定是晚清的思想家魏源。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures(figure) in the world.
②Jane was puzzled at the figures(figure) of food waste but she was interested in the consequences.
完成句子
③I strongly suggest that you should work out for half an hour every day to keep_your_figure.
我强烈建议你每天锻炼半小时来保持身材。
④I can't figure_out why he quit his job.
我不能理解他为什么要离职。
3．take place 发生；举行
[教材原句] This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. 这一重要的农耕节日(一般)会在所有农作物收割完毕后举行。
[归纳拓展]
in place of 代替；交换
take one's place/take the place of sb. 代替某人
in place 合适；在适当的位置
out of place 不合适；在不适当的位
[佳句背诵]
The evening party will take place on New Year's Eve.
晚会将在除夕那天举行。
[易混辨析]
(1)take place 发生；举行；举办。多指有组织、有计划的事件的发生，没有偶然性。
(2)happen 碰巧发生。一般用于偶然或突发性事件。
(3)occur 发生；突然想起。其意义相当于happen。
(4)come about 发生；产生。多指事情已发生，但不知道为什么。多用于否定句和疑问句。
(5)break out 爆发。多指战争、灾难、瘟疫、争吵等事件的发生。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①The world saw the great changes that took(take) place in China.
选词填空(take place/happen/occur/come about/break out)
②When the gathering took_place,_he happened to pass by and a new idea occurred to him that he should attend it. Suddenly, a quarrel broke_out and he wondered how it came_about.
完成句子
③Airplanes cannot completely take_the_place_of trains.
飞机不会完全代替火车。
4．gather vi.聚集；集合 vt.聚集；搜集；收割
[教材原句] This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. 这一重要的农耕节日(一般)会在所有农作物收割完毕后举行。
[归纳拓展]
gather in 收获，收贮；聚拢
gather... from... 从……收获……
gather around/round 围
[佳句背诵]
In the evenings, we gathered around the fireplace and talked.
晚上，我们聚在壁炉旁聊天。
(1)gather有“聚集在一起”的含义，不与together连用。
(2)表示“两个人聚到一起”时，不能用gather，应用get together。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①They all gathered around/round the student whose mother was ill in hospital.
②Mother had gathered in all washed clothes before it rained.
③I could gather nothing from their statement.
5．grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的
[教材原句] People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year's supply of food. 人们通过庆祝来表达对这一年食物供给的感激之情。
[归纳拓展]
(1)be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事感激某人
be grateful to do... 因做……而感激
be grateful that... 感激……
I/We would be grateful if you could do...＝I/We would appreciate it if you could do... 如果你(们)能做……我(们)将感激不尽。
(2)gratitude n．感谢；感激之情
express/convey gratitude to sb. 向某人表达
[佳句背诵]
I would be grateful if you could send the completed form back as soon as possible.
如果您能尽快将表格填好寄回，我将不胜感激。
[巧学活用]
完成句子
①She was_grateful_for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.
她感激医护人员为她做的一切。
②I am_grateful_that he helped my family harvest crops in autumn.
我很感激他帮助我们家在秋天收割庄稼。
③I would like to express_my_gratitude to everyone for their hard work.
我要对所有辛勤劳动的人表示感谢。
④Mac was_grateful_to Paul and Becky for their willingness to help him. Otherwise, he would have been the food of the fierce wolf.
马克很感激保罗和贝基愿意帮助他。否则，他就会成为那只凶猛的狼的囊中之物了。
6．feature vt.以……为特色 vi.起重要作用；占重要地位 n．特色；特征；特点
[教材原句] It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. 节日以游行和盛大的宴会为特色，人们载歌载舞，运动竞技。
[归纳拓展]
(1)feature... as... 以……为特色；由……主演
feature in... 在……方面起重要作用/占重要地位
(2)the main/important feature 主要的/重要的
[佳句背诵]
This restaurant seems to feature vegetarian dishes.＝The feature of the restaurant seems to be vegetarian dishes.
这家餐厅似乎以素菜为其特色。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①A study of language should feature in an English literature course.
②The film features David as the professor.
7．decorate vt.装饰；装潢
[教材原句] Today，in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. 今天，在一些欧洲国家，人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政厅，聚餐庆祝。
[归纳拓展]
(1)decorate...with... 用……装饰……
be decorated with... 装饰着……
(2)decoration n．装饰；装饰
[佳句背诵]
[2023·浙江1月卷]Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and simpler in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
他们的四合院规模小得多，设计和装饰也更简单，胡同也更窄。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①Families will usually decorate their garden with shining colored lights when they get the time.
②Decorated(decorate) with different lights, the living room looks very beautiful.
③I went to the Christmas shop with my sister and bought some decorations(decorate) to decorate our house.
8．significant adj.有重大意义的；意味深长的；显著的
[教材原句] Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. 习俗在节日中发挥着重要作用，但有时它们会随着时间而改变。
[归纳拓展]
(1)It is significant that... 重要的是……
(2)significance n．意义；意思；重大意义；重要性
be of great significance＝be very significant 非常重要
attach (great) significance to... 认为……(非常)重要
(3)significantly adv.有重大意义地；显著地；意味深长地
[佳句背诵]
You'd better arrive ahead of time, which is of great significance to show your politeness.
你最好提前到，这样对显示你的礼貌很重要。
常见“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语：
be of significance＝be significant
be of importance＝be important
be of value＝be valuable
be of help＝be helpful
be of use＝be useful
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①This new measure is of great significance (significant)．
②It is significant(significance) to take steps to stop the river from being polluted.
③This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance(significant)．
完成句子
④Furthermore, guzheng is of_great_significance/very_significant to Chinese folk music, leading you to a fantastic world of music.
此外，古筝对中国民间音乐有着非常重要的意义，它引领你进入一个美妙的音乐世界。
9．fade vt.&vi.(使)褪色，凋落； 逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱
[教材原句] With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. 随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会消失，另一些(新的传统)可能会形成。
[归纳拓展]
fade out (声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡
fade away 逐渐消失；(使)褪色；(身体)变得虚弱
fade in (画面)淡入；使渐强
fade into 消失在……中
fade up (电视、广播中的声音)渐
[佳句背诵]
Colored cloth often fades when it is washed.
染色的布洗后常常掉色。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①Night fell and the coastline gradually faded into darkness.
完成句子
②She became ill and slowly faded_away.
她生病了，身体越来越虚弱。
③A view of the prairie faded_in.
一个草原的景象渐显。
④In the digital age, photography has become so fast and easy that film gradually fades_out from people's eyes.
数字时代，照相变得如此轻松快捷，胶卷逐渐淡出人们的视线。
10．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的
[教材原句] One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. 中国春节的代表性习俗燃放鞭炮就是一个例子。燃放鞭炮是为了驱赶邪灵和庆祝新年。
[归纳拓展]
(1)be typical of... 是典型的……；是……的特点
It is typical of sb. to do sth. 做某事是某人的特点。/某人一向如此(做某事)。
(2)typically adv.通常；典型
[佳句背诵]
It's typical of John to think about helping others in this way.
只有约翰才会想到以这种方式去帮助别人。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①It is about a Chinese romantic story, typical of Chinese culture.
②It is typical of her to help others in need.
完成句子
③It_is_typical_of_Chinese_people_to_arrive on time or earlier than the appointed time.
中国人经常准时到达或者比约定的时间早点儿。
11．in spite of尽管；不管
[教材原句] Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins. 另一个例子是万圣节，尽管它有着宗教渊源，但已经逐步发展成一个令孩子们兴奋的节日。
[归纳拓展]
尽管……
regardless of 不管；不顾
尽管……
in spite of为介词短语，与介词despite及regardless of一样，其后可跟名词、代词和动名词，意义基本相同。though、although也有“虽然，尽管”之意，但它们是连词，后面应接句子。
[佳句背诵]
We must carry on till success in spite of various challenges and difficulties.
尽管面临各种挑战和困难，我们仍必须坚持到成功。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①She remains optimistic in spite of so much hardship she has gone through.
②Despite being(be) a big star, she's very agreeable and pleasant.
完成句子
③Although/Though I'm busy with my study, I always find time to do something for my parents.
尽管我学习很忙，但是我还总找时间为父母做点事情。
④She is determined to do it regardless_of all consequences.
她不顾一切后果，决心这样做。
12．take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
[教材原句] Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. 节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。
[归纳拓展]
(1)advantage n．有利条件；有利因素；优势；优点；好处
have an advantage over 胜过；优于
to one's advantage 对……有利
at an advantage 处于有利地位
(2)disadvantage n．不利条件
to one's disadvantage 对某人不利
at a disadvantage 处于不利地位
put sb. at a disadvantage 使某人处于不利地位
[佳句背诵]
We need to take advantage of every opportunity to learn English.
我们需要利用每一个学习英语的机会。
[巧学活用]
完成句子
①I suggest that you should take_advantage_of this opportunity.
我建议你应该利用这次机会。
②I previously served as a volunteer several times, which helps me have_an_advantage_over other candidates.
我之前多次担任志愿者，这让我与其他候选人相比更有优势。
③He is familiar with the surroundings, which is to_his_advantage.
他熟悉周围的环境，这对他有利。
④The wise men are always at_an_advantage in the workplace.
聪明人在工作场所总是占优势。
13．reflect vi.思考 vt.反映；反射；显示
[教材原句] They reflect people's wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. 它们反映了人们的愿望、信念、信仰和对生活的态度。
[归纳拓展]
(1)reflect on/upon sth. 仔细考虑/沉思/反省某事
be reflected in... 被映照在……中；被反映在……
reflect sth. from sth. 从某物(表面) 反射(光、热、声等)
(2)reflection n．反映；表现；倒影；影像；思考；反省
on/upon reflection 经过考虑后(改变看法)
a reflection of... ……的反映
be lost in reflection陷入沉思中
[佳句背诵]
In common with other traditional festivals, the Mid Autumn Festival reflects Chinese cultural traditions.
与其他传统节日一样，中秋节反映了中国的文化传统。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①The sunlight was reflected from the water.
②Usually a child's behaviour is a reflection(reflect) of his family environment.
③Age differences are also reflected in the topics of reading.
完成句子
④You should set aside some time to reflect_on/upon your successes and failures.
你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。
14．belief n．信仰；信心；信任
[教材原句] They reflect people's wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. 它们反映了人们的愿望、信念、信仰和对生活的态度。
[归纳拓展]
(1)beyond belief 不可信；难以置信
have belief in... 对……有信心
hold a/the belief that... 坚信……
(2)believe vt.相信；认为
believe in 相信……的存在；信任；信赖
believe it or not 信不信由你
(3)believable adj.可相信的
unbelievable adj.难以置信
[佳句背诵]
I admire his passionate belief in what he is doing.
我佩服他对自己的工作所抱的坚定信心。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①Those beliefs (belief) still gain in popularity among the social groups.
完成句子
②People hold_a_firm_belief_that without development, there will be no lasting peace.
人们坚信，没有发展就没有持久和平。
③This book is full of believable,_interesting characters.
这本书里充满了真实可信的有趣人物。
④It was an unbelievable moment when Chris won the gold medal.
克里斯赢得金牌的那一刻令人感到不可思议。
15．faith n．宗教信仰；信任；相信
[教材原句] They reflect people's wishes, beliefs, faiths and attitudes towards life. 它们反映了人们的愿望、信念、信仰和对生活的态度。
[归纳拓展]
(1)keep faith with... 对……守信用；忠于信仰
have (one's) faith in... 相信……；对……有信心
lose faith (in)．.. (对……)失去信心
(2)faithful adj.忠实的
be faithful to 对……忠实
(3)faithfully adv.忠实地
[佳句背诵]
①She had an unshakeable faith in human goodness and natural honesty.
她坚信人的本性是善良诚实的。
②You can't expect your friends to trust you if you don't keep faith with them.
假如你对朋友不守信用，你就不要指望他们会信任你。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①One cannot be too faithful(faith) to one's duty.
完成句子
②I have_faith_in you; I am sure you will do well.
我相信你。我确定你会做好的。
③What I want to know is whether or not you have_lost_faith_in it.
我想知道的是你对这件事是否失去了信心。
16．occasion n．特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会
[教材原句] They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. 节日是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。
[归纳拓展]
(1)on occasion 有时；偶尔；间或
on one occasion 有一次
on no occasion 决不(放在句首时，句子需部分倒装)
on this/that occasion 在这个/那个时候
(2)occasional adj.偶尔的；有时的
occasionally adv.有时；偶尔
[佳句背诵]
On one occasion, he called me in the middle of the night.
有一次，他深更半夜给我打电话。
occasion作先行词，其后跟定语从句时，如果引导词在定语从句中作状语来表示时刻，应用关系副词when；若表示场合，应用关系副词where。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①I've been writing this report occasionally(occasional) for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.
②I can remember very few occasions when he had to ask for leave because of poor health.
③Please describe an occasion where somebody gave you positive suggestions.
句式 精析
1．However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals. [教材原句]
然而，无论它们看起来有多不同，在世界各地，分享欢乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神是所有节日的共同之处。
[句式分析]
no matter how意为“不管；无论如何”，引导让步状语从句，相当于however。
[归纳拓展]
(1)句中no matter how different they may seem 是 no matter how 引导的让步状语从句，意为“无论多么……”，此时可与however 互换。
(2)“no matter＋特殊疑问词(who/which/what/where/when等)”可引导让步状语从句，可与wh ever互换。但是“no matter＋特殊疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而wh ever不仅可以引导让步状语从句，还可以引导名词性从句(wherever, whenever除外)
[佳句背诵]
No matter when you travel, it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
无论你何时旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。
[巧学活用]
完成句子
①No matter how_far_away,_we will try to come home for the celebration.
无论离家多么远，我们都会尽量回家庆祝。
②No_matter_what/Whatever_you_say,_I won't believe you any longer.
无论你说什么，我再也不相信你了。
③No_matter_when/Whenever_he_comes again, he'll be welcome.
不管他何时再来，都会受到欢迎。
2．Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.[教材原句]
节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。
[句式分析]
with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations为with复合结构，在句中作状语。
[归纳拓展]
with复合结构在句中常作状语，表示伴随状况、原因、方式、条件等。其结构如下：
with＋宾语＋
[佳句背诵]
[2022·全国甲卷]People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.
法国人希望你每只手都拿着一个餐具吃饭。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①With a lot of difficult problems to_settle(settle), the newly elected manager is a cat on a hot brick.
②With his mother helping(help) him, he is getting along well with his work.
③With his attention concentrated(concentrate) on reading books, he didn't notice me coming in.
④With time going(go) on, it got warmer and warmer.
3．Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. [教材原句]
在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序使人们更容易为至亲至爱花更多的钱购买礼物。
[句式分析]
本句采用的是“主语＋make＋it＋adj./n.＋动词不定式”的结构。在本句中，it是形式宾语，后面的to spend more on gifts for their loved ones是真正的宾语，the public是spend的逻辑主语。
[归纳拓展]
find/consider/feel/make/think it＋n./adj.＋doing/to do/that从句。it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是宾语补足语后面的doing/to do/that从句。
[佳句背诵]
It makes it possible for the earth to support so many people.
这样就使得地球养活这么多的人成为可能。
[巧学活用]
单句语法填空
①I consider it a great honour to_be_invited(invite) to deliver a speech here.
②We think it necessary to practice oral English every day.
③I hate it when people shout loudly in public.
完成句子
④I feel_it_beneficial_for_me_to_read the English newspaper, Youth. So I make_it_a_rule_to_read_it for half an hour on a daily basis.
我觉得读英语报纸Youth对我来说是有益的。所以我使每天都要读半个小时英文报成为一种习惯。
达标 练案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Unemployment can bring on a range(一系列) of emotions including anger and fear.
2．You like Jazz very much, but do you know the origin(起源，由来) of Jazz
3．Mr Smith and I are good friends, but I don't share his religious(宗教的) beliefs.
4．In the evenings, we gathered(聚集) around the fireplace and talked happily.
5．When agricultural(农业的) work is over, people will hold various celebrations.
6．Few people realized the discovery was significant(有重大意义的)．
7．It is typical(典型的) of the young man to think of himself before others.
8．She could see herself reflected(映射) in his eyes.
9．Rice farmers here still plant and harvest(收获) their crops by hand.
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．The sound of the motorbike faded_away in the distance.
2．The great hall was_decorated_with flowers.
3．My grandparents are still energetic in_spite_of their old age.
4．Hopefully, you can take_advantage_of your spare time to taste these wonderful works.
5．Walking or cycling to school is_good_for our environment.
6．You'd better give_up smoking. It's bad for your health.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．The meeting to be held tomorrow is of_little_significance.
明天召开的会议对我们来说几乎没有什么重要意义。
2．Even though they almost_have_little_in_common,_they get along well with each other.
虽然他们几乎没有共同点，但是他们相处得很好。
3．I will never give up no_matter_how/however hard it is.
无论有多么困难，我都不会放弃。
4．No matter how busy he is, he makes_it_a_rule_to_read at least 20 minutes a day.
无论他多忙，他都把每天至少读20分钟的书定为常规。
5．He was so tired that he fell asleep with_the_light_on.
他太累了，没关灯就睡着了。
课时作业(二) Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.词汇语境练
1．This restaurant features(以……为特色) excellent cooking.
2．Harvesting(收获) grain in the 19th century required plenty of horsepower and manpower.
3．There are various topics, ranging(包括) from beauty to the risks of drinking.
4．The clouds are gathering(聚集) and it's going to rain.
5．Her aim is to own a slim figure(身材), so she decided to lose weight from now on.
6．I have the opportunity to visit the island, whose charm(魅力) lies in its unspoiled beauty.
7．To my joy(高兴), I have a chance to look for another more suitable job where I can thoroughly perform my ability.
8．Typically(typical), you should enable yourself to adapt to the new environment.
9．We sent our congratulations(congratulate) to her on passing the exam.
10．Significantly,_people attach greater significance to taking regular exercise. (significant)
Ⅱ.固定用法练
1．With all the work done(do), he was allowed to dress up to go to the samba.
2．She has had a number of different jobs, ranging(range) from chef to swimming instructor.
3．The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.
4．Now that you have lost faith in it, don't think about it.
5．A man who can speak English fluently has an advantage over others.
6．In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
7．With time going by, the figures in the picture have begun to fade away.
8．When they get together,_all they talk about is fashionable costumes.
9．A scientist working at her lab bench and a six month old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common.
10．Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Brazil, the largest country in South America, is famous for the Amazon rainforest and soccer. But on the hottest days, people travel there for another reason—the Carnival. Full of excitement and fun, the Carnival is held annually in February or March. This year, the celebration ran from February 9th to 13th.
It is a wild festival of food, music and dance. The word “Carnival” comes from the Portuguese “Carne Vale”， which means “farewell to meat”. In the early 1600s, the Portuguese brought European traditions to Brazil. Then they started their own carnival with dances and music, which were inspired by black people brought there by the slave trade.
With its beautiful floats(花车), attractive clothes and happy people, the Samba Parade is the most fantastic event of the Carnival. The Sambadrome is a special stadium for the Carnival in Rio de Janeiro with 80,000 seats where people can sit and enjoy the festival. “Samba is said to be the soul of Rio. This is where the passion for samba lies—the atmosphere is electric as even the oldest men and women sing and dance to the music，” travel guidebook Lonely Planet noted.
Top samba schools stand out in the main parade, with fantastic parades of floats and thousands of dancers. The parade goes on until dawn. The schools base their performances on certain themes from Brazilian history or on social and environmental problems, such as that of the Amazon rainforest.
Besides fun street parties, colorful costumes and energetic music, Carnival also offers plenty of tasty street food, such as Quindim—a dessert made of egg yolks and sugar.
Overall, it is traditionally a time to go a bit crazy with eating, dancing and dressing up.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了巴西狂欢节，狂欢节在每年的二月或三月举行，充满了激情和乐趣。今年的庆祝活动从2月9日持续到13日。文章还介绍了巴西狂欢节名字的由来以及其他一些节日特色。
1．What is TRUE about the Carnival in Brazil
A．It is annually celebrated from February 9th to 13th.
B．It has attracted a large number of people.
C．It is held for people to stop eating meat.
D．It was brought to Brazil by black people.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Sambadrome is a special stadium for the Carnival in Rio de Janeiro with 80,000 seats where people can sit and enjoy the festival.”可知，里约热内卢狂欢节的一个特殊体育场Sambadrome有8万个座位可供人们坐在其中享受节日。故选B项。
答案：B
2．It can be inferred that samba is popular because ________.
A．it brought European tradition
B．it highlights top samba schools
C．it represents Brazilian passion
D．it reflects Brazilian history
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Samba is said to be the soul of Rio. This is where the passion for samba lies”可知，桑巴舞是里约热内卢的灵魂，这是桑巴舞的激情所在，即桑巴代表了巴西人的激情。故选C项。
答案：C
3．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To tell the history of European settlers.
B．To attract more visitors to Brazil.
C．To introduce the Carnival in Brazil.
D．To show the attraction of samba.
解析：写作意图题。根据第一段中的“But on the hottest days, people travel there for another reason—the Carnival.”并结合文章内容主要为介绍巴西狂欢节可知，文章的主要目的是介绍巴西狂欢节。故选C项。
答案：C
Ⅳ.七选五
The Chongyang Festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar and people usually celebrate it by going mountain climbing. __1__ However, they are an important part of Chinese culture and we must protect and maintain them.
Traditional festivals teach us a lot about our nation's history. The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated in honor of Qu Yuan, a great poet living in the Warring States period of ancient China. __2__ Promoting traditional festivals helps spread knowledge about national history.
__3__ Many festivals, such as the Mid Autumn Festival, have a caring, family centered message at their heart. The full moon on the festival is considered to stand for family togetherness and family members will come back home even if they live very far away. With the celebrations of these festivals, younger generations learn to honor fine Chinese values.
Finally, traditional festivals are a source of national pride and help shape our national identity. For example, we celebrate the Hanshi Festival and the Laba Festival with unique customs, and these shared experiences bring us together as a people. __4__
Traditional festivals have been passed down to us from previous generations. __5__
A．Some will get together, appreciating the full moon.
B．It is our responsibility to protect them for the coming generations.
C．Unfortunately, many traditional festivals are becoming less and less popular in modern society.
D．Traditional festivals also enable us to learn more about fine Chinese values.
E．By celebrating it with rice dumplings and dragon boat races, the story of Qu Yuan is passed down from generation to generation.
F．Traditional festivals tell us who we are and fill us with pride in being Chinese.
G．Memorizing national history helps with our all around development.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了传统节日的价值并呼吁大家保护传统节日。
1．解析：根据后文“However, they are an important part of Chinese culture and we must protect and maintain them.(然而，它们是中国文化的重要组成部分，我们必须保护和维护它们。)”中的However可知，前后文之间是转折关系，C项(不幸的是，许多传统节日在现代社会变得越来越不受欢迎。)符合文意，故选C。
答案：C
2．解析：根据前文“The Dragon Boat Festival，for example, is celebrated in honor of Qu Yuan”可知，本段是用端午节纪念屈原为例来说明推广传统节日有助于传播历史知识。E项(通过粽子和赛龙舟的方式来庆祝，屈原的故事就这样一代一代地传下去了。)符合文意，故选E。
答案：E
3．解析：根据后文“With the celebrations of these festivals, younger generati(共64张PPT)
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