广东省深圳市罗湖区深圳中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读理解
This is where you can explore unknown and the most interesting facts about our living planet, the universe, and people's lifestyles. Here are some top unmissable festivals from around the world.
Rio Carnival, Brazil
It is a five-day festival which takes place forty days before Easter. Rio de Janeiro has earned its title as the Carnival capital of the world with its famous samba dancing. colorful eye-catching costumes and live music.
Holi Festival, India
Holi is a Hindu spring festival, also known as the "festival of colors". It is a sign of the victory of good over evil, the end of winter, and the arrival of spring. Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing colored powder and water at each other.
St. Patrick's Day, Ireland
Held on March 17 every year, it is a celebration to mark the death of Ireland's patron saint (守护神) Saint Patrick. Since 1996, an entire festival of parades, fireworks as well as food and drinks has surrounded the celebration. Enjoy traditional songs and dances, watch musical street theater shows and get dressed in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage and culture.
Burning Man Festival United States
As a week-long event at the end of August in the Black Rock Desert of Nevada, it attracts tens of thousands of people from all over the world each year. Tickets to Burning Man are not cheap. But once you're there, you will surely have an unforgettable experience. The main event is burning a giant wooden statue on Saturday night, followed by a big dance party that lasts all night long.
1．Which of the following is NOT presented on St. Patrick's Day
A．Classic tunes and dances. B．Street theater performances.
C．Traditional art exhibitions. D．Green costumes.
2．Which festival lasts the longest in celebration
A．Rio Carnival. B．Holi Festival.
C．St. Patrick's D．Burning Man Festival.
3．What do the festivals have in common
A．There is no need to buy tickets.
B．People are all dressed in traditional clothes.
C．Dance is a generally accepted way to celebrate.
D．They center on specific religious customs.
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读理解
I had a quick short stay in Detroit Airport before heading home. Knowing my gate number, I got there with 5 minutes to spare and stood waiting for "Gate 3" to be called.
I was already very tired and had an important call scheduled for an hour after I was set to get home. But then I heard the announcement, "It seems we have overbooked the flight. Would anyone care to volunteer to stay for the later departure in 4 hours " And the gate attendant was anxiously waiting for someone to volunteer.
I looked around and saw businessmen needing to work, moms needing to meet their kids, kids needing to see their friends. Even though I wanted to be home just as much as anyone, something inside me said that I should extend some kindness to this group of strangers.
I picked up my bag, approached the desk, and told the gate attendant my decision. Smile spread on the face of her. As she was processing my ticket, I was happy to see all the other passengers could now board their flight and I had been able to help. The attendant handed me my boarding pass for the later flight and another piece of paper, then said, "This is for your kindness." I saw that it was a 700-dollar voucher to fly anywhere in the world during the next year!
I got to my new gate and took a seat next to a power outlet so that my laptop would make it through the extra four hours. 1 rescheduled that important call. And then I got a lot of work done, which was a wonderful silver lining.
When my flight started boarding, I was surprised to discover that my new boarding pass was for a seat in first class. I thought about how grateful I was for everything that had happened, and how it was all because of the chain effects of kindness. I gave with the intention to serve others, with no thought of reward, and that kindness was returned to me with an amazing upgrade.
4．The airport announcement was made to ____.
A．ask someone to take next flight
B．give information about a delayed flight
C．inform that the flight was about to take off
D．tell passengers the flight had been cancelled
5．What made the author off or to volunteer
A．A reward of 700 dollars
B．An offer of first-class seat.
C．The request of the attendant.
D．His concern about other passengers.
6．How did the author think about his extra 4-hour stay at the airport
A． B．Challenging but acceptable.
C．Satisfying and efficient. D．Relaxing and worthwhile.
7．What is the best title of the passage
A．Every Effort Counts B．Time Is Treasure
C．Patience Is Appreciated D．Kindness Gives Back
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读理解
Science should guide policy, but caution is needed when technologies like CRISPR, have the potential to exclude rather than assist people to live their lives.
CRISPR can be used to treat disease. Yet the far-reaching, more worrying promise of this technology, about which scientists seem both excited and cautious, is its ability to remove from the gene pool what medical science identifies as faulty or abnormal genes that cause difference in individual people. The promise of CRISPR logically aims to eradicate harmful diseases in future generations, making it an unquestionable pursuit.
This logic is consistent with wider society views. Many people think taking away genetic differences seen as faults is a clear "good". Editing out a gene-linked condition, supporters may argue, is different from editing out a person, and curing disease is a good thing. But our genetic conditions cannot be simply cut away from us because they form a fundamental part of who we are.
Communications scholar James L. Chemey describes this act of using tools to control genes and select certain traits as "common sense" discrimination — a belief that aims to remove what it sees as undesirable human differences, much like past campaigns to remove those considered less valuable.
However, people with "bad" genes shouldn't be edited out of existence in some version of a utopian (乌托邦的) future. Evaluating the quality of life of another person is morally questionable in a society based on the concept that all people are of equal value regardless of their individual differences.
Expanding diversity in all its forms, including disability, makes our communities stronger. It enriches both our ethical values and biological perspectives by bringing in different viewpoints, experiences, and ideas. This variety helps everyone live together better and thrive together. If CRISPR is used to eliminate the gene pool of genetic differences rather than to treat them, we as a society should not use this tool.
8．According to the author, what is CRISPR
A．It is a necessary evil in treating severe diseases.
B．It is a promising technology to expand diversity.
C． It is a questionable tool for removing faulty genes.
D．It is a logical approach to improving human genes.
9．What does the underlined word "eradicate" mean in paragraph 2
A．Rid. B．Modify. C．Treat. D．Study.
10．Why did the author mention "common sense" discrimination in paragraph 4
A．To prove that all forms of discrimination are harmful.
B．To trace the evolution of genetic selection in history.
C．To offer an example of campaigns to remove bad genes.
D．To argue against society's views about genetic difference.
11．Why is it important to maintain diversity
A．It leads to a more uniform society.
B．It makes it easier to evaluate people's lives.
C．It allows for the removal of genetic differences.
D．It enhances communities and broadens viewpoints.
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读理解
Amold Schwarzenegger, Dia Mirza and Adrian Grenier have a message for you. It's easy to beat plastic. They're part of a bunch of celebrities starring in a new video for World Environment Day — encouraging you, the consumer, to replace plastics, like straws and plates to address the plastics crisis.
The key messages that have been put together for World Environment Day do include a call for governments to make laws to reduce single-use plastics. But the main message is directed at individuals.
My concern with leaving it up to the individual, however, is our limited sense of what needs to be achieved. Taking our own bags to the grocery store or quitting plastic straws, for example, will accomplish little and require very little of us. They could even be negative, satisfying a need to have "done our bit" without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions — a kind of "moral licensing" that cases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.
While discussions about the environment often focus on things like shopping bags and straws, we are overlooking the idea that, as "citizens", we should be demanding that our governments and industries make real changes, rather than just thinking of ourselves as "consumers" who need to shop sustainably.
It's important to acknowledge that the environment isn't everyone's priority, or even most people's. We shouldn't expect it to be. In her latest book, Wellesley College professor Elizabeth R. DeSombre argues that the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is to be structural.
This might mean implementing policy such as a plastic tax that adds a cost to environmentally problematic action. or banning single-use plastics altogether. DeSombre isn't saying people should stop caring about the environment. It's just that individual actions are too slow, she says, to be the only, or even primary, approach to changing widespread behavior.
None of this is about writing off the individual. It's just that we don't have time to wait. We need progressive policies that shape collective action, together with engaged citizens pushing for change.
12．Why do some celebrities star in a new video
A．To demand new laws on the use of plastics.
B．To urge consumers to cut the use of plastics.
C．To invite public opinion on the plastics crisis.
D．To expose the causes of the plastics crisis.
13．What do we know about "moral licensing" in paragraph 3
A．It may mislead us into doing worthless things.
B．It may prevent us from making further efforts.
C．It may weaken our sense of accomplishment.
D．It may hold back our desire for success.
14．What is the best way for a collective change according to DeSombre
A．A win-win arrangement. B．A self-driven system.
C．A cost-effective approach. D．A top-down process.
15．What is the author's view on individual efforts to protect the environment
A．They can be significant.
B．They can be unreasonable.
C．They are far from sufficient.
D．They are the primary solution.
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
As the world's most numerous areas of water, ponds are surprisingly poorly understood. There are millions — possibly billions — of them. 16．
This neglect might not have mattered if it were not for increasing evidence that ponds are extremely important habitats for wildlife. Across many landscapes, they are being shown to support far greater variation of species than rivers and streams. 17． It allows them to have a wider range of conditions than rivers and streams where flowing water tends to homogenized (同质化的) water chemistry.
So why have we failed to notice such a vital part of the natural world A key reason is the misjudgment where humans naturally assume that if something is small, it can't be all that important. 18． We don't realize that these waters have a deeply ancient origin and have existed on Earth as long as there has been land. These misunderstandings have had a big impact on our ability to protect their wildlife. In Europe, for example, the Water Framework Directive mostly excludes any bodies of water smaller than 50 hectares.
19． Last year, the Ramsar Convention introduced a resolution on small wetlands including ponds. And the European Union-funded PONDERFUL project is gathering data on Europe's ponds. However, there remains much to do. As the effects of climate change deepen, plants and animals will increasingly need to move across the landscape to survive. 20． They are easy to make and they develop rapidly, which can help freshwater species adapt over short timescales.
A. We can create ponds as their habitats.
B. And most of us regard them as artificial habitats.
C. They make up much of the global water environment.
D. This biodiversity is partly due to the small size of ponds.
E. Yet modern scientists have paid them very little attention.
F. Viewpoints are changing, fortunately, to the significance of ponds.
G. There is increasing evidence of the importance of ponds for biodiversity.
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A typical lion tamer (驯兽师) in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it's 21． for show. In reality, it's the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face, the lion tries to 22． all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its attention 23． , the lion becomes confused and is 24． about what to do next. When faced with so many 25． , the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man waving the chair.
How often do you find yourself in the same 26． as the lion How often do you have something you want to achieve (e. g. lose weight, start a business, travel more) — only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and 27． to make progress
This 28． me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is the best, the people (you and me) who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the 29． information. The most probable 30． is that we feel like we can't focus or that we're focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be 31． .
It doesn't have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a 32． in your face, remember this: All you need to do is commit to one thing. You just need to 33． . Starting before you feel 34． is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become, take 35． action. In another word, just sweep the chair out of the way and choose what you have to do.
21．A． rarely B． barely C． nearly D． merely
22．A． insist on B． keep on C． rely on D． focus on
23．A． divided B． limited C． extended D． strengthened
24．A． serious B． unsure C． curious D． passionate
25．A． bonds B． notices C． options D． desires
26．A． emotion B． reputation C． position D． generation
27．A． fail B． pretend C． flee D． manage
28．A． frustrates B． relieves C． impresses D． moves
29．A． exchanging B． encouraging C． damaging D． conflicting
30．A． reason B． outcome C． study D． solution
31．A． defending B． confusing C． improving D． weeping
32．A． whip B． meat C． chair D． hand
33．A． kick off B． give off C． go off D． knock off
34．A． ready B． pleasant C． regretful D． frozen
35．A． orderly B． precise C． appropriate D． immediate
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Back then, I was a nervous new father. I felt overwhelmed by parenting books that intended to provide guidance 36． left me confused. I was at a loss about when to feed my son or 37． it was okay to let him sleep as long as he wanted. My friend, May, sensing my anxiety, texted me: "No book can replace your own 38． (observe). Just listen to your son and he 39． (teach) you how to be a father."
That 40． (strike) me because I grew up believing children should not be seen or heard. I took 41． for granted that kids were insignificant and that they didn't know anything. This mindset made me overlook the joys and lessons my son offered in the present. For the sake of tomorrow. I failed to respect 42． might amuse, sadden, amaze, anger and interest him today.
Things changed when I got down on my knees to his level and 43． (simple) listened. He shared his treasures —bird feathers, colored stones —and his dreams of traveling to the South Pole with a classmate.
Seven years later, I still appreciate May's 44． (wise). Listening to my son has freed me from the pressure of parenting books and has deepened our bond, 45． (allow) me to respect who he is today and who he can become.
46．（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 假定你是李华，一名在英国学习的交换生。校方将举办"中国工坊"活动，拟招募烹饪讲师，在现场教授烹饪中国美食。请按照以下提示，写一封申请信，主要内容包括：(1) 写信目的；(2) 对活动的认识：(3) 你的优势。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：中国工坊：Chinese Workshop；烹饪讲师：cooking instructor
Dear Sir/ Madam,
……
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
47．（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Journey to the Old Pine
As the golden sun was sailing higher and higher in the east, casting its warm glow over the town, Emily, a keen photographer, started a solo journey to the famous Old Pine (松树) Scenic Area. Known for its centuries-old pine forests and winding paths, this place had captured her imagination with countless stunning photos. She had longed to witness the beauty of the eldest and tallest tree in person, eager to touch nature in its purest form.
Upon arrival, Emily was attracted by the quietness of the overground pines that towered above, their branches whispering tales of old in the gentle morning breeze. With her camera in hand, she explored deeper into the heart of the forest, each step further exposing her to the lively picture of greens and earthy browns.
The paths of Old Pine were many, weaving through the forest like threads of a vast, tangled (缠结的) web. Initially, Emily followed the marked trails, taking photos of spider webs and squirrels dashing through the underbrush. However, as the morning turned into afternoon, she decided to leave from the beaten path to explore a more hidden area. and to find the eldest and tallest pine in the reserve.
The deeper she wandered, the quieter the forest grew, except for the occasional rustle of leaves and distant birds. Focused on her photography, Emily didn't notice the changing shadows in the forest. She then realized it was getting late but she had not yet found the eldest pine. And she had not only gone off the path but was now thoroughly lost.
A wave of panic surged in her chest. She attempted to go back, hoping to find familiar landmarks, but the forest seemed to have rearranged itself behind her. The trees stood merciless (冷酷的), their trunks like silent guards that offered no guidance. With her phone's signal frustratingly absent in the thick forest, Emily felt helpless.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Emily remembered reading about the importance of staying calm when lost.
……
Suddenly, she spotted a tall tree that looked familiar in one of her photos.
……
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．C
【知识点】细节理解题；应用文；传统节日
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上一些不容错过的节日。分别介绍了巴西狂欢节、印度胡里节、爱尔兰圣帕特里克节和美国黑石沙漠燃烧人节。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．细节理解题。根据St. Patrick's Day, Ireland部分中的"Enjoy traditional songs and dances,
watch musical street theater shows and get dressed in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage and culture. "享受传统的歌曲和舞蹈，观看音乐街头戏剧表演，穿上全绿色的衣服，庆祝爱尔兰的遗产和文化。提到在St. Patrick's Day可以享受传统歌曲和舞蹈观看音乐街头戏剧表演，身着全绿色服装，但未提及传统艺术展览，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Rio Carnival, Brazil部分中的"It is a five-day festival which takes place forty days before Easter."这是一个为期五天的节日，在复活节前40天举行；Holi Festival, India部分中的"Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing colored powder and water at each other. "从人们聚集、唱歌和跳舞的夜间篝火开始，第二天人们互相投掷彩色粉末和水来庆祝胡里节；St. Patrick's Day, Ireland部分中的"Held on March 17 every year, it is a celebration to mark the death of Ireland's patron saint (守护神) Saint Patrick"每年的3月17日，这是纪念爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克去世的庆祝活动；以及Burning Man Festival, United States部分中的"As a week-long event at the end of August in the Black Rock Desert of Nevada, it attracts tens of thousands of people from all over the world each year."每年8月底在内华达州黑岩沙漠举行的为期一周的活动吸引了来自世界各地的成千上万的人。可知，庆祝时间最长的节日是Burning Man Festival。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据Rio Carnival, Brazil部分中的"Rio de Janeiro has earned its title as the Carnival capital of the world with its famous samba dancing, colorful eye-catching costumes and live music."里约热内卢以其著名的桑巴舞、色彩鲜艳、引人注目的服装和现场音乐赢得了"世界狂欢节之都"的称号；Holi Festival, India部分中的"Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing colored powder and water at each other."从人们聚集、唱歌和跳舞的夜间篝火开始，第二天人们互相投掷彩色粉末和水来庆祝胡里节；St. Patrick's Day, Ireland部分中的"Enjoy traditional song and dance, watch musical street theater shows and get decorated in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage and culture."欣赏传统歌舞，观看街头音乐剧表演，在庆祝爱尔兰传统和文化的同时，把自己装扮成绿色；以及Burning Man Festival, United States部分中的"The main event is burning a giant wooden statue on Saturday night, followed by a big dance party that lasts all night long."星期六晚上的主要活动是焚烧一座巨大的木制雕像，然后是一场持续一整夜的大型舞会。可知，四个节日的共同之处在于庆祝方式均涉及跳舞。故选C。
【答案】4．A
5．D
6．C
7．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人生百味类；夹叙夹议；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者乘坐的航班，因超额预定，需要有人自愿改签下一个航班，作者主动表示善意，让其他乘客能如愿登机，在滞留机场的4个小时中，作者高效率完成了很多工作，而这次主动改签，他不但收到了航空公司送的代金券，还坐上了头等舱。小小的善举产生了连锁效应，作者得到了大大的回报。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"But then I heard the announcement, ‘It seems we have overbooked the flight. Would anyone care to volunteer to stay for the later departure in 4 hours ' And the gate attendant was anxiously waiting for someone to volunteer"但随后我听到广播说:"我们的航班似乎超额预定了。"有人愿意为4小时后起飞的飞机留下来吗？门口的服务员正焦急地等着有人来做志愿者。可知，机场广播通知乘客，这个航班因预定人数过多，希望有人自愿放弃乘坐这个航班，改签下一个航班。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段"I looked around and saw businessmen needing to work, moms needing to meet their kids, kids needing to see their friends. Even though I wanted to be home just as much as anyone, something inside me said that I should extend some kindness to this group of strangers."我环顾四周，看到商人们需要工作，妈妈们需要见孩子，孩子们需要见朋友。尽管我和其他人一样想回家，但我内心深处有个声音告诉我，我应该向这群陌生人表达一些善意。可知，作者考虑到其他乘客的需求，主动表示善意，愿意乘坐下一个航班，让其他乘客能如愿登机。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段"I got to my new gate and took a seat next to a power outlet so that my laptop would make it through the extra four hours. 1 rescheduled that important call. And then I got a lot of work done, which was a wonderful silver lining."我到了新登机口，坐在电源插座旁边，这样我的笔记本电脑就能撑过这额外的四个小时。我重新安排了那个重要的电话。然后我完成了很多工作，这是很好的一线希望。可知，作者在机场的四个小时中，干完了好多工作，重新安排了电话时间，结合"a silver lining"可推断，作者认为这4个小时中工作效率不错，整体上是令他满意的。故选C。
7．标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的"I thought about how grateful I was for everything that had happened, and how it was all because of the chain effects of kindness. I gave with the intention to serve others, with no thought of reward, and that kindness was returned to me with an amazing upgrade."我想到我是多么感激所发生的一切，这一切都是因为善良的连锁效应。我的付出是为了服务他人，而不是为了回报，而回报给我的是一种令人惊讶的提升。可推断，"善良回馈"适合作本文标题。故选D。
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．D
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了CRISPR技术在治疗疾病方面的应用及其可能带来的通过去除所谓"缺陷基因"而排除部分人的问题，强调不应使用该技术消除基因差异，而应保持多样性，因为多样性能增强社区并拓宽观点。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Yet the far - reaching, more worrying promise of this technology...is its ability to remove from the gene pool what medical science identifies as faulty or abnormal genes that cause difference in individual people."然而，科学家们似乎既兴奋又谨慎的是，这项技术的深远、更令人担忧的前景是，它能够从基因库中删除医学界认为导致个体差异的有缺陷或异常的基因。可知，CRISPR技术有去除基因池中被医学认定为有缺陷或异常基因的能力，但作者对此表示担忧，所以作者认为CRISPR是一种用于去除有缺陷基因的可疑工具。故选C。
9．词义猜测题。根据二段中的"The promise of CRISPR logically aims to eradicate harmful diseases in future generations"CRISPR的承诺在逻辑上旨在消除后代的有害疾病，结合上下文，CRISPR的目的是在未来几代人中消除有害疾病，划线词eradicate是"根除、消灭"之意，故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段"Communications scholar James L. Chemey describes this act of using tools to control genes and select certain traits as ‘common sense' discrimination — a belief that aims to remove what it sees as undesirable human differences, much like past campaigns to remove those considered less valuable. "传播学者James L. Chemey将这种使用工具控制基因和选择某些特征的行为描述为"常识"歧视——这种信念旨在消除它认为不可取的人类差异，就像过去消除那些被认为价值较低的差异的运动一样。可推知提到"common sense"歧视是为了论证社会上认为去除所谓不良人类差异（如去除有缺陷基因）这种观点是不对的，是与社会基于人人平等的价值观相悖的，是为了反对社会关于基因差异的观点，故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Expanding diversity in all its forms, including disability,
makes our communities stronger. It enriches both our ethical values and biological perspectives by bringing in different viewpoints, experiences, and ideas. This variety helps everyone live together better and thrive together. "扩大各种形式的多样性，包括残疾，使我们的社区更加强大。它通过引入不同的观点、经验和想法，丰富了我们的伦理价值观和生物学观点。这种多样性有助于每个人更好地生活在一起，共同繁荣。可推知保持多样性能够增强社区并且拓宽观点，故选D。
【答案】12．B
13．B
14．D
15．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了应对塑料危机的方式。指出虽然世界环境日倡导包括名人呼吁消费者减少塑料使用，但作者认为仅靠个人努力是不够的，政府应出台政策（如对塑料征税、禁止单次使用塑料制品等）来推动集体行动，同时公民也应积极参与推动变革。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"It's easy to beat plastic. They're part of a bunch of celebrities starring in a new video for World Environment Day — encouraging you, the consumer, to replace plastics, like straws and plates to address the plastics crisis."很容易打败塑料。他们是世界环境日新视频中众多名人中的一员，该视频鼓励消费者更换塑料，如吸管和盘子，以解决塑料危机。可知，一些名人出演新视频是为了敦促消费者减少塑料的使用，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"They could even be negative, satisfying a need to have 'done our bit' without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions — a kind of 'moral licensing' that cases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge."，它们甚至可能是消极的，满足了"尽自己的一份力量"的需要，而没有采取更大、更大胆、更有效的行动——一种"道德许可"，它解决了我们的担忧，阻止我们做更多的事情，并要求更多的负责人。可知"道德许可"可能会阻止我们做出更多努力，只满足于做了很小的事情而没有进一步行动，故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段中的"DeSombre argues that the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is to be structural."DeSombre认为，集体改变大量人行为的最佳方式是结构性的；以及第六段中的"This might mean implementing policy such as a plastic tax that adds a cost to environmentally problematic action, or banning single - use plastics altogether."这可能意味着实施塑料税等政策，增加环境问题行动的成本，或完全禁止一次性塑料。可知，DeSombre认为集体变革的最佳方式是通过政策等自上而下的过程，故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第四段"while discussions about the environment often focus on things like shopping bags and straws, we are overlooking the idea that, as 'citizens', we should be demanding that our governments and industries make real changes, rather than just thinking of ourselves as 'consumers' who need to shop sustainably."虽然关于环境的讨论往往集中在购物袋和吸管上，但我们忽略了这样一个想法，即作为"公民"，我们应该要求我们的政府和行业做出真正的改变，而不仅仅是把自己看作需要可持续购物的"消费者"；以及第六段中的"It's just that individual actions are too slow, she says, to be the only, or even primary, approach to changing widespread behavior."她说，只是个人行动太慢，无法成为改变普遍行为的唯一甚至主要方法。可知，作者认为个人保护环境的努力远远不够，还需要政府出台政策和公民积极推动变革，故选C。
【答案】16．E；17．D；18．B；19．F；20．A
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了池塘在全球水环境中数量众多却被严重忽视的现象，阐述池塘对野生动物栖息地的重要性（包括池塘具有丰富的生物多样性及其原因），并提及人们对池塘重视不足的原因，最后讲述目前对于池塘重视情况有所改变，但仍有很多工作要做。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"ponds are surprisingly poorly understood. There are millions — possibly billions — of them."池塘被惊人地误解了。它们有数百万甚至数十亿个。强调池塘数量众多，C. They make up much of the global water environment."它们构成了大部分的全球水环境。"承接上文，进一步说明池塘在全球水环境中的占比情况，符合语境，故选E。
17．根据空后"It allows them to have a wider range of conditions than rivers and streams where flowing water tends to homogenized (同质化的) water chemistry."它使它们比河流和溪流有更广泛的条件范围，河流和溪流中流动的水往往会使水质同质化。这里的"it"指代池塘的某种特性，D. This biodiversity is partly due to the small size of ponds."这种生物多样性部分归因于池塘的小尺寸。解释了池塘生物多样性的原因，符合语境，故选D。
18．根据空前"A key reason is the misjudgment where humans naturally assume that if something is small, it can't be all that important. "一个关键原因是误判，人类自然会认为，如果事情很小，就不可能那么重要。提到人类对池塘的误解，认为小的东西不重要，B. And most of us regard them as artificial habitats."我们大多数人认为它们是人工栖息地。"进一步阐述了人们对池塘的错误看法，是对人类误解池塘的具体补充，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
19．上文提到人们对池塘重视不足的情况；以及空后举例说明现在对池塘重视情况有所改变，如《湿地公约》引入关于小湿地的决议，欧盟资助的项目收集池塘数据等，F. Viewpoints are changing, fortunately, to the significance of ponds."幸运的是，关于池塘重要性的观点正在改变。"承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
20．根据空前"As the effects of climate change deepen, plants and animals will increasingly need to move across the landscape to survive. "随着气候变化影响的加深，动植物需要在景观中移动以生存；以及空后"They are easy to make and they develop rapidly, which can help freshwater species adapt over short timescales."它们易于制造，发展迅速，可以帮助淡水物种在短时间内适应。A. We can create ponds as their habitats."我们可以创建池塘作为它们的栖息地。"提出了解决办法，承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
【答案】21．D；22．D；23．A；24．B；25．C；26．C；27．A；28．A；29．D；30．B；31．C；32．C；33．A；34．A；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了狮子驯兽师使用椅子来分散狮子注意力，引出人们在面对众多选择时容易困惑，无法采取行动的问题，并给出了建议：只需要专注于一件事，立即采取行动。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：鞭子吸引了所有的注意力，但它仅仅是为了表演。A： rarely"几乎不"；B： barely"勉强可能，几乎不"；C： nearly"几乎"；D： merely"仅仅"。根据下文"In reality, it's the chair that does the important work."事实上，是椅子做了重要的工作。可知，实际上重要的是椅子，鞭子仅仅是用来表演的。故选D。
22．句意：当驯兽师把椅子举在狮子面前时，狮子会试图同时盯住椅子的四条腿。A： insist on"坚持"；B： keep on"继续"；C： rely on"依靠"；D： focus on"专注于"。根据下文"With its attention..."可知，狮子会试图同时专注于椅子的四条腿。故选D。
23．句意：它的注意力被分散了，狮子变得困惑，不知道下一步该做什么。A： divided"分开"；B： limited"限制"；C： extended"延伸"；D： strengthened"加强"。根据上文"the lion tries to 2 all four legs of the chair at the same time"可知，狮子试图同时专注于椅子的四条腿，所以它的注意力被分散了。故选A。
24．句意：它的注意力被分散了，狮子变得困惑，不确定下一步该做什么。A： serious"严肃的"；B： unsure"不确定的"；C： curious"好奇的"；D： passionate"热情的"。根据空前"the lion becomes confused"可知，狮子变得困惑，所以不确定下一步该做什么。故选B。
25．句意：当面对如此多的选择时，狮子选择停住不动并等待，而不是攻击挥舞椅子的人。A： bonds "纽带"；B： notices"通知"；C： options"选择"；D： desires"欲望"。根据上文"the lion tries to 2 all four legs of the chair at the same time"狮子试图同时专注于椅子的四条腿；以及下文"only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you"结果却被眼前的所有选择弄糊涂了。可知，狮子试图同时专注于椅子的四条腿，这对狮子来说有很多选择。故选C。
26．句意：你发现自己处于和狮子一样的处境有多频繁？A： emotion"情感"；B： reputation"名声"；C： position"位置，处境"；D： generation"一代"。根据空后"as the lion "；以及下文"How often do you have something you want to achieve (e. g. lose weight, start a business, travel more) — only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you"你多久会有一次想要实现的目标（例如减肥、创业、多旅行），结果却被面前的所有选择弄糊涂了。可知，此处指人处于和狮子一样的处境，面对众多选择感到困惑。故选C。
27．句意：你有多少次想要实现某件事（比如减肥、创业、多旅行），结果却被面前的所有选择弄得一头雾水，无法取得进展？A： fail"失败，未能做成"；B： pretend"假装"；C： flee"逃离"；D： manage"管理"。根据空前"only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you"可知，被面前的所有选择弄得一头雾水，所以未能取得进展。故选A。
28．句意：这让我非常沮丧，因为当所有专家都在忙着争论哪个选项最好时，那些想要改善生活的人（你和我）却被所有相互矛盾的信息弄得一头雾水。A： frustrates"使沮丧"；B： relieves"缓解"；C： impresses"使印象深刻"；D： moves"移动"。根据空后"while all the experts are busy debating about which option is the best, the people (you and me) who want to improve their lives are left confused"可知，专家在争论，想要改善生活的人却被弄得一头雾水，所以这让作者非常沮丧。故选A。
29．句意：这让我非常沮丧，因为当所有专家都在忙着争论哪个选项最好时，那些想要改善生活的人（你和我）却被所有相互矛盾的信息弄得一头雾水。A： exchanging"交换"；B： encouraging"鼓舞人心的"；C： damaging"造成损害的，产生不良影响的"；D： conflicting"冲突的，矛盾的"。根据空前"while all the experts are busy debating about which option is the best"可知，专家在争论哪个选项最好，说明信息是相互矛盾的。故选D。
30．句意：最可能的结果是，我们觉得自己无法集中注意力，或者我们关注错了事情，所以我们采取的行动更少，取得的进步更少，当我们本可以进步的时候，我们却保持不变。A： reason"原因"；B： outcome"结果"；C： study"研究"；D： solution"解决方案"。根据空后"we feel like we can't focus or that we're focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress"可知，此处阐述选择太多最可能带来的结果。故选B。
31．句意：最可能的结果是，我们觉得自己无法集中注意力，或者我们关注错了事情，所以我们采取的行动更少，取得的进步更少，当我们本可以进步的时候，我们却保持不变。A： defending"辩护"；B： confusing"使困惑"；C： improving"改善，进步"；D： weeping"哭泣"。根据空前"we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same"可知，此处指由于选择太多，导致无法集中注意力或关注错事情，我们采取更少的行动，在本可以进步的时候却仍保持不变。故选C。
32．句意：每当你发现世界在你面前挥舞着椅子时，记住这一点：你所要做的就是专注于一件事。A： whip"鞭子"；B： meat"肉"；C： chair"椅子"；D： hand"手"。根据上文"When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face"当驯狮师把椅子放在狮子面前时；以及空前"Anytime you find the world waving..."每当你发现世界在挥手，可知，作者把我们面对的情况与狮子面对的情况进行了类比，此处指世界在你面前挥舞着"椅子"，即面临很多选择。故选C。
33．句意：你只需要开始行动。A： kick off"开始"；B： give off"发出"；C： go off"爆炸"；D： knock off"撞倒"。根据上文"All you need to do is commit to one thing."你需要做的就是承诺一件事；以及下文"Starting before you feel 14 is one of the habits of successful people."在你觉得准备好之前就开始是成功人士的习惯之一。可知，专注于一个目标，开始行动是成功的关键。故选A。
34．句意：在准备好之前就开始行动是成功人士的习惯之一。A： ready"准备好的"；B： pleasant"愉快的"；C： regretful"后悔的"；D： frozen"冷冻的，惊呆的"。根据上文"so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be 11 "；以及"All you need to do is commit to one thing. You just need to 13 ."可知，作者建议专注于一个目标，就开始行动，并不一定非要等到准备好。故选A。
35．句意：如果你想去某个地方，想完成某件事，想成为某个人，立即采取行动。A： orderly"有序的"；B： precise"精确的"；C： appropriate"适当的"；D： immediate"立即的"。根据上文"Starting before you feel 14 is one of the habits of successful people."以及下文"In another word, just sweep the chair out of the way and choose what you have to do."可知，成功人士的习惯之一是在准备好之前就开始行动，所以此处指立即采取行动。故选D。
【答案】36．but；37．whether；38．observation；39．will teach；40．struck；41．it；42．what/ whatever；43．simply；44．wisdom；45．allowing
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者从最初被育儿书籍困扰不知如何养育儿子，到在朋友的影响下学会倾听儿子的心声，从而获得父子间更深的情感联结并摆脱育儿书籍压力的转变过程，强调了倾听孩子在成长过程中的重要性。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及连词，疑问词，名词，时态，代词，宾语从句，副词，名词，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：我被那些旨在提供指导但却让我感到困惑的育儿书籍压得喘不过气来。"intended to provide guidance "和" left me confused"存在转折关系，表示"但是"，故填but。
37．句意：我不知道什么时候该喂儿子，或者是否可以让他想睡多久就睡多久。 it was okay to let him sleep是宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，结合句意应用whether引导，故填whether。
38．句意：没有哪本书能取代你自己的观察。 observe "观察"，动词，此处需要其名词observation，"观察"作replace的宾语，不可数，故填observation。
39．句意：只要倾听你的儿子，他就会教你如何做父亲。teach"教"，动词。此句是"祈使句 + and + 简单句"的结构，简单句常用一般将来时，故填will teach。
40．句意：这让我很受触动，因为我从小就认为孩子不应该被看见或听见。strike"突然想到，想到，触动"，此处是谓语动词，描述的是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。strike的过去式是struck，故填struck。
41．句意：我认为理所当然的是，孩子们是微不足道的，并且他们什么都不知道。此处为固定句型take it for granted that…"想当然地认为……"，故填it。
42．句意：我没能尊重今天可能让他感到开心、悲伤、惊讶、生气和感兴趣的事物。 might amuse, sadden, amaze, anger and interest him today是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意应用what/ whatever。故填what/ whatever。
43．句意：当我跪下来，放低姿态去倾听时，情况发生了变化。simple"简单的"，形容词。此处需要其副词simply"仅仅"，修饰动词listened，作状语，故填simply。
44．句意：七年后，我仍然感激May的智慧。 wise "明智的"，形容词。此处需要其名词wisdom
"智慧"，作appreciate的宾语，不可数，故填wisdom。
45．句意：倾听我的儿子使我摆脱了育儿书籍的压力，加深了我们之间的感情，让我能够尊重他今天的样子以及他将来能成为什么样的人。allow"允许"，动词，此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。allow与逻辑主语listening之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，故填allowing。
46．【答案】Dear Sir/ Madam,
Our school will hold an activity titled "China Workshop", and plans to recruit cooking instructors to teach cooking Chinese food on site. I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer.
Being an outgoing student, I've been looking forward to making friends with foreigners and enhancing my social skill. After a careful consideration, I think I'm qualified for the job. For one thing, I' m good at cooking Chinese food, which plays an important role in teaching foreign students to how to cook Chinese food. For another, I have a good command of the history of Chinese cuisine.
I'd be appreciative if you could take my application into account.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封申请信，目的是申请成为"中国工坊"活动的烹饪讲师。考生需要清晰地表明写信的意图，即申请成为"中国工坊"活动的烹饪讲师，对"中国工坊"活动有一定的了解，并在申请信中表达出对活动的支持和参与热情。旨在推广中国文化，特别是中国美食文化，以及活动对于增进中外文化交流的重要性。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Our school will hold an activity titled "China Workshop", and plans to recruit cooking instructors to teach cooking Chinese food on site.运用了过 去分词作状语，不定式作宾语，不定式作目的状语； I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer.运用了不定式作目的状语；After a careful consideration, I think I'm qualified for the job. 运用了宾语从句； For one thing, I' m good at cooking Chinese food, which plays an important role in teaching foreign students to how to cook Chinese food.运用了非限制性定语从句；I'd be appreciative if you could take my application into account.运用了条件状语从句。
47．【答案】 Emily remembered reading about the importance of staying calm when lost. She took a deep breath and tried to recall the direction of the sun. Since it was afternoon, the sun was in the west. She decided to walk in a direction that she hoped would lead her to a more open area or a path. She also started marking the trees with small scratches as she passed, so that she wouldn't retrace her steps in circles. Every now and then, she stopped to listen for any sounds that might indicate human presence or a water source.
Suddenly she spotted a tall tree that looked familiar in one of her photos. Her heart leaped with hope. She quickly compared the surrounding scenery with the photo in her memory. It seemed she was on the right track. She followed the direction the tree pointed in and walked with renewed energy. After a while, she heard the faint sound of voices. Pushing through a thicket of bushes, she finally emerged onto a well-trodden path. There, she saw a group of hikers. Relieved, she asked for help and was guided back to the entrance of the Old Pine Scenic Area. This experience made her realize that even in the face of panic, calmness and resourcefulness could lead one out of a difficult situation.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Emily，一个敏锐的摄影师，一个人去著名的老松树风景区的旅行，她被高耸的松树的静谧和壮丽所吸引。最初，Emily沿着标记的路径，拍摄露珠吻的蜘蛛网和松鼠在灌木丛中奔跑的照片。然而，当上午变成下午时，她决定离开人迹罕至的小路，去探索一个更隐蔽的地方，据说那里有保护区内最古老、最雄伟的松树。就在她离开的途中，她迷路了；她无法找到熟悉的地标。.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"Emily记起在书中读到过迷路时保持冷静的重要性。"可知，第一段可描写Emily在迷路的过程中如何保持冷静。②由第二段首句内容"Emily突然注意到一棵在之前照片中见过的熟悉的高树"可知，第二段可描写通过这棵树，Emily回忆起之前拍摄这张照片时的位置和路线，Emily沿着记忆中的路线前进，最终成功找到了回家的路或遇到了救援人员。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】该读后续写内容紧凑而富有张力，Emily的形象也因此变得鲜活而立体。她的经历告诉我们，在面对困境时，保持冷静、运用智慧并勇敢前行，往往能够找到解决问题的办法。同时，故事也提醒我们，在探索未知或面对挑战时，做好充分的准备和保持警惕是至关重要的。文中有一些好的词句，例如：Since it was afternoon, the sun was in the west. 运用了原因状语从句； She decided to walk in a direction that she hoped would lead her to a more open area or a path. 运用了不定式作宾语从句，限制性定语从句；She also started marking the trees with small scratches as she passed, so that she wouldn't retrace her steps in circles.运用了时间状语从句，目的状语从句； Every now and then, she stopped to listen for any sounds that might indicate human presence or a water source.运用了限制性定语从句； It seemed she was on the right track. 运用了表语从句； Pushing through a thicket of bushes, she finally emerged onto a well-trodden path. 运用了现在分词作状语；Relieved, she asked for help and was guided back to the entrance of the Old Pine Scenic Area. 运用了形容词作状语；This experience made her realize that even in the face of panic, calmness and resourcefulness could lead one out of a difficult situation.运用了省略to的不定式作宾补，宾语从句。
1 / 1广东省深圳市罗湖区深圳中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读理解
This is where you can explore unknown and the most interesting facts about our living planet, the universe, and people's lifestyles. Here are some top unmissable festivals from around the world.
Rio Carnival, Brazil
It is a five-day festival which takes place forty days before Easter. Rio de Janeiro has earned its title as the Carnival capital of the world with its famous samba dancing. colorful eye-catching costumes and live music.
Holi Festival, India
Holi is a Hindu spring festival, also known as the "festival of colors". It is a sign of the victory of good over evil, the end of winter, and the arrival of spring. Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing colored powder and water at each other.
St. Patrick's Day, Ireland
Held on March 17 every year, it is a celebration to mark the death of Ireland's patron saint (守护神) Saint Patrick. Since 1996, an entire festival of parades, fireworks as well as food and drinks has surrounded the celebration. Enjoy traditional songs and dances, watch musical street theater shows and get dressed in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage and culture.
Burning Man Festival United States
As a week-long event at the end of August in the Black Rock Desert of Nevada, it attracts tens of thousands of people from all over the world each year. Tickets to Burning Man are not cheap. But once you're there, you will surely have an unforgettable experience. The main event is burning a giant wooden statue on Saturday night, followed by a big dance party that lasts all night long.
1．Which of the following is NOT presented on St. Patrick's Day
A．Classic tunes and dances. B．Street theater performances.
C．Traditional art exhibitions. D．Green costumes.
2．Which festival lasts the longest in celebration
A．Rio Carnival. B．Holi Festival.
C．St. Patrick's D．Burning Man Festival.
3．What do the festivals have in common
A．There is no need to buy tickets.
B．People are all dressed in traditional clothes.
C．Dance is a generally accepted way to celebrate.
D．They center on specific religious customs.
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．C
【知识点】细节理解题；应用文；传统节日
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上一些不容错过的节日。分别介绍了巴西狂欢节、印度胡里节、爱尔兰圣帕特里克节和美国黑石沙漠燃烧人节。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．细节理解题。根据St. Patrick's Day, Ireland部分中的"Enjoy traditional songs and dances,
watch musical street theater shows and get dressed in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage and culture. "享受传统的歌曲和舞蹈，观看音乐街头戏剧表演，穿上全绿色的衣服，庆祝爱尔兰的遗产和文化。提到在St. Patrick's Day可以享受传统歌曲和舞蹈观看音乐街头戏剧表演，身着全绿色服装，但未提及传统艺术展览，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Rio Carnival, Brazil部分中的"It is a five-day festival which takes place forty days before Easter."这是一个为期五天的节日，在复活节前40天举行；Holi Festival, India部分中的"Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing colored powder and water at each other. "从人们聚集、唱歌和跳舞的夜间篝火开始，第二天人们互相投掷彩色粉末和水来庆祝胡里节；St. Patrick's Day, Ireland部分中的"Held on March 17 every year, it is a celebration to mark the death of Ireland's patron saint (守护神) Saint Patrick"每年的3月17日，这是纪念爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克去世的庆祝活动；以及Burning Man Festival, United States部分中的"As a week-long event at the end of August in the Black Rock Desert of Nevada, it attracts tens of thousands of people from all over the world each year."每年8月底在内华达州黑岩沙漠举行的为期一周的活动吸引了来自世界各地的成千上万的人。可知，庆祝时间最长的节日是Burning Man Festival。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据Rio Carnival, Brazil部分中的"Rio de Janeiro has earned its title as the Carnival capital of the world with its famous samba dancing, colorful eye-catching costumes and live music."里约热内卢以其著名的桑巴舞、色彩鲜艳、引人注目的服装和现场音乐赢得了"世界狂欢节之都"的称号；Holi Festival, India部分中的"Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing colored powder and water at each other."从人们聚集、唱歌和跳舞的夜间篝火开始，第二天人们互相投掷彩色粉末和水来庆祝胡里节；St. Patrick's Day, Ireland部分中的"Enjoy traditional song and dance, watch musical street theater shows and get decorated in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage and culture."欣赏传统歌舞，观看街头音乐剧表演，在庆祝爱尔兰传统和文化的同时，把自己装扮成绿色；以及Burning Man Festival, United States部分中的"The main event is burning a giant wooden statue on Saturday night, followed by a big dance party that lasts all night long."星期六晚上的主要活动是焚烧一座巨大的木制雕像，然后是一场持续一整夜的大型舞会。可知，四个节日的共同之处在于庆祝方式均涉及跳舞。故选C。
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读理解
I had a quick short stay in Detroit Airport before heading home. Knowing my gate number, I got there with 5 minutes to spare and stood waiting for "Gate 3" to be called.
I was already very tired and had an important call scheduled for an hour after I was set to get home. But then I heard the announcement, "It seems we have overbooked the flight. Would anyone care to volunteer to stay for the later departure in 4 hours " And the gate attendant was anxiously waiting for someone to volunteer.
I looked around and saw businessmen needing to work, moms needing to meet their kids, kids needing to see their friends. Even though I wanted to be home just as much as anyone, something inside me said that I should extend some kindness to this group of strangers.
I picked up my bag, approached the desk, and told the gate attendant my decision. Smile spread on the face of her. As she was processing my ticket, I was happy to see all the other passengers could now board their flight and I had been able to help. The attendant handed me my boarding pass for the later flight and another piece of paper, then said, "This is for your kindness." I saw that it was a 700-dollar voucher to fly anywhere in the world during the next year!
I got to my new gate and took a seat next to a power outlet so that my laptop would make it through the extra four hours. 1 rescheduled that important call. And then I got a lot of work done, which was a wonderful silver lining.
When my flight started boarding, I was surprised to discover that my new boarding pass was for a seat in first class. I thought about how grateful I was for everything that had happened, and how it was all because of the chain effects of kindness. I gave with the intention to serve others, with no thought of reward, and that kindness was returned to me with an amazing upgrade.
4．The airport announcement was made to ____.
A．ask someone to take next flight
B．give information about a delayed flight
C．inform that the flight was about to take off
D．tell passengers the flight had been cancelled
5．What made the author off or to volunteer
A．A reward of 700 dollars
B．An offer of first-class seat.
C．The request of the attendant.
D．His concern about other passengers.
6．How did the author think about his extra 4-hour stay at the airport
A． B．Challenging but acceptable.
C．Satisfying and efficient. D．Relaxing and worthwhile.
7．What is the best title of the passage
A．Every Effort Counts B．Time Is Treasure
C．Patience Is Appreciated D．Kindness Gives Back
【答案】4．A
5．D
6．C
7．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人生百味类；夹叙夹议；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者乘坐的航班，因超额预定，需要有人自愿改签下一个航班，作者主动表示善意，让其他乘客能如愿登机，在滞留机场的4个小时中，作者高效率完成了很多工作，而这次主动改签，他不但收到了航空公司送的代金券，还坐上了头等舱。小小的善举产生了连锁效应，作者得到了大大的回报。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"But then I heard the announcement, ‘It seems we have overbooked the flight. Would anyone care to volunteer to stay for the later departure in 4 hours ' And the gate attendant was anxiously waiting for someone to volunteer"但随后我听到广播说:"我们的航班似乎超额预定了。"有人愿意为4小时后起飞的飞机留下来吗？门口的服务员正焦急地等着有人来做志愿者。可知，机场广播通知乘客，这个航班因预定人数过多，希望有人自愿放弃乘坐这个航班，改签下一个航班。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段"I looked around and saw businessmen needing to work, moms needing to meet their kids, kids needing to see their friends. Even though I wanted to be home just as much as anyone, something inside me said that I should extend some kindness to this group of strangers."我环顾四周，看到商人们需要工作，妈妈们需要见孩子，孩子们需要见朋友。尽管我和其他人一样想回家，但我内心深处有个声音告诉我，我应该向这群陌生人表达一些善意。可知，作者考虑到其他乘客的需求，主动表示善意，愿意乘坐下一个航班，让其他乘客能如愿登机。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段"I got to my new gate and took a seat next to a power outlet so that my laptop would make it through the extra four hours. 1 rescheduled that important call. And then I got a lot of work done, which was a wonderful silver lining."我到了新登机口，坐在电源插座旁边，这样我的笔记本电脑就能撑过这额外的四个小时。我重新安排了那个重要的电话。然后我完成了很多工作，这是很好的一线希望。可知，作者在机场的四个小时中，干完了好多工作，重新安排了电话时间，结合"a silver lining"可推断，作者认为这4个小时中工作效率不错，整体上是令他满意的。故选C。
7．标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的"I thought about how grateful I was for everything that had happened, and how it was all because of the chain effects of kindness. I gave with the intention to serve others, with no thought of reward, and that kindness was returned to me with an amazing upgrade."我想到我是多么感激所发生的一切，这一切都是因为善良的连锁效应。我的付出是为了服务他人，而不是为了回报，而回报给我的是一种令人惊讶的提升。可推断，"善良回馈"适合作本文标题。故选D。
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读理解
Science should guide policy, but caution is needed when technologies like CRISPR, have the potential to exclude rather than assist people to live their lives.
CRISPR can be used to treat disease. Yet the far-reaching, more worrying promise of this technology, about which scientists seem both excited and cautious, is its ability to remove from the gene pool what medical science identifies as faulty or abnormal genes that cause difference in individual people. The promise of CRISPR logically aims to eradicate harmful diseases in future generations, making it an unquestionable pursuit.
This logic is consistent with wider society views. Many people think taking away genetic differences seen as faults is a clear "good". Editing out a gene-linked condition, supporters may argue, is different from editing out a person, and curing disease is a good thing. But our genetic conditions cannot be simply cut away from us because they form a fundamental part of who we are.
Communications scholar James L. Chemey describes this act of using tools to control genes and select certain traits as "common sense" discrimination — a belief that aims to remove what it sees as undesirable human differences, much like past campaigns to remove those considered less valuable.
However, people with "bad" genes shouldn't be edited out of existence in some version of a utopian (乌托邦的) future. Evaluating the quality of life of another person is morally questionable in a society based on the concept that all people are of equal value regardless of their individual differences.
Expanding diversity in all its forms, including disability, makes our communities stronger. It enriches both our ethical values and biological perspectives by bringing in different viewpoints, experiences, and ideas. This variety helps everyone live together better and thrive together. If CRISPR is used to eliminate the gene pool of genetic differences rather than to treat them, we as a society should not use this tool.
8．According to the author, what is CRISPR
A．It is a necessary evil in treating severe diseases.
B．It is a promising technology to expand diversity.
C． It is a questionable tool for removing faulty genes.
D．It is a logical approach to improving human genes.
9．What does the underlined word "eradicate" mean in paragraph 2
A．Rid. B．Modify. C．Treat. D．Study.
10．Why did the author mention "common sense" discrimination in paragraph 4
A．To prove that all forms of discrimination are harmful.
B．To trace the evolution of genetic selection in history.
C．To offer an example of campaigns to remove bad genes.
D．To argue against society's views about genetic difference.
11．Why is it important to maintain diversity
A．It leads to a more uniform society.
B．It makes it easier to evaluate people's lives.
C．It allows for the removal of genetic differences.
D．It enhances communities and broadens viewpoints.
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．D
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了CRISPR技术在治疗疾病方面的应用及其可能带来的通过去除所谓"缺陷基因"而排除部分人的问题，强调不应使用该技术消除基因差异，而应保持多样性，因为多样性能增强社区并拓宽观点。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Yet the far - reaching, more worrying promise of this technology...is its ability to remove from the gene pool what medical science identifies as faulty or abnormal genes that cause difference in individual people."然而，科学家们似乎既兴奋又谨慎的是，这项技术的深远、更令人担忧的前景是，它能够从基因库中删除医学界认为导致个体差异的有缺陷或异常的基因。可知，CRISPR技术有去除基因池中被医学认定为有缺陷或异常基因的能力，但作者对此表示担忧，所以作者认为CRISPR是一种用于去除有缺陷基因的可疑工具。故选C。
9．词义猜测题。根据二段中的"The promise of CRISPR logically aims to eradicate harmful diseases in future generations"CRISPR的承诺在逻辑上旨在消除后代的有害疾病，结合上下文，CRISPR的目的是在未来几代人中消除有害疾病，划线词eradicate是"根除、消灭"之意，故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段"Communications scholar James L. Chemey describes this act of using tools to control genes and select certain traits as ‘common sense' discrimination — a belief that aims to remove what it sees as undesirable human differences, much like past campaigns to remove those considered less valuable. "传播学者James L. Chemey将这种使用工具控制基因和选择某些特征的行为描述为"常识"歧视——这种信念旨在消除它认为不可取的人类差异，就像过去消除那些被认为价值较低的差异的运动一样。可推知提到"common sense"歧视是为了论证社会上认为去除所谓不良人类差异（如去除有缺陷基因）这种观点是不对的，是与社会基于人人平等的价值观相悖的，是为了反对社会关于基因差异的观点，故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Expanding diversity in all its forms, including disability,
makes our communities stronger. It enriches both our ethical values and biological perspectives by bringing in different viewpoints, experiences, and ideas. This variety helps everyone live together better and thrive together. "扩大各种形式的多样性，包括残疾，使我们的社区更加强大。它通过引入不同的观点、经验和想法，丰富了我们的伦理价值观和生物学观点。这种多样性有助于每个人更好地生活在一起，共同繁荣。可推知保持多样性能够增强社区并且拓宽观点，故选D。
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读理解
Amold Schwarzenegger, Dia Mirza and Adrian Grenier have a message for you. It's easy to beat plastic. They're part of a bunch of celebrities starring in a new video for World Environment Day — encouraging you, the consumer, to replace plastics, like straws and plates to address the plastics crisis.
The key messages that have been put together for World Environment Day do include a call for governments to make laws to reduce single-use plastics. But the main message is directed at individuals.
My concern with leaving it up to the individual, however, is our limited sense of what needs to be achieved. Taking our own bags to the grocery store or quitting plastic straws, for example, will accomplish little and require very little of us. They could even be negative, satisfying a need to have "done our bit" without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions — a kind of "moral licensing" that cases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.
While discussions about the environment often focus on things like shopping bags and straws, we are overlooking the idea that, as "citizens", we should be demanding that our governments and industries make real changes, rather than just thinking of ourselves as "consumers" who need to shop sustainably.
It's important to acknowledge that the environment isn't everyone's priority, or even most people's. We shouldn't expect it to be. In her latest book, Wellesley College professor Elizabeth R. DeSombre argues that the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is to be structural.
This might mean implementing policy such as a plastic tax that adds a cost to environmentally problematic action. or banning single-use plastics altogether. DeSombre isn't saying people should stop caring about the environment. It's just that individual actions are too slow, she says, to be the only, or even primary, approach to changing widespread behavior.
None of this is about writing off the individual. It's just that we don't have time to wait. We need progressive policies that shape collective action, together with engaged citizens pushing for change.
12．Why do some celebrities star in a new video
A．To demand new laws on the use of plastics.
B．To urge consumers to cut the use of plastics.
C．To invite public opinion on the plastics crisis.
D．To expose the causes of the plastics crisis.
13．What do we know about "moral licensing" in paragraph 3
A．It may mislead us into doing worthless things.
B．It may prevent us from making further efforts.
C．It may weaken our sense of accomplishment.
D．It may hold back our desire for success.
14．What is the best way for a collective change according to DeSombre
A．A win-win arrangement. B．A self-driven system.
C．A cost-effective approach. D．A top-down process.
15．What is the author's view on individual efforts to protect the environment
A．They can be significant.
B．They can be unreasonable.
C．They are far from sufficient.
D．They are the primary solution.
【答案】12．B
13．B
14．D
15．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了应对塑料危机的方式。指出虽然世界环境日倡导包括名人呼吁消费者减少塑料使用，但作者认为仅靠个人努力是不够的，政府应出台政策（如对塑料征税、禁止单次使用塑料制品等）来推动集体行动，同时公民也应积极参与推动变革。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"It's easy to beat plastic. They're part of a bunch of celebrities starring in a new video for World Environment Day — encouraging you, the consumer, to replace plastics, like straws and plates to address the plastics crisis."很容易打败塑料。他们是世界环境日新视频中众多名人中的一员，该视频鼓励消费者更换塑料，如吸管和盘子，以解决塑料危机。可知，一些名人出演新视频是为了敦促消费者减少塑料的使用，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"They could even be negative, satisfying a need to have 'done our bit' without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions — a kind of 'moral licensing' that cases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge."，它们甚至可能是消极的，满足了"尽自己的一份力量"的需要，而没有采取更大、更大胆、更有效的行动——一种"道德许可"，它解决了我们的担忧，阻止我们做更多的事情，并要求更多的负责人。可知"道德许可"可能会阻止我们做出更多努力，只满足于做了很小的事情而没有进一步行动，故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段中的"DeSombre argues that the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is to be structural."DeSombre认为，集体改变大量人行为的最佳方式是结构性的；以及第六段中的"This might mean implementing policy such as a plastic tax that adds a cost to environmentally problematic action, or banning single - use plastics altogether."这可能意味着实施塑料税等政策，增加环境问题行动的成本，或完全禁止一次性塑料。可知，DeSombre认为集体变革的最佳方式是通过政策等自上而下的过程，故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第四段"while discussions about the environment often focus on things like shopping bags and straws, we are overlooking the idea that, as 'citizens', we should be demanding that our governments and industries make real changes, rather than just thinking of ourselves as 'consumers' who need to shop sustainably."虽然关于环境的讨论往往集中在购物袋和吸管上，但我们忽略了这样一个想法，即作为"公民"，我们应该要求我们的政府和行业做出真正的改变，而不仅仅是把自己看作需要可持续购物的"消费者"；以及第六段中的"It's just that individual actions are too slow, she says, to be the only, or even primary, approach to changing widespread behavior."她说，只是个人行动太慢，无法成为改变普遍行为的唯一甚至主要方法。可知，作者认为个人保护环境的努力远远不够，还需要政府出台政策和公民积极推动变革，故选C。
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
As the world's most numerous areas of water, ponds are surprisingly poorly understood. There are millions — possibly billions — of them. 16．
This neglect might not have mattered if it were not for increasing evidence that ponds are extremely important habitats for wildlife. Across many landscapes, they are being shown to support far greater variation of species than rivers and streams. 17． It allows them to have a wider range of conditions than rivers and streams where flowing water tends to homogenized (同质化的) water chemistry.
So why have we failed to notice such a vital part of the natural world A key reason is the misjudgment where humans naturally assume that if something is small, it can't be all that important. 18． We don't realize that these waters have a deeply ancient origin and have existed on Earth as long as there has been land. These misunderstandings have had a big impact on our ability to protect their wildlife. In Europe, for example, the Water Framework Directive mostly excludes any bodies of water smaller than 50 hectares.
19． Last year, the Ramsar Convention introduced a resolution on small wetlands including ponds. And the European Union-funded PONDERFUL project is gathering data on Europe's ponds. However, there remains much to do. As the effects of climate change deepen, plants and animals will increasingly need to move across the landscape to survive. 20． They are easy to make and they develop rapidly, which can help freshwater species adapt over short timescales.
A. We can create ponds as their habitats.
B. And most of us regard them as artificial habitats.
C. They make up much of the global water environment.
D. This biodiversity is partly due to the small size of ponds.
E. Yet modern scientists have paid them very little attention.
F. Viewpoints are changing, fortunately, to the significance of ponds.
G. There is increasing evidence of the importance of ponds for biodiversity.
【答案】16．E；17．D；18．B；19．F；20．A
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了池塘在全球水环境中数量众多却被严重忽视的现象，阐述池塘对野生动物栖息地的重要性（包括池塘具有丰富的生物多样性及其原因），并提及人们对池塘重视不足的原因，最后讲述目前对于池塘重视情况有所改变，但仍有很多工作要做。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"ponds are surprisingly poorly understood. There are millions — possibly billions — of them."池塘被惊人地误解了。它们有数百万甚至数十亿个。强调池塘数量众多，C. They make up much of the global water environment."它们构成了大部分的全球水环境。"承接上文，进一步说明池塘在全球水环境中的占比情况，符合语境，故选E。
17．根据空后"It allows them to have a wider range of conditions than rivers and streams where flowing water tends to homogenized (同质化的) water chemistry."它使它们比河流和溪流有更广泛的条件范围，河流和溪流中流动的水往往会使水质同质化。这里的"it"指代池塘的某种特性，D. This biodiversity is partly due to the small size of ponds."这种生物多样性部分归因于池塘的小尺寸。解释了池塘生物多样性的原因，符合语境，故选D。
18．根据空前"A key reason is the misjudgment where humans naturally assume that if something is small, it can't be all that important. "一个关键原因是误判，人类自然会认为，如果事情很小，就不可能那么重要。提到人类对池塘的误解，认为小的东西不重要，B. And most of us regard them as artificial habitats."我们大多数人认为它们是人工栖息地。"进一步阐述了人们对池塘的错误看法，是对人类误解池塘的具体补充，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
19．上文提到人们对池塘重视不足的情况；以及空后举例说明现在对池塘重视情况有所改变，如《湿地公约》引入关于小湿地的决议，欧盟资助的项目收集池塘数据等，F. Viewpoints are changing, fortunately, to the significance of ponds."幸运的是，关于池塘重要性的观点正在改变。"承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
20．根据空前"As the effects of climate change deepen, plants and animals will increasingly need to move across the landscape to survive. "随着气候变化影响的加深，动植物需要在景观中移动以生存；以及空后"They are easy to make and they develop rapidly, which can help freshwater species adapt over short timescales."它们易于制造，发展迅速，可以帮助淡水物种在短时间内适应。A. We can create ponds as their habitats."我们可以创建池塘作为它们的栖息地。"提出了解决办法，承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A typical lion tamer (驯兽师) in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it's 21． for show. In reality, it's the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face, the lion tries to 22． all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its attention 23． , the lion becomes confused and is 24． about what to do next. When faced with so many 25． , the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man waving the chair.
How often do you find yourself in the same 26． as the lion How often do you have something you want to achieve (e. g. lose weight, start a business, travel more) — only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and 27． to make progress
This 28． me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is the best, the people (you and me) who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the 29． information. The most probable 30． is that we feel like we can't focus or that we're focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be 31． .
It doesn't have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a 32． in your face, remember this: All you need to do is commit to one thing. You just need to 33． . Starting before you feel 34． is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become, take 35． action. In another word, just sweep the chair out of the way and choose what you have to do.
21．A． rarely B． barely C． nearly D． merely
22．A． insist on B． keep on C． rely on D． focus on
23．A． divided B． limited C． extended D． strengthened
24．A． serious B． unsure C． curious D． passionate
25．A． bonds B． notices C． options D． desires
26．A． emotion B． reputation C． position D． generation
27．A． fail B． pretend C． flee D． manage
28．A． frustrates B． relieves C． impresses D． moves
29．A． exchanging B． encouraging C． damaging D． conflicting
30．A． reason B． outcome C． study D． solution
31．A． defending B． confusing C． improving D． weeping
32．A． whip B． meat C． chair D． hand
33．A． kick off B． give off C． go off D． knock off
34．A． ready B． pleasant C． regretful D． frozen
35．A． orderly B． precise C． appropriate D． immediate
【答案】21．D；22．D；23．A；24．B；25．C；26．C；27．A；28．A；29．D；30．B；31．C；32．C；33．A；34．A；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了狮子驯兽师使用椅子来分散狮子注意力，引出人们在面对众多选择时容易困惑，无法采取行动的问题，并给出了建议：只需要专注于一件事，立即采取行动。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：鞭子吸引了所有的注意力，但它仅仅是为了表演。A： rarely"几乎不"；B： barely"勉强可能，几乎不"；C： nearly"几乎"；D： merely"仅仅"。根据下文"In reality, it's the chair that does the important work."事实上，是椅子做了重要的工作。可知，实际上重要的是椅子，鞭子仅仅是用来表演的。故选D。
22．句意：当驯兽师把椅子举在狮子面前时，狮子会试图同时盯住椅子的四条腿。A： insist on"坚持"；B： keep on"继续"；C： rely on"依靠"；D： focus on"专注于"。根据下文"With its attention..."可知，狮子会试图同时专注于椅子的四条腿。故选D。
23．句意：它的注意力被分散了，狮子变得困惑，不知道下一步该做什么。A： divided"分开"；B： limited"限制"；C： extended"延伸"；D： strengthened"加强"。根据上文"the lion tries to 2 all four legs of the chair at the same time"可知，狮子试图同时专注于椅子的四条腿，所以它的注意力被分散了。故选A。
24．句意：它的注意力被分散了，狮子变得困惑，不确定下一步该做什么。A： serious"严肃的"；B： unsure"不确定的"；C： curious"好奇的"；D： passionate"热情的"。根据空前"the lion becomes confused"可知，狮子变得困惑，所以不确定下一步该做什么。故选B。
25．句意：当面对如此多的选择时，狮子选择停住不动并等待，而不是攻击挥舞椅子的人。A： bonds "纽带"；B： notices"通知"；C： options"选择"；D： desires"欲望"。根据上文"the lion tries to 2 all four legs of the chair at the same time"狮子试图同时专注于椅子的四条腿；以及下文"only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you"结果却被眼前的所有选择弄糊涂了。可知，狮子试图同时专注于椅子的四条腿，这对狮子来说有很多选择。故选C。
26．句意：你发现自己处于和狮子一样的处境有多频繁？A： emotion"情感"；B： reputation"名声"；C： position"位置，处境"；D： generation"一代"。根据空后"as the lion "；以及下文"How often do you have something you want to achieve (e. g. lose weight, start a business, travel more) — only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you"你多久会有一次想要实现的目标（例如减肥、创业、多旅行），结果却被面前的所有选择弄糊涂了。可知，此处指人处于和狮子一样的处境，面对众多选择感到困惑。故选C。
27．句意：你有多少次想要实现某件事（比如减肥、创业、多旅行），结果却被面前的所有选择弄得一头雾水，无法取得进展？A： fail"失败，未能做成"；B： pretend"假装"；C： flee"逃离"；D： manage"管理"。根据空前"only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you"可知，被面前的所有选择弄得一头雾水，所以未能取得进展。故选A。
28．句意：这让我非常沮丧，因为当所有专家都在忙着争论哪个选项最好时，那些想要改善生活的人（你和我）却被所有相互矛盾的信息弄得一头雾水。A： frustrates"使沮丧"；B： relieves"缓解"；C： impresses"使印象深刻"；D： moves"移动"。根据空后"while all the experts are busy debating about which option is the best, the people (you and me) who want to improve their lives are left confused"可知，专家在争论，想要改善生活的人却被弄得一头雾水，所以这让作者非常沮丧。故选A。
29．句意：这让我非常沮丧，因为当所有专家都在忙着争论哪个选项最好时，那些想要改善生活的人（你和我）却被所有相互矛盾的信息弄得一头雾水。A： exchanging"交换"；B： encouraging"鼓舞人心的"；C： damaging"造成损害的，产生不良影响的"；D： conflicting"冲突的，矛盾的"。根据空前"while all the experts are busy debating about which option is the best"可知，专家在争论哪个选项最好，说明信息是相互矛盾的。故选D。
30．句意：最可能的结果是，我们觉得自己无法集中注意力，或者我们关注错了事情，所以我们采取的行动更少，取得的进步更少，当我们本可以进步的时候，我们却保持不变。A： reason"原因"；B： outcome"结果"；C： study"研究"；D： solution"解决方案"。根据空后"we feel like we can't focus or that we're focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress"可知，此处阐述选择太多最可能带来的结果。故选B。
31．句意：最可能的结果是，我们觉得自己无法集中注意力，或者我们关注错了事情，所以我们采取的行动更少，取得的进步更少，当我们本可以进步的时候，我们却保持不变。A： defending"辩护"；B： confusing"使困惑"；C： improving"改善，进步"；D： weeping"哭泣"。根据空前"we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same"可知，此处指由于选择太多，导致无法集中注意力或关注错事情，我们采取更少的行动，在本可以进步的时候却仍保持不变。故选C。
32．句意：每当你发现世界在你面前挥舞着椅子时，记住这一点：你所要做的就是专注于一件事。A： whip"鞭子"；B： meat"肉"；C： chair"椅子"；D： hand"手"。根据上文"When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face"当驯狮师把椅子放在狮子面前时；以及空前"Anytime you find the world waving..."每当你发现世界在挥手，可知，作者把我们面对的情况与狮子面对的情况进行了类比，此处指世界在你面前挥舞着"椅子"，即面临很多选择。故选C。
33．句意：你只需要开始行动。A： kick off"开始"；B： give off"发出"；C： go off"爆炸"；D： knock off"撞倒"。根据上文"All you need to do is commit to one thing."你需要做的就是承诺一件事；以及下文"Starting before you feel 14 is one of the habits of successful people."在你觉得准备好之前就开始是成功人士的习惯之一。可知，专注于一个目标，开始行动是成功的关键。故选A。
34．句意：在准备好之前就开始行动是成功人士的习惯之一。A： ready"准备好的"；B： pleasant"愉快的"；C： regretful"后悔的"；D： frozen"冷冻的，惊呆的"。根据上文"so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be 11 "；以及"All you need to do is commit to one thing. You just need to 13 ."可知，作者建议专注于一个目标，就开始行动，并不一定非要等到准备好。故选A。
35．句意：如果你想去某个地方，想完成某件事，想成为某个人，立即采取行动。A： orderly"有序的"；B： precise"精确的"；C： appropriate"适当的"；D： immediate"立即的"。根据上文"Starting before you feel 14 is one of the habits of successful people."以及下文"In another word, just sweep the chair out of the way and choose what you have to do."可知，成功人士的习惯之一是在准备好之前就开始行动，所以此处指立即采取行动。故选D。
（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Back then, I was a nervous new father. I felt overwhelmed by parenting books that intended to provide guidance 36． left me confused. I was at a loss about when to feed my son or 37． it was okay to let him sleep as long as he wanted. My friend, May, sensing my anxiety, texted me: "No book can replace your own 38． (observe). Just listen to your son and he 39． (teach) you how to be a father."
That 40． (strike) me because I grew up believing children should not be seen or heard. I took 41． for granted that kids were insignificant and that they didn't know anything. This mindset made me overlook the joys and lessons my son offered in the present. For the sake of tomorrow. I failed to respect 42． might amuse, sadden, amaze, anger and interest him today.
Things changed when I got down on my knees to his level and 43． (simple) listened. He shared his treasures —bird feathers, colored stones —and his dreams of traveling to the South Pole with a classmate.
Seven years later, I still appreciate May's 44． (wise). Listening to my son has freed me from the pressure of parenting books and has deepened our bond, 45． (allow) me to respect who he is today and who he can become.
【答案】36．but；37．whether；38．observation；39．will teach；40．struck；41．it；42．what/ whatever；43．simply；44．wisdom；45．allowing
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者从最初被育儿书籍困扰不知如何养育儿子，到在朋友的影响下学会倾听儿子的心声，从而获得父子间更深的情感联结并摆脱育儿书籍压力的转变过程，强调了倾听孩子在成长过程中的重要性。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及连词，疑问词，名词，时态，代词，宾语从句，副词，名词，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：我被那些旨在提供指导但却让我感到困惑的育儿书籍压得喘不过气来。"intended to provide guidance "和" left me confused"存在转折关系，表示"但是"，故填but。
37．句意：我不知道什么时候该喂儿子，或者是否可以让他想睡多久就睡多久。 it was okay to let him sleep是宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，结合句意应用whether引导，故填whether。
38．句意：没有哪本书能取代你自己的观察。 observe "观察"，动词，此处需要其名词observation，"观察"作replace的宾语，不可数，故填observation。
39．句意：只要倾听你的儿子，他就会教你如何做父亲。teach"教"，动词。此句是"祈使句 + and + 简单句"的结构，简单句常用一般将来时，故填will teach。
40．句意：这让我很受触动，因为我从小就认为孩子不应该被看见或听见。strike"突然想到，想到，触动"，此处是谓语动词，描述的是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。strike的过去式是struck，故填struck。
41．句意：我认为理所当然的是，孩子们是微不足道的，并且他们什么都不知道。此处为固定句型take it for granted that…"想当然地认为……"，故填it。
42．句意：我没能尊重今天可能让他感到开心、悲伤、惊讶、生气和感兴趣的事物。 might amuse, sadden, amaze, anger and interest him today是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意应用what/ whatever。故填what/ whatever。
43．句意：当我跪下来，放低姿态去倾听时，情况发生了变化。simple"简单的"，形容词。此处需要其副词simply"仅仅"，修饰动词listened，作状语，故填simply。
44．句意：七年后，我仍然感激May的智慧。 wise "明智的"，形容词。此处需要其名词wisdom
"智慧"，作appreciate的宾语，不可数，故填wisdom。
45．句意：倾听我的儿子使我摆脱了育儿书籍的压力，加深了我们之间的感情，让我能够尊重他今天的样子以及他将来能成为什么样的人。allow"允许"，动词，此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。allow与逻辑主语listening之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，故填allowing。
46．（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 假定你是李华，一名在英国学习的交换生。校方将举办"中国工坊"活动，拟招募烹饪讲师，在现场教授烹饪中国美食。请按照以下提示，写一封申请信，主要内容包括：(1) 写信目的；(2) 对活动的认识：(3) 你的优势。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：中国工坊：Chinese Workshop；烹饪讲师：cooking instructor
Dear Sir/ Madam,
……
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/ Madam,
Our school will hold an activity titled "China Workshop", and plans to recruit cooking instructors to teach cooking Chinese food on site. I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer.
Being an outgoing student, I've been looking forward to making friends with foreigners and enhancing my social skill. After a careful consideration, I think I'm qualified for the job. For one thing, I' m good at cooking Chinese food, which plays an important role in teaching foreign students to how to cook Chinese food. For another, I have a good command of the history of Chinese cuisine.
I'd be appreciative if you could take my application into account.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封申请信，目的是申请成为"中国工坊"活动的烹饪讲师。考生需要清晰地表明写信的意图，即申请成为"中国工坊"活动的烹饪讲师，对"中国工坊"活动有一定的了解，并在申请信中表达出对活动的支持和参与热情。旨在推广中国文化，特别是中国美食文化，以及活动对于增进中外文化交流的重要性。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Our school will hold an activity titled "China Workshop", and plans to recruit cooking instructors to teach cooking Chinese food on site.运用了过 去分词作状语，不定式作宾语，不定式作目的状语； I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer.运用了不定式作目的状语；After a careful consideration, I think I'm qualified for the job. 运用了宾语从句； For one thing, I' m good at cooking Chinese food, which plays an important role in teaching foreign students to how to cook Chinese food.运用了非限制性定语从句；I'd be appreciative if you could take my application into account.运用了条件状语从句。
47．（2024高三上·罗湖月考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Journey to the Old Pine
As the golden sun was sailing higher and higher in the east, casting its warm glow over the town, Emily, a keen photographer, started a solo journey to the famous Old Pine (松树) Scenic Area. Known for its centuries-old pine forests and winding paths, this place had captured her imagination with countless stunning photos. She had longed to witness the beauty of the eldest and tallest tree in person, eager to touch nature in its purest form.
Upon arrival, Emily was attracted by the quietness of the overground pines that towered above, their branches whispering tales of old in the gentle morning breeze. With her camera in hand, she explored deeper into the heart of the forest, each step further exposing her to the lively picture of greens and earthy browns.
The paths of Old Pine were many, weaving through the forest like threads of a vast, tangled (缠结的) web. Initially, Emily followed the marked trails, taking photos of spider webs and squirrels dashing through the underbrush. However, as the morning turned into afternoon, she decided to leave from the beaten path to explore a more hidden area. and to find the eldest and tallest pine in the reserve.
The deeper she wandered, the quieter the forest grew, except for the occasional rustle of leaves and distant birds. Focused on her photography, Emily didn't notice the changing shadows in the forest. She then realized it was getting late but she had not yet found the eldest pine. And she had not only gone off the path but was now thoroughly lost.
A wave of panic surged in her chest. She attempted to go back, hoping to find familiar landmarks, but the forest seemed to have rearranged itself behind her. The trees stood merciless (冷酷的), their trunks like silent guards that offered no guidance. With her phone's signal frustratingly absent in the thick forest, Emily felt helpless.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Emily remembered reading about the importance of staying calm when lost.
……
Suddenly, she spotted a tall tree that looked familiar in one of her photos.
……
【答案】 Emily remembered reading about the importance of staying calm when lost. She took a deep breath and tried to recall the direction of the sun. Since it was afternoon, the sun was in the west. She decided to walk in a direction that she hoped would lead her to a more open area or a path. She also started marking the trees with small scratches as she passed, so that she wouldn't retrace her steps in circles. Every now and then, she stopped to listen for any sounds that might indicate human presence or a water source.
Suddenly she spotted a tall tree that looked familiar in one of her photos. Her heart leaped with hope. She quickly compared the surrounding scenery with the photo in her memory. It seemed she was on the right track. She followed the direction the tree pointed in and walked with renewed energy. After a while, she heard the faint sound of voices. Pushing through a thicket of bushes, she finally emerged onto a well-trodden path. There, she saw a group of hikers. Relieved, she asked for help and was guided back to the entrance of the Old Pine Scenic Area. This experience made her realize that even in the face of panic, calmness and resourcefulness could lead one out of a difficult situation.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Emily，一个敏锐的摄影师，一个人去著名的老松树风景区的旅行，她被高耸的松树的静谧和壮丽所吸引。最初，Emily沿着标记的路径，拍摄露珠吻的蜘蛛网和松鼠在灌木丛中奔跑的照片。然而，当上午变成下午时，她决定离开人迹罕至的小路，去探索一个更隐蔽的地方，据说那里有保护区内最古老、最雄伟的松树。就在她离开的途中，她迷路了；她无法找到熟悉的地标。.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"Emily记起在书中读到过迷路时保持冷静的重要性。"可知，第一段可描写Emily在迷路的过程中如何保持冷静。②由第二段首句内容"Emily突然注意到一棵在之前照片中见过的熟悉的高树"可知，第二段可描写通过这棵树，Emily回忆起之前拍摄这张照片时的位置和路线，Emily沿着记忆中的路线前进，最终成功找到了回家的路或遇到了救援人员。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】该读后续写内容紧凑而富有张力，Emily的形象也因此变得鲜活而立体。她的经历告诉我们，在面对困境时，保持冷静、运用智慧并勇敢前行，往往能够找到解决问题的办法。同时，故事也提醒我们，在探索未知或面对挑战时，做好充分的准备和保持警惕是至关重要的。文中有一些好的词句，例如：Since it was afternoon, the sun was in the west. 运用了原因状语从句； She decided to walk in a direction that she hoped would lead her to a more open area or a path. 运用了不定式作宾语从句，限制性定语从句；She also started marking the trees with small scratches as she passed, so that she wouldn't retrace her steps in circles.运用了时间状语从句，目的状语从句； Every now and then, she stopped to listen for any sounds that might indicate human presence or a water source.运用了限制性定语从句； It seemed she was on the right track. 运用了表语从句； Pushing through a thicket of bushes, she finally emerged onto a well-trodden path. 运用了现在分词作状语；Relieved, she asked for help and was guided back to the entrance of the Old Pine Scenic Area. 运用了形容词作状语；This experience made her realize that even in the face of panic, calmness and resourcefulness could lead one out of a difficult situation.运用了省略to的不定式作宾补，宾语从句。
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