牛津上海版英语九年级上册课件：Unit 5 The human brainReading（共61张PPT）
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| 名称 | 牛津上海版英语九年级上册课件：Unit 5 The human brainReading（共61张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 70.6MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津上海版（试用本） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2016-06-19 18:09:27 | ||
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课件61张PPT。Reading2Computers vs humans5The human brainCONTENTS PAGECartoon talkWhat do you know about …?Before you readWhile you readVocabularyComprehensionAfter you readCartoon talk2-112How was your memory-improvement course, Lo?Very good.I think I’ll take it too. How much did it cost?Er … er … Sorry, I’ve forgotten.Where are Hi and Lo?
What is Hi probably doing now?
What problem does Hi probably have?
What course is Lo taking now?
Has Lo got any improvement with his memory?They are in the study.He is reading for his study.He cannot remember things well.A memory-improvement course.No, he hasn’t.2-212What do you know about …?3-1123 Work in pairs. How much do you know about your brain? Say if you think these sentences are T (true) or F (false).A1We remember less information than a computer. _______
A brain weighs about 3 kg. _______
There are five different types of memory. _______
We remember smells better than we can remember words. _______
Once we learn how to ride a bicycle, we will never forget how to do it. _______TFTTTstar
uncle
damage
knowledge
shelter
chance
leader
queen
captain
metre Read the words in the list at normal speed. Then close your books and write down, in order, as many words as you can remember. Record your score.A23-2123 List some things that you sometimes forget and things that you usually or always remember.A33-3123Do you usually remember the words to songs that you enjoy?Do you remember the words to songs that you dislike?Do you remember to turn off lights when you are the last to leave a room?Do you remember your father’s or mother’s birthday?Before you read4-11234 Read the introduction on page 72. Then answer the following questions.B1Joyce wanted to have a feature about memory in the school newspaper. She and her editors all agreed to write short articles on this topic.What is a ‘feature’?
What is the feature about?
Who wrote the articles in the feature?A special article about something.Memory.Joyce and her editors. Look at the picture below. What does it make you think of?B24-21234 Look at the picture below. What does it make you think of?B34-31234 Look at the title, the introduction, the pictures and the first sentence of each article and decide whether the following statements are T (True) or F (False). Circle T or F.B44-41234The five articles about memory were T / F all written by Joyce.
People have two kinds of memory. T / F
Memory plays an important part in T / F our lives.
Making pictures in your mind helps T / F you remember things.
The Guinness Book of Records is T / F about memory.
Memory and feelings are connected T / F with each other.While you read6-11234Joyce wanted to have a feature about memory in the school newspaper. She and her editors all agreed to write short articles on this topic.566-21234I read in a book that we have a short-term memory and a long-term memory. When people get old, their short-term memory becomes weaker, but they can still remember things that happened a long time ago.
My grandad told me a joke about memory. He said, ‘When you get old, three things start to go wrong. First, you start to lose your memory. And I can’t remember what the other two things are!’566-3123456Memory is essential for life. I saw a programme on television about a man who had had an accident and injured his brain. Afterwards, he could not remember anything for longer than a few minutes.
His wife visited him in hospital every day, but he forgot her visits a few minutes after she left. He was often angry with her because he thought that she never visited him. It was very sad.6-4123456One basic way of improving your memory is to use the link method. If you want to memorize something, you should make a picture in your mind. If the picture is silly, strange and colourful, you will remember it better. For example, I am trying to remember the word ‘smiles’. An easy way to do this is to imagine there is a ‘mile’ between the first letter and the last letter. This makes it the longest word in the world!6-5123456In the Guinness Book of Records, we can find some amazing stories about memory. For example, Gou Yanling from Harbin in China has memorized more than 15,000 telephone numbers. And Dave Farrow from America remembered the correct order of 2,704 playing cards, after seeing them just once.6-6123456Memory is connected with our feelings. For example, if someone says ‘This is a spider’, and then puts a large spider on your hand, you will probably remember the word ‘spider’! When something dramatic happens, we usually remember it well, and we also remember where we were and what we were doing. For example, most people in China can remember where they were when the opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing in 2008.1 Food, water and sunlight are _____________ for all green plants.
2 The machine was working well at the beginning, but it started to _____________ half an hour later.
3 Ann I wonder what it’s like to be an astronaut. Don I don’t know, but I _____________ it’s exciting.Vocabulary3-112 Find the words and phrases in the box in the five articles, work out their meanings and use them to complete the sentences and dialogues below.C1lose your memory essential imagine
go wrong link method3essentialgo wrongimagine4 Pierre The Channel Tunnel is the _____________ between France and Britain.
Pansy Yes. And we’ve built several tunnels to connect Puxi and Pudong in Shanghai too.
5 Ron I had an accident this morning. I fell down some stairs and landed on my head.
Joe Oh, I hope you don’t _________________! How did the accident happen?
Ron What accident?
6 Cindy My brother is trying to lose some weight. He’s using the ‘see-food’ __________, but it doesn’t work very well.
Bessy You mean, seafood, like fish and crabs?
Cindy No, see-food. If he sees food, he eats it!lose your memory essential imagine
go wrong link method3-2123linklose your memorymethod Complete the sentences with the words in the box. They must mean the same as the words in brackets.C23-3123injured improve dramatic memoryShakuntala is a lady with an amazing brain. She has a good _____________ for numbers. (ability to remember things)
Last night’s game between England and France had a _____________ ending. France scored a goal in the last minute of the game to win the match. (very exciting)
The teacher said to him, ‘Your marks are not good. If you want to _____________ your grades, you must work much harder!’ (make something better)
One person was killed and two others were _____________ in a car accident near East Road yesterday. (hurt)memorydramaticimproveinjuredComprehension9-11234 Two students, Keith and Penny, are talking about the feature about memory. Complete their dialogue by putting one word in each blank.D156jokeoldneverforgotlink789Penny She means that you must make a (6)___________ in your (7)___________. It must link two things together in an unusual way. So if you are learning a new English word, you could try to think of a funny picture to help you remember that word.
Keith What kind of picture is best?
Penny It’s best if the picture is (8)___________, (9)___________ and (10)___________.
Keith Whose article contains some stories about people who have memorized thousands of things?
Penny Oh, that’s in the article by (11)___________.
Keith What does the example about the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games show us?
Penny It shows that when a (12)___________ thing happens, people remember it well, and they also remember (13)___________ they were and (14)___________ they were doing at that time.9-2123456picturemindsillystrangecolourfulTonydramaticwherewhat789 Use the link method to make pictures in your mind connecting the words below. Then close your books and write down, in order, as many words as you can remember. Compare your score with the one in A on page 72. Have you improved your memory?D29-3123456789 Find the topic sentence in each article of the feature.D39-4123456We have a short-term memory and a long-term memory.Memory is essential for life.One basic way of improving your memory is to use the link method.In the Guinness Book of Records, we can find some amazing stories about memory.Memory is connected with our feelings.789 Read Arthur’s article again and complete the following tables with proper information.D49-51234567899-6123456 Read Joyce’s article again and put the following sentences in the correct order.D5134562787899-7123456 Read Pansy’s article again and complete the following sentences with proper words.D6When we use the link method, we need to link the thing that we want to (1)__________ with a (2)__________.
The three characteristics of the picture that we imagine are (3)__________, (4)__________ and (5)__________.
An easy way to remember the word ‘smiles’ is to imagine there is a ‘(6)__________’ (7)__________ the first and the last letters and this makes it the (8)__________ word in the world.memorizepicturesillystrangecolourfulmilebetweenlongest7899-8123456 Read Tony’s article again and complete the facts about some amazing people who have got super memory.D6Harbin, ChinaAmericaAble to memorize more than 15,000 telephone numbersAble to remember the correct order of 2,704 playing cards, after seeing them just once7899-9123456 Read Millie’s article again and complete the table with proper information.D7Memory is connected with our feelings.frightexcitementremember the word ‘spider’ when a real spider is put on your handremember what you were doing when the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics was held789After you read3-1123 Answer the following questions.E1What did Joyce want to write a feature about?
Who wrote the five articles?
What did the book that Arthur read tell about?
What may happen to our memory when we get old?
What does Arthur’s grandad’s joke tell about?
What happened to the man who had had an accident?
His wife visited him every day, didn’t she?
What happened to him a few minutes after the woman left?
How did the woman feel?Pansy told us a basic way of improving our memory. What is it?
How can we use the link method?
How can we memorize the word ‘smiles’?
What special is Gou Yanling?
What specialty does Dave Farrow from the USA have?
What may happen if someone tells you this is a snake and puts it on your hand?
What can make you memorize things better according to Millie?
Do you still remember where you were and what you were doing on 8 August 2008?3-2123 Work in groups of four to six. Think of more ways of improving our memory. Then write a short report based on your discussion and tell your classmates about it.E23-3123How can we improve our memory?ConsolidationWorkbook 9A, pages 37 and 43.
说 明
本册教材根据上海市中小学（幼儿园）课程改革委员会制订的课程方案和《上海市中小学英语课程标准（征求意见稿）》编写，供九年义务教育九年级第一学期试用。
本教材经上海市中小学教材审查委员会审查准予试用。
《英语（牛津上海版）》（试用本）
主 编：沃振华
原 作 者：P Etherton G McArthur P Leetch
改编人员：沃振华 朱维庭 李绍贤 施安吉 施志红
奚翠华 卢 璐 张 瑶
牛津大学出版社（中国）有限公司英语教材编写委员会
责任编辑：马芳芳 林 妍
插 图：K Y Chan 周允达
课件制作：卢 璐
支持学校：上海市市北初级中学memory/'mem?r?/ n.your ability to remember thingsI have a bad memory for names.
He had a long memory for people who had disappointed him.mind/ma?nd/ n.the part of a person that makes them able to be aware of things, to think and to feelThere were all kinds of thoughts running through my mind.short-term/???:t't?:m/ adj.lasting a short time; designed only for a short period of time in the futureHis short-term memory is failing.long-term/?l??'t?:m/ adj.that will last or have an effect over a long period of timeThe long-term aim of the company is to be the head one in this area.go wrongstop working correctlyMy watch keeps going wrong.essential/?'sen?l/ adj.necessaryExperience is essential for this kind of job.injure/'?n??(r)/ v.hurt; damageFive people were injured in a traffic accident near Sunhill.afterwards/'ɑ:ft?w?dz/ adv.at a later time; after an event that has already been mentioned Afterwards she was sorry for what she’d said.
Let’s go to the theatre first and eat afterwards.(be) angry with(be) having a strong feeling because you are not pleased with something or dislike someoneDo you need to be angry with such a little baby?
I don’t want to be angry with myself but I can’t help doing so.basic/'be?s?k/ adj.most simple; mainThe basic reason for his unhappiness is that he always feels lonely.link/l??k/ n.connection between two or more people or thingsThere is a saying, ‘A chain is as strong as its weakest link.’method/'meθ?d/ n.way of doing somethingThe best method of keeping slim is to exercise regularly.link methoda way of memorizing something by making a picture in mind It will be much easier for you to memorize new words by using the link method.memorize/'mem?ra?z/ v.put into your memoryYou’d better memorize these formulas before the exam.colourful/'k?l?fl/ adj.interesting or exciting; full of variety, sometimes in a way that is slightly shocking Jupiter is one of the book’s most colourful characters.mile/ma?l/ n.a unit for measuring distance equal to 1,609 metres or 1,760 yardsThe nearest bank is about half a mile down the road.playing cardany one of a set of 52 cards with numbers and pictures printed on one side, which are used to play various card gamesWould you please give one more pack of playing cards?spider/'spa?d?(r)/ n.a small creature with eight thin legsMany spiders spin webs to catch insects for food.dramatic/dr?'m?t?k/ adj.exciting; unusualThere was a dramatic moment in our class today when a large bird flew into the room.opening/'??pn??/ n.a ceremony to celebrate the start of a public event or the first time a new building, road, etc. is usedToday is the official opening of the new hospital. ceremony/'ser?m?n?/ n.a public or religious occasion that includes a series of formal or traditional actionsDid you attend their wedding ceremony yesterday?Olympic/?'l?mp?k/ adj.connected with the Olympic GamesThe Olympic team includes 124 athletes and 38 coaches.the Olympic Gamesan international sports festival held every four years in a different countryThe 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing in 2008.wonder/'w?nd?(r)/ v.want to know or make something clearI wonder who she is.
I was just beginning to wonder where you were. goal/ɡ??l/ n.the act of kicking or hitting the ball into the goal; a point that is scored for this The winning goal was scored by Hill.mark/mɑ:k/ n.a number or letter that is given to show the standard of somebody’s work or performance or is given to somebody for answering something correctly I got full marks in the spelling test.
What is Hi probably doing now?
What problem does Hi probably have?
What course is Lo taking now?
Has Lo got any improvement with his memory?They are in the study.He is reading for his study.He cannot remember things well.A memory-improvement course.No, he hasn’t.2-212What do you know about …?3-1123 Work in pairs. How much do you know about your brain? Say if you think these sentences are T (true) or F (false).A1We remember less information than a computer. _______
A brain weighs about 3 kg. _______
There are five different types of memory. _______
We remember smells better than we can remember words. _______
Once we learn how to ride a bicycle, we will never forget how to do it. _______TFTTTstar
uncle
damage
knowledge
shelter
chance
leader
queen
captain
metre Read the words in the list at normal speed. Then close your books and write down, in order, as many words as you can remember. Record your score.A23-2123 List some things that you sometimes forget and things that you usually or always remember.A33-3123Do you usually remember the words to songs that you enjoy?Do you remember the words to songs that you dislike?Do you remember to turn off lights when you are the last to leave a room?Do you remember your father’s or mother’s birthday?Before you read4-11234 Read the introduction on page 72. Then answer the following questions.B1Joyce wanted to have a feature about memory in the school newspaper. She and her editors all agreed to write short articles on this topic.What is a ‘feature’?
What is the feature about?
Who wrote the articles in the feature?A special article about something.Memory.Joyce and her editors. Look at the picture below. What does it make you think of?B24-21234 Look at the picture below. What does it make you think of?B34-31234 Look at the title, the introduction, the pictures and the first sentence of each article and decide whether the following statements are T (True) or F (False). Circle T or F.B44-41234The five articles about memory were T / F all written by Joyce.
People have two kinds of memory. T / F
Memory plays an important part in T / F our lives.
Making pictures in your mind helps T / F you remember things.
The Guinness Book of Records is T / F about memory.
Memory and feelings are connected T / F with each other.While you read6-11234Joyce wanted to have a feature about memory in the school newspaper. She and her editors all agreed to write short articles on this topic.566-21234I read in a book that we have a short-term memory and a long-term memory. When people get old, their short-term memory becomes weaker, but they can still remember things that happened a long time ago.
My grandad told me a joke about memory. He said, ‘When you get old, three things start to go wrong. First, you start to lose your memory. And I can’t remember what the other two things are!’566-3123456Memory is essential for life. I saw a programme on television about a man who had had an accident and injured his brain. Afterwards, he could not remember anything for longer than a few minutes.
His wife visited him in hospital every day, but he forgot her visits a few minutes after she left. He was often angry with her because he thought that she never visited him. It was very sad.6-4123456One basic way of improving your memory is to use the link method. If you want to memorize something, you should make a picture in your mind. If the picture is silly, strange and colourful, you will remember it better. For example, I am trying to remember the word ‘smiles’. An easy way to do this is to imagine there is a ‘mile’ between the first letter and the last letter. This makes it the longest word in the world!6-5123456In the Guinness Book of Records, we can find some amazing stories about memory. For example, Gou Yanling from Harbin in China has memorized more than 15,000 telephone numbers. And Dave Farrow from America remembered the correct order of 2,704 playing cards, after seeing them just once.6-6123456Memory is connected with our feelings. For example, if someone says ‘This is a spider’, and then puts a large spider on your hand, you will probably remember the word ‘spider’! When something dramatic happens, we usually remember it well, and we also remember where we were and what we were doing. For example, most people in China can remember where they were when the opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing in 2008.1 Food, water and sunlight are _____________ for all green plants.
2 The machine was working well at the beginning, but it started to _____________ half an hour later.
3 Ann I wonder what it’s like to be an astronaut. Don I don’t know, but I _____________ it’s exciting.Vocabulary3-112 Find the words and phrases in the box in the five articles, work out their meanings and use them to complete the sentences and dialogues below.C1lose your memory essential imagine
go wrong link method3essentialgo wrongimagine4 Pierre The Channel Tunnel is the _____________ between France and Britain.
Pansy Yes. And we’ve built several tunnels to connect Puxi and Pudong in Shanghai too.
5 Ron I had an accident this morning. I fell down some stairs and landed on my head.
Joe Oh, I hope you don’t _________________! How did the accident happen?
Ron What accident?
6 Cindy My brother is trying to lose some weight. He’s using the ‘see-food’ __________, but it doesn’t work very well.
Bessy You mean, seafood, like fish and crabs?
Cindy No, see-food. If he sees food, he eats it!lose your memory essential imagine
go wrong link method3-2123linklose your memorymethod Complete the sentences with the words in the box. They must mean the same as the words in brackets.C23-3123injured improve dramatic memoryShakuntala is a lady with an amazing brain. She has a good _____________ for numbers. (ability to remember things)
Last night’s game between England and France had a _____________ ending. France scored a goal in the last minute of the game to win the match. (very exciting)
The teacher said to him, ‘Your marks are not good. If you want to _____________ your grades, you must work much harder!’ (make something better)
One person was killed and two others were _____________ in a car accident near East Road yesterday. (hurt)memorydramaticimproveinjuredComprehension9-11234 Two students, Keith and Penny, are talking about the feature about memory. Complete their dialogue by putting one word in each blank.D156jokeoldneverforgotlink789Penny She means that you must make a (6)___________ in your (7)___________. It must link two things together in an unusual way. So if you are learning a new English word, you could try to think of a funny picture to help you remember that word.
Keith What kind of picture is best?
Penny It’s best if the picture is (8)___________, (9)___________ and (10)___________.
Keith Whose article contains some stories about people who have memorized thousands of things?
Penny Oh, that’s in the article by (11)___________.
Keith What does the example about the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games show us?
Penny It shows that when a (12)___________ thing happens, people remember it well, and they also remember (13)___________ they were and (14)___________ they were doing at that time.9-2123456picturemindsillystrangecolourfulTonydramaticwherewhat789 Use the link method to make pictures in your mind connecting the words below. Then close your books and write down, in order, as many words as you can remember. Compare your score with the one in A on page 72. Have you improved your memory?D29-3123456789 Find the topic sentence in each article of the feature.D39-4123456We have a short-term memory and a long-term memory.Memory is essential for life.One basic way of improving your memory is to use the link method.In the Guinness Book of Records, we can find some amazing stories about memory.Memory is connected with our feelings.789 Read Arthur’s article again and complete the following tables with proper information.D49-51234567899-6123456 Read Joyce’s article again and put the following sentences in the correct order.D5134562787899-7123456 Read Pansy’s article again and complete the following sentences with proper words.D6When we use the link method, we need to link the thing that we want to (1)__________ with a (2)__________.
The three characteristics of the picture that we imagine are (3)__________, (4)__________ and (5)__________.
An easy way to remember the word ‘smiles’ is to imagine there is a ‘(6)__________’ (7)__________ the first and the last letters and this makes it the (8)__________ word in the world.memorizepicturesillystrangecolourfulmilebetweenlongest7899-8123456 Read Tony’s article again and complete the facts about some amazing people who have got super memory.D6Harbin, ChinaAmericaAble to memorize more than 15,000 telephone numbersAble to remember the correct order of 2,704 playing cards, after seeing them just once7899-9123456 Read Millie’s article again and complete the table with proper information.D7Memory is connected with our feelings.frightexcitementremember the word ‘spider’ when a real spider is put on your handremember what you were doing when the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics was held789After you read3-1123 Answer the following questions.E1What did Joyce want to write a feature about?
Who wrote the five articles?
What did the book that Arthur read tell about?
What may happen to our memory when we get old?
What does Arthur’s grandad’s joke tell about?
What happened to the man who had had an accident?
His wife visited him every day, didn’t she?
What happened to him a few minutes after the woman left?
How did the woman feel?Pansy told us a basic way of improving our memory. What is it?
How can we use the link method?
How can we memorize the word ‘smiles’?
What special is Gou Yanling?
What specialty does Dave Farrow from the USA have?
What may happen if someone tells you this is a snake and puts it on your hand?
What can make you memorize things better according to Millie?
Do you still remember where you were and what you were doing on 8 August 2008?3-2123 Work in groups of four to six. Think of more ways of improving our memory. Then write a short report based on your discussion and tell your classmates about it.E23-3123How can we improve our memory?ConsolidationWorkbook 9A, pages 37 and 43.
说 明
本册教材根据上海市中小学（幼儿园）课程改革委员会制订的课程方案和《上海市中小学英语课程标准（征求意见稿）》编写，供九年义务教育九年级第一学期试用。
本教材经上海市中小学教材审查委员会审查准予试用。
《英语（牛津上海版）》（试用本）
主 编：沃振华
原 作 者：P Etherton G McArthur P Leetch
改编人员：沃振华 朱维庭 李绍贤 施安吉 施志红
奚翠华 卢 璐 张 瑶
牛津大学出版社（中国）有限公司英语教材编写委员会
责任编辑：马芳芳 林 妍
插 图：K Y Chan 周允达
课件制作：卢 璐
支持学校：上海市市北初级中学memory/'mem?r?/ n.your ability to remember thingsI have a bad memory for names.
He had a long memory for people who had disappointed him.mind/ma?nd/ n.the part of a person that makes them able to be aware of things, to think and to feelThere were all kinds of thoughts running through my mind.short-term/???:t't?:m/ adj.lasting a short time; designed only for a short period of time in the futureHis short-term memory is failing.long-term/?l??'t?:m/ adj.that will last or have an effect over a long period of timeThe long-term aim of the company is to be the head one in this area.go wrongstop working correctlyMy watch keeps going wrong.essential/?'sen?l/ adj.necessaryExperience is essential for this kind of job.injure/'?n??(r)/ v.hurt; damageFive people were injured in a traffic accident near Sunhill.afterwards/'ɑ:ft?w?dz/ adv.at a later time; after an event that has already been mentioned Afterwards she was sorry for what she’d said.
Let’s go to the theatre first and eat afterwards.(be) angry with(be) having a strong feeling because you are not pleased with something or dislike someoneDo you need to be angry with such a little baby?
I don’t want to be angry with myself but I can’t help doing so.basic/'be?s?k/ adj.most simple; mainThe basic reason for his unhappiness is that he always feels lonely.link/l??k/ n.connection between two or more people or thingsThere is a saying, ‘A chain is as strong as its weakest link.’method/'meθ?d/ n.way of doing somethingThe best method of keeping slim is to exercise regularly.link methoda way of memorizing something by making a picture in mind It will be much easier for you to memorize new words by using the link method.memorize/'mem?ra?z/ v.put into your memoryYou’d better memorize these formulas before the exam.colourful/'k?l?fl/ adj.interesting or exciting; full of variety, sometimes in a way that is slightly shocking Jupiter is one of the book’s most colourful characters.mile/ma?l/ n.a unit for measuring distance equal to 1,609 metres or 1,760 yardsThe nearest bank is about half a mile down the road.playing cardany one of a set of 52 cards with numbers and pictures printed on one side, which are used to play various card gamesWould you please give one more pack of playing cards?spider/'spa?d?(r)/ n.a small creature with eight thin legsMany spiders spin webs to catch insects for food.dramatic/dr?'m?t?k/ adj.exciting; unusualThere was a dramatic moment in our class today when a large bird flew into the room.opening/'??pn??/ n.a ceremony to celebrate the start of a public event or the first time a new building, road, etc. is usedToday is the official opening of the new hospital. ceremony/'ser?m?n?/ n.a public or religious occasion that includes a series of formal or traditional actionsDid you attend their wedding ceremony yesterday?Olympic/?'l?mp?k/ adj.connected with the Olympic GamesThe Olympic team includes 124 athletes and 38 coaches.the Olympic Gamesan international sports festival held every four years in a different countryThe 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing in 2008.wonder/'w?nd?(r)/ v.want to know or make something clearI wonder who she is.
I was just beginning to wonder where you were. goal/ɡ??l/ n.the act of kicking or hitting the ball into the goal; a point that is scored for this The winning goal was scored by Hill.mark/mɑ:k/ n.a number or letter that is given to show the standard of somebody’s work or performance or is given to somebody for answering something correctly I got full marks in the spelling test.