（期末培优卷）期末常考易错培优卷（含答案解析）-2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语
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| 名称 | （期末培优卷）期末常考易错培优卷（含答案解析）-2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2025-06-03 11:36:46 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语鲁教版（五四学制）
期末常考易错培优卷
注意事项
1. 全卷满分100分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：45分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．—Mom, shall we go to the beach tomorrow
—It ______ the weather.
A．looks up B．lives on C．depends on D．puts on
2．________ proud Daniel was to be elected chief editor of the school newspaper!
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
3．—________ should I take the medicine, Doctor
—Three times a day after meals.
A．How far B．How often C．How soon D．How long
4．The rain water flows ________ the underground sewage pipes into the treatment plants.
A．through B．by C．under D．into
5．________ great news! My best friend Lily has been elected to be monitor in our class.
A．What an B．What C．What a D．How
6．—Have you finished your project
—Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes.
A．give B．will give C．am given D．will be given
7．The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms (节气). Summer Solstice (夏至) is usually________ June.
A．at B．by C．in D．on
8．________ lovely toy bear you bought for my cousin. I will give it to him ________ I see him.
A．What; unless B．How, as soon as C．What a; as soon as D．How; unless
9．The driver had to stop suddenly to ________ an accident.
A．lay B．pack C．avoid D．kill
10．—Could you tell me ________ tomorrow
—At 8 o’clock.
when will she come B．how will she come
C．when she will come D．how she will come
11．More trees _________ down if the government doesn’t take proper action.
A．will be cut B．will cut C．are cut D．cut
12．Jack used to ________ a bus to work. But now he is used to ________ to work.
A．takes; walks B．taking; walking C．take; walk D．take; walking
13．With a pair of binoculars, we can see the birds more ________.
A．quietly B．clearly C．politely D．seriously
14．What ________ great time to make a snowman! Everything is covered in deep white snow.
A．/ B．a C．an D．the
15．—Miss Xie will teach us English next term.
—Great! That’s ________ what I expected.
A．exactly B．widely C．politely D．wisely
二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
16 people around the world like to listen to classical music. Do you know 17 about this kind of music In fact, it is not easy to 18 . It 19 different things to different people. Let me 20 you about it.
Some famous classical composers (作曲家) were Beethoven, Schumann and Tchaikovsky. They wanted to 21 people their strong feelings by music. They told stories 22 love and some other things. Sometimes they 23 music only for holidays.
24 , some other composers were not the same. In their 25 , they did not tell a story or show their strong feelings. They wanted to 26 beautiful and interesting music with lovely sounds. Some of 27 composers were Bach, Vivaldi, Haydn 28 Mozart.
Classical music has been 29 for hundreds of years. It is difficult 30 sometimes.
16．A．Many B．Much C．Little
17．A．nothing B．anything C．anywhere
18．A．find B．speak C．describe
19．A．mean B．means C．meaning
20．A．say B．talk C．tell
21．A．show B．plan C．wish
22．A．about B．in C．at
23．A．writing B．wrote C．writes
24．A．And B．However C．Yet
25．A．dream B．story C．music
26．A．hear B．make C．read
27．A．that B．they C．these
28．A．but B．or C．and
29．A．important B．popular C．delicious
30．A．understand B．understanding C．to understand
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
（A）
During the Song Dynasty (960-1279), there was an official named Zhang Guaiya. He worked in the town of Chongyang, in today’s Hubei. At that time, stealing (偷盗) happened everywhere—even in the town’s vault (金库).
One day, an official whose job was to guard the vault came out of the vault in a hurry. When he saw Zhang, he looked nervous. Zhang stopped him and asked him what happened. “Nothing,” said the official, but he didn’t dare to look up.
Zhang thought the official might steal the money, so he asked people to search the official. They found a coin in the official’s headband (头带).
Zhang asked him how much more money he had stolen. The official said he didn’t steal anything else. Zhang ordered the guards to beat him. The official didn’t give in. He said, “I only stole a coin. You can’t kill me just because of that!”
Zhang was very angry and said, “You should guard the vault but you steal money from it. If you steal a coin every day, you can steal one thousand coins in a thousand days.”
“Constant dropping wears away a stone.” The saying tells us that small things over time can make a big difference. On the one hand, it tells us not to do small bad things. On the other hand, it tells us to hold on to our goals and never give up.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
31．Zhang stopped the official because ________.
A．the official didn’t work that day
B．the official didn’t answer his questions
C．he thought the official might steal money from the vault
D．he wanted the official to search the vault
32．Where did the official hide the coin
A．In his pocket. B．In his headband. C．In his shoe. D．In his hand.
33．Why was Zhang angry
A．Because the official thought stealing a coin from the vault was a small thing.
B．Because the official should give the money to.
C．Because the official thought he did something wrong.
D．Because many officials stole money from the vault.
34．Which is the Chinese meaning of the underlined sentence
A．亡羊补牢 B．闻鸡起舞 C．刻舟求剑 D．水滴石穿
35．What’s the best title for this passage
A．The story of an official B．No one is perfect
C．Small efforts, big results D．Small things bring changes
（B）
“If there’s something in your life that makes you happy, do it! Don’t care what others say.” This is from the movie Heidi, which is one of the most popular movies since it came out.
The story took place in the Alps. It’s about a little girl named Heidi. Heidi lost her parents at an early age. She had an aunt. Her name is Dete. She had to take care of Heidi. Later, her aunt wanted to work in other places. Heidi’s grandfather lived in the Alps. She had to go there and turn to Heidi’s grandfather. Heidi’s grandfather was eccentric. He never talked to others and disagreed with the villagers. He lived alone in the wooden house in the mountain area. At first, Heidi’s grandpa didn’t want to accept her. One day, Heidi found her grandpa’s deep feelings. The old and the young depended on each other. Heidi was very happy to live with her grandpa. Heidi received the love of the villagers because of her loveliness and kindness. At that time, she also made friends with Peter. They played among the mountains and the green fields. Heidi had a happy life with her grandfather. But the good time did not last long. Heidi left her grandfather and the boy and went to a rich lady’s house to be her playmate. Heidi found happiness for the rich lady. What would happen in the end You can find the answer by watching this movie.
36．Why did Heidi go to her grandfather’s home
A．Because her parents were lost.
B．Because her grandfather missed her.
C．Because she wanted to live in the mountains.
D．Because her aunt wanted to work in other places.
37．Which of the following can best describe Heidi
A．Cool. B．Kind. C．Strict. D．Shy.
38．What does the underlined word “eccentric” in Paragraph 2 mean in English
A．strange B．outgoing C．friendly D．honest
39．Which picture shows Heidi’s grandfather’s house
A．B． C．D．
40．The text is probably a ______.
A．work diary B．medical report
C．film introduction D．family introduction
（C）
China National Tea Museum
Opened in 1991 in Hangzhou, China National Tea Museum is a museum themed with tea and tea culture in China. You can learn about the culture and history of tea in China there.
Best Seasons (季节): All seasons
Visiting Time: 2～3 hours
Opening Hours: 9:00 a. m.～4:30 p. m. (closed on Tuesday)
Tickets: Free
Halls
Tea History Hall
You can see how tea has developed in China since thousands of years ago.
Tea Collection Hall
More than 100 kinds of famous Chinese tea are on show. You will see how big the family of tea is.
Tea Information Hall
There are some pictures of famous people visiting the museum from home and abroad.
Tea Sets Hall
You’ll see tea sets in different times in China and know about the change of their looks and functions (功能).
Tea Custom (风俗) Hall
You can get to know the customs of tea testing in different places, like Yunnan, Sichuan, Fujian and so on.
41．What can we learn about China National Tea Museum
A．It’s the only tea museum in China. B．We can go there all year round.
C．We don’t need to pay to visit there. D．It has been open for about 40 years.
42．If you want to visit the museum, you can go there at ______.
A．8:00 a. m. B．2:30 p. m. C．4:30 p. m. D．5:00 p. m.
43．In the ______ people can see all kinds of tea like green tea, black tea and white tea.
A．Tea History Hall B．Tea Collection Hall
C．Tea Information Hall D．Tea Sets Hall
44．In the Tea Custom Hall, you can ______.
A．see some photos B．visit all kinds of tea
C．learn about the history of tea D．learn about how people drink tea around China
45．What’s the passage mainly about
A．Culture. B．Family. C．Medicine. D．Education.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：55分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．We are taught to behave (polite) in public.
47．We can point out the (sight) of Beijing from the top of the hill.
48．I like everything related to music, (include) the story about the music!
49．Lily won the first place, so we are (pride) of her.
50．Some foreigners like Chinese food, (include) dumplings.
51．Why not (考虑) doing it in another way Maybe you’ll succeed.
52．Newspapers and television programmes often have (采访) with famous people.
53．I asked her why she (微笑) at me that day.
54．Our chemistry teacher is so (幽默的) that we all like his class.
55．You must be careful when you cross the street, because the (交通) is very heavy in the rush hour.
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．那支队伍无须自鸣得意。
There’s no need for the team to of itself.
57．他把爱与温暖传播到每个地方。
He has love and everywhere he goes.
58．年轻的警卫为能报效国家而骄傲。
The young was to serve his country.
59．你太好了，一年到头都邀请我们去你家。
It’s you to invite us to your house .
60．这个男孩受到了他爸爸的惩罚，因为他在家弄出了太多的噪音。
The boy by his father because he made too at home.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
Hanfu has a history of about 3000 years. It has changed greatly, 61 we can still see some of the main features.
Hanfu becomes popular again in China. A lot of young people love it. They usually wear hanfu and take photos 62 (happy). The style is also popular with people from other countries. Tom, 63 young man from England, is one of them.
Tom teaches English in a school in Xi’an. In the city, he often 64 (see) many people wearing hanfu in streets. After seeing that many 65 (time), Tom really wanted to have a try. “My first try was the Tang style,” said the young man. “It made 66 (I) very special, and it is still my favorite one today.” Every time he puts on hanfu, he has a 67 (feel) of traveling back to old times.
Hanfu is like a door for Tom. It opens a world of 68 (color) Chinese culture. In the past, he only knew China has a long history. And now hanfu helps him to know 69 (much) about Chinese traditional culture than before.
Tom is making short videos about hanfu. “I can’t wait to show Chinese culture 70 people all over the world,” said Tom. “I hope more people will learn about hanfu and China through my videos.”
七、材料作文（本大题共20分）
71．2024“华夏之旅●国际中学生夏令营”将到访河北，活动主办方决定面向全省招募少年志愿者来用英语“讲好中国故事，让世界了解河北”。假如你是李华，请根据下面的招聘通知，并结合自身实际，用英文写一封自荐信。
Volunteers Wanted
Tour China Summer Camp 2024 is coming soon! We want volunteers for the summer camp.
What do you like to do How is your English Do you know something about Chinese history or culture Please introduce one of the places of interest in Hebei to us. We are looking forward to your letters and hope you can join us!
写作要求：
（1）你的自荐信至少包括通知中提到的要点；
（2）文中不得出现个人真实的姓名和校名；
（3）词数80左右，信件开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/ Madam,
I am Li Hua from Hebei Province. I’m writing to ask for the chance to work as a volunteer at the summer camp.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：——妈妈，我们明天去海滩好吗？——这要看天气。
考查动词短语。look up查阅；live on靠……生活；depend on由……决定，取决于；put on穿上。根据“It... the weather.”可知，明天是否去海滩取决于天气情况。故选C。
2．A
【解析】句意：丹尼尔当选校报总编辑是多么自豪啊！
考查感叹句。感叹句主要有两种形式：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语；What + (a/an) +形容词+名词+主语+谓语。本题中，空格后的核心词是形容词proud，因此应选择How来修饰形容词proud。故选A。
3．B
【解析】句意：——医生，我应该多久吃一次药？——一天三次。
考查特殊疑问词。How far多远，问距离；How often多久一次，问频率；How soon多久以后，问将来的时间；How long多长，问长度。根据答语“Three times a day”可知，回答的是频率。故选B。
4．A
【解析】句意：雨水通过地下污水管道进入污水处理厂。
考查介词辨析。through穿过；by通过某种方式；under在……下面；into进入。根据“The rain water flows … the underground sewage pipes into the treatment plants.”句意可知，此处表示“经过，流经”，flow through表示“流经”，为固定搭配。故选A。
5．B
【解析】句意：好消息！我最好的朋友莉莉被选为我们班的班长。
考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，此句为感叹句，中心词为不可数名词“news”，结构为“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语+谓语!”，结合选项可知，B项符合。故选B。
6．C
【解析】句意：——你完成你的项目了吗？——还没有。如果再给我十分钟，我就会完成它。
考查被动语态。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时；再分析从句主语I和动词give可知两者是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are+动词过去分词”，主语为I，be动词用am，故选C。
7．C
【解析】句意：中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气。夏至通常在六月。
考查介词辨析。at在某时间或时刻，后接具体的时刻；by不迟于，在……之前；in在某段时间内，后接年、月、季节等；on在具体某一天，后接具体的日期、星期几等。由“June (六月)”可知，此处表示在六月，应用介词“in”。故选C。
8．C
【解析】句意：你为我堂弟买的玩具熊多么可爱。我一看到他就给他。
考查感叹句及状语从句。lovely“可爱的”为形容词，修饰名词单数toy bear，故需“What+a (an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语”结构，lovely是以辅音音素开头的单词，需冠词a，故第一个空填What a；根据“I will give it to him...I see him.”可知，空处需as soon as“一……就……”来引导时间状语从句，故选C。
9．C
【解析】句意：司机不得不突然停车以避免发生事故。
考查动词辨析。lay放置；pack打包，收拾；avoid避免；kill杀死。结合“stop suddenly to...an accident”可知，这里是指停车去避免发生事故。故选C。
10．C
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我她明天什么时候过来吗？——8点。
考查宾语从句。when will she come语序错误；how will she come语序错误；when she will come她什么时候会来；how she will come她将怎样来。结合宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序和“At 8 o’clock.”可知，这里是指什么时候过来，所以用“when”引导宾语从句。故选C。
11．A
【解析】句意：如果政府不采取适当的行动，更多的树木将被砍伐。
考查时态及语态。此句为if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循 “主将从现”，主句用一般将来时，主语trees与cut是被动关系，应该用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选A。
12．D
【解析】句意：Jack过去常常坐公交车上班。但是现在他习惯走路上班。
考查动词短语和非谓语动词。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯做某事。根据“Jack used to ... a bus to work. But now he is used to ... to work.”可知，第一空应用动词原形take，第二空用动名词walking。故选D。
13．B
【解析】句意：用这副双筒望远镜，我们能更清楚地看到这些鸟。
考查副词辨析。quietly安静地，平静地；clearly清楚地，清晰地；politely有礼貌地；seriously严肃地。根据“With a pair of binoculars, we can see the birds more …”可知，用双筒望远镜能看得更清楚。故选B。
14．B
【解析】句意：多好的时间堆雪人啊！一切都被厚厚的白雪覆盖着。
考查冠词。/零冠词；a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指。根据“What...great time to make a snowman!”可知，此句为what引导的感叹句，结构为what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语，中心词time“时光”为可数名词，great为辅音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。故选B。
15．A
【解析】句意：——谢老师下学期将教我们英语。——太棒了！这正是我所期望的。
考查副词辨析。exactly恰好，完全；widely广泛地；politely礼貌地；wisely明智地。根据“Great! That’s ... what I expected.”可知，谢老师教英语，正是我所期望的，exactly符合语境。故选A。
16．A 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．B 27．C 28．C 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了古典音乐的相关情况。
16．句意：世界上许多人喜欢听古典音乐。
Many许多，后接名词复数；Much许多，后接不可数名词；Little很少的，后接不可数名词。根据空后集体名词people“人，人们”可知，此处应用many修饰people。故选A。
17．句意：你了解这种音乐吗？
nothing没有什么；anything任何事；anywhere在任何地方。分析句子结构可知，此处是询问是否了解这种音乐的一些事情；句子为一般疑问句，应用anything。故选B。
18．句意：事实上，它并不容易描述。
find找到；speak说；describe描述。根据下文“different things to different people”可知，此处是指描述这种音乐很难。故选C。
19．句意：它对不同的人意味着不同的东西。
mean“意味着”，动词原形；means动词三单形式；meaning现在分词或动名词。结合语境可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“It”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形式。故选B。
20．句意：让我来告诉你。
say“说”，后接所说的内容；talk“交谈”，常与介词to/with“与……交谈”；tell告诉。根据空后“you about it”可知，此处考查tell sb. about sth.“告诉某人关于某事”，动词短语。故选C。
21．句意：他们想通过音乐向人们表达他们强烈的感情。
show展示；plan计划；wish希望。根据下文“show their strong feelings”可知，此处是指通过音乐来展示他们的感情。故选A。
22．句意：他们讲关于爱情和其他一些事情的故事。
about关于；in在……里；at在。根据空前“tell stories”和备选词汇可知，此处是指讲述关于爱和别的事情的故事。故选A。
23．句意：有时他们只为假期写歌。
writing动名词或现在分词；wrote过去式；writes动词三单形式。根据上文“They told stories”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式wrote。故选B。
24．句意：然而，其他一些作曲家却不一样。
And和，又；However然而；Yet仍然。结合上下文语境可知，此处与上文存在转折关系，且空后有逗号，应用however表示转折。故选B。
25．句意：在他们的音乐中，他们没有讲述一个故事，也没有表达他们强烈的感情。
dream梦想；story故事；music音乐。根据上文“Sometimes they … music only for holidays.”可知，此处是指他们的音乐作品。故选C。
26．句意：他们想用可爱的声音制作美丽有趣的音乐。
hear听见；make制作；read阅读。根据上文“some other composers”可知，此处是指作曲家创作音乐。故选B。
27．句意：这些作曲家包括巴赫、维瓦尔第、海顿和莫扎特。
that那；they他们；these这些。根据上文“some other composers were not the same”可知，此处是指这些不一样的其他作曲家。故选C。
28．句意：这些作曲家包括巴赫、维瓦尔第、海顿和莫扎特。
but但是；or或者；and和，又。分析句子结构可知，Haydn与Mozart是并列关系，应用and连接。故选C。
29．句意：古典音乐已经流行了几百年。
important重要的；popular受欢迎的，流行的；delicious美味的。根据上文“people around the world like to listen to classical music”可知，此处是指古典音乐流行了几百年。故选B。
30．句意：有时很难理解。
understand“理解”，动词原形；understanding现在分词或动名词；to understand动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处考查句型It’s adj. to do sth.“做某事是……”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式结构。故选C。
31．C 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．D
【导语】本文讲述了宋代官员张乖崖在崇阳任职时，发现一名金库守卫偷窃一枚铜钱的故事。
31．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“Zhang thought the official might steal the money, so he asked people to search the official.”可知，张怀疑官员偷钱才拦住他。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“They found a coin in the official’s headband.”明确说明硬币藏在头带里。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“I only stole a coin. You can’t kill me just because of that!”以及“If you steal a coin every day, you can steal one thousand coins in a thousand days.”可知，他生气是因为官员认为偷一枚硬币是小事。故选A。
34．词句猜测题。划线句子“Constant dropping wears away a stone.”对应中文谚语“水滴石穿”，强调微小行为的累积效应。故选D。
35．最佳标题题。全文通过偷硬币的故事，核心寓意是“小事积累会带来巨大影响”，选项D。
36．D 37．B 38．A 39．D 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇电影介绍，主要讲述了电影《海蒂》的故事情节。文章通过描述海蒂的生活经历，展现了她与祖父和村民之间的关系以及她的成长历程。
36．细节理解题。根据“Later, her aunt wanted to work in other places. Heidi’s grandfather lived in the Alps. She had to go there and turn to Heidi’s grandfather.”可知，海蒂去祖父家是因为她的姑姑想去别的地方工作。故选D。
37．推理判断题。根据“Heidi received the love of the villagers because of her loveliness and kindness.”可知，海蒂因为她的可爱和善良赢得了村民们的喜爱。因此，最能描述海蒂的词是Kind“善良”。故选B。
38．词句猜测题。根据“Heidi’s grandfather was eccentric. He never talked to others and disagreed with the villagers. He lived alone in the wooden house in the mountain area.”可知，海蒂的祖父从不与他人交流，也与村民不合，独自生活在山区的木屋里。从这些描述可以推断eccentric意为“古怪的”，与strange近义。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据“He lived alone in the wooden house in the mountain area.”以及“They played among the mountains and the green fields.”可知，海蒂的爷爷独自住在山区的木屋里，而且周围有山和绿地。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据“This is from the movie Heidi, which is one of the most popular movies since it came out.”以及通读全文可知，这是一篇介绍电影《海蒂》的短文，主要讲述了电影的情节和主题，因此，文章的体裁是电影介绍。故选C。
41．C 42．B 43．B 44．D 45．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国茶叶博物馆，包括其1991年在杭州开放，以茶和茶文化为主题，涵盖最佳参观季节、参观时长、开放时间、门票情况，还介绍了馆内不同展厅及其展示内容。
41．细节理解题。根据文中“Tickets: Free”可知，参观中国茶叶博物馆不需要付费。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据文中“Opening Hours: 9:00 a.m. ~ 4:30 p.m. (closed on Tuesday)” 可知，下午2:30在开放时间内可以参观。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据文中“Tea Collection Hall: More than 100 kinds of famous Chinese tea are on show. You will see how big the family of tea is.”可知，在茶叶收藏馆能看到各种茶。故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据文中“Tea Custom (风俗) Hall: You can get to know the customs of tea testing in different places, like Yunnan, Sichuan, Fujian and so on.”可知，在茶风俗厅可以了解各地品茶习俗，也就是了解中国人如何喝茶。故选D。
45．主旨大意题。文章围绕中国茶叶博物馆展开，介绍其与茶相关的展厅、文化等内容，核心是茶文化。故选A。
46．politely
【解析】句意：我们被教导在公共场合要有礼貌。括号内“polite”为形容词，需要变为副词“politely”，修饰动词behave。故填politely。
47．sights
【解析】句意：我们可以从山顶把北京的景色尽收眼底。此处表示多个景点，是复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填sights。
48．including
【解析】句意：我喜欢一切与音乐有关的东西，包括关于音乐的故事！分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为like，因此这里应用介词短语作状语；including“包括”，介词，符合语境。故填including。
49．proud
【解析】句意：莉莉得了第一名，我们为她感到骄傲。根据“are…of”以及所给词可知，考查be proud of“为……骄傲”。故填proud。
50．including
【解析】句意：有些外国人喜欢中国菜，包括饺子。横线上应是介词，对前文的补充性说明。所以将include变为including。故填including。
51．consider
【解析】句意：为什么不考虑用另一种方法做呢？也许你会成功。consider“考虑”，动词；why not do sth.“为什么不做某事”，动词用原形。故填consider。
52．interviews
【解析】句意：报纸和电视节目经常采访名人。根据中文提示，可知此处需填名词interview“采访”，又因为“famous people”，因此不止一个采访，名词需使用复数形式。故填interviews。
53．smiled
【解析】句意：我问她那天为什么对我微笑。根据中文提示可知此处需填动词smile“微笑”。又因为句子为why引导的宾语从句，时态需遵循主过从过的原则，因此smile需使用过去式。故填smiled。
54．humorous
【解析】句意：我们的化学老师是如此幽默以至于我们都很喜欢他的课。humorous“幽默的”，形容词作表语，故填humorous。
55．traffic
【解析】句意：你过马路的时候一定要小心，因为在高峰时间交通非常拥挤。根据中文提示可知，用traffic表示“交通”，不可数名词，故填traffic。
56．be proud/feel proud
【解析】对比所给中英文可知，“自鸣得意”也就是“为自己感到骄傲”，设空处为“感到骄傲”；be proud of/feel proud of…“为……感到骄傲”，是固定搭配，根据空前的不定式符号“to”可知，此处用动词原形。故填be/feel proud。
57．spread warmth
【解析】根据中英文提示，第一空缺少“传播”的表达，第二空缺少“温暖”的表达；spread传播，动词，根据“He has”可知，第一空填动词的过去分词spread，构成现在完成时结构；根据“love and”可知，第二空填入名词warmth“温暖”。故填spread；warmth。
58．guard proud
【解析】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“警卫”以及“骄傲的”；guard“警卫”，此处应用单数形式；proud“骄傲的”。故填guard；proud。
59．(very) kind of all year round
【解析】根据所给句意可知，此句用句型“It’s+形容词+of sb. to do sth.”，意为“某人是……的去做某事”，第一空表示“你真好”，应用形容词kind，第一空用“(very) kind of”；第二空表示“全年”，用短语all year round。故填(very) kind of；all year round。
60．was punished much noise
【解析】根据所给句意可知，第一空处表示“受到处罚”，应用被动语态，根据“because he made”可知，用一般过去时，其构成为“was/were done”，主语“The boy”表示单数，用was构成，惩罚“punish”，动词，第一空填was punished；第二空表示“太多噪音”，用短语too much noise。故填was punished；much noise。
61．but 62．happily 63．a 64．sees 65．times 66．me 67．feeling 68．colorful 69．more 70．to
【导语】本文主要讲述了汉服受到了我国和其他国家人们的喜爱。
61．句意：它有很大的变化，但我们仍然可以看到一些主要的功能。由“It has changed greatly,”和“we can still see some of the main features”可知，前后两句之间存丰转折关系，应用but连接。故填but。
62．句意：他们通常穿着汉服，愉快地拍照。根据空格前的“take photos”可知, 修饰动词应用副词，happy“高兴的”，形容词，其副词形式为happily。故填happily。
63．句意：汤姆，一个来自英国的年轻人，就是其中之一。根据“Tom...young man from England, is one of them.”可知，此处是第一次介绍一个年轻人Tom，表示泛指。young是辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
64．句意：在城市里，他经常在街上看到许多人穿着汉服。根据“he often...many people”可知，本句缺少谓语动词；本文使用一般现在时，本句主语是第三人称he，动词应用单三形式。故填sees。
65．句意：看了那么多次之后，汤姆真的很想试一试。根据空格前的“many”可知，空格处应使用名词复数形式，time“次数”，可数名词。故填times。
66．句意：它让我很特别，直到今天它仍然是我最喜欢的一张。根据空格前的动词“made”和待选词汇可知，空格处应使用代词的宾格形式，I“我”，主格，其宾格形式为me。故填me。
67．句意：每次穿上汉服，他都有一种回到过去的感觉。根据“he has a...of traveling backtraveling back to old times”可知，此处考查固定搭配“have a feeling of”，意为“有一种……的感觉”，feel“感受到”，动词，feeling“感觉”，名词。故填feeling。
68．句意：它打开了一个丰富多彩的中国文化世界。根据空格后的名词词组“Chinese culture”可知，空格处应用形容词来修饰；color“颜色”，名词，colorful“丰富多彩的”，形容词。故填colorful。
69．句意：现在汉服帮助他比以前更多地了解中国传统文化。根据本句中的“than before”可知，本句应使用形容词或副词的比较级，much“多地”，副词；more“更多地”，比较级。故填more。
70．句意：我迫不及待地想向世界各地的人们展示中国文化。根据“show Chinese culture...people”可知，此处考查固定搭配“show sth. to sb.”，意为“向某人展示某物”。故填to。
71．例文
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua from Hebei Province. I’m writing to ask for the chance to work as a volunteer at the summer camp.
I love talking to people and sharing stories. My English is good enough to communicate with international students. I know a lot about Chinese history and culture. For example, Chengde Mountain Resort in Hebei is a great place to visit. It has a long history and beautiful scenery. I can tell the stories behind it to the campers.
I really want to join you and help make the summer camp a success. I hope I can be part of this wonderful event.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为自荐信；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据所给的问题同时进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图（已给出）；
第二步，介绍自己的相关信息，并介绍河北的一个景点；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①communicate with和……交流
②for example例如
③be part of成为……的一部分
[高分句型]
①My English is good enough to communicate with international students.（动词不定式作结果状语）
②I hope I can be part of this wonderful event.（省略that的宾语从句）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语鲁教版（五四学制）
期末常考易错培优卷
注意事项
1. 全卷满分100分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：45分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．—Mom, shall we go to the beach tomorrow
—It ______ the weather.
A．looks up B．lives on C．depends on D．puts on
2．________ proud Daniel was to be elected chief editor of the school newspaper!
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
3．—________ should I take the medicine, Doctor
—Three times a day after meals.
A．How far B．How often C．How soon D．How long
4．The rain water flows ________ the underground sewage pipes into the treatment plants.
A．through B．by C．under D．into
5．________ great news! My best friend Lily has been elected to be monitor in our class.
A．What an B．What C．What a D．How
6．—Have you finished your project
—Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes.
A．give B．will give C．am given D．will be given
7．The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms (节气). Summer Solstice (夏至) is usually________ June.
A．at B．by C．in D．on
8．________ lovely toy bear you bought for my cousin. I will give it to him ________ I see him.
A．What; unless B．How, as soon as C．What a; as soon as D．How; unless
9．The driver had to stop suddenly to ________ an accident.
A．lay B．pack C．avoid D．kill
10．—Could you tell me ________ tomorrow
—At 8 o’clock.
when will she come B．how will she come
C．when she will come D．how she will come
11．More trees _________ down if the government doesn’t take proper action.
A．will be cut B．will cut C．are cut D．cut
12．Jack used to ________ a bus to work. But now he is used to ________ to work.
A．takes; walks B．taking; walking C．take; walk D．take; walking
13．With a pair of binoculars, we can see the birds more ________.
A．quietly B．clearly C．politely D．seriously
14．What ________ great time to make a snowman! Everything is covered in deep white snow.
A．/ B．a C．an D．the
15．—Miss Xie will teach us English next term.
—Great! That’s ________ what I expected.
A．exactly B．widely C．politely D．wisely
二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
16 people around the world like to listen to classical music. Do you know 17 about this kind of music In fact, it is not easy to 18 . It 19 different things to different people. Let me 20 you about it.
Some famous classical composers (作曲家) were Beethoven, Schumann and Tchaikovsky. They wanted to 21 people their strong feelings by music. They told stories 22 love and some other things. Sometimes they 23 music only for holidays.
24 , some other composers were not the same. In their 25 , they did not tell a story or show their strong feelings. They wanted to 26 beautiful and interesting music with lovely sounds. Some of 27 composers were Bach, Vivaldi, Haydn 28 Mozart.
Classical music has been 29 for hundreds of years. It is difficult 30 sometimes.
16．A．Many B．Much C．Little
17．A．nothing B．anything C．anywhere
18．A．find B．speak C．describe
19．A．mean B．means C．meaning
20．A．say B．talk C．tell
21．A．show B．plan C．wish
22．A．about B．in C．at
23．A．writing B．wrote C．writes
24．A．And B．However C．Yet
25．A．dream B．story C．music
26．A．hear B．make C．read
27．A．that B．they C．these
28．A．but B．or C．and
29．A．important B．popular C．delicious
30．A．understand B．understanding C．to understand
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
（A）
During the Song Dynasty (960-1279), there was an official named Zhang Guaiya. He worked in the town of Chongyang, in today’s Hubei. At that time, stealing (偷盗) happened everywhere—even in the town’s vault (金库).
One day, an official whose job was to guard the vault came out of the vault in a hurry. When he saw Zhang, he looked nervous. Zhang stopped him and asked him what happened. “Nothing,” said the official, but he didn’t dare to look up.
Zhang thought the official might steal the money, so he asked people to search the official. They found a coin in the official’s headband (头带).
Zhang asked him how much more money he had stolen. The official said he didn’t steal anything else. Zhang ordered the guards to beat him. The official didn’t give in. He said, “I only stole a coin. You can’t kill me just because of that!”
Zhang was very angry and said, “You should guard the vault but you steal money from it. If you steal a coin every day, you can steal one thousand coins in a thousand days.”
“Constant dropping wears away a stone.” The saying tells us that small things over time can make a big difference. On the one hand, it tells us not to do small bad things. On the other hand, it tells us to hold on to our goals and never give up.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
31．Zhang stopped the official because ________.
A．the official didn’t work that day
B．the official didn’t answer his questions
C．he thought the official might steal money from the vault
D．he wanted the official to search the vault
32．Where did the official hide the coin
A．In his pocket. B．In his headband. C．In his shoe. D．In his hand.
33．Why was Zhang angry
A．Because the official thought stealing a coin from the vault was a small thing.
B．Because the official should give the money to.
C．Because the official thought he did something wrong.
D．Because many officials stole money from the vault.
34．Which is the Chinese meaning of the underlined sentence
A．亡羊补牢 B．闻鸡起舞 C．刻舟求剑 D．水滴石穿
35．What’s the best title for this passage
A．The story of an official B．No one is perfect
C．Small efforts, big results D．Small things bring changes
（B）
“If there’s something in your life that makes you happy, do it! Don’t care what others say.” This is from the movie Heidi, which is one of the most popular movies since it came out.
The story took place in the Alps. It’s about a little girl named Heidi. Heidi lost her parents at an early age. She had an aunt. Her name is Dete. She had to take care of Heidi. Later, her aunt wanted to work in other places. Heidi’s grandfather lived in the Alps. She had to go there and turn to Heidi’s grandfather. Heidi’s grandfather was eccentric. He never talked to others and disagreed with the villagers. He lived alone in the wooden house in the mountain area. At first, Heidi’s grandpa didn’t want to accept her. One day, Heidi found her grandpa’s deep feelings. The old and the young depended on each other. Heidi was very happy to live with her grandpa. Heidi received the love of the villagers because of her loveliness and kindness. At that time, she also made friends with Peter. They played among the mountains and the green fields. Heidi had a happy life with her grandfather. But the good time did not last long. Heidi left her grandfather and the boy and went to a rich lady’s house to be her playmate. Heidi found happiness for the rich lady. What would happen in the end You can find the answer by watching this movie.
36．Why did Heidi go to her grandfather’s home
A．Because her parents were lost.
B．Because her grandfather missed her.
C．Because she wanted to live in the mountains.
D．Because her aunt wanted to work in other places.
37．Which of the following can best describe Heidi
A．Cool. B．Kind. C．Strict. D．Shy.
38．What does the underlined word “eccentric” in Paragraph 2 mean in English
A．strange B．outgoing C．friendly D．honest
39．Which picture shows Heidi’s grandfather’s house
A．B． C．D．
40．The text is probably a ______.
A．work diary B．medical report
C．film introduction D．family introduction
（C）
China National Tea Museum
Opened in 1991 in Hangzhou, China National Tea Museum is a museum themed with tea and tea culture in China. You can learn about the culture and history of tea in China there.
Best Seasons (季节): All seasons
Visiting Time: 2～3 hours
Opening Hours: 9:00 a. m.～4:30 p. m. (closed on Tuesday)
Tickets: Free
Halls
Tea History Hall
You can see how tea has developed in China since thousands of years ago.
Tea Collection Hall
More than 100 kinds of famous Chinese tea are on show. You will see how big the family of tea is.
Tea Information Hall
There are some pictures of famous people visiting the museum from home and abroad.
Tea Sets Hall
You’ll see tea sets in different times in China and know about the change of their looks and functions (功能).
Tea Custom (风俗) Hall
You can get to know the customs of tea testing in different places, like Yunnan, Sichuan, Fujian and so on.
41．What can we learn about China National Tea Museum
A．It’s the only tea museum in China. B．We can go there all year round.
C．We don’t need to pay to visit there. D．It has been open for about 40 years.
42．If you want to visit the museum, you can go there at ______.
A．8:00 a. m. B．2:30 p. m. C．4:30 p. m. D．5:00 p. m.
43．In the ______ people can see all kinds of tea like green tea, black tea and white tea.
A．Tea History Hall B．Tea Collection Hall
C．Tea Information Hall D．Tea Sets Hall
44．In the Tea Custom Hall, you can ______.
A．see some photos B．visit all kinds of tea
C．learn about the history of tea D．learn about how people drink tea around China
45．What’s the passage mainly about
A．Culture. B．Family. C．Medicine. D．Education.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：55分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．We are taught to behave (polite) in public.
47．We can point out the (sight) of Beijing from the top of the hill.
48．I like everything related to music, (include) the story about the music!
49．Lily won the first place, so we are (pride) of her.
50．Some foreigners like Chinese food, (include) dumplings.
51．Why not (考虑) doing it in another way Maybe you’ll succeed.
52．Newspapers and television programmes often have (采访) with famous people.
53．I asked her why she (微笑) at me that day.
54．Our chemistry teacher is so (幽默的) that we all like his class.
55．You must be careful when you cross the street, because the (交通) is very heavy in the rush hour.
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．那支队伍无须自鸣得意。
There’s no need for the team to of itself.
57．他把爱与温暖传播到每个地方。
He has love and everywhere he goes.
58．年轻的警卫为能报效国家而骄傲。
The young was to serve his country.
59．你太好了，一年到头都邀请我们去你家。
It’s you to invite us to your house .
60．这个男孩受到了他爸爸的惩罚，因为他在家弄出了太多的噪音。
The boy by his father because he made too at home.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
Hanfu has a history of about 3000 years. It has changed greatly, 61 we can still see some of the main features.
Hanfu becomes popular again in China. A lot of young people love it. They usually wear hanfu and take photos 62 (happy). The style is also popular with people from other countries. Tom, 63 young man from England, is one of them.
Tom teaches English in a school in Xi’an. In the city, he often 64 (see) many people wearing hanfu in streets. After seeing that many 65 (time), Tom really wanted to have a try. “My first try was the Tang style,” said the young man. “It made 66 (I) very special, and it is still my favorite one today.” Every time he puts on hanfu, he has a 67 (feel) of traveling back to old times.
Hanfu is like a door for Tom. It opens a world of 68 (color) Chinese culture. In the past, he only knew China has a long history. And now hanfu helps him to know 69 (much) about Chinese traditional culture than before.
Tom is making short videos about hanfu. “I can’t wait to show Chinese culture 70 people all over the world,” said Tom. “I hope more people will learn about hanfu and China through my videos.”
七、材料作文（本大题共20分）
71．2024“华夏之旅●国际中学生夏令营”将到访河北，活动主办方决定面向全省招募少年志愿者来用英语“讲好中国故事，让世界了解河北”。假如你是李华，请根据下面的招聘通知，并结合自身实际，用英文写一封自荐信。
Volunteers Wanted
Tour China Summer Camp 2024 is coming soon! We want volunteers for the summer camp.
What do you like to do How is your English Do you know something about Chinese history or culture Please introduce one of the places of interest in Hebei to us. We are looking forward to your letters and hope you can join us!
写作要求：
（1）你的自荐信至少包括通知中提到的要点；
（2）文中不得出现个人真实的姓名和校名；
（3）词数80左右，信件开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/ Madam,
I am Li Hua from Hebei Province. I’m writing to ask for the chance to work as a volunteer at the summer camp.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：——妈妈，我们明天去海滩好吗？——这要看天气。
考查动词短语。look up查阅；live on靠……生活；depend on由……决定，取决于；put on穿上。根据“It... the weather.”可知，明天是否去海滩取决于天气情况。故选C。
2．A
【解析】句意：丹尼尔当选校报总编辑是多么自豪啊！
考查感叹句。感叹句主要有两种形式：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语；What + (a/an) +形容词+名词+主语+谓语。本题中，空格后的核心词是形容词proud，因此应选择How来修饰形容词proud。故选A。
3．B
【解析】句意：——医生，我应该多久吃一次药？——一天三次。
考查特殊疑问词。How far多远，问距离；How often多久一次，问频率；How soon多久以后，问将来的时间；How long多长，问长度。根据答语“Three times a day”可知，回答的是频率。故选B。
4．A
【解析】句意：雨水通过地下污水管道进入污水处理厂。
考查介词辨析。through穿过；by通过某种方式；under在……下面；into进入。根据“The rain water flows … the underground sewage pipes into the treatment plants.”句意可知，此处表示“经过，流经”，flow through表示“流经”，为固定搭配。故选A。
5．B
【解析】句意：好消息！我最好的朋友莉莉被选为我们班的班长。
考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，此句为感叹句，中心词为不可数名词“news”，结构为“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语+谓语!”，结合选项可知，B项符合。故选B。
6．C
【解析】句意：——你完成你的项目了吗？——还没有。如果再给我十分钟，我就会完成它。
考查被动语态。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时；再分析从句主语I和动词give可知两者是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are+动词过去分词”，主语为I，be动词用am，故选C。
7．C
【解析】句意：中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气。夏至通常在六月。
考查介词辨析。at在某时间或时刻，后接具体的时刻；by不迟于，在……之前；in在某段时间内，后接年、月、季节等；on在具体某一天，后接具体的日期、星期几等。由“June (六月)”可知，此处表示在六月，应用介词“in”。故选C。
8．C
【解析】句意：你为我堂弟买的玩具熊多么可爱。我一看到他就给他。
考查感叹句及状语从句。lovely“可爱的”为形容词，修饰名词单数toy bear，故需“What+a (an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语”结构，lovely是以辅音音素开头的单词，需冠词a，故第一个空填What a；根据“I will give it to him...I see him.”可知，空处需as soon as“一……就……”来引导时间状语从句，故选C。
9．C
【解析】句意：司机不得不突然停车以避免发生事故。
考查动词辨析。lay放置；pack打包，收拾；avoid避免；kill杀死。结合“stop suddenly to...an accident”可知，这里是指停车去避免发生事故。故选C。
10．C
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我她明天什么时候过来吗？——8点。
考查宾语从句。when will she come语序错误；how will she come语序错误；when she will come她什么时候会来；how she will come她将怎样来。结合宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序和“At 8 o’clock.”可知，这里是指什么时候过来，所以用“when”引导宾语从句。故选C。
11．A
【解析】句意：如果政府不采取适当的行动，更多的树木将被砍伐。
考查时态及语态。此句为if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循 “主将从现”，主句用一般将来时，主语trees与cut是被动关系，应该用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选A。
12．D
【解析】句意：Jack过去常常坐公交车上班。但是现在他习惯走路上班。
考查动词短语和非谓语动词。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯做某事。根据“Jack used to ... a bus to work. But now he is used to ... to work.”可知，第一空应用动词原形take，第二空用动名词walking。故选D。
13．B
【解析】句意：用这副双筒望远镜，我们能更清楚地看到这些鸟。
考查副词辨析。quietly安静地，平静地；clearly清楚地，清晰地；politely有礼貌地；seriously严肃地。根据“With a pair of binoculars, we can see the birds more …”可知，用双筒望远镜能看得更清楚。故选B。
14．B
【解析】句意：多好的时间堆雪人啊！一切都被厚厚的白雪覆盖着。
考查冠词。/零冠词；a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指。根据“What...great time to make a snowman!”可知，此句为what引导的感叹句，结构为what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语，中心词time“时光”为可数名词，great为辅音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。故选B。
15．A
【解析】句意：——谢老师下学期将教我们英语。——太棒了！这正是我所期望的。
考查副词辨析。exactly恰好，完全；widely广泛地；politely礼貌地；wisely明智地。根据“Great! That’s ... what I expected.”可知，谢老师教英语，正是我所期望的，exactly符合语境。故选A。
16．A 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．B 27．C 28．C 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了古典音乐的相关情况。
16．句意：世界上许多人喜欢听古典音乐。
Many许多，后接名词复数；Much许多，后接不可数名词；Little很少的，后接不可数名词。根据空后集体名词people“人，人们”可知，此处应用many修饰people。故选A。
17．句意：你了解这种音乐吗？
nothing没有什么；anything任何事；anywhere在任何地方。分析句子结构可知，此处是询问是否了解这种音乐的一些事情；句子为一般疑问句，应用anything。故选B。
18．句意：事实上，它并不容易描述。
find找到；speak说；describe描述。根据下文“different things to different people”可知，此处是指描述这种音乐很难。故选C。
19．句意：它对不同的人意味着不同的东西。
mean“意味着”，动词原形；means动词三单形式；meaning现在分词或动名词。结合语境可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“It”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形式。故选B。
20．句意：让我来告诉你。
say“说”，后接所说的内容；talk“交谈”，常与介词to/with“与……交谈”；tell告诉。根据空后“you about it”可知，此处考查tell sb. about sth.“告诉某人关于某事”，动词短语。故选C。
21．句意：他们想通过音乐向人们表达他们强烈的感情。
show展示；plan计划；wish希望。根据下文“show their strong feelings”可知，此处是指通过音乐来展示他们的感情。故选A。
22．句意：他们讲关于爱情和其他一些事情的故事。
about关于；in在……里；at在。根据空前“tell stories”和备选词汇可知，此处是指讲述关于爱和别的事情的故事。故选A。
23．句意：有时他们只为假期写歌。
writing动名词或现在分词；wrote过去式；writes动词三单形式。根据上文“They told stories”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式wrote。故选B。
24．句意：然而，其他一些作曲家却不一样。
And和，又；However然而；Yet仍然。结合上下文语境可知，此处与上文存在转折关系，且空后有逗号，应用however表示转折。故选B。
25．句意：在他们的音乐中，他们没有讲述一个故事，也没有表达他们强烈的感情。
dream梦想；story故事；music音乐。根据上文“Sometimes they … music only for holidays.”可知，此处是指他们的音乐作品。故选C。
26．句意：他们想用可爱的声音制作美丽有趣的音乐。
hear听见；make制作；read阅读。根据上文“some other composers”可知，此处是指作曲家创作音乐。故选B。
27．句意：这些作曲家包括巴赫、维瓦尔第、海顿和莫扎特。
that那；they他们；these这些。根据上文“some other composers were not the same”可知，此处是指这些不一样的其他作曲家。故选C。
28．句意：这些作曲家包括巴赫、维瓦尔第、海顿和莫扎特。
but但是；or或者；and和，又。分析句子结构可知，Haydn与Mozart是并列关系，应用and连接。故选C。
29．句意：古典音乐已经流行了几百年。
important重要的；popular受欢迎的，流行的；delicious美味的。根据上文“people around the world like to listen to classical music”可知，此处是指古典音乐流行了几百年。故选B。
30．句意：有时很难理解。
understand“理解”，动词原形；understanding现在分词或动名词；to understand动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处考查句型It’s adj. to do sth.“做某事是……”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式结构。故选C。
31．C 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．D
【导语】本文讲述了宋代官员张乖崖在崇阳任职时，发现一名金库守卫偷窃一枚铜钱的故事。
31．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“Zhang thought the official might steal the money, so he asked people to search the official.”可知，张怀疑官员偷钱才拦住他。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“They found a coin in the official’s headband.”明确说明硬币藏在头带里。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“I only stole a coin. You can’t kill me just because of that!”以及“If you steal a coin every day, you can steal one thousand coins in a thousand days.”可知，他生气是因为官员认为偷一枚硬币是小事。故选A。
34．词句猜测题。划线句子“Constant dropping wears away a stone.”对应中文谚语“水滴石穿”，强调微小行为的累积效应。故选D。
35．最佳标题题。全文通过偷硬币的故事，核心寓意是“小事积累会带来巨大影响”，选项D。
36．D 37．B 38．A 39．D 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇电影介绍，主要讲述了电影《海蒂》的故事情节。文章通过描述海蒂的生活经历，展现了她与祖父和村民之间的关系以及她的成长历程。
36．细节理解题。根据“Later, her aunt wanted to work in other places. Heidi’s grandfather lived in the Alps. She had to go there and turn to Heidi’s grandfather.”可知，海蒂去祖父家是因为她的姑姑想去别的地方工作。故选D。
37．推理判断题。根据“Heidi received the love of the villagers because of her loveliness and kindness.”可知，海蒂因为她的可爱和善良赢得了村民们的喜爱。因此，最能描述海蒂的词是Kind“善良”。故选B。
38．词句猜测题。根据“Heidi’s grandfather was eccentric. He never talked to others and disagreed with the villagers. He lived alone in the wooden house in the mountain area.”可知，海蒂的祖父从不与他人交流，也与村民不合，独自生活在山区的木屋里。从这些描述可以推断eccentric意为“古怪的”，与strange近义。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据“He lived alone in the wooden house in the mountain area.”以及“They played among the mountains and the green fields.”可知，海蒂的爷爷独自住在山区的木屋里，而且周围有山和绿地。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据“This is from the movie Heidi, which is one of the most popular movies since it came out.”以及通读全文可知，这是一篇介绍电影《海蒂》的短文，主要讲述了电影的情节和主题，因此，文章的体裁是电影介绍。故选C。
41．C 42．B 43．B 44．D 45．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国茶叶博物馆，包括其1991年在杭州开放，以茶和茶文化为主题，涵盖最佳参观季节、参观时长、开放时间、门票情况，还介绍了馆内不同展厅及其展示内容。
41．细节理解题。根据文中“Tickets: Free”可知，参观中国茶叶博物馆不需要付费。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据文中“Opening Hours: 9:00 a.m. ~ 4:30 p.m. (closed on Tuesday)” 可知，下午2:30在开放时间内可以参观。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据文中“Tea Collection Hall: More than 100 kinds of famous Chinese tea are on show. You will see how big the family of tea is.”可知，在茶叶收藏馆能看到各种茶。故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据文中“Tea Custom (风俗) Hall: You can get to know the customs of tea testing in different places, like Yunnan, Sichuan, Fujian and so on.”可知，在茶风俗厅可以了解各地品茶习俗，也就是了解中国人如何喝茶。故选D。
45．主旨大意题。文章围绕中国茶叶博物馆展开，介绍其与茶相关的展厅、文化等内容，核心是茶文化。故选A。
46．politely
【解析】句意：我们被教导在公共场合要有礼貌。括号内“polite”为形容词，需要变为副词“politely”，修饰动词behave。故填politely。
47．sights
【解析】句意：我们可以从山顶把北京的景色尽收眼底。此处表示多个景点，是复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填sights。
48．including
【解析】句意：我喜欢一切与音乐有关的东西，包括关于音乐的故事！分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为like，因此这里应用介词短语作状语；including“包括”，介词，符合语境。故填including。
49．proud
【解析】句意：莉莉得了第一名，我们为她感到骄傲。根据“are…of”以及所给词可知，考查be proud of“为……骄傲”。故填proud。
50．including
【解析】句意：有些外国人喜欢中国菜，包括饺子。横线上应是介词，对前文的补充性说明。所以将include变为including。故填including。
51．consider
【解析】句意：为什么不考虑用另一种方法做呢？也许你会成功。consider“考虑”，动词；why not do sth.“为什么不做某事”，动词用原形。故填consider。
52．interviews
【解析】句意：报纸和电视节目经常采访名人。根据中文提示，可知此处需填名词interview“采访”，又因为“famous people”，因此不止一个采访，名词需使用复数形式。故填interviews。
53．smiled
【解析】句意：我问她那天为什么对我微笑。根据中文提示可知此处需填动词smile“微笑”。又因为句子为why引导的宾语从句，时态需遵循主过从过的原则，因此smile需使用过去式。故填smiled。
54．humorous
【解析】句意：我们的化学老师是如此幽默以至于我们都很喜欢他的课。humorous“幽默的”，形容词作表语，故填humorous。
55．traffic
【解析】句意：你过马路的时候一定要小心，因为在高峰时间交通非常拥挤。根据中文提示可知，用traffic表示“交通”，不可数名词，故填traffic。
56．be proud/feel proud
【解析】对比所给中英文可知，“自鸣得意”也就是“为自己感到骄傲”，设空处为“感到骄傲”；be proud of/feel proud of…“为……感到骄傲”，是固定搭配，根据空前的不定式符号“to”可知，此处用动词原形。故填be/feel proud。
57．spread warmth
【解析】根据中英文提示，第一空缺少“传播”的表达，第二空缺少“温暖”的表达；spread传播，动词，根据“He has”可知，第一空填动词的过去分词spread，构成现在完成时结构；根据“love and”可知，第二空填入名词warmth“温暖”。故填spread；warmth。
58．guard proud
【解析】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“警卫”以及“骄傲的”；guard“警卫”，此处应用单数形式；proud“骄傲的”。故填guard；proud。
59．(very) kind of all year round
【解析】根据所给句意可知，此句用句型“It’s+形容词+of sb. to do sth.”，意为“某人是……的去做某事”，第一空表示“你真好”，应用形容词kind，第一空用“(very) kind of”；第二空表示“全年”，用短语all year round。故填(very) kind of；all year round。
60．was punished much noise
【解析】根据所给句意可知，第一空处表示“受到处罚”，应用被动语态，根据“because he made”可知，用一般过去时，其构成为“was/were done”，主语“The boy”表示单数，用was构成，惩罚“punish”，动词，第一空填was punished；第二空表示“太多噪音”，用短语too much noise。故填was punished；much noise。
61．but 62．happily 63．a 64．sees 65．times 66．me 67．feeling 68．colorful 69．more 70．to
【导语】本文主要讲述了汉服受到了我国和其他国家人们的喜爱。
61．句意：它有很大的变化，但我们仍然可以看到一些主要的功能。由“It has changed greatly,”和“we can still see some of the main features”可知，前后两句之间存丰转折关系，应用but连接。故填but。
62．句意：他们通常穿着汉服，愉快地拍照。根据空格前的“take photos”可知, 修饰动词应用副词，happy“高兴的”，形容词，其副词形式为happily。故填happily。
63．句意：汤姆，一个来自英国的年轻人，就是其中之一。根据“Tom...young man from England, is one of them.”可知，此处是第一次介绍一个年轻人Tom，表示泛指。young是辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
64．句意：在城市里，他经常在街上看到许多人穿着汉服。根据“he often...many people”可知，本句缺少谓语动词；本文使用一般现在时，本句主语是第三人称he，动词应用单三形式。故填sees。
65．句意：看了那么多次之后，汤姆真的很想试一试。根据空格前的“many”可知，空格处应使用名词复数形式，time“次数”，可数名词。故填times。
66．句意：它让我很特别，直到今天它仍然是我最喜欢的一张。根据空格前的动词“made”和待选词汇可知，空格处应使用代词的宾格形式，I“我”，主格，其宾格形式为me。故填me。
67．句意：每次穿上汉服，他都有一种回到过去的感觉。根据“he has a...of traveling backtraveling back to old times”可知，此处考查固定搭配“have a feeling of”，意为“有一种……的感觉”，feel“感受到”，动词，feeling“感觉”，名词。故填feeling。
68．句意：它打开了一个丰富多彩的中国文化世界。根据空格后的名词词组“Chinese culture”可知，空格处应用形容词来修饰；color“颜色”，名词，colorful“丰富多彩的”，形容词。故填colorful。
69．句意：现在汉服帮助他比以前更多地了解中国传统文化。根据本句中的“than before”可知，本句应使用形容词或副词的比较级，much“多地”，副词；more“更多地”，比较级。故填more。
70．句意：我迫不及待地想向世界各地的人们展示中国文化。根据“show Chinese culture...people”可知，此处考查固定搭配“show sth. to sb.”，意为“向某人展示某物”。故填to。
71．例文
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua from Hebei Province. I’m writing to ask for the chance to work as a volunteer at the summer camp.
I love talking to people and sharing stories. My English is good enough to communicate with international students. I know a lot about Chinese history and culture. For example, Chengde Mountain Resort in Hebei is a great place to visit. It has a long history and beautiful scenery. I can tell the stories behind it to the campers.
I really want to join you and help make the summer camp a success. I hope I can be part of this wonderful event.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为自荐信；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据所给的问题同时进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图（已给出）；
第二步，介绍自己的相关信息，并介绍河北的一个景点；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①communicate with和……交流
②for example例如
③be part of成为……的一部分
[高分句型]
①My English is good enough to communicate with international students.（动词不定式作结果状语）
②I hope I can be part of this wonderful event.（省略that的宾语从句）
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