UNIT 2 Making a difference
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2025·秦皇岛部分高中二模）When 19-year-old Emily Bhatnagar from Maryland， USA， found her father had stage four thyroid （甲状腺） cancer， her response was different from what you might expect.To honour her father， who she also described as her best friend， she decided to start a book drive called For Love and Buttercup， collecting books for kids with cancer.
“It was very much an overnight idea，” she explained.“I posted a message on an app called Nextdoor asking my neighbors to donate used books.I was only expecting a few here and there， but the response was truly incredible and it was just the push I needed to coexist with my grief （悲伤） rather than letting it consume me.”
“It was absolutely heartbreaking to watch my dad go through cancer and see him lose a little bit of himself each day， but the book drive allowed me to develop a new-found sense of purpose intertwined （交织） with a greater sense of compassion to help others in any form.I wanted to help kids.They’ve always held a soft spot in my heart.”
Using tips she earned from working at her parents’ bread shop， Emily bought many books out of her own pocket.In addition， she received donations through her Amazon wishlist， which can be found in the bio （简介） of the book drive’s Instagram account， @forloveandbuttercup.
Emily and her older brother spent a whole summer driving around town， loading boxes of books into their car.“It was such a privilege to know people had carried these books all their lives through generations， and they wanted to gift it to my cause.”
For Love and Buttercup has donated over 15，000 books to sick children and it is being recognised by The Washington Post， Forbes， The President’s Volunteer Service Award and Lady Gaga’s Born This Way Foundation.
1.What did Emily do knowing her father’s disease？（ ）
A.She turned to books for help. B.She tried to help her father recover.
C.She decided to meet her father’s desire. D.She asked for used book donations online.
2.How did Emily feel about her neighbors’ reaction？（ ）
A.Inspired. B.Ashamed. C.Disappointed. D.Puzzled.
3.What do we know about Emily from Paragraph 4？（ ）
A.She grew up in a rich family. B.She helped in her parents’ shop.
C.Nobody cared about her wishlist. D.Her parents were not supportive.
4.What can we say about the book drive？（ ）
A.Unfavorable. B.Money-consuming.
C.Successful. D.Demanding.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2025·日照三模）Can you tell when your friends are happy or going through a difficult time？ Whether you have one or two besties or are part of a group， building and keeping friendships is a skill we all learn.5.（ ） Research shows it might even help you fight off colds.
Friendship is a special connection you have with another person， and it comes in all shapes and sizes.You could chat for ages or giggle at things other people don’t find funny.You don’t expect the other person to be fun all the time.6.（ ） Friends don’t always enjoy the same sports or hobbies but they encourage each other anyway.Experts say good friendship is a strong， stable connection.It makes you feel positive and it’s not one-sided.7.（ ）
Good friends are good for your health because they make you feel happy， confident and less stressed.Sharing your feelings and ideas with someone else isn’t just fun.8.（ ） Author Lydia Denworth says friendship is good for you because it boosts your immune system and helps your body stay healthy.Having good， strong friendships is as important as diet and exercise.
9.（ ） Making time for your mates sounds obvious but it’s not always easy to see them when you are busy.Try sending a message or arranging a walk or bike ride to have time to chat.Talking about your feelings lets your friends know you trust them and gives them a chance to do the same.If you think a friend is feeling down， find a quiet moment to ask if everything is OK and listen closely to their answers.
A.Making new friends takes much time and effort. B.You both give each other support when you need it.
C.And you may know when the other has had a bad day.
D.It builds trust and helps you understand each other better.
E.Being a friend is one of the most important skills we can learn.
F.That’s good news because hanging out with your friends is fun.
G.As well as lifting up others， friendship can boost your wellbeing too.
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2025·临沂一模）Whatever the patient’s age or disease， a hospital stay can be stressful， especially for kids.Efforts like Ella’s are a（n） 10 spot during a tough time.
It began in 2018， when Ella celebrated her birthday in a 11 way — a gift drive.Since then， it has 12 each year in early October， a few weeks before her birthday.Along with a（n） 13 to her party， Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.For the youngest 14 ， gifts might include building blocks or stuffed toys.Then it’s time to share the gifts.“Seeing other people’s 15 — that’s all that matters to me，” Ella says.
After the first round， the number of donations 16 every year.But she doesn’t keep an exact count. 17 ， she judges by sight.“We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living room，” Ella says.“Last year， it 18 the entire carpet.”
Allison， working at Brigham Children’s Hospital， has seen first-hand the 19 of Ella’s gift-giving.“She puts a smile on the faces of these little patients in our hospital，” Allison says.“They are all amazed at her 20 at such a young age.”
Ella’s 21 to help kids in the hospital have inspired others to 22 in her footsteps.Friends have collected and 23 gifts for their birthdays too.
“ 24 to others is a good feeling to have at the end of the day，” Ella says.“I want to keep doing this as long as I can.”
10.（ ）A.independent B.extra C.free D.bright
11.（ ）A.new B.private C.fancy D.natural
12.（ ）A.worked out B.kicked off C.given out D.thought up
13.（ ）A.letter B.recreation C.invitation D.cake
14.（ ）A.workers B.patients C.parents D.nurses
15.（ ）A.happiness B.recognition C.behavior D.admiration
16.（ ）A.changes B.grows C.declines D.maintains
17.（ ）A.Thus B.Somehow C.Sometimes D.Instead
18.（ ）A.reached B.included C.decorated D.covered
19.（ ）A.excitement B.effect C.inspiration D.feature
20.（ ）A.generosity B.exploration C.ambition D.progress
21.（ ）A.promises B.aims C.efforts D.proposals
22.（ ）A.follow B.engage C.track D.mix
23.（ ）A.received B.counted C.gathered D.donated
24.（ ）A.Responding B.Relating C.Giving D.Comparing
UNIT 2 Making a difference
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自美国马里兰州的19岁的 Emily Bhatnagar 发现她的父亲已经甲状腺癌四期时，决定发起图书捐赠活动，为癌症儿童募集书籍。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，发现父亲已经甲状腺癌四期时，Emily在网上发起了旧书捐赠活动。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的but the response was truly incredible and it was just the push I needed to coexist with my grief （悲伤） rather than letting it consume me可知，邻居们对 Emily发起的旧书捐赠活动的反应让她受到了鼓舞。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的Using tips she earned from working at her parents’ bread shop可知，Emily在她父母的面包店帮忙。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断，Emily 的图书捐赠活动获得了巨大的成功。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了友谊的重要性、好处，以及交朋友的方法。
5.G 空前一句表明建立和保持友谊是重要技能，空后一句说明友谊能帮助我们抵御疾病。G项（友谊不仅能鼓舞他人，也能提升你的健康）说明友谊的好处，引出下文。
6.C 空前一句表明朋友不会一直有趣，C项（你要知道对方哪天过得不好）表示也会有朋友没有趣的时候，为前一句的补充。
7.B 根据空前一句可知，友谊让你感到乐观，它不是单方面的，是相互的，B项（当你们需要的时候，你们都给予对方支持）表示友谊是双方的。
8.D 空前一句表明与朋友分享感受和想法不仅有趣，D项（它建立信任，帮助你们更好地了解对方）符合语境，与空前一句为递进关系。
9.E 根据下文可知，本段在讲交朋友的一些做法和技能。E项（交朋友是我们可以学习的最重要的技能之一）总领下文，符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。艾拉捐赠礼物给生病的孩子来庆祝自己的生日的做法鼓舞了其他人的效仿，艾拉认为给予是快乐的。
10.D 根据上文可知，病人在医院的时光是艰难的，艾拉给生病的孩子送礼物是这段艰难时光中明亮的时刻。independent独立的；extra额外的；free自由的；bright欢快的，明亮的。
11.A 根据a gift drive可知，艾拉用一种新的不同于通常的方式庆祝自己的生日。new新的；private私人的；fancy奇特的；natural自然的。
12.B 根据下文Along with a（n） 13 to her party， Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.可知，艾拉和朋友在她的生日前几周就开始送礼物给住院的孩子们。work out计算出；kick off开始；give out分发；think up想出。
13.C 根据to her party可知，艾拉过生日，给朋友们发邀请函邀请他们参加她的生日派对。letter信；recreation娱乐；invitation邀请；cake蛋糕。
14.B 根据上文Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.可知，此处指最小的病人会得到积木和填充玩具。worker工人；patient病人；parent父亲，母亲；nurse护士。
15.A 根据上文Then it’s time to share the gifts.可知，此处指病人收到礼物时的幸福时刻。happiness幸福；recognition认可；behavior行为；admiration钦佩。
16.B 根据下文But she doesn’t keep an exact count.可知，捐赠数量每年在增加。change改变；grow增加；decline下降；maintain保持。
17.D 根据she judges by sight可知，对于捐赠的礼物数量，她没有确切的数字，而是目测。thus因此；somehow莫名其妙地；sometimes有时候；instead反而。
18.D 根据上文We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living room可知，艾拉通过目测覆盖地毯多少判断礼物数量，去年覆盖了整个地毯。reach到达；include包括；decorate装饰；cover覆盖。
19.B 根据下文“She puts a smile on the faces of these little patients in our hospital，” Allison says.“They are all amazed at her 20 at such a young age.”可知，此处说的是艾莉森目睹了艾拉送礼物的影响——给病人带来了快乐。excitement兴奋；effect影响；inspiration鼓舞；feature特色。
20.A 艾拉送礼物给病人，是慷慨大方的。generosity慷慨；exploration探索；ambition抱负；progress进步。
21.C 根据inspired others to 22 in her footsteps和上文内容可知，艾拉作出的努力激励人们追随她的脚步。promise诺言；aim目标；effort努力；proposal提议。
22.A follow in one’s steps效仿；跟随某人的脚步。follow跟随；engage参加；track追踪；mix混合。
23.D 朋友们效仿艾拉自然也在他们的生日时收集和捐赠礼物。receive收到；count计算；gather聚集；donate捐赠。
24.C 艾拉捐赠礼物给病人，是一种给予。respond回应；relate与……有关；give给予；compare比较。
3 / 3Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
When my uncle was young， his ideal was not to make money to do something for the society.He believed that his efforts would make difference to the society.He was active and often played a major part in some chief activities.He was generous and often aided some people with （disabled） .And he also often donated some money those with diseases.In a word， he never hesitated （help） those who needed some help. 微技能热身 1.①处应填 。 2.②处应填 。 3.③处作介词with的宾语，应填 。 4.④处应填介词 。 5.⑤处应填 。
generous adj.慷慨的，大方的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Although he was poor， he was quite generous his needy friends.
②It is agreed that his （generous） is worth admiring.
【写美】 一句多译
③他们与失业的邻居分享他们的餐食真是慷慨大方。
→It their meal with their out-of-work neighbours.
→They their meal with their out-of-work neighbours.
【归纳】
（1）be generous with sth 不吝惜某物
be generous to ... 对……慷慨/宽宏大量
be generous in doing sth 在做某事方面慷慨/宽宏大量
It is generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事真是慷慨大方
（2）generously adv. 慷慨地，大方地
generosity n. 慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
【佳句】 David is generous with his time and money， for which he has many friends.
戴维不吝惜他的时间和金钱，因此，他有很多朋友。
hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（译林选必一）People with the impression that poetry is difficult to understand often hesitate reading poetry.
② hesitation she went to Simon and gave him a big hug. （动作描写）
【写美】 微写作
③无论你何时有麻烦，我都会毫不犹豫地帮助你。
Whenever you are in trouble， .（hesitation）
【归纳】
（1）hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事，犹豫做某事
hesitate about/over ... 对……犹豫不决
（2）hesitation n. 犹豫，迟疑
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
【佳句】 If you are enthusiastic about English and have a sharp mind， don’t hesitate to join the debate team. （通知）
如果你对英语有热情，有一个敏锐的头脑，别犹豫来加入辩论队。
Jim is an excellent doctor， who once met a boy with disability.The boy was eager to rise his feet.However， he couldn’t.Jim offered to give him （treat） .To the boy’s relief， with the assistance of Jim， the boy made his dream of standing up a （real） at last！ The boy’s parents expressed their thanks to him， tears in their eyes. 微技能热身 1.①处应填 ，构成固定短语。 2.②处作宾语，应填 。 3.③处被不定冠词a修饰，应填 。
relief n.减轻，缓解；调剂；救济
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Having finished all the housework， Mary dropped herself into the sofa， sighing relief.
②It is your considerate comfort and generous help that relieved us the tense depression. （感谢信）
③Take the medicine as instructed， and you will be relieved your pain.
【写美】 微写作
④我感到宽慰，安稳地坐在椅子上，睡着了。
， I sat back in a chair and fell asleep.
【归纳】
（1）with relief 欣慰地，释然地
to one’s relief＝to the relief of sb 令某人欣慰的是
It is a relief to do sth 做某事很放心/舒心
what a relief 总算松了一口气
breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气
（2）relieve vt. 减轻，缓解；解除
relieve sb of ... 帮助某人减轻（负担）；解除某人的职务
（3）relieved adj. 宽慰的；宽心的
【佳句】 （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Seeing his confident smiles， I sighed with relief.
看到他自信的微笑，我松了一口气。
rise to one’s feet 站起身来
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Now that you’re growing up， you must learn to stand your own two feet.
②The astronaut’s dream to be the first man to set foot the Mars will become a reality.
【写美】 微写作
③听到一个奇怪的声音，这个小男孩快速地站起来跑开了。 （动作描写）
Hearing a strange sound， the little boy .
【归纳】
jump/leap/spring to one’s feet 跳起来
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
stand on one’s own （two） feet 自立，经济上独立
set foot on/in 踏上，进入
【佳句】 The child fell down， but he struggled to his feet instead of waiting for his mother to help him. （动作描写）
那个孩子摔倒了，但他挣扎着站了起来，而不是等他妈妈来帮他。
句型公式：独立主格结构
【教材原句】 These are among the 669 children， most of them Jewish， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis.
这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。
【练通】 微写作/句式升级
①我紧张地看着爸爸，双腿颤抖着，心狂跳着。 （心理描写）
I looked at my father nervously， .
②（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）With the writing contest over， I almost forgot it， not caring about whether I would win or not.
→ ， I almost forgot it， not caring about whether I would win or not.（用独立主格结构改写）
【归纳】
独立主格结构的逻辑主语（名词或代词主格）与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在，在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。
常用形式有：
（1）逻辑主语＋非谓语动词；
（2）逻辑主语＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语。
【佳句】 Having failed in the end-of-term examination， the little girl dragged her feet into the sitting room， her face red with extreme shame.期末考试不及格，小女孩慢腾腾地走进客厅，羞愧得满脸通红。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.chief
A.adj.最高级别的 B.adj.最重要的
C.n.首领
（1）（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）That is partly because people are driving more， but Mark Rosekind， the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration， said distracted （分心） driving was “only increasing， unfortunately.”
（2）“It’s no secret that China has always been a source （来源） of inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill， chief creative officer at A＋E Networks， a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion （时尚） shows.
（3）Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.
2.词义猜测
（1）She has a fund of knowledge about modern jazz and therefore you can turn to her for help.
（2）No one can deny the fact that tourism is the fountain of wealth for the city.
（3）This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel writers.
（4）（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected， bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.（2024·北京卷）And the more tools we have， the more （effect） and insightful we can become.
2.（2024·北京卷）While he held the notion that objective （real） exists， he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions.
3.A （short） of time caused my failure， which made me quite annoyed.
4.The millionaire decided to set a foundation to help those in trouble out.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.You can’t imagine it was the little boy who （想出这个好主意） to ensure your safety！
2.The old man （给学校捐了很多钱）， enabling the students to return to their classrooms.
3.The scientist broke through in his research and he clapped his hands， （突然笑起来）.
4.Much to my relief， students supporting me are （占大多数）， enabling me to be elected as the chairman of the Student Council.
5.They talked as if they had accomplished a lot， but （事实上） they did very little.
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
求助信——节约用水
假定你是李华，你校下周日要举办主题为“节约用水”的创意展览比赛，你对自己设计的作品不是很满意，想请你的好友Jim帮你出主意。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.活动的意义；
2.自己的作品；
3.表达期待。
第一步 练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.最近一切都好吗？
2.为了让学生意识到全球水资源短缺的问题，并增强节约用水意识，我们学校计划下周日举办一场比赛。 （shortage）
3.考虑到浪费水，我设计了一个在卫生间蓄水的装置来循环使用水。（recycle）
4.我希望这个装置实用且有效， 但是现在离达到这个目标还差得远。（effective， obtain）
5.目前，主要问题是这个装置使用起来不方便。（major）
6.那就是我需要你的慷慨帮助的原因，希望你能给我一些建议。（generous， assistance）
第二步 组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear Jim，
Yours，
Li Hua
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 情感描写：relief， break into a smile， sensitive
动作描写：rise to one’s feet， extend， assistance， aid， obtain
人物描写：generous， hesitate， insight， perseverance
美句 ①He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.They sang and danced happily. （情感描写） ②Their heartbroken parents do not join them.Indeed， they fear they may never see their children again. （情感描写）
动作描写之“眼部”动作（一）
词汇 美句
单词 动词：fix， meet， stare， lower/drop， raise/lift， shine/sparkle/glisten， gaze ①She turned her eyes to me when I tapped her shoulder. 当我轻拍她的肩膀时，她把目光转向我。 ②She laughed， her eyes shining/sparkling/glistening with excitement. 她笑了，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 ③She looked her father straight in the eye and answered his question truthfully. 她直视父亲的眼睛，诚实地回答了他的问题。
短语 ①meet one’s eyes 和某人对视 ②stare into one’s eyes 凝视 ③fix/focus one’s eyes on 盯着 ④lower/drop one’s eyes 垂下眼睛 ⑤raise/lift one’s eyes 抬起眼睛 ⑥one’s eyes shine/sparkle/glisten with excitement 眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒 ⑦one’s eyes fall/settle on 目光落在…… ⑧one’s eyes dance with excitement 眼中洋溢着欢乐
情境导语 约翰独自一人坐在窗边，看着书，看完后向窗外望去，高兴地唱着歌。
第一步 完成句子
1.约翰坐在窗边，他的眼睛盯着一本书。
John sat beside the window， .（with复合结构）
2.他看完书后，抬起眼睛向窗外望去。
When he finished the book， .
3.他高兴地唱着歌，用天真而又好奇的眼睛注视着周围的环境。
Singing happily， .
4.约翰注意到有人在靠近，他停止了唱歌并垂下了眼睛。
Noticing someone approaching， John stopped singing and .
5.当认出来者是谁时，约翰张开嘴，眼睛睁得大大的。
When recognizing who the visitor was， John opened his mouth .（with复合结构）
第二步 连句成文
（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The elderly residents （居民） in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity （慈善组织） to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing.It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia， a serious illness of the mind.Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.She said： “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.”
“I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus.People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.I’m enjoying the creative activities， and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East， and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson， extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street， one of the first to embark on the project， said： “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis， director of Notting Hill Pathways， said： “We are happy to be taking part in the project.It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
28.What is the purpose of the project？（ ）
A.To ensure harmony in care homes.
B.To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C.To raise money for medical research.
D.To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
29.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier？（ ）
A.She has learned new life skills.
B.She has gained a sense of achievement.
C.She has recovered her memory.
D.She has developed a strong personality.
30.What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7？（ ）
A.Improve. B.Oppose.
C.Begin. D.Evaluate.
31.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs？（ ）
A.It is well received.
B.It needs to be more creative.
C.It is highly profitable.
D.It takes ages to see the results.
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1.charity n. 慈善机构（或组织）
2.wellbeing n. 健康；安乐；康乐
3.dementia n. 痴呆
4.session n. 一段时间；一场；会议
（二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇
1.loneliness n.孤独（lonely把y变i＋-ness）
2.ensure vt.确保（en-＋sure）
3.personality n.个性（personal＋-ity）
4.profitable adj.有利润的，有益的（profit＋-able）
（三）由文本积主题词块
1.reduction in the use of medicine 减少用药
2.give financial support 给予财政支持
3.bring benefits to people 给人们带来益处
（四）由文本知变式运用
1.近义替换（用文章中的词汇替换）
（1）take care of＝ （第一段）
（2）concentration＝ （第五段）
（3）beneficial＝ （第五段）
2.熟词生义（文章中生义）
（1）dream up （第二段第一句）
（2）roll out （第六段）
（五）由文本学靓丽表达
1. （参加这次项目的那些人中有一个是） 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.（完全倒装）
2.I am （去那里） in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and （再去那里） at night to see they’ve gone to bed.（and连接的并列句）
3.I’m enjoying the creative activities， and （做一些有用的事感觉很棒）.（it作形式主语）
（六）由文本学长难句分析
I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.
分析：本句为复合句。when I was younger为when引导的 从句；before I went to school为before引导的 从句。
翻译：
UNIT 2 Making a difference
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身] 1.but 2.a 3.disabilities 4.to 5.to help
1.①to ②generosity
③was generous of them to share； were generous in sharing
2.①about ②Without
③I will do you a favour without hesitation
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身] 1.to 2.treatment 3.reality
3.①with ②of ③of ④Relieved
4.①on ②on/in ③quickly rose to his feet and ran away
5.①my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly
②The writing contest over
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.（1）C （2）A （3）B
2.（1）n.（相当）数量，储备 （2）n.丰富来源，源泉
（3）n.稿件，作品 （4）vt.提供，给予
维度二
Ⅰ.1.effective 2.reality 3.shortage 4.up
Ⅱ.1.came up with the good idea
2.donated a lot of money to the school
3.breaking into a smile
4.in the majority
5.in reality
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.How is everything these days？
2.To make students realize the problem of global water shortage and raise awareness of saving water， our school is scheduled to hold a competition next Sunday.
3.Considering the waste of water， I have designed a device to store water in the toilet so that water can be recycled.
4.I hope this device is practical and effective， but there’s still a long way to go to obtain the goal.
5.At present， the major problem is that the device is not convenient to use.
6.That’s why I need your generous assistance， hoping you can give me some advice.
第二步
Dear Jim，
How is everything these days？To make students realize the problem of global water shortage and raise awareness of saving water， our school is scheduled to hold a competition next Sunday.Considering the waste of water， I have designed a device to store water in the toilet so that water can be recycled.I hope this device is practical and effective， but there’s still a long way to go to obtain the goal.At present， the major problem is that the device is not convenient to use.That’s why I need your generous assistance， hoping you can give me some advice.
Yours，
Li Hua
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.with his eyes fixed on a book
2.he lifted/raised his eyes and looked out of the window
3.he gazed at the surroundings with innocent and curious eyes
4.lowered/dropped his eyes
5.with his eyes widening
第二步
John sat beside the window， with his eyes fixed on a book.When he finished the book， he lifted/raised his eyes and looked out of the window.Singing happily， he gazed at the surroundings with innocent and curious eyes.Then， noticing someone approaching， John stopped singing and lowered/dropped his eyes.When recognizing who the visitor was， John opened his mouth with his eyes widening.
【素养·培育落实】
一、做真题
28.D 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，该项目由当地一家慈善机构构想，旨在减少老人的孤独感，改善其健康状况。
29.B 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，Ruth Xavier很享受这些有创意的活动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好。由此可知，Ruth Xavier从这个项目中获得了成就感。
30.C 词义猜测题。根据第七段中Wendy Wilson说的话并结合画线部分可推知，画线部分所在句的意思是“第一批开始这个项目的组织之一”，因此画线部分的意思为“开始”。
31.A 推理判断题。最后两段讲述了一些组织参与到这个项目的感受。根据Wendy Wilson和Lynn Lewis两位负责人说的话可知，这个项目得到了好评。
三、再利用
（四）1.（1）look after （2）focus （3）useful
2.（1）想出 （2）正式推出；开展
（五）1.Among those taking part in the project is
2.down there； down there again
3.it feels great to have done something useful
（六）时间状语 时间状语
我小时候养过母鸡，每天早上上学前都要给它们准备早餐。(共123张PPT)
UNIT 2 Making a difference
高中总复习·英语 (外研版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
素养
培育落实
05
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. cancer research 癌症研究
2. with the aid of her 在她的帮助下
3. recycle the water we use every day 回收我们每天使用的水
4. Chief Operating Officer 首席运营官
5. be very sensitive to his serious disease 对他的重病很敏感
6. ①raise funds for wildlife protection
为野生动植物保护筹集资金
②a dance festival funded by the Arts Council
一个由艺术委员会资助的舞蹈节
7. ①be lacking in insight 缺乏洞察力
②insights into human relationships对人际关系的见解
语境记忆
8. further adj.更多的，附加的，进一步的
At the same time， I also hope to get your further guidance.
同时，我也希望得到您的进一步指导。 （感谢信）
9. mission n.职责；使命
Furthermore， with a social sense of mission and responsibility， I will
go where the motherland needs me and do whatever I can to contribute to
realizing the Chinese Dream.
此外，我将带着社会使命感和责任感，奔赴祖国需要我的地方，尽我
所能为实现中国梦做出贡献。 （演讲稿）
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. internal adj.内部的
2. fountain n.喷水池
3. foundation n.基金会
4. territory n.地区，地方
5. royal adj.王室的，皇家的
6. institution n.机构，团体
7. certificate n.证明书，证书
8. ministry n.（政府的）部
教材例句
9. （人教必修二） They use the same flag， known as the Union Jack，
as well as share the same currency and military defence. adj.军事的
派生词汇识记
1. contribution n.贡献→contribute v.贡献；捐助；投稿
2. relief n.减轻，缓解→relieve v.减轻，缓解
3. shortage n.短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj.短的；缺少的→shorten v.
变短
4. effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n.效果→affect vt.影
响；（疾病）侵袭
5. earn v.挣（钱）→earnings n.收入
6. donate v.捐赠，捐献→donation n.捐献→donor n.捐赠者；捐赠人
7. reality n.真实，现实；逼真→real adj.真实的；实际的→really adv.
真实地；实际地→realise vt.领悟；了解；实现；实行→realistic adj.写
实主义的；现实主义的；现实的
8. disability n.残疾，残障→disabled adj.有残疾的→able adj.有能力的
→ability n.能力→enable vt.使能够；使可能
9. generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→generosity n.慷慨，大方
10. hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n.迟疑，犹豫
11. registration n.登记，注册→register v.登记，注册
12. achievement n.成绩，成就→achieve v.实现
13. major adj.重要的，主要的 vi.主修 n.主修课程→majority n.
大多数
14. treatment n.治疗；疗法→treat v.治疗；对待
1.“-age”结尾的名
词小聚 ①shortage 短缺，不
足，缺乏 ②marriage 婚姻 ③usage 用法；使用 2.“主要的；重要
的”形容词荟萃 ①major 主要的；重要
的 ②main 主要的 ③primary 主要的；首
要的 3.“under＋n.”短
语荟萃
①under control 处于
控制之下
②under consideration
在考虑中
③under construction
在建造中
第一组
1. make a difference 有影响，起（重要）作用
2. under control 被控制住，处于控制之下
3. turn out 出席，在场；结果是
4. break into a smile 突然笑起来
5. set up 建立，开办，设立
6. benefit from 受益于
7. come up with 提出，想出
第二组
8. escape from 从……中逃跑，逃离
9. for the most part 多半，通常
10. take in 收留，留宿；吸收，理解，欺骗
11. rise to one’s feet 站起身来
12. pass away 去世
13. bring ...to public attention 使……引起公众关注
14. a sense of humour 幽默感
15. take notes 做笔记
16. keep records of 保持纪录
1. 句式：so ...that ...引导结果状语从句
原句：And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick？
为什么他们会因为喝了不卫生的水而生病？
2. 句式：独立主格结构
原句：These are among the 669 children， most of them Jewish， that
Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis.
这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救
的669名儿童中的一部分。
3. 句式：“upon/on＋名词/动词-ing形式 ...”表示“一……就……”
原句：On leaving school， Winton worked in banks in Germany and
France.
从学校毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。
Li Hua lived in a city which had suffered from water shortage for a
long time.The government wanted to find some effective measures to
solve the problem.Therefore， some saving water foundations were
established， and some well digging programmes were launched.To make
contributions to the relief of the water shortage， many citizens were
generous to donate money to the related institutions.Li Hua， one of the
donors，donated the money he earned from his part-time jobs，
and volunteered to appeal to more people to save water.They also taught
people to store and recycle water.With their assistance， the
government’s work turned out to be effective.What they did benefited
many people，making a great difference.All of them felt a sense of
achievement.
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.internal adj.内部的
□2.fountain n.喷水池
□3.foundation n.基金会
□4.mission n.职责；使命
□5.territory n.地区，地方
□6.royal adj.王室的，皇家的
□7.institution n.机构，团体
□8.Nazi n.纳粹党员，纳粹分子
□9.Jewish adj.犹太人的，犹太教的
□10.military n.军队
□11.knighthood n.（英国的）爵士封号或头衔
□12.ministry n.（政府的）部
核心单词练通
1. n.顿悟，猛醒
2. n.疾病，病
3. n.癌症
4. v.帮助，援助
5. adj.最高级别的，首席的
6. n.药物，药材
7. n.证明书，证书
8. adj.更多的，附加的
insight
disease
cancer
aid
chief
drug
certificate
further
9. Modern science and technology makes it possible for us to
（获得） information on every known subject on the Internet.
10. Koalas are very （敏感的） creatures who can easily
panic because of even small changes in their environment.
11. Universities call on all the students to learn to （回收利
用） the waste paper.
12. A program will be （资助） to pay farmers for their lost
cattle.
obtain
sensitive
recycle
funded
拓展单词用活
1. n.减轻，缓解；救援物品；宽慰→ vt.使减
轻，缓解
2. n.短缺，不足，缺乏→ adj.不足的
3. adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→ n.效
果；影响
4. v.挣（钱）→ n.收入
5. v.捐赠，捐献→ n.捐赠，捐献→
n.捐赠者
relief
relieve
shortage
short
effective
effect
earn
earnings
donate
donation
donor
6. n.不屈不挠，坚持不懈→ adj.坚
韧不拔的
7. v.持续；延伸；扩展→ adj.广阔的；大规
模的；广泛的→ adv.广阔地；广泛地→
n.扩大；延伸
8. n.残疾，残障；缺陷，障碍→ adj.有残
疾的，丧失能力的
9. v.迟疑，犹豫→ n.犹豫；踌躇
perseverance
persevering
extend
extensive
extensively
extension
disability
disabled
hesitate
hesitation
10. adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的→
adv.临时地
11. n.成绩，成就→ vt.完成；达到（某
目标、地位、标准）
12. One of the problems is that a of the graduates
who in this subject find it difficult to find a good job.
（major）
13. People had to themselves in their own way before they
received the sent by the government.（treat）
temporary
temporarily
achievement
achieve
major
majority
major
treat
treatment
14. It is strongly advised that each of us to the protection
of our earth， and I believe all our will finally pay off.
（contribute）
15. Uncle Wang is a kind and man and he
contributed a lot of money to the rural primary school last
week.His is worth admiring.（generous）
contribute
contributions
generous
generously
generosity
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
先 写 对
第 一 组 1. 有影响，起（重要）作用
2. 从……中逃脱，逃离
3. 做某事有困难
4. 下定决心做某事
5. 出席，在场；结果是
6. 公之于世，公开（秘密等）
7. 建立，设立
8. 环视，扫视
make a difference
escape from
have trouble （in） doing sth
be determined to do sth
turn out
go public
set up
look across
再 用 准
1.The skills my parents taught me when I was a child to be very useful later in my life.
2.Later， his experience in Africa led him to a foundation， from which a large number of people in Africa have benefited.
3.If we work hard together， our actions can to the world and lead to a better future.
4.We lived in a house in a village that the river and plain to the mountains.
turned out
set up
make a difference
looked across
先 写 对
第 二 组 1. 受益于
2. 提出，想出
3. 被控制住，处于控制之下
4. 多半，通常
5. 收留，留宿；吸收，理解，欺骗
6. 站起身来
7. 去世
8. 突然笑起来
benefit from
come up with
under control
for the most part
take in
rise to one’s feet
pass away
break into a smile
再 用 准
1.Thousands of patients have the new treatment， and their condition has got much better.
2.David and continued his running， showing no sign of giving up.
3.Surprisingly， seeing his mother stepping towards
him， the six-month-old baby .
4.Dieting and exercising can bring your weight but you must stick to them.
benefit（t）ed from
rose to his feet
broke into a smile
under control
（三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.so ...that ...引导结
果状语从句 教材原句：And why is
the water so dirty that it
makes them sick？ 1.她是一位如此热心且富有奉献精神的老
师，以至于赢得了普遍赞扬。 （人物介
绍）
She is
she has won general praise.
so warm-hearted and dedicated a
teacher that
句型公式 句式仿写
2.on/upon＋名词/动词
-ing 形式 ...表示
“一……就……” 教材原句：On leaving
school， Winton worked
in banks in Germany and
France. 2.这些大学生一到村里就去帮助农民干活。
， these
college students went to help the farmers with
their work.
On/Upon arriving at the village
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
When my uncle was young， his ideal was not to make
money to do something for the society.He believed that his
efforts would make difference to the society.He was active
and often played a major part in some chief activities.He was generous
and often aided some people with （disabled） .And he also
often donated some money those with diseases.In a word，
he never hesitated （help） those who needed some help.
微技能热身
1. ①处应填 。
2. ②处应填 。
3. ③处作介词with的宾语，应填 。
4. ④处应填介词 。
5. ⑤处应填 。
but
a
disabilities
to
to help
generous adj.慷慨的，大方的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Although he was poor， he was quite generous his needy
friends.
②It is agreed that his （generous） is worth admiring.
to
generosity
【写美】 一句多译
③他们与失业的邻居分享他们的餐食真是慷慨大方。
→It their meal with their out-of-work
neighbours.
→They their meal with their out-of-work
neighbours.
was generous of them to share
were generous in sharing
【归纳】
（1）be generous with sth 不吝惜某物
be generous to ... 对……慷慨/宽宏大量
be generous in doing sth 在做某事方面慷慨/宽宏大量
It is generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事真是慷慨大方
（2）generously adv. 慷慨地，大方地
generosity n. 慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
【佳句】 David is generous with his time and money， for which he has
many friends.
戴维不吝惜他的时间和金钱，因此，他有很多朋友。
hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（译林选必一）People with the impression that poetry is difficult to
understand often hesitate reading poetry.
② hesitation she went to Simon and gave him a big hug.
（动作描写）
about
Without
【写美】 微写作
③无论你何时有麻烦，我都会毫不犹豫地帮助你。
Whenever you are in trouble，
.（hesitation）
I will do you a favour without
hesitation
【归纳】
（1）hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事，犹豫做某事
hesitate about/over ... 对……犹豫不决
（2）hesitation n. 犹豫，迟疑
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
【佳句】 If you are enthusiastic about English and have a sharp mind，
don’t hesitate to join the debate team. （通知）
如果你对英语有热情，有一个敏锐的头脑，别犹豫来加入辩论队。
Jim is an excellent doctor， who once met a boy with disability.The boy was eager to rise his feet.However， he couldn’t.Jim offered to give him （treat） .To the boy’s relief， with the assistance of Jim， the boy made his dream of standing up a （real） at last！ The boy’s parents expressed their thanks to him， tears in their eyes.
微技能热身
1. ①处应填 ，构成固定短语。
2. ②处作宾语，应填 。
3. ③处被不定冠词a修饰，应填 。
to
treatment
reality
relief n.减轻，缓解；调剂；救济
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Having finished all the housework， Mary dropped herself into the
sofa， sighing relief.
②It is your considerate comfort and generous help that relieved us
the tense depression. （感谢信）
③Take the medicine as instructed， and you will be relieved your
pain.
with
of
of
【写美】 微写作
④我感到宽慰，安稳地坐在椅子上，睡着了。
， I sat back in a chair and fell asleep.
Relieved
【归纳】
（1）with relief 欣慰地，释然地
to one’s relief＝to the relief of sb 令某人欣慰的是
It is a relief to do sth 做某事很放心/舒心
what a relief 总算松了一口气
breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气
（2）relieve vt. 减轻，缓解；解除
relieve sb of ... 帮助某人减轻（负担）；解除某人的职务
（3）relieved adj. 宽慰的；宽心的
【佳句】 （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Seeing his confident smiles， I sighed
with relief.
看到他自信的微笑，我松了一口气。
rise to one’s feet 站起身来
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Now that you’re growing up， you must learn to stand your
own two feet.
②The astronaut’s dream to be the first man to set foot the
Mars will become a reality.
on
on/in
【写美】 微写作
③听到一个奇怪的声音，这个小男孩快速地站起来跑开了。 （动作
描写）
Hearing a strange sound， the little boy
.
quickly rose to his feet and ran
away
【归纳】
jump/leap/spring to one’s feet 跳起来
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
stand on one’s own （two） feet 自立，经济上独立
set foot on/in 踏上，进入
【佳句】 The child fell down， but he struggled to his feet instead of
waiting for his mother to help him.（动作描写）
那个孩子摔倒了，但他挣扎着站了起来，而不是等他妈妈来帮他。
句型公式：独立主格结构
【教材原句】 These are among the 669 children， most of them
Jewish， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands
of the Nazis.
这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救
的669名儿童中的一部分。
①我紧张地看着爸爸，双腿颤抖着，心狂跳着。 （心理描写）
I looked at my father nervously，
.
②（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）With the writing contest over， I almost forgot
it， not caring about whether I would win or not.
→ ， I almost forgot it， not caring about
whether I would win or not.（用独立主格结构改写）
my legs trembling and my heart
beating wildly
The writing contest over
【练通】 微写作/句式升级
【归纳】
独立主格结构的逻辑主语（名词或代词主格）与主句的主语不一
致，它独立存在，在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴
随状况等。
常用形式有：
（1）逻辑主语＋非谓语动词；
（2）逻辑主语＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语。
【佳句】 Having failed in the end-of-term examination， the little
girl dragged her feet into the sitting room， her face red with
extreme shame.期末考试不及格，小女孩慢腾腾地走进客厅，羞
愧得满脸通红。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. chief
A. adj.最高级别的 B. adj.最重要的 C. n.首领
（1）（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）That is partly because people are driving
more， but Mark Rosekind， the chief of the National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration， said distracted （分心） driving was “only
increasing， unfortunately.”
C
（2）“It’s no secret that China has always been a source （来源） of
inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill， chief creative officer at
A＋E Networks， a global media company and home to some of the
biggest fashion （时尚） shows.
（3）Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present
population is 762.
A
B
2. 词义猜测
（1）She has a fund of knowledge about modern jazz and therefore you
can turn to her for help.
（2）No one can deny the fact that tourism is the fountain of wealth for
the city.
n.（相当）数量，储备
n.丰富来源，源泉
（3）This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel
writers.
（4）（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The plan will extend protection to a
significant number of areas that were previously unprotected， bringing
many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority
to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
n.稿件，作品
vt.提供，给予
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. （2024·北京卷）And the more tools we have， the
more （effect） and insightful we can become.
2. （2024·北京卷）While he held the notion that objective
（real） exists， he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring
and shaping our perceptions.
3. A （short） of time caused my failure， which made me
quite annoyed.
4. The millionaire decided to set a foundation to help those in
trouble out.
effective
reality
shortage
up
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. You can’t imagine it was the little boy who
（想出这个好主意） to ensure your safety！
2. The old man （给学校捐了
很多钱）， enabling the students to return to their classrooms.
3. The scientist broke through in his research and he clapped his
hands， （突然笑起来）.
came up with the good
idea
donated a lot of money to the school
breaking into a smile
4. Much to my relief， students supporting me are
（占大多数）， enabling me to be elected as the chairman of the Student
Council.
5. They talked as if they had accomplished a lot， but （事
实上） they did very little.
in the majority
in reality
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
求助信——节约用水
假定你是李华，你校下周日要举办主题为“节约用水”的创意展
览比赛，你对自己设计的作品不是很满意，想请你的好友Jim帮你出
主意。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动的意义；2.自己的作品；3.表达期待。
第一步 练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 最近一切都好吗？
2. 为了让学生意识到全球水资源短缺的问题，并增强节约用水意识，
我们学校计划下周日举办一场比赛。 （shortage）
How is everything these days？
To make students realize the problem of global water shortage and raise
awareness of saving water， our school is scheduled to hold a competition
next Sunday.
3. 考虑到浪费水，我设计了一个在卫生间蓄水的装置来循环使用水。
（recycle）
4. 我希望这个装置实用且有效， 但是现在离达到这个目标还差得
远。（effective， obtain）
Considering the waste of water， I have designed a device to store water in
the toilet so that water can be recycled.
I hope this device is practical and effective， but there’s still a long way
to go to obtain the goal.
5. 目前，主要问题是这个装置使用起来不方便。（major）
6. 那就是我需要你的慷慨帮助的原因，希望你能给我一些建议。
（generous， assistance）
At present， the major problem is that the device is not convenient to use.
That’s why I need your generous assistance， hoping you can give me
some advice.
第二步 组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear Jim，
Yours，
Li Hua
How is everything these days？To make students realize the
problem of global water shortage and raise awareness of saving water，
our school is scheduled to hold a competition next Sunday.Considering the
waste of water， I have designed a device to store water in the toilet so
that water can be recycled.I hope this device is practical and effective，
but there’s still a long way to go to obtain the goal.At present， the
major problem is that the device is not convenient to use.That’s why I
need your generous assistance， hoping you can give me some advice.
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮 词 情感描写：relief， break into a smile， sensitive
动作描写：rise to one’s feet， extend， assistance， aid， obtain
人物描写：generous， hesitate， insight， perseverance
美 句 ①He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to
welcome him.They sang and danced happily. （情感描写）
②Their heartbroken parents do not join them.Indeed， they fear they
may never see their children again. （情感描写）
动作描写之“眼部”动作（一）
词汇
单 词 动词：fix， meet， stare， lower/drop， raise/lift， shine/sparkle/glisten， gaze
短 语 ①meet one’s eyes 和某人对视
②stare into one’s eyes 凝视
③fix/focus one’s eyes on 盯着
④lower/drop one’s eyes 垂下眼睛
⑤raise/lift one’s eyes 抬起眼睛
⑥one’s eyes shine/sparkle/glisten with excitement
眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒
⑦one’s eyes fall/settle on 目光落在……
⑧one’s eyes dance with excitement 眼中洋溢着欢乐
美句
①She turned her eyes to me when I tapped her shoulder.
当我轻拍她的肩膀时，她把目光转向我。
②She laughed， her eyes shining/sparkling/glistening with excitement.
她笑了，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
③She looked her father straight in the eye and answered his question
truthfully.
她直视父亲的眼睛，诚实地回答了他的问题。
情境导语 约翰独自一人坐在窗边，看着书，看完后向窗外望去，高兴
地唱着歌。
第一步 完成句子
1. 约翰坐在窗边，他的眼睛盯着一本书。
John sat beside the window， .（with复
合结构）
with his eyes fixed on a book
2. 他看完书后，抬起眼睛向窗外望去。
When he finished the book，
.
3. 他高兴地唱着歌，用天真而又好奇的眼睛注视着周围的环境。
Singing happily，
.
4. 约翰注意到有人在靠近，他停止了唱歌并垂下了眼睛。
Noticing someone approaching， John stopped singing
and .
he lifted/raised his eyes and looked out of
the window
he gazed at the surroundings with innocent and
curious eyes
lowered/dropped his eyes
5. 当认出来者是谁时，约翰张开嘴，眼睛睁得大大的。
When recognizing who the visitor was， John opened his mouth
.（with复合结构）
with
his eyes widening
第二步 连句成文
John sat beside the window， with his eyes fixed on a book.When
he finished the book， he lifted/raised his eyes and looked out of the
window.Singing happily， he gazed at the surroundings with innocent and
curious eyes.Then， noticing someone approaching， John stopped
singing and lowered/dropped his eyes.When recognizing who the visitor
was， John opened his mouth with his eyes widening.
4
素养·培育落实
真题剖析，深度探究
（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The elderly residents （居民） in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity （慈善组织） to
reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing.It is also being
used to help patients suffering dementia， a serious illness of the
mind.Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine
where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth
Xavier.She said： “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to
prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.”
“I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelchair in the
morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve
gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus.People have been bringing
their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch
them.I’m enjoying the creative activities， and it feels great to have
done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes
in the North East， and the charity has been given financial support to roll
it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson， extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street， one of the
first to embark on the project， said： “Residents really welcome the
idea of the project and the creative sessions.We are looking forward to the
benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis， director of Notting Hill Pathways， said： “We are
happy to be taking part in the project.It will really help connect our
residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
28. What is the purpose of the project？（ ）
A. To ensure harmony in care homes.
B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C. To raise money for medical research.
D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，该项目由当地一家慈
善机构构想，旨在减少老人的孤独感，改善其健康状况。
√
29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier？（ ）
A. She has learned new life skills.
B. She has gained a sense of achievement.
C. She has recovered her memory.
D. She has developed a strong personality.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，Ruth Xavier很享
受这些有创意的活动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好。由此可知，
Ruth Xavier从这个项目中获得了成就感。
√
30. What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7？
（ ）
A. Improve. B. Oppose.
C. Begin. D. Evaluate.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第七段中Wendy Wilson说的话并结合画
线部分可推知，画线部分所在句的意思是“第一批开始这个项目的组
织之一”，因此画线部分的意思为“开始”。
√
31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs？
（ ）
A. It is well received.
B. It needs to be more creative.
C. It is highly profitable.
D. It takes ages to see the results.
解析： 推理判断题。最后两段讲述了一些组织参与到这个项目的
感受。根据Wendy Wilson和Lynn Lewis两位负责人说的话可知，这个
项目得到了好评。
√
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1. charity n. 慈善机构（或组织）
2. wellbeing n. 健康；安乐；康乐
3. dementia n. 痴呆
4. session n. 一段时间；一场；会议
（二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇
1. loneliness n.孤独（lonely把y变i＋-ness）
2. ensure vt.确保（en-＋sure）
3. personality n.个性（personal＋-ity）
4. profitable adj.有利润的，有益的（profit＋-able）
（三）由文本积主题词块
1. reduction in the use of medicine 减少用药
2. give financial support 给予财政支持
3. bring benefits to people 给人们带来益处
（四）由文本知变式运用
1. 近义替换（用文章中的词汇替换）
（1）take care of＝ （第一段）
（2）concentration＝ （第五段）
（3）beneficial＝ （第五段）
2. 熟词生义（文章中生义）
（1）dream up （第二段第一句）
（2）roll out （第六段）
look after
focus
useful
想出
正式推出；开展
（五）由文本学靓丽表达
1. （参加这次项目的那些
人中有一个是） 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.（完全倒装）
2. I am （去那里） in my wheelchair in the morning
letting the hens out and （再去那里） at night to
see they’ve gone to bed.（and连接的并列句）
3. I’m enjoying the creative activities， and
（做一些有用的事感觉很棒）.（it作形式主语）
Among those taking part in the project is
down there
down there again
it feels great to have done
something useful
（六）由文本学长难句分析
I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast
each morning before I went to school.
分析：本句为复合句。when I was younger为when引导的
从句；before I went to school为before引导的 从句。
翻译：
时间状语
时间状语
我小时候养过母鸡，每天早上上学前都要给它们准备早
餐。
5
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2025·秦皇岛部分高中二模）When 19-year-old Emily
Bhatnagar from Maryland， USA， found her father had stage four
thyroid （甲状腺） cancer， her response was different from what you
might expect.To honour her father， who she also described as her best
friend， she decided to start a book drive called For Love and Buttercup，
collecting books for kids with cancer.
“It was very much an overnight idea，” she explained.“I posted a
message on an app called Nextdoor asking my neighbors to donate used
books.I was only expecting a few here and there， but the response was
truly incredible and it was just the push I needed to coexist with my grief
（悲伤） rather than letting it consume me.”
“It was absolutely heartbreaking to watch my dad go through cancer
and see him lose a little bit of himself each day， but the book drive
allowed me to develop a new-found sense of purpose intertwined （交
织） with a greater sense of compassion to help others in any form.I
wanted to help kids.They’ve always held a soft spot in my heart.”
Using tips she earned from working at her parents’ bread shop，
Emily bought many books out of her own pocket.In addition， she
received donations through her Amazon wishlist， which can be found in
the bio （简介） of the book drive’s Instagram account，
@forloveandbuttercup.
Emily and her older brother spent a whole summer driving around
town， loading boxes of books into their car.“It was such a privilege to
know people had carried these books all their lives through generations，
and they wanted to gift it to my cause.”
For Love and Buttercup has donated over 15，000 books to sick
children and it is being recognised by The Washington Post， Forbes，
The President’s Volunteer Service Award and Lady Gaga’s Born This
Way Foundation.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自美国马里兰州
的19岁的 Emily Bhatnagar 发现她的父亲已经甲状腺癌四期时，决定
发起图书捐赠活动，为癌症儿童募集书籍。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自美国马里兰州
的19岁的 Emily Bhatnagar 发现她的父亲已经甲状腺癌四期时，决定
发起图书捐赠活动，为癌症儿童募集书籍。
1. What did Emily do knowing her father’s disease？（ ）
A. She turned to books for help.
B. She tried to help her father recover.
C. She decided to meet her father’s desire.
D. She asked for used book donations online.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，发现父亲已经甲状腺
癌四期时，Emily在网上发起了旧书捐赠活动。
√
2. How did Emily feel about her neighbors’ reaction？（ ）
A. Inspired. B. Ashamed.
C. Disappointed. D. Puzzled.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中的but the response was truly
incredible and it was just the push I needed to coexist with my grief （悲
伤） rather than letting it consume me可知，邻居们对 Emily发起的旧书
捐赠活动的反应让她受到了鼓舞。
√
3. What do we know about Emily from Paragraph 4？（ ）
A. She grew up in a rich family.
B. She helped in her parents’ shop.
C. Nobody cared about her wishlist.
D. Her parents were not supportive.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的Using tips she earned
from working at her parents’ bread shop可知，Emily在她父母的
面包店帮忙。
√
4. What can we say about the book drive？（ ）
A. Unfavorable. B. Money-consuming.
C. Successful. D. Demanding.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断，Emily 的图书捐
赠活动获得了巨大的成功。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2025·日照三模）Can you tell when your friends are happy or
going through a difficult time？ Whether you have one or two besties or
are part of a group， building and keeping friendships is a skill we all
learn.5.（ ） Research shows it might even help you fight off colds.
Friendship is a special connection you have with another person，
and it comes in all shapes and sizes.You could chat for ages or giggle at
things other people don’t find funny.You don’t expect the other person
to be fun all the time.6.（ ） Friends don’t always enjoy the same
sports or hobbies but they encourage each other anyway.Experts say good
friendship is a strong， stable connection.It makes you feel positive and
it’s not one-sided.7.（ ）
Good friends are good for your health because they make you feel
happy， confident and less stressed.Sharing your feelings and ideas with
someone else isn’t just fun.8.（ ） Author Lydia Denworth says
friendship is good for you because it boosts your immune system and helps
your body stay healthy.Having good， strong friendships is as important
as diet and exercise.
9. （ ） Making time for your mates sounds obvious but it’s
not always easy to see them when you are busy.Try sending a message or
arranging a walk or bike ride to have time to chat.Talking about your
feelings lets your friends know you trust them and gives them a chance to
do the same.If you think a friend is feeling down， find a quiet moment to
ask if everything is OK and listen closely to their answers.
A. Making new friends takes much time and effort.
B. You both give each other support when you need it.
C. And you may know when the other has had a bad day.
D. It builds trust and helps you understand each other better.
E. Being a friend is one of the most important skills we can learn.
F. That’s good news because hanging out with your friends is fun.
G. As well as lifting up others， friendship can boost your wellbeing too.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了友谊的重要性、好处，
以及交朋友的方法。
5. G 空前一句表明建立和保持友谊是重要技能，空后一句说明友谊
能帮助我们抵御疾病。G项（友谊不仅能鼓舞他人，也能提升你的健
康）说明友谊的好处，引出下文。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了友谊的重要性、好处，
以及交朋友的方法。
6. C 空前一句表明朋友不会一直有趣，C项（你要知道对方哪天过
得不好）表示也会有朋友没有趣的时候，为前一句的补充。
7. B 根据空前一句可知，友谊让你感到乐观，它不是单方面的，是
相互的，B项（当你们需要的时候，你们都给予对方支持）表示友谊
是双方的。
8. D 空前一句表明与朋友分享感受和想法不仅有趣，D项（它建
立信任，帮助你们更好地了解对方）符合语境，与空前一句为递
进关系。
9. E 根据下文可知，本段在讲交朋友的一些做法和技能。E项（交
朋友是我们可以学习的最重要的技能之一）总领下文，符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2025·临沂一模）Whatever the patient’s age or disease， a
hospital stay can be stressful， especially for kids.Efforts like Ella’s are
a（n） 10 spot during a tough time.
It began in 2018， when Ella celebrated her birthday in a 11
way — a gift drive.Since then， it has 12 each year in early
October， a few weeks before her birthday.Along with a（n） 13 to
her party， Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the
hospital.For the youngest 14 ， gifts might include building blocks or
stuffed toys.Then it’s time to share the gifts.“Seeing other
people’s 15 — that’s all that matters to me，” Ella says.
After the first round， the number of donations 16 every
year.But she doesn’t keep an exact count. 17 ， she judges by
sight.“We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living
room，” Ella says.“Last year， it 18 the entire carpet.”
Allison， working at Brigham Children’s Hospital， has seen first-
hand the 19 of Ella’s gift-giving.“She puts a smile on the faces of
these little patients in our hospital，” Allison says.“They are all amazed
at her 20 at such a young age.”
Ella’s 21 to help kids in the hospital have inspired others
to 22 in her footsteps.Friends have collected and 23 gifts for
their birthdays too.
“ 24 to others is a good feeling to have at the end of the day，”
Ella says.“I want to keep doing this as long as I can.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。艾拉捐赠礼物给生病的孩子来庆祝
自己的生日的做法鼓舞了其他人的效仿，艾拉认为给予是快乐的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。艾拉捐赠礼物给生病的孩子来庆祝
自己的生日的做法鼓舞了其他人的效仿，艾拉认为给予是快乐的。
10. A. independent B. extra
C. free D. bright
解析： 根据上文可知，病人在医院的时光是艰难的，艾拉给生病
的孩子送礼物是这段艰难时光中明亮的时刻。independent独立的；
extra额外的；free自由的；bright欢快的，明亮的。
11. A. new B. private C. fancy D. natural
解析： 根据a gift drive可知，艾拉用一种新的不同于通常的方
式庆祝自己的生日。new新的；private私人的；fancy奇特的；
natural自然的。
√
√
12. A. worked out B. kicked off
C. given out D. thought up
解析： 根据下文Along with a（n） 13 to her party， Ella’s
friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.可知，艾拉和朋友在
她的生日前几周就开始送礼物给住院的孩子们。work out计算出；
kick off开始；give out分发；think up想出。
√
13. A. letter B. recreation
C. invitation D. cake
解析： 根据to her party可知，艾拉过生日，给朋友们发邀请函邀请
他们参加她的生日派对。letter信；recreation娱乐；invitation邀请；
cake蛋糕。
√
14. A. workers B. patients
C. parents D. nurses
解析： 根据上文Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the
hospital.可知，此处指最小的病人会得到积木和填充玩具。worker工
人；patient病人；parent父亲，母亲；nurse护士。
√
15. A. happiness B. recognition
C. behavior D. admiration
解析： 根据上文Then it’s time to share the gifts.可知，此处指病
人收到礼物时的幸福时刻。happiness幸福；recognition认可；behavior
行为；admiration钦佩。
16. A. changes B. grows
C. declines D. maintains
解析： 根据下文But she doesn’t keep an exact count.可知，捐赠数
量每年在增加。change改变；grow增加；decline下降；maintain保持。
√
√
17. A. Thus B. Somehow
C. Sometimes D. Instead
解析： 根据she judges by sight可知，对于捐赠的礼物数量，她没
有确切的数字，而是目测。thus因此；somehow莫名其妙地；
sometimes有时候；instead反而。
√
18. A. reached B. included
C. decorated D. covered
解析： 根据上文We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our
living room可知，艾拉通过目测覆盖地毯多少判断礼物数量，去年覆
盖了整个地毯。reach到达；include包括；decorate装饰；cover覆盖。
√
19. A. excitement B. effect
C. inspiration D. feature
解析： 根据下文“She puts a smile on the faces of these little patients
in our hospital，” Allison says.“They are all amazed at her 20 at
such a young age.”可知，此处说的是艾莉森目睹了艾拉送礼物的影
响——给病人带来了快乐。excitement兴奋；effect影响；inspiration鼓
舞；feature特色。
√
20. A. generosity B. exploration
C. ambition D. progress
解析： 艾拉送礼物给病人，是慷慨大方的。generosity慷慨；
exploration探索；ambition抱负；progress进步。
21. A. promises B. aims
C. efforts D. proposals
解析： 根据inspired others to 22 in her footsteps和上文内容可
知，艾拉作出的努力激励人们追随她的脚步。promise诺言；aim目
标；effort努力；proposal提议。
√
√
22. A. follow B. engage C. track D. mix
解析： follow in one’s steps效仿；跟随某人的脚步。follow跟
随；engage参加；track追踪；mix混合。
23. A. received B. counted
C. gathered D. donated
解析： 朋友们效仿艾拉自然也在他们的生日时收集和捐赠礼物。
receive收到；count计算；gather聚集；donate捐赠。
√
√
24. A. Responding B. Relating
C. Giving D. Comparing
解析： 艾拉捐赠礼物给病人，是一种给予。respond回应；relate
与……有关；give给予；compare比较。
√
演示完毕 感谢观看 !
