牛津译林版八年级下册Unit8 A green world单元话题短文首字母填空练习（含解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 牛津译林版八年级下册Unit8 A green world单元话题短文首字母填空练习（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 43.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-06-05 14:11:37 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Unit 8 A green world
单元话题短文首字母填空练习
基础语篇巩固练
（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
In the past, Nezha’s hometown was a paradise with clear rivers and green mountains. Birds sang in forests while children played in open spaces. But everything changed when factories were built in the n 1 area. Thick smoke and chemical waste slowly t 2 the land into a gray desert.
“Father, we u 3 to swim in these rivers!” Nezha said to Li Jing, his father who once worked in a steel factory. Li Jing said sadly, “I realize that progress shouldn’t harm our e 4 .”
Nezha decided to i 5 the situation, and gathered all villagers. They removed plastic waste and planted new trees. Although the task seemed i 6 at first, their hard work started showing results.
Nezha’s mother, Yin Shi, organized women to clean the block around the ancient temple. “We must c 7 until every street shines,” she said, her hands covered in mud. Even the children helped, carrying water in tiny buckets.
After months of effort, fish r 8 to the rivers. At a village meeting, old Mr. Wang said, “This is the most fantastic view I’ve seen s 9 my childhood!” Everyone cheered when a butterfly landed on Nezha’s shoulder.
Nowadays, the villagers keep in touch through online groups to p 10 their home. As Nezha says, “True magic isn’t about fighting monsters, but guarding the beauty around us.”
（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）根据上下文意思, 完成缺词填空。
People always think that concert (音乐会) is a kind of elegant art. Musicians always play their musical instruments in a concert hall. These halls are always b 1 and clean. Many people go to the concerts. They can sit in these halls comfortably and l 2 to the wonderful music.
But in London, people h 3 a concert in a dump (垃圾堆). These people are all musicians. T 4 musical instruments are strange, too. They are all waste. The musicians look serious as if they played in the concert hall. They play c 5 and they don’t care a 6 how many people are listening to them. Maybe you want to know w 7 they play there. Do they have no good place to enjoy t 8
They want to call on people to protect our e 9 . By doing this, they also want to tell people that they can reuse waste. The waste is alsouseful if people treat it carefully. In this way, people can s 10 much energy.
（22-23八年级下·全国·课后作业）根据首字母提示补全短文。
The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty. This may s 1 strange to you, since nearly 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered w 2 water. But about 97% of that is sea water, or salt water. Humans can only drink and u 3 the other 3% the fresh water from rivers, lakes, the underground and o 4 sources. And we cannot even use all of that. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.
However, as things stand today, this fresh water is still e 5 for us. But our need for water is b 6 larger and larger—almost day by day. We should take s 7 to deal with this problem now and in this w 8 we can get away from a serious water shortage(短缺) later on.
We all have to learn how to s 9 wasting our valuable water. One of the steps is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent into a sewer system(排污系统). From there it r 10 to the sea or runs into underground places.
（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
I am a plastic bottle. A week ago, I was on a supermarket shelf, the s 1 as all my brothers and sisters—other bottles full of water. I felt really happy.
Then a tall woman picked me up and put me in her basket! The woman took me home and put me in the f 2 . It was cold, but I soon made friends with the cans and bottles in it. However, only a few hours later, she t 3 me out of the fridge and drank the water inside me. Then she threw me into a litter bin. I have never felt so empty and a 4 in my life.
Early the next morning, a man took me out of the litter bin. He threw me and the other rubbish into the b 5 of a truck. There were so many awful smells. Then I was pushed together with the r 6 of the rubbish. Soon I was completely flat. I cannot believe how thin I became.
I slept for a while. When I woke up, I found m 7 in a terrible place. Everything around me was ugly and had nasty smells. I felt afraid. I kept h 8 that I would be moved somewhere else. Then huge trucks came and covered us with a lot of soil.
I asked another bottle w 9 would happen to us. He said that we would never leave this crowded place, but would stay here for t 10 of years.
“Why can’t they reuse or recycle us ” I cried.
（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整, 每空一词。
The earth is our home. Some things we have done are good for the earth w 1 some are bad. We have polluted the earth, and it is sick now. We cut down too many trees, so lots of rich land has c 2 into desert. Factories pour wastewater into river. Pollution has caused many s 3 problems. The earth is crying for help. What shall we do to save it We should be different from many consumers (消费者) and become “green consumers”. This means that we can buy and use things f 4 to the environment. We can also recycle as many things as possible. We should also try to be “greener people”. We can plant more trees. We can ride bikes or take buses to r 5 air pollution. We shall never leave a room with the lights on. We can save water by taking shorter showers and t 6 off the tap when brushing teeth. We should r 7 to separate waste into different groups before throwing it away.
After all, we have o 8 one Earth. We should do everything to p 9 it, or we will be punished and lose our home. Lean to live in new and different ways, and we can make a d 10 .
（20-21八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, lots of traffic jams and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气). So in 2007, the city began a plan to improve the s 1 .
Under the Velib plan people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or a 2 bicycle station. The first half-hour on the bike is free, but if you don’t r 3 it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. But it’s only ?1 a day or ?29 a year! The bicycles are h 4 (25kg), and they are all grey and have baskets. There are about 20,000 of t 5 in the city, and around 1,450 bicycle stations.
Paris is not the f 6 city to have a project like this—not even in France, where Lyon started a “free” bicycle plan many years ago. And not everybody thinks it’s a great idea. One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only for short journeys. If people want to t 7 across the city, they won’t use a bicycle—they’ll still use their cars.”
A city spokesman said, “The bicycle project won’t solve all our traffic problems, of course. But it might help reduce(减少) air pollution levels in the atmosphere.
Everyone know about global warming and great climate changes—this is partly b 8 there’s so much pollution in the world. The bikes might help people to lead a much h 9 life. There aren’t any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities. But if we don’t anything now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to r 10 , so the problems in our environment will get worse.”
（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Plastic is a convenience (方便), but plastics can hurt the environment.Therefore, action must be taken to reduce their use.
There are many different w 1 to reduce your plastic use at home. To begin with, be s 2 to properly recycle everything you can and throw away what you can’t, such as plastic cups and dishes.
Shopping may be one of the hardest things to do when trying to avoid (避免) plastic. B 3 you walk out of the door, make sure you have a shopping list with e 4 that you will need or eat. This will reduce food waste and the amount of plastic packaging.
Believe it or not, it is p 5 to avoid plastics while on vacation. You may book one of the hotels which don’t provide the plastics that can only be used o 6 . As for take-home gifts, don’t buy products made from plastics. Or give up traditional gifts and give someone a picture you take yourself i 7 , which can be more special.
It seems l 8 a difficult task to take all the actions immediately, so begin small and take larger steps towards a plastic-free life. Don’t be afraid to s 9 your stories. Many people’s actions can change the world for the better. If we can help o 10 make the change to a plastic-free life, we’ll be doing the world a huge favor.
（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期末）Put 2 February in your diary! It is World Wetlands Day! It marks (标志) the d 1 that the Convention (公约) on Wetlands was signed in 1971. This s 2 day was first celebrated in 1997 and it is celebrated every year.
The celebration calls on people to take a 3 . It is a way to show people how important and useful the wetlands are for h 4 . On World Wetlands Day, people around the world take part in many wetlands activities. People take trips to the local wetlands. There are t 5 about how important the wetlands are. People get together to clean up their local wetlands. Children draw pictures to advertise the day. People also compete in boat races.
The World Wetlands Day is important! Wetlands can help protect nature and resources (资源) l 6 fresh water. If there are no wetlands, there will be no fresh water for a 7 in the future. Already, more than one billion people in the world do not have fresh water.
People can understand w 8 an elephant or a tiger is important because they are big beautiful animals. It is much h 9 for them to understand how important the animals in the wetlands are. These small animals, such as frogs and butterflies, play an important part in keeping the balance (平衡) of nature.
All plants and animals are part of the food chain. If the small wetland animals die, some animals in the food chain will have n 10 to eat. They will also die. People need the wetlands to keep the balance of nature in the world.
重难语篇拔高练
（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
What is Earth Hour
Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and it’s a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people “go d 1 ,” that is, turn off lights in their homes, schools and businesses all at the same time for one hour.
Earth Hour started in Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all unnecessary lights for an hour. Since then, it has grown into an i 2 event, and many countries around the world have taken part. Famous buildings that have gone dark for Earth Hour include Buckingham Palace in London, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the Forbidden City in Beijing and New York’s Empire State Building. E 3 astronauts on the Space Station have taken part by reducing their power use on the station, and Google has shown its s 4 by making a dark homepage for the event.
What’s the idea b 5 Earth Hour
The idea is to raise awareness of environmental issues and call for a 6 to protect nature. It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power. But this is only the b 7 .
On one level, joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of environmental issues and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature. For example, eating less meat, using low-energy electrical items instead of high-energy o 8 and using green forms of transport all help the planet.
But on another level, a large number of people all acting t 9 sends a powerful message to governments and companies. It p 10 them to take action on a large scale by considering green issues when making big decisions.
答案与解析
基础语篇巩固练
（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
In the past, Nezha’s hometown was a paradise with clear rivers and green mountains. Birds sang in forests while children played in open spaces. But everything changed when factories were built in the n 1 area. Thick smoke and chemical waste slowly t 2 the land into a gray desert.
“Father, we u 3 to swim in these rivers!” Nezha said to Li Jing, his father who once worked in a steel factory. Li Jing said sadly, “I realize that progress shouldn’t harm our e 4 .”
Nezha decided to i 5 the situation, and gathered all villagers. They removed plastic waste and planted new trees. Although the task seemed i 6 at first, their hard work started showing results.
Nezha’s mother, Yin Shi, organized women to clean the block around the ancient temple. “We must c 7 until every street shines,” she said, her hands covered in mud. Even the children helped, carrying water in tiny buckets.
After months of effort, fish r 8 to the rivers. At a village meeting, old Mr. Wang said, “This is the most fantastic view I’ve seen s 9 my childhood!” Everyone cheered when a butterfly landed on Nezha’s shoulder.
Nowadays, the villagers keep in touch through online groups to p 10 their home. As Nezha says, “True magic isn’t about fighting monsters, but guarding the beauty around us.”
【答案】
1．(n)orthern 2．(t)urned 3．(u)sed 4．(e)nvironment 5．(i)mprove 6．(i)mpossible 7．(c)ontinue/(c)lean 8．(r)eturned 9．(s)ince 10．(p)rotect
【导语】本文通过哪吒家乡的环境变迁，讲述了一个生态保护与修复的故事。
1．句意：但是当工厂建在这个地区时，一切都改变了。根据“But everything changed when factories were built in the...area.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示工厂修建的位置。northern“北方的”，形容词，符合语境。故填(n)orthern。
2．句意：浓烟和化学废料慢慢地使土地变成了一片灰蒙蒙的沙漠。根据首字母提示及“Thick smoke and chemical waste slowly...the land into a gray desert.”可知，此处考查固定搭配：turn...into...“把……变成……”。结合语境，该句时态为一般过去时。turn的过去式为turned。故填(t)urned。
3．句意：爸爸，我们过去常在这些河中游泳！根据首字母提示及“we...to swim in these rivers!”可知，此处考查固定搭配：used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”。故填(u)sed。
4．句意：我意识到发展不应该伤害我们的环境。根据首字母及前文“Thick smoke and chemical waste slowly turned the land into a gray desert.”可知，此处表示我意识到发展不应该伤害我们的环境。environment“环境”，符合语境。故填(e)nvironment。
5．句意：哪吒决定改善现状并召集所有村民。根据首字母提示及“Nezha decided to...the situation,”可知，此处表示哪吒决定改善现状。to后接动词原形。improve“改善”，符合语境。故填(i)mprove。
6．句意：虽然起初看来任务似乎很难完成，但他们辛勤的工作开始显示出成效。根据首字母提示及“Although the task seemed...at first, their hard work started showing results.”可知，前后表示转折，此处表示任务起初看似不可能。impossible“不可能的”，符合语境。故填(i)mpossible。
7．句意：我们必须一直干下去，直到每条街道都亮起来。根据首字母提示及“Nezha’s mother, Yin Shi, organized women to clean the block around the ancient temple.”可知，此处表示我们必须一直干下去或者是一直清扫，直到每条街道都亮起来。continue“继续”；clean“清扫”，符合语境。故填(c)ontinue/(c)lean。
8．句意：经过几个月的努力，鱼儿又游回河里了。根据首字母提示及“fish...to the rivers.”可知，此处表示鱼儿回到河里，应该用一般过去时。return“回到”，过去式为returned。故填(r)eturned。
9．句意：这是我自童年以来见过的最奇妙的景色！根据首字母提示及“This is the most fantastic view I’ve seen...my childhood!”可知，该句表示这是我自童年以来见过的最奇妙的景色！“since+时间点”表示自童年以来结构，符合语境。填(s)ince。
10．句意：如今，村民们通过在线群组保持联系，以保护他们的家园。根据首字母提示及“the villagers keep in touch through online groups to...their home.”可知，此处表示村民们通过在线群组保持联系，以保护他们的家园。to后接动词原形，protect“保护”，动词，符合语境。故填(p)rotect。
（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）根据上下文意思, 完成缺词填空。
People always think that concert (音乐会) is a kind of elegant art. Musicians always play their musical instruments in a concert hall. These halls are always b 1 and clean. Many people go to the concerts. They can sit in these halls comfortably and l 2 to the wonderful music.
But in London, people h 3 a concert in a dump (垃圾堆). These people are all musicians. T 4 musical instruments are strange, too. They are all waste. The musicians look serious as if they played in the concert hall. They play c 5 and they don’t care a 6 how many people are listening to them. Maybe you want to know w 7 they play there. Do they have no good place to enjoy t 8
They want to call on people to protect our e 9 . By doing this, they also want to tell people that they can reuse waste. The waste is alsouseful if people treat it carefully. In this way, people can s 10 much energy.
【答案】
1．(b)right/(b)ig 2．(l)isten 3．(h)old 4．(T)heir 5．(c)arefully 6．(a)bout 7．(w)hy 8．(t)hemselves 9．(e)nvironment 10．(s)ave
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了人们用废物做成乐器在垃圾场演奏音乐，目的是呼吁人们保护环境。
1．句意：这些大厅总是明亮且干净的。根据“These halls are always… to the wonderful music.”和首字母提示可知，很多人舒适地坐在大厅听音乐，可推测，音乐厅应该是bright“明亮的”或big“大的”的场所，and连接并列的成分，clean是原级，bright或big也应用原级。故填(b)right/(b)ig。
2．句意：他们可以舒适地坐在大厅里，听美妙的音乐会。根据“They can sit in these halls comfortably and… to the wonderful music.”和首字母提示可知，是在音乐厅“听音乐”，即listen to music，固定短语，且and连接并列的成分，情态动词can后接动词原形，所以，此处应是listen。故填(l)isten。
3．句意：但在伦敦，人们在垃圾场举办音乐会。根据“But in London, people… a concert in a dump.”和首字母提示可知，在垃圾场举办音乐会，hold“举办”符合题意，且结合上下文可知，本句是一般现在时，主语people是复数人称，谓语动词应用动词原形，即hold。故填(h)old。
4．句意：他们的乐器也很奇怪。“… musical instruments are strange, too.”和首字母提示可知，此处their“他们的”，形容词性物主代词修饰名词instruments，意为“他们的乐器”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填(T)heir。
5．句意：他们演奏得非常认真，不在乎有多少人在听。“They play… how many people are listening to them.”可知，他们演奏得非常认真，不在乎有多少人在听，结合首字母，carefully“仔细地”符合题意，副词carefully修饰动词play。故填(c)arefully。
6．句意：他们演奏得非常认真，不在乎有多少人在听。根据“they don’t care… how many people are listening to them.”和首字母提示可知，演奏音乐不在乎观众的数量，care about“在意”，固定短语，所以，about“关于”符合题意。故填(a)bout。
7．句意：也许你想知道他们为什么在那里演奏。根据“They play… how many people are listening to them.”可知，他们演奏不在乎有多少人在听，所以，你肯定想知道他们为什么在那里演奏，结合首字母，这里需要疑问词why，表示原因。故填(w)hy。
8．句意：他们没有一个好的地方可以享受生活吗？根据“Do they have no good place to enjoy… ”和首字母提示可知，enjoy oneself“享受”，固定短语，主语是they，所以，oneself应用themselves。故填(t)hemselves。
9．句意：他们想呼吁人们保护我们的环境。根据“They want to call on people to protect our….”和首字母提示可知，protect our environment“保护我们的环境”，“environment环境”符合题意。故填(e)nvironment。
10．句意：通过这种方式，人们可以节省很多能源。根据“In this way, people can… much energy.”和首字母提示可知，save energy“节省能源”，“save节省”符合题意。故填(s)ave。
（22-23八年级下·全国·课后作业）根据首字母提示补全短文。
The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty. This may s 1 strange to you, since nearly 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered w 2 water. But about 97% of that is sea water, or salt water. Humans can only drink and u 3 the other 3% the fresh water from rivers, lakes, the underground and o 4 sources. And we cannot even use all of that. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.
However, as things stand today, this fresh water is still e 5 for us. But our need for water is b 6 larger and larger—almost day by day. We should take s 7 to deal with this problem now and in this w 8 we can get away from a serious water shortage(短缺) later on.
We all have to learn how to s 9 wasting our valuable water. One of the steps is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent into a sewer system(排污系统). From there it r 10 to the sea or runs into underground places.
【答案】
1．(s)eem 2．(w)ith 3．(u)se 4．(o)ther 5．(e)nough 6．(b)ecoming 7．(s)teps 8．(w)ay 9．(s)top 10．(r)eturns
【导语】本文主要介绍了水资源短缺的问题以及如何解决这个问题。
1．句意：这对你来说可能很奇怪，因为地球表面近71%被水覆盖。根据“This may …strange to you”及首字母可知，似乎很奇怪，seem“似乎”，may后接动词原形，故填(s)eem。
2．句意：这对你来说可能很奇怪，因为地球表面近71%被水覆盖。be covered with“被……覆盖”，固定搭配，故填(w)ith。
3．句意：人类只能饮用和使用来自河流、湖泊、地下和其他来源的另外3%的淡水。根据“Humans can only drink and … the other 3% the fresh water”及首字母可知，人类只能用淡水资源，use“使用”，can后接动词原形，故填(u)se。
4．句意：人类只能饮用和使用来自河流、湖泊、地下和其他来源的另外3%的淡水。根据“rivers, lakes, the underground and…sources”及首字母可知，此处指其他的资源，other“其他的”，后接复数名词，故填(o)ther。
5．句意：然而，就今天的情况来看，这些淡水对我们来说仍然足够。根据“this fresh water is still …for us.”及首字母可知，这些淡水对我们来说是足够的，enough“足够的”，故填(e)nough。
6．句意：但是我们对水的需求正变得越来越大——几乎是每一天。根据“our need for water is…larger and larger”及首字母可知，对淡水资源的需求变得越来越大，become“变得”，根据is可知，此空应填现在分词，故填(b)ecoming。
7．句意：我们现在应该采取措施来解决这个问题，这样我们就可以避免以后严重的水资源短缺。根据“We should take… to deal with this problem”及首字母可知，此处指采取措施来解决这个问题，take steps“采取措施”，故填(s)teps。
8．句意：我们现在应该采取措施来解决这个问题，这样我们就可以避免以后严重的水资源短缺。根据“in this … we can get away from a serious water shortage(短缺) later on”及首字母可知，用这种方法我们就可以避免水资源短缺，in this way“用这种方法”，故填(w)ay。
9．句意：我们都必须学会如何停止浪费我们宝贵的水。根据“One of the steps is to develop ways of reusing it.”及首字母可知，要学着停止浪费水资源，stop“停止”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填(s)top。
10．句意;从那里它回到大海或流入地下。根据“then sent into a sewer system”及“to the sea”可知，通过排污系统再返回大海，return“返回”，根据runs可知，此空应填动词三单，故填(r)eturns。
（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
I am a plastic bottle. A week ago, I was on a supermarket shelf, the s 1 as all my brothers and sisters—other bottles full of water. I felt really happy.
Then a tall woman picked me up and put me in her basket! The woman took me home and put me in the f 2 . It was cold, but I soon made friends with the cans and bottles in it. However, only a few hours later, she t 3 me out of the fridge and drank the water inside me. Then she threw me into a litter bin. I have never felt so empty and a 4 in my life.
Early the next morning, a man took me out of the litter bin. He threw me and the other rubbish into the b 5 of a truck. There were so many awful smells. Then I was pushed together with the r 6 of the rubbish. Soon I was completely flat. I cannot believe how thin I became.
I slept for a while. When I woke up, I found m 7 in a terrible place. Everything around me was ugly and had nasty smells. I felt afraid. I kept h 8 that I would be moved somewhere else. Then huge trucks came and covered us with a lot of soil.
I asked another bottle w 9 would happen to us. He said that we would never leave this crowded place, but would stay here for t 10 of years.
“Why can’t they reuse or recycle us ” I cried.
【答案】
1．(s)ame 2．(f)ridge 3．(t)ook 4．(a)fraid/(a)wful 5．(b)ack 6．(r)est 7．(m)yself 8．(h)oping 9．(w)hat 10．(t)housands
【导语】本文以一个塑料瓶的口吻自述，讲述自己的经历：从被买，进冰箱，被喝完水后扔进垃圾桶，被收进垃圾车，被压扁，到最后被土壤填埋。最后提出问题：为什么塑料没有被再利用或循环利用。
1．句意：一周前，我和所有兄弟姐妹——其他装满水的瓶子一样，在超市的货架上。根据“the...as”和首字母提示可知，此处应是the same as“与……一样”。故填(s)ame。
2．句意：那个女人把我带回家，把我放在冰箱里。根据下文“It was cold...me out of the fridge”和首字母提示可知，此处指在冰箱里，fridge“冰箱”。故填(f)ridge。
3．句意：然而，仅仅几个小时后，她就把我从冰箱里拿出来，喝了我装着的水。根据“However, only a few hours later, she...me out of the fridge and drank the water inside me.”和首字母提示可知，此处指把瓶子从冰箱里拿出来，take sth. out of...“从……中拿出某物”，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填(t)ook。
4．句意：我一生中从未感到如此空虚和害怕/糟糕。根据“Then she threw me into a litter bin. I have never felt so empty and...in my life.”和首字母提示可知，她把“我”扔进垃圾箱里，“我”感到空虚和害怕/糟糕，afraid“害怕的”/awful“糟糕的”符合语境，在此处作表语。故填(a)fraid/(a)wful。
5．句意：他把我和其他垃圾扔进了一辆卡车的后备箱里。根据“He threw me and the other rubbish into the...of a truck.”和首字母提示可知，把垃圾扔进卡车的后备箱，back of a truck“卡车后备箱”。故填(b)ack。
6．句意：然后我和其他垃圾被推到了一起。根据上文“He threw me and the other rubbish into...”和首字母提示可知，此处指其他垃圾，the rest of“其余的……”。故填(r)est。
7．句意：当我醒来时，我发现自己在一个可怕的地方。根据“When I woke up, I found...in a terrible place.”和首字母提示可知，醒来后发现自己身处于一个很可怕的地方，主语是“I”，空处应是反身代词myself“我自己”。故填(m)yself。
8．句意：我一直希望我能被转移到别的地方。根据上文“Everything around me was ugly and had nasty smells. I felt afraid.”可知，“我”周围的一切都很丑陋，散发着难闻的气味，“我”感到害怕。结合首字母提示，此处应是表示“希望自己能被转移到别处”，hope“希望”，keep doing sth.“一直做某事”。故填(h)oping。
9．句意：我问另一个瓶子我们会怎么样。根据“...would happen to us.”和首字母提示可知，此处应是what would happen“会发生什么”。故填(w)hat。
10．句意：他说我们永远不会离开这个拥挤的地方，而是会在这里待上几千年。for后接时间段，结合首字母提示，此处应是thousands of years“数千年”。故填(t)housands。
（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整, 每空一词。
The earth is our home. Some things we have done are good for the earth w 1 some are bad. We have polluted the earth, and it is sick now. We cut down too many trees, so lots of rich land has c 2 into desert. Factories pour wastewater into river. Pollution has caused many s 3 problems. The earth is crying for help. What shall we do to save it We should be different from many consumers (消费者) and become “green consumers”. This means that we can buy and use things f 4 to the environment. We can also recycle as many things as possible. We should also try to be “greener people”. We can plant more trees. We can ride bikes or take buses to r 5 air pollution. We shall never leave a room with the lights on. We can save water by taking shorter showers and t 6 off the tap when brushing teeth. We should r 7 to separate waste into different groups before throwing it away.
After all, we have o 8 one Earth. We should do everything to p 9 it, or we will be punished and lose our home. Lean to live in new and different ways, and we can make a d 10 .
【答案】
1．(w)hile 2．(c)hanged 3．(s)erious 4．(f)riendly 5．(r)educe 6．(t)urning 7．(r)emember 8．(o)nly 9．(p)rotect 10．(d)ifference
【导语】本文讲述的是地球是我们的家，我们人类的一些坏的做法使得地球环境深受破坏，为了拯救地球，我们应该采取一些措施来保护我们的地球。
1．句意：我们所做的一些事对地球有益，但有些事却是有害的。前后表示转折，由于首字母w，所以是while“然而”。故填(w)hile。
2．句意：我们砍伐了太多的树木，许多肥沃的土地变成了沙漠。根据“so lots of rich land has c.. into desert”因此许多肥沃的土地……沙漠，结合首字母c，所以是变成沙漠。由于此句是现在完成时，所以是动词过去分词changed。故填(c)hanged。
3．句意：污染已经引发了许多严重的问题。分析句子可知，横线上是形容词修饰名词problems，由于后文“The earth is crying for help.”可知问题严重，由于首字母是s，所以是形容词serious“严重的”。故填(s)erious。
4．句意：这意味着我们可以购买和使用对环境友好的东西。根据“green consumers”环保顾客，可知是对环境友好。考查“be friendly to”对……友好。故填(f)riendly。
5．句意：我们可以骑自行车或乘坐公共汽车来减少空气污染。根据前文是骑车或乘公交车，所以是减少污染。故填(r)educe。
6．句意：我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间、刷牙时关闭水龙头来节约用水。根据前文说节约水，所以是关闭水龙头。故填(t)urning。
7．句意：我们应该记住在扔掉垃圾之前先将其分成不同的类别。分析句子可知，横线上应是动词，根据“We should...to separate...”可知，我们应该记得去……，考查短语“remember to do”记得去做。故填(r)emember。
8．句意：毕竟，我们只有一个地球。根据“we have o...one Earth”我们有……一个地球。结合首字母o，所以是“唯一一个”。故填(o)nly。
9．句意：我们应该尽一切努力保护它，否则我们将受到惩罚并失去我们的家园。横线后it代指地球，所以是保护地球，结合首字母p，所以是动词protect。故填(p)rotect。
10．句意：学会以新的、不同的方式生活，我们就能发挥作用。前文说的是以新的不同的方式生活，对保护地球会起到作用。考查短语“make a difference”起到影响。故填(d)ifference。
（20-21八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, lots of traffic jams and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气). So in 2007, the city began a plan to improve the s 1 .
Under the Velib plan people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or a 2 bicycle station. The first half-hour on the bike is free, but if you don’t r 3 it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. But it’s only ?1 a day or ?29 a year! The bicycles are h 4 (25kg), and they are all grey and have baskets. There are about 20,000 of t 5 in the city, and around 1,450 bicycle stations.
Paris is not the f 6 city to have a project like this—not even in France, where Lyon started a “free” bicycle plan many years ago. And not everybody thinks it’s a great idea. One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only for short journeys. If people want to t 7 across the city, they won’t use a bicycle—they’ll still use their cars.”
A city spokesman said, “The bicycle project won’t solve all our traffic problems, of course. But it might help reduce(减少) air pollution levels in the atmosphere.
Everyone know about global warming and great climate changes—this is partly b 8 there’s so much pollution in the world. The bikes might help people to lead a much h 9 life. There aren’t any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities. But if we don’t anything now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to r 10 , so the problems in our environment will get worse.”
【答案】
1．(s)ituation 2．(a)nother 3．(r)eturn 4．(h)eavy 5．(t)hem 6．(f)irst 7．(t)ravel 8．(b)ecause 9．(h)ealthier 10．(r)ise
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要说巴黎像很多大城市一样，有很多交通问题：汽车多，交通堵塞和大量的废气污染。为了改善这一现状，城市开始实施一些计划，介绍了一种新的自行车骑行方案，呼吁人们为了环境和自己的身体健康，多骑自行车。
1．句意：因此，2007年，该市开始了一项改善这种状况的计划。根据上文“Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, lots of traffic jams and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气).”可知，像所有大城市一样，巴黎有很多交通问题：汽车多，交通堵塞多和大量的废气污染。因此该市制定计划来改善这种“情况”。situation名词，情况。故填(s)ituation。
2．句意：根据Velib计划，人们可以骑一辆自行车，想用多久就用多久，然后把它放在同一个或另一个自行车站。根据“leave it at the same”可知，是放在同一个或“另一个”自行车站。another另一，又一。故填(a)nother。
3．句意：骑自行车的前半小时是免费的，但如果30分钟后不还，你就得付钱。根据“The first half-hour on the bike is free”可知，前半小时是免费的，如果30分钟不“归还”就需要付钱。return归还。故填(r)eturn。
4．句意：这些自行车很重(25公斤)，都是灰色的，有篮筐。根据25kg可知，自行车很重。heavy重的。故填(h)eavy。
5．句意：这个城市大约有2万个这样的自行车，大约有1450个自行车站。根据“The bicycles are…and they are all grey and have baskets.”可知，自行车很重，车身是纯灰色并且有篮筐。该城市有2万辆这种自行车，此处them作为介宾，代替bicycles。故填(t)hem。
6．句意：巴黎并不是第一个有这样项目的城市——甚至在法国，里昂在许多年前就开始了一个“免费”自行车计划。根据“not even in France”可知，此处说的是并不是“第一个”有这种项目的城市。first序数词，第一。故填(f)irst。
7．句意：如果人们想要穿越城市，他们不会使用自行车，他们仍然会使用汽车。对应上文 journeys，如果长途出行，穿过整个城市的话，人们不会骑自行车。travel旅游。故填(t)ravel。
8．句意：每个人都知道全球变暖和巨大的气候变化——部分原因是世界上有太多的污染。此处是因果关系，因为污染所以造成全球变暖。because因为。故填(b)ecause。
9．句意：自行车可以帮助人们过上更健康的生活。much后跟比较级，healthier更加健康的。故填(h)ealthier。
10．句意：如果不采取措施，温度会继续上升。根据“temperatures will continue…”可知，如果不采取措施，温度会继续“上升”。rise上升。故填(r)ise。
（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Plastic is a convenience (方便), but plastics can hurt the environment.Therefore, action must be taken to reduce their use.
There are many different w 1 to reduce your plastic use at home. To begin with, be s 2 to properly recycle everything you can and throw away what you can’t, such as plastic cups and dishes.
Shopping may be one of the hardest things to do when trying to avoid (避免) plastic. B 3 you walk out of the door, make sure you have a shopping list with e 4 that you will need or eat. This will reduce food waste and the amount of plastic packaging.
Believe it or not, it is p 5 to avoid plastics while on vacation. You may book one of the hotels which don’t provide the plastics that can only be used o 6 . As for take-home gifts, don’t buy products made from plastics. Or give up traditional gifts and give someone a picture you take yourself i 7 , which can be more special.
It seems l 8 a difficult task to take all the actions immediately, so begin small and take larger steps towards a plastic-free life. Don’t be afraid to s 9 your stories. Many people’s actions can change the world for the better. If we can help o 10 make the change to a plastic-free life, we’ll be doing the world a huge favor.
【答案】
1．(w)ays 2．(s)ure 3．(B)efore 4．(e)verything 5．(p)ossible 6．(o)nce 7．(i)nstead 8．(l)ike 9．(s)hare 10．(o)thers
【导语】本文主要讲述了塑料对环境的危害，提出了减少使用塑料的行动。
1．句意：有很多不同的方法来减少你在家中使用塑料。根据“to reduce your plastic use at home...To begin with,”可知，下文介绍了减少使用塑料的方法，way“方法”；many后跟名词复数。故填(w)ays。
2．句意：首先，确保你能正确回收所有可以回收的东西，并扔掉不能回收的东西，比如塑料杯和盘子。根据“be s...to properly recycle everything you can”可知，要确保能正确回收，be sure to do“确保做某事”。故填(s)ure。
3．句意：在你出门之前，确保你有一张购物清单，上面列有你需要或吃的所有东西。根据“you walk out of the door,”可知，是指在你出门之前，before“在……之前”。故填(B)efore。
4．句意：在你出门之前，确保你有一张购物清单，上面列有你需要或吃的所有东西。根据“with e... that you will need or eat.”可知，此处是定语从句，缺少先行词，everything“一切事物”符合语境。故填(e)verything。
5．句意：信不信由你，在度假时避免使用塑料是可能的。根据“Believe it or not,”可知，此处是指在度假时避免使用塑料是可能的，possible“可能的”，形容词作表语。故填(p)ossible。
6．句意：你可以预订那些不提供一次性塑料用品的酒店。根据“which don’t provide the plastics that can only be used o”可知，为了避免塑料，可以预定不提供一次性塑料用品的酒店。once“一次”符合语境。故填(o)nce。
7．句意：或者放弃传统礼物，送给别人一张你自己拍的照片，这可能更特别。根据“Or give up traditional gifts and give someone a picture you take yourself i”可知，可以用自己拍的照片来代替，instead“代替”。故填(i)nstead。
8．句意：立即采取所有行动似乎是一项艰巨的任务，所以从小事做起，逐步迈向无塑生活。seem like“似乎是”，是固定短语。故填(l)ike。
9．句意：不要害怕分享你的故事。根据“Don’t be afraid to s...your stories.”可知，此处是指不要害怕分享自己的故事，share“分享”；空前有不定式符号to，后跟动词原形。故填(s)hare。
10． 句意：如果我们能帮助其他人改变成无塑生活，我们将为世界做出巨大的贡献。根据help o...make the change to a plastic-free life,“”可知，此处是help sb do sth结构，others“其他人”符合语境。故填(o)thers。
（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期末）Put 2 February in your diary! It is World Wetlands Day! It marks (标志) the d 1 that the Convention (公约) on Wetlands was signed in 1971. This s 2 day was first celebrated in 1997 and it is celebrated every year.
The celebration calls on people to take a 3 . It is a way to show people how important and useful the wetlands are for h 4 . On World Wetlands Day, people around the world take part in many wetlands activities. People take trips to the local wetlands. There are t 5 about how important the wetlands are. People get together to clean up their local wetlands. Children draw pictures to advertise the day. People also compete in boat races.
The World Wetlands Day is important! Wetlands can help protect nature and resources (资源) l 6 fresh water. If there are no wetlands, there will be no fresh water for a 7 in the future. Already, more than one billion people in the world do not have fresh water.
People can understand w 8 an elephant or a tiger is important because they are big beautiful animals. It is much h 9 for them to understand how important the animals in the wetlands are. These small animals, such as frogs and butterflies, play an important part in keeping the balance (平衡) of nature.
All plants and animals are part of the food chain. If the small wetland animals die, some animals in the food chain will have n 10 to eat. They will also die. People need the wetlands to keep the balance of nature in the world.
【答案】
1．(d)ate 2．(s)pecial 3．(a)ction 4．(h)umans 5．(t)alks 6．(l)ike 7．(a)nyone 8．(w)hy 9．(h)arder 10．(n)othing
【导语】本文简短介绍了世界湿地日，一个旨在提高湿地保护意识的全球纪念日。它强调了湿地对自然和资源的重要性，尤其是淡水资源，并呼吁人们采取行动保护湿地，以维持生态平衡。
1．句意：这一天是1971年《湿地公约》签署的日子。根据“It is World Wetlands Day! It marks (标志) the ... that the Convention (公约) on Wetlands was signed in 1971.”及首字母可知，这一天是《湿地公约》签署的日子，date“日期”符合。故填(d)ate。
2．句意：这个特殊的日子首次庆祝于1997年，每年都会庆祝。根据“This ... day was first celebrated in 1997 and it is celebrated every year.”及首字母可知，人们首次庆祝这个特殊的日子是在1997年，special“特殊的”符合，形容词作定语。故填(s)pecial。
3．句意：庆祝活动呼吁人们采取行动。根据“The celebration calls on people to take ...”及首字母可知，是呼吁人们采取行动，take action“采取行动”。故填(a)ction。
4．句意：这是一种向人们展示湿地对人类有多重要和有用的方式。根据“how important and useful the wetlands are for ...”可知，湿地对人类有多重要和有用，humans“人类”符合。故填(h)umans。
5．句意：有关于湿地有多重要的讨论。根据“There are ... about how important the wetlands are.”及首字母可知，有很多关于湿地有多重要的讨论，talk“讨论”符合，结合are可知，此处用名词复数。故填(t)alks。
6．句意：湿地可以帮助保护自然和淡水等资源。根据“Wetlands can help protect nature and resources (资源) ... fresh water.”及首字母可知，是像淡水一样的资源，like“像”符合。故填(l)ike。
7．句意：如果没有湿地，未来任何人都不会有淡水。根据“If there are no wetlands, there will be no fresh water for ... in the future.”及首字母可知，未来任何人都不会有淡水，anyone“任何人”符合。故填(a)nyone。
8．句意：人们可以理解为什么大象或老虎很重要，因为它们是大而美丽的动物。根据“People can understand ... an elephant or a tiger is important because they are big beautiful animals.”及首字母可知，是理解大象或老虎很重要的原因，why“为什么”符合，引导宾语从句。故填(w)hy。
9．句意：他们很难理解湿地里的动物有多重要。根据“It is much ... for them to understand how important the animals in the wetlands are.”及首字母可知，人们很难理解湿地的动物有多重要，hard“困难的”符合，much修饰比较级，此处用比较级harder。故填(h)arder。
10．句意：如果小型湿地动物死亡，食物链中的一些动物将没有东西吃。根据“If the small wetland animals die, some animals in the food chain will have ... to eat. They will also die.”及首字母可知，一些食物链中的动物就没有东西吃，就会死，nothing“没有什么”符合。故填(n)othing。
重难语篇拔高练
（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
What is Earth Hour
Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and it’s a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people “go d 1 ,” that is, turn off lights in their homes, schools and businesses all at the same time for one hour.
Earth Hour started in Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all unnecessary lights for an hour. Since then, it has grown into an i 2 event, and many countries around the world have taken part. Famous buildings that have gone dark for Earth Hour include Buckingham Palace in London, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the Forbidden City in Beijing and New York’s Empire State Building. E 3 astronauts on the Space Station have taken part by reducing their power use on the station, and Google has shown its s 4 by making a dark homepage for the event.
What’s the idea b 5 Earth Hour
The idea is to raise awareness of environmental issues and call for a 6 to protect nature. It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power. But this is only the b 7 .
On one level, joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of environmental issues and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature. For example, eating less meat, using low-energy electrical items instead of high-energy o 8 and using green forms of transport all help the planet.
But on another level, a large number of people all acting t 9 sends a powerful message to governments and companies. It p 10 them to take action on a large scale by considering green issues when making big decisions.
【答案】
1．(d)ark 2．(i)nternational 3．(E)ven 4．(s)upport 5．(b)ehind 6．(a)ction 7．(b)eginning 8．(o)nes 9．(t)ogether 10．(p)ushes
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地球一小时活动的起源、活动和意义。
1．句意：在这天晚上，人们“变暗”，也就是说，在家里、学校和公司的灯都在同一时间关灯一个小时。根据“turn off lights in their homes, schools and businesses all at the same time for one hour.”和首字母d可知，此处指处在黑暗中，dark“黑暗的”符合句意。故填(d)ark。
2．句意：从那时起，它已经发展成为一个国际活动，世界上许多国家都参加了。根据“and many countries around the world have taken part”和首字母i可知，地球一小时成为了一个国际活动，形容词international“国际的”作定语修饰event。故填(i)nternational。
3．句意：即使是在空间站的宇航员也通过减少在空间站上的电力使用来参与其中，谷歌也为该活动制作了一个黑色的主页，以示支持。根据“astronauts on the Space Station have taken part by reducing their power use on the station”和首字母E可知，甚至空间站的宇航员也参与了该活动，副词even“甚至”符合句意。故填(E)ven。
4．句意：即使是在空间站的宇航员也通过减少在空间站上的电力使用来参与其中，谷歌也为该活动制作了一个黑色的主页，以示支持。根据“Google has shown its...by making a dark homepage for the event.”和首字母s可知，谷歌也支持这项活动，应用名词support“支持”作宾语。故填(s)upport。
5．句意：地球一小时背后的理念是什么？根据“The idea is to raise awareness of environmental issues and...”和首字母b可知，此处指该活动背后的含义，介词behind“在……后面”符合句意。故填(b)ehind。
6．句意：该活动旨在提高人们对环境问题的认识，并呼吁采取行动保护自然。根据“It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.”和首字母a可知，此处指采取行动保护自然，应用名词action“行动”作宾语。故填(a)ction。
7．句意：但这仅仅是个开始。根据“It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.”和首字母b可知，关灯仅仅是一个开始，名词beginning“开始”符合句意。故填(b)eginning。
8．句意：例如，少吃肉，使用低能量的电器而不是高能量的电器，使用绿色交通工具，这些都有助于保护地球。根据“using low-energy electrical items instead of high-energy...”和首字母o可知，此处应用代词ones指代electrical items。故填(o)nes。
9．句意：但在另一个层面上，很多人一起行动向政府和公司发出了一个强有力的信息。根据“a large number of people all acting...”和首字母t可知，此处指多人一起行动，副词together“一起”符合句意。故填(t)ogether。
10．句意：它促使他们在做出重大决定时考虑环保问题，从而采取大规模行动。根据“...them to take action on a large scale by considering green issues when making big decisions.”和首字母p可知，此处指促使政府和公司考虑环保问题，动词push“推动，促使”符合句意。本句时态为一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，动词要用三单形式。故填(p)ushes。
单元话题短文首字母填空练习
基础语篇巩固练
（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
In the past, Nezha’s hometown was a paradise with clear rivers and green mountains. Birds sang in forests while children played in open spaces. But everything changed when factories were built in the n 1 area. Thick smoke and chemical waste slowly t 2 the land into a gray desert.
“Father, we u 3 to swim in these rivers!” Nezha said to Li Jing, his father who once worked in a steel factory. Li Jing said sadly, “I realize that progress shouldn’t harm our e 4 .”
Nezha decided to i 5 the situation, and gathered all villagers. They removed plastic waste and planted new trees. Although the task seemed i 6 at first, their hard work started showing results.
Nezha’s mother, Yin Shi, organized women to clean the block around the ancient temple. “We must c 7 until every street shines,” she said, her hands covered in mud. Even the children helped, carrying water in tiny buckets.
After months of effort, fish r 8 to the rivers. At a village meeting, old Mr. Wang said, “This is the most fantastic view I’ve seen s 9 my childhood!” Everyone cheered when a butterfly landed on Nezha’s shoulder.
Nowadays, the villagers keep in touch through online groups to p 10 their home. As Nezha says, “True magic isn’t about fighting monsters, but guarding the beauty around us.”
（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）根据上下文意思, 完成缺词填空。
People always think that concert (音乐会) is a kind of elegant art. Musicians always play their musical instruments in a concert hall. These halls are always b 1 and clean. Many people go to the concerts. They can sit in these halls comfortably and l 2 to the wonderful music.
But in London, people h 3 a concert in a dump (垃圾堆). These people are all musicians. T 4 musical instruments are strange, too. They are all waste. The musicians look serious as if they played in the concert hall. They play c 5 and they don’t care a 6 how many people are listening to them. Maybe you want to know w 7 they play there. Do they have no good place to enjoy t 8
They want to call on people to protect our e 9 . By doing this, they also want to tell people that they can reuse waste. The waste is alsouseful if people treat it carefully. In this way, people can s 10 much energy.
（22-23八年级下·全国·课后作业）根据首字母提示补全短文。
The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty. This may s 1 strange to you, since nearly 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered w 2 water. But about 97% of that is sea water, or salt water. Humans can only drink and u 3 the other 3% the fresh water from rivers, lakes, the underground and o 4 sources. And we cannot even use all of that. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.
However, as things stand today, this fresh water is still e 5 for us. But our need for water is b 6 larger and larger—almost day by day. We should take s 7 to deal with this problem now and in this w 8 we can get away from a serious water shortage(短缺) later on.
We all have to learn how to s 9 wasting our valuable water. One of the steps is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent into a sewer system(排污系统). From there it r 10 to the sea or runs into underground places.
（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
I am a plastic bottle. A week ago, I was on a supermarket shelf, the s 1 as all my brothers and sisters—other bottles full of water. I felt really happy.
Then a tall woman picked me up and put me in her basket! The woman took me home and put me in the f 2 . It was cold, but I soon made friends with the cans and bottles in it. However, only a few hours later, she t 3 me out of the fridge and drank the water inside me. Then she threw me into a litter bin. I have never felt so empty and a 4 in my life.
Early the next morning, a man took me out of the litter bin. He threw me and the other rubbish into the b 5 of a truck. There were so many awful smells. Then I was pushed together with the r 6 of the rubbish. Soon I was completely flat. I cannot believe how thin I became.
I slept for a while. When I woke up, I found m 7 in a terrible place. Everything around me was ugly and had nasty smells. I felt afraid. I kept h 8 that I would be moved somewhere else. Then huge trucks came and covered us with a lot of soil.
I asked another bottle w 9 would happen to us. He said that we would never leave this crowded place, but would stay here for t 10 of years.
“Why can’t they reuse or recycle us ” I cried.
（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整, 每空一词。
The earth is our home. Some things we have done are good for the earth w 1 some are bad. We have polluted the earth, and it is sick now. We cut down too many trees, so lots of rich land has c 2 into desert. Factories pour wastewater into river. Pollution has caused many s 3 problems. The earth is crying for help. What shall we do to save it We should be different from many consumers (消费者) and become “green consumers”. This means that we can buy and use things f 4 to the environment. We can also recycle as many things as possible. We should also try to be “greener people”. We can plant more trees. We can ride bikes or take buses to r 5 air pollution. We shall never leave a room with the lights on. We can save water by taking shorter showers and t 6 off the tap when brushing teeth. We should r 7 to separate waste into different groups before throwing it away.
After all, we have o 8 one Earth. We should do everything to p 9 it, or we will be punished and lose our home. Lean to live in new and different ways, and we can make a d 10 .
（20-21八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, lots of traffic jams and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气). So in 2007, the city began a plan to improve the s 1 .
Under the Velib plan people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or a 2 bicycle station. The first half-hour on the bike is free, but if you don’t r 3 it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. But it’s only ?1 a day or ?29 a year! The bicycles are h 4 (25kg), and they are all grey and have baskets. There are about 20,000 of t 5 in the city, and around 1,450 bicycle stations.
Paris is not the f 6 city to have a project like this—not even in France, where Lyon started a “free” bicycle plan many years ago. And not everybody thinks it’s a great idea. One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only for short journeys. If people want to t 7 across the city, they won’t use a bicycle—they’ll still use their cars.”
A city spokesman said, “The bicycle project won’t solve all our traffic problems, of course. But it might help reduce(减少) air pollution levels in the atmosphere.
Everyone know about global warming and great climate changes—this is partly b 8 there’s so much pollution in the world. The bikes might help people to lead a much h 9 life. There aren’t any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities. But if we don’t anything now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to r 10 , so the problems in our environment will get worse.”
（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Plastic is a convenience (方便), but plastics can hurt the environment.Therefore, action must be taken to reduce their use.
There are many different w 1 to reduce your plastic use at home. To begin with, be s 2 to properly recycle everything you can and throw away what you can’t, such as plastic cups and dishes.
Shopping may be one of the hardest things to do when trying to avoid (避免) plastic. B 3 you walk out of the door, make sure you have a shopping list with e 4 that you will need or eat. This will reduce food waste and the amount of plastic packaging.
Believe it or not, it is p 5 to avoid plastics while on vacation. You may book one of the hotels which don’t provide the plastics that can only be used o 6 . As for take-home gifts, don’t buy products made from plastics. Or give up traditional gifts and give someone a picture you take yourself i 7 , which can be more special.
It seems l 8 a difficult task to take all the actions immediately, so begin small and take larger steps towards a plastic-free life. Don’t be afraid to s 9 your stories. Many people’s actions can change the world for the better. If we can help o 10 make the change to a plastic-free life, we’ll be doing the world a huge favor.
（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期末）Put 2 February in your diary! It is World Wetlands Day! It marks (标志) the d 1 that the Convention (公约) on Wetlands was signed in 1971. This s 2 day was first celebrated in 1997 and it is celebrated every year.
The celebration calls on people to take a 3 . It is a way to show people how important and useful the wetlands are for h 4 . On World Wetlands Day, people around the world take part in many wetlands activities. People take trips to the local wetlands. There are t 5 about how important the wetlands are. People get together to clean up their local wetlands. Children draw pictures to advertise the day. People also compete in boat races.
The World Wetlands Day is important! Wetlands can help protect nature and resources (资源) l 6 fresh water. If there are no wetlands, there will be no fresh water for a 7 in the future. Already, more than one billion people in the world do not have fresh water.
People can understand w 8 an elephant or a tiger is important because they are big beautiful animals. It is much h 9 for them to understand how important the animals in the wetlands are. These small animals, such as frogs and butterflies, play an important part in keeping the balance (平衡) of nature.
All plants and animals are part of the food chain. If the small wetland animals die, some animals in the food chain will have n 10 to eat. They will also die. People need the wetlands to keep the balance of nature in the world.
重难语篇拔高练
（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
What is Earth Hour
Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and it’s a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people “go d 1 ,” that is, turn off lights in their homes, schools and businesses all at the same time for one hour.
Earth Hour started in Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all unnecessary lights for an hour. Since then, it has grown into an i 2 event, and many countries around the world have taken part. Famous buildings that have gone dark for Earth Hour include Buckingham Palace in London, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the Forbidden City in Beijing and New York’s Empire State Building. E 3 astronauts on the Space Station have taken part by reducing their power use on the station, and Google has shown its s 4 by making a dark homepage for the event.
What’s the idea b 5 Earth Hour
The idea is to raise awareness of environmental issues and call for a 6 to protect nature. It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power. But this is only the b 7 .
On one level, joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of environmental issues and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature. For example, eating less meat, using low-energy electrical items instead of high-energy o 8 and using green forms of transport all help the planet.
But on another level, a large number of people all acting t 9 sends a powerful message to governments and companies. It p 10 them to take action on a large scale by considering green issues when making big decisions.
答案与解析
基础语篇巩固练
（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
In the past, Nezha’s hometown was a paradise with clear rivers and green mountains. Birds sang in forests while children played in open spaces. But everything changed when factories were built in the n 1 area. Thick smoke and chemical waste slowly t 2 the land into a gray desert.
“Father, we u 3 to swim in these rivers!” Nezha said to Li Jing, his father who once worked in a steel factory. Li Jing said sadly, “I realize that progress shouldn’t harm our e 4 .”
Nezha decided to i 5 the situation, and gathered all villagers. They removed plastic waste and planted new trees. Although the task seemed i 6 at first, their hard work started showing results.
Nezha’s mother, Yin Shi, organized women to clean the block around the ancient temple. “We must c 7 until every street shines,” she said, her hands covered in mud. Even the children helped, carrying water in tiny buckets.
After months of effort, fish r 8 to the rivers. At a village meeting, old Mr. Wang said, “This is the most fantastic view I’ve seen s 9 my childhood!” Everyone cheered when a butterfly landed on Nezha’s shoulder.
Nowadays, the villagers keep in touch through online groups to p 10 their home. As Nezha says, “True magic isn’t about fighting monsters, but guarding the beauty around us.”
【答案】
1．(n)orthern 2．(t)urned 3．(u)sed 4．(e)nvironment 5．(i)mprove 6．(i)mpossible 7．(c)ontinue/(c)lean 8．(r)eturned 9．(s)ince 10．(p)rotect
【导语】本文通过哪吒家乡的环境变迁，讲述了一个生态保护与修复的故事。
1．句意：但是当工厂建在这个地区时，一切都改变了。根据“But everything changed when factories were built in the...area.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示工厂修建的位置。northern“北方的”，形容词，符合语境。故填(n)orthern。
2．句意：浓烟和化学废料慢慢地使土地变成了一片灰蒙蒙的沙漠。根据首字母提示及“Thick smoke and chemical waste slowly...the land into a gray desert.”可知，此处考查固定搭配：turn...into...“把……变成……”。结合语境，该句时态为一般过去时。turn的过去式为turned。故填(t)urned。
3．句意：爸爸，我们过去常在这些河中游泳！根据首字母提示及“we...to swim in these rivers!”可知，此处考查固定搭配：used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”。故填(u)sed。
4．句意：我意识到发展不应该伤害我们的环境。根据首字母及前文“Thick smoke and chemical waste slowly turned the land into a gray desert.”可知，此处表示我意识到发展不应该伤害我们的环境。environment“环境”，符合语境。故填(e)nvironment。
5．句意：哪吒决定改善现状并召集所有村民。根据首字母提示及“Nezha decided to...the situation,”可知，此处表示哪吒决定改善现状。to后接动词原形。improve“改善”，符合语境。故填(i)mprove。
6．句意：虽然起初看来任务似乎很难完成，但他们辛勤的工作开始显示出成效。根据首字母提示及“Although the task seemed...at first, their hard work started showing results.”可知，前后表示转折，此处表示任务起初看似不可能。impossible“不可能的”，符合语境。故填(i)mpossible。
7．句意：我们必须一直干下去，直到每条街道都亮起来。根据首字母提示及“Nezha’s mother, Yin Shi, organized women to clean the block around the ancient temple.”可知，此处表示我们必须一直干下去或者是一直清扫，直到每条街道都亮起来。continue“继续”；clean“清扫”，符合语境。故填(c)ontinue/(c)lean。
8．句意：经过几个月的努力，鱼儿又游回河里了。根据首字母提示及“fish...to the rivers.”可知，此处表示鱼儿回到河里，应该用一般过去时。return“回到”，过去式为returned。故填(r)eturned。
9．句意：这是我自童年以来见过的最奇妙的景色！根据首字母提示及“This is the most fantastic view I’ve seen...my childhood!”可知，该句表示这是我自童年以来见过的最奇妙的景色！“since+时间点”表示自童年以来结构，符合语境。填(s)ince。
10．句意：如今，村民们通过在线群组保持联系，以保护他们的家园。根据首字母提示及“the villagers keep in touch through online groups to...their home.”可知，此处表示村民们通过在线群组保持联系，以保护他们的家园。to后接动词原形，protect“保护”，动词，符合语境。故填(p)rotect。
（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）根据上下文意思, 完成缺词填空。
People always think that concert (音乐会) is a kind of elegant art. Musicians always play their musical instruments in a concert hall. These halls are always b 1 and clean. Many people go to the concerts. They can sit in these halls comfortably and l 2 to the wonderful music.
But in London, people h 3 a concert in a dump (垃圾堆). These people are all musicians. T 4 musical instruments are strange, too. They are all waste. The musicians look serious as if they played in the concert hall. They play c 5 and they don’t care a 6 how many people are listening to them. Maybe you want to know w 7 they play there. Do they have no good place to enjoy t 8
They want to call on people to protect our e 9 . By doing this, they also want to tell people that they can reuse waste. The waste is alsouseful if people treat it carefully. In this way, people can s 10 much energy.
【答案】
1．(b)right/(b)ig 2．(l)isten 3．(h)old 4．(T)heir 5．(c)arefully 6．(a)bout 7．(w)hy 8．(t)hemselves 9．(e)nvironment 10．(s)ave
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了人们用废物做成乐器在垃圾场演奏音乐，目的是呼吁人们保护环境。
1．句意：这些大厅总是明亮且干净的。根据“These halls are always… to the wonderful music.”和首字母提示可知，很多人舒适地坐在大厅听音乐，可推测，音乐厅应该是bright“明亮的”或big“大的”的场所，and连接并列的成分，clean是原级，bright或big也应用原级。故填(b)right/(b)ig。
2．句意：他们可以舒适地坐在大厅里，听美妙的音乐会。根据“They can sit in these halls comfortably and… to the wonderful music.”和首字母提示可知，是在音乐厅“听音乐”，即listen to music，固定短语，且and连接并列的成分，情态动词can后接动词原形，所以，此处应是listen。故填(l)isten。
3．句意：但在伦敦，人们在垃圾场举办音乐会。根据“But in London, people… a concert in a dump.”和首字母提示可知，在垃圾场举办音乐会，hold“举办”符合题意，且结合上下文可知，本句是一般现在时，主语people是复数人称，谓语动词应用动词原形，即hold。故填(h)old。
4．句意：他们的乐器也很奇怪。“… musical instruments are strange, too.”和首字母提示可知，此处their“他们的”，形容词性物主代词修饰名词instruments，意为“他们的乐器”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填(T)heir。
5．句意：他们演奏得非常认真，不在乎有多少人在听。“They play… how many people are listening to them.”可知，他们演奏得非常认真，不在乎有多少人在听，结合首字母，carefully“仔细地”符合题意，副词carefully修饰动词play。故填(c)arefully。
6．句意：他们演奏得非常认真，不在乎有多少人在听。根据“they don’t care… how many people are listening to them.”和首字母提示可知，演奏音乐不在乎观众的数量，care about“在意”，固定短语，所以，about“关于”符合题意。故填(a)bout。
7．句意：也许你想知道他们为什么在那里演奏。根据“They play… how many people are listening to them.”可知，他们演奏不在乎有多少人在听，所以，你肯定想知道他们为什么在那里演奏，结合首字母，这里需要疑问词why，表示原因。故填(w)hy。
8．句意：他们没有一个好的地方可以享受生活吗？根据“Do they have no good place to enjoy… ”和首字母提示可知，enjoy oneself“享受”，固定短语，主语是they，所以，oneself应用themselves。故填(t)hemselves。
9．句意：他们想呼吁人们保护我们的环境。根据“They want to call on people to protect our….”和首字母提示可知，protect our environment“保护我们的环境”，“environment环境”符合题意。故填(e)nvironment。
10．句意：通过这种方式，人们可以节省很多能源。根据“In this way, people can… much energy.”和首字母提示可知，save energy“节省能源”，“save节省”符合题意。故填(s)ave。
（22-23八年级下·全国·课后作业）根据首字母提示补全短文。
The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty. This may s 1 strange to you, since nearly 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered w 2 water. But about 97% of that is sea water, or salt water. Humans can only drink and u 3 the other 3% the fresh water from rivers, lakes, the underground and o 4 sources. And we cannot even use all of that. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.
However, as things stand today, this fresh water is still e 5 for us. But our need for water is b 6 larger and larger—almost day by day. We should take s 7 to deal with this problem now and in this w 8 we can get away from a serious water shortage(短缺) later on.
We all have to learn how to s 9 wasting our valuable water. One of the steps is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent into a sewer system(排污系统). From there it r 10 to the sea or runs into underground places.
【答案】
1．(s)eem 2．(w)ith 3．(u)se 4．(o)ther 5．(e)nough 6．(b)ecoming 7．(s)teps 8．(w)ay 9．(s)top 10．(r)eturns
【导语】本文主要介绍了水资源短缺的问题以及如何解决这个问题。
1．句意：这对你来说可能很奇怪，因为地球表面近71%被水覆盖。根据“This may …strange to you”及首字母可知，似乎很奇怪，seem“似乎”，may后接动词原形，故填(s)eem。
2．句意：这对你来说可能很奇怪，因为地球表面近71%被水覆盖。be covered with“被……覆盖”，固定搭配，故填(w)ith。
3．句意：人类只能饮用和使用来自河流、湖泊、地下和其他来源的另外3%的淡水。根据“Humans can only drink and … the other 3% the fresh water”及首字母可知，人类只能用淡水资源，use“使用”，can后接动词原形，故填(u)se。
4．句意：人类只能饮用和使用来自河流、湖泊、地下和其他来源的另外3%的淡水。根据“rivers, lakes, the underground and…sources”及首字母可知，此处指其他的资源，other“其他的”，后接复数名词，故填(o)ther。
5．句意：然而，就今天的情况来看，这些淡水对我们来说仍然足够。根据“this fresh water is still …for us.”及首字母可知，这些淡水对我们来说是足够的，enough“足够的”，故填(e)nough。
6．句意：但是我们对水的需求正变得越来越大——几乎是每一天。根据“our need for water is…larger and larger”及首字母可知，对淡水资源的需求变得越来越大，become“变得”，根据is可知，此空应填现在分词，故填(b)ecoming。
7．句意：我们现在应该采取措施来解决这个问题，这样我们就可以避免以后严重的水资源短缺。根据“We should take… to deal with this problem”及首字母可知，此处指采取措施来解决这个问题，take steps“采取措施”，故填(s)teps。
8．句意：我们现在应该采取措施来解决这个问题，这样我们就可以避免以后严重的水资源短缺。根据“in this … we can get away from a serious water shortage(短缺) later on”及首字母可知，用这种方法我们就可以避免水资源短缺，in this way“用这种方法”，故填(w)ay。
9．句意：我们都必须学会如何停止浪费我们宝贵的水。根据“One of the steps is to develop ways of reusing it.”及首字母可知，要学着停止浪费水资源，stop“停止”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填(s)top。
10．句意;从那里它回到大海或流入地下。根据“then sent into a sewer system”及“to the sea”可知，通过排污系统再返回大海，return“返回”，根据runs可知，此空应填动词三单，故填(r)eturns。
（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
I am a plastic bottle. A week ago, I was on a supermarket shelf, the s 1 as all my brothers and sisters—other bottles full of water. I felt really happy.
Then a tall woman picked me up and put me in her basket! The woman took me home and put me in the f 2 . It was cold, but I soon made friends with the cans and bottles in it. However, only a few hours later, she t 3 me out of the fridge and drank the water inside me. Then she threw me into a litter bin. I have never felt so empty and a 4 in my life.
Early the next morning, a man took me out of the litter bin. He threw me and the other rubbish into the b 5 of a truck. There were so many awful smells. Then I was pushed together with the r 6 of the rubbish. Soon I was completely flat. I cannot believe how thin I became.
I slept for a while. When I woke up, I found m 7 in a terrible place. Everything around me was ugly and had nasty smells. I felt afraid. I kept h 8 that I would be moved somewhere else. Then huge trucks came and covered us with a lot of soil.
I asked another bottle w 9 would happen to us. He said that we would never leave this crowded place, but would stay here for t 10 of years.
“Why can’t they reuse or recycle us ” I cried.
【答案】
1．(s)ame 2．(f)ridge 3．(t)ook 4．(a)fraid/(a)wful 5．(b)ack 6．(r)est 7．(m)yself 8．(h)oping 9．(w)hat 10．(t)housands
【导语】本文以一个塑料瓶的口吻自述，讲述自己的经历：从被买，进冰箱，被喝完水后扔进垃圾桶，被收进垃圾车，被压扁，到最后被土壤填埋。最后提出问题：为什么塑料没有被再利用或循环利用。
1．句意：一周前，我和所有兄弟姐妹——其他装满水的瓶子一样，在超市的货架上。根据“the...as”和首字母提示可知，此处应是the same as“与……一样”。故填(s)ame。
2．句意：那个女人把我带回家，把我放在冰箱里。根据下文“It was cold...me out of the fridge”和首字母提示可知，此处指在冰箱里，fridge“冰箱”。故填(f)ridge。
3．句意：然而，仅仅几个小时后，她就把我从冰箱里拿出来，喝了我装着的水。根据“However, only a few hours later, she...me out of the fridge and drank the water inside me.”和首字母提示可知，此处指把瓶子从冰箱里拿出来，take sth. out of...“从……中拿出某物”，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填(t)ook。
4．句意：我一生中从未感到如此空虚和害怕/糟糕。根据“Then she threw me into a litter bin. I have never felt so empty and...in my life.”和首字母提示可知，她把“我”扔进垃圾箱里，“我”感到空虚和害怕/糟糕，afraid“害怕的”/awful“糟糕的”符合语境，在此处作表语。故填(a)fraid/(a)wful。
5．句意：他把我和其他垃圾扔进了一辆卡车的后备箱里。根据“He threw me and the other rubbish into the...of a truck.”和首字母提示可知，把垃圾扔进卡车的后备箱，back of a truck“卡车后备箱”。故填(b)ack。
6．句意：然后我和其他垃圾被推到了一起。根据上文“He threw me and the other rubbish into...”和首字母提示可知，此处指其他垃圾，the rest of“其余的……”。故填(r)est。
7．句意：当我醒来时，我发现自己在一个可怕的地方。根据“When I woke up, I found...in a terrible place.”和首字母提示可知，醒来后发现自己身处于一个很可怕的地方，主语是“I”，空处应是反身代词myself“我自己”。故填(m)yself。
8．句意：我一直希望我能被转移到别的地方。根据上文“Everything around me was ugly and had nasty smells. I felt afraid.”可知，“我”周围的一切都很丑陋，散发着难闻的气味，“我”感到害怕。结合首字母提示，此处应是表示“希望自己能被转移到别处”，hope“希望”，keep doing sth.“一直做某事”。故填(h)oping。
9．句意：我问另一个瓶子我们会怎么样。根据“...would happen to us.”和首字母提示可知，此处应是what would happen“会发生什么”。故填(w)hat。
10．句意：他说我们永远不会离开这个拥挤的地方，而是会在这里待上几千年。for后接时间段，结合首字母提示，此处应是thousands of years“数千年”。故填(t)housands。
（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整, 每空一词。
The earth is our home. Some things we have done are good for the earth w 1 some are bad. We have polluted the earth, and it is sick now. We cut down too many trees, so lots of rich land has c 2 into desert. Factories pour wastewater into river. Pollution has caused many s 3 problems. The earth is crying for help. What shall we do to save it We should be different from many consumers (消费者) and become “green consumers”. This means that we can buy and use things f 4 to the environment. We can also recycle as many things as possible. We should also try to be “greener people”. We can plant more trees. We can ride bikes or take buses to r 5 air pollution. We shall never leave a room with the lights on. We can save water by taking shorter showers and t 6 off the tap when brushing teeth. We should r 7 to separate waste into different groups before throwing it away.
After all, we have o 8 one Earth. We should do everything to p 9 it, or we will be punished and lose our home. Lean to live in new and different ways, and we can make a d 10 .
【答案】
1．(w)hile 2．(c)hanged 3．(s)erious 4．(f)riendly 5．(r)educe 6．(t)urning 7．(r)emember 8．(o)nly 9．(p)rotect 10．(d)ifference
【导语】本文讲述的是地球是我们的家，我们人类的一些坏的做法使得地球环境深受破坏，为了拯救地球，我们应该采取一些措施来保护我们的地球。
1．句意：我们所做的一些事对地球有益，但有些事却是有害的。前后表示转折，由于首字母w，所以是while“然而”。故填(w)hile。
2．句意：我们砍伐了太多的树木，许多肥沃的土地变成了沙漠。根据“so lots of rich land has c.. into desert”因此许多肥沃的土地……沙漠，结合首字母c，所以是变成沙漠。由于此句是现在完成时，所以是动词过去分词changed。故填(c)hanged。
3．句意：污染已经引发了许多严重的问题。分析句子可知，横线上是形容词修饰名词problems，由于后文“The earth is crying for help.”可知问题严重，由于首字母是s，所以是形容词serious“严重的”。故填(s)erious。
4．句意：这意味着我们可以购买和使用对环境友好的东西。根据“green consumers”环保顾客，可知是对环境友好。考查“be friendly to”对……友好。故填(f)riendly。
5．句意：我们可以骑自行车或乘坐公共汽车来减少空气污染。根据前文是骑车或乘公交车，所以是减少污染。故填(r)educe。
6．句意：我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间、刷牙时关闭水龙头来节约用水。根据前文说节约水，所以是关闭水龙头。故填(t)urning。
7．句意：我们应该记住在扔掉垃圾之前先将其分成不同的类别。分析句子可知，横线上应是动词，根据“We should...to separate...”可知，我们应该记得去……，考查短语“remember to do”记得去做。故填(r)emember。
8．句意：毕竟，我们只有一个地球。根据“we have o...one Earth”我们有……一个地球。结合首字母o，所以是“唯一一个”。故填(o)nly。
9．句意：我们应该尽一切努力保护它，否则我们将受到惩罚并失去我们的家园。横线后it代指地球，所以是保护地球，结合首字母p，所以是动词protect。故填(p)rotect。
10．句意：学会以新的、不同的方式生活，我们就能发挥作用。前文说的是以新的不同的方式生活，对保护地球会起到作用。考查短语“make a difference”起到影响。故填(d)ifference。
（20-21八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, lots of traffic jams and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气). So in 2007, the city began a plan to improve the s 1 .
Under the Velib plan people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or a 2 bicycle station. The first half-hour on the bike is free, but if you don’t r 3 it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. But it’s only ?1 a day or ?29 a year! The bicycles are h 4 (25kg), and they are all grey and have baskets. There are about 20,000 of t 5 in the city, and around 1,450 bicycle stations.
Paris is not the f 6 city to have a project like this—not even in France, where Lyon started a “free” bicycle plan many years ago. And not everybody thinks it’s a great idea. One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only for short journeys. If people want to t 7 across the city, they won’t use a bicycle—they’ll still use their cars.”
A city spokesman said, “The bicycle project won’t solve all our traffic problems, of course. But it might help reduce(减少) air pollution levels in the atmosphere.
Everyone know about global warming and great climate changes—this is partly b 8 there’s so much pollution in the world. The bikes might help people to lead a much h 9 life. There aren’t any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities. But if we don’t anything now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to r 10 , so the problems in our environment will get worse.”
【答案】
1．(s)ituation 2．(a)nother 3．(r)eturn 4．(h)eavy 5．(t)hem 6．(f)irst 7．(t)ravel 8．(b)ecause 9．(h)ealthier 10．(r)ise
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要说巴黎像很多大城市一样，有很多交通问题：汽车多，交通堵塞和大量的废气污染。为了改善这一现状，城市开始实施一些计划，介绍了一种新的自行车骑行方案，呼吁人们为了环境和自己的身体健康，多骑自行车。
1．句意：因此，2007年，该市开始了一项改善这种状况的计划。根据上文“Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, lots of traffic jams and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气).”可知，像所有大城市一样，巴黎有很多交通问题：汽车多，交通堵塞多和大量的废气污染。因此该市制定计划来改善这种“情况”。situation名词，情况。故填(s)ituation。
2．句意：根据Velib计划，人们可以骑一辆自行车，想用多久就用多久，然后把它放在同一个或另一个自行车站。根据“leave it at the same”可知，是放在同一个或“另一个”自行车站。another另一，又一。故填(a)nother。
3．句意：骑自行车的前半小时是免费的，但如果30分钟后不还，你就得付钱。根据“The first half-hour on the bike is free”可知，前半小时是免费的，如果30分钟不“归还”就需要付钱。return归还。故填(r)eturn。
4．句意：这些自行车很重(25公斤)，都是灰色的，有篮筐。根据25kg可知，自行车很重。heavy重的。故填(h)eavy。
5．句意：这个城市大约有2万个这样的自行车，大约有1450个自行车站。根据“The bicycles are…and they are all grey and have baskets.”可知，自行车很重，车身是纯灰色并且有篮筐。该城市有2万辆这种自行车，此处them作为介宾，代替bicycles。故填(t)hem。
6．句意：巴黎并不是第一个有这样项目的城市——甚至在法国，里昂在许多年前就开始了一个“免费”自行车计划。根据“not even in France”可知，此处说的是并不是“第一个”有这种项目的城市。first序数词，第一。故填(f)irst。
7．句意：如果人们想要穿越城市，他们不会使用自行车，他们仍然会使用汽车。对应上文 journeys，如果长途出行，穿过整个城市的话，人们不会骑自行车。travel旅游。故填(t)ravel。
8．句意：每个人都知道全球变暖和巨大的气候变化——部分原因是世界上有太多的污染。此处是因果关系，因为污染所以造成全球变暖。because因为。故填(b)ecause。
9．句意：自行车可以帮助人们过上更健康的生活。much后跟比较级，healthier更加健康的。故填(h)ealthier。
10．句意：如果不采取措施，温度会继续上升。根据“temperatures will continue…”可知，如果不采取措施，温度会继续“上升”。rise上升。故填(r)ise。
（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Plastic is a convenience (方便), but plastics can hurt the environment.Therefore, action must be taken to reduce their use.
There are many different w 1 to reduce your plastic use at home. To begin with, be s 2 to properly recycle everything you can and throw away what you can’t, such as plastic cups and dishes.
Shopping may be one of the hardest things to do when trying to avoid (避免) plastic. B 3 you walk out of the door, make sure you have a shopping list with e 4 that you will need or eat. This will reduce food waste and the amount of plastic packaging.
Believe it or not, it is p 5 to avoid plastics while on vacation. You may book one of the hotels which don’t provide the plastics that can only be used o 6 . As for take-home gifts, don’t buy products made from plastics. Or give up traditional gifts and give someone a picture you take yourself i 7 , which can be more special.
It seems l 8 a difficult task to take all the actions immediately, so begin small and take larger steps towards a plastic-free life. Don’t be afraid to s 9 your stories. Many people’s actions can change the world for the better. If we can help o 10 make the change to a plastic-free life, we’ll be doing the world a huge favor.
【答案】
1．(w)ays 2．(s)ure 3．(B)efore 4．(e)verything 5．(p)ossible 6．(o)nce 7．(i)nstead 8．(l)ike 9．(s)hare 10．(o)thers
【导语】本文主要讲述了塑料对环境的危害，提出了减少使用塑料的行动。
1．句意：有很多不同的方法来减少你在家中使用塑料。根据“to reduce your plastic use at home...To begin with,”可知，下文介绍了减少使用塑料的方法，way“方法”；many后跟名词复数。故填(w)ays。
2．句意：首先，确保你能正确回收所有可以回收的东西，并扔掉不能回收的东西，比如塑料杯和盘子。根据“be s...to properly recycle everything you can”可知，要确保能正确回收，be sure to do“确保做某事”。故填(s)ure。
3．句意：在你出门之前，确保你有一张购物清单，上面列有你需要或吃的所有东西。根据“you walk out of the door,”可知，是指在你出门之前，before“在……之前”。故填(B)efore。
4．句意：在你出门之前，确保你有一张购物清单，上面列有你需要或吃的所有东西。根据“with e... that you will need or eat.”可知，此处是定语从句，缺少先行词，everything“一切事物”符合语境。故填(e)verything。
5．句意：信不信由你，在度假时避免使用塑料是可能的。根据“Believe it or not,”可知，此处是指在度假时避免使用塑料是可能的，possible“可能的”，形容词作表语。故填(p)ossible。
6．句意：你可以预订那些不提供一次性塑料用品的酒店。根据“which don’t provide the plastics that can only be used o”可知，为了避免塑料，可以预定不提供一次性塑料用品的酒店。once“一次”符合语境。故填(o)nce。
7．句意：或者放弃传统礼物，送给别人一张你自己拍的照片，这可能更特别。根据“Or give up traditional gifts and give someone a picture you take yourself i”可知，可以用自己拍的照片来代替，instead“代替”。故填(i)nstead。
8．句意：立即采取所有行动似乎是一项艰巨的任务，所以从小事做起，逐步迈向无塑生活。seem like“似乎是”，是固定短语。故填(l)ike。
9．句意：不要害怕分享你的故事。根据“Don’t be afraid to s...your stories.”可知，此处是指不要害怕分享自己的故事，share“分享”；空前有不定式符号to，后跟动词原形。故填(s)hare。
10． 句意：如果我们能帮助其他人改变成无塑生活，我们将为世界做出巨大的贡献。根据help o...make the change to a plastic-free life,“”可知，此处是help sb do sth结构，others“其他人”符合语境。故填(o)thers。
（23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期末）Put 2 February in your diary! It is World Wetlands Day! It marks (标志) the d 1 that the Convention (公约) on Wetlands was signed in 1971. This s 2 day was first celebrated in 1997 and it is celebrated every year.
The celebration calls on people to take a 3 . It is a way to show people how important and useful the wetlands are for h 4 . On World Wetlands Day, people around the world take part in many wetlands activities. People take trips to the local wetlands. There are t 5 about how important the wetlands are. People get together to clean up their local wetlands. Children draw pictures to advertise the day. People also compete in boat races.
The World Wetlands Day is important! Wetlands can help protect nature and resources (资源) l 6 fresh water. If there are no wetlands, there will be no fresh water for a 7 in the future. Already, more than one billion people in the world do not have fresh water.
People can understand w 8 an elephant or a tiger is important because they are big beautiful animals. It is much h 9 for them to understand how important the animals in the wetlands are. These small animals, such as frogs and butterflies, play an important part in keeping the balance (平衡) of nature.
All plants and animals are part of the food chain. If the small wetland animals die, some animals in the food chain will have n 10 to eat. They will also die. People need the wetlands to keep the balance of nature in the world.
【答案】
1．(d)ate 2．(s)pecial 3．(a)ction 4．(h)umans 5．(t)alks 6．(l)ike 7．(a)nyone 8．(w)hy 9．(h)arder 10．(n)othing
【导语】本文简短介绍了世界湿地日，一个旨在提高湿地保护意识的全球纪念日。它强调了湿地对自然和资源的重要性，尤其是淡水资源，并呼吁人们采取行动保护湿地，以维持生态平衡。
1．句意：这一天是1971年《湿地公约》签署的日子。根据“It is World Wetlands Day! It marks (标志) the ... that the Convention (公约) on Wetlands was signed in 1971.”及首字母可知，这一天是《湿地公约》签署的日子，date“日期”符合。故填(d)ate。
2．句意：这个特殊的日子首次庆祝于1997年，每年都会庆祝。根据“This ... day was first celebrated in 1997 and it is celebrated every year.”及首字母可知，人们首次庆祝这个特殊的日子是在1997年，special“特殊的”符合，形容词作定语。故填(s)pecial。
3．句意：庆祝活动呼吁人们采取行动。根据“The celebration calls on people to take ...”及首字母可知，是呼吁人们采取行动，take action“采取行动”。故填(a)ction。
4．句意：这是一种向人们展示湿地对人类有多重要和有用的方式。根据“how important and useful the wetlands are for ...”可知，湿地对人类有多重要和有用，humans“人类”符合。故填(h)umans。
5．句意：有关于湿地有多重要的讨论。根据“There are ... about how important the wetlands are.”及首字母可知，有很多关于湿地有多重要的讨论，talk“讨论”符合，结合are可知，此处用名词复数。故填(t)alks。
6．句意：湿地可以帮助保护自然和淡水等资源。根据“Wetlands can help protect nature and resources (资源) ... fresh water.”及首字母可知，是像淡水一样的资源，like“像”符合。故填(l)ike。
7．句意：如果没有湿地，未来任何人都不会有淡水。根据“If there are no wetlands, there will be no fresh water for ... in the future.”及首字母可知，未来任何人都不会有淡水，anyone“任何人”符合。故填(a)nyone。
8．句意：人们可以理解为什么大象或老虎很重要，因为它们是大而美丽的动物。根据“People can understand ... an elephant or a tiger is important because they are big beautiful animals.”及首字母可知，是理解大象或老虎很重要的原因，why“为什么”符合，引导宾语从句。故填(w)hy。
9．句意：他们很难理解湿地里的动物有多重要。根据“It is much ... for them to understand how important the animals in the wetlands are.”及首字母可知，人们很难理解湿地的动物有多重要，hard“困难的”符合，much修饰比较级，此处用比较级harder。故填(h)arder。
10．句意：如果小型湿地动物死亡，食物链中的一些动物将没有东西吃。根据“If the small wetland animals die, some animals in the food chain will have ... to eat. They will also die.”及首字母可知，一些食物链中的动物就没有东西吃，就会死，nothing“没有什么”符合。故填(n)othing。
重难语篇拔高练
（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
What is Earth Hour
Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and it’s a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people “go d 1 ,” that is, turn off lights in their homes, schools and businesses all at the same time for one hour.
Earth Hour started in Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all unnecessary lights for an hour. Since then, it has grown into an i 2 event, and many countries around the world have taken part. Famous buildings that have gone dark for Earth Hour include Buckingham Palace in London, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the Forbidden City in Beijing and New York’s Empire State Building. E 3 astronauts on the Space Station have taken part by reducing their power use on the station, and Google has shown its s 4 by making a dark homepage for the event.
What’s the idea b 5 Earth Hour
The idea is to raise awareness of environmental issues and call for a 6 to protect nature. It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power. But this is only the b 7 .
On one level, joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of environmental issues and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature. For example, eating less meat, using low-energy electrical items instead of high-energy o 8 and using green forms of transport all help the planet.
But on another level, a large number of people all acting t 9 sends a powerful message to governments and companies. It p 10 them to take action on a large scale by considering green issues when making big decisions.
【答案】
1．(d)ark 2．(i)nternational 3．(E)ven 4．(s)upport 5．(b)ehind 6．(a)ction 7．(b)eginning 8．(o)nes 9．(t)ogether 10．(p)ushes
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地球一小时活动的起源、活动和意义。
1．句意：在这天晚上，人们“变暗”，也就是说，在家里、学校和公司的灯都在同一时间关灯一个小时。根据“turn off lights in their homes, schools and businesses all at the same time for one hour.”和首字母d可知，此处指处在黑暗中，dark“黑暗的”符合句意。故填(d)ark。
2．句意：从那时起，它已经发展成为一个国际活动，世界上许多国家都参加了。根据“and many countries around the world have taken part”和首字母i可知，地球一小时成为了一个国际活动，形容词international“国际的”作定语修饰event。故填(i)nternational。
3．句意：即使是在空间站的宇航员也通过减少在空间站上的电力使用来参与其中，谷歌也为该活动制作了一个黑色的主页，以示支持。根据“astronauts on the Space Station have taken part by reducing their power use on the station”和首字母E可知，甚至空间站的宇航员也参与了该活动，副词even“甚至”符合句意。故填(E)ven。
4．句意：即使是在空间站的宇航员也通过减少在空间站上的电力使用来参与其中，谷歌也为该活动制作了一个黑色的主页，以示支持。根据“Google has shown its...by making a dark homepage for the event.”和首字母s可知，谷歌也支持这项活动，应用名词support“支持”作宾语。故填(s)upport。
5．句意：地球一小时背后的理念是什么？根据“The idea is to raise awareness of environmental issues and...”和首字母b可知，此处指该活动背后的含义，介词behind“在……后面”符合句意。故填(b)ehind。
6．句意：该活动旨在提高人们对环境问题的认识，并呼吁采取行动保护自然。根据“It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.”和首字母a可知，此处指采取行动保护自然，应用名词action“行动”作宾语。故填(a)ction。
7．句意：但这仅仅是个开始。根据“It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.”和首字母b可知，关灯仅仅是一个开始，名词beginning“开始”符合句意。故填(b)eginning。
8．句意：例如，少吃肉，使用低能量的电器而不是高能量的电器，使用绿色交通工具，这些都有助于保护地球。根据“using low-energy electrical items instead of high-energy...”和首字母o可知，此处应用代词ones指代electrical items。故填(o)nes。
9．句意：但在另一个层面上，很多人一起行动向政府和公司发出了一个强有力的信息。根据“a large number of people all acting...”和首字母t可知，此处指多人一起行动，副词together“一起”符合句意。故填(t)ogether。
10．句意：它促使他们在做出重大决定时考虑环保问题，从而采取大规模行动。根据“...them to take action on a large scale by considering green issues when making big decisions.”和首字母p可知，此处指促使政府和公司考虑环保问题，动词push“推动，促使”符合句意。本句时态为一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，动词要用三单形式。故填(p)ushes。