阅读理解之五选四
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、题型特点与重难点预测
题型特点：
五选四要求从五个备选项中选出四个填入文章的空白处，使文章结构完整、逻辑连贯。核心
能力包括：
逻辑分析：识别上下文衔接关系（因果、转折、递进等）。
代词指代：判断代词（it, they, this 等）所指代的内容。
段落主旨匹配：根据段落主题句选择匹配的细节或总结句。
干扰项辨析：排除内容正确但逻辑不符的选项。
2025 年预测重难点：
本土主题与复杂逻辑结合
高频主题：
非遗科技化：土家织锦数字化传承的挑战与成果。
生态实践：洞庭湖湿地修复工程的步骤与成效。
乡村振兴：十八洞村苗绣电商的创业历程。
难点：长段落中的多句衔接（如因果链、对比论证）。
隐性逻辑关系
难点：
隐含因果：未出现“because”但需推断原因（如“竹林覆盖率提高→水土流失减少”）。
代词的跨段指代：前段末尾的“this method”指代后段首句的“AI monitoring”。
干扰项设计
干扰项特征：
内容正确但逻辑错位：选项内容正确，但与上下文无关（如段落讲“技术问题”，选项提“文
化意义”）。
部分重复干扰：包含原文词汇但语义偏离（如原文“solar energy” vs. 选项“renewable
resources”）。
文体类型多样化
难点：
说明文：步骤类文本（如“湿地修复四阶段”）需匹配步骤说明与总结句。
议论文：观点与论据的对应（如“支持 AI in agriculture”的论据选择）。
二、解题步骤与技巧
1. 通读全文，把握结构与主旨
目标：通过首段、段落首句及结尾句判断文章框架（如“问题-解决方案”）。
技巧：
标记逻辑词：如“For example”（举例）、“However”（转折）、“In conclusion”（总结）。
预测空白功能：根据上下文猜测空缺句的作用（如承上启下、总结观点）。
2. 定位关键词与代词
策略：
代词指代：找到代词（it, they, this）在上下文中的指代对象（如“this technology”指前文的“AI
monitoring system”）。
重复词匹配：选项中的关键词与上下文重复（如“carbon neutrality”在段落中多次出现）。
示例：
空白前句：“The local government introduced a new policy.”
选项：“This policy aims to reduce industrial pollution.” → “this”指代“policy”。
3. 分析逻辑关系
常见逻辑类型：
逻辑关系 信号词 解题技巧
因果 because, therefore 选项需解释前因后果
转折 however, but 选项与前句形成对比或反驳
递进 furthermore, moreover 选项补充前句的进一步信息
举例 for instance, such as 选项提供具体案例
4. 排除干扰项
排除方法：
内容正确但逻辑错位：跳过与当前段落无关的选项。
绝对化表述：如“All villages have accepted the policy”可能被“Most villages”否定。
5. 检查连贯性
验证方法：
代入法：将选项代入空白处，通读确认逻辑是否通顺。
代词呼应：确保代词（they, it）在上下文中指代明确。
三、2025 年预测趋势与创新题型
1. 命题方向
本土科技与文化融合：
案例：湘绣非遗工坊的数字化升级（技术步骤+文化意义）。
预测题目：选择衔接“技术挑战”与“解决方案”的句子。
跨学科实践：
文本类型：地理+科技（如“张家界峰林保护中的卫星遥感应用”）。
问题示例：匹配“数据收集”与“结果分析”的段落衔接句。
2. 创新题型示例
多模态五选四：
文本：非遗银饰制作流程图 + 文字说明 → 选择匹配步骤与工具的句子。
观点与论据匹配：
段落 1：“Supporters argue AI improves farming efficiency.”
段落 2：“Critics worry about data privacy risks.”
选项需匹配支持与反对观点的论据。
3. 易错点警示
过度依赖关键词：仅因选项含原文词汇而误选（如“solar energy”可能为干扰项）。
忽略段落主旨：未判断段落核心话题导致选错衔接句。
逻辑误判：混淆“举例”与“因果”（如选项为案例，但上下文需因果关系）。
四、备考建议
1. 分主题强化训练
高频主题库：
主题 必备逻辑信号词
非遗科技化 Furthermore, However, In conclusion
主题 必备逻辑信号词
生态保护 Therefore, As a result, For example
乡村振兴 Meanwhile, On the other hand
2. 积累本土表达与逻辑词
文化类：Huxiang Spirit（湖湘精神）、intangible cultural heritage（非遗）。
逻辑类：Consequently（因此）、Nevertheless（然而）、Specifically（具体而言）。
3. 限时模拟与错题复盘
训练方法：
每篇限时 6-8 分钟，先通读全文再逐空解题。
错题本记录错误类型（如逻辑误判、代词误指）。
4. 长难句与段落结构分析
练习方向：
拆分长难句，标注主谓宾与逻辑修饰成分。
用思维导图梳理段落结构（如总分、对比）。
总结：2025 年湖南中考“五选四”将聚焦本土文化科技化与生态保护实践，突出逻辑衔接与
代词指代能力。考生需强化段落结构分析、逻辑信号词敏感度及本土词汇积累，通过限时模
拟提升解题速度，关注“非遗数字化”“乡村振兴”等热点主题。
【基础试题】
A
阅读短文，从下面所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。
Every one of us has a chance to try new things. When we try something new, there’s always
the risk. 1
For example, we may try a food we have never had before, and we don’t like the food
finally. We may try a new style of music and get a headache. We may try a new sport like skating
and end up falling down a lot. 2 We may try to speak or write a different language and
end up getting into an embarrassing (使人尴尬的) situation.
It sounds risky to us. 3 For example, we can try a new food, and we fall in love
with it finally. We may try a new sport and fall down but we get back up and finally experience
pleasure, even for a minute. We may see why people love that sport so much.
If we try a new kind of music, we may regret we didn’t find it sooner. We can see a new
kind of art and may be surprised at its beauty. We can try to write or speak a different language,
and we may be a little embarrassed at first, but we know that the only way to improve is to make
mistakes and keep on trying.
4 Then you will have chances to get rewards (回报).
A．How can we try a new sport
B．But it is not so bad to take risks.
C．All in all, keep trying something new.
D．The risk is that we will not be satisfied with our choice.
E．We may see a different kind of art and be completely disappointed.
【答案】1．D 2．E 3．B 4．C
【难度】0.85
【知识点】意见/建议
【导语】本文主要讨论了尝试新事物的重要性以及伴随而来的风险。
1．根据“When we try something new, there’s always the risk.”可知，当我们尝试新事物时，总
是存在风险，因此此处需要填入描述这种风险的内容，D 项“风险在于我们不会对自己的选
择感到满意。”符合语境。故选 D。
2．根据“We may try a new style of music and get a headache. We may try a new sport like skating
and end up falling down a lot.”和“We may try to speak or write a different language and end up
getting into an embarrassing (使人尴尬的) situation.”可知，此处应继续举例说明尝试新事物遇
到的风险，E 项“我们可能会看到一种不同的艺术，完全失望。”符合语境。故选 E。
3．根据“It sounds risky to us.”可知，即这听起来对我们来说是有风险的。但后文却列举了几
个尝试新事物可能带来的积极结果，因此这里需要一个转折句来连接前后文，B 项“但冒险
也没那么糟糕。”符合语境。故选 B。
4．根据“Then you will have chances to get rewards (回报).”可知，此处是文章的结尾部分，需
要总结全文并给出建议或结论，C 项“总而言之，不断尝试新事物。”符合语境。故选 C。
B
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选
项。
A person has two ears but only one mouth. That means we should listen, not just talk. The
word “listen” has the same letters as the word “silent”. Listening silently is a good quality (品质)
that we should have. Then why is it important to be a good listener
1
When someone is sad or angry, he may show his poor feelings. At this moment, we need to
listen silently first until he gets calm (冷静的). Then we may have a good talk with him. Maybe it
is a good way to help him out.
Listening is a kind of love.
For example, we may think our parents are always talking too much. But in fact, they do so
because they are worried about our health or just expect to help us if we have difficulty in our
study. 2 A loving silence is often more powerful than words.
Listening is a kind of politeness.
Sometimes we just want others to listen to us but forget to listen to others. 3 In
order to show our politeness and respect (尊重), we’d better listen to others first. Then we can tell
them our ideas.
Listening sounds easy, but it’s not. So we should learn to listen with our ears and hearts as
much as we can. 4
A．That’s not polite.
B．Listening is really helpful.
C．We should follow their advice.
D．Let’s try to make ourselves good listeners from now on.
E．If we listen silently and patiently, our parents will feel our love and care.
【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．D
【难度】0.85
【知识点】哲理感悟
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文说明了做一个好的倾听者很重要，并且详细地介绍了倾听
的作用。
1．根据“Then why is it important to be a good listener ”可知，此处是在询问成为一个好的倾
听者为什么重要。选项 B“倾听真的很有帮助”与之相符。故选 B。
2．根据“But in fact, they do so because they are worried about our health or just expect to help us
if we have difficulty in our study.”可知，此处是在解释父母为什么会说很多话，是因为他们担
心我们的健康或希望在我们学习遇到困难时帮助我们。选项 E“如果我们静静地、耐心地倾
听，我们的父母会感受到我们的爱和关心”与之相符。故选 E。
3．根据“Sometimes we just want others to listen to us but forget to listen to others.”可知，此处是
在指出我们有时只想让别人倾听我们，却忘记了倾听别人。选项A“那是不礼貌的”与之相符。
故选 A。
4．根据“So we should learn to listen with our ears and hearts as much as we can.”可知，此处是
在强调我们应该尽可能地用耳朵和心去倾听。选项 D“让我们从现在开始努力成为好的倾听
者吧”与之相符。故选 D。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从短文后的五个选项中选出能够填入短文空白处的最佳选项，
选项中有一项为多余选项，并将其代表字母涂在答题卡（纸）的相应位置。
Many young people have trouble communicating with their parents. 1
First, make a list of the things you and your parents disagree about most. With each of these
things, try to find an answer acceptable to both you and your parents. 2 You have to be
ready to change a little if you want them to change.
Second, talk to your parents when it is convenient for them. Remember that your parents
may have to work long hours and this can make them tired, so be patient with them.
Third, listen to what your parents have to say. How can you expect them to listen to you if
you are not ready to listen to them In addition, your parents were once young like you, 3
4 Talk with your parents and find out their reasons. Part of growing up is
learning to live with these kinds of disagreements, and learning to understand another person’s
way of looking at things.
With a little hard work, you can learn to communicate better with your parents.
A．if you do not get a satisfactory result, try not to get too angry.
B．In the end, you can communicate with your parents if you want.
C．so they understand your situation better than you expect.
D．However, there are some very useful tips to help solve this problem.
E．It is no good for you to require everything to go your way.
【答案】1．D 2．E 3．C 4．B
【难度】0.85
【知识点】家庭关系、意见/建议
【导语】本文是一些如何与父母进行良好的沟通的建议。
1．根据上文“Many young people have trouble communicating with their parents.”可知，许多年
轻人在与父母沟通方面存在困难；根据下文可知给出了具体的建议，选项 D“然而，有一些
非常有用的技巧可以帮助解决这个问题。”符合语境。故选 D。
2．根据下文“You have to be ready to change a little if you want them to change.”可知，你需要
做出改变是因为不可能凡事都按照你的想法进行，选项 E“要求一切按自己的方式进行对你
没有好处。”符合语境。故选 E。
3．根据上文“your parents were once young like you”可知，父母是过来人，他们或许有过相似
的经历，能懂得你的感受，选项 C“所以他们比你想象的更了解你的处境。”符合语境。故选
C。
4．根据上文“First”、“Second”和“Third”可知，此处是介绍最后一点建议，选项 B“最后，如
果你愿意，你可以和你的父母交流。”符合语境。故选 B。
【提升试题】
A
阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一
项是多余项。
Did you know that some people in Britain live in boats instead of houses It’s too expensive
to buy a house. So people choose the “floating (漂浮的) houses”. There were over 35,000 boats
on rivers in England and Wales in 2022. 1
Liam Quinn is a 37-year-old musician. 2 “I loved waking up to the water and
swans (天鹅). One month, I’d be in the heart of the city; the next, I parked next to cows in the
countryside,” he said.
A small boat costs between 50,000 pounds (about 456,000 yuan) and 100,000 pounds.
3 In the richest places, the price of an apartment averages around 600,000 pounds.
4 Quinn had to move his boat every two weeks and clean the toilet every day.
Still, Qunn loved his watery home. “You learn to fix things and make friends with others.
Everyone is friendly and helpful!” he said.
A．But boat life isn’t all fun.
B．He lived happily on a narrowboat (运河船) for five years in London.
C．It’s so expensive that he can’t afford to buy one.
D．Many are people’s main homes.
E．That’s cheaper than buying an apartment in London.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】房屋与住所
【导语】本文讲述了英国部分居民因房价过高而选择居住在船上的生活方式，并通过音乐家
Liam Quinn 的例子具体描述了这种水上生活的优缺点。
1．根据“There were over 35,000 boats on rivers in England and Wales in 2022.”可知，英国有大
量船只被使用，选项 D“许多是人们的主要住所”符合语境。故选 D。
2．根据“Liam Quinn is a 37-year-old musician…‘I loved waking up to the water and swans (天
鹅)…’”可知，Liam Quinn 曾在船上生活，选项 B“他在伦敦的一艘运河船上快乐地生活了五
年”符合语境。故选 B。
3．根据“A small boat costs between 50,000 pounds…In the richest places, the price of an
apartment averages around 600,000 pounds.”可知，船只比公寓便宜，选项 E“这比在伦敦买一
套公寓便宜”符合语境。故选 E。
4．根据“Quinn had to move his boat every two weeks and clean the toilet every day.”可知，船上
生活也有不便，选项 A“但船上生活并不全是乐趣”符合语境。故选 A。
B
阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一项是多余的
Some of the jobs which were common fifty years ago are almost not seen now, and some
that are popular today may disappear in twenty years. 1
Space tour guide
People have been expecting an exciting travel in space. It will soon come true for many
people. Anyone who wants to see the Sun rising and setting over the Earth will be able to take
trips to space. And for a trip of this kind, travelers will need a tour guide—someone who can
explain to them what they are seeing and help keep them safe. 2
AI psychologist (心理学家)
AI is used for more and more practical work. And machines will become more humanlike.
3 An AI psychologist would need to understand about both psychology and technology. It
would be this person’s job to make sure that future supercomputers worked well.
Human-technology integration (融合) specialist
With all the new technologies on offer, people may need help to understand and use them.
So human-technology integration specialists might be very important 4 They would
look at all the technologies a person could use and advise on the best ones and how to get the most
out of them.
A．It is necessary to learn geography well.
B．They will need engineers for their “minds”
C．They could teach others how to use future technologies.
D．So have you ever wondered what future jobs might be wanted
E．The person who will do this job has to be a good communicator.
【答案】1．D 2．E 3．B 4．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】畅想未来、科学技术、科普知识、旅行、工作与职业
【导语】本文探讨了未来可能出现的三种新兴职业：太空导游、AI 心理学家以及人机融合
专家。这些职业反映了科技发展对社会分工的影响。
1．根据上文“Some of the jobs which were common fifty years ago are almost not seen now, and
some that are popular today may disappear in twenty years.”可知，五十年前常见的工作如今几
乎消失，现在流行的工作二十年后可能消失，引出对未来工作的疑问。选项 D“那么你是否
想过未来需要什么工作？”承上启下，符合语境。故选 D
2．根据上文“And for a trip of this kind, travelers will need a tour guide—someone who can
explain to them what they are seeing and help keep them safe.”可知，句中提到太空旅行需要导
游解释所见并保障安全，强调沟通能力。选项 E“从事这项工作的人必须是优秀的沟通者”自
然衔接对导游职责的描述，突出关键能力。故选 E。
3．根据上下文“AI is used for more and more practical work. And machines will become more
humanlike...An AI psychologist would need to understand about both psychology and
technology.”可知，句中指出 AI 更人性化，后文提到 AI 心理学家需懂心理学和技术。选项 B
“它们需要工程师来打造心智”呼应 AI 需要专业人员开发的逻辑。故选 B
4．根据“With all the new technologies on offer, people may need help to understand and use them.
So human-technology integration specialists might be very important”可知，人们需要帮助理解
和使用新技术，专家需提供建议。选项 C“他们可以教别人如何使用未来技术”直接对应人们
的需求，逻辑一致。故选 C
B
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选
项。
Travel companies like Conde Nast Traveller have shared their 2025 travel trends (趋势)
guesses. These trends show how people want meaningful experiences from their trips.
Have fun at night.
This trend is about enjoying travel at night. Travelers can do activities like watching starts.
As the world gets hotter, many people find it uncomfortable to go out during the day, especially in
summer. 1 Some activities center on the night sky, while others are on the ground—
like night city walks or beach meals under a full moon.
Live longer and healthier.
People are very interested in living longer and healthier lives. In 2025, more people will
plan trips around activities that help them live longer. 2 This treatment uses red light to
make skin look better. Studies show that being with others makes people healthier. So many travel
places now offer activities like group walks.
3
Sometimes, traveling to smaller, less famous places can be fun. Tom Barber, a leader from
the travel company Original Travel, said that in Europe, taking trains helps people find these
places easily. When you look at a train timetable, you can find many interesting little stops to visit.
In 2025, travel won’t just be about having fun. 4
A．Visit hidden places.
B．Take trains to spend less money.
C．They prefer to do fun activities in the cooler evenings.
D．It will be about finding new experiences and staying healthy.
E．For example, people will visit places that offer red light treatment.
【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．D
【难度】0.65
【知识点】旅行
【导语】本文讲述了 2025 年旅行趋势凸显夜游、健康游及探小众地，并点明如今人们追求
较为深度的体验。
1．根据“Some activities center on the night sky, while others are on the ground—like night city
walks or beach meals under a full moon.”可知，后文列举夜间活动，此处应该解释人们选择夜
晚活动的原因，选项 C“他们更喜欢在凉爽的晚上做有趣的活动。”符合语境。故选 C。
2．根据“In 2025, more people will plan trips around activities that help them live longer.”以及
“This treatment uses red light to make skin look better.”可知，前文提到规划与长寿相关的旅行，
后文具体说明“红光疗法”，此处用具体例子说明趋势，选项 E“例如，人们会去提供红光治
疗的地方。”符合语境。故选 E。
3．根据“Sometimes, traveling to smaller, less famous places can be fun.”可知，设空处后描述“去
小众、不知名的地方旅行”，选项 A“参观隐藏的地方。”符合语境。故选 A。
4．根据“In 2025, travel won’t just be about having fun.”以及设空处的位置可知，末段总结 2025
年旅行的意义：“不仅是玩乐，更是寻找新体验和保持健康”。选项 D“它将是关于寻找新的
体验和保持健康。”符合语境。故选 D。
【拔高试题】
A
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余
选项。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. 1 As
the seventh term of the year, Beginning of Summer, or Lixia in Chinese, usually falls on May 5th,
6th or 7th. It marks the beginning of the hot summer.
2 In ancient times, people held a special ceremony on this day. They decorated
their houses with fresh flowers and fruits, and offered sacrifices (祭祀) to the God of Summer.
These activities showed their respect for nature and their hope for a good harvest.
In modern society, although many traditional customs have become less popular, some
interesting traditions still remain. 3 They believe that doing this can bring them good
luck and protect them from heat in summer. Also, in some areas, people have the custom of
weighing themselves on the day of Beginning of Summer. 4 If a person has lost weight
during the spring, they will try to eat more in summer to get stronger.
Beginning of Summer is not only a time to experience traditional culture but also a
reminder to enjoy the beauty of each season. Let’s discover more about these wonderful solar
terms!
A．People believe that the result of the weighing shows their health condition.
B．Each solar term has its own features and cultural meanings.
C．For example, some children wear colorful eggs on their arms.
D．This term plays an important role in farming activities.
E．The temperature often rises quickly and there may be more rain during this period.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】中华文化、传统节日
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的二十四节气中的立夏。
1．根据上句“The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms.”及后文
可知，传统的中国农历将一年分为 24 个节气，后文介绍了立夏的特点，此处应用每个节气
都有自己的特点来过渡话题。选项 B“每个节气都有自己的特点和文化意义。”符合语境。故
选 B。
2．根据后文“In ancient times, people held a special ceremony on this day. They decorated their
houses with fresh flowers and fruits, and offered sacrifices (祭祀) to the God of Summer.”可知，
后文提到古代在立夏这天的祭祀活动与农业丰收相关，此处应说明立夏在农业中很重要，引
领本文段。选项 D“这个词在农业活动中起着重要的作用。”符合语境。故选 D。
3．根据上下文“In modern society, although many traditional customs have become less popular,
some interesting traditions still remain.…They believe that doing this can bring them good luck
and protect them from heat in summer.”可知，在现代社会，虽然许多传统习俗已经不那么流行
了，但一些有趣的传统仍然存在，此处例举具体的习俗。选项 C“例如，一些孩子在胳膊上
戴着彩色的鸡蛋。”符合语境。故选 C。
4．根据上文“Also, in some areas, people have the custom of weighing themselves on the day of
Beginning of Summer.”可知，在一些地区，人们有在立夏当天称体重的习俗，此处应解释称
体重的原因。选项 A“人们认为称重的结果表明他们的健康状况。”符合语境。故选 A。
B
Tips for Writing Better Articles
Many of us don't spend a lot of time improving our writing skills. This can be a problem
when we hand in our articles. Good writing skills will help us improve our grades and benefit us
later in life. 1 .
Make good word choices. When we're not sure which word is the right one for a sentence,
look it up in a dictionary. Many of us choose words in a hurry and don't take the time to decide if
they're proper. 2 .
Check facts. If we want people to believe what we write, we must make sure our facts are
true. We should use dependable facts.
Rewrite. A common problem is that we don't like to rewrite. In fact rewriting is the best
way to find out and correct some mistakes, like grammar and spelling mistakes. 3 though
it takes more time and more work.
Read aloud. Sometimes it's easier to find problems with spelling, word usage, and grammar
when we read aloud. Reading aloud helps us not only find out our problems but also develop our
writing.
4 Preparing a list is necessary for writing a good article. Such a list includes: Is
there a proper title Have we explained every point Are all the parts of the article included This
can help us to make sure that we have covered everything.
It is not easy to become a better writer. But with a few simple steps, we can improve our
writing skills and learn how to write better articles.
A．Prepare a list
B．The following tips can be helpful
C．Rewriting makes our writing better
D．So practice writing as much as you can
E．Good word choices are necessary for good writing
【答案】1．B 2．E 3．C 4．A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】方法/策略、意见/建议
【分析】本文主要是针对如何写出更好的文章提出了一些方法建议。
1．根据“Good writing skills will help us improve our grades and benefit us later in life.”良好的写
作技巧将有助于我们提高成绩，并在以后的生活中受益。以及下文所提出一些建议。可知，
此处应该选择 The following tips can be helpful 以下建议可能会有所帮助。故选 B。
2．根据“Make good word choices.”做出正确的词汇选择。可知，这段介绍了词汇选择的作用。
结合所给选项，可知应填：正确的单词选择对于良好的写作是必要的。此处是总结该段的。
应该选择 Good word choices are necessary for good writing 故选 E。
3．根据“Rewrite.”重写。可知，此段介绍了重写的益处。结合所给选项可知，应该选择Rewriting
makes our writing better 重写会使我们的写作更好。故选 C。
4．根据“Preparing a list is necessary for writing a good article.”写一篇好文章需要准备一份清单
（写作提纲）。以及下文的描述，可知，此段介绍了写作前要列一个写作提纲。因此选择
Prepare a list 准备一份清单（写作提纲）。故选 A。
C
阅读下面短文，从短文后方框中所给的五个句子中选出四个，分别填入文中相应的序号后，
使短文语义连贯，结构完整。
Do you get angry when your friends sing loudly while you are trying to work or when your
best friend does not wait for you after school
1 . Getting angry with others can cause you to lose friends.
Gary Egeberg, an American high school teacher, has written My Feelings Are Like Wild
Animals to help you control your feelings. It tells how to stay cool when bad things happen.
The book says that getting angry only makes problems worse. 2 . “Getting angry is
not a natural way to act,” the book says, “It’s just a bad habit, like smoking.”
The book says you can control your anger easily – all you have to do is to tell yourself not
to be angry.
The book gives many tips to help you if you get angry easily. 3 .
◆ Keep a record. When you get angry, write down why you are angry. Look at it later and
you will see you get angry too easily.
◆ Ask your friends to stop talking to you when you get angry. This will teach you not to be
angry.
◆ 4 . When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else. Try
to laugh.
A．Here are the top three
B．Do something different
C．It can nevermake them better
D．You may ask how to use the tips
E．If you do, you need to control your feelings
【答案】1．E 2．C 3．A 4．B
【难度】0.4
【知识点】方法/策略
【分析】试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了生气不会解决问题却会使你失去友谊。作者推荐给
我们一本书 My Feelings Are Like Wild Animals。她将告诉你如何控制情绪。
1．根据上文的问题和后文的结果生别人的气会让你失去朋友。故填 E。
2．根据上文 The book says that getting angry only makes problems worse.可知下文中的 it 指上
文中的生气，故填 C。
3．根据后文列举的三点，故填 A。
4．根据后文解释 When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else. Try
to laugh.，故填 B。阅读理解之五选四
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、题型特点与重难点预测
题型特点：
五选四要求从五个备选项中选出四个填入文章的空白处，使文章结构完整、逻辑连贯。核心
能力包括：
逻辑分析：识别上下文衔接关系（因果、转折、递进等）。
代词指代：判断代词（it, they, this 等）所指代的内容。
段落主旨匹配：根据段落主题句选择匹配的细节或总结句。
干扰项辨析：排除内容正确但逻辑不符的选项。
2025 年预测重难点：
本土主题与复杂逻辑结合
高频主题：
非遗科技化：土家织锦数字化传承的挑战与成果。
生态实践：洞庭湖湿地修复工程的步骤与成效。
乡村振兴：十八洞村苗绣电商的创业历程。
难点：长段落中的多句衔接（如因果链、对比论证）。
隐性逻辑关系
难点：
隐含因果：未出现“because”但需推断原因（如“竹林覆盖率提高→水土流失减少”）。
代词的跨段指代：前段末尾的“this method”指代后段首句的“AI monitoring”。
干扰项设计
干扰项特征：
内容正确但逻辑错位：选项内容正确，但与上下文无关（如段落讲“技术问题”，选项提“文
化意义”）。
部分重复干扰：包含原文词汇但语义偏离（如原文“solar energy” vs. 选项“renewable
resources”）。
文体类型多样化
难点：
说明文：步骤类文本（如“湿地修复四阶段”）需匹配步骤说明与总结句。
议论文：观点与论据的对应（如“支持 AI in agriculture”的论据选择）。
二、解题步骤与技巧
1. 通读全文，把握结构与主旨
目标：通过首段、段落首句及结尾句判断文章框架（如“问题-解决方案”）。
技巧：
标记逻辑词：如“For example”（举例）、“However”（转折）、“In conclusion”（总结）。
预测空白功能：根据上下文猜测空缺句的作用（如承上启下、总结观点）。
2. 定位关键词与代词
策略：
代词指代：找到代词（it, they, this）在上下文中的指代对象（如“this technology”指前文的“AI
monitoring system”）。
重复词匹配：选项中的关键词与上下文重复（如“carbon neutrality”在段落中多次出现）。
示例：
空白前句：“The local government introduced a new policy.”
选项：“This policy aims to reduce industrial pollution.” → “this”指代“policy”。
3. 分析逻辑关系
常见逻辑类型：
逻辑关系 信号词 解题技巧
因果 because, therefore 选项需解释前因后果
转折 however, but 选项与前句形成对比或反驳
递进 furthermore, moreover 选项补充前句的进一步信息
举例 for instance, such as 选项提供具体案例
4. 排除干扰项
排除方法：
内容正确但逻辑错位：跳过与当前段落无关的选项。
绝对化表述：如“All villages have accepted the policy”可能被“Most villages”否定。
5. 检查连贯性
验证方法：
代入法：将选项代入空白处，通读确认逻辑是否通顺。
代词呼应：确保代词（they, it）在上下文中指代明确。
三、2025 年预测趋势与创新题型
1. 命题方向
本土科技与文化融合：
案例：湘绣非遗工坊的数字化升级（技术步骤+文化意义）。
预测题目：选择衔接“技术挑战”与“解决方案”的句子。
跨学科实践：
文本类型：地理+科技（如“张家界峰林保护中的卫星遥感应用”）。
问题示例：匹配“数据收集”与“结果分析”的段落衔接句。
2. 创新题型示例
多模态五选四：
文本：非遗银饰制作流程图 + 文字说明 → 选择匹配步骤与工具的句子。
观点与论据匹配：
段落 1：“Supporters argue AI improves farming efficiency.”
段落 2：“Critics worry about data privacy risks.”
选项需匹配支持与反对观点的论据。
3. 易错点警示
过度依赖关键词：仅因选项含原文词汇而误选（如“solar energy”可能为干扰项）。
忽略段落主旨：未判断段落核心话题导致选错衔接句。
逻辑误判：混淆“举例”与“因果”（如选项为案例，但上下文需因果关系）。
四、备考建议
1. 分主题强化训练
高频主题库：
主题 必备逻辑信号词
非遗科技化 Furthermore, However, In conclusion
主题 必备逻辑信号词
生态保护 Therefore, As a result, For example
乡村振兴 Meanwhile, On the other hand
2. 积累本土表达与逻辑词
文化类：Huxiang Spirit（湖湘精神）、intangible cultural heritage（非遗）。
逻辑类：Consequently（因此）、Nevertheless（然而）、Specifically（具体而言）。
3. 限时模拟与错题复盘
训练方法：
每篇限时 6-8 分钟，先通读全文再逐空解题。
错题本记录错误类型（如逻辑误判、代词误指）。
4. 长难句与段落结构分析
练习方向：
拆分长难句，标注主谓宾与逻辑修饰成分。
用思维导图梳理段落结构（如总分、对比）。
总结：2025 年湖南中考“五选四”将聚焦本土文化科技化与生态保护实践，突出逻辑衔接与
代词指代能力。考生需强化段落结构分析、逻辑信号词敏感度及本土词汇积累，通过限时模
拟提升解题速度，关注“非遗数字化”“乡村振兴”等热点主题。
【基础试题】
A
阅读短文，从下面所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。
Every one of us has a chance to try new things. When we try something new, there’s always
the risk. 1
For example, we may try a food we have never had before, and we don’t like the food
finally. We may try a new style of music and get a headache. We may try a new sport like skating
and end up falling down a lot. 2 We may try to speak or write a different language and
end up getting into an embarrassing (使人尴尬的) situation.
It sounds risky to us. 3 For example, we can try a new food, and we fall in love
with it finally. We may try a new sport and fall down but we get back up and finally experience
pleasure, even for a minute. We may see why people love that sport so much.
If we try a new kind of music, we may regret we didn’t find it sooner. We can see a new
kind of art and may be surprised at its beauty. We can try to write or speak a different language,
and we may be a little embarrassed at first, but we know that the only way to improve is to make
mistakes and keep on trying.
4 Then you will have chances to get rewards (回报).
A．How can we try a new sport
B．But it is not so bad to take risks.
C．All in all, keep trying something new.
D．The risk is that we will not be satisfied with our choice.
E．We may see a different kind of art and be completely disappointed.
B
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选
项。
A person has two ears but only one mouth. That means we should listen, not just talk. The
word “listen” has the same letters as the word “silent”. Listening silently is a good quality (品质)
that we should have. Then why is it important to be a good listener
1
When someone is sad or angry, he may show his poor feelings. At this moment, we need to
listen silently first until he gets calm (冷静的). Then we may have a good talk with him. Maybe it
is a good way to help him out.
Listening is a kind of love.
For example, we may think our parents are always talking too much. But in fact, they do so
because they are worried about our health or just expect to help us if we have difficulty in our
study. 2 A loving silence is often more powerful than words.
Listening is a kind of politeness.
Sometimes we just want others to listen to us but forget to listen to others. 3 In
order to show our politeness and respect (尊重), we’d better listen to others first. Then we can tell
them our ideas.
Listening sounds easy, but it’s not. So we should learn to listen with our ears and hearts as
much as we can. 4
A．That’s not polite.
B．Listening is really helpful.
C．We should follow their advice.
D．Let’s try to make ourselves good listeners from now on.
E．If we listen silently and patiently, our parents will feel our love and care.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从短文后的五个选项中选出能够填入短文空白处的最佳选项，
选项中有一项为多余选项，并将其代表字母涂在答题卡（纸）的相应位置。
Many young people have trouble communicating with their parents. 1
First, make a list of the things you and your parents disagree about most. With each of these
things, try to find an answer acceptable to both you and your parents. 2 You have to be
ready to change a little if you want them to change.
Second, talk to your parents when it is convenient for them. Remember that your parents
may have to work long hours and this can make them tired, so be patient with them.
Third, listen to what your parents have to say. How can you expect them to listen to you if
you are not ready to listen to them In addition, your parents were once young like you, 3
4 Talk with your parents and find out their reasons. Part of growing up is
learning to live with these kinds of disagreements, and learning to understand another person’s
way of looking at things.
With a little hard work, you can learn to communicate better with your parents.
A．if you do not get a satisfactory result, try not to get too angry.
B．In the end, you can communicate with your parents if you want.
C．so they understand your situation better than you expect.
D．However, there are some very useful tips to help solve this problem.
E．It is no good for you to require everything to go your way.
【提升试题】
A
阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一
项是多余项。
Did you know that some people in Britain live in boats instead of houses It’s too expensive
to buy a house. So people choose the “floating (漂浮的) houses”. There were over 35,000 boats
on rivers in England and Wales in 2022. 1
Liam Quinn is a 37-year-old musician. 2 “I loved waking up to the water and
swans (天鹅). One month, I’d be in the heart of the city; the next, I parked next to cows in the
countryside,” he said.
A small boat costs between 50,000 pounds (about 456,000 yuan) and 100,000 pounds.
3 In the richest places, the price of an apartment averages around 600,000 pounds.
4 Quinn had to move his boat every two weeks and clean the toilet every day.
Still, Qunn loved his watery home. “You learn to fix things and make friends with others.
Everyone is friendly and helpful!” he said.
A．But boat life isn’t all fun.
B．He lived happily on a narrowboat (运河船) for five years in London.
C．It’s so expensive that he can’t afford to buy one.
D．Many are people’s main homes.
E．That’s cheaper than buying an apartment in London.
B
阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一项是多余的
Some of the jobs which were common fifty years ago are almost not seen now, and some
that are popular today may disappear in twenty years. 1
Space tour guide
People have been expecting an exciting travel in space. It will soon come true for many
people. Anyone who wants to see the Sun rising and setting over the Earth will be able to take
trips to space. And for a trip of this kind, travelers will need a tour guide—someone who can
explain to them what they are seeing and help keep them safe. 2
AI psychologist (心理学家)
AI is used for more and more practical work. And machines will become more humanlike.
3 An AI psychologist would need to understand about both psychology and technology. It
would be this person’s job to make sure that future supercomputers worked well.
Human-technology integration (融合) specialist
With all the new technologies on offer, people may need help to understand and use them.
So human-technology integration specialists might be very important 4 They would
look at all the technologies a person could use and advise on the best ones and how to get the most
out of them.
A．It is necessary to learn geography well.
B．They will need engineers for their “minds”
C．They could teach others how to use future technologies.
D．So have you ever wondered what future jobs might be wanted
E．The person who will do this job has to be a good communicator.
B
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选
项。
Travel companies like Conde Nast Traveller have shared their 2025 travel trends (趋势)
guesses. These trends show how people want meaningful experiences from their trips.
Have fun at night.
This trend is about enjoying travel at night. Travelers can do activities like watching starts.
As the world gets hotter, many people find it uncomfortable to go out during the day, especially in
summer. 1 Some activities center on the night sky, while others are on the ground—
like night city walks or beach meals under a full moon.
Live longer and healthier.
People are very interested in living longer and healthier lives. In 2025, more people will
plan trips around activities that help them live longer. 2 This treatment uses red light to
make skin look better. Studies show that being with others makes people healthier. So many travel
places now offer activities like group walks.
3
Sometimes, traveling to smaller, less famous places can be fun. Tom Barber, a leader from
the travel company Original Travel, said that in Europe, taking trains helps people find these
places easily. When you look at a train timetable, you can find many interesting little stops to visit.
In 2025, travel won’t just be about having fun. 4
A．Visit hidden places.
B．Take trains to spend less money.
C．They prefer to do fun activities in the cooler evenings.
D．It will be about finding new experiences and staying healthy.
E．For example, people will visit places that offer red light treatment.
【拔高试题】
A
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余
选项。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. 1 As
the seventh term of the year, Beginning of Summer, or Lixia in Chinese, usually falls on May 5th,
6th or 7th. It marks the beginning of the hot summer.
2 In ancient times, people held a special ceremony on this day. They decorated
their houses with fresh flowers and fruits, and offered sacrifices (祭祀) to the God of Summer.
These activities showed their respect for nature and their hope for a good harvest.
In modern society, although many traditional customs have become less popular, some
interesting traditions still remain. 3 They believe that doing this can bring them good
luck and protect them from heat in summer. Also, in some areas, people have the custom of
weighing themselves on the day of Beginning of Summer. 4 If a person has lost weight
during the spring, they will try to eat more in summer to get stronger.
Beginning of Summer is not only a time to experience traditional culture but also a
reminder to enjoy the beauty of each season. Let’s discover more about these wonderful solar
terms!
A．People believe that the result of the weighing shows their health condition.
B．Each solar term has its own features and cultural meanings.
C．For example, some children wear colorful eggs on their arms.
D．This term plays an important role in farming activities.
E．The temperature often rises quickly and there may be more rain during this period.
B
Tips for Writing Better Articles
Many of us don't spend a lot of time improving our writing skills. This can be a problem
when we hand in our articles. Good writing skills will help us improve our grades and benefit us
later in life. 1 .
Make good word choices. When we're not sure which word is the right one for a sentence,
look it up in a dictionary. Many of us choose words in a hurry and don't take the time to decide if
they're proper. 2 .
Check facts. If we want people to believe what we write, we must make sure our facts are
true. We should use dependable facts.
Rewrite. A common problem is that we don't like to rewrite. In fact rewriting is the best
way to find out and correct some mistakes, like grammar and spelling mistakes. 3 though
it takes more time and more work.
Read aloud. Sometimes it's easier to find problems with spelling, word usage, and grammar
when we read aloud. Reading aloud helps us not only find out our problems but also develop our
writing.
4 Preparing a list is necessary for writing a good article. Such a list includes: Is
there a proper title Have we explained every point Are all the parts of the article included This
can help us to make sure that we have covered everything.
It is not easy to become a better writer. But with a few simple steps, we can improve our
writing skills and learn how to write better articles.
A．Prepare a list
B．The following tips can be helpful
C．Rewriting makes our writing better
D．So practice writing as much as you can
E．Good word choices are necessary for good writing
C
阅读下面短文，从短文后方框中所给的五个句子中选出四个，分别填入文中相应的序号后，
使短文语义连贯，结构完整。
Do you get angry when your friends sing loudly while you are trying to work or when your
best friend does not wait for you after school
1 . Getting angry with others can cause you to lose friends.
Gary Egeberg, an American high school teacher, has written My Feelings Are Like Wild
Animals to help you control your feelings. It tells how to stay cool when bad things happen.
The book says that getting angry only makes problems worse. 2 . “Getting angry is
not a natural way to act,” the book says, “It’s just a bad habit, like smoking.”
The book says you can control your anger easily – all you have to do is to tell yourself not
to be angry.
The book gives many tips to help you if you get angry easily. 3 .
◆ Keep a record. When you get angry, write down why you are angry. Look at it later and
you will see you get angry too easily.
◆ Ask your friends to stop talking to you when you get angry. This will teach you not to be
angry.
◆ 4 . When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else. Try
to laugh.
A．Here are the top three
B．Do something different
C．It can nevermake them better
D．You may ask how to use the tips
E．If you do, you need to control your feelings
