2025秋高考英语复习基础语法专题一词法第7讲情态动词和虚拟语气课件
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| 名称 | 2025秋高考英语复习基础语法专题一词法第7讲情态动词和虚拟语气课件 |  | |
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专题一 词法篇
第7讲 情态动词和虚拟语气
◎高瞻远瞩→研究如何考◎
真题再现
题型 高考典例 设题角度解读
语
法
填
空 1.(2024浙江1月卷)However，though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages，it would help even more if they could sometimes (offer)in smaller packs.
2.(2024全国甲卷改编)If I wanted an ending I___________ (can)not guess，I’d pick up a mystery(悬疑小说).
3.(2023北京卷改编)My mother was sure the same color
(will)look great on her. 1.考查情态动词后跟动词原形或被动形式(be done)
2.考查if引导的虚拟语气句
3.考查由but for，
without，or，otherwise等引出的含蓄条件的虚拟语气
be offered
could
would
题型 高考典例 设题角度解读
语
法
填
空 4.(2023天津卷)We needn’t (bother)
with details，for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us.
5.Even if we achieve great success in our work，we should not (be)too proud.
6.Michael Kelsey Paris said a robot ____________
(be)extremely useful given rising concerns about cattle theft. 1.考查情态动词后跟动词原形或被动形式(be done)
2.考查if引导的虚拟语气句
3.考查由but for，
without，or，otherwise等引出的含蓄条件的虚拟语气
bother
be
could be
1. 句意：然而，虽然一包香肠的能便宜几美分是件好事，但有时如果能以小包装出售，那就更好了。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，主语they(指代香肠)和动词offer为动宾关系，应用被动语态。情态动词could后用动词原形。故填be offered。
2.句意：如果我想要一个我猜不到的结局，我会选择一本悬疑小说。分析句子结构可知，“I (can) not guess”为定语从句，时态应与主句的谓语wanted保持一致。故填could。
3. 句意：我的妈妈确信同样的颜色穿在她身上会好看。分析句子结构可知，空格处作that引导的宾语从句的谓语，时态应与主句的谓语was保持一致。故填would。
4. 句意：我们不必为细节而烦恼，因为我们的队友会尽全力帮助我们。情态动词needn’t后应接动词原形。故填bother。
5.句意：即使我们在工作中取得巨大的成功，我们也不应该过于骄傲。情态动词“should not”后应接动词原形。故填be。
6. 句意：Michael Kelsey Paris说，考虑到关于盗牛的担忧继续上升， 机器人可能是极其有用的。根据下文中的“given rising concerns about cattle theft”及语境可知，此处表示与现在事实相反，应用虚拟语气。故填could be。
解题策略
▼若给出的动词为原形且作谓语，应注意其前是否有情态动词。然后，根据句意或句式结构填入恰当的动词形式。
▼一旦判断所给动词在句中作谓语，就要考虑其时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等，特别是注意虚拟语气中的时态。判断虚拟语气，除了常见的if虚拟条件句，还应注意其他常搭配虚拟语气的标志词， 如suggest， would rather， as if， wish， otherwise， or， but for， without等。
情态动词
▼情态动词的基本用法
1.表示“可以”时常用may或can；表示“不可以”用can’t。
You can/may take whatever you like in this room.
你可以拿走这个屋子里你喜欢的任何东西。
◎核心精讲→归纳如何学◎
2.表示“必须”常用must/have to。must强调说话人的主观意志，而have to强调由于客观因素而不得不做。否定式mustn’t意为“不准；禁止”，don’t have to意为“不必；不需要”。
You must have self-confidence if you want to achieve your goal.
如果你想实现目标，你一定要自信。
3.can表示“能力”，其过去式为could，在一般情况下可以与be able to互换。
I think the baby can/will be able to walk in another two months.
我认为那个婴儿再过两个月就能走路了。
We were lucky that the weather was fine that day and we were able to see the sunrise.
我们很幸运，那天的天气很好，我们看到了日出。
4.表示“应该”时用should或ought to。
Jane took off her yellow blouse，thinking that she should go to an open area if they came back again.
简脱下她的黄衬衫，心想如果他们再回来的话，她应该到一个空旷的地方。
5.will表示“意愿”或表示“习惯性、倾向性”时，其过去式为would。
Fish will die out of water.
鱼离开水会死。
6.shall用于第二、三人称时，表示许诺、决心、命令或警告等。
One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniforms while at school.
我们的其中一项规定是学生在校期间必须穿校服。
7.need/dare既可以用作情态动词，也可以用作实义动词。作实义动词时，need/dare有时态变化，常见搭配为need/dare to do。
You needn’t get the machine repaired this week.I won’t need it until next month.
这周你不必请人修理机器。我到下个月才用。
▼情态动词表推测
1.表肯定：can表示客观上较大的可能性；may/might/could表示可能、也许；must表示一定；should/ought to表示应该。
Hurry up！ They must be waiting for us now.
快点！他们现在一定在等我们。
There are some health problems that， when not treated in time， can become bigger ones later on.
有些健康问题，如果不及时治疗，以后会变得更严重。
2.表否定：can’t/couldn’t表示非常不可能；may not/might not表示可能不，其可能性比can’t/couldn’t小；shouldn’t/oughtn’t to表示应该不会。
This can’t be done by him.
这不可能是他做的。
3.表疑问：can/could表示惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度。
Where can she have put it？
她到底把它放哪儿了呢？
虚拟语气
1.虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用
类别 从句谓语 主句谓语
与现在事实相反 did(be用were) should/would/could/might do
与过去事实相反 had done should/would/could/might have done
与将来事实相反 did(be用were) should/would/could/might do
should do
were to do
2.含蓄条件
(1)有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用but for， without等接词(短语)来表示。
We wouldn’t have finished the project on time without your timely help.
如果没有你的及时帮助，我们就不能按时完成那项工程了。
(2)用连词otherwise， or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。
He was very busy yesterday， otherwise he would have come to the party.
他昨天太忙了，否则的话，他就会来参加聚会了。
3.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用
(1)在“It is+important/necessary/natural/strange/essential/vital/a pity+that…”句型中，谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。
It’s vital that we (should) take our safety driving along the road seriously.
重视道路安全驾驶是至关重要的。
(2)在would rather (that)后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词，如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生的动作，则用过去完成时。
I’d rather he had gone to the seaside with me the day before yesterday.
要是他前天和我去海边就好了。
(3)当insist， urge， order， command， suggest， advise， recommend， request， require， desire， demand(记忆口诀：一“建议”一“敦促”两“命令”三“建议”四“要求”)或其变形引导名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句)时，其谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
(4)wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
类别 从句谓语动词
与现在事实相反 did(be用were)
与过去事实相反 had done
与将来事实相反 would/could do
(5)3个特定句式中的虚拟语气
句型 对过去虚拟 对现在虚拟 对将来虚拟
if only+从句 had done did(be用were) would/could/should/might do
as though/if+从句 had done did(be用
were) would/could/should/might do
It is high
time (that)… did/should do
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.It is high time that you (consider) that if there were no stress in your life， you would achieve a little.
2.He was still running with a smile on his face， as if nothing____________ (happen).
3.The order came that the medical supplies (send) to the earthquake-stricken area soon.
◎冲关训练→专练如何解◎
considered/should consider
had happened
(should) be sent
4.If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers， I (not be) where I am.
5.If the new safety system (put) to use， the accident would never have happened.
6.John wants to see me now， but I have so much work on hand that I would rather he (come) tomorrow than today.
7.Since nobody gave him any help， he must (do) the research on his own.
wouldn’t be
had been put
came
have done
8.The artist was sure he would (choose)， but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister， the old man laughed.
9.I wish I (be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday， but I was on a business trip in New York then.
10.If teens see that their physical condition is causing them to perform badly， they may (motivate) to do other activities to get healthy.
be chosen
had been
be motivated
1. 在“It is high time that…”句式中，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式或“should+动词原形”。故填considered/should consider。
2. 根据主句谓语“was still running”和语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，应用过去完成时。故填had happened。
3. 根据上文中的“The order came that”可知，从句应用虚拟语气，即“(should+)动词原形”。从句主语“the medical supplies”与动词send为动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填(should) be sent。
4.句意：如果我没有面对过那么多的障碍，我就不会是今天的我。根据语境可知，该句为错综虚拟条件句，从句是对过去的虚拟，主句是对现在的虚拟。故填wouldn’t be。
5. 句意：如果新的安全系统被投入使用，这起事故就不会发生了。根据主句的谓语“would never have happened”可知，此处对过去发生的事进行虚拟，因此if从句的谓语应为had done。主语“the new safety system”与动词put为动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填had been put。
6. 根据上文中的“would rather”和语境可知，此处对将来发生的动作进行虚拟，应用一般过去时。故填came。
7. 句意：既然没人给他帮忙，那他肯定是自己做的研究。根据从句的谓语gave和语境可知，此处表示对过去事实的虚拟，应用have done。故填have done。
8. 分析句子并结合语境可知，主语he和动词choose为动宾关系，应用被动语态。情态动词would后用动词原形。故填be chosen。
9. 句意：我真希望上周二我参加了妹妹的婚礼，不过我当时正在纽约出差。根据下文中的“but I was”可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，应用“had+动词的-ed形式”。故填had been。
10. 分析句子结构并结合语境可知，主语they与动词motivate为动宾关系，应用被动语态。情态动词may后用动词原形。故填be motivated。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Nowadays， participating in social practice is a must for senior high students to be admitted to universities. In order to improve senior high students’ overall quality and help them get prepared for future study， great importance should 1. (attach) to social practice. Students are encouraged to get involved in social practice during the holidays by being a volunteer or getting a part-time job， from which students can 2. (gain) a lot more than their textbooks.
be attached
gain
Above all， social practice 3. (provide) a platform used by students to connect to the real world outside the campus. They can learn to deal with the problems in a practical way 4. (use) what they have learned from the books. Associating their study with practice can 5. (assistance) them in getting a better command of their knowledge. Moreover， social practice， from which they can obtain valuable experience and insight， is beneficial for their future career. Students who take an active part in social practice are more likely
6. (stand) out and win the affection of the employers to get a job
provides
using
assist
to stand
offer. On top of that， their participation in social practice may
7. (cultivate) their awareness of responsibility. It helps them to see the world from a different perspective so that they will have a better understanding of what work is and how they should 8. (be) responsible for it.
Taking the above into account， it is necessarily important that senior high students 9. (participate) in social practice， regardless of the fact that they may break the balance between their work and study. In my view， taking part in social practice in their spare time is
cultivate
be
(should) participate
one of the mosteffective ways to improve their abilities and skills， which
10. (benefit) them all through their life.
will benefit
专题一 词法篇
第7讲 情态动词和虚拟语气
◎高瞻远瞩→研究如何考◎
真题再现
题型 高考典例 设题角度解读
语
法
填
空 1.(2024浙江1月卷)However，though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages，it would help even more if they could sometimes (offer)in smaller packs.
2.(2024全国甲卷改编)If I wanted an ending I___________ (can)not guess，I’d pick up a mystery(悬疑小说).
3.(2023北京卷改编)My mother was sure the same color
(will)look great on her. 1.考查情态动词后跟动词原形或被动形式(be done)
2.考查if引导的虚拟语气句
3.考查由but for，
without，or，otherwise等引出的含蓄条件的虚拟语气
be offered
could
would
题型 高考典例 设题角度解读
语
法
填
空 4.(2023天津卷)We needn’t (bother)
with details，for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us.
5.Even if we achieve great success in our work，we should not (be)too proud.
6.Michael Kelsey Paris said a robot ____________
(be)extremely useful given rising concerns about cattle theft. 1.考查情态动词后跟动词原形或被动形式(be done)
2.考查if引导的虚拟语气句
3.考查由but for，
without，or，otherwise等引出的含蓄条件的虚拟语气
bother
be
could be
1. 句意：然而，虽然一包香肠的能便宜几美分是件好事，但有时如果能以小包装出售，那就更好了。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，主语they(指代香肠)和动词offer为动宾关系，应用被动语态。情态动词could后用动词原形。故填be offered。
2.句意：如果我想要一个我猜不到的结局，我会选择一本悬疑小说。分析句子结构可知，“I (can) not guess”为定语从句，时态应与主句的谓语wanted保持一致。故填could。
3. 句意：我的妈妈确信同样的颜色穿在她身上会好看。分析句子结构可知，空格处作that引导的宾语从句的谓语，时态应与主句的谓语was保持一致。故填would。
4. 句意：我们不必为细节而烦恼，因为我们的队友会尽全力帮助我们。情态动词needn’t后应接动词原形。故填bother。
5.句意：即使我们在工作中取得巨大的成功，我们也不应该过于骄傲。情态动词“should not”后应接动词原形。故填be。
6. 句意：Michael Kelsey Paris说，考虑到关于盗牛的担忧继续上升， 机器人可能是极其有用的。根据下文中的“given rising concerns about cattle theft”及语境可知，此处表示与现在事实相反，应用虚拟语气。故填could be。
解题策略
▼若给出的动词为原形且作谓语，应注意其前是否有情态动词。然后，根据句意或句式结构填入恰当的动词形式。
▼一旦判断所给动词在句中作谓语，就要考虑其时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等，特别是注意虚拟语气中的时态。判断虚拟语气，除了常见的if虚拟条件句，还应注意其他常搭配虚拟语气的标志词， 如suggest， would rather， as if， wish， otherwise， or， but for， without等。
情态动词
▼情态动词的基本用法
1.表示“可以”时常用may或can；表示“不可以”用can’t。
You can/may take whatever you like in this room.
你可以拿走这个屋子里你喜欢的任何东西。
◎核心精讲→归纳如何学◎
2.表示“必须”常用must/have to。must强调说话人的主观意志，而have to强调由于客观因素而不得不做。否定式mustn’t意为“不准；禁止”，don’t have to意为“不必；不需要”。
You must have self-confidence if you want to achieve your goal.
如果你想实现目标，你一定要自信。
3.can表示“能力”，其过去式为could，在一般情况下可以与be able to互换。
I think the baby can/will be able to walk in another two months.
我认为那个婴儿再过两个月就能走路了。
We were lucky that the weather was fine that day and we were able to see the sunrise.
我们很幸运，那天的天气很好，我们看到了日出。
4.表示“应该”时用should或ought to。
Jane took off her yellow blouse，thinking that she should go to an open area if they came back again.
简脱下她的黄衬衫，心想如果他们再回来的话，她应该到一个空旷的地方。
5.will表示“意愿”或表示“习惯性、倾向性”时，其过去式为would。
Fish will die out of water.
鱼离开水会死。
6.shall用于第二、三人称时，表示许诺、决心、命令或警告等。
One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniforms while at school.
我们的其中一项规定是学生在校期间必须穿校服。
7.need/dare既可以用作情态动词，也可以用作实义动词。作实义动词时，need/dare有时态变化，常见搭配为need/dare to do。
You needn’t get the machine repaired this week.I won’t need it until next month.
这周你不必请人修理机器。我到下个月才用。
▼情态动词表推测
1.表肯定：can表示客观上较大的可能性；may/might/could表示可能、也许；must表示一定；should/ought to表示应该。
Hurry up！ They must be waiting for us now.
快点！他们现在一定在等我们。
There are some health problems that， when not treated in time， can become bigger ones later on.
有些健康问题，如果不及时治疗，以后会变得更严重。
2.表否定：can’t/couldn’t表示非常不可能；may not/might not表示可能不，其可能性比can’t/couldn’t小；shouldn’t/oughtn’t to表示应该不会。
This can’t be done by him.
这不可能是他做的。
3.表疑问：can/could表示惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度。
Where can she have put it？
她到底把它放哪儿了呢？
虚拟语气
1.虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用
类别 从句谓语 主句谓语
与现在事实相反 did(be用were) should/would/could/might do
与过去事实相反 had done should/would/could/might have done
与将来事实相反 did(be用were) should/would/could/might do
should do
were to do
2.含蓄条件
(1)有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用but for， without等接词(短语)来表示。
We wouldn’t have finished the project on time without your timely help.
如果没有你的及时帮助，我们就不能按时完成那项工程了。
(2)用连词otherwise， or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。
He was very busy yesterday， otherwise he would have come to the party.
他昨天太忙了，否则的话，他就会来参加聚会了。
3.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用
(1)在“It is+important/necessary/natural/strange/essential/vital/a pity+that…”句型中，谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。
It’s vital that we (should) take our safety driving along the road seriously.
重视道路安全驾驶是至关重要的。
(2)在would rather (that)后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词，如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生的动作，则用过去完成时。
I’d rather he had gone to the seaside with me the day before yesterday.
要是他前天和我去海边就好了。
(3)当insist， urge， order， command， suggest， advise， recommend， request， require， desire， demand(记忆口诀：一“建议”一“敦促”两“命令”三“建议”四“要求”)或其变形引导名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句)时，其谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
(4)wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
类别 从句谓语动词
与现在事实相反 did(be用were)
与过去事实相反 had done
与将来事实相反 would/could do
(5)3个特定句式中的虚拟语气
句型 对过去虚拟 对现在虚拟 对将来虚拟
if only+从句 had done did(be用were) would/could/should/might do
as though/if+从句 had done did(be用
were) would/could/should/might do
It is high
time (that)… did/should do
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.It is high time that you (consider) that if there were no stress in your life， you would achieve a little.
2.He was still running with a smile on his face， as if nothing____________ (happen).
3.The order came that the medical supplies (send) to the earthquake-stricken area soon.
◎冲关训练→专练如何解◎
considered/should consider
had happened
(should) be sent
4.If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers， I (not be) where I am.
5.If the new safety system (put) to use， the accident would never have happened.
6.John wants to see me now， but I have so much work on hand that I would rather he (come) tomorrow than today.
7.Since nobody gave him any help， he must (do) the research on his own.
wouldn’t be
had been put
came
have done
8.The artist was sure he would (choose)， but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister， the old man laughed.
9.I wish I (be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday， but I was on a business trip in New York then.
10.If teens see that their physical condition is causing them to perform badly， they may (motivate) to do other activities to get healthy.
be chosen
had been
be motivated
1. 在“It is high time that…”句式中，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式或“should+动词原形”。故填considered/should consider。
2. 根据主句谓语“was still running”和语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，应用过去完成时。故填had happened。
3. 根据上文中的“The order came that”可知，从句应用虚拟语气，即“(should+)动词原形”。从句主语“the medical supplies”与动词send为动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填(should) be sent。
4.句意：如果我没有面对过那么多的障碍，我就不会是今天的我。根据语境可知，该句为错综虚拟条件句，从句是对过去的虚拟，主句是对现在的虚拟。故填wouldn’t be。
5. 句意：如果新的安全系统被投入使用，这起事故就不会发生了。根据主句的谓语“would never have happened”可知，此处对过去发生的事进行虚拟，因此if从句的谓语应为had done。主语“the new safety system”与动词put为动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填had been put。
6. 根据上文中的“would rather”和语境可知，此处对将来发生的动作进行虚拟，应用一般过去时。故填came。
7. 句意：既然没人给他帮忙，那他肯定是自己做的研究。根据从句的谓语gave和语境可知，此处表示对过去事实的虚拟，应用have done。故填have done。
8. 分析句子并结合语境可知，主语he和动词choose为动宾关系，应用被动语态。情态动词would后用动词原形。故填be chosen。
9. 句意：我真希望上周二我参加了妹妹的婚礼，不过我当时正在纽约出差。根据下文中的“but I was”可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，应用“had+动词的-ed形式”。故填had been。
10. 分析句子结构并结合语境可知，主语they与动词motivate为动宾关系，应用被动语态。情态动词may后用动词原形。故填be motivated。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Nowadays， participating in social practice is a must for senior high students to be admitted to universities. In order to improve senior high students’ overall quality and help them get prepared for future study， great importance should 1. (attach) to social practice. Students are encouraged to get involved in social practice during the holidays by being a volunteer or getting a part-time job， from which students can 2. (gain) a lot more than their textbooks.
be attached
gain
Above all， social practice 3. (provide) a platform used by students to connect to the real world outside the campus. They can learn to deal with the problems in a practical way 4. (use) what they have learned from the books. Associating their study with practice can 5. (assistance) them in getting a better command of their knowledge. Moreover， social practice， from which they can obtain valuable experience and insight， is beneficial for their future career. Students who take an active part in social practice are more likely
6. (stand) out and win the affection of the employers to get a job
provides
using
assist
to stand
offer. On top of that， their participation in social practice may
7. (cultivate) their awareness of responsibility. It helps them to see the world from a different perspective so that they will have a better understanding of what work is and how they should 8. (be) responsible for it.
Taking the above into account， it is necessarily important that senior high students 9. (participate) in social practice， regardless of the fact that they may break the balance between their work and study. In my view， taking part in social practice in their spare time is
cultivate
be
(should) participate
one of the mosteffective ways to improve their abilities and skills， which
10. (benefit) them all through their life.
will benefit