2025秋高考英语复习基础语法专题二句法第2讲名词性从句课件

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名称 2025秋高考英语复习基础语法专题二句法第2讲名词性从句课件
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专题二 句法篇
第2讲 名词性从句
◎高瞻远瞩→研究如何考◎
真题再现
题型 高考典例 设题角度解读



空 1.(2024全国甲卷)On a cool,starry night in mid-September 1870,four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in     is now northwestern Wyoming.
2.(2024全国新高考Ⅰ卷改编)You put organisms in new relationships and observe     is happening.
3.(2024全国新高考Ⅱ卷改编)The key finding of the study was
     when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. 考查名词性从句的引导词,其中what,that,how,whether,if是考查的重点
what 
what 
that
题型 高考典例 设题角度解读



空 4.(2024浙江1月卷改编)Perhaps the most remarkable,however,was the fact      this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labour.
5.(2023全国新高考Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists.This is      they need an English trainer.
6.(2023天津3月卷改编)Yet      began as a recipe book became a kind of memoir. 考查名词性从句的引导词,其中what,that,how,whether,if是考查的重点
that
why
what
1.考查宾语从句。句意:1870年9月中旬,在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚,四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松,这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。分析句子结构可知,介词in后为宾语从句,空格处在从句中作主语,指代Firehole River,应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
2.考查宾语从句。句意:你把生物体放在新的关系中,然后观察会发生什么。分析句子结构可知,及物动词observe后为宾语从句,空格处在从句中作主语。再结合语境可知,此处应用连接代词what引导从句。故应填what。
3. 考查表语从句。句意:这项研究的关键发现是,当人群被进一步划分为更小的小组,允许他们进行讨论时,这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,系动词was后为表语从句,从句句子成分和意思均完整,应用连接词that引导从句。故填that。
4. 考查同位语从句。句意:然而,也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动后花几个小时学习。分析句子结构可知,名词fact后为同位语从句,补充说明事实的具体内容。从句句子成分和意思均完整,应用连接词that引导从句。故填that。
5. 考查表语从句。句意:他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。这就是他们为什么需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,系动词is后为表语从句。空格处在从句中作原因状语,应用连接副词why。故填why。
6. 句意:然而,这本最初的食谱变成了一种回忆录。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,“     began as a recipe book”为主语从句,空格处在从句中作主语,指代物品,应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
解题策略
▼根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系,或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句;一旦判断是名词性从句,就根据名词性从句中所缺的句子成分来确定连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语,用连接代词;若缺少状语就用连接副词;
▼如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整,是否需要用whether/if;如果不缺少成分且意思完整用that。
引导词
◎核心精讲→归纳如何学◎
引导词 示例 用法
从属连词 that,whether,if 只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
连接代词 what(ever),who(ever),
whom(ever),which(ever),whose 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词 when,where,how,why 在从句中作状语
主语从句
1.定义:主语从句是指在复合句中充当主语的从句。
2.引导词
从属连词:that, whether/if
连接代词:who(ever), what(ever), which(ever), whom(ever), whose
连接副词:when, where, how, why
3.4个注意点
(1)陈述句语序;
(2)单个主语从句作主语,谓语动词常用单数;
(3)that在主语从句中不能省略;
(4)表“是否”且放在句首时只能用whether。
4.what与that引导主语从句的区别
what引导主语从句时,表示“……的(东西)”,并且在从句中充当句子成分;而that引导主语从句时,其本身没有实际意义,也不充当句子成分,通常不可省略。
When he will come is not clear.
他什么时候会来还不清楚。
That he will refuse the offer is unlikely.
他不可能拒绝这个报价。
5.形式主语it
(1)It+be+形容词(necessary/important/likely/certain等)+引导词+从句
(2)It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)+引导词+从句
(3)It+be+动词的-ed形式(said/told/reported等)+引导词+从句
(4)It+不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,matter等)+引导词+从句
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药,但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。
[名师点津]
当it作形式主语时,主语从句放在句末时,用if或whether引导均可,但如果被后置的主语从句中引导词后接or not时,只能用whether。
宾语从句
1.定义:宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的从句。它通常跟在动词、介词和某些形容词之后。
2.引导词
从属连词:that, whether, if
连接代词:what(ever), who(ever), whom(ever), whose, which(ever)
连接副词:when(ever), where/wherever, how(ever), why
3.四个注意点
(1)陈述句语序;
(2)whether和if一般能互换,但在介词后或与or not连用时,只能用whether;
(3)宾语从句的时态规律。当主句使用一般现在时,宾语从句的时态由从句的时间状语或语境决定;当主句使用一般过去时,宾语从句应改为对应的过去时;当宾语从句为客观真理时,应用一般现在时;
(4)宾语从句的否定转移。将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don’t think (that) I know you.
我想我并不认识你。
4.宾语从句中四种常见的不能省略that的情况
(1)that从句作except, besides等介词的宾语时;
(2)动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时,只有第一个that可以省略,从第二个从句开始that不可省略;
(3)宾语从句前有插入语时;
(4)it作形式宾语代替that引导的宾语从句时。
They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。
5.it作形式宾语的常见句型
(1)find/feel/think/consider/make+it+补语(形容词或名词)+动词不定式/从句
(2)hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy+it+从句
(3)see to/depend on/rely on+it+从句
(4)take it for granted+that+从句/owe it to sb.+that+从句
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候,我负责把他照顾好。
表语从句
1.定义:表语从句是指在复合句中充当主语的从句。它通常谓语系动词后。常见的系动词主要有:be, look, smell, taste, sound, feel, get, become, turn, grow, go, keep, stay, remain, seem, appear等。
2.引导词
从属连词:that, whether, as if, as though
连接代词:who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever
连接副词:when, where, how, why, because
3.四个注意点
(1)陈述句语序;
(2)if不引导表语从句;
(3)as if/though引导的表语从句常跟在seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel等动词后。
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
听上去好像有人在敲门。
(4)当主句的主语是reason时,表语从句一般由that引导,这种用法常见于句型“The reason why…is that…”。
The reason why he came late was that he got up late.
他来得晚是因为起晚了。
4.表语从句的三个易混句式
句式类型 意义及用法 例句
This/That
is why… 意为“这/那就是……的原因”,why后接表结果的从句 That’s why I want you to work there.
那就是我想要你在那里工作的原因。
句式类型 意义及用法 例句
This/That/
It is because
… 意为“这/那是因为……”,because后接表原因的从句 It’s just because he doesn’t know her.
这仅仅是因为他不认识她。
The reason
why…is
that… 意为“……的原因是……”,why引导定语从句,that引导表语从句 The reason why he didn’t come was that it was raining heavily.
他没有来的原因是(当时)雨下得很大。
同位语从句
1.定义:同位语从句在句子中作某一名词的同位语,一般位于该名词之后,进一步解释、说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有:belief,possibility,fact,idea,hope,doubt,news,conclusion,suggestion,problem,order,answer,decision,discovery,explanation,information,knowledge,opinion, truth, promise, report, thought等。
2.引导词
从属连词:that, whether
连接代词:who(m), which, what, whose
连接副词:where, when, why, how
3.三个注意点
(1)陈述句语序;
(2)that只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,无实在意义,但不可以省略;
(3)if不引导同位语从句。
4.同位语从句与定语从句的区别
定语从句是形容词性从句,其作用相当于一个形容词,是用来修饰限定前面的名词或代词;同位语从句是名词性从句,其作用相当于一个名词,是对前面的名词作进一步说明或解释。
The news that he told her yesterday was true.(定语从句)
The news that he won the game was true.(同位语从句)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2024全国新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed     he improved after two or three treatments.
2.(2024全国新高考Ⅰ卷改编)     worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.
3.The famous player tried again and again after each failure. That is
    he succeeded at last.
◎冲关训练→专练如何解◎
that
What
why 
1. 考查宾语从句。句意:然后,他尝试了针灸,一种中国古老的做法,两三个疗程之后,令人惊奇的是,他的病症居然好多了。分析句子结构可知,形容词amazed后为宾语从句。从句句子成分和意义均完整,故用that引导从句。故填that。
2. 考查主语从句。句意:在一个兽医身上起作用的东西,似乎在他的病人身上也起作用了。分析句子结构可知,谓语动词seemed前为主语从句。从句缺少主语并表示“在兽医身上起作用的东西”,应用连接代词what引导从句。此处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填What。
3.考查表语从句。句意:每次失败后,这位著名的球员一次又一次地尝试。那就是他最终成功了的原因。分析句子结构可知,系动词is后为表语从句。再结合语境可知,此处说明运动员反复尝试的结果,应用连接副词why引导从句。故填why。
4. 考查宾语从句。句意:这位退休的工程师正在展示轮椅如何爬楼梯,这是所有有好奇心的游客想知道的。分析句子结构可知,动词showing后为宾语从句。再结合语境可知,此处表示“轮椅如何爬上楼梯”,应用连接副词how引导从句。故填how。
4.The retired engineer is showing     the wheelchair climbs stairs, which all the curious visitors want to know. 
5.David enjoys painting but he knows the fact     he doesn’t have what it takes to be a professional.
6.Success partially depends on      you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.
7.It never occurred to me     you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
how
that
whether
that 
5. 考查同位语从句。句意:David喜欢画画,但他知道一个事实自己没有成为一名专业画家所需要的(东西)。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导同位语从句,说明fact的具体内容,从句不缺成分且意思完整,应用that引导从句。故填that。
6. 考查宾语从句。句意:成功取决于你是否有耐心把简单的事做到完美。分析句子结构可知,动词短语depend on后为宾语从句。再结合语境可知,此处表示“是否有耐心把简单的事做到完美”,应用连词whether引导从句。故填 whether。
7.考查主语从句。句意:我从未想过你可以成功劝说他改变他的想法。分析句子结构可知,it为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的从句,从句中不缺成分且句意完整,应用that引导从句。故填that。
8.考查宾语从句。句意:为了使Joseph教授所说的成为现实,这个学生完成了这个实验。分析句子结构可知,“     Professor Joseph had said”作动词make的宾语。再结合语境可知,此处表示“……所说的话”,应用what引导从句。故填what。
8.The student completed this experiment to make     Professor Joseph had said come true.
9.The reason why the injection needs repeating every year is     the virus changes.
10.While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence     they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
what 
that
that
9. 考查表语从句。句意:每年需要重新注射的原因是这病毒经常变化。分析句子结构可知,系动词is后为表语从句。从句句子成分和意思均完整,应用that引导从句。故填that。
10. 考查同位语从句。句意:尽管在北纬88度以北的地方很少见到它们,但有证据表明,它们的活动范围遍及整个北极南至加拿大的詹姆斯湾。分析句子结构可知,名词evidence后为同位语从句,解释evidence的具体内容。从句句子成分和意思均完整,应用that引导从句。故填that。
Ⅱ.语法填空
I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing that happened in my restaurant today.
This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody knew 1.     he was. We wondered 2.     he was so hungry. We were surprised 3.     he finished two orders of food in a very limited time. We cast doubt 4.     the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked 5.      we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then what shocked us was 6.     he took out of a letter with a million pound bank note.
who
why
that
whether
whether/if
that
I asked Mr Clements 7.     it was genuine or not. Mr Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He thought 8.     the gentleman showed them couldn’t be a false.
9.     a gentleman with a million pound bank note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there. I really couldn’t describe 10.     excited I was.
whether
what
Why
how