（3）Unit 3 The world of science—高一英语外研版（2019）必修三期末易错题集训（含解析）
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| 名称 | （3）Unit 3 The world of science—高一英语外研版（2019）必修三期末易错题集训（含解析） |  | |
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（3）Unit 3 The world of science—高一英语外研版（2019）必修三期末易错题集训
现在完成时的被动语态
一、构成
肯定式 主语+have/has been done…
否定式 主语+have/has not been done…
一般疑问式 Have/Has+主语+been done…
特殊疑问式 疑问词+have/has+主语+been done…
二、现在完成时的被动语态的主要用法
1. 表示被动的动作发生在说话之前(即现在的过去)，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，recently，just等时间状语连用。如：
The letter has been sent. 信已经寄出去了。(结果是现在信处于已寄出的状态)
2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long… ”句式中。如：
①The old building has been protected for ten years.
这栋古老的建筑已被保护了十年。
②The festival has been prepared since last month.
这个节日从上个月起就开始筹备了。
三、使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题
1.现在完成时的被动语态中包含have/has和been，两者缺一不可。
2.动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略动词短语中的介词或副词。如：
①The child has been well taken care of.
这个孩子一直被照顾得很好。
②Recently the traffic issues have been paid close attention to.
近来，交通问题已经得到了密切关注。
3.注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。
一般过去时的被动语态表示被动的动作发生在过去的某个时刻，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。如：
①The laptop has been repaired by the technician.
我的笔记本电脑已经被技术员修好了。(与现在有关：现在电脑可以使用了)
②The laptop was repaired by the technician.
我的笔记本电脑被技术员修好了。(与现在无关：只是曾经发生过这样的事情，不能判断电脑现在是否还能使用)
易错题
一、句子填空
1.Every possible means ______ (try) to save the endangered species so far.
2.All his lifetime he produced a large number of works of calligraphy, but up to now ,the majority of his original works ______ (destroy) or lost.
3.Traditional Chinese medicine is an ancient system of health and wellness that ______ (use) in China for thousands of years.
4.The durability of the new material ______ (test) in various weather conditions in the last few months.
5.Masses of work ______ (do) to prevent the river from being polluted up to now.
6.To lower the housing price, several measures ______ (adopt) in the last two years.
7.After the age of sixteen, as ______ (discover) in the past few decades, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year.
8.So far it ______ (confirm) that the conference will take place next week.
9.Although the printer didn't work yesterday, you can use it now as it ______ (fix).
10.This is the first time that these precious works of art ______ (display) to the public.
二、阅读理解
Migratory birds (候鸟) rely on a network of habitats across continents (洲). Today, scientists with the National Audubon Society published a study in which they propose a new way to identify where conservation efforts are most needed to ensure the survival for migratory birds that travel between Canada and South America.
The study integrates movement data from more than 329,000 birds of 112 species to identify the areas where migratory birds face the greatest threats from climate change and habitat loss. Researchers introduce a new way called multispecies migratory connectivity to measure these threats. Despite a growing understanding of how birds connect across different places and seasons, by combining connectivity patterns across many species with future climate changes and habitat changes, researchers find out the migration paths at the highest risk throughout the Americas.
The findings show that migration paths between some breeding (繁殖) regions in Canada and non-breeding regions in South America are particularly vulnerable, suggesting the threats faced by long-distance migrants. Alarmingly, over half of the migration paths at very high risk involve breeding regions in the eastern United States. “Bird migration is one of the most incredible and impressive phenomena in nature. This new science highlights the need for continued investment and international efforts to reduce the dangers migratory birds meet across the entire continents,” said Dr. Jill Deppe, senior director of Audubon’s Migratory Bird Initiative.
A 2019 study determined that there are nearly three billion fewer birds in North America than in the year 1970, with two-and-a-half billion of those birds considered migratory birds. The survival of many of these migratory species remains uncertain if countries do not take action to reduce climate pollution and the impacts of human activities that threaten birds and their habitats. By learning more about the threats these birds are facing during their annual cycle, we can focus on the places and actions that will have the biggest impact for securing their future.
1. What is multispecies migratory connectivity used to do
A. Track the migration paths of many species.
B. Identify suitable habitats for breeding birds.
C. Measure the risks faced by migratory birds.
D. Guess future populations of migratory birds.
2. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Easily damaged. B. Equally improved.
C. Well protected. D. Widely spread.
3. Why is the 2019 study mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To praise the success of conservation efforts.
B. To stress the necessity of conservation action.
C. To compare migration patterns of different bird species.
D. To explain the causes of climate change affecting birds.
4. What can be the best title for the text
A. The Role of Global Efforts in Bird Conservation
B. New Scientific Tools for Tracking Bird Migration
C. How Climate Change Is Reshaping Bird Migration Pattern
D. Scientists Identify Key Areas for Protecting Migratory Birds
三、七选五
Dark Chocolate: A Sweet Surprise for Health
You might find it hard to believe, but dark chocolate isn’t just a delicious treat; it can actually be good for your health! When eaten in proper amounts, this sweet delight offers amazing health advantages. Studies suggest regular eaters enjoy better overall health. ①________
Firstly, dark chocolate helps prevent heart disease. Like green tea, it contains special substances called flavonoids (类黄酮). These act as the body’s natural protectors. ②________ Research shows they begin working quickly after eating. For example, when our body processes food, or when we’re in sunlight or polluted air, harmful things form. These can damage cells and cause heart issues. Flavonoids help by lowering blood pressure, keeping our heart healthy. This may reduce heart attack risks.
③________ The mood improvement lasts longer than expected. When eaten, it makes the brain produce “feel-good” chemicals, similar to the joy after exercise. Tests show it affects the brain like pleasant music does. A small piece can lift your mood during stress.
Additionally, dark chocolate protects skin. Its substances absorb certain sunlight linked to skin aging. ④________ This natural protection works from inside the body. People eating it daily showed less skin dryness in a study.
However, too much brings problems. ⑤________ A 100g bar has as many calories as a full meal. Experts suggest no more than 60 grams daily (2-3 small bining it with fruits makes a healthier choice.
A. Let’s explore these benefits in detail.
B. They fight against harmful substances.
C. Despite its benefits, it is high in calories.
D. These substances are mainly found in cocoa beans.
E. Dark chocolate requires complex processing methods.
F. Another key benefit is its ability to improve mental well-being.
G. As a result, the skin becomes healthier and more resistant to damage.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：has been tried
解析：考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，每一种可能的方法都已经被用来拯救濒危物种。这里考查谓语动词，主语Every possible means与try之间是被动关系，再由so far可知，这里时态应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语Every possible means为第三人称单数形式。故填has been tried。
2.答案：have been destroyed
解析：句意为:他一生创作了大量的书法作品,但迄今为止,他的大部分原创作品已被损毁或遗失。but后为第二个并列分句,设空处为该分句的谓语;根据时间状语 up to now 可知,应用现在完成时;destroy与分句主语the majority of his original works之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;“the majority of +可数名词复数”作主语,意为“大多数……”,谓语动词用复数形式。故填 have been destroyed。
3.答案：has been used
解析：句意为:中医是一种古老的医疗体系,在中国已经沿用了数千年。设空处为从句的谓语,根据时间状语for thousands of years可知,应用现在完成时;关系词that在从句中作主语,指代Traditional Chinese medicine,与use之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;先行词为system,助动词用has。故填has been used。
4.答案：has been tested
解析：句意为:在过去的几个月里,这种新材料在各种天气条件下进行了耐久性测试。根据时间状语 in the last few months 可知, 本句应用现在完成时; 主语为 The durability of the new material, 和动词 test 之间是被动关系,应用被动语态, durability为不可数名词, 谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been tested。
5.答案：have been done
解析：句意为: 到目前为止,为防止这条河被污染已做了大量工作。分析句子结构可知, 设空处是句中的谓语动词, do与主语Masses of work之间是被动关系,句中有时间状语up to now, 应用现在完成时; 又因“masses of +名词”作主语, 谓语动词应用复数形式,所以助动词用 have。故填have been done。
6.答案：have been adopted
解析：时间状语in the last two years是典型的现在完成时的标志,主语several measures与动词adopt之间为被动关系,故应用现在完成时的被动语态;主语为复数,谓语应用复数形式。故填have been adopted。
7.答案：has been discovered
解析：句意为:正如过去几十年来的发现,在16岁以后,我们的脑细胞数量开始以每年几百万的速度减少。分析句子可知,此处在as引导的非限制性定语从句中作谓语,as有“正如……一样”的意思,先行词为整个主句,关系词在从句中作主语,和 discover之间为被动关系,结合in the past few decades可知,应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been discovered.
8.答案：has been confirmed
解析：句意为:到目前为止,已经确认会议将于下周举行。分析句子结构可知,设空处在主句中作谓语,it为形式主语,与动词confirm之间为被动关系,且根据时间状语So far可判断出设空处应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been confirmed。
9.答案：has been fixed
解析：句意为:虽然昨天打印机坏了,但你现在可以用了,因为它已经修好了。分析句子结构可知,此处为as引导的原因状语从句的谓语,结合句意,此处表示“昨天不能使用,今天能用了”,由此说明打印机已经修好了,表示过去的事情对现在造成的影响,所以使用现在完成时;且fix与从句主语 it之间为被动关系,从句主语为单数,谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been fixed。
10.答案：have been displayed
解析：句意为:这是第一次这些珍贵的艺术品向公众展出。此处为句型"this is the first time +that+ sb/sth has done sth",设空处为从句谓语,动词display与从句主语works构成被动关系,故用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been displayed。
二、
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The study integrates movement data from more than 329,000 birds of 112 species to identify the areas where migratory birds face the greatest threats from climate change and habitat loss. Researchers introduce a new way called multispecies migratory connectivity to measure these threats. (该研究整合了112个物种的329,000多只鸟类的迁徙数据，以识别候鸟面临气候变化和栖息地丧失最大威胁的区域。研究人员引入了一种名为“多物种迁徙连通性”的新方法来衡量这些威胁。)”可知，多物种迁徙连通性是用来衡量候鸟面临的风险的。故选C。
2.答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段中划线词下文“suggesting the threats faced by long-distance migrants (表明长途迁徙者面临的威胁)”和“Alarmingly, over half of the migration paths at very high risk involve breeding regions in the eastern United States. (令人担忧的是，超过一半的高风险迁徙路线涉及美国东部的繁殖区。)”可知，研究结果表明，加拿大一些繁殖区与南美洲非繁殖区之间的迁徙路线尤其脆弱，vulnerable意为“脆弱的，易受伤的”，和Easily damaged意思相近。故选A。
3.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A 2019 study determined that there are nearly three billion fewer birds in North America than in the year 1970, with two-and-a-half billion of those birds considered migratory birds. The survival of many of these migratory species remains uncertain if countries do not take action to reduce climate pollution and the impacts of human activities that threaten birds and their habitats. (2019年的一项研究确定，北美地区的鸟类数量比1970年减少了近30亿只，其中25亿只是候鸟。如果这些国家不采取行动减少气候污染和人类活动对鸟类及其栖息地的威胁，许多迁徙物种的生存仍然不确定。)”可推知，最后一段提到了2019年的研究是为了强调保护行动的必要性。故选B。
4.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Today, scientists with the National Audubon Society published a study in which they propose a new way to identify where conservation efforts are most needed to ensure the survival for migratory birds that travel between Canada and South America. (如今，美国奥杜邦协会的科学家们发表了一项研究。在这项研究中，他们提出了一种新方法，用以确定在哪些地方最需要开展保护工作，从而确保在加拿大和南美洲之间迁徙的候鸟能够生存下来。)”可知，本文主要讲的是美国奥杜邦协会的科学家们发表了一项研究，提出了一种新方法来确定在加拿大和南美洲之间迁徙的候鸟最需要保护的地方，因此D选项“Scientists Identify Key Areas for Protecting Migratory Birds(科学家确定了保护候鸟的关键区域)”很好地概括文章主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选D。
三、
答案：ABFGC
解析：①由上文“Studies suggest regular eaters enjoy better overall health. (研究表明，经常进食的人整体健康状况更好)”和第二段首句“Firstly, dark chocolate helps prevent heart disease. (首先，黑巧克力有助于预防心脏病)”、第四段首句“Additionally, dark chocolate protects skin. (此外，黑巧克力可以保护皮肤)”可知，下文需要引出对具体健康益处的详细说明，A选项“让我们详细探讨一下这些好处”引领下文，切合语境。故选A。
②上文“Firstly, dark chocolate helps prevent heart disease. Like green tea, it contains special substances called flavonoids (类黄酮). These act as the body’s natural protectors. (首先，黑巧克力有助于预防心脏病。像绿茶一样，它含有一种叫作黄酮类的特殊物质。它们是身体的天然保护者)”提到黑巧克力中的类黄酮是身体的天然保护者，下文“Flavonoids help by lowering blood pressure, keeping our heart healthy. (黄酮类化合物有助于降低血压，保持心脏健康)”解释类黄酮通过降低血压保护心脏，B选项“They fight against harmful substances.(他们对抗有害物质)”直接说明类黄酮的作用，选项中的“They”指代“flavonoids”，“harmful substances”与下文“For example, when our body processes food, or when we’re in sunlight or polluted air, harmful things form. (例如，当我们的身体处理食物时，或者当我们在阳光或污染的空气中时，会形成有害物质)”中的“harmful things form”呼应。故选B。
③该空为本段主题句。由下文“The mood improvement lasts longer than expected. When eaten, it makes the brain produce “feel-good” chemicals, similar to the joy after exercise. Tests show it affects the brain like pleasant music does. A small piece can lift your mood during stress. (情绪改善的持续时间比预期的要长。当黑巧克力被吃掉时，它会使大脑产生‘感觉良好’的化学物质，类似于运动后的快乐。测试表明，它像悦耳的音乐一样影响大脑。一小块可以在压力下提升你的情绪)”可知，本段主题是黑巧克力改善情绪，F选项“另一个关键好处是它能够改善心理健康”能够概括本段主旨，切合语境。故选F。
④上文“Additionally, dark chocolate protects skin. Its substances absorb certain sunlight linked to skin aging. (此外，黑巧克力可以保护皮肤。它的物质吸收某些与皮肤衰老有关的阳光)”提到黑巧克力成分可吸收有害光线，下文“People eating it daily showed less skin dryness in a study. (一项研究表明，每天吃它的人皮肤干燥程度较低)”提到吃黑巧克力能让人的皮肤不那么干燥，G选项“因此，皮肤变得更健康，更能抵抗损伤”总结保护效果，符合语境。故选G。
⑤上文“However, too much brings problems. (然而，太多会带来问题)”指出吃太多黑巧克力会带来坏处；C选项“尽管它有好处，但热量很高”承上启下，指出黑巧克力尽管有上面几段所阐述的益处，但也有弊端，“high in calories”呼应下文“A 100g bar has as many calories as a full meal. (一块100克的巧克力棒所含的卡路里相当于一顿大餐)”讲黑巧克力热量高的问题。故选C。
现在完成时的被动语态
一、构成
肯定式 主语+have/has been done…
否定式 主语+have/has not been done…
一般疑问式 Have/Has+主语+been done…
特殊疑问式 疑问词+have/has+主语+been done…
二、现在完成时的被动语态的主要用法
1. 表示被动的动作发生在说话之前(即现在的过去)，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，recently，just等时间状语连用。如：
The letter has been sent. 信已经寄出去了。(结果是现在信处于已寄出的状态)
2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long… ”句式中。如：
①The old building has been protected for ten years.
这栋古老的建筑已被保护了十年。
②The festival has been prepared since last month.
这个节日从上个月起就开始筹备了。
三、使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题
1.现在完成时的被动语态中包含have/has和been，两者缺一不可。
2.动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略动词短语中的介词或副词。如：
①The child has been well taken care of.
这个孩子一直被照顾得很好。
②Recently the traffic issues have been paid close attention to.
近来，交通问题已经得到了密切关注。
3.注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。
一般过去时的被动语态表示被动的动作发生在过去的某个时刻，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。如：
①The laptop has been repaired by the technician.
我的笔记本电脑已经被技术员修好了。(与现在有关：现在电脑可以使用了)
②The laptop was repaired by the technician.
我的笔记本电脑被技术员修好了。(与现在无关：只是曾经发生过这样的事情，不能判断电脑现在是否还能使用)
易错题
一、句子填空
1.Every possible means ______ (try) to save the endangered species so far.
2.All his lifetime he produced a large number of works of calligraphy, but up to now ,the majority of his original works ______ (destroy) or lost.
3.Traditional Chinese medicine is an ancient system of health and wellness that ______ (use) in China for thousands of years.
4.The durability of the new material ______ (test) in various weather conditions in the last few months.
5.Masses of work ______ (do) to prevent the river from being polluted up to now.
6.To lower the housing price, several measures ______ (adopt) in the last two years.
7.After the age of sixteen, as ______ (discover) in the past few decades, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year.
8.So far it ______ (confirm) that the conference will take place next week.
9.Although the printer didn't work yesterday, you can use it now as it ______ (fix).
10.This is the first time that these precious works of art ______ (display) to the public.
二、阅读理解
Migratory birds (候鸟) rely on a network of habitats across continents (洲). Today, scientists with the National Audubon Society published a study in which they propose a new way to identify where conservation efforts are most needed to ensure the survival for migratory birds that travel between Canada and South America.
The study integrates movement data from more than 329,000 birds of 112 species to identify the areas where migratory birds face the greatest threats from climate change and habitat loss. Researchers introduce a new way called multispecies migratory connectivity to measure these threats. Despite a growing understanding of how birds connect across different places and seasons, by combining connectivity patterns across many species with future climate changes and habitat changes, researchers find out the migration paths at the highest risk throughout the Americas.
The findings show that migration paths between some breeding (繁殖) regions in Canada and non-breeding regions in South America are particularly vulnerable, suggesting the threats faced by long-distance migrants. Alarmingly, over half of the migration paths at very high risk involve breeding regions in the eastern United States. “Bird migration is one of the most incredible and impressive phenomena in nature. This new science highlights the need for continued investment and international efforts to reduce the dangers migratory birds meet across the entire continents,” said Dr. Jill Deppe, senior director of Audubon’s Migratory Bird Initiative.
A 2019 study determined that there are nearly three billion fewer birds in North America than in the year 1970, with two-and-a-half billion of those birds considered migratory birds. The survival of many of these migratory species remains uncertain if countries do not take action to reduce climate pollution and the impacts of human activities that threaten birds and their habitats. By learning more about the threats these birds are facing during their annual cycle, we can focus on the places and actions that will have the biggest impact for securing their future.
1. What is multispecies migratory connectivity used to do
A. Track the migration paths of many species.
B. Identify suitable habitats for breeding birds.
C. Measure the risks faced by migratory birds.
D. Guess future populations of migratory birds.
2. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Easily damaged. B. Equally improved.
C. Well protected. D. Widely spread.
3. Why is the 2019 study mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To praise the success of conservation efforts.
B. To stress the necessity of conservation action.
C. To compare migration patterns of different bird species.
D. To explain the causes of climate change affecting birds.
4. What can be the best title for the text
A. The Role of Global Efforts in Bird Conservation
B. New Scientific Tools for Tracking Bird Migration
C. How Climate Change Is Reshaping Bird Migration Pattern
D. Scientists Identify Key Areas for Protecting Migratory Birds
三、七选五
Dark Chocolate: A Sweet Surprise for Health
You might find it hard to believe, but dark chocolate isn’t just a delicious treat; it can actually be good for your health! When eaten in proper amounts, this sweet delight offers amazing health advantages. Studies suggest regular eaters enjoy better overall health. ①________
Firstly, dark chocolate helps prevent heart disease. Like green tea, it contains special substances called flavonoids (类黄酮). These act as the body’s natural protectors. ②________ Research shows they begin working quickly after eating. For example, when our body processes food, or when we’re in sunlight or polluted air, harmful things form. These can damage cells and cause heart issues. Flavonoids help by lowering blood pressure, keeping our heart healthy. This may reduce heart attack risks.
③________ The mood improvement lasts longer than expected. When eaten, it makes the brain produce “feel-good” chemicals, similar to the joy after exercise. Tests show it affects the brain like pleasant music does. A small piece can lift your mood during stress.
Additionally, dark chocolate protects skin. Its substances absorb certain sunlight linked to skin aging. ④________ This natural protection works from inside the body. People eating it daily showed less skin dryness in a study.
However, too much brings problems. ⑤________ A 100g bar has as many calories as a full meal. Experts suggest no more than 60 grams daily (2-3 small bining it with fruits makes a healthier choice.
A. Let’s explore these benefits in detail.
B. They fight against harmful substances.
C. Despite its benefits, it is high in calories.
D. These substances are mainly found in cocoa beans.
E. Dark chocolate requires complex processing methods.
F. Another key benefit is its ability to improve mental well-being.
G. As a result, the skin becomes healthier and more resistant to damage.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：has been tried
解析：考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，每一种可能的方法都已经被用来拯救濒危物种。这里考查谓语动词，主语Every possible means与try之间是被动关系，再由so far可知，这里时态应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语Every possible means为第三人称单数形式。故填has been tried。
2.答案：have been destroyed
解析：句意为:他一生创作了大量的书法作品,但迄今为止,他的大部分原创作品已被损毁或遗失。but后为第二个并列分句,设空处为该分句的谓语;根据时间状语 up to now 可知,应用现在完成时;destroy与分句主语the majority of his original works之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;“the majority of +可数名词复数”作主语,意为“大多数……”,谓语动词用复数形式。故填 have been destroyed。
3.答案：has been used
解析：句意为:中医是一种古老的医疗体系,在中国已经沿用了数千年。设空处为从句的谓语,根据时间状语for thousands of years可知,应用现在完成时;关系词that在从句中作主语,指代Traditional Chinese medicine,与use之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;先行词为system,助动词用has。故填has been used。
4.答案：has been tested
解析：句意为:在过去的几个月里,这种新材料在各种天气条件下进行了耐久性测试。根据时间状语 in the last few months 可知, 本句应用现在完成时; 主语为 The durability of the new material, 和动词 test 之间是被动关系,应用被动语态, durability为不可数名词, 谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been tested。
5.答案：have been done
解析：句意为: 到目前为止,为防止这条河被污染已做了大量工作。分析句子结构可知, 设空处是句中的谓语动词, do与主语Masses of work之间是被动关系,句中有时间状语up to now, 应用现在完成时; 又因“masses of +名词”作主语, 谓语动词应用复数形式,所以助动词用 have。故填have been done。
6.答案：have been adopted
解析：时间状语in the last two years是典型的现在完成时的标志,主语several measures与动词adopt之间为被动关系,故应用现在完成时的被动语态;主语为复数,谓语应用复数形式。故填have been adopted。
7.答案：has been discovered
解析：句意为:正如过去几十年来的发现,在16岁以后,我们的脑细胞数量开始以每年几百万的速度减少。分析句子可知,此处在as引导的非限制性定语从句中作谓语,as有“正如……一样”的意思,先行词为整个主句,关系词在从句中作主语,和 discover之间为被动关系,结合in the past few decades可知,应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been discovered.
8.答案：has been confirmed
解析：句意为:到目前为止,已经确认会议将于下周举行。分析句子结构可知,设空处在主句中作谓语,it为形式主语,与动词confirm之间为被动关系,且根据时间状语So far可判断出设空处应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been confirmed。
9.答案：has been fixed
解析：句意为:虽然昨天打印机坏了,但你现在可以用了,因为它已经修好了。分析句子结构可知,此处为as引导的原因状语从句的谓语,结合句意,此处表示“昨天不能使用,今天能用了”,由此说明打印机已经修好了,表示过去的事情对现在造成的影响,所以使用现在完成时;且fix与从句主语 it之间为被动关系,从句主语为单数,谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been fixed。
10.答案：have been displayed
解析：句意为:这是第一次这些珍贵的艺术品向公众展出。此处为句型"this is the first time +that+ sb/sth has done sth",设空处为从句谓语,动词display与从句主语works构成被动关系,故用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been displayed。
二、
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The study integrates movement data from more than 329,000 birds of 112 species to identify the areas where migratory birds face the greatest threats from climate change and habitat loss. Researchers introduce a new way called multispecies migratory connectivity to measure these threats. (该研究整合了112个物种的329,000多只鸟类的迁徙数据，以识别候鸟面临气候变化和栖息地丧失最大威胁的区域。研究人员引入了一种名为“多物种迁徙连通性”的新方法来衡量这些威胁。)”可知，多物种迁徙连通性是用来衡量候鸟面临的风险的。故选C。
2.答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段中划线词下文“suggesting the threats faced by long-distance migrants (表明长途迁徙者面临的威胁)”和“Alarmingly, over half of the migration paths at very high risk involve breeding regions in the eastern United States. (令人担忧的是，超过一半的高风险迁徙路线涉及美国东部的繁殖区。)”可知，研究结果表明，加拿大一些繁殖区与南美洲非繁殖区之间的迁徙路线尤其脆弱，vulnerable意为“脆弱的，易受伤的”，和Easily damaged意思相近。故选A。
3.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A 2019 study determined that there are nearly three billion fewer birds in North America than in the year 1970, with two-and-a-half billion of those birds considered migratory birds. The survival of many of these migratory species remains uncertain if countries do not take action to reduce climate pollution and the impacts of human activities that threaten birds and their habitats. (2019年的一项研究确定，北美地区的鸟类数量比1970年减少了近30亿只，其中25亿只是候鸟。如果这些国家不采取行动减少气候污染和人类活动对鸟类及其栖息地的威胁，许多迁徙物种的生存仍然不确定。)”可推知，最后一段提到了2019年的研究是为了强调保护行动的必要性。故选B。
4.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Today, scientists with the National Audubon Society published a study in which they propose a new way to identify where conservation efforts are most needed to ensure the survival for migratory birds that travel between Canada and South America. (如今，美国奥杜邦协会的科学家们发表了一项研究。在这项研究中，他们提出了一种新方法，用以确定在哪些地方最需要开展保护工作，从而确保在加拿大和南美洲之间迁徙的候鸟能够生存下来。)”可知，本文主要讲的是美国奥杜邦协会的科学家们发表了一项研究，提出了一种新方法来确定在加拿大和南美洲之间迁徙的候鸟最需要保护的地方，因此D选项“Scientists Identify Key Areas for Protecting Migratory Birds(科学家确定了保护候鸟的关键区域)”很好地概括文章主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选D。
三、
答案：ABFGC
解析：①由上文“Studies suggest regular eaters enjoy better overall health. (研究表明，经常进食的人整体健康状况更好)”和第二段首句“Firstly, dark chocolate helps prevent heart disease. (首先，黑巧克力有助于预防心脏病)”、第四段首句“Additionally, dark chocolate protects skin. (此外，黑巧克力可以保护皮肤)”可知，下文需要引出对具体健康益处的详细说明，A选项“让我们详细探讨一下这些好处”引领下文，切合语境。故选A。
②上文“Firstly, dark chocolate helps prevent heart disease. Like green tea, it contains special substances called flavonoids (类黄酮). These act as the body’s natural protectors. (首先，黑巧克力有助于预防心脏病。像绿茶一样，它含有一种叫作黄酮类的特殊物质。它们是身体的天然保护者)”提到黑巧克力中的类黄酮是身体的天然保护者，下文“Flavonoids help by lowering blood pressure, keeping our heart healthy. (黄酮类化合物有助于降低血压，保持心脏健康)”解释类黄酮通过降低血压保护心脏，B选项“They fight against harmful substances.(他们对抗有害物质)”直接说明类黄酮的作用，选项中的“They”指代“flavonoids”，“harmful substances”与下文“For example, when our body processes food, or when we’re in sunlight or polluted air, harmful things form. (例如，当我们的身体处理食物时，或者当我们在阳光或污染的空气中时，会形成有害物质)”中的“harmful things form”呼应。故选B。
③该空为本段主题句。由下文“The mood improvement lasts longer than expected. When eaten, it makes the brain produce “feel-good” chemicals, similar to the joy after exercise. Tests show it affects the brain like pleasant music does. A small piece can lift your mood during stress. (情绪改善的持续时间比预期的要长。当黑巧克力被吃掉时，它会使大脑产生‘感觉良好’的化学物质，类似于运动后的快乐。测试表明，它像悦耳的音乐一样影响大脑。一小块可以在压力下提升你的情绪)”可知，本段主题是黑巧克力改善情绪，F选项“另一个关键好处是它能够改善心理健康”能够概括本段主旨，切合语境。故选F。
④上文“Additionally, dark chocolate protects skin. Its substances absorb certain sunlight linked to skin aging. (此外，黑巧克力可以保护皮肤。它的物质吸收某些与皮肤衰老有关的阳光)”提到黑巧克力成分可吸收有害光线，下文“People eating it daily showed less skin dryness in a study. (一项研究表明，每天吃它的人皮肤干燥程度较低)”提到吃黑巧克力能让人的皮肤不那么干燥，G选项“因此，皮肤变得更健康，更能抵抗损伤”总结保护效果，符合语境。故选G。
⑤上文“However, too much brings problems. (然而，太多会带来问题)”指出吃太多黑巧克力会带来坏处；C选项“尽管它有好处，但热量很高”承上启下，指出黑巧克力尽管有上面几段所阐述的益处，但也有弊端，“high in calories”呼应下文“A 100g bar has as many calories as a full meal. (一块100克的巧克力棒所含的卡路里相当于一顿大餐)”讲黑巧克力热量高的问题。故选C。