2025秋高考英语复习基础语法专题二句法第3讲并列句和状语从句课件

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名称 2025秋高考英语复习基础语法专题二句法第3讲并列句和状语从句课件
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专题二 句法篇
第3讲 并列句和状语从句
◎高瞻远瞩→研究如何考◎
真题再现
题型 高考典例 设题角度解读



空 1.(2024全国新高考Ⅱ卷)Edmondson said,“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language     see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
2.(2024北京卷改编)During my second year,I failed my comprehensive exam     my proposal was unclear.
3.(2024浙江1月卷)Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home     you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. 1.考查并列连词(考查重点:and,but,or,
so,while)

2.考查状语从句的连接词
and
because
or
题型 高考典例 设题角度解读



空 4.(2023全国新高考Ⅰ卷)The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one,you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first,releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出),    to put the whole dumpling in your mouth,letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
5.(2023北京卷改编)     you are able to pick up a new habit in a few weeks,it takes many months to build a healthy habit.
6.(2023全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that shouldn’t work,
    somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
7.(2023全国甲卷改编)So,it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges     I’ve moved out. 1.考查并列连词(考查重点:and,but,or,so,while)

2.考查状语从句的连接词
or
While/Although/Though
but
when
1. 考查并列句。句意:回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson说:“听到中文和看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的是非常激动人心的”。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,空格前的“hear the Chinese language”和空格后的“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列成分,应用and来连接。故填and。
2. 考查原因状语从句。句意:在我的第二年,我的综合考试不及格,因为我的提案不清楚。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导状语从句。再根据语境可知,此处说明综合考试不合格的原因。故填because。
3. 考查并列句。句意:要么你买的东西太重,搬不回家,要么你买的东西还新鲜,就不能用了。此处考查固定搭配either…or…,意为“要么……要么……”。故填or。
4. 考查并列句。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。此处考查固定搭配whether…or…,意为“无论是……还是……”。故填or。
5. 考查让步状语从句。句意:虽然你可以在几周内养成一个新习惯,但要养成一个健康的习惯却需要几个月的时间。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,空格处所在的句子与下文内容构成让步关系,应用while/although/though来连接。此处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填While/Although/Though。
6. 考查并列句。句意:这是一种明显的视觉对比,不应该起作用,但不知何故,这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,空格前后内容之间存在转折关系,应用but来连接。故填but。
7. 考查时间状语从句。句意:所以,当我搬出去时,知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导状语从句。再根据语境可知,此处表示“在我搬出去的时候”。故填when。
解题策略
▼并列连词主要考查通过句子意义及两个并列成分之间的关系来确定连词的能力。因此,解题时准确理解题干的意义,理清前后逻辑关系很重要。
▼状语从句的考查集中在引导词的使用上。解题时要认真分析主从句之间的逻辑关系,明确从句表示时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、方式、比较等,再根据各种从句可能使用的连接词确定正确答案。解答试题的关键在于分清句子结构,同时对句意的理解必须到位。
并列句
  并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中,这些简单句常用并列连词(短语)连在一起。常见的并列连词见下表:
◎核心精讲→归纳如何学◎
用法 连词
表示并列、递进或顺承关系 and,both…and…,neither…nor…,not only…but(also)…,not…but…等
表示转折、对比关系 but,while等
表示选择关系 either…or…,or等
表示因果关系 for,so等
He not only read the book but also remembered what he had read.
他不仅读了这本书,而且还记得自己读过什么。
It often rains in the south, while it seldom rains in the north.
南方经常下雨,而北方很少下雨。
Now you can have a rest or go to the cinema.
现在你可以休息一下,或者去看电影。
He finds it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight is beginning to fail.
他发现阅读越来越困难,因为他的视力开始衰退。
[名师点津]
“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型是近年来高考的常考点,有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。
Stick to your principles,and you will win through.
坚持你的原则,就会胜利。
状语从句
▼时间状语从句
1.when, while与as引导的时间状语从句
连词 从句谓语动词 用法
when 延续性动词或非延续性动词 从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生
while 延续性动词 从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生
as 延续性动词 强调主从句的动作相伴发生,意为“一边……一边……;随着”
Metals expand when they are heated.
金属受热时膨胀。
While/When I was reading, he came in.
我正在看书时,他进来了。
The students sang as they walked.
学生们边走边唱。
[名师点津]
连词when的常见句型有:
①be doing sth when…正在做某事,这时(突然)……
②be about to do sth when…正要做某事,这时(突然)……
③be on the point of doing sth when…正要做某事,这时(突然)……
④had done sth when…刚做了某事,这时(突然)……
2.before与since引导的时间状语从句
(1)before与since的常用句型
连词 词义 常用句型
before 在……之前;还未……就……;……才……;趁……;还没来得及…… It will be+一段时间+before…过……(时间)才……
It won’t be long before…不久……就……
It was+时间段+before…过了……(时间)才……
since 自从……以来 It is/has been+一段时间+since…自……以来已经有……
It will be half a year before I come back.
我半年之后才回来。
It won’t be long before we meet again.
用不了多久我们就会再见面。
It was three days before he came back.
三天后他才回来。
(2)(ever) since引导时间状语从句时,从句常用一般现在时,主句用现在完成时。Since还可以用作介词,其常见用法为“since+过去的某一时间点”或“since+一段时间+ago”。
He has had a car ever since he was 18.
他从18岁起就有汽车了。
She has taught in this school since three years ago.
她从三年前开始就在这所学校教书。
3.表示“一……就……”的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句
(1)引导时间状语从句,且表示“一……就……”的词或短语有as soon as,the moment/minute/instant,immediately, directly, instantly, hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than…等。
Directly you feel any pains, you must go to the doctor.
你一感觉疼痛就必须去看医生。
We will leave the minute you are ready.
你一准备好,我们就出发。
(2)在hardly/scarcely…when,no sooner…than…中,主句应用过去完成时,从句应用一般过去时;当no sooner…和hardly/scarcely…置于句首时,主句要部分倒装。
Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.
他一听到这个消息就哭了。
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
我们刚到火车站火车就开了。
4.until与till引导的时间状语从句
(1)until与till引导时间状语从句的区别:
连词 位置 用法
until 句首或句中 not…until可用于强调句型
till 句中 一般不用于强调句型
We walked along the river until/till it was dark.
我们沿着河散步,一直走到天黑。
It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.
教授来了之后,我们才开始实验。
(2)not until置于句首时,主句要部分倒装。
Not until he told me about it again did I have any idea of it.
直到他又告诉我一遍我才明白。
(3)until/till用于肯定句时,主句的谓语动词常用延续性动词;用于否定句时,主句的谓语动词常用非延续性动词。
They waited till/until I returned.
他们一直等着我回来。
He didn’t flip on the headlights until he was two blocks away.
直到过了两个街区后,他才打开前灯。
5.引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语)
(1)引导时间状语从句的连词(短语)还有after, whenever, every time, each time, next time, the first/last time, any time, by the time, the day/year等。
Each time we scored we were pegged back minutes later.
每次我们得分,几分钟后便被追上。
(2)by the time引导的时间状语从句如果用一般现在时,主句常用将来完成时;从句如果用一般过去时,主句常用过去完成时。
By the time you come back,we will have finished the job.
到你回来的时候,我们将已经完成了这项工作。
By the time we got there,the rain had stopped.
我们到达那儿时,雨已经停了。
▼地点状语从句和条件状语从句
1.地点状语从句
where, wherever可引导地点状语从句。
We must camp where we can get water.
我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。
2.条件状语从句
(1)引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词(短语)有if, unless, as/so long as, in case, once(一旦),on condition that, provided/providing(that),supposing/suppose (that), assuming that(假设)等。
You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard.
除非你努力学习,否则你会考试不及格。
Supposing that they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?
假如他们拒绝了我们,我们还能求助于谁?
They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend.
他们同意把车借给我们,条件是我们必须在周末前归还。
(2)在条件状语从句中,可用一般现在时代替一般将来时,一般过去时代替过去将来时。
In case there is a fire, what will we do first?
万一发生火灾,我们首先做什么?
▼原因状语从句和目的状语从句
1.原因状语从句
(1)because, as, since, now that的用法
连词(短语) 位置 用法 语气 能否回
答why的疑问句   能否被
强调
because 主句前或后 强调直接因果
关系 强 能 能
as 主句前或后 强调双方
都知道的原因   弱 不能 不能
since/
now
that 通常位
于主句前
It was because I could speak two foreign languages that I got the job.
正是因为我会说两门外语,我才得到了这份工作。
I can’t go with you, as I have a lot of work to do.
我不能和你一起去,因为我有很多工作要做。
Now that/Since everyone is here,we can begin our discussion.
既然大家都在这儿,我们可以开始讨论了。
(2)引导原因状语从句的短语有seeing that(鉴于,由于), considering that(考虑到), in that(因为)等
The book is different from that book in that this one is about chemistry and that one about history.
这本书不同于那本书,因为这本是关于化学的而那本是关于历史的。
2.目的状语从句
(1)in order that 引导的目的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后,而so that引导的从句通常置于主句之后。目的状语从句常与情态动词can, could, may, might等连用。
My old father began to study computer at the age of sixty so that he might keep up with times.
我的父亲六十岁时开始学习电脑,以便跟上时代。
(2)for fear that/in case引导目的状语从句时,从句谓语动词常用“(should)+动词原形”。
He wrote the name down for fear that/in case he (should) forget it.
他把名字写下来以免忘了。
▼结果状语从句
1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有:so that,so…that…,such…that…。其中,so/such that的常见句型如下:
①so+形容词/副词+that从句
②so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句
③so+many/much/few/little+名词+that从句
④such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句
⑤such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him.
=Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.
迈克是一个如此诚实的工人,以至于我们都信任他。
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.
天气如此晴朗,以至于我们都想去公园。
He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family.
他挣这么少的钱,以至于他养不起家。
2.为了强调形容词和副词,可把so/such置于句首,此时主句要用部分倒装。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult questions.
他是一个如此聪明的学生,以至于能够解出所有难题。
▼让步状语从句
1.although, though, while与as引导的让步状语从句
(1)although引导让步状语从句时,只能用正常语序;though引导让步状语从句时,可用正常语序,也可用倒装语序;as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序,即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首,若表语是单数名词,前置时要省略冠词。
Although/Though/While he may be troubled,he always presents a calm smiling face.
尽管他可能会遇到麻烦,但他总是露出平静的微笑。
Much as/though I have traveled,I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.
虽然我已经去过很多地方,但我从未见过像约翰这么能干的人。
Child as/though he was, he helped me a lot.
尽管他是个孩子,他却帮了我很大的忙。
(2)although/though可以与yet或still连用,但不能和but连用。
Although/Though I admit that there are problems, yet I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题存在,但我不同意这些问题不能解决。
2.even if/though引导的让步状语从句
even if/though表示“即使,纵然”,引导让步状语从句时,可用虚拟语气,也可以用陈述语气。
I’ll do it,even if it takes me all the afternoon.
我要做这件事,即使它将花去我整个下午的时间。
Even if I were in your place, I wouldn’t take the job.
即使我处于你的位置,我也不会接受这份工作。
3.“no matter+疑问词”与“疑问词+-ever”引导的让步状语从句
(1)“no matter+疑问词”相当于“疑问词+-ever”,二者都可以引导让步状语从句。
Don’t trust him, no matter what/whatever he says.
无论他说什么,不要相信他。
(2)whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever还可以引导名词性从句。
Whoever made this cake is a real artist.
制作这个蛋糕的人真是个艺术大师。
4.whether…or (not)…引导的让步状语从句
whether…or…意为“不论……还是……”,常用来引出两种情况。
We’ll go on with the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot.
不管我们能否找到所需的工具,我们都要把这项工作做下去。
▼其他状语从句
状语从句类型 从属连词
方式状语从句 as,as if/though
比较状语从句 as…as,not as/so…as,比较级+than
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
那个老太太对待那个男孩就好像他是她的亲生儿子一样。
It’s not as hard as I thought.
这没有我想象的那么困难。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2024全国新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Not all great writers are great spellers.
     you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(原稿).
2.(2024全国新高考Ⅱ卷改编)She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence,     risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.
◎冲关训练→专练如何解◎
If
or 
1. 考查条件状语从句。句意:并不是所有伟大的作家都擅长拼写。如果你想发表论文,提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,空格处引导状语从句,表示条件,应用if引导从句。此处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填If。
2.考查并列句。句意:她说我们必须保持对人工智能的控制,否则就有可能被边缘化,甚至更糟。分析句子结构可知,空格处连接两个并列的动词短语“keep control of artificial intelligence”和“risk being sidelined”。再结合语境可知,此处说明不控制人工智能的后果,应用or来连接。故填or。
3.(2024浙江1月卷改编)“We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air,      we cannot be causing drought.” Dr Krauss says.
4.(2023天津3月卷改编)      our hobbies are, the Internet can connect us with others who enjoy the same hobbies.
5.      he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
so
Whatever 
When/As
3. 考查并列句。句意:Krauss博士说:“我们只影响了空气中水分总量的很小一部分,所以我们不可能造成干旱。”分析句子结构并结合语境可知,空格处连接两个句子,且前后内容构成因果关系,应用so来连接。故填so。
4.考查让步状语从句。句意:无论我们的爱好是什么,互联网都可以把我们和那些有相同爱好的人联系起来。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导状语从句。再结合语境可知,此处表示“无论爱好是什么”,应用whatever。此处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Whatever。
5. 考查时间状语从句。句意:当他询问河畔的村民在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时,他们微笑着并指向河的下游。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,此处应用when/as引导时间状语从句时,表示“当他询问时”。此处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填When/As。
6. 考查让步状语从句。句意:虽然园艺有可能是艰难的体力劳动,但对那些热爱园艺的人来说,它缺失脑力上的放松。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导状语从句。再结合语境可知,两个句子的内容构成让步关系,应用although/though。此处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Although/Though。
6.      gardening may be hard physical work, those who love it find it very relaxing mentally.
7.Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure      offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
8.My bike was old and shaky      did the job.
9.When people are depressed, some experience a loss of appetite
     others can’t stop eating.
10.The heat from the flames was     intense that roads melted.
Although/Though
and 
but 
while
so 
7.考查并列句。句意:虽然这是你上山途中唯一人工做的东西,但它却是整个冒险旅行中最精彩部分,同时它还可以供你坐下来休息一下你酸痛的双腿。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,空格处连接两个并列成分“highlights the whole adventure”和“offers a place”,应用and来连接。故填and。
8.考查并列句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,空格前后内容构成转折关系,应用连词but来连接。故填but。
9. 考查并列句。句意:当人们郁闷时,有些人失去食欲,而有些人却忍不住吃(东西)。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,空格前后内容为人们在郁闷时的不同行为表现,表示对比,应用连词while来连接。故填while。
10.考查结果状语从句。句意:火焰的热度如此高以至于路面融化了。分析句子结构可知,此处考查固定句型“so+adj.+that从句”。故填so。
Ⅱ.语法填空
  The Miao are a culturally and historically rich ethnic minority that lives primarily in southern China. The Miao are famous for a unique characteristic — their love for silver. The silver material and designs serve a protective function, promoting the health and safety of the wearer,
1.     presenting a dazzling display that delights the eyes.
while 
2.      2006, the Miao Silver Accessory Festival has been held continually in Fenghuang Ancient Town of Hunan for Miao people
3.      that people can show their handiwork. For the Miao, silver represents a symbol of wealth and status. 4.      the jewelry looks exquisite, the wearer is appreciated more. A complete set of Miao silver jewelry can weigh several kilograms. However, the women wear it cheerfully,5.     it gives them an identity in the tribe. For over four centuries, Miao women have been covering themselves from head to toe with silver. Many families believe their daughters cannot get married
Since 
so
If
as/for
6.      they own a proper silver outfit, and start saving up to 10 years 7.      the ceremony is held.
The Miao have their own craftsmen who create each piece of jewelry with great care. The items are handmade 8.     use the knowledge passed down from generations. In their eyes, the artifact can not only ward off evil spirits, 9.     also bring good luck and happiness. The silver ornaments are of various types and peculiar shapes 10.     are exquisitely crafted, making them a standout in the clothing culture of China’s many ethnic groups.
unless 
before
and
but
and