（期末培优卷）期末全真模拟培优卷（含答案解析）-2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语
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| 名称 | （期末培优卷）期末全真模拟培优卷（含答案解析）-2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2025-06-03 11:38:23 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语鲁教版（五四学制）
期末全真模拟培优卷
注意事项
1. 全卷满分100分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：45分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．We live in an ________ age, so we have more chances and methods to improve ourselves.
A．instruction B．information C．introduction D．invention
2．The young man is new here and he has few friends, so sometimes he feels ________.
A．tired B．alone C．lonely D．relaxed
3．Lucy ________ her heavy coat and started to exercise as soon as she entered the warm gym.
A．cut up B．picked up C．put on D．took off
4．—I went to watch black-necked cranes (黑颈鹤) in Da Shanbao last winter.
—Wow, that must be a fantastic ________!
A．tradition B．experience C．example D．interview
5．Never be afraid of making mistakes as every experience is a great ________ during our whole life.
A．direction B．invention C．treasure D．secret
6．Our school ________ liquid soap (洗手液) for us in the washing room.
A．offers B．treats C．provides D．weighs
7．This place _________ a factory, but now it is a park.
A．used to be B．is used to be C．is used to being D．used to being
8．—What did Richard do just now
—He was not sure ________. So he went back home to check it again.
A．where was the door B．whether the door was closed C．how to close the door D．whether was the door closed
9．My dad is strict ________ me and when I do well in a test, he seems to be proud ________ me.
A．with; in B．from; of C．with; of D．of; from
10．—________ do you wear, Kangkang
—Size M.
A．What color B．What size C．How size D．How far
11．—The evening party was a great ________. Everyone had a good time at the party.
—Yes, that’s true.
A．success B．choice C．decision D．purpose
12．—The food looks ________ and smells ________.
—Yes, I just can’t wait to have a taste!
A．well; nice B．delicious; good C．nicely; well D．good; nicely
13．—Look! The snow is getting heavier and heavier.
—The children must be happy, but it can ________ traffic accidents easily.
A．avoid B．cause C．push D．search
14．—Mum, may I watch TV for a while
—As soon as your homework ________, you can.
A．finishes B．is finished C．will finish D．will be finished
15．—I always feel ________ before big exams.
—Don’t be worried as long as you prepare for them.
A．warm B．relaxed C．nervous D．comfortable
二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
Every week, Brad’s parents gave him $12. It was not a 16 . Brad actually made that money by himself. Each day, Brad took out the rubbish, did the dishes and walked the family dog.
The problem was that Brad’s money disappeared (消失) just as 17 as he made it. 18 Brad always bought many toys. When he wanted to go to the movies with friends, he couldn’t 19 a ticket. The money seemed to burn a 20 in his pocket.
One day, Brad’s mum said to him,“You should 21 a budget (预算). ”
“ 22 is that ”asked Brad.
“It’s a plan of how your money will be spent. You divide (分散) the money into parts for 23 kinds of things, like toys and snacks. You spend only as much as your budget allows. That way you can be sure to spend money 24 different things,” said his dad.
“Sounds great,” said Brad. “Can you 25 me make one ”
That night, Brad 26 to make a budget with his parents. They divided the 27 into several parts for snacks, toys, movies and books. There were also two 28 parts, one for helping others and the other for Brad’s savings (存款).
Later, Brad always had 29 money. At the end of that year, he 30 $ 80 to old people’s home. Helping people in need makes Brad feel good.
16．A．right B．task C．gift D．success
17．A．clearly B．quickly C．politely D．carefully
18．A．But B．So C．And D．Because
19．A．expect B．afford C．achieve D．spread
20．A．hole B．rope C．tool D．pipe
21．A．treat B．push C．avoid D．make
22．A．What B．When C．How D．Why
23．A．close B．public C．different D．meaningful
24．A．at B．for C．on D．about
25．A．organize B．help C．warn D．train
26．A．sat down B．wrote down C．broke down D．cut down
27．A．prize B．money C．subject D．programme
28．A．tiny B．basic C．hard D．special
29．A．enough B．rare C．total D．similar
30．A．set B．held C．donated D．explained
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
（A）
In China, December of the lunar calendar (农历) is called the La month, the start of the Spring Festival.
On this day, people eat a special hot rice porridge —Laba Zhou. On the night before the festival, people will begin to cook the porridge and make a lot of preparations. However, it is a dessert (甜品) with sugar. In the South, it is a kind of salty porridge with vegetables and meat.
There is an interesting story about Laba Zhou. A man threw away a lot of food. People around him felt it was such a waste, so they collected the food that he threw away, such as beans and rice. At the end of the year, the man learned a meaningful lesson.
And there is one more traditional food on the Laba Festival—Laba Garlic (大蒜). People will peel garlic and put it in the vinegar (醋). Day after day, people can taste the garlic while eating dumplings!
31．Laba Festival is the __________.
A．ending of the spring
B．beginning of the spring
C．ending of the Spring Festival
D．beginning of the Spring Festival
32．What does the underline word “it” in paragraph 2 refer (指代) to
A．The rice. B．The vegetable.
C．The porridge. D．The dumpling.
33．What would the man probably do after learning the lesson
A．Save food. B．Peel garlic.
C．Eat Laba Zhou. D．Learn to cook.
34．According to the text, what makes garlic taste special
A．Vinegar. B．Salt. C．Sugar. D．Water.
35．In which part of a magazine can we read this text
A．Science. B．Culture. C．Art. D．Sports.
（B）
I like music because I think there is nothing more relaxing than listening to or playing music. One day, I went to my parents’ house to visit them. While my mother was cooking some food in the kitchen, my father and I were waiting. Later I went into my father’s room with him and he took out his guitar and started playing a slow song. Then I took out a violin and shared playing along with him. Slowly, I became lost into the music.
My father and I played like that for about 15 minutes. And when I turned around, my mother was standing there listening. I didn’t even realize she was there while I was playing. That was one of the few times that I was “truly” lost in the music. The funniest when I played with my father was that I wasn’t good at the violin. I was new at the instrument (乐器), but it was a slow song and my ability (能力) didn’t matter. That is what music is all about.
Now many people are too focused on being good at their instruments, or making lots of money with them, but not focused on the music. Although my job is playing the piano, I never really want to use it to make money. I play because it brings me great happiness, and I love everything about it.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
36．How does the writer feel while listening to music
A．Sad. B．Relaxed. C．Excited.
37．What was the writer’s mother doing when he was playing the music with his father
A．She was playing music with them.
B．She was cooking in the kitchen.
C．She was standing there and listening.
38．What do the underlined words “focused on” mean in Chinese
A．关注 B．浪费 C．疏忽
39．What does the writer most probably do
A．Musician. B．A sports player. C．Scientist.
40．What is this passage mainly about
A．My dream job. B．Why I like music. C．One day with my parents.
（C）
If you are feeling angry, sad or lonely, you might reach for a snack. But imagine there is a vending (售卖的) machine nearby. You tell it how you are feeling and it gives you something that may help you feel better. Doesn’t that sound like a cool idea
There is actually a vending machine like this in Sydney, Australia. It has no potato chips or chocolate bars. What you will find inside are things like maps, notes and the pencils to help you vent your terrible feelings, for example, you can tell the machine your sadness.
Two Australian artists designed the machine. Each item inside costs two Australian dollars (about 10 yuan). The items come in packets that have different labels like “friendship”, “bravery” and “imagination”. you can choose the one that most suits your feelings.
For example, in the “friendship” packet, there is a piece of paper that lists 10 daily activities you can use to keep in touch with old friends. That “imagination” packet has a pencil and asks you to draw a series of unusual things. Will you turn to vending machines to cheer yourself up
41．From the first paragraph, people often want to do when they are angry, sad or lonely
A．Watch movies. B．Draw pictures. C．Listen to music. D．Reach for a snack.
42．What does the underlined word “vent” mean in the passage
A．Do something to learn, B．Do something to show something.
C．Do something to choose. D．Do something to understand.
43．What might people find in the vending machine
A．Potato chips B．Chocolate C．Activities. D．Toys
44．What might you be asked to do in the “friendship” packet
A．Draw a laughing dog. B．Call you friends on weekend.
C．Go to watch a comedy. D．Say sorry to your friends.
45．Where can we read the article
A．In a magazine about feelings. B．In a world map book.
C．In a music book. D．In a book about geography.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：55分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．Tom has many hobbies, (include) running and hiking.
47．As a (direct), Jerry always tries his best to tell the actors how to act.
48．His photo was printed in all the (nation) newspapers.
49．Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will (punish).
50．As we all know, the elderly should be spoken to (polite).
51．How (骄傲的) we Chinese are! Chinese is taught in many different countries all over the world.
52．Nowadays, technology has become an important part of our (每天的；日常的) life.
53．— I don’t know (是否) or not you can help me with my English today
— Sure. I’ll be free all day long.
54．If you break traffic rules, you will be (惩罚) by the police.
55．Natural resources are important for us. And we should use them (明智地).
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．在你的作业中尽量避免犯拼写错误。
Try to making spelling mistakes in your homework.
57．一个城市的中心区域总是热闹非凡。
The of a city is always lively.
58．我们参观了一座有着高塔的古代宫殿。
We visited an ancient palace with a tall .
59．这部动画片在国内外赢得了许多奖项，真是太精彩了！
This cartoon has won many awards at home and abroad. it is!
60．中国最著名的动画片之一《大闹天宫》是由万氏兄弟在20世纪60年代创作的。
One of the most famous cartoons in China, Havoc in Heaven, in the 1960s by the Wan brothers.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
The English Channel (英吉利海峡) is known as the “Qomolangma of the swimming world”. And crossing the English Channel is one of the world’s most famous swimming challenges.
Huang Zhongda, Xie Derong, Zhao Jing and Xiang Qingiang are our winter swimming 61 (lover). On August 4, 2023, the team 62 (successful) swam across the English Channel in 11 hours and 54 minutes. Of all the routes (路线), they chose to swim the 63 (short ) route. It was 33.8 km from Dover in the UK to Cap Gris Nez in France. The four swam over 50 km in order to avoid (避开) strong currents (激流). 64 the journey, each team member swam for at least an hour before taking turns (轮流) until they 65 (reach) France.
Xie said, although the journey went well for the most part, the final 6 km turned out to be 66 huge test of their endurance (耐力). The strong currents made them 67 (swim) more slowly. 68 the whole journey was full of difficulties, they just succeeded!
The idea of crossing the English Channel first came to the team in 2019. They started their 69 (train) several weeks before the swim in the Shanxi Reservoir (水库) in Wencheng county. That was because 70 (it) water temperature was similar to that of the English Channel.
The team members were very happy and were proud of themselves.
七、材料作文（本大题共20分）
71．拥有健康的身体和愉悦的心情能够让我们快乐地生活和学习。为倡导“健康生活、快乐学习”的理念，你的班级将召开一次以“How to have a healthy and happy life ”为主题的班会。请你用英文写一篇演讲稿。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
写作要点：
1. 健康和快乐的重要性；
2. 如何拥有健康快乐的生活（饮食、运动、与人相处等）；
3. 发出倡导，提出希望。
写作要求：
1. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名；
3. 80~100词。
Hello, everyone. I’m glad to be here and give you a speech. My topic is How to have a healthy and happy life
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B
【解析】句意：我们生活在一个信息时代，所以我们有更多的机会和方法来提高自己。
考查名词辨析。instruction指导；information信息；introduction介绍；invention发明。根据“so we have more chances and methods to improve ourselves.”可知，此处指的是“信息时代”。故选B。
2．C
【解析】句意：这个年轻人是新来的，几乎没有朋友，所以他有时候感到孤独。
考查形容词词义辨析。tired累的；alone单独的；lonely孤独的；relaxed轻松的。根据“The young man is new here and he has few friends”可知，他几乎没有朋友，所以感到孤独，此处含有感彩用lonely。故选C。
3．D
【解析】句意：露西一走进温暖的健身房，就脱下厚外套开始锻炼。
考查动词短语。cut up切碎；picked up捡起；put on穿上；took off脱掉。根据“her heavy coat and started to exercise as soon as she entered the warm gym.”可知，是脱下外套开始锻炼，故选D。
4．B
【解析】句意：——去年冬天我去大山堡看黑颈鹤。——哇，那一定是一次很棒的经历！
考查名词辨析。tradition传统；experience经历；example例子；interview采访。根据“I went to watch black-necked cranes (黑颈鹤) in Da Shanbao last winter.”可知，这是一次很棒的经历，故选B。
5．C
【解析】句意：永远不要害怕犯错，因为每一次经历都是我们一生中的宝贵财富。
考查名词辨析。direction方向；invention发明；treasure财富；secret秘密。根据“Never be afraid of making mistakes as every experience is a great…during our whole life.”可知，空处指的是财富，名词treasure“财富”符合语境。故选C。
6．C
【解析】句意：我们学校在洗手间为我们提供洗手液。
考查动词辨析。offers提供；treats对待；provides提供；weighs称重。根据短语provide sth. for sb.“为某人提供某物”可知，空格处应选动词provides。故选C。
7．A
【解析】句意：这个地方过去是个工厂，但现在是一个公园。
考查动词辨析。used to be...过去是……；is used to be被用作；be used to being习惯于做某事；used to being错误表达。根据“but now it is a park”中的now可知，空格句说的是这个地方过去是工厂，用used to be。故选A。
8．B
【解析】句意：——理查德刚才做什么了？——他不确定们是否关上了。所以他回家又检查了一下。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AD两项。根据“So he went back home to check it again.”可知，他回家去检查，应是不确定门是否关上了，故选B。
9．C
【解析】句意：我爸爸对我很严格。当我考试考得好时，他似乎为我感到骄傲。
考查介词辨析和固定搭配。with和；in在……里；from从；of属于……的。第一空根据“My dad is very strict...me.”可知，这里是固定词组，be strict with sb.“对某人要求严格”，此处表示爸爸“对我很严格”，因此第一空是with；第二空根据“he seems to be very proud...me.”可知，这里是固定词组be proud of sb.“为某人感到骄傲”，因此第二空是of。故选C。
10．B
【解析】句意：——康康，你穿多大尺寸？——M码。
考查特殊疑问句。What color什么颜色；What size什么尺寸；How size表达不正确；How far多远。根据“Size M.”可知，此处对尺寸大小提问，用疑问词what size，故选B。
11．A
【解析】句意：——这次晚会是非常成功的。每个人在晚会上都玩得非常高兴。——是的，那是真的。
考查名词。success成功；choice选择；decision决定；purpose目的。根据“Everyone had a good time at the party.”可知，每个人在晚会上都玩得非常高兴，因此这次晚会很成功，故选A。
12．B
【解析】句意：——那些食物看起来很美味，闻起来很香。——是的，我都迫不及待想尝一下了！
考查形容词作表语。well健康的，形容词，好地，副词；delicious美味的，形容词；nicely很好地，漂亮地，副词；good好的，形容词；nice好的，漂亮的，形容词。look和smell都是感官动词，其后接形容词作表语，排除C和D；look意为“看起来”，其后接delicious表示“看起来很美味”，smell good“闻起来很香”。故选B。
13．B
【解析】句意：——看！雪越来越大了。 ——孩子们一定很高兴，但这很容易引起交通事故。
考查动词词义辨析。avoid避免；cause造成；push推；search搜索。根据“traffic accidents”可知，引起交通事故，故选B。
14．B
【解析】句意：——妈妈，我可以看一会电视吗？——你一做完作业就可以了。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。finishes完成，动词三单形式；is finished被完成，被动语态；will finish将会完成；will be finished将被完成。根据“As soon as all your homework…”可知homework是finish的承受者，使用被动语态，且homework是不可数名词；as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。故选B。
15．C
【解析】句意：——大考前我总是很紧张。 ——只要你准备好了就不用担心。
考查形容词词义辨析。warm温暖的；relaxed放松的；nervous紧张不安的；comfortable舒服的。根据“Don’t be worried”可知，考前紧张，故选C。
16．C 17．B 18．D 19．B 20．A 21．D 22．A 23．C 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文讲述了布拉德每周通过做家务赚取零花钱，起初他花钱跟赚钱一样快；后来在父母的帮助下，他学会了做预算；第一年他将存下来的80美元捐给了养老院，帮助他人让他自己也很高兴。
16．句意：它不是一份礼物。
right权利；task任务；gift礼物；success成功。根据下文“Brad actually made that money by himself.”可知，此处是指每周12美元不是父母给他的礼物。故选C。
17．句意：问题是，布拉德的钱赚得快，花得也快。
clearly清楚地；quickly快地；politely礼貌地；carefully仔细地。根据下文“Brad always bought many toys. When he wanted to go to the movies with friends, he couldn’t … a ticket. The money seemed to burn a …in his pocket.”可知，此处是指他的钱很快就花完了。故选B。
18．句意：因为布拉德总是买很多玩具。
But但是；So所以；And而且；Because因为。根据上文“The problem was that Brad’s money disappeared just as … as he made it.”可知，此处是指钱消失的原因。故选D。
19．句意：当他想和朋友去看电影时，他买不起票。
expect期待；afford负担得起；achieve实现；spread传播。根据上文“The problem was that Brad’s money disappeared”可知，此处是指他没有钱买电影票。故选B。
20．句意：这笔钱似乎在他的口袋里烧了个洞。
hole洞；rope绳子；tool工具；pipe管道。根据上文“The problem was that Brad’s money disappeared”可知，他的钱很快就花完了，口袋似乎烧了个洞。故选A。
21．句意：一天，布拉德的妈妈对他说：“你应该做一个预算。”
treat对待；push推；avoid避免；make制作。根据下文“Can you … me make one ”可知，此处是指做一个预算。故选D。
22．句意：“那是什么 ”布拉德问。
What什么；When什么时候；How怎样；Why为什么。根据下文“It’s a plan of how your money will be spent.”可知，此处是询问那个是什么。故选A。
23．句意：你把钱分成不同的部分来买不同的东西，比如玩具和零食。
close接近的；public公共的；different不同的；meaningful有意义的。根据下文“like toys and snacks”可知，此处是指不同种类的物品。故选C。
24．句意：“这样你就可以把钱花在不同的东西上，”他爸爸说。
at在；for为了；on在……上；about关于。根据空前“spend money”可知，此处考查spend money on sth.“花钱在……上”，固定搭配。故选C。
25．句意：你们能帮我做一个吗？
organize组织；help帮助；warn警告；train训练。根据下文“make a budget with his parents”可知，此处是布拉德请求父母帮他制定一个预算。故选B。
26．句意：那天晚上，布拉德和父母坐下来做预算。
sat down坐下；wrote down写下；broke down分解；cut down砍倒。结合句意和备选词汇可知，此处是指他与父母坐下来一起做预算。故选A。
27．句意：他们把钱分成几部分，分别用来买零食、玩具、电影和书籍。
prize奖品；money金钱；subject学科；programme节目。根据上文“That way you can be sure to spend money … different things,”可知，此处是指把钱分成了几个部分。故选B。
28．句意：还有两个特别的部分，一个是帮助别人，另一个是布拉德的积蓄。
tiny微小的；basic基本的；hard困难的；special特殊的。根据下文“one for helping others and the other for Brad’s savings”可知，此处指有两个特殊的部分。故选D。
29．句意：后来，布拉德总是有足够的钱。
enough足够的；rare稀少的；total总共的；similar相似的。根据下文“$ 80 to old people’s home”可知，此处指自从做了预算后，布拉德的钱是足够的，年底还有80美元的存款。故选A。
30．句意：那年年底，他给敬老院捐了80美元。
set设立；held举办；donated捐赠；explained解释。根据下文“Helping people in need makes Brad feel good.”可知，此处指他把节省下来的80美元捐赠给敬老院。故选C。
31．D 32．C 33．A 34．A 35．B
【导语】本文介绍了中国的腊八节及其传统食物腊八粥和腊八蒜。
31．细节理解题。根据“In China, December of the lunar calendar (农历) is called the La month, the start of the Spring Festival.”可知，腊八节是春节的开始。故选D。
32．词义猜测题。根据“On this day, people eat a special hot rice porridge —Laba Zhou.”可知，it指代的是腊八粥。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据“At the end of the year, the man learned a meaningful lesson.”可知，这个人学到了一个有意义的教训。结合前文“People around him felt it was such a waste, so they collected the food that he threw away, such as beans and rice.”可推测出，这个人学到的教训是要节约粮食。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据“People will peel garlic and put it in the vinegar (醋).”可知，腊八蒜的特别味道来自于醋。故选A。
35．推理判断题。本文介绍了中国的传统节日腊八节及其传统食物，属于文化范畴。故选B。
36．B 37．C 38．A 39．A 40．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者喜欢音乐的原因，因为音乐能令人放松，也能带来快乐。
36．细节理解题。根据“I like music because I think there is nothing more relaxing than listening to or playing music.”可知，听音乐的时候作者感到很放松。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“My father and I played like that for about 15 minutes. And when I turned around, my mother was standing there listening.”可知，我”和父亲演奏时，母亲正站在那听。故选C。
38．词义猜测题。根据“Now many people are too focused on being good at their instruments, or making lots of money with them, but not focused on the music.”可知，现在很多人只关注精通乐器或用它们赚钱，而不关注音乐本身，因此划线短语的含义为“关注”。故选A。
39．推理判断题。根据“Although my job is playing the piano, I never really want to use it to make money.”可知，作者的工作和音乐相关，因此可能作者是一位音乐家。故选A。
40．主旨大意题。通读全文以及“I play because it brings me great happiness, and I love everything about it.”可知，本文主要介绍了作者喜欢音乐的原因。故选B。
41．D 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．A
【导语】本文介绍了在澳大利亚悉尼有一台自动售货机，你告诉它你的感受，它会给你一些可能会让你感觉更好的东西。
41．细节理解题。根据“If you are feeling angry, sad or lonely, you might reach for a snack.”可知，当人们感到愤怒、悲伤或孤独时，他们可能会去吃零食。故选D。
42．词义猜测题。根据“you can tell the machine your sadness”可知，把你的悲伤告诉这个机器，因此表示发泄你的糟糕感受，故选B。
43．推理判断题。根“For example, in the ‘friendship’ packet, there is a piece of paper that lists 10 daily activities you can use to keep in touch with old friends.”可知，例如，在“友谊”包里，有一张纸，上面列出了10项你可以用来与老朋友保持联系的日常活动。因此人们可能在自动售货机上发现一些活动，故选C。
44．推理判断题。根据“For example, in the ‘friendship’ packet, there is a piece of paper that lists 10 daily activities you can use to keep in touch with old friends.”可知，在“友谊”包里，有一张纸，上面列出了10项你可以用来与老朋友保持联系的日常活动。C项“在周末给朋友打电话”符合语境，故选B。
45．推理判断题。根据“But imagine there is a vending (售卖的) machine nearby. You tell it how you are feeling and it gives you something that may help you feel better.”可知，他告诉一台自动售货机你的感受，它会给你一些可能会让你感觉更好的东西。此处本文可能在一本关于感情的杂志上看到。故选A。
46．including
【解析】句意：汤姆有许多爱好，包括跑步和徒步旅行。分析题干可知，空格处在句中作状语，表示补充说明，结合提示词可知，空格处应填介词including“包括”。故填including。
47．director
【解析】句意：作为一名导演，杰里总是尽力告诉演员如何表演。结合所给单词和题干可知，空格处应用名词director“导演”，a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填director。
48．national
【解析】句意：他的照片刊登在所有的全国性报纸上。此处用形容词修饰名词newspapers，national意为“全国的”，形容词作定语。故填national。
49．be punished
【解析】句意：每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚。根据“Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will…”可知，此处指每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚；主语“you”与动词“punish”之间为动宾关系，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”，空前为will，空处应填be punished。故填be punished。
50．politely
【解析】句意：众所周知，对老年人说话应该有礼貌。此处指“礼貌地和老人说话”，修饰动词用副词politely“礼貌地”。故填politely。
51．proud
【解析】句意：我们中国人是多么骄傲啊！世界上许多不同的国家都教授汉语。根据中文提示，proud “骄傲的” 符合语境，构成how引导的感叹句，其结构为 “how+形容词+主谓”。故填proud。
52．daily/everyday
【解析】句意：如今，科技已经成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分。daily/everyday“每天的；日常的”，形容词作定语。故填daily/everyday。
53．whether
【解析】句意：——我不知道你今天能不能帮我学英语 ——当然可以。我一整天都有空。根据中文提示可知，该题考查“是否”的英文，whether/if意为“是否”，又因句子中有or not，只能用whether，故填whether。
54．punished
【解析】句意：如果你违反交通规则，你将受到警察的处罚。punish“惩罚”，是动词，主语you与谓语punish之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，此处是一般将来时的被动形式will be done，故填punished。
55．wisely
【解析】句意：自然资源对我们来说很重要。我们应该明智地使用它们。wisely“明智地”，副词，作状语。故填wisely。
56．avoid
【解析】根据中文提示可知，此处需要填“避免”，即avoid；又根据“Try to”可知，此处填动词原形。故填avoid。
57．central part / area
【解析】结合句意和语境可知，第一空要填入的是表示“中心”的形容词，作定语，“central”符合语境；第二空需要填入的是表示“区域”的名词，“part”和“area”符合语境，动词为“is”，说明主语是单数。故填①central ②part/area。
58．tower
【解析】分析句子结构可知，“a tall”后面应接单数名词，根据汉语句意可知，空格处表示“塔”，用tower表示。故填tower。
59．How wonderful
【解析】根据中英文对照，可知此处是感叹句型How+adj.+主语+谓语！，形容词wonderful“精彩的”。故填How；wonderful。
60．was created
【解析】根据中英文对照，可知此处需填“被创作”，动词create“创作”，被动结构为be done，根据“in the 1960s ”可知句子需使用一般过去时，主语是单数，因此be动词使用was。故填was；created。
61．lovers 62．successfully 63．shortest 64．During 65．reached 66．a 67．swim 68．Although/Though 69．training 70．its
【导语】文章主要讲述了2023年8月四位冬泳爱好者成功地接力横渡了被称为“泳界珠峰”的英吉利海峡。
61．句意：黄忠达、谢德荣、赵静和项庆强是我们的冬泳爱好者。根据“Huang Zhongda, Xie Derong, Zhao Jing and Xiang Qingiang”可知此处指四名冬泳爱好者，因此需填lover“爱好者”的复数形式。故填lovers。
62．句意：2023年8月4日，该团队在11小时54分钟内成功游过英吉利海峡。根据“swam across the English”可知此处需填successful“成功的”的副词形式来修饰动词。故填successfully。
63．句意：在所有路线中，他们选择了游最短的路线。根据“Of all the routes (路线)”可知此处需填形容词short“短的”的最高级。故填shortest。
64．句意：在旅途中，每个队员至少游了一个小时，然后轮流游泳，直到到达法国。根据“...the journey, each team member swam for at least an hour before taking turns (轮流)...”可知此处需填介词during“在……期间”，表示在旅途中，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填During
65．句意：在旅途中，每个队员至少游了一个小时，然后轮流游泳，直到到达法国。根据“swam”可知此处是一般过去时，动词reach“到达”需使用过去式。故填reached。
66．句意：谢说，虽然旅程在很大程度上进展顺利，但最后6公里对他们的耐力来说是一个巨大的考验。根据“...the final 6 km turned out to be...huge test”可知此处表示泛指，一个巨大的考验，test“考验”是可数名词单数，且huge是辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a。故填a。
67．句意：湍急的水流使他们游得更慢了。动词短语make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，因此此处需填动词swim“游泳”的原形。故填swim。
68．句意：虽然整个旅程充满了困难，但他们还是成功了！根据“...he whole journey was full of difficulties, they just succeeded!”可知前后句为转折关系，表示虽然整个旅程充满了困难，但他们还是成功了，因此需填连词although/though“虽然，即使”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Although/Though。
69．句意：他们在文成县山西水库游泳前几周开始训练。根据“their”可知此处需填动词train“训练”的名词形式training“训练”。故填training。
70．句意：这是因为它的水温与英吉利海峡的水温相似。根据“water temperature”可知此处需填it“它”的形容词性物主代词its“它的”修饰名词。故填its。
71． Hello, everyone. I’m glad to be here and give you a speech. My topic is How to have a healthy and happy life.
With the improvement of living conditions, we are paying more and more attention to our health, which includes both physical and mental health. Then how can we live a healthy and happy life
Firstly, we should keep our bodies healthy. Not only do we need to eat healthy food, but we also need to exercise in a proper way every day. For example, we can run for 30 minutes every morning.
Secondly, mental health is also very important. We need to get along well with others as well. When we’re sad, we can communicate with our parents, teachers and friends frankly.
In a word, I hope everyone can have a healthy body and mind, and then we can have a healthy and happy life every day.
That’s all. Thank you!
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题，表明健康和快乐的重要性；
第二步，介绍拥有健康快乐的生活的方式方法；
第三步，发出倡导，提出希望并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①paying more and more attention to越来越重视
②include包括
③not only…but also不仅……而且
④proper适当的
⑤get along well with…与……相处融洽
⑥communicate with sb.与某人沟通
[高分句型]
With the improvement of living conditions, we are paying more and more attention to our health, which includes both physical and mental health. (which引导非限制性定语从句)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语鲁教版（五四学制）
期末全真模拟培优卷
注意事项
1. 全卷满分100分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：45分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．We live in an ________ age, so we have more chances and methods to improve ourselves.
A．instruction B．information C．introduction D．invention
2．The young man is new here and he has few friends, so sometimes he feels ________.
A．tired B．alone C．lonely D．relaxed
3．Lucy ________ her heavy coat and started to exercise as soon as she entered the warm gym.
A．cut up B．picked up C．put on D．took off
4．—I went to watch black-necked cranes (黑颈鹤) in Da Shanbao last winter.
—Wow, that must be a fantastic ________!
A．tradition B．experience C．example D．interview
5．Never be afraid of making mistakes as every experience is a great ________ during our whole life.
A．direction B．invention C．treasure D．secret
6．Our school ________ liquid soap (洗手液) for us in the washing room.
A．offers B．treats C．provides D．weighs
7．This place _________ a factory, but now it is a park.
A．used to be B．is used to be C．is used to being D．used to being
8．—What did Richard do just now
—He was not sure ________. So he went back home to check it again.
A．where was the door B．whether the door was closed C．how to close the door D．whether was the door closed
9．My dad is strict ________ me and when I do well in a test, he seems to be proud ________ me.
A．with; in B．from; of C．with; of D．of; from
10．—________ do you wear, Kangkang
—Size M.
A．What color B．What size C．How size D．How far
11．—The evening party was a great ________. Everyone had a good time at the party.
—Yes, that’s true.
A．success B．choice C．decision D．purpose
12．—The food looks ________ and smells ________.
—Yes, I just can’t wait to have a taste!
A．well; nice B．delicious; good C．nicely; well D．good; nicely
13．—Look! The snow is getting heavier and heavier.
—The children must be happy, but it can ________ traffic accidents easily.
A．avoid B．cause C．push D．search
14．—Mum, may I watch TV for a while
—As soon as your homework ________, you can.
A．finishes B．is finished C．will finish D．will be finished
15．—I always feel ________ before big exams.
—Don’t be worried as long as you prepare for them.
A．warm B．relaxed C．nervous D．comfortable
二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
Every week, Brad’s parents gave him $12. It was not a 16 . Brad actually made that money by himself. Each day, Brad took out the rubbish, did the dishes and walked the family dog.
The problem was that Brad’s money disappeared (消失) just as 17 as he made it. 18 Brad always bought many toys. When he wanted to go to the movies with friends, he couldn’t 19 a ticket. The money seemed to burn a 20 in his pocket.
One day, Brad’s mum said to him,“You should 21 a budget (预算). ”
“ 22 is that ”asked Brad.
“It’s a plan of how your money will be spent. You divide (分散) the money into parts for 23 kinds of things, like toys and snacks. You spend only as much as your budget allows. That way you can be sure to spend money 24 different things,” said his dad.
“Sounds great,” said Brad. “Can you 25 me make one ”
That night, Brad 26 to make a budget with his parents. They divided the 27 into several parts for snacks, toys, movies and books. There were also two 28 parts, one for helping others and the other for Brad’s savings (存款).
Later, Brad always had 29 money. At the end of that year, he 30 $ 80 to old people’s home. Helping people in need makes Brad feel good.
16．A．right B．task C．gift D．success
17．A．clearly B．quickly C．politely D．carefully
18．A．But B．So C．And D．Because
19．A．expect B．afford C．achieve D．spread
20．A．hole B．rope C．tool D．pipe
21．A．treat B．push C．avoid D．make
22．A．What B．When C．How D．Why
23．A．close B．public C．different D．meaningful
24．A．at B．for C．on D．about
25．A．organize B．help C．warn D．train
26．A．sat down B．wrote down C．broke down D．cut down
27．A．prize B．money C．subject D．programme
28．A．tiny B．basic C．hard D．special
29．A．enough B．rare C．total D．similar
30．A．set B．held C．donated D．explained
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
（A）
In China, December of the lunar calendar (农历) is called the La month, the start of the Spring Festival.
On this day, people eat a special hot rice porridge —Laba Zhou. On the night before the festival, people will begin to cook the porridge and make a lot of preparations. However, it is a dessert (甜品) with sugar. In the South, it is a kind of salty porridge with vegetables and meat.
There is an interesting story about Laba Zhou. A man threw away a lot of food. People around him felt it was such a waste, so they collected the food that he threw away, such as beans and rice. At the end of the year, the man learned a meaningful lesson.
And there is one more traditional food on the Laba Festival—Laba Garlic (大蒜). People will peel garlic and put it in the vinegar (醋). Day after day, people can taste the garlic while eating dumplings!
31．Laba Festival is the __________.
A．ending of the spring
B．beginning of the spring
C．ending of the Spring Festival
D．beginning of the Spring Festival
32．What does the underline word “it” in paragraph 2 refer (指代) to
A．The rice. B．The vegetable.
C．The porridge. D．The dumpling.
33．What would the man probably do after learning the lesson
A．Save food. B．Peel garlic.
C．Eat Laba Zhou. D．Learn to cook.
34．According to the text, what makes garlic taste special
A．Vinegar. B．Salt. C．Sugar. D．Water.
35．In which part of a magazine can we read this text
A．Science. B．Culture. C．Art. D．Sports.
（B）
I like music because I think there is nothing more relaxing than listening to or playing music. One day, I went to my parents’ house to visit them. While my mother was cooking some food in the kitchen, my father and I were waiting. Later I went into my father’s room with him and he took out his guitar and started playing a slow song. Then I took out a violin and shared playing along with him. Slowly, I became lost into the music.
My father and I played like that for about 15 minutes. And when I turned around, my mother was standing there listening. I didn’t even realize she was there while I was playing. That was one of the few times that I was “truly” lost in the music. The funniest when I played with my father was that I wasn’t good at the violin. I was new at the instrument (乐器), but it was a slow song and my ability (能力) didn’t matter. That is what music is all about.
Now many people are too focused on being good at their instruments, or making lots of money with them, but not focused on the music. Although my job is playing the piano, I never really want to use it to make money. I play because it brings me great happiness, and I love everything about it.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
36．How does the writer feel while listening to music
A．Sad. B．Relaxed. C．Excited.
37．What was the writer’s mother doing when he was playing the music with his father
A．She was playing music with them.
B．She was cooking in the kitchen.
C．She was standing there and listening.
38．What do the underlined words “focused on” mean in Chinese
A．关注 B．浪费 C．疏忽
39．What does the writer most probably do
A．Musician. B．A sports player. C．Scientist.
40．What is this passage mainly about
A．My dream job. B．Why I like music. C．One day with my parents.
（C）
If you are feeling angry, sad or lonely, you might reach for a snack. But imagine there is a vending (售卖的) machine nearby. You tell it how you are feeling and it gives you something that may help you feel better. Doesn’t that sound like a cool idea
There is actually a vending machine like this in Sydney, Australia. It has no potato chips or chocolate bars. What you will find inside are things like maps, notes and the pencils to help you vent your terrible feelings, for example, you can tell the machine your sadness.
Two Australian artists designed the machine. Each item inside costs two Australian dollars (about 10 yuan). The items come in packets that have different labels like “friendship”, “bravery” and “imagination”. you can choose the one that most suits your feelings.
For example, in the “friendship” packet, there is a piece of paper that lists 10 daily activities you can use to keep in touch with old friends. That “imagination” packet has a pencil and asks you to draw a series of unusual things. Will you turn to vending machines to cheer yourself up
41．From the first paragraph, people often want to do when they are angry, sad or lonely
A．Watch movies. B．Draw pictures. C．Listen to music. D．Reach for a snack.
42．What does the underlined word “vent” mean in the passage
A．Do something to learn, B．Do something to show something.
C．Do something to choose. D．Do something to understand.
43．What might people find in the vending machine
A．Potato chips B．Chocolate C．Activities. D．Toys
44．What might you be asked to do in the “friendship” packet
A．Draw a laughing dog. B．Call you friends on weekend.
C．Go to watch a comedy. D．Say sorry to your friends.
45．Where can we read the article
A．In a magazine about feelings. B．In a world map book.
C．In a music book. D．In a book about geography.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：55分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．Tom has many hobbies, (include) running and hiking.
47．As a (direct), Jerry always tries his best to tell the actors how to act.
48．His photo was printed in all the (nation) newspapers.
49．Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will (punish).
50．As we all know, the elderly should be spoken to (polite).
51．How (骄傲的) we Chinese are! Chinese is taught in many different countries all over the world.
52．Nowadays, technology has become an important part of our (每天的；日常的) life.
53．— I don’t know (是否) or not you can help me with my English today
— Sure. I’ll be free all day long.
54．If you break traffic rules, you will be (惩罚) by the police.
55．Natural resources are important for us. And we should use them (明智地).
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．在你的作业中尽量避免犯拼写错误。
Try to making spelling mistakes in your homework.
57．一个城市的中心区域总是热闹非凡。
The of a city is always lively.
58．我们参观了一座有着高塔的古代宫殿。
We visited an ancient palace with a tall .
59．这部动画片在国内外赢得了许多奖项，真是太精彩了！
This cartoon has won many awards at home and abroad. it is!
60．中国最著名的动画片之一《大闹天宫》是由万氏兄弟在20世纪60年代创作的。
One of the most famous cartoons in China, Havoc in Heaven, in the 1960s by the Wan brothers.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
The English Channel (英吉利海峡) is known as the “Qomolangma of the swimming world”. And crossing the English Channel is one of the world’s most famous swimming challenges.
Huang Zhongda, Xie Derong, Zhao Jing and Xiang Qingiang are our winter swimming 61 (lover). On August 4, 2023, the team 62 (successful) swam across the English Channel in 11 hours and 54 minutes. Of all the routes (路线), they chose to swim the 63 (short ) route. It was 33.8 km from Dover in the UK to Cap Gris Nez in France. The four swam over 50 km in order to avoid (避开) strong currents (激流). 64 the journey, each team member swam for at least an hour before taking turns (轮流) until they 65 (reach) France.
Xie said, although the journey went well for the most part, the final 6 km turned out to be 66 huge test of their endurance (耐力). The strong currents made them 67 (swim) more slowly. 68 the whole journey was full of difficulties, they just succeeded!
The idea of crossing the English Channel first came to the team in 2019. They started their 69 (train) several weeks before the swim in the Shanxi Reservoir (水库) in Wencheng county. That was because 70 (it) water temperature was similar to that of the English Channel.
The team members were very happy and were proud of themselves.
七、材料作文（本大题共20分）
71．拥有健康的身体和愉悦的心情能够让我们快乐地生活和学习。为倡导“健康生活、快乐学习”的理念，你的班级将召开一次以“How to have a healthy and happy life ”为主题的班会。请你用英文写一篇演讲稿。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
写作要点：
1. 健康和快乐的重要性；
2. 如何拥有健康快乐的生活（饮食、运动、与人相处等）；
3. 发出倡导，提出希望。
写作要求：
1. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名；
3. 80~100词。
Hello, everyone. I’m glad to be here and give you a speech. My topic is How to have a healthy and happy life
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．B
【解析】句意：我们生活在一个信息时代，所以我们有更多的机会和方法来提高自己。
考查名词辨析。instruction指导；information信息；introduction介绍；invention发明。根据“so we have more chances and methods to improve ourselves.”可知，此处指的是“信息时代”。故选B。
2．C
【解析】句意：这个年轻人是新来的，几乎没有朋友，所以他有时候感到孤独。
考查形容词词义辨析。tired累的；alone单独的；lonely孤独的；relaxed轻松的。根据“The young man is new here and he has few friends”可知，他几乎没有朋友，所以感到孤独，此处含有感彩用lonely。故选C。
3．D
【解析】句意：露西一走进温暖的健身房，就脱下厚外套开始锻炼。
考查动词短语。cut up切碎；picked up捡起；put on穿上；took off脱掉。根据“her heavy coat and started to exercise as soon as she entered the warm gym.”可知，是脱下外套开始锻炼，故选D。
4．B
【解析】句意：——去年冬天我去大山堡看黑颈鹤。——哇，那一定是一次很棒的经历！
考查名词辨析。tradition传统；experience经历；example例子；interview采访。根据“I went to watch black-necked cranes (黑颈鹤) in Da Shanbao last winter.”可知，这是一次很棒的经历，故选B。
5．C
【解析】句意：永远不要害怕犯错，因为每一次经历都是我们一生中的宝贵财富。
考查名词辨析。direction方向；invention发明；treasure财富；secret秘密。根据“Never be afraid of making mistakes as every experience is a great…during our whole life.”可知，空处指的是财富，名词treasure“财富”符合语境。故选C。
6．C
【解析】句意：我们学校在洗手间为我们提供洗手液。
考查动词辨析。offers提供；treats对待；provides提供；weighs称重。根据短语provide sth. for sb.“为某人提供某物”可知，空格处应选动词provides。故选C。
7．A
【解析】句意：这个地方过去是个工厂，但现在是一个公园。
考查动词辨析。used to be...过去是……；is used to be被用作；be used to being习惯于做某事；used to being错误表达。根据“but now it is a park”中的now可知，空格句说的是这个地方过去是工厂，用used to be。故选A。
8．B
【解析】句意：——理查德刚才做什么了？——他不确定们是否关上了。所以他回家又检查了一下。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AD两项。根据“So he went back home to check it again.”可知，他回家去检查，应是不确定门是否关上了，故选B。
9．C
【解析】句意：我爸爸对我很严格。当我考试考得好时，他似乎为我感到骄傲。
考查介词辨析和固定搭配。with和；in在……里；from从；of属于……的。第一空根据“My dad is very strict...me.”可知，这里是固定词组，be strict with sb.“对某人要求严格”，此处表示爸爸“对我很严格”，因此第一空是with；第二空根据“he seems to be very proud...me.”可知，这里是固定词组be proud of sb.“为某人感到骄傲”，因此第二空是of。故选C。
10．B
【解析】句意：——康康，你穿多大尺寸？——M码。
考查特殊疑问句。What color什么颜色；What size什么尺寸；How size表达不正确；How far多远。根据“Size M.”可知，此处对尺寸大小提问，用疑问词what size，故选B。
11．A
【解析】句意：——这次晚会是非常成功的。每个人在晚会上都玩得非常高兴。——是的，那是真的。
考查名词。success成功；choice选择；decision决定；purpose目的。根据“Everyone had a good time at the party.”可知，每个人在晚会上都玩得非常高兴，因此这次晚会很成功，故选A。
12．B
【解析】句意：——那些食物看起来很美味，闻起来很香。——是的，我都迫不及待想尝一下了！
考查形容词作表语。well健康的，形容词，好地，副词；delicious美味的，形容词；nicely很好地，漂亮地，副词；good好的，形容词；nice好的，漂亮的，形容词。look和smell都是感官动词，其后接形容词作表语，排除C和D；look意为“看起来”，其后接delicious表示“看起来很美味”，smell good“闻起来很香”。故选B。
13．B
【解析】句意：——看！雪越来越大了。 ——孩子们一定很高兴，但这很容易引起交通事故。
考查动词词义辨析。avoid避免；cause造成；push推；search搜索。根据“traffic accidents”可知，引起交通事故，故选B。
14．B
【解析】句意：——妈妈，我可以看一会电视吗？——你一做完作业就可以了。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。finishes完成，动词三单形式；is finished被完成，被动语态；will finish将会完成；will be finished将被完成。根据“As soon as all your homework…”可知homework是finish的承受者，使用被动语态，且homework是不可数名词；as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。故选B。
15．C
【解析】句意：——大考前我总是很紧张。 ——只要你准备好了就不用担心。
考查形容词词义辨析。warm温暖的；relaxed放松的；nervous紧张不安的；comfortable舒服的。根据“Don’t be worried”可知，考前紧张，故选C。
16．C 17．B 18．D 19．B 20．A 21．D 22．A 23．C 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文讲述了布拉德每周通过做家务赚取零花钱，起初他花钱跟赚钱一样快；后来在父母的帮助下，他学会了做预算；第一年他将存下来的80美元捐给了养老院，帮助他人让他自己也很高兴。
16．句意：它不是一份礼物。
right权利；task任务；gift礼物；success成功。根据下文“Brad actually made that money by himself.”可知，此处是指每周12美元不是父母给他的礼物。故选C。
17．句意：问题是，布拉德的钱赚得快，花得也快。
clearly清楚地；quickly快地；politely礼貌地；carefully仔细地。根据下文“Brad always bought many toys. When he wanted to go to the movies with friends, he couldn’t … a ticket. The money seemed to burn a …in his pocket.”可知，此处是指他的钱很快就花完了。故选B。
18．句意：因为布拉德总是买很多玩具。
But但是；So所以；And而且；Because因为。根据上文“The problem was that Brad’s money disappeared just as … as he made it.”可知，此处是指钱消失的原因。故选D。
19．句意：当他想和朋友去看电影时，他买不起票。
expect期待；afford负担得起；achieve实现；spread传播。根据上文“The problem was that Brad’s money disappeared”可知，此处是指他没有钱买电影票。故选B。
20．句意：这笔钱似乎在他的口袋里烧了个洞。
hole洞；rope绳子；tool工具；pipe管道。根据上文“The problem was that Brad’s money disappeared”可知，他的钱很快就花完了，口袋似乎烧了个洞。故选A。
21．句意：一天，布拉德的妈妈对他说：“你应该做一个预算。”
treat对待；push推；avoid避免；make制作。根据下文“Can you … me make one ”可知，此处是指做一个预算。故选D。
22．句意：“那是什么 ”布拉德问。
What什么；When什么时候；How怎样；Why为什么。根据下文“It’s a plan of how your money will be spent.”可知，此处是询问那个是什么。故选A。
23．句意：你把钱分成不同的部分来买不同的东西，比如玩具和零食。
close接近的；public公共的；different不同的；meaningful有意义的。根据下文“like toys and snacks”可知，此处是指不同种类的物品。故选C。
24．句意：“这样你就可以把钱花在不同的东西上，”他爸爸说。
at在；for为了；on在……上；about关于。根据空前“spend money”可知，此处考查spend money on sth.“花钱在……上”，固定搭配。故选C。
25．句意：你们能帮我做一个吗？
organize组织；help帮助；warn警告；train训练。根据下文“make a budget with his parents”可知，此处是布拉德请求父母帮他制定一个预算。故选B。
26．句意：那天晚上，布拉德和父母坐下来做预算。
sat down坐下；wrote down写下；broke down分解；cut down砍倒。结合句意和备选词汇可知，此处是指他与父母坐下来一起做预算。故选A。
27．句意：他们把钱分成几部分，分别用来买零食、玩具、电影和书籍。
prize奖品；money金钱；subject学科；programme节目。根据上文“That way you can be sure to spend money … different things,”可知，此处是指把钱分成了几个部分。故选B。
28．句意：还有两个特别的部分，一个是帮助别人，另一个是布拉德的积蓄。
tiny微小的；basic基本的；hard困难的；special特殊的。根据下文“one for helping others and the other for Brad’s savings”可知，此处指有两个特殊的部分。故选D。
29．句意：后来，布拉德总是有足够的钱。
enough足够的；rare稀少的；total总共的；similar相似的。根据下文“$ 80 to old people’s home”可知，此处指自从做了预算后，布拉德的钱是足够的，年底还有80美元的存款。故选A。
30．句意：那年年底，他给敬老院捐了80美元。
set设立；held举办；donated捐赠；explained解释。根据下文“Helping people in need makes Brad feel good.”可知，此处指他把节省下来的80美元捐赠给敬老院。故选C。
31．D 32．C 33．A 34．A 35．B
【导语】本文介绍了中国的腊八节及其传统食物腊八粥和腊八蒜。
31．细节理解题。根据“In China, December of the lunar calendar (农历) is called the La month, the start of the Spring Festival.”可知，腊八节是春节的开始。故选D。
32．词义猜测题。根据“On this day, people eat a special hot rice porridge —Laba Zhou.”可知，it指代的是腊八粥。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据“At the end of the year, the man learned a meaningful lesson.”可知，这个人学到了一个有意义的教训。结合前文“People around him felt it was such a waste, so they collected the food that he threw away, such as beans and rice.”可推测出，这个人学到的教训是要节约粮食。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据“People will peel garlic and put it in the vinegar (醋).”可知，腊八蒜的特别味道来自于醋。故选A。
35．推理判断题。本文介绍了中国的传统节日腊八节及其传统食物，属于文化范畴。故选B。
36．B 37．C 38．A 39．A 40．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者喜欢音乐的原因，因为音乐能令人放松，也能带来快乐。
36．细节理解题。根据“I like music because I think there is nothing more relaxing than listening to or playing music.”可知，听音乐的时候作者感到很放松。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“My father and I played like that for about 15 minutes. And when I turned around, my mother was standing there listening.”可知，我”和父亲演奏时，母亲正站在那听。故选C。
38．词义猜测题。根据“Now many people are too focused on being good at their instruments, or making lots of money with them, but not focused on the music.”可知，现在很多人只关注精通乐器或用它们赚钱，而不关注音乐本身，因此划线短语的含义为“关注”。故选A。
39．推理判断题。根据“Although my job is playing the piano, I never really want to use it to make money.”可知，作者的工作和音乐相关，因此可能作者是一位音乐家。故选A。
40．主旨大意题。通读全文以及“I play because it brings me great happiness, and I love everything about it.”可知，本文主要介绍了作者喜欢音乐的原因。故选B。
41．D 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．A
【导语】本文介绍了在澳大利亚悉尼有一台自动售货机，你告诉它你的感受，它会给你一些可能会让你感觉更好的东西。
41．细节理解题。根据“If you are feeling angry, sad or lonely, you might reach for a snack.”可知，当人们感到愤怒、悲伤或孤独时，他们可能会去吃零食。故选D。
42．词义猜测题。根据“you can tell the machine your sadness”可知，把你的悲伤告诉这个机器，因此表示发泄你的糟糕感受，故选B。
43．推理判断题。根“For example, in the ‘friendship’ packet, there is a piece of paper that lists 10 daily activities you can use to keep in touch with old friends.”可知，例如，在“友谊”包里，有一张纸，上面列出了10项你可以用来与老朋友保持联系的日常活动。因此人们可能在自动售货机上发现一些活动，故选C。
44．推理判断题。根据“For example, in the ‘friendship’ packet, there is a piece of paper that lists 10 daily activities you can use to keep in touch with old friends.”可知，在“友谊”包里，有一张纸，上面列出了10项你可以用来与老朋友保持联系的日常活动。C项“在周末给朋友打电话”符合语境，故选B。
45．推理判断题。根据“But imagine there is a vending (售卖的) machine nearby. You tell it how you are feeling and it gives you something that may help you feel better.”可知，他告诉一台自动售货机你的感受，它会给你一些可能会让你感觉更好的东西。此处本文可能在一本关于感情的杂志上看到。故选A。
46．including
【解析】句意：汤姆有许多爱好，包括跑步和徒步旅行。分析题干可知，空格处在句中作状语，表示补充说明，结合提示词可知，空格处应填介词including“包括”。故填including。
47．director
【解析】句意：作为一名导演，杰里总是尽力告诉演员如何表演。结合所给单词和题干可知，空格处应用名词director“导演”，a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填director。
48．national
【解析】句意：他的照片刊登在所有的全国性报纸上。此处用形容词修饰名词newspapers，national意为“全国的”，形容词作定语。故填national。
49．be punished
【解析】句意：每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚。根据“Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will…”可知，此处指每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚；主语“you”与动词“punish”之间为动宾关系，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”，空前为will，空处应填be punished。故填be punished。
50．politely
【解析】句意：众所周知，对老年人说话应该有礼貌。此处指“礼貌地和老人说话”，修饰动词用副词politely“礼貌地”。故填politely。
51．proud
【解析】句意：我们中国人是多么骄傲啊！世界上许多不同的国家都教授汉语。根据中文提示，proud “骄傲的” 符合语境，构成how引导的感叹句，其结构为 “how+形容词+主谓”。故填proud。
52．daily/everyday
【解析】句意：如今，科技已经成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分。daily/everyday“每天的；日常的”，形容词作定语。故填daily/everyday。
53．whether
【解析】句意：——我不知道你今天能不能帮我学英语 ——当然可以。我一整天都有空。根据中文提示可知，该题考查“是否”的英文，whether/if意为“是否”，又因句子中有or not，只能用whether，故填whether。
54．punished
【解析】句意：如果你违反交通规则，你将受到警察的处罚。punish“惩罚”，是动词，主语you与谓语punish之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，此处是一般将来时的被动形式will be done，故填punished。
55．wisely
【解析】句意：自然资源对我们来说很重要。我们应该明智地使用它们。wisely“明智地”，副词，作状语。故填wisely。
56．avoid
【解析】根据中文提示可知，此处需要填“避免”，即avoid；又根据“Try to”可知，此处填动词原形。故填avoid。
57．central part / area
【解析】结合句意和语境可知，第一空要填入的是表示“中心”的形容词，作定语，“central”符合语境；第二空需要填入的是表示“区域”的名词，“part”和“area”符合语境，动词为“is”，说明主语是单数。故填①central ②part/area。
58．tower
【解析】分析句子结构可知，“a tall”后面应接单数名词，根据汉语句意可知，空格处表示“塔”，用tower表示。故填tower。
59．How wonderful
【解析】根据中英文对照，可知此处是感叹句型How+adj.+主语+谓语！，形容词wonderful“精彩的”。故填How；wonderful。
60．was created
【解析】根据中英文对照，可知此处需填“被创作”，动词create“创作”，被动结构为be done，根据“in the 1960s ”可知句子需使用一般过去时，主语是单数，因此be动词使用was。故填was；created。
61．lovers 62．successfully 63．shortest 64．During 65．reached 66．a 67．swim 68．Although/Though 69．training 70．its
【导语】文章主要讲述了2023年8月四位冬泳爱好者成功地接力横渡了被称为“泳界珠峰”的英吉利海峡。
61．句意：黄忠达、谢德荣、赵静和项庆强是我们的冬泳爱好者。根据“Huang Zhongda, Xie Derong, Zhao Jing and Xiang Qingiang”可知此处指四名冬泳爱好者，因此需填lover“爱好者”的复数形式。故填lovers。
62．句意：2023年8月4日，该团队在11小时54分钟内成功游过英吉利海峡。根据“swam across the English”可知此处需填successful“成功的”的副词形式来修饰动词。故填successfully。
63．句意：在所有路线中，他们选择了游最短的路线。根据“Of all the routes (路线)”可知此处需填形容词short“短的”的最高级。故填shortest。
64．句意：在旅途中，每个队员至少游了一个小时，然后轮流游泳，直到到达法国。根据“...the journey, each team member swam for at least an hour before taking turns (轮流)...”可知此处需填介词during“在……期间”，表示在旅途中，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填During
65．句意：在旅途中，每个队员至少游了一个小时，然后轮流游泳，直到到达法国。根据“swam”可知此处是一般过去时，动词reach“到达”需使用过去式。故填reached。
66．句意：谢说，虽然旅程在很大程度上进展顺利，但最后6公里对他们的耐力来说是一个巨大的考验。根据“...the final 6 km turned out to be...huge test”可知此处表示泛指，一个巨大的考验，test“考验”是可数名词单数，且huge是辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a。故填a。
67．句意：湍急的水流使他们游得更慢了。动词短语make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，因此此处需填动词swim“游泳”的原形。故填swim。
68．句意：虽然整个旅程充满了困难，但他们还是成功了！根据“...he whole journey was full of difficulties, they just succeeded!”可知前后句为转折关系，表示虽然整个旅程充满了困难，但他们还是成功了，因此需填连词although/though“虽然，即使”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Although/Though。
69．句意：他们在文成县山西水库游泳前几周开始训练。根据“their”可知此处需填动词train“训练”的名词形式training“训练”。故填training。
70．句意：这是因为它的水温与英吉利海峡的水温相似。根据“water temperature”可知此处需填it“它”的形容词性物主代词its“它的”修饰名词。故填its。
71． Hello, everyone. I’m glad to be here and give you a speech. My topic is How to have a healthy and happy life.
With the improvement of living conditions, we are paying more and more attention to our health, which includes both physical and mental health. Then how can we live a healthy and happy life
Firstly, we should keep our bodies healthy. Not only do we need to eat healthy food, but we also need to exercise in a proper way every day. For example, we can run for 30 minutes every morning.
Secondly, mental health is also very important. We need to get along well with others as well. When we’re sad, we can communicate with our parents, teachers and friends frankly.
In a word, I hope everyone can have a healthy body and mind, and then we can have a healthy and happy life every day.
That’s all. Thank you!
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题，表明健康和快乐的重要性；
第二步，介绍拥有健康快乐的生活的方式方法；
第三步，发出倡导，提出希望并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①paying more and more attention to越来越重视
②include包括
③not only…but also不仅……而且
④proper适当的
⑤get along well with…与……相处融洽
⑥communicate with sb.与某人沟通
[高分句型]
With the improvement of living conditions, we are paying more and more attention to our health, which includes both physical and mental health. (which引导非限制性定语从句)
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